1039:
1378:
1729:, the new Governor-General of Brazil, received from the Portuguese government the command to expel the French. With a fleet of 26 warships and 2,000 soldiers, on 15 March 1560, he attacked and destroyed Fort Coligny within three days, but was unable to drive off their inhabitants and defenders, because they escaped to the mainland with the help of the Native Brazilians, where they continued to live and to work. Admiral Villegaignon had returned to France in 1558, disgusted with the religious tension that existed between French Protestants and Catholics, who had come also with the second group (see French Wars of Religion).
1223:
1786:
5492:
38:
3711:
4676:
840:
612:
405:
4663:
3663:
1829:, under the command of Alexandre de Moura, was able to mount a military expedition, which defeated and expelled the French colonists in 1615, less than four years after their arrival in the land. Thus, it repeated the disaster spelt for the colonists of France Antarctique, in 1567. A few years later, in 1620, Portuguese and Brazilian colonists arrived in number and SĂŁo LuĂs started to develop, with an economy based mostly in sugar cane and slavery.
798:"The descendants of the French who have accustomed to this country , together with all the Indians who will be brought to the knowledge of the faith and will profess it, shall be deemed and renowned natural Frenchmen, and as such may come to live in France when they want, and acquire, donate, and succeed and accept donations and legacies, just as true French subjects, without being required to take no letters of declaration of naturalization."
1111:
1515:
3777:
919:
151:
1762:
Equinoctial France was the contemporary name given to the colonization efforts of France in the 17th century in South
America, around the line of Equator, before "tropical" had fully gained its modern meaning: Equinoctial means in Latin "of equal nights", i.e., on the Equator, where the duration of
1198:
From 1699 to 1702, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville was governor of
Louisiana. His brother succeeded him in that post from 1702 to 1713. He was again governor from 1716 to 1724 and again 1733 to 1743. In 1718, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville commanded a French expedition in Louisiana. He founded the
1097:
to the south. In the middle of the 18th century, New France accounted for 60,000 people while the
British colonies had more than one million people. This placed the colony at a great military disadvantage against the British. The war between the colonies resumed in 1744, lasting until 1748. A final
1685:
and
Guillaume Chartrier. The new colonists, numbering around 300, included 5 young women to be wed, 10 boys to be trained as translators, as well as 14 Calvinists sent by Calvin, and also Jean de LĂ©ry, who would later write an account of the colony. They arrived in March 1557. The relief fleet was
1844:
was founded, in 1643 and 1645, but both foundered as a result of misfortune and mismanagement. It was only after 1674, when the colony came under the direct control of the French crown and a competent
Governor took office, that France Équinoxiale became a reality. To this day, French Guiana is a
1157:
on the
Illinois River, along with 23 French and 18 Native Americans. In April 1682, they arrived at the mouth of the Mississippi; they planted a cross and a column bearing the arms of the king of France. In 1686 de Tonti left 6 men near the Quapaw village of Osotouy, creating the settlement of
1712:
Doctrinal disputes arose between
Villegagnon and the Calvinists, especially in relation to the Eucharist, and in October 1557 the Calvinists were banished from Coligny island as a result. They settled among the Tupinamba until January 1558, when some of them managed to return to France by ship
1393:
on the western third of the island in 1664. Nicknamed the "Pearl of the
Antilles", Saint-Domingue became the richest colony in the Caribbean due to slave plantation production of sugar cane. It had the highest slave mortality rate in the western hemisphere. A 1791 slave revolt, the only ever
1257:
Prisoners were set free in Paris in
September 1719 onwards, under the condition that they marry prostitutes and go with them to Louisiana. The newly married couples were chained together and taken to the port of embarkation. In May 1720, after complaints from the Mississippi Company and the
1645:(then a Catholic statesman, who about a year later would become a Huguenot), an admiral who supported the expedition and would use the colony in order to protect his fellow believers. To the still largely undeveloped mainland village, Villegaignon gave the name of Henriville, in honour of
1676:
After one ship was sent to France to ask for additional support, three ships were financed and prepared by the king of France and put under the command of Sieur De Bois le Comte, a nephew of
Villegagnon. They were joined by 14 Calvinists from Geneva, led by
1182:
and explored the area around the mouth of the Mississippi. He stopped between Isle-aux-Chats (now Cat Island) and Isle Surgeres (renamed Isle-aux-Vascular or Ship Island) on February 13, 1699, and continued his explorations to the mainland, with his brother
5613:
428:. The French subsequently tried to establish several colonies throughout North America that failed, due to weather, disease, or conflict with other European powers. Cartier attempted to create the first permanent European settlement in North America at
1773:(France Antarctique, in French), in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All of these settlements were in violation of the papal bull of 1493, which divided the New World between Spain and Portugal. This division was later defined more exactly by the
1170:
by drawing a map on which the Mississippi seemed much further west than its actual rate. He set up a maritime expedition with four ships and 320 emigrants, but it ended in disaster when he failed to find the Mississippi Delta and was killed in 1687.
1822:
prayed the first mass, and the soldiers started building a fortress. An important difference in relation to France Antarctique is that this new colony was not motivated by escape from religious persecutions to Protestants (see French Wars of
5623:
5593:
5456:
1309:, migrated into the Spanish territory West of the Mississippi and were instrumental in pushing further West toward the Pacific through their longer experience of the new continent and its native inhabitants. Only the islands of
1743:
to assemble a new attack force. Estácio de Sá founded the city of Rio de Janeiro on March 1, 1565, and fought the Frenchmen for two more years. Helped by a military reinforcement sent by his uncle, on January 20, 1567, he
5618:
5533:
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938:
made his first trip to Canada on a trade mission for fur. Although he had no formal mandate on this trip, he sketched a map of the St. Lawrence River and in writing, on his return to France, a report entitled
710:
These additional outbreaks of disease and a series of floods resulted in Bienville ordering that the settlement be relocated in 1711 several miles downriver to its present location at the confluence of the
5548:
5466:
5311:
5588:
5538:
5471:
1081:. In 1690 and 1711, Quebec City had successfully resisted the attacks of the English navy and then British army. Nevertheless, the British took advantage of the second war. With the signing of the
1669:
Unchallenged by the Portuguese, who initially took little notice of his landing, Villegaignon endeavoured to expand the colony by calling for more colonists in 1556. He sent one of his ships, the
695:
girls" recovered, numerous colonists and neighboring Native Americans contracted the disease in turn and many died. This early period was also the occasion of the importation of the first African
5641:
764:
The French were eager to explore North America but New France remained largely unpopulated. Due to the lack of women, intermarriages between French and Indians were frequent, giving rise to the
5603:
1461:. Control of many of these islands was contested between the French, the British and the Dutch; in the case of St. Martin, the island was divided in two, a situation that persists to this day.
707:, where they had first been held. The population of the colony fluctuated over the next few years, growing to 279 persons by 1708, yet shrinking to 178 persons two years later due to disease.
5658:
5646:
5636:
5583:
5553:
2206:
Acte pour l'établissement de la Compagnie des Cent Associés pour le commerce du Canada, contenant les articles accordés à la dite Compagnie par M. le Cardinal de Richelieu, le 29 avril 1627
5608:
5578:
5451:
5386:
5321:
1748:
on the French forces and decisively expelled them from Brazil, but died a month later from wounds inflicted in the battle. Coligny's and Villegaignon's dream had lasted a mere 12 years.
734:, leaving Mobile to serve as a regional military and trading center. In 1723 the construction of a new brick fort with a stone foundation began and it was renamed Fort Condé in honor of
5573:
5568:
5563:
5361:
5543:
1114:
Lower Louisiana marked in yellow; pink represents Canada. Part of Canada below the great lakes was ceded to Louisiana in 1717. Brown represents British colonies. Original map from 1719
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5426:
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1629:, who later would help the Huguenots to find a refuge against persecution, led a small fleet of two ships and 600 soldiers and colonists, and took possession of the small island of
5528:
5523:
5476:
5416:
5391:
5381:
5336:
2734:
910:
suddenly destroyed his fleet. On 20 September 1565 the Spaniards, commanded by Menéndez de Avilés, attacked and massacred all the Fort Caroline occupants including Jean Ribault.
