513:, and the old Nanauatzin. It was believed that Nanauatzin was too old to make a good sun, but both were given the opportunity to jump into the bonfire. Tecuciztecatl tried first but was not brave enough to walk through the heat near the flames and turned around. Nanauatzin then walked slowly towards and then into the flames and was consumed. Tecuciztecatl then followed. The braver Nanauatzin became what is now the sun and Tecuciztecatl became the much less spectacular moon. A god that bridges the gap between Nanauatzin and Huitzilopochtli is Tonatiuh, who was sick, but rejuvenated himself by burning himself alive and then became the warrior sun and wandered through the heavens with the souls of those who died in battle, refusing to move if not offered enough sacrifices.
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486:. The most popular variation including Coatlicue depicts her giving birth first to the Tzitzimitl. Much later she gave birth to Huitzilopochtli when a mysterious ball of feathers appeared to her. The Tzitzimitl then decapitated the pregnant Coatlicue, believing it to be insulting that she had given birth to another child. Huitzilopochtli then sprang forth from her womb wielding a serpent of fire and began his epic war with the Tzitzimitl, who were also referred to as the
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402:. She was very loving towards the people, but Tezcatlipoca was not. Both the people and Chalchiuhtlicue felt his judgement when he told the water goddess that she was not truly loving and only faked kindness out of selfishness to gain the people's praise. Chalchiuhtlicue was so crushed by these words that she cried blood for the next fifty-two years, causing a horrific flood that drowned everyone on Earth. Humans became fish in order to survive.
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338:, the goddess of lakes, rivers and oceans and also the goddess of beauty. To give light, they needed a god to become the sun and the Black Tezcatlipoca was chosen, but either because he had lost a leg or because he was god of the night, he only managed to become half a sun. The world continued on in this way for some time, but a sibling rivalry grew between
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and because the Aztecs adopted many of their gods from other tribes, both assigning their own new aspects to these gods and endowing them with those of similar gods from various other cultures. Older myths can be very similar to newer myths while contradicting one another by claiming that a different
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offer him the nourishment of human sacrifices. They also offer human sacrifices to
Tezcatlipoca in fear of his judgment, offer their own blood to Quetzalcoatl, who opposes fatal sacrifices, in thanks of his blood sacrifice for them and give offerings to many other gods for many purposes. Should these
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The gods created humans who were of normal stature, with
Quetzalcoatl serving as the sun for the new civilization, as an attempt to bring balance to the world, but their attempts ultimately failed as humans began to drift away from the beliefs and teachings of the gods and instead embraced greed and
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Other variations of this myth claim that only
Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca were born to Ometeotl, who was replaced by Coatlicue in this myth probably because it had absolutely no worshipers or temples by the time the Spanish arrived. It is sometimes said that the male characteristic of Ometeotl is
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As a consequence, Tezcatlipoca showcased his dominance and strength as a god of magic and justice by transforming the human-like people into monkeys. Quetzalcoatl, who had held the flawed people in great regard, was greatly distressed and sent away the monkeys with a powerful hurricane. After they
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The order of the first four suns varies as well, though the above version is the most common. Each world's end correlates consistently to the god that was the sun at the time throughout all variations of the myth, though the loss of
Xochiquetzal is not always identified as Tlaloc's reason for the
436:, goddess of the moon, lead them in an assault on the sun and every night they come close to victory when they shine throughout the sky, but are beaten back by the mighty Huitzilopochtli who rules the daytime sky. To aid this all-important god in his continuing war, the
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rain of fire, which is not otherwise given and it is sometimes said that
Chalchiuhtlicue flooded the world on purpose, without the involvement of Tezcatlipoca. It is also said that Tezcatlipoca created half a sun, which his jaguars then ate before eating the giants.
490:. Sometimes he is said to have decapitated Coyolxauhqui and either used her head to make the moon or thrown it into a canyon. Further variations depict the ball of feathers as being the father of Huitzilopochtli or the father of Quetzalcoatl and sometimes Xolotl.
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had become so consumed by his own grief and sorrow that he was no longer able to fulfil his duties as the sun; therefore, a great drought befell the people of the world. People desperately prayed for rain and begged for mercy, but their pleas fell on deaf ears.
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to survive the
Spanish conquest. Their myths can be confusing because of the lack of documentation and also because there are many popular myths that seem to contradict one another. This happened due to the fact that they were originally passed down by
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It was four gods who eventually created all the other gods and the world we know today, but before they could create they had to destroy, for every time they attempted to create something, it would fall into the water beneath them and be eaten by
330:, the giant earth crocodile, who swam through the water with mouths at every one of her joints. From the four Tezcatlipocas descended the first people who were giants. They created the other gods, the most important of whom were the water gods:
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sacrifices cease, or should mankind fail to please the gods for any other reason, this fifth sun will go black, the world will be shattered by a catastrophic earthquake, and the
Tzitzimitl will slay Huitzilopochtli and all of humanity.
