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460:" arrangement. This was designed to place the mortars as closely together as possible, in the hope of scoring multiple hits on an enemy ship by firing simultaneously in a bracketing "shotgun" pattern. The battery had four pits in a square arrangement, with four mortars per pit, also in a square. The pits were separated by a traverse, which were the ammunition magazines and storages areas that ran the width and breadth of the Battery. These were built of concrete, backfilled with sand, and covered with vegetation. The entire battery was surrounded by a high concrete wall covered with earth for land defense. This arrangement was used at a number of early Endicott forts. However, simultaneously reloading the mortars in each pit proved cumbersome. Four mortars - the mortar closest to the magazine door in each pit - were removed and emplaced in the adjacent Navesink Highlands at the
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333:. At some point, with the casemate tier of the three seacoast fronts largely complete, the fort was redesigned to speed its overall completion, basically by eliminating the landward bastion and simplifying its neighboring bastions. Following the Civil War, it was determined that masonry forts were vulnerable to rifled guns, and funding for their construction was cut off in 1867. The fort remained incomplete until 1885, when almost all of it was cannibalized to build the Sandy Hook Proving Ground, the new Fort Hancock, and supporting structures such as a
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1135:
368:, which in 1885 proposed a new, comprehensive system of forts defending port cities. Fort Hancock was one of the first forts built and prototyped several weapon installations. The first batteries begun at Fort Hancock were Battery Potter and Battery Reynolds (later Reynolds-McCook), initially the "Gun Lift Battery" and the "Sandy Hook Mortar Battery", both of which were built with high walls all around for land defense, a feature not found in most subsequent US installations.
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system fort, and were divided in 1904 after expansion to nine guns. The unnamed one-gun battery contained a 4.72-inch (120 mm) French-made
Schneider gun unique in the US artillery system; it was probably a test gun from the Proving Ground pressed into service after the outbreak of the Spanish–American War. The 3-inch (76 mm) batteries were often called "mine defense" guns, intended to defend a minefield against
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94:
377:
71:
427:, a Civil War general. By 1907 several additional batteries were completed at Fort Hancock, and with the construction of Battery Arrowsmith under way to cover its sector, Battery Potter was disarmed. Three spare gun lift carriages were modified as barbette carriages, designated Altered Gun Lift Carriage M1897, and emplaced at
1175:
on M1900 pedestal mount, seen at
Emplacement Number 1 of Battery Fremont Peck. This exact gun, and an identical gun also mounted at Battery Peck, were moved to Battery John Gunnison in 1943, where the Battery became "Battery New Peck." They remain there to this day, and Battery Gunnison / New Peck is
964:
in
Maryland. The three 8-inch (203 mm) guns of Battery Arrowsmith were removed. Unusually, Battery Reynolds-McCook was stripped of all its mortars, and the mortars at Highlands were also removed. The 3-inch (76 mm) M1898 guns of Battery Urmston were removed in 1920 as one of several weapon
418:
serial no. 11, the first operational gun of the
Endicott Program) and was completed in 1894, but for some reason was not accepted for service until 1898, possibly due to extensive testing. The gun lift system proved expensive to build and operate, as the steam plant had to be running continuously to
304:
began in 1857 and ceased in 1867, with the fort serviceable though largely incomplete. This fort was never officially named, but since the area was named Fort
Hancock in 1895 it is often called by that name. It was sometimes locally called Fort Lincoln or Fort Hudson. Originally two tower forts were
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was formed in
September, 2012, intended for citizens to advise the National Park Service on potential redevelopment of the Fort's unused buildings. Since then, various rehabilitation and adaptive re-use proposals have been solicited for lease of the various buildings from the National Park Service.