5431:
5421:
5401:
5346:
5341:
5331:
3301:
749:, which Britain won, defeating France. By this treaty, France ceded its territories east of the Mississippi River to Britain. This area was made a part of the expanded British
5518:
5406:
5351:
5441:
5366:
3796:
211:
in much of eastern North America, on several Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.
662:
342:
The French first came to the New World as travelers seeking a route to the Pacific Ocean and wealth. Major French exploration of North America began under the rule of
1158:
Arkansas Post. De Tonti's Arkansas Post would be the first European settlement in the Lower Mississippi River valley. La Salle returned to France and won over the
1142:). They reached the mouth of the Arkansas and then up the river, after learning that it flowed into the Gulf of Mexico and not to the California Sea (Pacific Ocean).
1191:. He built a precarious fort, called 'Maurepas' (later 'Old Biloxi'), before returning to France. He returned twice in the Gulf of Mexico and established a fort at
4960:
1258:
concessioners about this class of French immigrants, the French government prohibited such deportations. However, there was a third shipment of prisoners in 1721.
1050:
Despite this rapid expansion, the colony developed very slowly. The Iroquois wars and diseases were the leading causes of death in the French colony. In 1663 when
1226:
In Weigel's map (1719) intended to promote sales of the Mississippi Company in Germany; most of the present-day United States appears under the name "Louisiana".
1011:
brothers, the British occupied the city of Quebec and Canada from 1629 to 1632. Samuel de Champlain was taken prisoner and there followed the bankruptcy of the
813:(1754–1763), the British population in North America outnumbered the French 20 to 1. France fought a total of six colonial wars in North America, (see the four
4808:
4637:
4422:
3766:
4642:
3951:
2727:
1536:
218:
stretched to over 10,000,000 km (3,900,000 sq mi) at its peak in 1710, which was the second largest colonial empire in the world, after the
1653:, who also knew of and approved the expedition, and had provided the fleet for the trip. Villegaignon secured his position by making an alliance with the
5695:
1038:
3699:
2973:
5161:
3956:
2720:
4335:
1093:. Under the Sovereign Council, the population of the colony grew faster. However, the population growth was far inferior to that of the British
5195:
4714:
3992:
2978:
1900:
1058:, the population of New France was only 2,500 European inhabitants. That year, to increase the population, Louis XIV sent between 800 and 900 '
1769:(Nouvelle France) in North America, particularly in what is today the province of Quebec, Canada, and for a very short period (12 years) also
1673:, to Honfleur, entrusted with letters to King Henry II, Gaspard de Coligny and according to some accounts, the Protestant leader John Calvin.
930:
of Newfoundland. However, at the beginning of the 17th century, France was more interested in fur from North America. The fur trading post of
661:. Bienville was appointed as royal governor of French Louisiana in 1701. Mobile's Roman Catholic parish was established on July 20, 1703, by
5680:
5446:
5023:
5008:
4965:
4940:
4312:
4002:
3997:
3905:
3801:
776:"Spanish civilization crushed the Indian; English civilization scorned and neglected him; French civilization embraced and cherished him."
5200:
4097:
962:, the first French settlement in the New World, which would be given up the following winter. The expedition then founded the colony of
4884:
4538:
4533:
2988:
2983:
654:
589:
93:
1146:
559:
4889:
4106:
1865:
128:
1024:
5301:
5283:
4440:
3081:
2001:
88:
1398:, led to freedom for the colony's slaves in 1794 and, a decade later, complete independence for the country, which renamed itself
5013:
4879:
4874:
4752:
3831:
3565:
3311:
2501:
1925:
1035:) which was at that time, a fort as protection against Iroquois attacks (the first great Iroquois war lasted from 1642 to 1667).
103:
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4803:
4552:
4307:
4172:
3227:
2563:
1016:
527:
3276:
2532:
1273:. By the end of 1720, the Mississippi Company failed. Later, more Germans immigrated to Louisiana during the 1750s and 1770s.
1102:
and the French were helped by numerous alliances with Native Americans, but they were usually outnumbered on the battlefield.
1062:' to become the wives of French settlers. The population of New France reached subsequently 7,000 in 1674 and 15,000 in 1689.
4813:
4523:
4322:
4259:
3816:
3692:
3177:
2856:
2706:
2698:
2608:
2589:
2452:
2168:
1920:
1808:. De la Ravardière had discovered the region in 1604 but the death of the king postponed his plans to start its colonization.
179:
133:
113:
108:
63:
27:
1841:
1717:, and five others chose to return to Coligny island where three of them were drowned by Villegagnon for refusing to recant.
4818:
4747:
4368:
4355:
4270:
4246:
3920:
3836:
3821:
3271:
3159:
2935:
2616:
Katz, Ron. French America: French Architecture from Colonialization to the Birth of a Nation. Editions Didier Millet, 2004.
1493:; all remain part of France today. Guadeloupe (including Marie-Galante and other nearby islands) and Martinique each is an
666:
118:
58:
432:(Quebec City) in 1541 with 400 settlers but the settlement was abandoned the next year after bad weather and attacks from
5091:
5057:
5052:
4593:
4399:
4114:
1184:
863:
settlers in an attempt to colonize the Atlantic coast and found a colony on a territory which would take the name of the
98:
83:
68:
53:
48:
809:". However, the low density of the population in New France remained a very persistent problem. At the beginning of the
5028:
4864:
4849:
4707:
4476:
3969:
3964:
3925:
3915:
3791:
3492:
1905:
433:
73:
4869:
4859:
4854:
4823:
4777:
4772:
3419:
2371:
2083:
2044:
1562:
1266:
1012:
880:
1544:
5212:
4950:
4913:
4798:
4583:
3910:
3685:
3586:
3545:
3334:
123:
5690:
5685:
4632:
4090:
3761:
3349:
3266:
3010:
2670:
L'épée et la plume: Amérindiens et soldats des troupes de la marine en Louisiane et au Pays d'en Haut (1683-1763)
1745:
1610:
670:
2348:
1203:
5207:
4762:
3946:
3848:
3339:
3256:
2968:
1622:
1540:
650:
601:
225:
As they colonized the New World, the French established forts and settlements that would become such cities as
138:
5183:
4700:
4603:
3329:
2257:
Des sauvages, ou, Voyage de Samuel Champlain, de Brouage, fait en la France Nouuelle, l'an mil six cens trois
1175:
1078:
973:, which would become the capital of New France. In Quebec, Champlain forged alliances between France and the
899:
460:
off Nova Scotia in 1598 failed after a short time. In 1599, a sixteen-person trading post was established in
437:
290:
2259:, A Paris : Chez Claude de Monstr'Ĺ“il, tenant sa boutique en la Cour du Palais, au nom de Iesus, 1603.
1804:, admiral. Carrying 500 colonists, it arrived in the Northern coast of what is today the Brazilian state of
677:
5276:
5173:
5119:
5001:
4996:
3811:
3529:
3237:
2787:
906:, 60 kilometers south of Fort Caroline. Fearing a Spanish attack, Ribault planned to move the colony but a
735:
575:
571:
196:
5156:
4828:
4252:
3987:
3291:
1895:
1234:
arranged for ships to bring 800 more, who landed in Louisiana in 1718, doubling the European population.
997:
790:
issued an act declaring that Indians converted to Catholicism were considered "natural Frenchmen" by the
616:
1832:
French traders and colonists tried again to settle a France Équinoxiale further North, in what is today
1042:
A new map of the north parts of America claimed by France in 1720, according to the London cartographer
5076:
5064:
4955:
4782:
4767:
4666:
4588:
4528:
4445:
4083:
4029:
4024:
3741:
3434:
3139:
547:
1815:
1377:
719:. A new earth-and-palisade Fort Louis was constructed at the new site during this time. By 1712, when
322:
5151:
5136:
5086:
5081:
3628:
3455:
2902:
1310:
1077:
until 1701, when the two parties agreed on peace. Then, the war against the English took over in the
959:
822:
488:, which was much plagued by illness, perhaps scurvy. The following year the settlement was moved to
481:
172:
2684:
Le français des Canadiens à la veille de la conquête: témoignage du père Pierre Philippe Potier, SJ.