611:'s science fiction series "In the Time of the Sixth Sun" uses this myth as a central plot point, where an ancient star-faring civilization ("people of the First Sun") had disappeared and left the galaxy with many dangerous artifacts.
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The current world is a product of the Aztecs' self-imposed mission to provide
Tlazcaltiliztli to the sun, giving it the nourishment it needs to stay in existence and ensuring that the entire universe remains in balance. Thus, the
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completely destroying it and leaving nothing but ashes in its wake. Following this cataclysmic event, the gods then worked together to create a new earth, allowing life to be reborn from the seemingly lifeless and barren land.
551:(Earthquake Sun) – Current humans are the inhabitants of this world. Should the gods be displeased, this world will be destroyed by earthquakes (or one large earthquake) and the Tzitzimimeh will annihilate all its inhabitants.
509:. In this version of the myth, the gods convened in darkness to choose a new sun, who was to sacrifice himself by jumping into a gigantic bonfire. The two volunteers were the young son of Tlaloc and Chalchiuhtlicue,
261:, created itself. The nature of Ometeotl, the "God of duality" was both male and female, shared by Ometecuhtli, "Lord of duality," and Omecihuatl, "Lady of duality". Ometeotl gave birth to four children, the four
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and his brother the mighty sun, who
Quetzalcoatl knocked from the sky with a stone club. With no sun, the world was totally black and in his anger, Tezcatlipoca commanded his jaguars to eat all the people.
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creation myths, it was believed that the universe had gone through four iterations before the current one, and each of these prior worlds had been destroyed by Gods due to the behavior of its inhabitants.
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claims that the gods made humanity four times before. Tezcatlipoca seeks to end the current human era, since he believes humans are too greedy and waste their blood in battle rather than as sacrifices.
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named
Ometecuhtli and that the female characteristic is named Omecihualt. Further variations on this myth state that it was only Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca who pulled apart Cipactli, also known as
498:, and that Xipe Totec and Huitzilopochtli then constructed the world from her body. Some versions claim that Tezcatlipoca actually used his leg as bait for Cipactli, before dismembering her.
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peoples that the world has gone through five distinct cycles of creation and destruction, with the current era being the fifth. It is primarily derived from a combination of
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470:, the earth goddess, was the mother of the four Tezcatlipocas and the Tzitzimitl. Some versions say that Quetzalcoatl was born to her first, while she was still a
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god performed the same action, probably because myths changed in correlation to the popularity of each of the gods at a given time.
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Quetzalcoatl would not accept the destruction of his people and went to the underworld where he stole their bones from the god
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253:, one of the four directions of the world, surrounded by their respective trees, temples, patterns, and divination symbols.
537:(Rain Sun) – Inhabitants were destroyed by rain of fire. Only birds survived (or inhabitants survived by becoming birds).
543:(Water Sun) – This world was flooded turning the inhabitants into fish. A couple escaped but were transformed into dogs.
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were banished, Quetzalcoatl stepped down from his role as the sun and crafted a new, more perfect race of humans.
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were essential to the functioning of the world, and ultimately to its continued survival.
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According to the legend, from the void that was the rest of the universe, the first god,
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is called "The Fall of the Fifth Sun", and also features Tezcatlipoca in a central role.
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309:-speaking Aztecs centuries after the fall of the city around 550 CE. The term has been
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creation myths, while also introducing new ideas that were specific to their culture.
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This article is about the tenet of Aztec mythology. For the Guapo album, see
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The late Postclassic Aztecs created and developed their own version of the "
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as "birthplace of the gods", or "place where gods were born", reflecting
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refers to intercultural violence as "the fifth sunset" in their song "
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In a fit of rage, Tlaloc unleashed a rain of fire upon the earth
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Smith, Michael E. The Aztecs 2nd Ed. Blackwell Publishing, 2005
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The version of the myth with Nanahuatzin is in the 1996 film,
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The fifth sun however is sometimes said to be a god named
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The Aztecs believed that the gods created the universe at
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creation myths that were said to occur in Teotihuacan.
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The version of the myth with Nanahuatzin serves as a
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page 71 depicts Tonatiuh "The Fifth Sun", and Metzli.
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Archaeology of Native North America by Dean R. Snow.
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role-playing game takes place in the "Sixth World."
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71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1812:
704:"Bare Bones: Rethinking Mesoamerican Divinity"
623:The concept of the five suns is alluded to in
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398:The next sun and also Tlaloc's new wife, was
799:. Los Angeles: California State University.