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carriage mounted on a hydraulic elevator. A steam plant powered the hydraulic system. One advantage of the gun lift carriage not found in most US disappearing gun installations was 360° all-around fire. Battery Potter (known as "Gun Lift
Battery No. 1" until named in 1903) received its first gun in
1122:
Nike Site NY-56 remains one of the few Nike batteries left in the nation where both the launch and radar sections survive intact. The Launch Area was heavily damaged in
Hurricane Sandy, but the radar site, located at Horseshoe Cove, is under restoration by US Army Air Defense Artillery veterans of
871:
problems and were withdrawn from service by 1902. Batteries
Bloomfield, Richardson, Halleck, and Alexander together formed the "Nine Gun Battery" with one of the longest continuous gun lines in the Endicott system. They were begun as the seven-gun Battery Halleck in 1896, built on top of the third
1102:
are displayed at the fort. Battery
Gunnison was the only gun battery at Fort Hancock that wasn't salvaged for scrap after World War 2, and still retains these two guns on barbette carriages, made in 1903. The Battery has been undergoing an in-depth restoration since 2003 by the Army Ground Forces
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until raised to fire. Most of the weapons in the program were mounted on Buffington-Crozier disappearing carriages. However, early on there was doubt that this carriage could successfully raise and lower a 12-inch (305 mm) gun. The alternative developed for this was the gun lift carriage,
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providing adequate gun defenses for Greater New York, Fort Hamilton's other 6-inch (152 mm) through 12-inch (305 mm) weapons were gradually scrapped in 1942–43. In 1943 a harbor entrance control post was built on the long-defunct Battery Potter, and Battery Gunnison was rebuilt to
1103:
Association, a non-profit group of living historians who have brought the Battery back to how it looked in 1943, and who offer living history programs throughout the year. The Army Ground Forces Association is also an official Park Partner with the National Park Service.
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provide pressure for elevator operation. Other early 12-inch gun installations were on simple non-disappearing barbette carriages until the M1896 Buffington-Crozier carriage was developed for the 12-inch gun. Although a few installations such as Battery Torbert at
931:; several other weapons including the other guns of Battery Halleck and the three 8-inch (203 mm) guns of Battery Arrowsmith were listed for removal but remained at the fort. Battery Engle's single 5-inch (127 mm) gun was removed for service as a
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In 1946 it was determined that gun defenses were obsolete, and Fort Hancock's guns were scrapped. The fort was deactivated with the demise of the Coast Artillery Corps in 1950, but a year later was re-activated as a base for 90 mm (3.54 in) and
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Fort Hancock has one of the largest collections of preserved Endicott batteries anywhere, including various experimental batteries at the former proving ground. Significant remains include the dynamite gun battery and the test battery for the
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on a wheeled carriage and not returned to the fort, as were almost all of the 5-inch (127 mm) M1897 guns forcewide. Also, four mortars (one from each pit) of Battery Reynolds-McCook were removed in 1917 to be remounted at the
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989:
In 1940–41 Fort Hancock served as a mobilization center, with first a tent city and subsequently numerous temporary buildings accommodating trainees. With Batteries Kingman and Mills and 16-inch (406 mm) batteries at
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This photo shows a mortar pit of the Abbot Quad period. This illustrates the difficulty of reloading four mortars in this configuration. Three of four mortars and 30 soldiers are visible in the crowded
927:. Fort Hancock was less affected than most forts, probably due to its being a primary defense for New York City. One 10-inch (254 mm) gun of Battery Halleck was removed for potential service as
464:. In later battery design, the pits were first built with open backs for the four mortars, and then ultimately redesigned to be arranged in a line with open backs, and two mortars per emplacement.
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969:
had become the primary gun defenses for Greater New York; however, the older guns remained in place until World War II. The new 12-inch batteries originally had open emplacements; these were
2417:
2363:
2004:
981:, totaling two 12-inch railway mortars and two 8-inch railway guns, were stationed at the fort. Subsequently, the fort was used as a practice range for other railway artillery units.
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2286:
867:; these used a dynamite-loaded projectile with a much larger explosive charge than conventional guns of similar bore. However, they also had a much lower velocity with consequent
329:
totaling 173 guns on three seacoast fronts, with another 39 guns covering the landward approaches. As was common in Third System forts in the Northeast, it was built primarily of
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were begun as gun lift batteries, these were completed with disappearing guns, and Battery Potter was the only gun lift battery completed. In 1903 Battery Potter was named for
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2196:
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1981:
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1003:. This battery also became known as Battery New Peck. Two Anti-Motor Torpedo Boat (AMTB) batteries were established at the fort, each with an authorized strength of four
960:
Following World War I a number of additional changes took place in the Coast Artillery, and Fort Hancock was no exception. The proving ground functions were relocated to
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2019:
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1974:
122:
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1007:, two on fixed mounts and two on towed mounts. AMTB 7 was at a location that is unclear from references, while AMTB 8 was at the "old" Battery Peck.