1355:...) in North America along with a rich and complex History as well as proud descendants far beyond
1159:
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4020:
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3746:
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3522:
3450:
3402:
3038:
2928:
1678:
1525:
1462:
1294:
1222:
963:
903:
489:
286:
250:
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3633:
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3005:
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2005:
1826:
1810:
The colonists soon founded a village, which was named "Saint-Louis", in honor of the French king
1529:
1348:
1131:
723:
was appointed to take over administration of the colony, its population had reached 400 persons.
638:
2207:
768:. Relations between the French and Indians were usually peaceful. As the 19th-century historian
5245:
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5141:
5126:
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1930:
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829:
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727:
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347:
266:
262:
215:
200:
1801:
1413:
at various times. Islands that came under French rule during part or all of this time include
1305:, although mainly absent. French colonists descendants or "Canadiens" that had settled in the
805:
also tried to increase the population by sending approximately 800 young women nicknamed the "
5114:
4427:
4137:
3874:
3601:
3512:
3497:
2777:
2361:
1800:, Brittany, France, under the command of Daniel de la Touche, Seigneur de la Ravardière, and
1774:
1642:
1601:, which existed between 1555 and 1567, and had control over the coast from Rio de Janeiro to
1498:
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1454:
1235:
848:
818:
567:
551:
519:
242:
165:
1785:
1736:
954:. He participated in another expedition to New France in the spring of 1604, conducted by
8:
5500:
4236:
4216:
4182:
4049:
3666:
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3606:
3472:
3429:
3144:
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started two years earlier, and continued until the signing of the peace treaty, the name
1494:
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1290:
1262:
1247:
1231:
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473:
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258:
246:
2484:
Philip Boucher, "French Proprietary Colonies In The Greater Caribbean, 1620s–1670s." in
1739:, and who had played a big role in pacifying the Tamoios, Mem de Sá ordered his nephew,
1732:
1658:
1434:
1065:
From 1689 to 1713, the French settlers were faced with almost incessant war during the
5109:
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4503:
3843:
3119:
3050:
2879:
2866:
2797:
2656:
Wild Frenchmen and Frenchified Indians: Material Culture and Race in Colonial Louisiana
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1956:
1910:
1811:
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1646:
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1581:
1403:
1395:
1372:
1320:
1074:
1070:
951:
787:
421:
204:
5261:
2304:
Hubert, et al. Charbonneau, "The population of the St-Lawrence Valley, 1608–1760." in
2176:
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2577:
2543:
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2448:
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2079:
2040:
1915:
1731:
Urged by two influential Jesuit priests who had come to Brazil with Mem de Sá, named
1123:
1094:
1082:
985:. Champlain and other French travelers then continued to explore North America, with
555:
543:
461:
378:
came to take control of it from the French Verrazzano. He would later give the names
238:
192:
37:
4231:
3109:
2560:
2529:
1486:
1020:
230:
4616:
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4034:
3638:
3517:
3467:
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3197:
3056:
1890:
1818:
in Portuguese, the only Brazilian state capital founded by France. On 8 September,
1770:
1352:
1207:
1028:
531:
3677:
1265:
arranged for hundreds of German immigrants to move to Louisiana by ships in 1721.
522:), which is one of the oldest permanent European settlements in America. In 1634,
5217:
4568:
4293:
4220:
4064:
4039:
3359:
3354:
2567:
2536:
2518:
2509:
1860:
1819:
1470:
1410:
1192:
1154:
769:
758:
646:
629:
624:
417:
409:
359:
254:
199:
in the 16th century and continued into the following centuries as it established
3182:
1714:
1402:. France briefly also ruled the eastern portion of the island, which is now the
4389:
4187:
4059:
3482:
3424:
3071:
2829:
2820:
2782:
1855:
1682:
1650:
1626:
1594:
1390:
1211:
1150:
872:
864:
720:
700:
563:
371:
270:
219:
155:
1694:, with 80 soldiers and sailors was led by Vice Admiral Sieur De Bois le Comte.
839:
274:
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Making New France New Again: French historians rediscover their American past
1833:
1789:
1634:
1482:
1426:
1239:
1119:
1085:
in 1713, France ceded to Britain Acadia (with a population of 1,700 people),
993:
970:
884:
868:
611:
539:
445:
318:
404:
4578:
4485:
4481:
4297:
3202:
3061:
1870:
1796:
France Ă©quinoxiale started in 1612, when a French expedition departed from
1701:, with about 120 on board, captained by Sieur de Sainte-Marie dit l'Espine.
1638:
1589:(formerly also spelled France antartique) was a French colony south of the
1270:
1251:
1086:
1001:
856:
750:
712:
684:
634:
580:
511:
457:
420:
on the first of three voyages to explore the coast of Newfoundland and the
2002:
Canadian-American Center: Champlain and the Settlement of Acadia 1604-1607
1726:
5131:
4692:
4488:
4054:
3623:
2841:
2264:
1979:
Havard, Vidal, Histoire de L’Amérique française, Flammarion, 2003, p. 67.
1323:
to the United States in 1803. The French and their descendants left many
1179:
1043:
1008:
944:
927:
876:
867:. They discovered the sound and Port Royal Island, which would be called
605:
597:
507:
503:
493:
452:, in 1564, lasted only a year before being destroyed by the Spanish from
441:
310:
226:
208:
2404:
2388:
1805:
1637:, in front of present-day Rio de Janeiro, where they built a fort named
5166:
4450:
4161:
3550:
3212:
2944:
2815:
2754:
2556:(Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited, 1998.), a standard scholarly survey
1935:
1766:
1478:
1474:
1430:
1422:
1386:
1306:
1286:
1090:
895:
791:
716:
399:
298:
3502:
5505:
4970:
4573:
4283:
3560:
3555:
3462:
3412:
3381:
3344:
1606:
1602:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1167:
1110:
1099:
931:
704:
669:. The parish was the first French Catholic parish established on the
387:
2393:
Proceedings of the Meeting of the French Colonial Historical Society
1514:
1356:
969:
In 1608, Champlain founded a fur post that would become the city of
699:, transported aboard a French supply ship from the French colony of
5491:
5293:
3776:
3477:
2805:
2642:
La Nouvelle France: The Making of French Canada -A Cultural History
2219:
La Nouvelle-France: the making of French Canada: a cultural history
1414:
1340:
1328:
1317:
1032:
982:
918:
860:
683:
delivered 23 French women to the colony; passengers had contracted
535:
367:
302:
234:
3487:
2825:
2363:
Cat Island: The History of a Mississippi Gulf Coast Barrier Island
4127:
3369:
2874:
2810:
2389:"German Immigration to French Colonial Louisiana: A Reevaluation"
1837:
1825:
The colony did not last long. A Portuguese army assembled in the
1797:
1590:
1418:
1332:
1324:
1200:
888:
585:
444:, but left after a year when they were not resupplied by France.
370:
from the upper and lower parts of the harbor until 1609 when the
351:
314:
2319:
Historical Atlas of Canada: Volume I: From the Beginning to 1800
922:
Political map of the Northeastern part of North America in 1664.
424:. He founded New France by planting a cross on the shore of the
4167:
3026:
2851:
2762:
1654:
1598:
1458:
1360:
1243:
926:
The French interest in Canada focused first on fishing off the
894:
This irritated the Spanish who claimed Florida and opposed the
696:
688:
477:
465:
363:
1497:
of France, while St. Barthélemy and St. Martin each became an
4105:
2913:
2884:
2510:
Losing a Continent: France's North American Policy, 1753-1763
1409:
During the 17th and 18th centuries, France ruled much of the
1399:
1344:
1336:
1302:
1126:
began exploring the Mississippi River, known to the Sioux as
990:
986:
978:
907:
485:
468:), of which only five men survived the first winter. In 1604
282:
2078:, pp. 17–27. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2001.
1473:. Following the latter conflict, France retained control of
1019:, France took possession of the colony in 1632. The city of
390:
and English Newfoundland, thus promoting French interests.
2742:
2475:
is more properly applied to the European phase of the war.
1765:
The French colonial empire in the New World also included
362:. The French would take narrow land ports of the Boroughs
1661:
Indians of the region, who were fighting the Portuguese.
1230:
In 1718, there were only 700 Europeans in Louisiana. The
436:
in the area. A small group of French troops were left on
358:
for a route to the Pacific Ocean. He would find parts of
2277:
Quebec, Past and Present: a history of Quebec, 1608-1876
2232:
The French in early Florida: in the eye of the hurricane
1073:. The war against the Iroquois continued even after the
663:
Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier
574:
was established in Texas in 1685, but was gone by 1688.