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821:
375:, the deity of beauty, flowers, and corn.
195:, and it is part of a larger mythology of
777:Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel. The Aztec World.
582:The Five Suns: A Sacred History of Mexico
466:Other variations on this myth state that
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
449:Most of what is known about the ancient
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241:
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1720:Romances de los señores de Nueva España
14:
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183:beliefs that were originally held by
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474:, often mentioning his twin brother
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69:adding citations to reliable sources
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797:Handbook to life in the Aztec World
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163:" refers to the belief of certain
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1615:Lienzo de Coixtlahuaca I & II
860:: Ometēcuthli and Omecihuātl (or
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795:Aguilar- Moreno, Manuel (2006).
445:Variations and alternative myths
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1790:Codex Vindobonensis Mexicanus I
1670:Oztoticpac Lands Map of Texcoco
1620:Lienzo de Santa María Nativitas
291:, the "birthplace of the gods".
249:is raising up the skies of the
56:needs additional citations for
1630:Lienzo de Zacatepec I & II
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673:Mesoamerican creation accounts
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367:was crowned the new sun, but
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1831:Aztec mythology and religion
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1765:Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca
1625:Lienzo de Santiago Ihuitlan
808:. UK: Blackwell Publishing.
779:California State University
646:
565:for the 1991 Mexican film,
232:Aztecs’ sacrificial rituals
27:Creation myth of the Aztecs
10:
1852:
1725:Codex Santa Maria Asunción
1505:Boban Aztec Calendar Wheel
804:Smith, Michael E. (2003).
568:In Necuepaliztli in Aztlan
191:region, including central
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1740:Codex Telleriano-Remensis
1530:Mapas de Cuauhtinchan 1-4
1500:Codices Becker I & II
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1434:
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1680:Plano en papel de maguey
1490:Codices Azoyú I & II
593:Rage Against the Machine
1475:Aubin Manuscript no. 20
668:Fifth World (mythology)
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199:or Fifth Sun beliefs.
1610:Lienzo Antonio de León
702:Haly, Richard (1992).
418:
292:
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152:
1770:Codex Totomixtlahuaca
1710:Relación de Michoacán
1660:Códice Maya de México
1645:Matrícula de Tributos
1570:Codex Fejérváry-Mayer
1015:Tlāhuizcalpantecuhtli
636:The final episode of
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185:pre-Columbian peoples
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1800:Codex Zouche-Nuttall
1750:Anales de Tlatelolco
1640:Codex Magliabechiano
890:(Four Tezcatlipocas)
708:History of Religions
639:Victor and Valentino
65:improve this article
34:. For the book, see
1690:Codex Porfirio Díaz
1685:Primeros Memoriales
1600:Codex Ixtlilxochitl
1595:Humboldt fragment 1
1585:Códice de Huichapan
1495:Badianus Manuscript
1449:The Stinking Corpse
781:, Los Angeles, 2006
488:Centzon Huitznahuas
453:comes from the few
1655:Crónica Mexicayotl
1540:Codex Chimalpopoca
1129:Itzpapalotlcihuatl
1109:Huitztlampaehecatl
970:Tezcatlipoca (see
936:Lords of the Night
556:In popular culture
419:
293:
255:
153:
1808:
1807:
1785:Codex Vaticanus B
1745:Tira de Tepechpan
1590:Codex Huexotzinco
1535:Codex Chimalpahin
1454:Use of entheogens
1421:Tlillan-Tlapallan
1315:Centzon Tōtōchtin
1310:Centzonhuītznāhua
1036:Acuecueyotl (see
891:
806:The Aztecs 2nd Ed
597:People of the Sun
574:Juan Mora Catlett
570:(Return a Aztlán)
430:Centzonhuītznāhua
305:was given by the
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32:Five Suns (album)
16:(Redirected from
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1836:Aztec philosophy
1755:Codex Tlatelolco
1575:Codex Florentine
1515:Codex Borbonicus
1485:Codex Azcatitlan
1480:Aubin Tonalamatl
1411:Thirteen Heavens
1174:Mictlanpachecatl
1134:Itzpapalotltotec
1054:Chalchiuhtotolin
995:Lords of the Day
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683:Thirteen Heavens
663:Aztec philosophy
599:", on the album
535:Nāhui-Quiyahuitl
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36:Fifth Sun (book)
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1545:Codex Colombino
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720:10.1086/463285
714:(3): 269–304.