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In 1901 coast artillery companies were created by redesignating the heavy artillery companies which previously garrisoned forts, and in 1907 the
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in Manila Bay, Philippines. Many of the garrison buildings survive. However, only a small part of one wall of the third system fort, with four
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1967:
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As of 2018, a few of the structures are under lease or letters of intent. The NPS is also seeking repairs to structures heavily damaged by
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types withdrawn from service at this time. The new long-range 12-inch (305 mm) batteries and a 16-inch (406 mm) gun battery at
2543:
2523:
2508:
2503:
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a number of changes took place at forts in the US, with a view to getting US-manned heavy and railway artillery into service on the
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908:
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1209:
2014:
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Battery Reynolds (half of which was renamed as Battery McCook in 1906) was a battery of sixteen 12-inch caliber mortars in the "
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1900:
1824:
1294:
310:
297:
180:
1990:
1922:
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978:
48:
1094:(the biggest gun produced in the Civil War era), a 10-inch (254 mm) Rodman gun, several Nike missiles, and two rare
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17:
1881:
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354:
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at Fort Hancock with two guns each on long-range barbette carriages; these were completed in 1921 and named Battery
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was operated in conjunction with Fort Hancock. It is now part of Fort Hancock Memorial Park. It was preceded by the
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600:
305:
proposed, but a much larger single fort was decided on instead. The initial design of the fort was by then-Captain
283:, built in 1764 and the oldest working lighthouse in the United States, is located on the grounds of Fort Hancock.
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1360:
920:
257:
245:
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937:
900:. In 1924 this was renamed as the Harbor Defenses of Sandy Hook. On 9 May 1942 Fort Hancock became part of the
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1932:
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897:
564:
457:
924:
901:
360:
In 1890 construction began on the artillery batteries at Fort Hancock, which was named for Major General
265:
264:, with its first gun batteries operational in 1896. The fort served from then until 1950 as part of the
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1490:
57:
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base (site NY-56). This lasted through 1974, when the stateside Nike missile system was deactivated.
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346:
269:
545:
1893:
A Legacy in Brick and Stone: American Coastal Defense Forts of the Third System, 1816-1867, 2nd Ed
1112:
961:
365:
2024:
1751:
1482:
740:
361:
241:
110:
884:
Fort Hancock was originally part of the New York Artillery District, part of which became the
2029:
2009:
1855:
Encyclopedia of Historic Forts: The Military, Pioneer, and Trading Posts of the United States
1639:
1338:
1284:
1959:
1060:
974:
949:
945:
641:
8:
1611:
Coast Artillery Organization – A Brief Overview, Bolling W. Smith & William C. Gaines
384:
1467:
1043:, and in 2018 the NPS decided to raze the buildings, with demolition to begin in 2020.
1004:
1000:
415:
234:
201:
1896:
1877:
1858:
1839:
1820:
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undergoing a full restoration to how it looked in 1943 at the height of World War 2.
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670:
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411:
393:
350:
253:
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1541:
2423:
University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
1304:
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1172:
1123:
the Cold War era, several of whom were stationed at Fort Hancock in the 1960s-70s.
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1095:
863:
were built as well. Battery Dynamite was one of a few built for Zalinski pneumatic
828:
806:
767:
748:
727:
708:
611:
556:
532:
424:
397:
280:
1084:
1036:
811:
772:
261:
1916:
1600:. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. pp. 1024–1025.
1024:
defenses. The fort was deactivated again in 1953, but reactivated in 1956 as a
896:. However, circa 1915 Fort Hancock became its own coast defense command as the
893:
683:
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that has been growing unchecked on the six-acre property for about 40 years.
