Flåm Line - Knowledge

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was moved to Flåm where responsibility was taken over by Adolph M. B. Kielland. To start with, there were 120 men working on the construction, although this quickly increased to 220. The numbers fluctuated between that and as low as 80, although hit an all-time high of 280 people in 1937. To house the employees, eight barracks were built. Among the first things built were housing and station buildings, which could then be used by people working on the construction. The local economy was stimulated by farmers being paid for transport. Using horses, they would transport tourists by day and building materials by night. The competition was fierce, resulting in fights for customers, although it calmed down after traffic police were introduced.

3070: 2095: 1720:. The plans to cancel the railway were stopped because of parliamentarian support for the railway. Part of the political support was because there was agreement on a national railway plan, and removing parts of it would disrupt the geographical compromise. However, Parliament did vote to reduce the number of intermediate stations to one, which would allow trains to meet at Berekvam. The cost saving for a road was estimated at 30 percent. The issue of a road was taken up in a new vote in Parliament in 1927, but was again rejected. 1749: 1911: 1673:

the way. Engineer Ferdinand Bjerke traveled to Continental Europe to study several combined railways. He published a preliminary report in 1911, which recommended an adhesion railway, although he also felt the need for a detailed study of a rack railway. His final report was finished in 1913, and although it recommended adhesion, it pointed out that the line's capacity would be smaller than predicted and that costs would be three times as high—NOK 5.5 million. The plans were approved by the

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than on other train routes. InterRail tickets are not valid for free travel, but give a 30 percent discount. Travel time varies between 50 and 59 minutes between the end stations. In 2007, the line was the third-most visited tourist attraction in Norway and carried 547,000 passengers in 2010. Between 1998 and 2015, the service is provided by

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NOK 1.2 million was to be paid by the local governments. The line was to have tracks which weighed 25 kilograms per meter (50 lb/yd). The curve radius was set to minimum 150 meters (490 ft), although exceptionally 125 meters (410 ft) was permitted. The steepest permitted gradient was 5.5 percent (1:18).

2073:. The locomotives had been delivered in 1987 and were intended for express train service, but had been plagued with technical problems and were not considered reliable enough to operate as single locomotives. The six newest trains of the class were painted in a new green livery and branded as Flåmsbana rather than NSB. Older 1614:

in 1909. During the construction of the Bergen Line, the path that ran up Flåmsdalen was upgraded by NSB to allow access to the area around Myrdal. This road was used by horse carriages and later cars, becoming an important access route to the area, but it was too steep and narrow for heavy vehicles.

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The line is solely served by a tourist-oriented service operated by Vy on behalf of Flåm Utvikling. From May through September, there are nine or ten departures in each direction per day. In the rest of the year, there are four. Fares do not follow the normal fares for Vy and are considerably higher

1841:, but changed the plans during the war and instead decided to use locomotives and cars. The Class 64 trains remained in service on the Flåm Line until May 1947. They were normally used on the Hardanger Line, but were regularly taken back into use on the Flåm Line when the traffic was at its lowest. 1784:

Laying of tracks started in 1936, and was assisted by two steam locomotives. The work started at Myrdal and reached Reinunga the first year, Kjosfossen Tunnel the second year and the Blomheller Tunnel in 1939. The first train to operate on a regular schedule was in October 1939, when a freight train

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Ten stations were built for the line, including a major upgrade to Myrdal and port facilities at Flåm. Myrdal Station was given side tracks and additional buildings to serve transferring passengers, with the upgrades costing NOK 0.5 million. Berekvam was the only place on-route which received a

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The tunnels were the most difficult and time-consuming part of construction. Of the twenty tunnels, machines were only used for the Nåli and Vatnahalsen Tunnels—the rest were built by hand. Hand-construction was done by drilling up to 4.2 meters (14 ft) through the rock, filling the holes with

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and was the geologically most unstable area on the route. The initial response was to plan for a tunnel past the area, but this was quickly rejected because of the high price. Instead, the line was moved further away from the mountain side. Other slides during construction included an avalanche near

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As both the other alternatives were discarded, consensus gradually grew for the Flåm alternative, and the Railway Committee for Nordre Bergenhus County recommended this proposal. New plans from NSB criticized the mix of rack and adhesion railway, and instead proposed a conventional adhesion line all

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In March 1997, NSB announced that they had plans to privatize the operations of the line from 1998. The responsibility for setting the schedule, selling tickets and marketing was transferred to Flåm Utvikling, a newly established company that NSB owned 49 percent of, and Aurland Ressursutvikling 51

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dynamite and blasting. Construction of tunnels started in 1924 and the first tunnel was completed in 1926; the last tunnel was completed in 1935. On average, tunneling proceeded at between 116 and 180 man-hours per meter (35–55 hr/ft). The work caused death or lifelong respiratory problems through

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The costs for the project ended at NOK 26,651,900, of which NOK 22.0 million was for the railway. This total included NOK 2.3 million for a power station and NOK 1.2 million for a ferry quay at Flåm. The largest cost was for earthwork, which ended at NOK 9.1 million; other

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The administration office for the construction was established in 1923 and was until 1935 located at Voss. In that period, construction was led by Peter Bernhard Kristian Lahlum, who was also responsible for the Hardanger Line. After the Hardanger Line was completed, Lahlum retired, and the office

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is located at 2.0 meters (6 ft 7 in) AMSL. The line's maximum gradient is 5.5 percent, and 16.1 kilometers (10.0 mi) of the line's 20.20 kilometers (12.55 mi) have at least 2.8 percent gradient. The line has standard gauge and a minimum curve radius of 130 meters (430 ft),

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and terminating the ferry service; also the private road built eastbound over the mountain for hydro-power plants was converted to national road (no 50) and improved. NSB was losing money on the line, in part because of very low revenue per rider. The same ticket prices were charged as elsewhere,

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The railway quickly saw an increase in traffic, with an average 11 percent annual increase from the opening until the mid-1950s. In part to allow access to Kjosfossen, Kjosfossen Station was opened in 1951. By then, ridership had stabilized at 115,000 people per year. A significant portion of the

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Passenger trains started running on 10 February 1941, also with two trains in each direction per day. Travel time was 65 minutes downhill and 80 minutes uphill. The official name of the line was decided by the ministry on 26 June 1941. From 1 May 1942, Rolf Aksnes took over as head engineer after

