480:; Taylor was concerned primarily with reducing process times. The Gilbreths, in contrast, sought to make processes more efficient by reducing the motions involved. They saw their approach as more concerned with workers' welfare than Taylorism, which workers themselves often perceived as concerned mainly with profit. This difference led to a personal rift between Taylor and the Gilbreths which, after Taylor's death, turned into a feud between the Gilbreths and Taylor's followers. After Frank's death, Lillian Gilbreth took steps to heal the rift; however, some friction remains over questions of history and intellectual property.
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445:. His assignment was to find quicker and more efficient means of assembling and disassembling small arms. However, he was stricken with rheumatic fever and then pneumonia just weeks into his service, and spent four months in recovery before being discharged. The heart damage from this episode would contribute to his premature death six years later. According to Claude George (1968), Gilbreth reduced all motions of the hand into some combination of 17 basic motions. These included grasp, transport loaded, and hold. Gilbreth named the motions
415:
301:. The architects had specified that hundreds of 20-foot (6.1 m) hardened concrete piles (based on Gibreth's own patents for design and installation) were to be driven in to allow the soft ground to take the weight of two million bricks required to construct the building. The "Time and Motion" approach could be applied to the bricklaying and the transportation. The building was also required to support efficient input and output of deliveries via its own railroad switching facilities.
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that kept the bricks within easy reach of the bricklayer. He began patenting his innovations with this "Vertical
Scaffold", then developed and patented the "Gilbreth Waterproof Cellar". He made innovations in concrete construction, as well. After ten years, at age 27, he was the chief superintendent.
272:
he noticed the many variations in the bricklayers' methods and efficiency. This began his interest in finding "the one best way" of executing any task. He quickly learned every part of building work and contracting, and advanced rapidly. He took night school classes to learn mechanical drawing. After
289:
Gilbreth founded his own commercial contracting firm on April 1, 1895. For the next fifteen years, "Frank B. Gilbreth, General
Contractor" and two subsidiary companies would build some 100 large-scale projects across the United States (along with two in Canada), including full scale factories, paper
463:
Gilbreth was the first to propose the position of "caddy" (Gilbreth's term) to a surgeon, who handed surgical instruments to the surgeon as needed. Gilbreth also devised the standard techniques used by armies around the world to teach recruits how to rapidly disassemble and reassemble their weapons
338:
Gilbreth was also an adamant champion of the "cost-plus-a-fixed sum" contract in his building contracting business. He described this method in an article in
Industrial Magazine in 1907, comparing it to fixed price and guaranteed maximum price methods. Many of his prolific advertisements throughout
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In conducting their Motion Study method to work, they found that the key to improving work efficiency was in reducing unnecessary motions. Not only were some motions unnecessary, but they caused employee fatigue. Their efforts to reduce fatigue included reduced motions, tool redesign, parts
233:, on July 7, 1868. He was the third child and only son of John Hiram Gilbreth and Martha Bunker Gilbreth. His mother had been a schoolteacher. His father owned a hardware store and was a stockbreeder. When Gilbreth was three and a half years old his father died suddenly from pneumonia.
426:
943:
240:, to find better schools for her children. The substantial estate left by her husband was managed by her husband's family. By the fall of 1878 the money had been lost or stolen and Martha Gilbreth had to find a way to make a living. She moved the family to
331:. Together they studied the work habits of manufacturing and clerical employees in all sorts of industries to find ways to increase output and make their jobs easier. He and Lillian founded a management consulting firm, Frank B. Gilbreth, Inc. (renamed
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mills, canals, dams and powerhouses. The largest such project was a complete paper mill constructed in 1907–08 in Canton, North
Carolina. It was a $ 2 million facility consisting of more than thirty full-scale industrial buildings.
263:
Renton
Whidden, Gilbreth's old Sunday School teacher, hired him for his building company. He was to start as a laborer, learn the various building trades, and work his way up in the firm. In July 1885 at age 17 he started as a
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All of
Gilbreth's children lived past 78 years, with the exceptions of Mary, who died at 6 years old, and Martha, who died at 59 years old. Frederick was the longest-living Gilbreth child and died in 2015 at age 99.