1017:
889:
662:
420:
306:
176:
137:
124:
2534:
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
1927:
1447:
1189:
1068:
1040:
1025:
977:
from 1919 until the 1930s. In 1931 Batteries C and E of the 2nd Battalion,
864:
502:
428:
268:
and predecessor organizations. Between 1874 and 1919, the adjacent US Army
1940:
991:
966:
873:
436:
432:
1936:
a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
1806:
Gaines, William C., Coast Artillery Organizational History, 1917-1950,
1216:
1091:
1072:
337:. A small portion of one wall remains in place with four cannon ports.
249:
2418:
List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
1116:
1052:
932:
1946:
1678:
2519:
National Register of Historic Places in Monmouth County, New Jersey
1021:
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accommodate the 6-inch pedestal-mounted guns of Battery Peck as an
970:
570:
406:
322:
318:
1328:
401:
392:
Battery Potter was the prototype battery for the steam-hydraulic
334:
330:
314:
447:
41:
Fort Hancock and the Sandy Hook Proving Ground Historic District
1951:
1727:
376:
326:
1353:"Fort Hancock and Sandy Hook Proving Ground Historic District"
940:
to the south of Sandy Hook. In 1917 construction began on two
1989:
973:
against air attack in 1942–43. Fort Hancock was generally in
70:
1774:
Coast Defense Study Group newsletter, August 2017, pp. 5-18
1653:"Sandy Hook buildings from World War II will be demolished"
400:, which would remain concealed behind a concrete-and-earth
237:
1679:"Goats defending New Jersey historic site from poison ivy"
1562:
National Archives and Records Administration, RG 392 index
349:
was established as a weapons testing area, primarily for
190:
Third System (1857 fort), Endicott Program (Fort Hancock)
1952:
Army Ground Forces Association, reenactors at Sandy Hook
1140:
Fort Hancock Historic Post, showing Guardian Park, with
1063:. A museum is managed as part of the Sandy Hook Unit of
911:
was established to operate the country's new defenses.
296:
The Sandy Hook area was first fortified as part of the
1934:
Fort Hancock: A Bastion of America's Eastern Seaboard,
357:
and was organizationally separate from Fort Hancock.
1252:
276:, built 1857–1867 and demolished beginning in 1885.
2020:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1359:. National Park Service. 2008-06-23. Archived from
472:By 1909 the following batteries were constructed:
2051:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
1231:10-inch Rodman gun in front of officers' quarters
2465:
93:
2443:National Register of Historic Places portal
1836:The U. S. Army in World War I: Orders of Battle
1768:
1650:
904:and the Sandy Hook command was disestablished.
388:Contemporary view of entrance to Battery Potter
2539:Closed installations of the United States Army
1943:at the Coast Defense Study Group, Inc. website
1975:
1947:FortWiki, lists most CONUS and Canadian forts
1789:American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide
1709:Can battle to save Fort Hancock still be won?
1051:Fort Hancock was decommissioned as an active
364:in 1895. These resulted from the large-scale
1817:Seacoast Fortifications of the United States
1528:
1526:
1055:installation in 1974. It is now part of the
1039:damaged Buildings 119 and 120, built during
1018:120 mm (4.72 in) antiaircraft guns
1584:
1493:information pamphlet. Accessed 2008-02-22.)
859:Facilities for planting and controlling an
2549:Military installations established in 1859
1982:
1968:
1941:List of all US coastal forts and batteries
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1357:National Historic Landmark summary listing
2489:National Historic Landmarks in New Jersey
1991:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1890:
1594:US Army Order of Battle 1919–1941, vol. 2
1523:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
49:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1496:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1300:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
909:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
446:
383:
375:
317:irregular pentagon, with two tiers (one
58:U.S. National Historic Landmark District
1871:
1852:
1833:
1717:(June 1, 2018). Retrieved July 4. 2018.
