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575:, all unmarried women were minors under the guardianship of their closest male relative until they married, at which time they were placed under the guardianship of their husbands. Only widowed and divorced women were automatically of legal majority. Under this law, she and her unmarried sister Agathe were, since the death of their father, both wards of their elder brother who legally had complete control over their finances, an arrangement which displeased them, as their brother had irresponsibly squandered the family fortune over the last decade. The only remedy for the situation was a direct appeal to
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372:"—but, as the yearly totals always showed the middling days' totals to be greatest, she tired of it and thereafter only kept them while traveling as notes for others. Bremer found the limited and passive family life of Swedish women of her time suffocating and frustrating and her own education was unusually strict, with rigid timetables governing her days. She described her family as "under the oppression of a male iron hand": While in Stockholm, the girls were forbidden from playing outside and took their exercise by jumping up and down while holding onto the backs of chairs. She wrote
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1621:"Broderande på en evig och grå halsremsa, domnade jag allt mer och mer, det vill säga i mina livligare krafter, i min håg att leva. Känslan av plåga domnade ej, den blev med varje dag skarpare, liksom frosten under en tilltagande vinter. Lågan i min själ flämtade ångestfullt och ville blott ett—för alltid slockna
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and began to long for some career through which she could do good in the world beyond ladies' traditional employments. As she later wrote, "Embroidering an eternal and gray collar, I grew more and more numb... that is, in my living powers, my wish to live. The feeling of torment did not grow numb. It
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as early as the age of eight, but considered her time in Paris disappointing because of her father's bad temper. She was considered awkward and rebellious throughout her childhood; and one of her sisters later wrote of how she enjoyed cutting off parts of her dresses and curtains and throwing things
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Fredrika Bremer was interested in contemporary political life and social reform regarding gender equality and social work, and she was active both as an influential participator in the debate of women's rights as well as a philanthropist. Politically, she was a liberal, who felt sympathy for social
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Fredrika Bremer's novels were usually romantic stories of the time, typically concerning an independent woman narrating her observations of others negotiating the marriage market. She argued for a new family life less focused on its male members and providing a larger place for women's talents and
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claimed she "probably... has more readers than any other female writer on the globe" and proclaimed her the author "of a new style of literature". A literary celebrity, Bremer was never without a place to stay during her two years in
America despite having known no one before her arrival. She was
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in 1889. Within Sweden, she continued to be highly respected, though little read. The publication of her letters in the 1910s revived scholarly interest, but only in her personal life and travels. By 1948, the
Swedish critic Algot Werin was writing that Bremer "really only lives as a name and a
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Her social work was the beginning of her literary career, as she began writing and seeking publishers in 1828 with the initial purpose of using her education in art and literature to earn funds for her charity work. (She had written an outraged retort against the male "tyranny" espoused in
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Fredrika and her sisters were raised to marry and became socialites and hostesses within the upper class like their own French-trained mother. They were given the education then conventional for girls of their class in Sweden, with private tutors followed by a family trip through
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in 1858. There, the old system was reformed to allow (unmarried) women to petition their nearest courthouse (rather than the royal court) at the age of 25. Five years later, the legislation was revisited and all (unmarried) women were considered to automatically reach
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at 25. This did not affect the status of married women, who were still under the guardianship of their husbands, or divorced women or widows, who were already of legal majority. The novel also successfully raised the question of a "women's university".
515:." She hesitated, however, in accepting Böklin's proposal of marriage and, after he hastily married another woman in 1835, she retired from Stockholm's society life and never married. The two remained close correspondents for the rest of their lives.
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and United States than the original works had been in Sweden, ensuring her warm welcomes while overseas. After each journey, Bremer published successful volumes of descriptions or diary entries of the locations she visited. Her 1846 visit to the
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Following her return to Sweden in
November, Bremer attempted to engage its middle- and upper-class ladies in social work similar to what she had found in America and England. She co-founded the Stockholm Women's Society for Children's Care
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her political views. Bentham's idea of providing "the greatest happiness to the greatest number" also encouraged her to continue devoting her time to her writing instead of nursing. In the autumn 1831, she began taking private lessons from
535:. She initially planned to work as a nurse at one of the local hospitals but again demurred, instead devoting her time to literature. During this period, the countess's stories of an elderly relative inspired Bremer's 1837 masterpiece
519:(1834) is considered to represent Bremer's increased maturity, using a well-observed portrayal of childhood for its humor while soberly illustrating a reserved young woman's blossoming into a more open and friendly way of life.
