969:
984:
38:
in 53 thematic divisions, extending to some 4,700 verses. The work was extremely popular in the German Middle Ages and is transmitted in numerous manuscripts, as well as in a Latin translation (
121:, its author was educated in writing and proper speech, and it is likely that he was a cleric by education. It seems likely that in 1228–1229 he was involved in the
182:
in 53 thematic divisions and about 4,700 verses which encapsulate the folk wisdom and experience of the period. Critical editions of the work were published by
72:) literally translates to "free thought"; passages in Freidank's poetry allude to the freedom of thought, and the name may be an assumed epithet, although
826:
1033:
952:
891:
1028:
1023:
160:
in 1465. Gion (1870) argued that the
Freidank buried in Treviso died in the 1380s and is not to be confused with the author of the
50:
Nothing about
Freidank's life is known with certainty, such hypotheses as there are based on the language and content of his work
993:
798:
217:. The name of Freidank became a standard authority for wise sayings, and was often invoked as the author of gnomic sayings.
1038:
903:
541:
130:
189:
Due to its linguistic elegance, the work was very popular throughout the late medieval period and well into the
877:
1018:
1013:
527:
1043:
103:
178:
was composed in the early 13th century, between about 1215 and 1230. It is a collection of rhyming
997:
277:
859:
843:
126:
789:
731:
8:
227:
111:
946:
932:(1558) attributes a saying to Freidank that is not actually found in any known text of
190:
24:
202:
106:. This hypothesis was immediately rejected by the majority of scholars; according to
90:(but it has been argued that this may in fact be a reference to the poet himself.).
988:
443:
153:
210:
55:
27:
936:, "Freidank spricht 'schweigen ist gar gut, reden besser, wer im recht thut.'"
206:
149:
978:
186:(1834, second edition 1860) and by H. E. Bezzenberger (1872, reprinted 1962).
1007:
751:
641:
363:
247:
214:
183:
122:
91:
80:) is also recorded as a German family name in the later medieval period; one
34:("practical wisdom, correct judgement, discretion"), a collection of rhyming
691:
611:
601:
194:
134:
107:
755:
745:
735:
725:
715:
705:
695:
685:
675:
661:
651:
645:
635:
625:
615:
605:
595:
585:
575:
565:
555:
545:
531:
521:
507:
497:
487:
477:
467:
457:
447:
437:
427:
417:
407:
393:
387:
377:
367:
357:
347:
337:
331:
321:
311:
301:
291:
281:
271:
261:
251:
241:
231:
221:
929:
775:
721:
591:
581:
561:
493:
343:
145:
86:
54:. He would have been born in the later 12th century, and was likely of
973:
413:
237:
220:
Grimm divided the work into 54 sections or chapters, as follows: 1.
156:
claimed to have seen a monument with
Freidank's epitaph in Venetian
701:
631:
453:
433:
399:
383:
179:
35:
110:(1878), the only German philologist convinced by Grimm's idea was
968:
769:
213:, 1508). Some quotes have survived as proverbs still current in
157:
919:(ZfdPh) 2 (1870), 172ff., cited after Bezzenberger (1872) p. 21.
209:. Manuscript editions gave way seamlessly to printed editions (
193:. It has been transmitted in numerous manuscripts and also in a
945:
667:
657:
621:
571:
551:
513:
473:
403:
373:
287:
899:
741:
671:
503:
483:
423:
353:
317:
307:
297:
267:
681:
537:
517:
463:
327:
257:
872:
711:
201:) and was quoted by contemporary authors, including
1005:
30:of the early 13th century. He is the author of
144:whose death was reported in the annals of the
140:Freidank may have died in 1233, if he was the
928:Bezzenberger (1872), 242–244. E.g.
1006:
98:is a pseudonym and that the author of
1034:Medieval writers about the Crusades
917:Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie
13:
898:) refers to the fortifications of
854:Friedrich Heinrich von der Hagen,
823:Mittelhochdeutsches Handwörterbuch
14:
1055:
961:
167:
94:(1834) argued that the author is
967:
509:von dem himelrîche und der helle
346:and faithlessness/untruth), 13.
1029:Christians of the Sixth Crusade
1024:Christians of the Fifth Crusade
137:seems to refer to this period.
922:
909:
884:
878:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
865:
848:
832:
815:
1:
808:
896:Der bû den man ze Jaffe tuot
825:(Leipzig, 1872–1878),
7:
976:has quotations related to:
782:
763:
707:von liegenne unde triegenne
84:is mentioned in Helbling's
10:
1060:
985:Works by or about Freidank
1039:13th-century German poets
663:von schatze und pfenninge
564:and the avaricious), 34.