424:
530:, and bears no resemblance to the book, except that it features a family with twelve children, and the wife's maiden name is Gilbreth. The third, in 2022, also bears no relation to the book and starred
363:(1911–2001), William Moller Gilbreth (1912–1990), Lillian Gilbreth Johnson (1914–2001), Frederick Moller Gilbreth (1916–2015), Daniel Bunker Gilbreth (1917–2006), John Moller Gilbreth (1919–2002),
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His maxim of "I will always choose a lazy person to do a difficult job, because a lazy person will find an easy way to do it" is still commonly used today, although it is often misattributed to
304:
Gilbreth was also an inventor with thirteen patents, beginning in his years with the
Whiddens, and had patent and product management offices in London and Berlin. Other than two projects in
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placement, and bench and seating height, for which they began to develop workplace standards. The
Gilbreths' work broke ground for contemporary understanding of ergonomics.
316:
Gilbreth changed careers to efficiency and management engineering with the close of his construction companies in about 1912. He eventually became an occasional lecturer at
982:
Frank B. Gilbreth, 56 years old, known mechanical engineer and author, died of heart ... Gilbreth was born at
Fairfield, Maine on July 7, 1868 and educated at Boston. ...
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transposed to their original order. He used a motion picture camera that was calibrated in fractions of minutes to time the smallest of motions in workers.
247:
Gilbreth was not a good student. He attended Rice
Grammar School, but his mother was concerned enough to teach him at home for a year. He attended Boston's
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Frank and Lillian Gilbreth wrote in collaboration, but Lillian's name was not included on the title page until after she earned her PhD.
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17:
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511:). The book inspired a film and the title inspired a second and third unrelated film of the same name. The first, in 1950, starred
460:(CQI), and the late 20th century understanding that repeated motions can lead to workers experiencing repetitive motion injuries.
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251:, and his grades improved when he became interested in his science and math classes. He took the entrance examinations for the
308:, Canada, and a third that was abandoned after initial construction, he did not build any projects outside the United States.
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where good public schools existed. She opened a boarding house since a schoolteacher's salary would not support the family.
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Gilbreth discovered his vocation as efficiency expert while still a young construction worker, when he sought ways to make
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476:, yet there was a substantial philosophical difference between the Gilbreths and Taylor. The symbol of Taylorism was the
367:(1920–2007), and Jane Moller Gilbreth Heppes (1922–2006); there was also a stillborn daughter (1915) who was not named.
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355:; they had 12 children. Their names were Anne Moller Gilbreth Barney (1905–1987), Mary Elizabeth Gilbreth (1906–1912),
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255:, but wanted his mother to be able to give up the boarding house. He decided to go to work rather than to college.
191:(July 7, 1868 – June 14, 1924) was an American engineer, consultant, and author known as an early advocate of
911:
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faster and easier. During the later part of his contracting career, this grew into a collaboration with his wife,
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When after ten years the Whiddens were unwilling to make him a partner, he resigned to start his own company.
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chronicled the adventures of the Gilbreth family after Frank's 1924 death. A later biography of his parents,
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Gifford, James (Spring 2021). "Frank B. Gilbreth, General Contractor: construction projects 1895–1910".
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Fatigue Study, the Elimination of Humanity's Greatest Unnecessary Waste: A First Step in Motion Study
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Applied Motion Study: A Collection of Papers on the Efficient Method to Industrial Preparedness
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912:"Simmons Hardware Company Warehouse – National Register of Historic Places Registration Form"
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five years he was a superintendent, which allowed his mother to give up her boarding house.