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were also made in London, New York, and Boston. These were almost invariably from
Brockhaus's German editions—which Bremer mostly disliked—and usually with still further abridgments, prompting still more complaints from the
324:, about 20 miles (32 km) distant from the capital. Fredrika passed the next two decades of her life summering there and at another nearby estate owned by her father, spending winter in the family's Stockholm apartment.
1277:, a school for the deaf and mute in Stockholm. At the electoral reforms regarding the right to vote of 1862, she supported the idea to give women the right to vote, which was talked about as the "horrific sight" of seeing "
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I would like to become an author to whose works everyone who is sad, depressed, and troubled (and especially everyone of my own sex who is suffering) could go, assured of finding in them a word of redress, of comfort, or
2147:"Visst är, det aldrig något, som har penningvärde, kommer att trivas länge hos mig—icke ens en medalj av Svenska akademien. Bjud mig 50 rdr för vad som helst, utom för ett varmt överplagg, och jag släpper det strax."
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523:, its 1835 sequel, attempted to wed her realistic style with more of the speculative philosophy she discussed with Böklin, an artistic failure that was harshly reviewed, not least by Böklin and Bremer themselves.
403:. Her resolve to find work at one of Stockholm's hospitals was undermined by a sister, but she found great satisfaction in charity work around the family's estate in Årsta during the winters of 1826–7 and 1827–8.
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By the time Bremer revealed her name to the public, her works were an acknowledged part of the cultural life in Sweden. Translations made her still more popular abroad, where she was regarded as the "Swedish
1230:(1856) remains her most influential work. It is a dark novel about the lack of freedom for women, and it raised a debate in the parliament called "The Hertha debate", which contributed to the new law of
788:. Having previously portrayed the Swedish home as a world unto itself, she now portrayed the American world as a great home through the many families who hosted her as she roamed. She spent six weeks in
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but found the enforced passivity of women's life intolerable: "How quietly, like muddy water, time stands for a youth, who, during a boring and idle life, drags out her days." She was deeply touched by
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personalities. Reflecting her own childhood, many of her works include a sharp urban/rural dichotomy; without exception, these present nature as a place of renewal, revelation, and self-discovery.
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worsened day by day, like frost during a growing winter. The fire of my soul flickered anxiously with but one wish—to forever die out". The "non-life" she saw awaiting her prompted an outbreak of
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before returning to New York, leaving for Europe on 13 September 1851. Throughout her journey, she wrote extensive letters to her sister Agathe which were later edited into her 2-volume 1853
616:. Despite being "dreadfully plain", her many friends knew her as humble but loyal, energetic, and strong-willed. She proclaimed that cared little for material possessions: when asked by
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Myös
Fredrika Bremerin äiti Birgitta Charlotta Hollström oli suomalaista sukua. Kirjailija itsekin tiettävästi viittasi toisinaan "suomalaiseen sitkeyteensä ja itsepäisyyteensä"
587:(1842), in which she stated her personal religious belief as a matter of sense first and of mystic revelation second. This aroused some opposition but she was supported by
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why she could never be an art collector, she replied that "It is certain that nothing worth money would ever be happy with me—even a
Swedish Academy medal. Offer me 50
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In 1842, Bremer ended the self-imposed isolation in which she had lived since Böklin's marriage and returned to
Swedish social circles, which she portrayed in her
360:. She later recounted that she kept a diary for a few years as a girl—"a kind of moral account-current, in which each day was entered, with a short observation of
2384:
Coustillas, Pierre ed. London and the Life of
Literature in Late Victorian England: the Diary of George Gissing, Novelist. Brighton: Harvester Press, 1978, p.159.