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in 1940, work started later in the season, but the German authorities wanted to speed up the work to make the line usable for steam trains that same year. They scheduled the line for completion in 1942. Track laying work was accelerated by increasing the number of workers from 58 to 195. Regular

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During the 1970s, NSB started the process of finding a replacement for the El 9. New locomotives would cost NOK 20 million, and the company saw it as unrealistic to invest so much in a marginal branch line. NSB had also concluded its away-with-the-steam program, and therefore had a lack of

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in 1916. However, the decision concerning technical specifications was not taken by Parliament until 1923, when it decided that the line was to be electric. The line was then estimated to cost NOK 14.5 million—the increase caused by inflation during the First World War—of which

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and thus the only location on the line where trains can meet. Because the station is unmanned and lacks CTC, crossing must be performed using flags at day and torches at night, set by personnel who travel from Myrdal or Flåm. At Høga, the railway crosses the river again, this time by the river

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was introduced on the night train between Flåm and Oslo in 1958. It made three trips in each direction per week during the summer season, and achieved an 84 percent occupancy rate. The same year, Berekvam Station became unmanned. Traffic remained stable throughout the 1960s, while interest in

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In 1972, the Flåm Line was rebuilt to allow an axle load of 18 tonnes (18 long tons; 20 short tons). El 11 was chosen as El 9's replacement in the mid-1970s, but it was not until November 1980 that El 11.2098 started being rebuilt for its new service. Upgrades included rheostatic brakes and

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Initially, there were three trains on the Bergen Line in each direction per day, so only a single locomotive was necessary on the Flåm Line. From 1949 there were two locomotives on the Flåm Line and from 1955 all three were used there. Five passenger cars in aluminum were delivered by

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wheel configuration. The locomotives weighed 48 tonnes (47 long tons; 53 short tons) and the maximum permitted train weight was 85 tonnes (84 long tons; 94 short tons). If the trains were to stop at Kårdal, the weight was further limited to 65 tonnes (64 long tons; 72 short tons).

2062:, a local bank. Flåm Utvikling also took over responsibility for other tourism-related activities in Flåm, such as port facilities. NSB would still operate the trains, and Flåm Utvikling would pay NSB the cost of running the trains, but keep the profits from the ticket sales. The 2037:

were borrowed during the summer for extra trains. These trains had larger windows than Class 69, giving better views. A museum and documentation center was established in 1995. Originally located in an annex of Fretheim Hotel, it moved in 1999 to the old station building at Flåm.

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locomotives in general. If a new class of locomotives was to be built, it would have to satisfy more than the requirements for the Flåm Line, so NSB instead started investigating whether any of the older models could be used. Tests were performed in 1971 and 1973 with

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Store Reppa on 10 February 1925, which deposited up to 3.5 meters (11 ft) of earth. In April 1925, a 1,000 cubic meters (35,000 cu ft) landslide took place above Berekvam. On 8 February 1928, an avalanche did some damage to the right-of-way near Nåli.

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carriages were renovated, given new panorama windows and painted in the same color scheme and taken into use on the line. In October 2000, NSB sold its shares in Flåm Utvikling to Aurland Ressursutvikling. The line received GSM-R from 1 May 2005. The same year,

2066:, which had been established in 1996 and had taken over the responsibility for infrastructure, retained ownership of the line itself. Flåm Utvikling also started building a cruise ship terminal at Flåm, so tourists could walk ashore and directly to the trains. 1901:

tickets. By then the annual ridership had reached 175,000. In 1970, an additional train was stationed at Flåm, which made it possible to travel a round trip between Flåm and Bergen in a day. Between 1975 and 1982, NSB started running direct trains between

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and Flåm. In 1978, the morning express trains on the Bergen Line started stopping at Myrdal, allowing better access for tourists to the Flåm Line. Traffic increased further until 1980, when it hit 200,000, and then remained stable through the decade.

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In 1915, the first proposal was launched for using a bus service as an alternative to the train. This was rejected because buses were not able to give the comfort and reliability of a train. The idea was proposed again in 1922 by the director of the

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and is the steepest standard-gauge railway in Europe. Maximum permitted speed upwards is 40 km/h (25 mph), while it is 30 km/h (19 mph) downhill. The line has eight stops, twenty tunnels and one bridge. The line is electrified at

1934:, and only post from Aurland went via the railway. Other products sent by the line were milk to the dairy in Voss, which terminated in 1983, as well as fruit. Partial loads saw a large increase during the 1960s, after NSB and the ferry operator 2025:

based on a fee per kilometer; the low speed combined with a lot of free travelers using InterRail tickets gave little revenue. From 1991, the ticket prices were increased as if the line was 20 kilometers (12 mi) longer. In 1992, a new

1669:. It was estimated to cost NOK 800,000, but NSB was concerned that the proposal's light rolling stock would not be sufficient to operate through snow during the winter. Estimated traffic for the Flåm Line was 22,000 annual passengers. 1483:

At Myrdal Station, the Flåm Line runs in the same direction as the trains towards Oslo, but immediately starts running downwards into the Flåmsdalen valley. The first part of the line runs through snow shelters and several short tunnels.

1566:, a branch of the Sognefjord, Flåm has 400 residents and is nearly exclusively a tourist area, featuring amongst other things a hotel and a cruise ship port. The station also has a railway museum dedicated to the Flåm Line. 1511:, traditionally serving the farm furthest up in the valley. The station is 6.34 kilometers (3.94 mi) from Myrdal and 557 meters (1,827 ft) AMSL. On the other side of the valley is Trodlatoppen, the site of several 1998:, new speed measurement and curve lights. The locomotive was taken into use on the Flåm Line in June 1982. A year later, El 11.2092 was also taken into use after a similar rebuild. El 9 remained in sporadic use until 1989. 1547:, located 13.90 kilometers (8.64 mi) from Myrdal and at 199 meters (653 ft) AMSL. Just before reaching the last tunnel, the 424-meter (1,391 ft) long Furuberget Tunnel, the line passes by the waterfall 1942:

was established. Following a reorganization, the number of calls was reduced to once per week. Freight volume fell further during the 1980s; an attempt in 1978 to force the three major distributors Linjegods,

1930:. From the opening, the Flåm Line was the fastest means of transport between Sogn and both Oslo and Bergen, and most post was also sent via the line. From 1977, most of the post was instead sent by truck via 1894:

developing the railway for tourists declined and local politicians stated that a road was needed to attract tourists to Aurland. The power station was upgraded to 14,000 kilowatts (19,000 hp) in 1969.

