Feminism in the United Kingdom

2662:, the Liberal government was left with an embarrassing situation. From these political actions, the suffragists successfully created publicity around their institutional discrimination and sexism. Historians generally argue that the first stage of the militant suffragette movement under the Pankhursts in 1906 had a dramatic mobilizing effect on the suffrage movement. Women were thrilled and supportive of revolting in the streets; the membership of the militant WSPU and the older NUWSS overlapped and was mutually supportive. However a system of publicity, Ensor argues, had to continue to escalate to maintain its high visibility in the media. The hunger strikes and force-feeding did that. However the Pankhursts refused any advice and escalated their tactics. They turned to systematic disruption of Liberal Party meetings as well as physical violence in terms of damaging public buildings and arson. This went too far, as the overwhelming majority of suffragists pulled back and refused to follow because they could no longer defend the tactics. They increasingly repudiated the suffragettes as an obstacle to achieving suffrage, saying the militant suffragettes were now aiding the antis, and many historians agree. Searle says the methods of the suffragettes did succeed in damaging the Liberal party but failed to advance the cause of woman suffrage. When the Pankhursts decided to stop the militancy at the start of the war, and enthusiastically support the war effort, the movement split and their leadership role ended. Suffrage did come four years later, but the feminist movement in Britain permanently abandoned the militant tactics that had made the suffragettes famous. 5728:"It could be said that the Act was not so much concerned with the welfare of the child as with the punishment of the mother proved 'guilty' in separation or divorce proceedings .... But in 1839, the Custody of Infants Act constituted an immense and startling innovation: the absolute right of the father was now subject to the discretionary power of the judge .... Under the Act the practice of the courts was to decide if possible in favour of paternal right rather than against it, and to exercise discretion against the mother even as to young children. Nevertheless, despite its limitations, this piece of legislation has a special importance since it was the first statutory intervention in the common law rights of a father in this country." 2252: 3625: 3176:'s government, the strike ended three weeks after it began, as a result of a deal that immediately increased their rate of pay to 8% below that of men, rising to the full category B rate the following year. A court of inquiry (under the Industrial Courts Act 1919) was also set up to consider their regrading, although this failed to find in their favour. The women were only regraded into Category C following a further six-week strike in 1984 (source BBC documentary broadcast 9 March 2013). The 1968 strike was a trigger cause of the passing of the 2513:. The men who were in charge of these women, either a husband, father or brother, could easily send these women to mental institutions, stating that they believed that these women were mentally ill because of their nonconformist behaviors. Based on her study of cases from the Homewood Retreat, Cheryl Krasnick Warsh concludes that "the realities of the household in late Victorian and Edwardian middle class society rendered certain elements—socially redundant women in particular—more susceptible to institutionalization than others." 3709:, also known as the Ten Hours Act, was a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which restricted the working hours of women and young persons (13-18) in textile mills to 10 hours per day. The practicalities of running a textile mill were such that the Act should have effectively set the same limit on the working hours of adult male mill-workers, but defective drafting meant that a subsequent Factory Act in 1850 imposing tighter restrictions on the hours within which women and young persons could work was needed to bring this about. 39: 3164:, led by Rose Boland, Eileen Pullen, Vera Sime, Gwen Davis, and Sheila Douglass, began because women sewing machinists, as part of a regrading exercise, were informed that their jobs were graded in Category B (less skilled production jobs), instead of Category C (more skilled production jobs), and that they would be paid 15% less than the full B rate received by men. At the time, it was common practice for companies to pay women less than men, irrespective of the skills involved. Following the intervention of 4425:, led by Rose Boland, Eileen Pullen, Vera Sime, Gwen Davis, and Sheila Douglass, began because women sewing machinists, as part of a regrading exercise, were informed that their jobs were graded in Category B (less skilled production jobs), instead of Category C (more skilled production jobs), and that