5291:
2635:
France and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History
2599:
The French Founders of North America and Their Heritage
2584:, translated by Alan J. Singerman, Penn State UP, 2018
2519:
Habitants and Merchants in Seventeenth-Century Montreal
2139:"Early European Conquests and the Settlement of Mobile"
1153:
came down the Mississippi to its Delta. They left from
753:
colony. The British changed the name of Fort Condé to
2502:
Bibliography of Canadian history § Prior to 1763
2076:
Mobile : The New History of Alabama's First City
2039:, pages 106–107. Museum of the City of Mobile, 1977.
1957:"Western colonialism - European expansion since 1763"
1000:
and their tributaries. In 1634, the Normand explorer
627:
began with French colonists, who in 1702 constructed
2682:
Halford, Peter Wallace, and Pierre-Philippe Potier.
1069:. From 1689 to 1697, they fought the British in the
1004:
pushed his exploration to the West up to Wisconsin.
3707:
2628:
Frenchmen and French ways in the Mississippi Valley
1990:
The white and the gold: the French regime in Canada
2596:
2099:"Other Locations: Historic Fort Conde" (history),
476:founded a short-lived French colony, the first in
2037:Old Mobile: Fort Louis de la Louisiane, 1702–1711
5672:
1780:
1316:In 1802 Spain returned Louisiana to France, but
1385:A major French settlement lay on the island of
657:, to establish control over France's claims to
4638:Areas disputed by Canada and the United States
2691:Archéologie de l'Amérique coloniale française.
2689:Moussette, Marcel & Waselkov, Gregory A.:
2445:Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion
2293:Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV
1763:days and nights is nearly the same year round.
958:. It helped the foundation of a settlement on
562:established a network of forts going from the
5277:
4708:
4091:
3693:
2929:
2728:
1708:, with about 90 people, led by Captain Rosée.
1465:captured some of France's islands during the
173:
5614:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4643:Proposed provinces and territories of Canada
3802:Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories
2345:La Salle and the discovery of the Great West
2245:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés: Founder of Florida
2031:
2029:
2027:
1605:. The colony quickly became a haven for the
1007:Following the capitulation of Quebec by the
883:, moved to the south where they founded the
619:performing a tribal dance with Indian allies
2447:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 229.
1543:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
950:Champlain needed to report his findings to
5696:French exploration in the Age of Discovery
5284:
5270:
4722:
4715:
4701:
4098:
4084:
3700:
3686:
2936:
2922:
2735:
2721:
2173:Alabama Department of Archives and History
2143:Alabama Department of Archives and History
1720:
1269:was a leader of the settlement called the
1023:was founded in 1634. In 1642, the Angevin
655:Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville
590:Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville
180:
166:
4107:Former colonies and territories in Canada
2442:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2024:
1866:Former colonies and territories in Canada
1664:
1621:On November 1, 1555, French vice-admiral
1563:Learn how and when to remove this message
1389:, where France established the colony of
898:settlers for religious reasons. In 1565,
2686:(Presses de l'Université d'Ottawa, 1994)
2658:(University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013)
2594:
1792:located in the South American continent.
1784:
1751:
1616:
1376:
1221:
1217:
1109:
1037:
917:
838:
610:
403:
2386:
2161:
2131:
2019:The Pioneers of France in the New World
1926:List of French possessions and colonies
981:against their traditional enemies, the
934:was founded in 1600. Four years later,
560:René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle
5673:
2649:The Beginnings of New France 1524-1663
2554:The French in North America, 1500-1783
2359:
2169:"Mobile: Alabama's Tricentennial City"
2106:
2088:
2050:
1625:(1510–1575), a Catholic knight of the
528:Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve
5265:
4696:
4079:
3681:
3178:List of French forts in North America
2917:
2716:
2330:Bennett H Wall and John C. Rodrigue,
2306:A population history of North America
1921:List of French forts in North America
902:led a group of Spaniards and founded
346:. In 1524, Francis sent Italian-born
2623:(University of Illinois Press, 1965)
2621:The French in the Mississippi Valley
2321:(University of Toronto Press, 2016).
2247:(University of Florida Press, 1965).
1541:adding citations to reliable sources
1508:
1098:and decisive war began in 1754. The
943:(relation of his stay in a tribe of
913:
633:, at Twenty-seven Mile Bluff on the
5681:French colonization of the Americas
2959:French colonization of the Americas
2898:French colonization of the Americas
2559:Havard, Gilles, and CĂ©cile Vidal, "
1836:, in 1626, 1635 (when the capital,
1611:destroyed by the Portuguese in 1567
1394:successful slave revolt, began the
1381:Saint-Domingue slave revolt in 1791
1185:Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville
1166:. He believed that it was close to
456:. An attempt to settle convicts on
13:
1906:French presence in the Ohio Valley
1842:Compagnie de la France Ă©quinoxiale
1199:city of New Orleans, in homage to
851:, under the leadership of Admiral
558:. At the end of the 17th century,
416:In 1534, Francis I of France sent
14:
5707:
2693:Lévesque éditeur, Montréal 2014.
2486:Constructing Early Modern Empires
1840:, was founded) and 1643. Twice a
1641:. The fort was named in honor of
1248:recently fallen under French rule
1210:drew the orthogonal plane of the
1025:Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière
1013:Company of One Hundred Associates
875:, on which he built a fort named
834:
526:founded Trois-Rivières. In 1642,
484:, presently part of the state of
134:Colonization of the United States
5490:
5457:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4674:
4662:
4661:
4633:Territorial evolution after 1867
3775:
3709:
3662:
3661:
3587:Military history of the Acadians
3335:Seigneurial system of New France
2672:(Presses Université Laval, 2006)
2530:The Canadian Frontier, 1534-1760
2360:Cuevas, John (10 January 2014).
1513:
1504:
786:To boost the French population,
332:
149:
36:
16:Part of France's colonial empire
3011:History of the French-Americans
2478:
2461:
2436:
2411:
2380:
2353:
2337:
2324:
2311:
2298:
2285:
2269:
2250:
2237:
2224:
2211:
2200:
2191:
1285:resulted in the dissolution of
1017:Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
671:Gulf Coast of the United States
393:
3340:Criminal justice in New France
2969:Timeline of New France history
2943:
2068:
2011:
1995:
1982:
1973:
1949:
1623:Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon
1366:
1276:
1267:Charles Frederick d'Arensbourg
1242:, particularly Germans of the
1160:Secretary of State of the Navy
996:, to move quickly through the
637:, as the first capital of the
350:to explore the region between
1:
3330:Custom of Paris in New France
2495:
2443:Rodriguez, Junius P. (2007).
1901:French intervention in Mexico
1781:History of France Ă©quinoxiale
1079:War of the Spanish Succession
887:on the Saint John's river in
581:Fort Pontchartrain du DĂ©troit
438:Parris Island, South Carolina
412:by Théophile Hamel, arr. 1844
337:
5009:Central banks and currencies
4539:British Columbia (1866–1871)
4534:British Columbia (1858–1866)
2662:
1575:
1105:
881:René Goulaine de Laudonnière
736:Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon
576:Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac
7:
5292:French colonization of the
4966:Liberalism and conservatism
3988:Archaeology of the Americas
2275:James MacPherson Le Moine,
2234:(U Press of Florida, 2000).
1896:French in the United States
1848:
1313:are still in French hands.
1162:to give him the command of
1118:On May 17, 1673, explorers
651:Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville
623:The European settlement of
602:Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville
566:to the Great Lakes and the
448:established in present-day
10:
5712:
4961:International peacekeeping
4768:Latin American integration
4446:British Arctic Territories
3277:Governor of Trois-Rivières
2499:
2488:(Brill, 2007) pp. 163-188.
2387:Kondert, Reinhart (1979).