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is 5.5 percent (1:18). Because of its steep gradient and picturesque nature, the Flåm Line is now almost exclusively a tourist service and has become the third-most visited tourist attraction in Norway.

2009:, and were also used on the direct trains between Bergen and Flåm. The main disadvantage with the class was the small windows, as the trains were designed for commuter traffic rather than sight-seeing. 1814:

major costs were NOK 2.4 million for rolling stock, NOK 1.6 million for stations, NOK 1.2 for tracks, NOK 1.5 million for snow protection and NOK 675,000 for electrification.

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traffic consisted of tourists, in part from cruise ships docked in Flåm. In the latter half of the decade, NSB launched the Norway in a Nutshell package, which included a ride on the Flåm Line. A

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The 1920s saw high inflation and large public deficits. Several public committees were created solely to cut costs. One such proposal was to build a road to Flåm, with the proposal being led by

1641:) narrow gauge railway which would be 18.0 kilometers (11.2 mi) long. Most of the railway would be built as an adhesion railway with a 2.5 percent gradient, although part of it would be a 1558:, located 17.21 kilometers (10.69 mi) from Myrdal at 48 meters (157 ft) elevation, the valley widens and changes character, becoming flatter and with more vegetation. After passing 1963:, built between 1957 and 1966. Neither was considered optimal: El 11 allowed the train weight to increase to 100 tonnes (98 long tons; 110 short tons), but the train had the steps for the 1860:. The locomotives were custom-built for the steep gradients on the Flåm and Hardanger Lines, and were delivered with an axle load of 12 tonnes (12 long tons; 13 short tons) and a 1897:

In 1969, ridership increased by 10 percent and by 12 percent the following year. In 1971 and 1972, it saw a 20-percent increase—the latter representing the first year with

2997: 1657:. It was estimated to cost NOK 3.5 million, but was considered by local politicians to be inferior to the Flåm alternative. A third alternative was a combined 1975:, which were not suitable for the gradient; the locomotives were also better suited for mainline service and would therefore not be prioritized for branch lines. 1500:, 4.40 kilometers (2.73 mi) from Myrdal and 670 meters (2,200 ft) AMSL, which serves no other purpose than allowing tourists to look at the waterfall 1492:

and the 880-meter-long (2,890 ft) Vatnahalsen Tunnel. It exits the tunnel onto an artificial shelf on a cliff which falls several hundred meters down.

2059: 3720: 1944: 3746: 1948: 3102: 2055: 1698: 1649:(NOK). In 1904, a radically different route to Sognefjord was proposed: a 47.13-kilometer (29.29 mi) long adhesion line from Voss to 1562:, 18.60 kilometers (11.56 mi) from Myrdal and at 16 meters (52 ft) elevation, the line reaches the terminus at Flåm. Located on 1781:. Other stations received small, wooden buildings with a waiting room, as well as a room for cargo at Vatnahalsen, Håreina and Dalsbotn. 1716:, it was proposed that the railway be built as a road, and the tracks laid later. One of NSB's board members proposed instead building a 1395:. In 1992, freight services were terminated, and due to low ticket prices and high operating costs, the line was nearly closed. In 1998, 58: 1852:

on 4 October 1940. The units were delivered in 1942, with the electrical components from NEBB and the transformers and controllers from

1619:, which connected the Bergen Line to Hardangerfjord, opened in 1935, and was the county's first railway to open with electric traction. 3819: 2822: 1507:

The line then runs through the 1,341.5-meter-long (4,401 ft) Nåli Tunnel, the longest on the line. At the end of the tunnel lies

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between Myrdal and Berekvam ran three times a week. However, this service was stopped by the end of the month. With the

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is located 1.13 kilometers (0.70 mi) from Myrdal, at 811 meters (2,661 ft) AMSL. The line then runs through a

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every year. The line then runs through the 1,029-meter-long (3,376 ft) Blomhelleer Tunnel, after which it reaches

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caused by inhaling the smoke. There were two fatal accidents, one in 1925 and one 1938, both related to tunnel work.

1519:, 8.40 kilometers (5.22 mi) from Myrdal and 458 meters (1,503 ft) AMSL. The railway then crosses the river 1496:

is located 2.20 kilometers (1.37 mi) from Myrdal and at 767 meters (2,516 ft) elevation. It is followed by

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and include two short branch lines which would connect to the two major fjord systems in the area, Sognefjord and

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in 1987, with electrical equipment from NEBB. They have a power output of 3,000 kilowatts (4,000 hp) and a

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Kielland. During construction of the Bergen Line in 1898, the upper part of Kjosfossen had been built up with a

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of 12 tonnes (12 long tons; 13 short tons). At the time there were four trains each day, two in each direction.

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were taken into use starting on 10 August 1982. These had been allocated to Bergen District for use on the

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In 1924, there was a landslide at Høga, covering the area planned for the railway. The area was made of

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The first engineering surveys for the Flåm Line were performed in 1893. It resulted in a proposal for a

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When the line opened, it received a lot of freight traffic for the construction of a power station in

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power station. Another power station was built there, and taken into use on 27 October 1944. Built by

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passing loop. Flåm Station cost NOK 0.8 million and was designed in the 1930s NSB simple wooden

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Construction of the line started in 1924, with the line opening in 1940. It allowed the district of

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teamed up to send packages via Flåm to Oslo and Bergen. Flåm had several arrivals until 1973, when

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Regular operation with electric locomotives was introduced on 25 November 1944. To begin with,

1712:, who was director of Bergen Public Road Administration. In 1925, following the appointment of 1480:(CTC). The infrastructure is owned and operated by the Norwegian National Rail Administration. 3411: 2196: 1995: 1968: 1351:. The line's elevation difference is 866 meters (2,841 ft); it has ten stations, twenty 3784: 1551:, which with a 140-meter (460 ft) vertical drop is one of the line's main attractions. 3524: 3452: 2051: 2006: 1681: 1456: 1328: 3675: 1411:

as a subcontractor for Flåm Utvikling, while the line itself is owned and operated by the

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took over marketing and ticket sale for the line, prices were heavily increased and

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freight operation on the Flåm Line started on 1 August 1940, albeit limited to an

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with a gradient of 10.0 percent. It was at the time estimated to cost 3.3 million