557:von milten und von kargen
117:Based on the contents of
104:Walter von der Vogelweide
840:Vridankes Bescheidenheit
791:Vridankes Bescheidenheit
547:von den wîsen unde tôren
449:von arzâten unde siechen
333:von dem rîchen und armen
998:German National Library
953:Encyclopædia Britannica
881:vol. 7 (1878), 336–338.
756:
746:
736:
726:
716:
706:
696:
686:
676:
662:
652:
646:
636:
626:
616:
606:
596:
586:
576:
566:
556:
546:
533:von künegen und fürsten
532:
522:
508:
498:
488:
478:
468:
458:
448:
438:
428:
418:
408:
394:
388:
378:
368:
358:
348:
339:von triuwe und untriuwe
338:
332:
322:
312:
302:
292:
282:
272:
262:
252:
242:
232:
222:
133:, as the section about
45:
956:(11th ed.). 1911.
747:von dem jungesten tage
434:profit and possessions
395:von edele unde tugende
827:s.v. "bescheidenheit"
794:(1834; 2nd ed. 1860).
727:von den zehen geboten
714:and deceptions), 49.
429:von gewinne und guote
379:von rehte und unrehte
336:(rich and poor), 12.
797:H. E. Bezzenberger,
732:the Ten Commandments
454:leeches and the sick
199:"Fridangi Discretio"
1019:13th-century deaths
1014:12th-century births
858:, Volume 4 (1841),
650:(the unknown), 43.
637:von guote und übele
597:von minne und wiben
717:von dem Endekriste
191:German Renaissance
174:The didactic poem
152:. The chronicler
142:magister Fridancus
78:Fridanc, Fridangus
40:Fridangi Discretio
25:Middle High German
1044:German male poets
894:; P. 157 line 9 (
233:von dem avê Marjâ
203:Hugo von Trimberg
82:Bernhard Freidank
1051:
989:Internet Archive
971:
957:
949:
947:"Freidank"
937:
926:
920:
913:
907:
892:W. Grimm edition
888:
882:
869:
863:
852:
846:
836:
830:
821:Matthias Lexer,
819:
759:
749:
739:
729:
719:
709:
699:
689:
679:
665:
655:
649:
639:
629:
619:
609:
604:and women), 38.
599:
589:
579:
577:von trunkenheite
569:
559:
554:and fools), 33.
549:
535:
528:priests, clerics
525:
511:
501:
491:
481:
471:
461:
451:
441:
431:
421:
411:
397:
391:
381:
371:
361:
351:
341:
335:
325:
315:
305:
295:
285:
275:
265:
263:von dem menschen
255:
245:
235:
225:
154:Hartmann Schedel
1059:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1004:
1003:
964:
944:
941:
940:
927:
923:
914:
910:
889:
885:
870:
866:
853:
849:
837:
833:
820:
816:
811:
785:
766:
607:von erkantnisse
523:von den pfaffen
384:right and wrong
283:von den ketzern
211:Sebastian Brant
172:
48:
12:
11:
5:
1057:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1002:
1001:
991:
982:
963:
962:External links
960:
959:
958:
939:
938:
934:Bescheidenheit
921:
908:
890:no. 46 in the
883:
871:Karl Bartsch,
864:
847:
831:
813:
812:
810:
807:
806:
805:
801:Bescheidenheit
795:
784:
781:
780:
779:
772:
765:
762:
697:von der zungen
617:von dem hunger
479:von scheltenne
419:von dem honege
313:von der werlde
207:Rudolf von Ems
176:Bescheidenheit
171:
169:Bescheidenheit
166:
162:Bescheidenheit
119:Bescheidenheit
100:Bescheidenheit
52:Bescheidenheit
47:
44:
32:Bescheidenheit
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1056:
1045:
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1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
999:
995:
992:
990:
986:
983:
981:
980:
975:
972: German
970:
966:
965:
955:
954:
948:
943:
942:
935:
931:
925:
918:
912:
905:
901:
897:
893:
887:
880:
879:
874:
868:
861:
860:194–210
857:
851:
845:
841:
835:
828:
824:
818:
814:
803:
802:
796:
793:
792:
787:
786:
778:
777:
773:
771:
768:
767:
761:
758:
753:
752:Last Judgment
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
669:
664:
659:
654:
648:
643:
642:good and evil
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
515:
510:
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500:
495:
490:
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460:
455:
450:
445:
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435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
401:
396:
390:
389:von dem alter
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
303:von hôchverte
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
273:von den juden
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
243:von der messe
239:
234:
229:
224:
218:
216:
215:Modern German
212:
208:
204:
200:
197:translation (
196:
192:
187:
185:
184:Wilhelm Grimm
181:
177:
170:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
148:monastery at
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
123:Sixth Crusade
120:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
92:Wilhelm Grimm
89:
88:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
57:
53:
43:
41:
37:
33:
29:
28:didactic poet
26:
22:
18:
977:
951:
933:
924:
916:
911:
904:Frederick II
895:
886:
876:
867:
855:
850:
839:
834:
822:
817:
800:
790:
774:
760:(a prayer).