1755:
1579:
1370:
1176:Pierre LeMoyne d'Iberville
827:
630:Fort Louis de la Louisiane
397:
269:in the United States; and
5632:
5599:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
5499:
5488:
5300:
5241:
5191:
5182:
5100:
5048:
5041:
4992:
4983:
4933:
4926:
4909:
4902:
4842:
4791:
4740:
4731:
4656:
4625:
4602:
4421:
4398:
4377:
4354:
4321:
4269:
4146:
4113:
4016:
3980:
3939:
3898:
3857:
3784:
3773:
3722:
3657:
3629:Expulsion of the Acadians
3574:
3538:
3443:
3420:Company of 100 Associates
3390:
3322:
3246:
3233:Fort St. Louis (Illinois)
3170:
3080:
3019:
2951:
2903:French West India Company
2893:
2865:
2796:
2753:
2679:(Editions du FĂ©lin, 2008)
2619:McDermott, John Francis.
492:, located in present-day
344:Francis I, King of France
5619:Turks and Caicos Islands
3998:North American timelines
3624:French and Iroquois Wars
2626:McDermott, John F., ed.
2595:Holbrook, Sabra (1976),
1942:
1681:, including theologians
1679:Philippe de Corguilleray
1311:Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
900:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
554:(1671) and explored the
506:(1608) and explored the
5196:Countries by population
4753:Portuguese colonization
4549:North-Western Territory
4524:Queen Charlotte Islands
3993:North America by period
3832:Portuguese colonization
3716:History of the Americas
3634:Great Peace of Montreal
3435:Compagnie de l'Occident
3006:History of the Acadians
2837:Saint Kitts & Nevis
2103:, Mobile, Alabama, 2006
2006:The University of Maine
1992:(Doubleday, 2012) ch 1.
1961:Encyclopedia Britannica
1827:Captaincy of Pernambuco
1721:Portuguese intervention
745:was signed, ending the
327:Saint-Louis de Maragnan
197:colonizing the Americas
5691:French colonial empire
5686:Former French colonies
5534:British Virgin Islands
5070:Latin American studies
3947:Pre-Columbian cultures
3582:Military of New France
3508:Gens de couleur libres
3238:Fort St. Louis (Texas)
3223:Fortress of Louisbourg
3047:(1682–1763, 1801–1803)
2964:French colonial empire
2744:Former French colonies
2677:La RĂ©volte des Natchez
2603:, New York: Atheneum,
2243:Bartolome Barrientos,
1931:Military of New France
1886:French colonial empire
1881:French and Indian Wars
1876:Franco-Indian alliance
1845:department of France.
1793:
1665:1557 Calvinist arrival
1382:
1227:
1115:
1067:French and Indian Wars
1047:
956:Pierre Du Gua de Monts
923:
844:
830:Franco-Indian alliance
823:Father Le Loutre's War
815:French and Indian Wars
800:
784:
691:. Though most of the "
620:
534:which is now known as
470:Pierre Du Gua de Monts
413:
348:Giovanni da Verrazzano
216:French colonial empire
129:Colonization of Canada
5447:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4003:Mesoamerica by period
3817:European colonization
3797:Indigenous population
2500:Further information:
2469:French and Indian War
2197:Quoted in Cave, p. 42
2114:"Historic Fort Conde"
1788:
1775:Treaty of Tordesillas
1752:2. Equinoctial France
1617:1555 First settlement
1609:, and was ultimately
1499:overseas collectivity
1489:, and its portion of
1380:
1371:Further information:
1363:original heartlands.
1283:French and Indian War
1225:
1218:Louisiana immigration
1145:In 1682, the Normand
1113:
1041:
921:
843:Map of French Florida
842:
811:French and Indian War
796:
774:
730:was moved in 1720 to
614:
450:Jacksonville, Florida
407:
386:to that land between
207:. France established
28:European colonization
5024:Water and sanitation
4748:Spanish colonization
4648:Population of Canada
4499:Prince Edward Island
4008:Mesoamerica timeline
3921:Indigenous languages
3837:British colonization
3822:Spanish colonization
3807:Christopher Columbus
3762:Andean South America
3282:Governor of Montreal
3188:Fort Michilimackinac
2996:1763 Treaty of Paris
2755:French North America
2547:Essays on New France
2419:"Hispaniola Article"
2332:Louisiana: A History
1988:Thomas B. Co-stain,
1814:. This later became
1746:imposed final defeat
1537:improve this section
1147:Cavelier de la Salle
879:. The group, led by
645:. It was founded by
568:Saint Lawrence River
5624:U.S. Virgin Islands
5467:Trinidad and Tobago
5312:Antigua and Barbuda
4758:French colonization
4441:Newfoundland (1583)
4050:Classical Antiquity
3827:French colonization
3430:Mississippi Company
2633:Marshall, Bill,ed.
2507:Brecher, Frank W.
2074:Thomason, Michael.
2035:Higginbotham, Jay.
1802:François de Razilly
1501:of France in 2007.
1495:overseas department
1263:Mississippi Company
1232:Mississippi Company
594:La Nouvelle Orléans
524:Sieur de Laviolette
500:Samuel de Champlain
474:Samuel de Champlain
22:Part of a series on
5377:Dominican Republic
5092:Race and ethnicity
5058:Illegal drug trade
4472:Nova Scotia (1710)
4336:Nova Scotia (1621)
4138:L'Anse aux Meadows
3952:Indigenous peoples
3844:Columbian Exchange
3792:Indigenous peoples
3602:King William's War
3597:Intercolonial Wars
2880:France Antarctique
2867:Equinoctial France
2830:Dominican Republic
2582:Posthumous America
2578:Hoffmann, Benjamin
2566:2009-10-05 at the
2535:2012-05-27 at the
2179:on August 10, 2007
1911:French West Indies
1794:
1758:Equinoctial France
1643:Gaspard de Coligny
1587:France Antarctique
1582:France Antarctique
1404:Dominican Republic
1396:Haitian Revolution
1383:
1373:French West Indies
1228:
1116:
1075:Treaty of Rijswijk
1048:
960:Saint Croix Island
924:
891:on June 22, 1564.
853:Gaspard de Coligny
845:
788:Cardinal Richelieu
621:
548:Sault Sainte Marie
516:La Baye des Puants
482:Saint Croix Island
422:St. Lawrence River
414:
205:Western Hemisphere
156:History portal
5668:
5667:
5259:
5258:
5237:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5037:
5036:
5029:Wealth inequality
4979:
4978:
4951:Drug legalization
4946:Conservative wave
4922:
4921:
4898:
4897:
4875:League of Nations
4843:Foreign relations
4690:
4689:
4681:Canada portal
4519:Columbia District
4346:Port Royal Colony
4313:Pacific Northwest
4123:Named territories
4073:
4072:
4045:Pre-Columbian era
3870:Pre-Columbian era
3675:
3674:
3612:King George's War
3592:Acadian Civil War
3539:Missionary groups
3530:Intellectual life
3267:Sovereign Council
3001:History of Quebec
2911:
2910:
2707:978-2-924186-39-8
2699:978-2-924186-38-1
2610:978-0-689-30490-3
2590:978-0-271-08007-9
2454:978-0-313-33272-2
2343:Francis Parkman,
2291:Francis Parkman,
2230:John T. McGrath,
2061:Thomason (2001),
2017:Francis Parkman,
1916:History of Canada
1737:Manuel da NĂłbrega
1573:
1572:
1565:
1124:Jacques Marquette
1095:Thirteen Colonies
1083:Treaty of Utrecht
947:near Tadoussac).
914:Canada and Acadia
819:Father Rale's War
556:Mississippi River
544:Jacques Marquette
440:in 1562 to build
201:a colonial empire
190:
189:
5703:
5589:Saint Barthélemy
5549:Falkland Islands
5494:
5286:
5279:
5272:
5263:
5262:
5213:Spanish language
5189:
5188:
5046:
5045:
4990:
4989:
4931:
4930:
4907:
4906:
4773:Great Depression
4738:
4737:
4717:
4710:
4703:
4694:
4693:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4665:
4664:
4617:Sverdrup Islands
4613:
4565:
4529:Vancouver Island
4437:
4409:
4386:
4365:
4342:
4332:
4304:
4290:
4280:
4213:
4157:
4134:
4124:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4077:
4076:
4035:Three-age system
3779:
3714:
3713:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3679:
3678:
3665:
3664:
3644:Schenectady Raid
3617:Seven Years' War
3607:Queen Anne's War
3473:King's Daughters
3425:Crozat's Company
3408:Coureur des bois
3350:Superior Council
3272:Bishop of Quebec
3257:Governor General
3198:Fort de Chartres
3057:Illinois Country
2938:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2798:French Caribbean
2778:Terre Neuve
2737:
2730:
2723:
2714:
2713:
2675:Balvay, Arnaud.