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With the change of ownership, NSB also decided to replace the aging El 11 with

1919: 1717: 1626: 1616: 1611: 1600: 1559: 1538:, located at 344 meters (1,129 ft) AMSL. It is the only station to have a 1448: 1428: 1222: 371: 251: 96: 3401: 3361: 3185: 2826: 1701:

and later parliamentarian, who stated that the Nordre Bergenhus County (today

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locomotives were in service between 1998 and 2014. These are now replaced by

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service was introduced in Sogn with direct services to Bergen. In 1991, the

1873:. The cost of the three locomotives and five cars was NOK 2.4 million. 1344: 3710: 3645: 3437: 3326: 3321: 3306: 3160: 3130: 2116: 1999: 1890: 1861: 1831: 1723: 1642: 1604: 1539: 3316: 3080: 2856: 1817: 1520: 3685: 3665: 3635: 3605: 3595: 3488: 3396: 3341: 3215: 3150: 3140: 3063: 1978: 1931: 1610:

from Bergen to Voss opened in 1883, and the Bergen Line was completed as

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Until 1991, Flåm had correspondence between the train and the ferry to

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at each end and with B3 carriages. The locomotives were built by

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Plans to build a railway to connect Norway's two largest cities,

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At 10.51 kilometers (6.53 mi) from Myrdal, the line reaches

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Hofseth, Arne (22 October 2000). "NSB sel Flåmsbane-aksjar".

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trains were sometimes used during the summer season, here at

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running in a tunnel under the tracks. The next station is

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Flåmsbana: historien om en av verdens bratteste jernbaner

1423: 2195:"Flere reiser med halvprivat Flåmsbane" (in Norwegian). 2789:"West Norwegian Fjords – Geirangerfjord and Nærøyfjord" 2725:

Hofseth, Arne (7 March 1997). "Flåmsbana blir privat".

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In the lower parts, the valley widens and flattens out.