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1116:(Adventure, Comedy, Family), 20th Century Studios, Fox Family Films, Khalabo Ink Society
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965:"Maj. Gilbreth Stricken With Heart Attack at Railway Station After Talking to His Wife"
109:
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Frank Gilbreth Jr. makes several errors of recollection in this otherwise significant
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1395:"A History of the Nantucket Cliff Lighthouse Station (and the Origin of 'The Shoe')"
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Making Time: Lillian Moller Gilbreth, a Life Beyond "Cheaper by the Dozen"
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were industrial engineers and efficiency experts who contributed to the study of
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Frank and Lillian Gilbreth often used their large family (and Frank himself) as
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Using his observations of workmen laying brick, Gilbreth developed a multilevel
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Their emphasis on the "one best way" and therbligs predates the development of
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the era boast of and recommend this as "their special method of construction."
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in experiments. Their family exploits are lovingly detailed in the 1948 book
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Frank and Lillian Gilbreth: Critical Evaluations in Business and Management
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1086:
1008:"Frank and Lillian Gilbreth and the Motion Study Controversy, 1907-1930"
391:, talking with his wife by telephone. Lillian outlived him by 48 years.
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890:"The Construction Projects of Frank B. Gilbreth, General Contractor"
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1341:"Inventory to the Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Papers, ca. 1869–2000"
632:
Motion Study: A Method for Increasing the Efficiency of the Workman
520:
446:
1409:
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Gilbreth Jr, Frank B. (Summer 1991). "The Gilbreth 'Bug-lights'".
778:. In Emily J. McMurray; Jane Kelly Kosek; Roger M. Valade (eds.).
305:
1213:
1192:
601:
199:, and is perhaps best known as the father and central figure of
241:
1358:
1389:, books by and about the Gilbreths and Scientific Management
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The work of the Gilbreths is often associated with that of
1322:"Finding Aid to the Gilbreth Library of Management Papers"
1070:"Frank Gilbreth Jr., 89, Author Of 'Cheaper by the Dozen'"
566:, who merely repeated the quote but did not originate it.
1134:"Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Industrial Engineering Award"
359:(1908–2006), Martha Bunker Gilbreth Tallman (1909–1968),
1406:
An updated history of the Gilbreth family vacation home.
236:
After his father's death his mother moved the family to
1238:
1193:
Gilbreth, Frank Jr.; Ernestine Gilbreth Carey (2003) .
1013:
A Mental Revolution: Scientific Management Since Taylor
559:(IISE) is named in Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's honor.
849:(2nd ed.). Thompson Learning. pp. 27–34.
816:. In Michael C. Wood; John Cunningham Wood (eds.).
507:, written by son Frank Jr. and daughter Ernestine (
811:
449: — "Gilbreth" spelled backwards with letters
216:in fields such as motion study and human factors.
1359:"The Gilbreths: An Extraordinary American Family"
807:
805:
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1363:, comprehensive family and professional history.
681:
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1319:
1136:. Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers
725:
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284:
258:
1619:
1320:Mendes, Joanne; Mary Sego (18 February 2010).
802:
729:
335:after his death), focusing on such endeavors.
311:
2144:
1605:
1425:
1346:. Purdue University Libraries. Archived from
1327:. Purdue University Libraries. Archived from
773:"Frank Gilbert, 1868-1924, American engineer"
557:Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers
1156:"Give the hardest job to the laziest person"
1063:
1061:
834:
708:
464:even when blindfolded or in total darkness.
432:Original Films Of Frank B. Gilbreth (Part I)
1293:
692:. Sturgis & Walton Company – via
673:. Sturgis & Walton Company – via
383:on June 14, 1924, at age 55. He was at the
224:
2151:
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1432:
1418:
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555:The award for lifetime achievement by the
293:One Gilbreth construction project was the
50:
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999:
914:. National Park Service. 28 February 2008
840:
781:Notable Twentieth-century Scientists: F-K
2158:
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1016:. Ohio State University Press. pp.
820:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 49–64.
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27:American industrial engineer (1868–1924)
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14:
2300:
1383:. The Gilbreth Network. Archived from
1338:
1246:. Engineering & Management Press.
1183:
1109:
993:
654:. D. Van Nostrand Company – via
639:. D. Van Nostrand Company – via
2358:Henry Laurence Gantt Medal recipients
2132:
1593:
1413:
1067:
1005:
253:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2373:English High School of Boston alumni
1378:
1339:Mendes, Joanne (14 September 2012).