2668:Balvay, Arnaud.
2647:Trudel, Marcel.
2640:Moogk, Peter N.
2613:
2602:
2516:DechĂŞne, Louise
2489:
2482:
2476:
2473:Seven Years' War
2465:
2459:
2458:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2357:
2351:
2341:
2335:
2328:
2322:
2317:R. Cole Harris,
2315:
2309:
2302:
2296:
2289:
2283:
2273:
2267:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2222:
2217:Peter N. Moogk,
2215:
2209:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2175:. Archived from
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2149:on July 16, 2011
2145:. Archived from
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2118:Museum of Mobile
2110:
2104:
2101:Museum of Mobile
2097:
2086:
2072:
2066:
2059:
2048:
2033:
2022:
2015:
2009:
1999:
1993:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1953:
1891:French in Canada
1771:Antarctic France
1733:José de Anchieta
1568:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1517:
1509:
1467:Seven Years' War
1208:Adrian de Pauger
1206:. The architect
1149:and the Italian
1060:King's Daughters
1056:Royal Government
1015:. Following the
807:King's Daughters
782:
781:Francis Parkman.
747:Seven Years' War
667:Bishop of Quebec
572:Fort Saint Louis
532:Fort Ville-Marie
464:(in present-day
434:Native Americans
291:Fort Saint-Louis
182:
175:
168:
154:
153:
152:
40:
19:
18:
5711:
5710:
5706:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5701:
5700:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5642:Central America
5628:
5503:
5495:
5486:
5303:
5296:
5290:
5260:
5255:
5229:
5218:Latin Americans
5178:
5096:
5033:
5014:Stock exchanges
4975:
4918:
4894:
4838:
4787:
4727:
4721:
4691:
4686:
4675:
4673:
4652:
4621:
4611:
4598:
4564:Important sites
4563:
4435:
4426:
4417:
4407:
4394:
4384:
4373:
4369:Russian America
4363:
4350:
4340:
4330:
4317:
4302:
4294:Fort San Miguel
4289:Important sites
4288:
4278:
4265:
4221:Annapolis Royal
4212:Important sites
4211:
4155:
4142:
4132:
4122:
4109:
4104:
4074:
4069:
4040:Ancient history
4012:
3976:
3935:
3894:
3853:
3780:
3771:
3742:Central America
3718:
3708:
3706:
3676:
3671:
3653:
3570:
3546:Jesuit missions
3534:
3483:Casquette girls
3439:
3386:
3355:Admiralty court
3318:
3242:
3166:
3083:
3076:
3015:
2974:Beginnings–1533
2947:
2942:
2912:
2907:
2889:
2861:
2792:
2749:
2747:in the Americas
2741:
2665:
2654:White, Sophie.
2644:(2000). 340 pp.
2611:
2574:(July 2007) v 7
2568:Wayback Machine
2537:Wayback Machine
2504:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2483:
2479:
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2412:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2358:
2354:
2342:
2338:
2329:
2325:
2316:
2312:
2308:(2000): 99-142.
2303:
2299:
2290:
2286:
2274:
2270:
2255:
2251:
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2238:
2229:
2225:
2216:
2212:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2167:
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2137:
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2132:
2122:
2120:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2098:
2089:
2073:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2012:
2000:
1996:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1965:
1963:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1861:Canadian French
1851:
1824:
1820:Capuchin friars
1809:
1783:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1730:
1723:
1667:
1619:
1584:
1578:
1569:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1534:
1518:
1507:
1471:Napoleonic Wars
1411:Lesser Antilles
1375:
1369:
1279:
1246:region who had
1220:
1204:Duke of Orleans
1155:Fort Crevecoeur
1140:the great river
1108:
1071:Nine Years' War
916:
904:Saint Augustine
859:and a group of
837:
832:
783:
780:
770:Francis Parkman
759:Queen Charlotte
743:Treaty of Paris
726:The capital of
647:French Canadian
625:Mobile, Alabama
426:Gaspé Peninsula
418:Jacques Cartier
410:Jacques Cartier
402:
396:
360:New York Harbor
340:
335:
186:
150:
148:
143:
30:of the Americas
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5709:
5699:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5666:
5665:
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5655:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5604:Sint Eustatius
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5539:Cayman Islands
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5510:
5508:
5497:
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5489:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
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5459:
5454:
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5364:
5359:
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5192:
5186:
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5129:
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4958:
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4948:
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4935:
4928:
4924:
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4919:
4917:
4916:
4910:
4904:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4887:
4885:United Kingdom
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4846:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4763:Decolonization
4760:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726: articles
4720:
4719:
4712:
4705:
4697:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4684:
4670:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4651:
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4645:
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4620:
4619:
4614:
4608:
4606:
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4591:
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4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
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4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
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4491:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4432:
4430:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4390:Oregon Country
4387:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4327:
4325:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4275:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4232:Trois-Rivières
4229:
4224:
4214:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4198:Pays d'en Haut
4195:
4190:
4188:Domaine du roy
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4158:
4152:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4119:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4102:
4095:
4088:
4080:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4060:Modern history
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3849:Decolonization
3846:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3649:Deerfield Raid
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3110:Trois-Rivières
3107:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3088:
3086:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3072:Domaine du roy
3069:
3067:Pays d'en Haut
3064:
3059:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2871:
2869:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2857:Virgin Islands
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2821:Saint-Domingue
2818:
2816:The Grenadines
2813:
2808:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2783:French Florida
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2740:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2592:
2575:
2557:
2550:
2541:
2523:
2514:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2477:
2460:
2453:
2435:
2423:Britannica.com
2410:
2379:
2372:
2352:
2336:
2323:
2310:
2297:
2284:
2268:
2249:
2236:
2223:
2210:
2199:
2190:
2160:
2130:
2105:
2087:
2067:
2049:
2023:
2010:
1994:
1981:
1972:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1856:Atlantic World
1852:
1850:
1847:
1782:
1779:
1756:Main article:
1753:
1750:
1722:
1719:
1713:together with
1710:
1709:
1702:
1699:Grande Roberge
1695:
1692:Petite Roberge
1683:Pierre Richier
1671:Grande Roberge
1666:
1663:
1651:King of France
1627:Order of Malta
1618:
1615:
1595:Rio de Janeiro
1580:Main article:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1521:
1519:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1487:St. Barthélemy
1435:St. Barthélemy
1391:Saint-Domingue
1368:
1365:
1307:Valley of Ohio
1278:
1275:
1219:
1216:
1151:Henri de Tonti
1132:Miami-Illinois
1107:
1104:
1021:Trois-Rivières
915:
912:
873:South Carolina
865:French Florida
836:
835:French Florida
833:
778:
755:Fort Charlotte
721:Antoine Crozat
701:Saint-Domingue
588:) in 1701 and
564:Gulf of Mexico
398:Main article:
395:
392:
339:
336:
334:
331:
271:Port-au-Prince
251:Cape Girardeau
231:Trois-Rivières
220:Spanish Empire
188:
187:
185:
184:
177:
170:
162:
159:
158:
145:
144:
142:
141:
139:Decolonization
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
45:
42:
41:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5708:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5661:
5660:
5659:South America
5656:
5654:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5637:North America
5635:
5634:
5631:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5554:French Guiana
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5507:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5472:United States
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5305:
5299:
5295:
5287:
5282:
5280:
5275:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5208:Ethnic groups
5206:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5175:
5172:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5099:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5040:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4982:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4929:
4925:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4901:
4891:
4890:United States
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4841:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4804:Environmental
4802:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4790:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4730:
4725:
4724:Latin America
4718:
4713:
4711:
4706:
4704:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4683:
4682:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4618:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4574:Avalon (1620)
4572:
4570:
4567:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4554:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4514:New Caledonia
4512:
4510:
4509:United Canada
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4494:New Brunswick
4492:
4490:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4467:Rupert's Land
4465:
4463:
4462:New Yorkshire
4460:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4424:
4420:
4414:
4411:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4388:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4370:
4367:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4347:
4344:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4260:List of forts
4257:
4255:
4254:
4253:List of towns
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4136:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3971:
3970:South America
3968:
3966:
3965:North America
3963:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3865:Paleo-Indians
3863:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3778:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3757:South America
3755:
3753:
3752:Latin America
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:North America
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3712:
3703:
3698:
3696:
3691:
3689:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3668:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3528:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3398:Chemin du Roy
3396:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3218:Fort Duquesne
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3208:Fort Carillon
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3193:Fort de Buade
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3079:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2847:Saint Vincent
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2738:
2733:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2552:Eccles, W.J.