they would be paid 15% less than the full B rate received by men. At the time it was common practice for companies to pay women less than men, irrespective of the skills involved. Following the intervention of 2921:, and continued its work till 1983. In retrospect both ideological groups were influential in advancing women's rights in their own way. Despite women being admitted to the House of Commons from 1918, Mackworth, a Viscountess in her own right, spent a lifetime fighting to take her seat in the House of Lords against bitter opposition, a battle which only achieved its goal in the year of her death (1958). This revealed the weaknesses of the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act. Mackworth also founded 3616:. Two parliamentary committees in January 2017 decided that Portico had broken the law; the company had already changed its terms of employment. The petition gained over 130,000 signatures, sufficient for a debate in the British parliament. This took place on 6 March 2017, when MPs decided the UK government should change the law to prevent the demand being made by employers. However, this was rejected by the government in April 2017 as they stated that existing legislation was "adequate". 5157:. Two parliamentary committees in January 2017 decided that Portico had broken the law; the company had already changed its terms of employment. The petition gained over 130,000 signatures, sufficient for a debate in the British parliament. This took place on 6 March 2017, when MPs decided the UK government should change the law to prevent the demand being made by employers. However, this was rejected by the government in April 2017 as they stated that existing legislation was "adequate". 4896:, which combines all of the equality enactments within Great Britain and provides comparable protections across all equality strands. Those explicitly mentioned by the Equality Act 2006 include gender; disability; age; proposed, commenced or completed gender reassignment; race; religion or belief and sexual orientation. Among other things, it created a public duty to promote equality on the ground of gender (The Equality Act 2006, section 84, inserting section 76A of the 3462:, which combines all of the equality enactments within Great Britain and provides comparable protections across all equality strands. Those explicitly mentioned by the Equality Act 2006 include gender; disability; age; proposed, commenced or completed gender reassignment; race; religion or belief and sexual orientation. Among other things, it created a public duty to promote equality on the ground of gender (The Equality Act 2006, section 84, inserting section 76A of the 2134: 2057: 3878:(45 & 46 Vict. c.75) was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that significantly altered English law regarding the property rights of married women, which besides other matters allowed married women to own and control property in their own right. The Act applied in England (and Wales) and Ireland (after Irish independence in 1922, only Northern Ireland), but did not extend to Scotland. 2633: 2383:. It passed over the strenuous opposition of the highly traditional Church of England. The new law made divorce a civil affair of the courts, rather than a Church matter, with a new civil court in London handling all cases. The process was still quite expensive, at about £40, but now became feasible for the middle class. A woman who obtained a judicial separation took the status of a 2532:("CD") adopted the French system of licensed prostitution. The "regulationist policy" was to isolate, segregate, and control prostitution. The main goal was to protect working men, soldiers and sailors near ports and army bases from catching venereal disease. Young women officially became prostitutes and were trapped for life in the system. After a nationwide crusade led by 2270:, children were considered to belong to their father, who had full legal rights over them, both during and after the dissolution of a marriage. Before 1839, after a divorce, women lost control of their children, as those children would continue to live in the family unit with the father, who, as head of the household, continued to be responsible for them. 2451:, male and female adultery were treated differently, with men being able to divorce solely on the ground of adultery, but women having to prove adultery aggravated by additional misconduct. This led to situations where in cases of a woman's adultery, the custody of the child would be given to the father regardless of the father's conduct. Although the 2833:, refused to take her seat. Astor's proposal to form a women's party in 1929 was unsuccessful. Women gained considerable electoral experience over the next few years as a series of minority governments ensured almost annual elections, but there were 12 women in Parliament by 1940. Close affiliation with Labour also proved to be a problem for the 5138:

launched her online petition—"Make it illegal for a company to require women to wear high heels at work"—the firm changed their policy. The new guideline states that all female employees "can wear plain flat shoes or plain court shoes as they prefer." The petition gained widespread support from public figures such as Scotland's First Minister

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the married man. By the late 1860s a number of schools were preparing women for careers as governesses or teachers. The census reported in 1851 that 70,000 women in England and Wales were teachers, compared to the 170,000 who comprised three-fourths of all teachers in 1901. The great majority came from lower middle class origins. The

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online petition—"Make it illegal for a company to require women to wear high heels at work"—the firm changed their policy. The new guideline states that all female employees "can wear plain flat shoes or plain court shoes as they prefer." The petition gained widespread support from public figures such as Scotland's First Minister

3091:, started to allow for the possibility that women should be able to combine home with outside employment. 1950s’ form of feminism is often derogatorily termed “welfare feminism.” Indeed, many activists went to great length to stress that their position was that of ‘reasonable modern feminism,’ which accepted 4404:

was enacted; it is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom legalising abortions by registered practitioners, and regulating the tax-paid provision of such medical practices through the National Health Service. The Act made abortion legal in all of Great Britain (but not Northern Ireland) up to

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In a 2015 evaluation from Lord David Willetts stated that in 2013, the percentage of undergraduate students in the UK were 54 percent female and 46 percent male. Whereas in the 1960s only 25 percent of full-time students in the United Kingdom were female. The increase of women going to university and

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something that reflected not only the movement's need to redefine itself post suffrage, but a continual need for re-examination of goals. "When those of our army whose voices are inclined to coolly tell us that the day of sex-antagonism is over and henceforth we have only to advance hand in hand with

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The militant suffragette movement was suspended during the war and never resumed. British society credited the new patriotic roles women played as earning them the vote in 1918. However, British historians no longer emphasize the granting of woman suffrage as a reward for women's participation in war

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effectively removed the restrictions that kept wealthy married women from controlling their own property. They now had practically equal status with their husbands, and a status superior to women anywhere else in Europe. Working class women were protected by a series of laws passed on the assumption

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was the first law to give mothers legal rights to their children, eroding the absolute rights of the father, but it made little difference in practice given that the Act explicitly banned adulterous women from applying for custody or access, at a time when most divorces were granted on the grounds of

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Ambitious middle-class women faced enormous challenges when they proposed entering suitable careers, such as nursing, teaching, law, and medicine, and the loftier their ambition, the greater the challenge. Physicians barred admission to the medical profession; there were a few opportunities for women

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which forbade women and girls of any age to work underground and introduced a minimum age of ten for boys employed in underground work. However, the employment of women did not end abruptly in 1842; with the connivance of some employers, women dressed as men continued to work underground for several

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could be granted on other grounds too). Women in the 19th century were rarely successful in obtaining a divorce initiated by them, especially before 1857, when divorce required an Act of Parliament; only four Acts of Parliament for divorces were granted on the application of women during that period

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for child custody arrangement. The Act gave women, for the first time, a right to their children and gave some discretion to the judge in child custody cases. The Custody of Infants Act 1839 permitted a mother to petition the courts for custody of her children up to the age of seven, and for access

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so that abortion was no longer legal after 24 weeks, except in cases where it was necessary to save the life of the woman, there was evidence of extreme fetal abnormality, or there was a grave risk of physical or mental injury to the woman. Furthermore, all abortion remains officially restricted to

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was enacted. The Act gave women, for the first time, a right to their children and gave some discretion to the judge in child custody cases. The Act permitted a mother to petition the courts for custody of her children up to the age of seven, and for access in respect of older children, maintaining

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In 1951, the proportion of adult women who were (or had been) married was 75%; more specifically, 84.8% of women between the ages of 45 and 49 were married. At that time: “marriage was more popular than ever before.” In 1953, a popular book of advice for women states: “A happy marriage may be seen,

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no longer made any reference to a mother's adultery, theoretically allowing mothers divorced due to adultery to obtain rights to the children, the traditional view that such mothers should be completely removed from their children's life and denied any access to the child continued to be applied by

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made it an offence to arrange FGM outside the country for British citizens or permanent residents, whether or not it is lawful in the country to which the girl is taken. The first prosecutions took place in 2015 against a doctor for performing FGM and another man for aiding and abetting; both were