1408: 151: 3043: 1884:. Today, the ferry is used mostly for tourist trips. 1856:. A delay was caused by bombing of Per Kure by the 2176:Norwegian National Rail Administration (2009): 38 2167:Norwegian National Rail Administration (2009): 42 1474:Global System for Mobile Communications – Railway 3776: 304: 2029:was taken into use at Flåm. During the 1990s, 3096: 2973: 1837:were used. NSB had originally planned to use 2056:Industrial Development Corporation of Norway 1523:and runs through a series of short tunnels. 1407:in 2014). The trains remain operated by the 3110: 2748:(in Norwegian). 3 December 1997. p. 5. 2705:"Fem ombygde togsett settes ut i trafikk". 1951:to route traffic via the Flåm Line failed. 1591:in 1871. He proposed that the line run via 3103: 3089: 3068: 2098:Flåm Line train led by an El 18 locomotive 1727:Construction of the line at Melhus in 1939 1665:, which would be built between Myrdal and 1315:) is a 20.2-kilometer (12.6 mi) long 2951: 2720: 2718: 2020:opened, giving Flåm a road connection to 1403:locomotives were introduced (replaced by 2974:Gubberud, Ivar J.; Sunde, Helge (1992). 2711:(in Norwegian). 10 June 1992. p. 3. 2093: 2040: 1977: 1909: 1875: 1816: 1747: 1722: 1621: 1525: 1422: 2770: 2757: 2755: 2735: 2724: 2685:(in Norwegian). 14 May 1992. p. 6. 2647: 2645: 2617: 2615: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2505: 2503: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2357: 2355: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2142: 2140: 1773:style, similar to what is found on the 3777: 2994:Norwegian National Rail Administration 2715: 2309: 2307: 2288: 2286: 2284: 2282: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2233: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2215: 2163: 2161: 2064:Norwegian National Rail Administration 3084: 2119:wheel arrangement. Starting in 2014, 1691:Norwegian Public Roads Administration 1387:locomotives were used, and from 1982 1383:was taken into use in 1944; at first 3019: 2959:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Baneforlaget. 2752: 2642: 2612: 2603: 2560: 2544: 2512: 2500: 2491: 2439: 2416: 2402: 2364: 2352: 2265: 2179: 2137: 1703:Sogn og Fjordane County Municipality 2978:(in Norwegian). John Grieg Forlag. 2304: 2279: 2240: 2212: 2158: 1971:set for too high speeds. El 13 had 1959:, built between 1951 and 1964, and 1699:County Governor of Sogn og Fjordane 13: 2879:"Norges best besøkte attraksjoner" 1808:Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri 14: 3836: 3820:Standard gauge railways in Norway 3039: 2921:from the original on 24 July 2011 2679:"Flåm bur seg til jernbanefest". 2050:percent. The latter was owned by 3046: 2891:from the original on 24 May 2011 2799:from the original on 24 May 2011 2669:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 110 2146:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 125 1936:Fylkesbaatane i Sogn og Fjordane 1455:at 863.6 meters (2,833 ft) 1343:, it runs through the valley of 1242: 1205: 1172: 1149: 1126: 1089: 1066: 1043: 1020: 1000: 977: 954: 921: 902: 879: 856: 833: 810: 773: 750: 717: 694: 671: 634: 611: 589: 567: 539: 502: 469: 446: 423: 395: 388: 354: 326: 29: 3825:Tourist attractions in Vestland 2945: 2933: 2903: 2871: 2841: 2811: 2781: 2764: 2698: 2689: 2672: 2663: 2660:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 84 2654: 2651:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 83 2639:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 87 2633: 2630:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 86 2624: 2621:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 85 2609:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 76 2600:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 75 2594: 2591:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 66 2585: 2582:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 65 2576: 2573:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 64 2557:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 63 2541:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 61 2535: 2532:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 57 2526: 2523:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 56 2509:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 43 2497:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 42 2488:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 39 2482: 2479:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 36 2473: 2470:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 35 2464: 2461:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 34 2455: 2452:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 33 2436:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 31 2430: 2427:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 32 2413:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 29 2399:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 28 2393: 2390:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 26 2384: 2381:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 72 2361:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 25 2349:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 24 2343: 2334: 2331:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 19 2325: 2322:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 16 2316: 2295: 2276:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 41 2253:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 40 2237:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 44 1731: 1347:and connects the mainline with 1150: 1127: 1067: 1044: 1021: 978: 955: 880: 857: 834: 811: 751: 695: 672: 612: 590: 568: 540: 447: 424: 16:Railway line in Aurland, Norway 2340:Gubberud & Sunde (1992): 7 2256: 2203: 2170: 2149: 1677:and NSB's main board in 1915. 389: 1: 3790:1940 establishments in Norway 2887:(in Norwegian). 25 May 2008. 2126: 1431:, where it connects with the 1243: 396: 327: 3815:Railway lines opened in 1940 1825: 1821:El 9.2063 at display at Flåm 1001: 718: 7: 3800:Electric railways in Norway 1787:German occupation of Norway 1680:The plans were approved by 1574: 1478:centralized traffic control 1466:15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 1206: 1173: 1090: 922: 903: 774: 635: 503: 470: 355: 282:866 m (2,841 ft) 265:15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200:20.2 km (12.6 mi) 10: 3841: 2777:(in Norwegian). p. 5. 2731:(in Norwegian). p. 4. 