579:; such petitions, which were common for businesswomen, were customarily given a favorable reply, and their petition was approved and they were formally granted
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She wrote during the time "I want to kiss a man, breastfeed a baby, manage a household, to be happy, and think of nothing except for them and the praise of
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Her popularity abroad crested, however, in the 1840s and 1850s and faded by the turn of the century, although the late nineteenth century
English novelist
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which appeared in the second and third volumes. She described the process as a revelation, as, once she had begun to write, she felt the words coming "as
595:, and Böklin. More importantly, the work was the first which she signed by her own full name, instantly making her a literary celebrity. In 1844, the
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and Emilia
Elmblad. The purpose was to visit female prisoners to provide moral support and improve their character by studies of religion. Her novel
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inspired by the novel. This was the starting point for Adlersparre's work as the organizer of the Swedish feminist movement. The women's magazine
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in 1884, was named after her. Bremer was happy to mention and to recommend the work of other female professionals. She mentioned both the doctor
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Liten pilgrims resa i det heliga landet : förra afdelningen : öfversigt af land och folk, Karmel, Nazareth, Cana, Genesareth, Tabor
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on 4 October. With the intent of studying the effect of democratic institutions upon society, particularly for women, she visited
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Translated from the original unpublished manuscript by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1855. Fragile tan wrappers.
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Translated from the original unpublished manuscript by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1848. Fragile tan wrappers.
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from July to October in 1862, she remained in Sweden the rest of her life. She was reportedly pleased with the abolition of the
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once remarked that, "my dear Fredrika, if you truly could push us all into heaven, you wouldn't mind staying outside yourself."
1605:"Huru stilla, likt ett grumligt vatten, står tiden för en ungdom, som under ett tråkigt och overksamt liv framsläpar sina dagar
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Translated from the original unpublished manuscript by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1850 Fragile tan wrappers.
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for adult unmarried women in Sweden in 1858, and was somewhat of a starting point for the real feminist movement in Sweden.
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1666:"Jag vill kyssa en man, amma ett barn, sköta ett hushåll, göra lyckliga och ej tänka utom för dem och för att prisa Gud
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In 1853, she co-founded the Stockholms fruntimmersförening för barnavård (Stockholm women's fund for child care) with
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in municipal elections in Sweden. The first real Women's rights movement in Sweden, the Fredrika Bremer Association (
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were wildly popular in Britain and the United States during the 1840s and 1850s and she is regarded as the Swedish
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1682:"Ja, min söta Fredrika, om du blott kunde skjuta oss alla in i himmelriket, skulle du gärna själv stanna utanför."
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and its success led them to publish seven other volumes of Bremer's works by the end of the next year. By then,
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Since her father's death in 1830, Fredrika had grown closer to her mother. However, under the terms of Sweden's
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from August 1859 to May 1861. She reached Stockholm on 4 July 1861. Her accounts of the trip were published as
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For the next five years, Bremer settled as the guest of her friend Countess Stina Sommerheilm at Tomb Manor in
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was published as an anonymous serial from 1828 to 1831 and became an immediate success, particularly the comic
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also raised the debate of higher formal education for women, and in 1861, the University for Women Teachers,
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awarded her their lesser gold medal on 1 January 1831; she continued to write for the remainder of her life.
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sermon "On the Quiet Calling of Women" the year before but it was only published posthumously.) Her 4-volume
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Hemmen i den nya världen : en dagbok i brev, skrivna under tvenne års resor i Norra Amerika och på Cuba
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at the election boxes", but Bremer gave the idea her support, and the same year, women of legal majority
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956:, and Paris over the course of a year. She was particularly interested in Switzerland's still-nascent "
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in 1840. She spent the winter of 1841–42 alone in Årsta Castle, spending her time completing the tract
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875:) to provide moral guidance and rehabilitation of female inmates in 1854. On 28 August 1854, amid the
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Discussion, since from 1856 to 1861 she participated in another great journey through Europe and the
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had begun publishing English translations in London and New York; these proved even more popular in
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and concluded its fictionalized assault on the 2nd-class status of adult unmarried women under the
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symbol... It does not matter if her novels are forgotten." Bremer's novels were rediscovered by
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published her "Invitation to a Peace Alliance" alongside an editorial rebuke of its contents: a
549:—whom she met during a visit to Stockholm in 1837–8—informed several aspects of her next novel,
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20:
1372:; 1842) Translated from the Swedish. Boston: Redding and Company. 1843. Fragile blue wrappers.