2551:
2548:
2545:
2544:Eccles, W. J.
2542:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2526:Eccles, W. J.
2524:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2487:
2481:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2456:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2424:
2420:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2383:
2375:
2373:9780786485789
2369:
2366:. McFarland.
2365:
2364:
2356:
2350:
2346:
2340:
2333:
2327:
2320:
2314:
2307:
2301:
2294:
2288:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2246:
2240:
2233:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2203:
2194:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2085:
2084:0-8173-1065-7
2081:
2077:
2071:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2046:
2045:0-914334-03-4
2042:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2020:
2014:
2007:
2004:Published by
2003:
1998:
1991:
1985:
1976:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1948:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1834:French Guiana
1830:
1828:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1791:
1790:French Guiana
1787:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1741:Estácio de Sá
1738:
1734:
1728:
1718:
1716:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1686:composed of:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1635:Guanabara Bay
1632:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1567:
1564:
1556:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1522:This section
1520:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1505:South America
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1483:Marie-Galante
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1463:Great Britain
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1427:Marie-Galante
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1379:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1349:Coeur d'Alene
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1295:Great Britain
1292:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1254:to emigrate.
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:Louis Jolliet
1112:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1054:provided the
1053:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
948:
946:
942:
937:
933:
929:
920:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
892:
890:
886:
885:Fort Caroline
882:
878:
874:
870:
869:Parris Island
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
841:
831:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
799:
795:
793:
789:
777:
773:
771:
767:
762:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
741:In 1763, the
739:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
718:
714:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
687:at a stop in
686:
682:
681:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
639:French colony
636:
632:
631:
626:
618:
613:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:Louis Jolliet
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
518:(present-day
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:St. Augustine
451:
447:
446:Fort Caroline
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
411:
406:
401:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
333:North America
330:
329:) in Brazil.
328:
324:
320:
319:French Guiana
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
293:(formerly as
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
223:
221:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
183:
178:
176:
171:
169:
164:
163:
161:
160:
157:
147:
146:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
70:
67:
65:
62:
60:
57:
55:
52:
50:
47:
46:
44:
43:
39:
35:
34:
31:
26:
25:
21:
20:
5657:
5609:Sint Maarten
5594:Saint Martin
5501:Dependencies
5184:Demographics
4778:World War II
4757:
4672:
4660:
4594:Fort Langley
4579:York Factory
4569:Cuper's Cove
4308:Newfoundland
4298:Nootka Sound
4258:
4251:
4173:Isle St-Jean
4160:
4147:
3826:
3639:Lachine Raid
3376:Maréchaussée
3374:
3298:Terre-Neuve
3203:Fort Detroit
3183:Fort Rouillé
3156:Terre-Neuve
3062:Ohio Country
2958:
2897:
2788:French Texas
2746:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2637:(3 Vol 2005)
2634:
2627:
2620:
2598:
2581:
2572:Common-Place
2571:
2553:
2546:
2528:
2517:
2508:
2485:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2444:
2438:
2426:. Retrieved
2422:
2413:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2362:
2355:
2344:
2339:
2331:
2326:
2318:
2313:
2305:
2300:
2292:
2287:
2276:
2271:
2256:
2252:
2244:
2239:
2231:
2226:
2218:
2213:
2202:
2193:
2181:. Retrieved
2177:the original
2172:
2163:
2151:. Retrieved
2147:the original
2142:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2117:
2108:
2075:
2070:
2065:, pp. 20–21.
2062:
2036:
2018:
2013:
1997:
1989:
1984:
1975:
1964:. Retrieved
1960:
1951:
1871:Francization
1831:
1795:
1761:
1724:
1715:Jean de LĂ©ry
1711:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1639:Fort Coligny
1620:
1585:
1559:
1550:
1535:Please help
1523:
1408:
1384:
1315:
1280:
1271:German Coast
1260:
1256:
1229:
1197:
1173:
1144:
1139:
1136:missisipioui
1135:
1127:
1117:
1087:Newfoundland
1064:
1055:
1049:
1006:
1002:Jean Nicolet
968:
949:
940:
925:
893:
857:Jean Ribault
846:
801:
797:
785:
775:
766:MĂ©tis people
763:
751:West Florida
740:
728:La Louisiane
725:
713:Mobile River
709:
692:
685:yellow fever
679:
676:In 1704 the
675:
659:La Louisiane
658:
643:La Louisiane
635:Mobile River
628:
622:
593:
584:(modern-day
579:
552:Saint Ignace
515:
512:Jean Nicolet
498:
458:Sable Island
415:
408:Portrait of
394:Colonization
383:
379:
356:Newfoundland
341:
326:
325:(founded as
306:
305:(founded as
294:
287:Saint-Pierre
279:Cap-Français
278:
277:(founded as
224:
213:
191:
78:
5579:Puerto Rico
5506:territories
5452:Saint Lucia
5387:El Salvador
5174:Video games
5002:Agroecology
4997:Agriculture
4880:South Korea
4783:Debt crisis
4504:Cape Breton
4457:New Britain
4303:Expeditions
4203:Terre Neuve
4055:Middle Ages
3812:Exploration
3737:Mesoamerica
3493:Amerindians
3456:1666 census
3365:Officiality
3360:Provostship
3247:Governments
3228:Castle Hill
3150:New Orleans
3126:ĂŽle Royale
3105:Quebec City
3053:(1713–1763)
3041:(1662–1713)
3039:Terre-Neuve
3035:(1608–1763)
3029:(1604–1713)
2842:Saint Lucia
2334:(2014( ch 1
2183:October 20,
2153:October 20,
2123:October 18,
1455:St. Vincent
1367:West Indies
1277:Dissolution
1238:encouraged
1180:La Rochelle
1128:does Tongo,
1044:Herman Moll
1029:Ville-Marie
998:Great Lakes
928:Grand Banks
877:Charlesfort
817:as well as
606:Baton Rouge
600:) in 1718.
598:New Orleans
550:(1668) and
510:. In 1634,
508:Great Lakes
494:Nova Scotia
442:Charlesfort
311:Saint Lucia
275:Cap-HaĂŻtien
267:New Orleans
263:Baton Rouge
237:in Canada;
89:Hospitaller
5675:Categories
5574:Montserrat
5569:Martinique
5564:Guadeloupe
5362:Costa Rica
5167:Telenovela
5157:Television
5137:Literature
4934:Governance
4819:Literature
4451:New Albion
4413:Nova Dania
4242:Louisbourg
4217:Port Royal
4178:ĂŽle Royale
4162:New France
3981:Chronology
3961:Conflicts
3957:Population
3785:Settlement
3566:Sulpicians
3523:card money
3451:Population
3345:Intendancy
3308:Louisiane
3213:Fort Condé
3136:Louisiane
3130:Louisbourg
3095:Port Royal
3051:ĂŽle Royale
2945:New France
2496:References
1966:2021-08-20
1936:New France
1823:Religion).
1767:New France
1553:April 2016
1491:St. Martin
1479:Martinique
1475:Guadeloupe
1451:St. Martin
1431:Martinique
1423:Guadeloupe
1387:Hispaniola
1287:New France
1250:, and the
1212:Old Square
1130:or to the
1091:Hudson Bay
989:made from
964:Port-Royal
945:Montagnais
896:Protestant
849:Charles IX
828:See also:
792:Ordonnance
717:Mobile Bay
530:, founded
490:Port Royal
400:New France
338:Background
299:Martinique
295:Fort Royal
214:The first
104:Portuguese
49:First wave
5647:Caribbean
5559:Greenland
5482:Venezuela
5427:Nicaragua
5397:Guatemala
5317:Argentina
5302:Sovereign
5162:Companies
5077:Etiquette
5065:Education
4971:Pink tide
4956:Falangism
4941:Democracy
4903:Geography
4814:Libraries
4741:By period
4604:Norwegian
4559:Red River
4553:districts
4284:New Spain
4247:Plaisance
4193:Louisiana
4030:By region
4025:By period
3926:Epidemics
3916:Geography
3858:Societies
3747:Caribbean
3561:Ursulines
3556:Grey Nuns
3551:RĂ©collets
3468:Canadiens
3463:Habitants
3413:Voyageurs
3403:Fur trade
3382:Code Noir
3262:Intendant
3160:Plaisance
3082:Towns and
3045:Louisiana
2989:1663–1759
2984:1608–1662
2979:1534–1607
2768:Louisiana
2701:(print);
2663:In French
2428:4 January
2399:: 70–81.