1068:Saxon, Wolfgang (20 February 2001).
812:Urwick, L.F.; E.F.L. Brech (2003) .
770:
1439:
1277:Townsend, Reginald T. (July 1916).
814:"Frank Bunker Gilbreth (1868-1924)"
24:
1176:
25:
2384:
2343:People from Montclair, New Jersey
1313:
1186:The History of Management Thought
734:. Northeastern University Press.
399:
843:"The Gilbreths and motion study"
586:. The M.C. Clark Publishing Co.
483:
1393:Gifford, James (October 2019).
1244:As I Remember: An Autobiography
1148:
1126:
1103:
1080:
1046:
1034:
987:
942:. June 15, 1924. Archived from
651:Primer of Scientific Management
519:. The second, in 2003, starred
357:Ernestine Moller Gilbreth Carey
153:
957:
926:
904:
882:
863:
458:continuous quality improvement
13:
1:
2333:Military personnel from Maine
2318:American industrial engineers
1055:at gilbrethnetwork.tripod.com
1043:at gilbrethnetwork.tripod.com
702:
2328:People from Fairfield, Maine
2118:2019: Margaret G. McCullough
1497:The Psychology of Management
872:Construction History Journal
285:Career as general contractor
259:Whidden Construction Company
219:
7:
2323:American business theorists
1279:"The Magic of Motion Study"
1110:Lerner, Gail (2022-03-18),
1088:Cheaper by the Dozen (2003)
320:, which houses his papers.
312:Career as efficiency expert
10:
2389:
1621:Henry Laurence Gantt Medal
1010:. In Daniel Nelson (ed.).
784:. Gale Research. pp.
550:Frank Bunker Gilbreth, Jr.
403:
29:
2363:Engineers from New Jersey
2338:Purdue University faculty
2277:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Jr.
2259:
2208:
2181:
2171:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Jr.
2168:
2075:Alexander W. Dreyfoos Jr.
2049:
1982:
1787:
1726:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Sr.
1627:
1536:
1511:
1481:
1468:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Jr.
1445:
492:
361:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Jr.
342:
268:'s helper. As he learned
167:
138:
128:
102:
83:
61:
49:
42:
36:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Jr.
18:Frank Bunker Gilbreth Sr.
2282:Ernestine Gilbreth Carey
2175:Ernestine Gilbreth Carey
1837:Henning Webb Prentis Jr.
1463:Ernestine Gilbreth Carey
1216:Ernestine Gilbreth Carey
934:"Maj. Frank B. Gilbreth"
841:Sheldrake, John (2003).
771:Ford, Daniel N. (1995).
665:Gilbreth, Lillian Moller
509:Ernestine Gilbreth Carey
474:Frederick Winslow Taylor
441:in the U.S. Army during
374:
351:on October 19, 1904, in
295:Simmons Hardware Company
225:Early life and education
2272:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
1869:Charles Perry McCormick
1853:Richard Redwood Deupree
1762:Harold Fowler McCormick
1730:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
1458:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
1240:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
1160:Raven Performance Group
730:Jane Lancaster (2004).
546:Time Out For Happiness,
538:. A 1952 sequel titled
394:
329:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
210:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
2287:Robert Moller Gilbreth
2241:Cheaper by the Dozen 2
1570:Cheaper by the Dozen 2
1473:Robert Moller Gilbreth
1368:"The Gilbreth Network"
1184:George, C. S. (1968).
434:
419:
418:Gilbreth in about 1916
365:Robert Moller Gilbreth
238:Andover, Massachusetts
214:industrial engineering
2353:Time and motion study
2267:Frank Bunker Gilbreth
2040:George N. Hatsopoulos
1901:Harold Bright Maynard
1491:Time and motion study
1483:Scientific management
1453:Frank Bunker Gilbreth
1214:Gilbreth, Frank Jr.;
1006:Price, Brian (1992).