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but, upon his mother's death in 1798, Carl liquidated their holdings. (A few years later, the
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with an appendix recounting recent Swedish court cases on the topic. The work prompted the
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included a unofficial "portrait" of Bremer so inaccurate she considered it to be a hoax (
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Translated by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1848. Fragile tan wrappers.
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Translated by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1845. Fragile tan wrappers.
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Translated by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1844. Fragile tan wrappers.
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Translated by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1844. Fragile tan wrappers.
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Translated by Mary Howitt. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1843. Fragile tan wrappers.
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for anything except a warm overcoat and I will let it go." Regarding her unselfishness,
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the next year. The work also served as her contribution to the discussion engendered by
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Hofbert, Herman; Heurlin, Frithiof; Millqvist, Viktor; Rubenson, Olof, eds. (1906).
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Livet i Gamla Världen : dagboks-anteckningar under resor i Söder- och Österland
830:, which she visited four times. They were later gathered for English publication as
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991:, arriving on 30 January 1859 and, though nearly 60 years old, tracing the life of
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in the latter half of the 20th century and are undergoing critical reëvaluation.
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includes a scene of Mrs March reading from Bremer's works to her four daughters.
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Upon her return to Sweden, she debuted into upper-class society in Stockholm and
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Victorian Women and the Economies of Travel, Translation and Culture, 1830–1870
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Multicultural Writers from Antiquity to 1945: A Bio-bibliographical Sourcebook
2655:] (in Swedish). Vol. VIII. Stockholm: Isaac Marcus for Adolf Bonnier.
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Anderson, Carl L. (June 1965), "Fredrika Bremer's 'Spirit of the New World'",
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Fredrika Bremer växte upp i en högborgerlig, välbeställd finlandssvensk familj
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In 1854, she co-founded the Women's Society for the Improvement of Prisoners (
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2428:, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (art av Sven Erik Täckmark), hämtad 2015-03-15.
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704:, Bremer visited and traveled extensively through the United States. Leaving
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and its students. She resumed her charitable projects and assisted with the
2523:, vol. 4 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 494–495
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Upon her return to Sweden, she expressed her satisfaction with the reforms
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288:(1770–1830) and Birgitta Charlotta Hollström (1777–1855). Her grandparents
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As the German public grew more curious about the author, one edition of
676:, the last recounting her impressions of the tensions leading up to the
277:). She was the second daughter of five and the second child of seven of
2631:, Women in Context, Atlantic Highlands: Athlone Press, pp. 34–51,
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Ett par blad ifrĂĄn Rhenstranden, eller Marienberg och Kaiserswerth 1846
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568:. After the countess's death, Bremer returned to Stockholm in 1840.
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prompted a social movement that granted all unmarried Swedish women
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1937:
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Statue depicting Fredrika Bremer in Stockholm, unveiled 2 June 1927
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Not to be confused with her grandmother, the Finnish businesswoman
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Den kvinnliga diakonin i Sverige 1849–1861: Uppgift och utformning
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466:(1796-1867), a reform educator and the principal of a school in
2673:, in Amoia, Alba della Fazia; Knapp, Bettina Liebowitz (eds.),
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Fredrika Bremer och verkligheten: Romanen Herthas tillblivelse
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The Education of a Self-Made Woman, Fredrika Bremer, 1801–1865
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Seeress of the Northland: Fredrika Bremer's American Journey
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The Female Deaconate in Sweden 1849-1861: Purpose and Design
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The H___ Family: Tralinnan; Axel and Anna;; and Other Tales
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Her success and desire to keep writing drove her to study
316:.) When Fredrika was three years old, the family moved to
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She began traveling first around Sweden and then abroad.