737:von dem tôde
587:von friunden
567:von der 'ere
489:von gesellen
369:von dieneste
253:von der sele
219:
198:
188:
175:
173:
168:
161:
141:
139:
131:Frederick II
127:Hohenstaufen
118:
116:
99:
95:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
60:
51:
49:
39:
31:
20:
16:
15:
906:in 1228/29.
647:von unkünde
582:inebriation
409:von blinden
392:(age), 18.
364:play, sport
344:faith/truth
293:von wuocher
112:Wackernagel
1008:Categories
930:Hans Sachs
915:J. Guion,
873:"Freidank"
809:References
799:Fridankes
788:W. Grimm,
776:Der Renner
722:Antichrist
653:von tieren
494:fellowship
439:von sorgen
349:von dieben
323:von sünden
146:Cistercian
87:Lucidarius
1000:catalogue
974:Wikiquote
902:built by
757:ein gebet
744:), 52.
687:von Âkers
634:), 41.
499:von zorne
359:von spile
238:Hail Mary
180:aphorisms
70:Vrîgedanc
36:aphorisms
994:Freidank
979:Freidank
856:Germania
842:(1834),
783:Editions
764:See also
702:language
684:), 46.
677:von Rôme
627:von wâne
562:generous
484:scolding
469:von lobe
459:von nîde
400:nobility
288:heretics
223:von gote
150:Kaisheim
129:emperor
74:Freidank
62:Freidank
58:origin.
23:) was a
17:Freidank
996:in the
987:at the
838:Grimm,
804:(1872).
770:Goliard
754:), 53.
734:), 51.
724:), 50.
704:), 48.
694:), 47.
674:), 45.
660:), 44.
644:), 42.
632:madness
624:), 40.
614:), 39.
612:insight
594:), 37.
592:friends
584:), 36.
574:), 35.
544:), 32.
542:princes
530:), 31.
520:), 30.
506:), 29.
496:), 28.
486:), 27.
476:), 26.
466:), 25.
456:), 24.
446:), 23.
436:), 22.
426:), 21.
416:), 20.
406:), 19.
386:), 17.
376:), 16.
374:service
366:), 15.
356:), 14.
354:thieves
330:), 11.
320:), 10.
230:), 1b.
158:Treviso
125:of the
108:Bartsch
96:Vrîdanc
66:Vrîdanc
56:Swabian
21:Vrîdanc
668:wealth
658:beasts
622:hunger
572:honour
514:heaven
474:praise
444:sorrow
404:virtue
310:), 9.
300:), 8.
290:), 7.
280:), 6.
270:), 5.
260:), 4.
250:), 3.
240:), 2.
900:Jaffa
750:(the
742:death
720:(the
672:money
560:(the
550:(the
538:kings
504:wrath
424:honey
414:blind
412:(the
402:and
318:world
316:(the
308:pride
298:usury
256:(the
195:Latin
875:in:
844:40f.
712:lies
692:Acre
682:Rome
670:and
602:love
552:wise
540:and
518:hell
516:and
464:envy
328:sins
278:Jews
258:soul
248:mass
205:and
135:Acre
46:Life
398:' (
268:Man
228:God
102:is
42:).
1010::
950:.
164:.
114:.
68:,
862:.
829:.
740:(
730:(
710:(
700:(
690:(
680:(
666:(
656:(
640:(
630:(
620:(
610:(
600:(
590:(
580:(
570:(
536:(
526:(
512:(
502:(
492:(
482:(
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452:(
442:(
432:(
422:(
382:(
372:(
362:(
352:(
342:(
326:(
306:(
296:(
286:(
276:(
266:(
246:(
236:(
226:(
76:(
64:(
19:(
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