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The political change did not immediately change social circumstances. With the economic recession, women were the most vulnerable sector of the workforce. Some women who held jobs prior to the war were obliged to forfeit them to returning soldiers, and others were excessed. With limited franchise,

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demonstrated the necessity of professional nursing and warfare, and set up an educational system that tracked women into that field in the second half of the nineteenth century. Teaching was not quite as easy to break into, but the low salaries were less of the barrier to the single woman than to

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Medicine was the greatest challenge, with the most systematic resistance by the physicians, and the fewest women breaking through. One route to entry was to go to the United States where there were suitable schools for women as early as 1850. Britain was one of the last countries to train women

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was a type of public nuisance—a troublesome and angry woman who broke the public peace by habitually arguing and quarrelling with her neighbours. The offence was punishable by ducking: being placed in a chair and submerged in a river or pond. Although rarely prosecuted it remained on the statute

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In 2016, a British receptionist was dismissed for not wearing high heels and she then started a petition which attracted sufficient support to be considered by the UK Parliament. Outsourcing firm Portico stated that Nicola Thorp "had signed the appearance guidelines" but after Thorp launched her

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is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom legalising abortions by registered practitioners, and regulating the tax-paid provision of such medical practices through the National Health Service. The Act made abortion legal in all of Great Britain (but not Northern Ireland) up to 28 weeks'

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had been weakened, Pugh argues, by repeated failures before 1914 and by the disorganising effects of war mobilization; therefore they quietly accepted these restrictions, which were approved in 1918 by a majority of the War Ministry and each political party in Parliament. More generally, Searle

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2016–2017: In 2016, a British receptionist was dismissed for not wearing high heels and she then started a petition which attracted sufficient support to be considered by the UK Parliament. Outsourcing firm Portico stated that Nicola Thorp "had signed the appearance guidelines" but after Thorp

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after serving three years only if they possessed a University degree which would have qualified them if male, or if they had fulfilled all the requirements of a degree at a University which did not, at the time, admit women to degrees. By section 3, no statute or charter of a University was to

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A person shall not be disqualified by sex or marriage from the exercise of any public function, or from being appointed to or holding any civil or judicial office or post, or from entering or assuming or carrying on any civil profession or vocation, or for admission to any incorporated society

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admitted a few women in 1869, then reversed itself in 1873, leaving a strong negative reaction among British medical educators. The first separate school for women physicians opened in London in 1874 to a handful of students. Scotland was more open. Coeducation had to wait until the World War.

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Custody rights were relevant not only with regard to divorce, but also with regard to the legal rights of parents who were married (regarding decisions about children, which included the right of a father to separate a child from the mother, for example by the father sending the child to live

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Bullough argues that prostitution in 18th-century Britain was a convenience to men of all social statuses, and economic necessity for many poor women, and was tolerated by society. The evangelical movement of the nineteenth century denounced the prostitutes and their clients as sinners, and

4441:) was also set up to consider their regrading, although this failed to find in their favour. The women were only regraded into Category C following a further six-week strike in 1984 (source BBC documentary broadcast 9 March 2013). The 1968 strike was a trigger cause of the passing of the 3095:, and sought to establish what women's social contribution was rather than emphasizing equality or the similarity of the sexes. Feminism in 1950s England was strongly connected to social responsibility and involved the well-being of society as a whole. This often came at the cost of the 2617:'s dramatic graphics. Feminists learned to exploit photography and the media, and left a vivid visual record including images such as the 1914 photograph of Emmeline. Violence separated the moderates from the radicals led by the Pankhursts. The radicals themselves split; Emmeline and 2689:

work. Pugh (1974) argues that enfranchising soldiers primarily and women secondarily was decided by senior politicians in 1916. In the absence of major women's groups demanding for equal suffrage, the government's conference recommended limited, age-restricted women's suffrage. The

8228:: "A person is guilty of an offence if he excises, infibulates or otherwise mutilates the whole or any part of a girl's labia majora, labia minora or clitoris," unless "necessary for her physical or mental health." Although the legislation refers to girls, it applies to women too. 3899:

was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that significantly altered English law regarding the property rights granted to married women, allowing them to own and control their own property, whether acquired before or after marriage, and sue and be sued in their own