1624:
1452:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1080:21st Century Federal Advisory Committee
1067:. In 2013, the Park Service introduced
979:52nd Coast Artillery (Railway) Regiment
14:
2494:Military and war museums in New Jersey
2484:Museums in Monmouth County, New Jersey
2466:
1786:
1604:
1468:Fort Hancock at American Forts Network
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1329:"National Register Information System"
2554:Military installations closed in 1974
1963:
1814:
1404:
1345:
1295:Seacoast defense in the United States
789:4.72-inch (120 mm) Schneider gun
291:
181:United States Army Corps of Engineers
2529:1974 disestablishments in New Jersey
2479:Military installations in New Jersey
1919:– from National Park Service partner
1590:
1390:
1334:National Register of Historic Places
1243:Nike-Ajax and Nike-Hercules missiles
1819:. Annapolis: Leeward Publications.
1374:
1321:
1071:to the fort in order to clear away
886:Coast Defenses of Southern New York
396:. The Endicott Program centered on
24:
2406:National Historic Preservation Act
1810:, vol. 23, issue 2, pp. 6-8, 25-27
955:
589:12-inch (305 mm) mortar M1886
313:. The fort was designed as a five-
25:
2565:
2544:Military history of New York City
2524:1859 establishments in New Jersey
1910:
1689:from the original on 30 July 2013
1057:National Parks of New York Harbor
521:8-inch (203 mm) dynamite gun
298:third system of US fortifications
2509:Gateway National Recreation Area
2504:Lighthouse museums in New Jersey
2448:
2447:
2436:
1917:Fort Hancock visitor information
1728:"Army Ground Forces Association"
1640:52nd Railway Artillery Battalion
1487:Gateway National Recreation Area
1269:
1255:
1236:
1224:
1208:
1196:
1181:
1165:
1149:
1133:
1065:Gateway National Recreation Area
1031:
92:
85:
69:
2514:Middletown Township, New Jersey
1815:Lewis, Emanuel Raymond (1979).
1791:(Second ed.). CDSG Press.
1780:
1752:"Fort Hancock Nike Association"
1744:
1720:
1701:
1671:
1644:
1633:
1615:
1575:
1566:
1555:
1546:
1535:
1514:
1096:6-inch (152 mm) M1900 guns
984:
942:12-inch (305 mm) batteries
921:American entry into World War I
879:
691:10-inch (254 mm) gun M1888
671:10-inch (254 mm) gun M1888
650:12-inch (305 mm) gun M1895
630:12-inch (305 mm) gun M1888
608:12-inch (305 mm) gun M1888
541:12-inch (305 mm) gun M1888
412:12-inch (305 mm) gun M1888
340:
2359:Federated States of Micronesia
2005:Architectural style categories
1928:Fort Hancock Historic District
1651:Badamo, Melissa (2020-06-22).
1505:
1472:
1188:Officers' Row, 1973. Photo by
1005:90 mm (3.54 in) guns
996:Highlands Military Reservation
938:Highlands Military Reservation
914:
768:5-inch (127 mm) gun M1897
749:6-inch (152 mm) gun M1903
728:6-inch (152 mm) gun M1900
709:8-inch (203 mm) gun M1888
462:Highlands Military Reservation
196:
27:Former United States Army fort
13:
1:
1895:. McLean, VA: Redoubt Press.
1787:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2004).
1542:Dynamite guns at NavWeaps.com
1310:
1203:Officers Houses, seen in 2021
847:3-inch (76 mm) gun M1903
829:3-inch (76 mm) gun M1903
807:3-inch (76 mm) gun M1898
1874:World War II Order of Battle
1834:Rinaldi, Richard A. (2004).
1448:Fort Hancock at FortWiki.com
898:Coast Defenses of Sandy Hook
565:12-inch (305 mm) mortar
30:United States historic place
7:
1891:Weaver II, John R. (2018).
1872:Stanton, Shelby L. (1991).
1853:Roberts, Robert B. (1988).
1248:
1098:at Battery New Peck a.k.a.
1010:
902:Harbor Defenses of New York
353:. This was operated by the
266:Harbor Defenses of New York
10:
2570:
2411:Historic Preservation Fund
2390:American Legation, Morocco
1491:U.S. National Park Service
1479:The Defenses of Sandy Hook
1126:
1046:
439:area of Washington state.