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In addition to Mary Howitt's sanctioned work, numerous
2664:, Philadelphia: American Swedish Historical Foundation
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had founded during her absence. After a final trip to
2606:, No. 29 (in Swedish). Lund: C.W.K. Gleerups Förlag.
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by ship, train, wagon, and horseback. She stayed in
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had built up one of the largest business empires in
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1024:, the first women's magazine in Scandinavia, which
193:from her brother's wardship; in her 50s, her novel
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826:largely concerned her favorable impression of the
2580:(in Swedish), Stockholm: Albert Bonniers Forlag,
2443:(En berättelse om kretsen kring Fredrika Bremer)"
2186:President's Daughters: A Narrative of a Governess
1577:Only one brother, however, survived to adulthood.
960:". From September 1857, she traveled through the
645:Ausgewählte Bibliotek der Classiker des Auslandes
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865:Women's Society for the Improvement of Prisoners
820:. Her series of articles about England for the
185:. In her late 30s, she successfully petitioned
154:(17 August 1801 – 31 December 1865) was a
1264:, named after the novel, was founded in 1914.
2789:Women's History – Fredrika Bremer @ About.com
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855:Stockholms Fruntimmersförening för Barnavård
2125:Årstasällskapet för Fredrika Bremer-studier
2033:Diary entry for 1 March 1823, cited in the
1196:issues and for the working class movement.
1131:as "just the country for a new Scandinavia"
939:school for the education of female teachers
780:and spoke with prisoners. She then visited
756:, where she examined the conditions of its
231:. In 1884, she became the namesake of the
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2733:(Kvinnohistoriskt arkiv. Norstedt. 1978)
1500:"On the Novel as the Epic of Our Time" ("
1403:Life in Dalecarlia: The Parsonage of Mora
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2482:, Stockholm: P.G. Berg, pp. 54–55
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1650:"...som champagnebläddror ur en butelj
599:awarded her their greater gold medal.
564:, dealing with women's lot during the
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2565:]. Vol. VI. pp. 182 ff.
2542:]. Vol. I. pp. 136–137.
2441:Fredrika Bremer bland lösdriverskorna
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1144:". Upon her arrival in New York, the
1014:had prompted and took an interest in
708:on 11 September 1849, she arrived in
2864:19th-century Swedish philanthropists
2319:. New York: Routledge. p. 154.
2091:
1524:A Little Pilgrimage in the Holy Land
859:) to assist the orphans left by the
445:in greater depth. An English friend
2683:: Greenwood Press, pp. 47–50,
2550:
2527:
2471:
2114:
2018:
1885:
1814:
1074:Fredrika Bremer Intermediate School
1056:Fredrika Bremer is the namesake of
13:
2849:19th-century Swedish women writers
2697:
2628:Swedish Women's Writing: 1850–1995
2472:StĂĄlberg, Wilhelmina, ed. (1864),
1927:Two Years in Switzerland and Italy
1737:"Fredrika Bremer en kristen kämpe"
1559:American Swedish Historical Museum
1496:No. 124 – Library of Select Novels
1430:No. 115 – Library of Select Novels
1089:American Swedish Historical Museum
1040:in the United States. She died at
1007:in six volumes from 1860 to 1862.
962:still-disunified Italian peninsula
944:Bremer was not present during the
637:Select Library of Foreign Classics
541:. Her close study of the works of
380:
377:into the fire to watch them burn.
14:
2885:
2869:Swedish people of Finnish descent
2780:Works by or about Fredrika Bremer
2744:
2710:Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon
1439:No. 20 – Library of Select Novels
1407:No. 58 – Library of Select Novels
1398:No. 20 – Library of Select Novels
1389:No. 38 – Library of Select Novels
1380:No. 22 – Library of Select Novels
897:In 1856, she published her novel
553:(1839). Her male contemporaries'
526:
203:at the age of 25 and established
2859:Swedish people of German descent
2772:
2604:Bibliotheca Theologiae Practicae
1634:Also translated under the title
1340:Nya teckningar utur vardagslivet
1190:
320:. The next year, they purchased
249:Fredrika Bremer was born into a
2563:Swedish Biographical Dictionary
2558:Svenskt Biografiskt Handlexikon
2540:Swedish Biographical Dictionary
2535:Svenskt Biografiskt Handlexikon
2431:
2418:
2378:
2345:
2308:
2213:
2193:
2153:
2138:
2035:Swedish Biographical Dictionary
2027:
1917:
1709:
1688:
1673:
1657:
1641:
1628:
1612:
1596:
1580:
1444:Midsummer Journey: A Pilgrimage
861:1853 Stockholm cholera outbreak
470:. He challenged her support of
2645:Hellberg, Johan Carl (1872).