2540:, Parliament repealed the acts in 1886 and ended legalised prostitution. The age of consent for young women was raised from 12 to 16, undercutting the supply of young prostitutes who were in highest demand. The new moral code meant that respectable men dared not be caught. 10407:

following the outbreak of strikes and riots: "Owing to unlawful combinations and domestic violence now existing at Martinsburg and other points along the line of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, it is impossible with any force at my command to execute the laws of the

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was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that significantly altered English law regarding the property rights granted to married women. It completed the Married Women's Property Act 1882 by granting married women the same property rights equal to unmarried

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The Act allowed for the creation of female peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords. The first such women peers were four— Barbara Wootton and Stella Isaacs, who were sworn in on 21 October 1958, and Katharine Eliot and Irene Curzon, who took office the next day.

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that they (like children) did not have full bargaining power and needed protection by the government. The Act did receive a great deal of criticism as many believed that "household harmony could only be achieved by the total subordination of women to their husband".

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was enacted; it is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It created the offence of child destruction. It also amended the law so that an abortion carried out in good faith, for the sole purpose of preserving the life of the mother, would not be an

2917:. As a political lobby group it aimed at political, occupational, moral, social, economic and legal equality. Thus it was ideologically allied with the Open Door Council, rather than National Council. It also lobbied at an international level, such as the 4457: 4963:. In the case of gender, there are special protections for pregnant women. The Act does not guarantee transgender people's access to gender-specific services where restrictions are "a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim". Under s.217, with 2862:(NUSEC), which still advocated for equality in franchise, but extended its scope to examine equality in social and economic areas. Legislative reform was sought for discriminatory laws (e.g., family law and prostitution) and over the differences between 5016:; it ended when the topless feature was discontinued. The campaign was started by Lucy-Anne Holmes in August 2012; it reached 215,000 signatures by January 2015. The campaign gained widespread support from MPs and organisations but was criticised by 2694:(2004) argues that the British debate was essentially over by the 1890s, and that granting the suffrage in 1918 was mostly a byproduct of giving the vote to male soldiers. Women in Britain finally achieved suffrage on the same terms as men in 1928. 10062:

What we have achieved together so far has been extraordinary. pushing for this initial, much needed change and the results have gone far beyond our original remit. we are now planning to take a break before we come back to start on the next bit

3557:. In the case of gender, there are special protections for pregnant women. The Act does not guarantee transsexuals' access to gender-specific services where restrictions are "a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim". Under s.217, with 4918:

is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom; the primary purpose of the Act is to codify the complicated and numerous array of Acts and Regulations, which formed the basis of anti-discrimination law in Great Britain. This was, primarily, the

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The early 20th century, the Edwardian era, saw a loosening of Victorian rigidity and complacency: women had more employment opportunities and were more active. Many served worldwide in the British Empire or in Protestant missionary societies.

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with full control of her own civil rights. Additional amendments came in 1878, which allowed for separations handled by local justices of the peace. The Church of England blocked further reforms until the final breakthrough came with the

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It will probably have a salutary effect on the interests of public morality, that it should be known that a woman, if found guilty of adultery, will forfeit, as far as this Court is concerned, all right to the custody of or access to her

4437:'s government, the strike ended three weeks after it began, as a result of a deal that immediately increased their rate of pay to 8% below that of men, rising to the full category B rate the following year. A court of inquiry (under the 4497:

is an Act of the United Kingdom Parliament from 1970 which prohibits any less favourable treatment between women and men in terms of pay and conditions of employment. The Act has now been mostly superseded by Part 5, chapter 3, of the

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paid tribute to her as "the first woman Prime Minister". However Thatcher received scant credit from feminists for breaking the ultimate glass ceiling, because she herself avoided feminism, and expressed an intensely masculine style.

