226:, an impressive cultural-historic study of the relation between imagined futures and the dynamics of culture. He was an original thinker, but his work was remarkably uneven: his encyclopaedic and erudite style has led to both very deep and very shallow analyses. Especially his earlier contributions in the 1950s and 1960s still prove a very valuable resource, although many of his ideas should be handled with care. However, his later works in the 1970s are out of tune with the rise of a more critical approach to the study of the future."
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A 2005 article by Ruud van der Helm states: "Among the founders of the futures studies field, the Dutch sociologist Fred Polak is one of the least known. Although he is still mentioned by several renowned futurists, very little has been written about the evolution of Polak’s ideas and as far as we
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After the war he became a staff member and managing director of the
Netherlands' Central Planning Bureau, personal advisor to the Minister of Education (Art and Science), advisor of the Dutch government for Full Employment, Professor of Sociology at
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Polak graduated cum laude in philosophy in 1946, and since his thesis and inaugural address in 1947 on the evolution of science and society of tomorrow, devoted himself continuously to the future of man and society.
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have been able to trace back, no retrospective work has been published. Today, Polak is mostly known for his opus magnum
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Van der Helm, R., The Future
According to Frederik Lodewijk Polak: Finding the Roots of Contemporary Futures Studies,
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Wereldvrede blijft. Hoe
Goliath door David met een ultraklein wapen opnieuw kan worden geveld (Baarn, 1983)
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De toekomst is verleden tijd (Utrecht, 1955), translated into Engels as 'The Image of the Future'(1973)
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Prognostics: a science in the making surveys and creates the future. (Amsterdam, New York, 1971)
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Vermetelste uitdaging. Leeft de Nieuwe Hemel in harmonie met God? (Alphen aan den Rijn, 1979)
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De wentelgang der wetenschap en de maatschappij van morgen (inaugurele rede
Rotterdam, 1948)
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Author of many publications on futurology, Polak was recipient of
Fellowships from
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Polak was the son of
Alexander Polak, violin builder and concertmaster of the
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Slow-motion mens. Een dier gedoemd tot uitsterven? (Amsterdam/Brussel, 1977)
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Kennen en keuren in de sociale wetenschappen (dissertatie
Rotterdam, 1947)
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Morgen is anders. De wedloop tussen mensen en kunst-mensen (Baarn, 1985)
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Het hoger onderwijs: op de helling of op een hellend vlak? (1961)
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and
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Directors of the Bureau for
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and later became a cofounder of the political party
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41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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