570:Selected publications
468:Scientific management
437:Gilbreth served as a
430:
417:
406:Time and motion study
389:Montclair, New Jersey
349:Lillian Evelyn Moller
229:Gilbreth was born in
208:Both he and his wife
197:time and motion study
193:scientific management
189:Frank Bunker Gilbreth
120:Management consultant
95:Montclair, New Jersey
56:Frank Bunker Gilbreth
44:Frank Bunker Gilbreth
2348:American bricklayers
2249:Cheaper by the Dozen
2233:Cheaper by the Dozen
2225:Belles on Their Toes
2217:Cheaper by the Dozen
2198:Belles on Their Toes
2190:Cheaper by the Dozen
2161:Cheaper by the Dozen
2091:Julie Spicer England
1949:Robert Elton Brooker
1770:Arthur Clinton Spurr
1686:Arthur Howland Young
1637:Henry Laurence Gantt
1577:Cheaper by the Dozen
1562:Cheaper by the Dozen
1555:Belles on Their Toes
1547:Cheaper by the Dozen
1527:Belles on Their Toes
1520:Cheaper by the Dozen
1221:Cheaper by the Dozen
1196:Belles on Their Toes
1113:Cheaper by the Dozen
1053:The Gilbreth Network
1041:The Gilbreth Network
637:Robert Thurston Kent
541:Belles on Their Toes
504:Cheaper by the Dozen
299:Sioux City Warehouse
202:Cheaper by the Dozen
32:Cheaper by the Dozen
2113:2018: Todd R. Allen
2024:Edmund T. Pratt Jr.
2016:Rawleigh Warner Jr.
1973:Patrick E. Haggerty
1778:Charles R. Hook Sr.
1738:John Milton Hancock
1728:(posthumously) and
1670:Henry Wallace Clark
970:The Washington Post
939:The Washington Post
385:Lackawanna Terminal
379:Gilbreth died of a
353:Oakland, California
249:English High School
115:Industrial engineer
2368:Writers from Maine
1893:Lawrence A. Appley
1710:Paul Eugene Holden
1702:William Loren Batt
1334:on 3 January 2016.
1296:Historic Nantucket
1074:The New York Times
635:. Introduction by
583:Bricklaying System
435:
420:
30:For the author of
2295:
2294:
2260:People/Characters
2126:
2125:
2083:William R. Timken
2067:Roy M. Huffington
1941:Donald C. Burnham
1909:Ralph J. Cordiner
1829:Walker Lee Cisler
1813:Thomas E. Millsop
1805:Frank Henry Neely
1718:Dexter S. Kimball
1662:Henry S. Dennison
1587:
1586:
1387:on 22 March 2012.
1379:Ferguson, David.
1253:978-0-89806-186-4
1224:. HarperCollins.
1199:. HarperCollins.
1027:978-0-8142-0567-9
847:Management Theory
827:978-0-415-30946-2
795:978-0-8103-9183-3
741:978-1-55553-612-1
428:
347:Gilbreth married
318:Purdue University
195:and a pioneer of
186:
185:
133:Time-motion study
34:and his son, see
16:(Redirected from
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2008:Walter A. Fallon
2002:
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1965:Willard Rockwell
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1933:Frederick Kappel
1927:
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1845:Harold F. Smiddy
1839:
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1821:Clarence Francis
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1797:Thomas Roy Jones
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1678:Horace B. Cheney
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1538:Film adaptations
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1427:
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1388:
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1374:on 6 April 2012.
1370:. Archived from
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1335:
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1326:
1303:
1290:
1283:The World's Work
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1188:. Prentice Hall.
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694:Internet Archive
678:
675:Internet Archive
659:
656:Internet Archive
648:— (1912).
644:
641:Internet Archive
629:— (1911).
625:
622:Internet Archive
580:— (1909).
429:
231:Fairfield, Maine
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76:Fairfield, Maine
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1694:Morris E. Leeds
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1177:Further reading
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973:. June 15, 1924
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684:Gilbreth, L. M.
594:
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552:alone in 1962.