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argues: “Ironically here, as with the vote, success was sometimes the worst enemy of organised feminism, as the achievement of each goal brought to an end the campaign which had been organised around it, leaving nothing in its place.”

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Although it is sometimes claimed that the Custody of Infants Act 1839 represents an example of the 'tender years doctrine' (a concept which favors mothers of young children in custody cases) this Act in fact only allowed mothers to

2372:. Obtaining a divorce was very difficult, and there were only 314 divorces between 1700 and 1857, corresponding to a rate of two divorces a year. Traditionally, poor people used desertion, and (for poor men) even the practice of 2894:(which opened professions to women), and the Matrimonial Causes Act 1923. In 1932, NUSEC separated advocacy from education, and continued the former activities as the National Council for Equal Citizenship and the latter as the 5070:

2014: Sisters Uncut was founded in 2014 to take direct action in response to cuts to domestic violence services by the UK government, which has included demonstrating against cuts at 7 October London premiere of the 2015 film

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meant to subsidize families, that is, to support women in the “capacity as wife and mother.” Sue Bruley argues that “the progressive vision of the New Britain of 1945 was flawed by a fundamentally conservative view of women”.

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until she recovered or her sentence finished. The original act only applied to a few selected naval ports and army towns, but by 1869 the acts had been extended to cover eighteen "subjected districts". In 1886, the acts were

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for those born in the line of succession after 28 October 2011, which meant the eldest child regardless of gender would precede her or his siblings. It was brought into force on 26 March 2015, at the same time as the other

2613:" as a form of ridicule, but the term was quickly embraced in Britain by women who used militant tactics in the cause of women's suffrage. The term became visible in distinctive green, purple, and white emblems, and the 4992:, a website which documents everyday examples of sexism experienced by contributors from around the world. The site quickly became successful and a book compilation of submissions from the project was published in 2014. 2106:

seeks to establish political, social, and economic equality for women. The history of feminism in Britain dates to the very beginnings of feminism itself, as many of the earliest feminist writers and activists—such as

4586:, harassment, the provision of goods and services, and the disposal of premises. The Gender Recognition Act 2004 and The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (Amendment) Regulations 2008 amended parts of this Act to apply to 3249:, harassment, the provision of goods and services, and the disposal of premises. The Gender Recognition Act 2004 and The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (Amendment) Regulations 2008 amended parts of this Act to apply to 2528:

denounced society for tolerating it. Prostitution, according to the values of the Victorian middle-class, was a horrible evil, for the young women, for the men, and for all of society. Parliament in the 1860s in the

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was enacted; it created the offence of child destruction. It also amended the law so that an abortion carried out in good faith, for the sole purpose of preserving the life of the mother, would not be an offence.

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and personal fulfillment of self-declared feminists. Even those women who regarded themselves as feminists strongly endorsed prevailing ideas about the primacy of children's needs, as advocated, for example, by

3781:, also known as the CD Acts, were originally passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1864, with alterations and editions made in 1866 and 1869. In 1862, a committee was established to inquire into 3582:

was founded in 2014 to take direct action in response to cuts to domestic violence services by the UK government, which has included demonstrating against cuts at 7 October London premiere of the 2015 film

4006:" – largest open air demonstration ever held (at that point) – over 3000 women took part. In this year, women were admitted to the register to vote in and stand for election to principal local authorities. 2587:

to fight for women's rights to vote. Women had the vote in Australia, New Zealand and some of the American states. While WSPU was the most visible suffrage group, it was only one of many, such as the

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to separated and divorced women. It was designed in response to one cause of poverty amongst mothers and their children, marriage break-up. Support for the "endowment of motherhood" was also increased.

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It would have been utterly impossible for us to have waged a successful war had it not been for the skill and ardour, enthusiasm and industry which the women of this country have thrown into the war.

2537: 4187:, "... to amend the Law with respect to disqualification on account of sex", which it achieved in four short sections and one schedule. Its broad aim was achieved by section 1, which stated that: 2709:, "... to amend the Law with respect to disqualification on account of sex", which it achieved in four short sections and one schedule. Its broad aim was achieved by section 1, which stated that: 8897:

Cooke, Alistair (September 2014). "Founders of the Primrose League (act. 1883–c.1918)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/42172.