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121:November 2022
113:
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82: –
81:
77:
76:Find sources:
70:
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
48:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
1795:Codex Xolotl
1775:Codex Tudela
1760:Mapa Tloztin
1635:Codex Madrid
1520:Codex Borgia
1510:Codex Bodley
1443:
1435:Beliefs and
1394:
1350:Xiuhtotontli
1279:Yacatecuhtli
1259:Xōchiquetzal
1219:Tlacotzontli
1209:Temazcalteci
1204:Tēcciztēcatl
1104:Huēhuecoyōtl
1094:Coyolxāuhqui
1064:Chicomecōātl
1037:
1020:Tlaltecuhtli
988:Xiuhtecuhtli
972:Creator gods
971:
908:Tezcatlipoca
903:Quetzalcoatl
886:Creator gods
805:
796:
773:
764:
711:
707:
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637:
631:Quetzalcoatl
626:Onyx Equinox
624:
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496:Tlaltecuhtli
492:
465:
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434:Coyolxauhqui
427:
420:
415:Codex Borgia
397:
386:
384:
377:
373:Xochiquetzal
369:Tezcatlipoca
363:
354:
352:corruption.
350:
340:Quetzalcoatl
324:
294:
279:Tezcatlipoca
267:Quetzalcoatl
256:
228:
216:
212:Mesoamerican
203:
201:
189:Mesoamerican
160:
159:, the term "
154:
127:
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
1821:Eschatology
1730:Selden Roll
1705:Codex Reese
1675:Paris Codex
1665:Codex Osuna
1565:Codex Durán
1550:Codex Cospi
1470:Aubin Codex
1406:Teotihuacan
1381:Chicomoztoc
1340:Tiānquiztli
1284:Zacatzontli
1264:Xochitlicue
1224:Tlalocayotl
1214:Tepoztēcatl
1124:Ītzpāpālōtl
1010:Nanahuatzin
983:Tlazōlteōtl
966:Tepēyōllōtl
851:Primordials
602:Evil Empire
302:Teōtīhuacān
299:. The name
297:Teotihuacan
289:Teotihuacan
197:Fifth World
177:cosmologies
80:"Five Suns"
1815:Categories
1715:Codex Ríos
1605:Codex Laud
1401:Tamoanchan
1395:Underworld
1376:Cemanahuac
1345:Tzitzimitl
1325:Cihuateteo
1300:Ahuiateteo
1254:Xōchipilli
1084:Cipactonal
1074:Cihuacōātl
1000:Citlālicue
913:Xipe Totec
689:References
548:Nāhui-Olīn
507:Nanauatzin
480:Tzitzimitl
394:Fourth sun
347:Second sun
275:Xipe Totec
221:and other
91:newspapers
1444:Five Suns
1330:Civateteo
1244:Tonantzin
1239:Toltecatl
1144:Ixtlilton
1089:Cōātlīcue
744:161142066
728:0018-2710
678:Sun stone
617:Shadowrun
541:Nāhui-Ātl
482:and then
468:Coatlicue
406:Fifth sun
360:Third sun
321:First sun
204:Five Suns
161:Five Suns
18:Five suns
1437:practice
1416:Tlālōcān
1320:Cintēteo
1199:Patecatl
1184:Opochtli
1179:Mixcoatl
1164:Mayahuel
1069:Chīmalmā
1059:Chantico
1049:Atlacoya
1025:Tōnatiuh
951:Cinteotl
941:Centeōtl
917:Camaxtle
858:Ōmeteōtl
647:See also
629:, where
328:Cipactli
259:Ometeotl
1463:Codices
1391:Mictlān
1366:Anahuac
1249:Xilonen
1229:Tlilhua
1189:Oxomoco
1169:Metztli
1099:Ehecatl
1044:Atlahua
928:Deities
736:1062864
455:codices
311:glossed
307:Nahuatl
217:In the
187:in the
105:scholar
1426:Tōllān
1371:Aztlán
1359:Places
1293:Groups
1274:Xolotl
1269:Xocotl
1194:Painal
978:Tláloc
742:
734:
726:
476:Xolotl
472:virgin
451:Aztecs
438:Aztecs
379:Tlaloc
365:Tlaloc
332:Tlaloc
238:Legend
193:Mexico
179:, and
107:
100:
93:
86:
78:
1393:(The
740:S2CID
732:JSTOR
585:, by
572:, by
315:Nahua
251:South
223:Nahua
219:Aztec
173:myths
169:Aztec
165:Nahua
112:JSTOR
98:books
1234:Toci
915:(or
864:and
724:ISSN
614:The
428:The
208:myth
147:The
84:news
716:doi
155:In
67:by
1817::
752:^
738:.
730:.
722:.
712:31
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706:.
206:"
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387:,
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134:)
128:(
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119:(
109:·
102:·
95:·
88:·
61:.
38:.
20:)
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