2089: 2045:A section of the Flåm Line 1569: 274:40 km/h (25 mph) 3810:Railway lines in Vestland 3739: 3548: 3512: 3471: 3425: 3289: 3118: 2998:"Railway Statistics 2008" 1714:Mowinckel's First Cabinet 1695:Ingolf Elster Christensen 1236: 1199: 1166: 1158: 1143: 1135: 1120: 1083: 1075: 1060: 1052: 1037: 1029: 1014: 1009: 994: 986: 971: 963: 948: 915: 911: 896: 888: 873: 865: 850: 842: 827: 819: 804: 767: 759: 744: 711: 703: 688: 680: 665: 628: 620: 605: 598: 583: 576: 561: 533: 496: 463: 455: 440: 432: 417: 404: 382: 348: 335: 320: 289: 278: 270: 258: 222: 214: 204: 196: 191: 173: 168: 158: 143: 133: 123: 118: 110: 89: 52: 42: 37: 28: 23: 3591:Holmestrand–Hvittingfoss 2131: 1639:3 ft 6 in 1589:Andreas Tanberg Gløersen 1439:The Flåm Line runs from 1427:The Flåm Line starts at 1418: 138:Rail transport in Norway 3805:Railway lines in Norway 3112:Railway lines in Norway 3024:(in Norwegian). Skald. 3020:Thue, Johs. B. (2002). 2003:electric multiple units 1839:electric multiple units 1472:, and is equipped with 1339:. A branch line of the 2911:"Number of travellers" 2849:"Timetable and prices" 2099: 2046: 1996:electromagnetic brakes 1990: 1923: 1885: 1822: 1757: 1728: 1630: 1531: 1443:on the Bergen Line to 1436: 1312: 1076:Nedre Dalsbotn Tunnel 179:; 82 years ago 3586:Hauerseter–Gardermoen 2939:Aspenberg (2001): 118 2761:Aspenberg (2001): 121 2197:Norwegian News Agency 2097: 2044: 2033:commuter trains from 1981: 1913: 1879: 1820: 1751: 1726: 1625: 1529: 1426: 1379:via the Bergen Line. 1053:Øvre Dalsbotn Tunnel 2953:Aspenberg, Nils Carl 2123:replaced the El 17. 2052:Aurland Municipality 2007:Bergen Commuter Rail 1457:above mean sea level 1329:Aurland Municipality 987:Timberheller Tunnel 843:Melhusgjelet Tunnel 456:Toppen nedre Tunnel 177:15 October 1941 3631:Lillesand–Flaksvand 3347:Grünerløkka–Torshov 3191:Kirkenes–Bjørnevatn 3076:Flåm Railway Museum 2742:"Nyheter notiser". 2084:World Heritage Site 1587:, were launched by 1486:Vatnahalsen Station 1476:(GSM-R), but lacks 549:Vatnahalsen Tunnel 433:Toppen øvre Tunnel 70: / 2957:Elektrolok i Norge 2829:on 1 November 2013 2819:"The Flåm Railway" 2100: 2047: 1991: 1924: 1886: 1871:Strømmens Værksted 1844:NSB ordered three 1823: 1758: 1729: 1710:Hans Kristian Seip 1675:Ministry of Labour 1631: 1532: 1517:Blomheller Station 1498:Kjosfossen Station 1437: 1159:Furuberget Tunnel 1136:Spælemyren Tunnel 760:Blomheller Tunnel 3770: 3769: 3706:Tønsberg–Eidsfoss 3297:Bergen Light Rail 2708:Aftenposten Aften 2199:. 13 August 1998. 2107:consisting of an 2060:Aurland Sparebank 1973:rheostatic brakes 1965:voltage regulator 1848:locomotives from 1718:suspended railway 1381:Electric traction 1301: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1289: 1288: 889:Sjølskott Tunnel 279:Highest elevation 3832: 3535:Trondhjem–Støren 3246:Skøyen–Filipstad 3105: 3098: 3091: 3082: 3081: 3072: 3067: 3066: 3064:Official website 3056: 3051: 3050: 3049: 3035: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3006: 3000:. Archived from 2989: 2970: 2940: 2937: 2931: 2930: 2928: 2926: 2913:(in Norwegian). 2907: 2901: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2875: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2855:. Archived from 2851:(in Norwegian). 2845: 2839: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2825:. Archived from 2815: 2809: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2785: 2779: 2778: 2768: 2762: 2759: 2750: 2749: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2722: 2713: 2712: 2702: 2696: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2661: 2658: 2652: 2649: 2640: 2637: 2631: 2628: 2622: 2619: 2610: 2607: 2601: 2598: 2592: 2589: 2583: 2580: 2574: 2571: 2558: 2555: 2542: 2539: 2533: 2530: 2524: 2521: 2510: 2507: 2498: 2495: 2489: 2486: 2480: 2477: 2471: 2468: 2462: 2459: 2453: 2450: 2437: 2434: 2428: 2425: 2414: 2411: 2400: 2397: 2391: 2388: 2382: 2379: 2362: 2359: 2350: 2347: 2341: 2338: 2332: 2329: 2323: 2320: 2314: 2311: 2302: 2299: 2293: 2290: 2277: 2274: 2263: 2260: 2254: 2251: 2238: 2235: 2210: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2192: 2177: 2174: 2168: 2165: 2156: 2153: 2147: 2144: 2105:push–pull trains 2027:station building 2018:Gudvangen Tunnel 1640: 1636: 1545:Dalsbotn Station 1536:Berekvam Station 1494:Reinunga Station 1451:is located in a 1361:maximum gradient 1254: 1246: 1245: 1217: 1209: 1208: 1176: 1175: 1153: 1152: 1130: 1129: 1101: 1093: 1092: 1070: 1069: 1047: 1046: 1024: 1023: 1004: 1003: 981: 980: 958: 957: 925: 924: 906: 905: 883: 882: 860: 859: 837: 836: 814: 813: 785: 777: 776: 754: 753: 721: 720: 698: 697: 681:Kjosfoss Tunnel 675: 674: 646: 638: 637: 615: 614: 593: 592: 571: 570: 543: 542: 514: 506: 505: 473: 472: 450: 449: 427: 426: 399: 398: 392: 391: 366: 358: 357: 330: 329: 318: 317: 305: 291: 290: 254: 248: 246: 245: 241: 238: 230: 205:Number of tracks 187: 185: 180: 85: 84: 82: 81: 80: 75: 71: 68: 67: 66: 63: 33: 21: 20: 3840: 3839: 3835: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3830: 3829: 3775: 3774: 3771: 3766: 3735: 3544: 3508: 3467: 3453:Northern Norway 3421: 3285: 3166:Eastern Østfold 3114: 3109: 3062: 3061: 3054:Railways portal 3052: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3032: 3010: 3008: 3007:on 2 March 2012 3004: 2986: 2967: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2934: 2924: 2922: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2877: 2876: 2872: 2862: 2860: 2847: 2846: 2842: 2832: 2830: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2802: 2800: 2787: 2786: 2782: 2774:Bergens Tidende 2769: 2765: 2760: 2753: 2745:Bergens Tidende 2741: 2740: 2736: 2728:Bergens Tidende 2723: 2716: 2704: 2703: 2699: 2695:Thue (2002): 74 2694: 2690: 2682:Bergens Tidende 2678: 2677: 2673: 2668: 2664: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2643: 2638: 2634: 2629: 2625: 2620: 2613: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2577: 2572: 2561: 2556: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2531: 2527: 2522: 2513: 2508: 2501: 2496: 2492: 2487: 2483: 2478: 2474: 2469: 2465: 2460: 2456: 2451: 2440: 2435: 2431: 2426: 2417: 2412: 2403: 2398: 2394: 2389: 2385: 2380: 2365: 2360: 2353: 2348: 2344: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2317: 2313:Thue (2002): 60 2312: 2305: 2301:Thue (2002): 44 2300: 2296: 2292:Thue (2002): 34 2291: 2280: 2275: 2266: 2262:Thue (2002): 23 2261: 2257: 2252: 2241: 2236: 2213: 2209:Thue (2002): 20 2208: 2204: 2194: 2193: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2166: 2159: 2155:Thue (2002): 10 2154: 2150: 2145: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2092: 1828: 1734: 1647:Norwegian krone 1638: 1634: 1577: 1572: 1556:Håreina Station 1490:horseshoe curve 1421: 1269: 1264: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1232: 