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in certain ports and army towns. The women were then subjected to compulsory checks for venereal disease. If a woman was declared to be infected, she would be confined in what was known as a

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GRIFFIN, BEN. 2003. "CLASS, GENDER, AND LIBERALISM IN PARLIAMENT, 1868–1882: THE CASE OF THE MARRIED WOMEN's PROPERTY ACTS". The Historical Journal 46 (1): 63. doi:10.1017/s0018246x02002844.

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Coppock, David A. (1997). "Respectability as a prerequisite of moral character: the social and occupational mobility of pupil teachers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries".

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was one such woman; her personal tragedy where she was denied access to her three sons after a divorce led her to a life of intense campaigning which successfully led to the passing of the

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at the Grunwick Film Processing Laboratories in London, was an industrial dispute involving trade union recognition that led to a two-year strike between 1976 and 1978. It was led by Mrs

234: 9429: 7617: 3911: 2311: 4859:(c 28) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is concerned with criminal justice and concentrates upon legal protection and assistance to victims of crime, particularly 5095:, the Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Criminal Justice and Support for Victims) Act (Northern Ireland) 2015 criminalises forced marriage (section 16 - Offence of forced marriage). 4233: 4102:

of 1913 was a march in Britain by suffragists campaigning non-violently for women's suffrage. Women marched to London from all around England and Wales and 50,000 attended a rally in

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due to additional pressure from women, extended the maternal right to petition for custody to children under sixteen. The doctrine spread in many states of the world because of the

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Report of a Court of Inquiry under Sir Jack Scamp into a dispute concerning sewing machinists employed by the Ford Motor Company Ltd. Author: Jack Scamp, published by HMSO, 1968.

5130:, which are always represented in the House of Lords. The Act was passed shortly after the Bishops and Priests (Consecration and Ordination of Women) Measure 2014 authorised the 9673:

The History of the Great Riots: The Strikes and Riots on the Various Railroads of the United States and in the Mining Regions Together with a Full History of the Molly Maguires

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While at the end of the war, childcare facilities were closed and assistance for working women became limited, the social reforms implemented by the new welfare state included

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the idea of the home as a private emotional world in which mother and child are bound to each other and in which the mother has control and finds freedom to fulfill herself.

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In divorce cases in the 19th century, a woman found guilty of adultery lost not only custody but also access (visitation) to her children. This is exemplified by a ruling by

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first coined the term "suffragettes" as a form of ridicule, but the term was quickly embraced in Britain by women who used militant tactics in the cause of women's suffrage.

2448: 2396: 4754:(c.2) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom. The purpose of the Act was to exempt the selection of candidates in parliamentary elections from the provisions in the 3362:(c.2) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom. The purpose of the Act was to exempt the selection of candidates in parliamentary elections from the provisions in the 5766:""That they may thrive" goal of child custody: reflections on the apparent erosion of the tender years presumption and the emergence of the primary caretaker presumptions" 4845: 4438: 3447: 10205: 10076: 4654:’s ban on women being served at the bar and drinking there rather than having their drinks brought to them at a table; the ban was held to be an illegal violation of the 3366:

and the Sex Discrimination (Northern Ireland) Order 1976 that outlaw sexual discrimination. The purposes of the Act allow political parties to select candidates based on

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in gender relationships as "what women need to fulfill the potentialities of their own natures". The 1924 Labour government's social reforms created a formal split, as a

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for the custody of children under seven, without any guarantee of obtaining such custody, especially since at the time the (very few) divorces granted were granted (by

3836:, enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom due to additional pressure from women, extended the maternal right to petition for custody to children under sixteen 11440: 2990:

were convicted but acquitted on appeal, the subsequent publicity resulting in a decline in the birth rate. Not discouraged in the slightest, Besant followed this with