548:was written by
532:Gabrielle Union
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404:Main articles:
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2019:
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1957:John T. Connor
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1649:
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1639:(posthumously)
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1512:Family memoirs
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1353:on 7 May 2016.
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1289:(3): 321–336.
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1231:0-06-008460-X
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1212:
1208:
1206:0-06-059823-9
1202:
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996:, p. 98)
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946:on 2009-02-02
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484:Fatigue study
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87:June 14, 1924
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33:
19:
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2050:2000–present
1576:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1546:
1525:
1518:
1495:
1452:
1398:. Retrieved
1385:the original
1381:"Books List"
1372:the original
1348:the original
1329:the original
1305:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1243:
1219:
1194:
1185:
1164:. Retrieved
1162:. 2018-05-31
1159:
1150:
1138:. Retrieved
1128:
1118:, retrieved
1112:
1105:
1087:
1082:
1073:
1048:
1036:
1012:
1001:
994:George (1968
989:
981:
975:. Retrieved
968:
959:
948:. Retrieved
944:the original
937:
928:
916:. Retrieved
906:
894:. Retrieved
884:
875:
871:
865:
846:
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780:
766:
731:
688:
669:
650:
631:
620:– via
582:
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554:
545:
539:
524:Steve Martin
513:Clifton Webb
502:
496:
487:
471:
462:
455:
450:
436:
431:
381:heart attack
378:
369:
346:
337:
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315:
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292:
288:
275:
262:
246:
235:
228:
207:
200:
188:
187:
89:(1924-06-14)
72:July 7, 1868
31:
2313:1924 deaths
2308:1868 births
1579:(2022 film)
1564:(2003 film)
1549:(1950 film)
1302:(2): 20–22.
878:(1): 69–95.
528:Bonnie Hunt
499:guinea pigs
443:World War I
325:bricklaying
270:bricklaying
103:Occupations
2302:Categories
2099:Dean Kamen
2059:Paul Soros
1166:2021-01-11
1120:2022-04-11
977:2008-07-08
950:2008-07-08
703:References
564:Bill Gates
536:Zach Braff
266:bricklayer
68:1868-07-07
1983:1976–1999
1788:1951–1975
1628:1929–1950
1270:Q33077570
1218:(2002) .
758:Q28474683
682:—;
663:—;
618:32552248M
610:190641233
521:comedians
517:Myrna Loy
478:stopwatch
447:therbligs
220:Biography
177:Frank Jr.
173:Ernestine
1503:Therblig
1266:Wikidata
1262:1816375W
1242:(1998).
1140:11 April
754:Wikidata
750:8574074M
686:(1917).
667:(1916).
602:74014805
278:scaffold
168:Children
2081:2003:
1400:July 5,
786:759–760
306:Ontario
162:
150:
110:Builder
2252:(2022)
2244:(2005)
2236:(2003)
2228:(1952)
2220:(1950)
2201:(1950)
2193:(1948)
2182:Novels
2105:2009:
2097:2007:
2089:2004:
2073:2002:
2065:2001:
2057:2000:
2038:1998:
2030:1988:
2022:1987:
2014:1984:
2006:1983:
1998:1982:
1990:1976:
1971:1975:
1963:1974:
1955:1973:
1947:1972:
1939:1971:
1931:1970:
1923:1969:
1915:1968:
1907:1965:
1899:1964:
1891:1963:
1883:1962:
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493:Legacy
343:Family
242:Boston
181:Robert
179:, and
156:
139:Spouse
97:, U.S.
78:, U.S.
2209:Films
1351:(PDF)
1344:(PDF)
1332:(PDF)
1325:(PDF)
1018:58–76
918:9 May
776:(PDF)
439:major
375:Death
160:)
152:(
148:
2173:and
1402:2021
1248:ISBN
1226:ISBN
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1142:2022
1093:IMDb
1022:ISBN
920:2016
898:2021
851:ISBN
822:ISBN
790:ISBN
736:ISBN
606:OCLC
598:LCCN
588:ISBN
534:and
526:and
515:and
408:and
395:Work
158:1904
84:Died
62:Born
1091:at
387:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