286:
75:Fort Hancock Memorial Park
2431:
2398:
2377:
2352:Lists by associated state
2351:
2310:
2043:
1997:
1263:American Civil War portal
1109:14-inch (356 mm) gun
380:Drawing of Battery Potter
347:Sandy Hook Proving Ground
270:Sandy Hook Proving Ground
220:
212:
207:
195:NRHP reference
194:
186:
171:
159:1857 (Fort at Sandy Hook)
153:
116:
106:
80:
68:
64:
55:
46:
39:
35:
2333:Northern Mariana Islands
1591:Clay, Steven E. (2010).
1090:A 20-inch (508 mm)
187:Architectural style
1923:History of Fort Hancock
1857:. New York: Macmillan.
962:Aberdeen Proving Ground
311:Army Corps of Engineers
2499:Sandy Hook, New Jersey
2328:Minor Outlying Islands
2311:Lists by insular areas
2025:Keeper of the Register
1020:, the first stateside
501:15-inch (381 mm)
453:
389:
381:
362:Winfield Scott Hancock
300:. Construction on the
111:Sandy Hook, New Jersey
2030:National Park Service
2010:Contributing property
1808:Coast Defense Journal
1339:National Park Service
1285:Sandy Hook Lighthouse
1160:at the proving ground
450:
387:
379:
351:coast defense weapons
162:1874 (proving ground)
138:40.46389°N 74.00278°W
2385:District of Columbia
1838:. General Data LLC.
1732:armygroundforces.org
1581:Stanton, pp. 477–481
1572:Rinaldi, pp. 165–166
1387:Roberts, pp. 516-518
1158:14" disappearing gun
1061:National Park System
888:in 1913, along with
861:underwater minefield
468:Initial construction
260:and the entrance to
221:Designated NHLD
2474:Forts in New Jersey
1621:Berhow, pp. 416–420
1552:Berhow, pp. 198–199
1520:Berhow, pp. 146–147
1511:Berhow, pp. 138–139
1502:Berhow, pp. 130–133
1401:Weaver, pp. 160–164
1341:. January 23, 2007.
1001:examination battery
355:Ordnance Department
246:Middletown Township
165:1890 (Fort Hancock)
143:40.46389; -74.00278
134: /
753:disappearing M1903
713:disappearing M1894
694:disappearing M1896
675:disappearing M1896
654:disappearing M1901
633:disappearing M1896
454:
390:
382:
302:Fort at Sandy Hook
292:Fort at Sandy Hook
274:Fort at Sandy Hook
256:base defended the
235:United States Army
18:Fort at Sandy Hook
2461:
2460:
2015:Historic district
1902:978-1-7323916-1-1
1876:. Galahad Books.
1826:978-0-929521-11-4
1714:Asbury Park Press
1658:Asbury Park Press
1277:New Jersey portal
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394:gun lift carriage
254:coastal artillery
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208:Significant dates
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405:essentially a
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372:Battery Potter
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1363:on 2009-02-25
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1142:Nike-Hercules
1136:
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1032:Post-Cold War
1029:
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926:
925:Western Front
922:
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910:
905:
903:
899:
895:
891:
890:Fort Hamilton
887:
877:
875:
870:
866:
865:dynamite guns
862:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
839:
835:
832:
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827:
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530:
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523:
520:
517:
514:
513:
509:
506:
504:
500:
497:
494:
493:
490:Years active
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
476:
473:
467:
466:
465:
463:
459:
449:
442:
441:
440:
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421:Fort Delaware
417:
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307:Robert E. Lee
303:
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259:
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239:
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223:
219:
215:
213:Added to NRHP
211:
206:
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193:
189:
185:
182:
178:
177:Robert E. Lee
174:
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119:
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105:
88:
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72:
67:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
38:
34:
19:
2257:South Dakota
2247:Rhode Island
2242:Pennsylvania
2222:North Dakota
1956:
1933:
1892:
1873:
1854:
1835:
1816:
1807:
1788:
1781:Bibliography
1770:
1759:. Retrieved
1755:
1746:
1735:. Retrieved
1731:
1722:
1712:
1703:
1691:. Retrieved
1673:
1662:. Retrieved
1656:
1646:
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1626:
1617:
1606:
1593:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1557:
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1537:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1474:
1365:. Retrieved
1361:the original
1356:
1347:
1332:
1323:
1315:
1314:
1190:Arthur Tress
1121:
1105:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1069:Nubian goats
1050:
1041:World War II
1035:
1026:Nike missile
1014:
988:
985:World War II
959:
948:and Battery
918:
906:
883:
880:Organization
874:minesweepers
869:fire control
858:
612:disappearing
503:dynamite gun
481:No. of guns
471:
455:
429:Fort Flagler
391:
359:
345:In 1874 the
344:
341:Fort Hancock
301:
295:
278:
273:
233:is a former
231:Fort Hancock
230:
229:
2378:Other areas
2338:Puerto Rico
2172:Mississippi
2087:Connecticut
1219:with shells
1119:, remains.