2479:Anteckningar om Sveska Qvinnor
2189:, James Monroe & Co., 1843
1760:
1729:
1571:
1503:Om romanen sĂĄsom vĂĄr tids epos
1492:The Midnight Sun: A Pilgrimage
1072:. She is also the namesake of
430:bubbles out of a bottle". The
340:in 1821 and 1822 before their
225:as well as the later magazine
1:
2802:"Drawings by Fredrika Bremer"
2671:"Fredrika Bremer (1801–1865)"
2623:"Fredrika Bremer (1801–1865)"
2621:ForsĂĄs-Scott, Helena (1997),
2465:
2220:"Preface by the Translator",
2200:"Preface by the Translator",
1334:New Sketches of Everyday Life
244:
2854:19th-century Swedish writers
2719:(Edwin Mellen Press. 1994)
1717:bootleg English translations
1328:Teckningar utur vardagslivet
1123:notes Bremer describing the
635:inaugurated its 1841 series
253:family on 17 August 1801 at
7:
2771:(public domain audiobooks)
2669:Stendahl, Brita K. (2002),
2660:Rooth, Signe Alice (1955),
2491:Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878),
2259:The New England Quarterly,
1745:(in Swedish). 24 April 2001
1552:
1538:England in the Fall of 1851
1450:Midsommarresan: en vallfart
1102:
837:
233:Fredrika Bremer Association
16:Swedish writer and reformer
10:
2890:
664:prompted her 1848 volumes
18:
2751:Fredrika-Bremer-Förbundet
2315:Johnston, Judith (2013).
1544:England om hösten år 1851
1320:Sketches of Everyday Life
1288:Fredrika Bremer Förbundet
1241:Högre lärarinneseminariet
1060:, a town in the American
1051:
1016:Högre Lärarinneseminariet
935:Högre Lärarinneseminariet
691:
517:The President's Daughters
417:Sketches of Everyday Life
205:Högre Lärarinneseminariet
171:Sketches of Everyday Life
135:
127:
119:
89:
52:
37:
30:
2794:25 December 2016 at the
2765:Works by Fredrika Bremer
2756:Works by Fredrika Bremer
2514:"Bremer, Fredrika"
1564:
1306:
776:before her, she visited
696:Inspired by the work of
647:) with a translation of
618:Carl Gustaf von Brinkman
251:Swedish-speaking Finnish
239:organization in Sweden.
215:to begin publishing the
207:, Sweden's first female
2594:Elmund, Gunnel (1973).
2574:Burman, Carina (2001),
2520:Encyclopædia Britannica
2500:Encyclopædia Britannica
2494:"Fredrika Bremer"
2120:"About Fredrika Bremer"
1119:Historical marker near
987:and thence traveled to
905:A Sketch from Real Life
764:, where she toured its
2874:Swedish-speaking Finns
2146:
1701:
1681:
1665:
1649:
1620:
1604:
1590:
1543:
1529:
1515:
1502:
1483:
1478:Homes in the New World
1463:
1449:
1417:
1367:
1353:
1339:
1327:
1315:
1132:
1125:St. Croix river valley
1112:
1068:, and its surrounding
941:, was opened in 1861.
918:
870:
854:
846:
786:Homes in the New World
644:
509:
294:Ulrika Fredrika Bremer
44:Copy of a portrait by
21:Ulrika Fredrika Bremer
1510:Life in the Old World
1314:
1283:were granted suffrage
1121:Stillwater, Minnesota
1118:
1110:
1048:on 31 December 1865.