1227: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1195: 1190: 1182: 1177: 1162: 1154: 1139: 1131: 1116: 1111: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1079: 1071: 1056: 1048: 1033: 1025: 1005: 990: 982: 967: 964:Geithus Tunnel 959: 944: 939: 931: 926: 907: 892: 884: 869: 861: 846: 838: 823: 815: 800: 795: 787: 783: 778: 763: 755: 740: 735: 727: 722: 707: 699: 684: 676: 661: 656: 648: 644: 639: 624: 616: 601: 594: 579: 572: 557: 552: 544: 529: 524: 516: 512: 507: 492: 487: 479: 474: 459: 451: 436: 428: 413: 400: 393: 378: 368: 364: 359: 344: 331: 312: 296: 271:Operating speed 260:Electrification 250: 243: 239: 236: 234: 233:4 ft 232: 228: 183: 181: 178: 106: 78: 76: 72: 69: 64: 61: 59: 57: 56: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3838: 3828: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3743: 3741: 3737: 3736: 3734: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3552: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3516: 3514: 3510: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3475: 3473: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3419: 3414: 3412:Ullevål Hageby 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3299: 3293: 3291: 3287: 3286: 3284: 3283: 3278: 3273: 3268: 3266:Stavne–Leangen 3263: 3258: 3253: 3248: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3201:Loenga–Alnabru 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3122: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3108: 3107: 3100: 3093: 3085: 3079: 3078: 3073: 3058: 3057: 3041: 3040:External links 3038: 3037: 3036: 3030: 3017: 2990: 2984: 2971: 2965: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2941: 2932: 2915:Flåm Utvikling 2902: 2870: 2859:on 7 June 2011 2853:Flåm Utvikling 2840: 2810: 2780: 2763: 2751: 2734: 2714: 2697: 2688: 2671: 2662: 2653: 2641: 2632: 2623: 2611: 2602: 2593: 2584: 2575: 2559: 2543: 2534: 2525: 2511: 2499: 2490: 2481: 2472: 2463: 2454: 2438: 2429: 2415: 2401: 2392: 2383: 2363: 2351: 2342: 2333: 2324: 2315: 2303: 2294: 2278: 2264: 2255: 2239: 2211: 2202: 2178: 2169: 2157: 2148: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2091: 2088: 1920:Myrdal Station 1827: 1824: 1752:The line near 1733: 1730: 1627:Myrdal Station 1617:Hardanger Line 1612:standard gauge 1601:Hardangerfjord 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1560:Lunden Station 1509:Kårdal Station 1459:(AMSL), while 1449:Myrdal Station 1429:Myrdal Station 1420: 1417: 1397:Flåm Utvikling 1299: 1298: 1295: 1294: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1257: 1250: 1248: 1241: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1220: 1213: 1211: 1204: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1171: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1125: 1123: 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564: 562: 559: 558: 555: 553: 550: 547: 545: 538: 536: 534: 531: 530: 527: 525: 522: 517: 510: 508: 501: 499: 497: 494: 493: 490: 488: 485: 480: 477: 475: 468: 466: 464: 461: 460: 457: 454: 452: 445: 443: 441: 438: 437: 434: 431: 429: 422: 420: 418: 415: 414: 405: 403: 401: 394: 387: 385: 383: 380: 379: 376: 374: 369: 362: 360: 353: 351: 349: 346: 345: 336: 334: 332: 325: 323: 321: 314: 313: 308: 298: 297: 294: 287: 286: 280: 276: 275: 272: 268: 267: 262: 256: 255: 252:standard gauge 226: 220: 219: 218:Tourist trains 216: 212: 211: 206: 202: 201: 198: 194: 193: 189: 188: 175: 171: 170: 166: 165: 160: 156: 155: 148:Flåm Utvikling 145: 141: 140: 135: 131: 130: 125: 121: 120: 116: 115: 112: 108: 107: 105: 104: 99: 93: 91: 87: 86: 74:60.77°N 7.10°E 54: 50: 49: 44: 40: 39: 35: 34: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3837: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3773: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3744: 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3315: 3313: 3312:Common Tunnel 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3292: 3288: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3267: 3264: 3262: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3106: 3101: 3099: 3094: 3092: 3087: 3086: 3083: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3065: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3044: 3033: 3031:82-7959-028-5 3027: 3023: 3018: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2985:82-533-0261-4 2981: 2977: 2972: 2968: 2966:82-91448-42-6 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2949: 2936: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2906: 2890: 2886: 2885: 2880: 2874: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2844: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2814: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2784: 2776: 2775: 2767: 2758: 2756: 2747: 2746: 2738: 2730: 2729: 2721: 2719: 2710: 2709: 2701: 2692: 2684: 2683: 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1815: 1811: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1800:hydroelectric 1795: 1793: 1788: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1775:Nordland Line 1772: 1771:functionalist 1766: 1764: 1755: 1754:Rjoandefossen 1750: 1746: 1743: 1738: 1725: 1721: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1686: 1683: 1678: 1676: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1635:1,067 mm 1628: 1624: 1620: 1618: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1567: 1565: 1564:Aurlandsfjord 1561: 1557: 1552: 1550: 1549:Rjoandefossen 1546: 1541: 1537: 1528: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1470:overhead wire 1467: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1453:mountain pass 1450: 1446: 1442: 1434: 1430: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1319:line between 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1275: 1273: 1272: 1266: 1261: 1258: 1249: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1229: 1224: 1221: 1212: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1192: 1187: 1184: 1179: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1156: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1133: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1113: 1108: 1105: 1096: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1073: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1050: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1027: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1007: 998: 996: 993: 984: 975: 973: 970: 961: 952: 950: 947: 941: 936: 933: 928: 919: 917: 914: 909: 900: 898: 895: 886: 877: 875: 872: 866:Reppa Tunnel 863: 854: 852: 849: 840: 831: 829: 826: 817: 808: 806: 803: 797: 792: 789: 780: 771: 769: 766: 757: 748: 746: 743: 737: 