1111:turrets of
992:Fort Tilden
967:Fort Tilden
915:World War I
437:Puget Sound
435:(1) in the
433:Fort Worden
141: /
117:Coordinates
2468:Categories
2287:Washington
2207:New Mexico
2202:New Jersey
2077:California
1761:2018-03-06
1737:2018-03-06
1664:2020-06-23
1483:Sandy Hook
1367:2008-06-24
1311:References
1217:Rodman gun
1173:6-inch gun
1117:embrasures
1092:Rodman gun
1073:poison ivy
1059:under the
853:1908–1946
836:1909–1946
817:1903–1920
795:1898-1898
778:1898–1917
756:1905–1946
735:1903–1946
716:1909–1920
702:Arrowsmith
697:1898–1942
678:1898–1944
657:1904–1944
642:Richardson
636:1899–1944
623:Bloomfield
617:1899–1943
595:1898–1923
576:1898–1918
551:1898–1907
527:1896–1902
510:1896–1902
458:Abbot Quad
416:Watervliet
250:New Jersey
242:Sandy Hook
129:74°00′10″W
126:40°27′50″N
2297:Wisconsin
2262:Tennessee
2167:Minnesota
2142:Louisiana
1683:ABC Local
1113:Fort Drum
1087:in 2012.
1053:U.S. Army
971:casemated
933:field gun
601:Alexander
484:Gun type
319:casemated
172:Architect
2453:Category
2282:Virginia
2232:Oklahoma
2212:New York
2187:Nebraska
2177:Missouri
2162:Michigan
2152:Maryland
2137:Kentucky
2117:Illinois
2092:Delaware
2082:Colorado
2072:Arkansas
1756:Facebook
1687:Archived
1481:(from a
1249:See also
1215:20-inch
1022:Cold War
1011:Cold War
994:and the
792:pedestal
741:Gunnison
571:barbette
557:Reynolds
546:gun lift
524:pedestal
515:Dynamite
507:pedestal
495:Dynamite
431:(2) and
410:1892 (a
407:barbette
323:barbette
202:80002505
107:Location
2399:Related
2302:Wyoming
2277:Vermont
2182:Montana
2122:Indiana
2102:Georgia
2097:Florida
2067:Arizona
2057:Alabama
1693:30 July
1144:missile
1127:Gallery
1047:Present
946:Kingman
822:Urmston
800:Urmston
783:Unnamed
684:Granger
663:Halleck
402:parapet
335:seawall
331:granite
315:bastion
309:of the
287:History
2237:Oregon
2192:Nevada
2132:Kansas
2107:Hawaii
2062:Alaska
1998:Topics
1899:
1880:
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1842:
1823:
1795:
1630:Gaines
841:Morris
582:McCook
533:Potter
452:space.
327:cannon
321:, one
252:. The
175:Capt.
2369:Palau
2267:Texas
2147:Maine
2112:Idaho
1598:(PDF)
1316:Notes
950:Mills
814:M1898
775:M1896
761:Engle
614:M1896
573:M1891
567:M1886
548:M1891
478:Name
325:) of
154:Built
2323:Guam
2272:Utah
2227:Ohio
2127:Iowa
1897:ISBN
1878:ISBN
1859:ISBN
1840:ISBN
1821:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1695:2013
1078:The
892:and
721:Peck
279:The
238:fort
244:in
240:at
197:No.
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