1005:Life in the Old World
496:
486:with a conception of
344:. She was a talented
46:Johan Gustaf Sandberg
2653:On My Contemporaries
2551:Ek, Sverker (1926).
2424:C Fredrika Limnell,
1636:The Colonel's Family
1520:; 6 vols. 1860–1862)
1488:; 2 vols. 1853–1854)
1267:In 1860, she helped
1255:Tidskrift för hemmet
1252:, founded the paper
979:. Finally, she left
505:Letter to Per Böklin
2839:Swedish suffragists
2715:Stendahl, Brita K.
2576:Bremer—en biografi
2413:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
2303:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
2245:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
2074:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
2062:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
2047:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
1912:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
1841:ForsĂĄs-Scott (1997)
1770:(11 October 2000).
1344:; 10 vols. 1834–58)
1153:Ralph Waldo Emerson
847:Skyddsmödraförening
750:Mid-Atlantic States
682:King Louis Philippe
279:Carl Fredrik Bremer
211:. It also inspired
2844:Writers from Turku
2729:Wieselgren, Greta
2181:"Prefatory Notice"
1472:An Easter Offering
1330:; 3 vols. 1828–31)
1316:
1293:Sophie Adlersparre
1250:Sophie Adlersparre
1218:Maria Cederschiöld
1133:
1113:
1026:Sophie Adlersparre
964:, contrasting the
919:Herthadiskussionen
746:Quaker communities
557:prompted her 1840
449:introduced her to
261:Parish outside of
213:Sophie Adlersparre
183:Swedish literature
2834:Swedish feminists
2760:Project Gutenberg
2739:978-91-1-783041-0
2725:978-0-7734-9098-7
2553:"Fredrika Bremer"
2530:"Fredrika Bremer"
2474:"Fredrika Bremer"
2449:on 13 August 2019
2088:, pp. 181–2.
1930:, 1861, pp.
1772:"Fredrika Bremer"
1458:Life in the North
1299:and the engraver
1185:Swedish feminists
1161:Louisa May Alcott
1036:in Sweden and of
968:practices of the
810:Elizabeth Gaskell
778:America's prisons
670:Midsummer Journey
610:'s controversial
409:Johan Olof Wallin
221:, Sweden's first
181:to prominence in
149:
148:
114:
84:
2881:
2829:Feminist writers
2805:
2784:Internet Archive
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2064:, pp. 42–3.
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1934:
1924:"To My Reader",
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1269:Johanna Berglind
1212:) together with
1201:Fredrika Limnell
1127:in the state of
921:
873:
857:
849:
828:Great Exhibition
814:Charles Kingsley
768:communities and
720:, where she met
540:
507:
478:figures such as
464:Per Johan Böklin
424:
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223:women's magazine
187:King Charles XIV
138:
131:Writer, reformer
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93:31 December 1865
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2796:Wayback Machine
2773:
2747:
2705:Fredrika Bremer
2700:
2698:Further reading
2691:
2648:Om mina samtida
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1362:Morning Watches
1309:
1222:Betty Ehrenborg
1193:
1147:New York Herald
1105:
1054:
999:before touring
909:1734 Civil Code
840:
832:England in 1851
694:
597:Swedish Academy
585:Morning Watches
573:1734 Civil Code
536:
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508:
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432:Swedish Academy
422:
383:
381:Early adulthood
338:the Netherlands
332:, Switzerland,
306:Napoleonic Wars
302:Finnish theater
298:Swedish Finland
281:
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209:tertiary school
177:, bringing the
152:Fredrika Bremer
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2745:External links
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2509:Chisholm, Hugh
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1291:), founded by
1232:legal majority
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1174:George Gissing
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997:Constantinople
977:Swedish Church
930:legal majority
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774:De Tocqueville
698:De Tocqueville
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581:legal majority
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527:Writing career
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499:encouragement.
455:Utilitarianism
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237:women's rights
201:legal majority
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128:Known for
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2160:"Preface",
1248:. In 1859,
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1078:Minneapolis
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488:Romanticism
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2466:References
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