732: 729: 724: 715: 713: 710: 701: 692: 690: 687: 678: 669: 667: 664: 658: 653: 650: 641: 632: 630: 627: 621:Bakli Tunnel 618: 609: 607: 604: 596: 587: 585: 582: 574: 565: 563: 560: 554: 548: 546: 537: 535: 532: 526: 521: 518: 509: 500: 498: 495: 489: 484: 481: 476: 467: 465: 462: 453: 444: 442: 439: 430: 421: 419: 416: 412: 408: 402: 386: 384: 381: 375: 373: 370: 361: 352: 350: 347: 343: 339: 333: 324: 322: 319: 316: 315: 311: 307: 306: 303: 300: 299: 293: 292: 288: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 266: 263: 261: 257: 253: 229:1,435 mm 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 210: 207: 203: 199: 195: 190: 176: 172: 167: 164: 161: 159:Rolling stock 157: 153: 149: 146: 142: 139: 136: 132: 129: 126: 122: 117: 113: 109: 103: 100: 98: 95: 94: 92: 88: 83: 55: 51: 48: 45: 41: 36: 32: 27: 22: 19: 3772: 3757:Narrow-gauge 3676:Simensbråten 3367:Lambertseter 3352:Holmenkollen 3236:Roa–Hønefoss 3226:Randsfjorden 3170: 3021: 3009:. Retrieved 3002:the original 2975: 2956: 2946:Bibliography 2935: 2923:. Retrieved 2905: 2893:. Retrieved 2882: 2873: 2861:. Retrieved 2857:the original 2843: 2831:. Retrieved 2827:the original 2813: 2801:. Retrieved 2783: 2772: 2766: 2743: 2737: 2726: 2706: 2700: 2691: 2680: 2674: 2665: 2656: 2635: 2626: 2605: 2596: 2587: 2578: 2537: 2528: 2493: 2484: 2475: 2466: 2457: 2432: 2395: 2386: 2345: 2336: 2327: 2318: 2297: 2258: 2205: 2172: 2151: 2101: 2068: 2048: 2011: 1992: 1953: 1945:Firda Billag 1925: 1896: 1891:sleeping car 1887: 1867: 1843: 1829: 1812: 1796: 1783: 1779:Sørland Line 1767: 1759: 1739: 1735: 1732:Construction 1707: 1687: 1679: 1671: 1643:rack railway 1632: 1605:narrow gauge 1578: 1553: 1540:passing loop 1533: 1506: 1482: 1461:Flåm Station 1438: 1366: 1304: 1302: 1030:Høga Tunnel 1010:Høga Bridge 704:Nåli Tunnel 301: 18: 3731:Vippetangen 3691:Solbergfoss 3566:Flekkefjord 3525:Hell–Sunnan 3196:Kongsvinger 2012:In 1990, a 1969:commutation 1949:Sogn Billag 1433:Bergen Line 1341:Bergen Line 483:Vatnahalsen 407:Bergen Line 338:Bergen Line 224:Track gauge 197:Line length 144:Operator(s) 79:60.77; 7.10 77: / 53:Coordinates 3779:Categories 3752:High-speed 3701:Sulitjelma 3641:Nesttun–Os 3520:Dunderland 3261:Spikkestad 3181:Gardermoen 2833:30 October 2127:References 2080:Nærøyfjord 2014:fast ferry 1858:resistance 1682:Parliament 1593:Hallingdal 1513:avalanches 1502:Kjosfossen 1371:access to 1349:Sognefjord 1345:Flåmsdalen 1115:200 m amsl 943:345 m amsl 799:458 m amsl 791:Blomheller 739:557 m amsl 660:670 m amsl 652:Kjosfossen 528:767 m amsl 491:811 m amsl 377:866 m amsl 184:1941-10-15 3785:Flåm Line 3726:Vestmarka 3721:Vestbanen 3716:Vålerenga 3696:Sperillen 3681:Singsaker 3661:Røykenvik 3656:Rodeløkka 3651:Oslo Port 3581:Hardanger 3561:Elgeseter 3499:Thamshavn 3463:Ringerike 3407:Sognsvann 3372:Lilleaker 3337:Gråkallen 3332:Gamlebyen 3317:Fløibanen 3256:Sørlandet 3146:Bratsberg 3022:Flåmsbana 2884:Budstikka 2035:Stockholm 2022:Gudvangen 1940:Linjegods 1899:InterRail 1882:Gudvangen 1826:Operation 1792:axle load 1763:silicosis 1663:funicular 1651:Gudvangen 1608:Voss Line 1521:Flåmselvi 1393:Gudvangen 1313:Flåmsbana 1309:Norwegian 1305:Flåm Line 1231:16 m amsl 1194:48 m amsl 295:Route map 215:Character 192:Technical 24:Flåm Line 3747:Electric 3671:Setesdal 3611:Korsvoll 3576:Hafslund 3571:Grimstad 3494:Setesdal 3484:Old Voss 3479:Krøderen 3472:Heritage 3443:Grenland 3426:Proposed 3382:Østensjø 3302:Briskeby 3281:Vestfold 3271:Tinnoset 3211:Nordland 3119:Mainline 2996:(2009). 2955:(2001). 2919:Archived 2889:Archived 2823:Raildude 2797:Archived 2113:Henschel 2000:Class 69 1967:and the 1914:Swedish 1854:Per Kure 1835:railcars 1832:Class 64 1777:and the 1742:phyllite 1667:Fretheim 1655:Stalheim 1575:Planning 1413:Bane NOR 1355:and one 1335:county, 1333:Vestland 1268:2 m amsl 1181:17.21 km 1107:Dalsbotn 935:Berekvam 930:10.51 km 762:1029.6 m 706:1341.5 m 520:Reinunga 247: in 111:Stations 47:Bane NOR 38:Overview 3795:Aurland 3762:Private 3711:Valdres 3646:Numedal 3616:Kragerø 3438:Fornebu 3357:Kjelsås 3327:Furuset 3322:Frogner 3307:Ekeberg 3221:Østfold 3206:Meråker 3161:Drammen 3131:Arendal 2090:Service 1804:Kværner 1756:in 1942 1659:tramway 1570:History 1353:tunnels 1317:railway 1186:Håreina 726:6.34 km 478:1.13 km 242:⁄ 182: ( 169:History 128:Railway 119:Service 90:Termini 62:60°46′N 3686:Skreia 3666:Sagene 3636:Namsos 3606:Kampen 3596:Horten 3556:Ålgård 3549:Closed 3513:Merged 3489:Rjukan 3433:Arctic 3402:Skøyen 3397:Sinsen 3362:Kolsås 3342:Grorud 3216:Ofoten 3186:Gjøvik 3151:Brevik 3141:Bergen 3028: 3011:6 June 2982: 2963: 2925:7 July 2895:7 July 2863:7 July 2803:7 July 2793:UNESCO 2117:Bo'Bo' 2054:, the 1862:Bo'Bo' 1603:. The 1585:Bergen 1554:After 1468:using 1441:Myrdal 1373:Bergen 1359:. The 1357:bridge 1337:Norway 1321:Myrdal 1263:(1940) 1226:(1942) 1223:Lunden 1189:(1940) 1110:(1942) 938:(1940) 794:(1942) 734:(1946) 731:Kårdal 655:(1951) 556: 523:(1942) 486:(1940) 372:Myrdal 342:Bergen 310:Legend 302: 209:Single 174:Opened 134:System 97:Myrdal 65:7°06′E 3740:Types 3530:Jæren 3458:Polar 3448:Hurum 3377:Løren 3290:Urban 3276:Trunk 3251:Solør 3241:Røros 3231:Rauma 3176:Follo 3156:Dovre 3136:Asker 3005:(PDF) 2132:Notes 2121:El 18 2109:El 17 2071:El 17 1987:El 18 1983:El 17 1961:El 13 1957:El 11 1928:Årdal 1850:Thune 1419:Route 1405:El 18 1401:El 17 1389:El 11 1331:, in 1161:424 m 1078:207 m 1055:154 m 989:173 m 966:139 m 868:133 m 822:178 m 683:478 m 623:195 m 551:889 m 435:101 m 340:from 163:El 18 43:Owner 3626:Lier 3621:Lade 3540:Voss 3417:Vika 3387:Ring 3171:Flåm 3126:Alna 3026:ISBN 3013:2011 2980:ISBN 2961:ISBN 2927:2011 2897:2011 2865:2011 2835:2013 2805:2011 2058:and 1947:and 1846:El 9 1806:and 1661:and 1653:via 1615:The 1597:Voss 1595:and 1583:and 1581:Oslo 1445:Flåm 1385:El 9 1377:Oslo 1375:and 1369:Sogn 1325:Flåm 1323:and 1303:The 1260:Flåm 1251:20.2 1214:18.6 1138:25 m 1098:13.9 1032:59 m 891:39 m 845:11 m 600:22 m 578:14 m 458:80 m 411:Oslo 284:AMSL 124:Type 102:Flåm 3601:Ila 3392:Røa 2031:X10 1932:Gol 1916:X10 1327:in 782:8.4 643:4.4 511:2.2 409:to 363:0.0 3781:: 2917:. 2881:. 2821:. 2795:. 2791:. 2754:^ 2717:^ 2644:^ 2614:^ 2562:^ 2546:^ 2514:^ 2502:^ 2441:^ 2418:^ 2404:^ 2366:^ 2354:^ 2306:^ 2281:^ 2267:^ 2242:^ 2214:^ 2181:^ 2160:^ 2139:^ 2086:. 2075:B3 1904:Ål 1697:, 1504:. 1447:. 1415:. 1409:Vy 1311:: 1255:km 1218:km 1102:km 786:km 647:km 515:km 367:km 249:) 152:Vy 114:11 3104:e 3097:t 3090:v 3034:. 3015:. 2988:. 2969:. 2929:. 2899:. 2867:. 2837:. 2807:. 1989:. 1922:. 1637:( 1435:. 1307:( 1253:0 1216:0 1100:0 784:0 645:0 513:0 365:0 244:2 240:1 237:+ 235:8 231:( 186:) 154:) 150:(

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