1727:Mem de Sá
1659:Tupinambá
1607:Huguenots
1603:Cabo Frio
1576:1. Brazil
1524:does not
1447:St. Lucia
1443:St. Kitts
1439:St. Croix
1353:Nez Percé
1341:ethnonyms
1339:...) and
1301:going to
1299:Louisiana
1293:going to
1281:The last
1195:in 1702.
1174:In 1698,
1168:New Spain
1164:Louisiana
1106:Louisiana
1100:Canadiens
1052:Louis XIV
936:Champlain
932:Tadoussac
847:In 1562,
803:Louis XIV
794:of 1627:
705:Caribbean
649:brothers
617:Frontenac
615:Governor
608:in 1719.
520:Green Bay
462:Tadoussac
430:Cap-Rouge
388:New Spain
384:Nova Gall
380:Francesca
247:St. Louis
243:Green Bay
5514:Anguilla
5462:Suriname
5437:Paraguay
5412:Honduras
5372:Dominica
5357:Colombia
5327:Barbados
5294:Americas
5246:Category
5152:Religion
5087:HIV/AIDS
5082:Feminism
4927:Politics
4829:BrujerĂa
4824:Military
4799:Catholic
4792:By topic
4667:Category
4589:Victoria
4544:Stickeen
4378:American
4323:Scottish
4237:Montreal
3767:Genetics
3667:Category
3518:Currency
3478:Acadians
3312:Governor
3302:Governor
3292:Governor
3115:Montreal
3084:villages
3020:Colonies
2806:Dominica
2564:Archived
2533:Archived
2405:45137327
2347:(1891).
2279:(1876).
2265:71251137
1849:See also
1816:SĂŁo LuĂs
1812:Louis IX
1806:MaranhĂŁo
1725:In 1560
1647:Henry II
1631:Serigipe
1469:and the
1415:Dominica
1329:Illinois
1325:toponyms
1318:Napoleon
1244:Alsatian
1236:John Law
1033:Montreal
1027:founded
983:Iroquois
952:Henry IV
861:Huguenot
779:—
772:stated:
757:, after
604:founded
592:founded
578:founded
546:founded
536:Montreal
514:founded
502:founded
374:and the
368:Brooklyn
323:SĂŁo LuĂs
307:Carénage
303:Castries
235:Montreal
209:colonies
114:Scottish
64:Curonian
5544:Curaçao
5529:Bonaire
5524:Bermuda
5477:Uruguay
5417:Jamaica
5392:Grenada
5382:Ecuador
5337:Bolivia
5322:Bahamas
5127:Cuisine
5102:Culture
5042:Society
5019:Tourism
4985:Economy
4914:Regions
4834:Slavery
4733:History
4626:Related
4584:Halifax
4428:British
4423:English
4356:Russian
4271:Spanish
4128:Vinland
3931:Slavery
3911:Culture
3899:Related
3724:History
3513:Alcohol
3503:Plaçage
3498:Slavery
3444:Society
3391:Economy
3370:Bailiff
3288:Acadie
3253:Canada
3120:DĂ©troit
3101:Canada
3091:Acadie
2952:History
2875:Berbice
2811:Grenada
2709:(eBook)
2467:As the
2221:(2000).
2021:(1865).
1838:Cayenne
1798:Cancale
1633:in the
1591:Equator
1545:removed
1530:sources
1419:Grenada
1333:Vermont
1321:sold it
1289:, with
1240:Germans
1031:(later
941:Savages
889:Florida
703:in the
693:PĂ©lican
680:PĂ©lican
586:Detroit
372:British
352:Florida
315:Cayenne
239:Detroit
203:in the
124:Swedish
119:Spanish
109:Russian
94:Italian
59:British
5432:Panama
5422:Mexico
5402:Guyana
5347:Canada
5342:Brazil
5332:Belize
5304:states
5251:Portal
5201:Cities
5115:Cinema
4850:Canada
4809:Jewish
4612:Claims
4489:Canada
4477:Quebec
4436:Claims
4408:Claims
4400:Danish
4385:Claims
4364:Claims
4331:Claims
4279:Claims
4227:Quebec
4183:Canada
4168:Acadia
4156:Claims
4148:French
4133:Sites:
4065:Future
3885:Muisca
3145:Biloxi
3140:Mobile
3033:Canada
3027:Acadia
2852:Tobago
2773:Canada
2763:Acadia
2705:
2697:
2651:(1973)
2630:(1969)
2607:
2588:
2549:(1988)
2540:(1983)
2522:(2003)
2513:(1998)
2451:
2403:
2370:
2349:online
2295:(1877)
2281:online
2263:
2082:
2063:Mobile
2043:
1655:Tamoio
1649:, the
1599:Brazil
1459:Tobago
1361:Acadia
1357:Québec
1337:Bayous
1291:Canada
1201:Regent
1193:Mobile
1189:Biloxi
987:canoes
979:Ottawa
971:Quebec
732:Biloxi
697:slaves
689:Havana
504:Quebec
478:Acadia
466:Quebec
364:Queens
259:Biloxi
255:Mobile
227:Quebec
195:began
193:France
84:German
79:French
69:Danish
54:Basque
5519:Aruba
5407:Haiti
5352:Chile
5147:Music
5142:Media
5132:Dance
5120:Films
5053:Crime
4870:Japan
4865:Italy
4860:India
4855:China
4486:Upper
4482:Lower
4341:Sites
4115:Norse
3940:Lists
3875:Aztec
3488:MĂ©tis
3171:Forts
2885:Inini
2826:HaĂŻti
2401:JSTOR
1943:Notes
1706:Rosée
1593:, in
1400:Haiti
1345:Sioux
1303:Spain
1252:Swiss
1178:left
1009:Kirke
991:birch
975:Huron
908:storm
855:sent
678:ship
486:Maine
480:, on
376:Dutch
309:) in
297:) in
283:Haiti
281:) in
99:Norse
74:Dutch
5584:Saba
5504:and
5442:Peru
5367:Cuba
5223:List
4484:and
3906:Maps
3890:Inca
3880:Maya
3575:Wars
3323:Laws
2703:ISBN
2695:ISBN
2605:ISBN
2586:ISBN
2449:ISBN
2430:2014
2368:ISBN
2261:OCLC
2185:2007
2155:2007
2125:2007
2080:ISBN
2041:ISBN
1735:and
1704:The
1697:The
1690:The
1657:and
1528:any
1526:cite
1457:and
1359:and
1297:and
1261:The
1122:and
1089:and
994:bark
977:and
821:and
715:and
653:and
542:and
472:and
382:and
366:and
354:and
321:and
289:and
265:and
233:and
5110:Art
4453:(?)
4425:and
4021:Era
2570:,"
1539:by
1187:to
1134:as
871:in
825:).
641:of
317:in
229:,
5677::
4296:,
4023::
2828:,
2580:,
2421:.
2395:.
2391:.
2171:.
2141:.
2116:.
2090:^
2052:^
2026:^
1959:.
1777:.
1613:.
1597:,
1485:,
1481:,
1477:,
1453:,
1449:,
1445:,
1441:,
1437:,
1433:,
1429:,
1425:,
1421:,
1417:,
1406:.
1351:,
1347:,
1335:,
1331:,
1214:.
966:.
761:.
738:.
673:.
665:,
570:.
538:.
496:.
313:,
301:,
285:,
273:,
261:,
257:,
253:,
249:,
245:,
241:,
222:.
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4716:e
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4551:(
4223:)
4219:(
4099:e
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3701:e
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2457:.
2432:.
2407:.
2397:4
2376:.
2187:.
2157:.
2127:.
2047:.
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