2399:, a man could divorce on the ground of a wife's adultery, but a woman could only divorce by proving a husband's adultery aggravated by other misconduct (eg. adultery 11387: 4944: 4940: 3538: 3534: 229: 10156: 2332:

gave only the father the right to make decisions about the upbringing of a legitimate child. Mothers' rights gradually improved, especially with the passage of the

11357: 11317: 11297: 11277: 11180: 8636: 7262:"A dirty filthy book": The writings of Charles Knowlton and Annie Besant on reproductive physiology and birth control, and an account of the Bradlaugh-Besant trial 5106:

during the next ten years after the Act came into force, the position had to be filled by a woman, if there was one who was eligible. It did not apply to the five

4911:(applicable in England and Wales, and in Northern Ireland) was passed, which enables the victims of forced marriage to apply for court orders for their protection. 11292: 5226: 5088:

makes forcing someone to marry (including abroad) a criminal offence. The law came into effect in June 2014 in England and Wales and in October 2014 in Scotland.

2842: 2659: 2231:

minimized the role of women, allowing small all-female colleges to operate. However the new redbrick universities and the other major cities were open to women.

161: 9326:

Redmayne, Sharon (1 July 1993). "Matrimonial Causes Act 1937: A Lesson in the Art of Compromise | Oxford Journal of Legal Studies | Oxford Academic".

4161:

enfranchised women over the age of 30 who were either a member or married to a member of the Local Government Register. About 8.4 million women gained the vote.

3489:

announced that he would not have a deputy prime minister, much to the consternation of feminists, particularly with suggestions that privately Brown considered

2433:, which improved women's legal status, but there were also numerous limitations, in law and in practice, which prevented women from obtaining these rights. The 11420: 11372: 11367: 11342: 11200: 8563: 3732:

years. Penalties for employing women were small and inspectors were few and some women were so desperate for work they willingly worked illegally for less pay.

11347: 11307: 11260: 11255: 11225: 11205: 11190: 11185: 11175: 11170: 11165: 5856: 4822: 3425: 2460:

often put women in vulnerable situations, where they could lose rights to their children if it was deemed that their behavior was inappropriate. For example

8370: 4863:. It also expands the provision for trials without a jury, brings in new rules for trials for causing the death of a child or vulnerable adult, and permits 3184:

founded the National Joint Action Campaign Committee for Women's Equal Rights (NJACCWER), which held an equal pay demonstration attended by 1,000 people in

2210:

lawyers, but none as clerics. White collar business opportunities outside family-owned shops were few until clerical positions opened in the 20th century.

2195:

Upper-class women could exert a little backstage political influence in high society. However, in divorce cases, rich women lost control of their children.

11425: 11362: 11312: 11282: 11210: 5161: 151: 5750: 4283:

extended the grounds for divorce, which then only included adultery, to include unlawful desertion for two years or more, cruelty, and incurable insanity.

3210:

was formed in 1973 to raise consciousness and organise around issues specifically affecting Black women. Several of the group's founding members, such as

3041:

not as a holy state or something to which a few may luckily attain, but rather as the best course, the simplest, and the easiest way of life for us all”.

2625:

for insubordination and she formed her own group that was left-wing and oriented to broader issues affecting working class women. It was first called the

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Appendix A: List of Acts of Parliament specially affecting the welfare, status, or liberties of women passed in the United Kingdom between 1902 and 1919

4951:. It requires equal treatment in access to employment as well as private and public services, regardless of the protected characteristics of sex, age, 2890:

in May 1926. This eventually became an international movement, and continued until 1965. Other important social legislation of this period included the

9573: 5085: 3545:. It requires equal treatment in access to employment as well as private and public services, regardless of the protected characteristics of sex, age, 3029:

1950s Britain is regarded as a bleak period for feminism. In the aftermath of World War II, a new emphasis was placed on companionate marriage and the

268: 5816: 5266: 4751: 3864:

1878: Magistrates courts were given the authority to grant separation and maintenance orders to wives of abusive husbands; much cheaper than divorce.

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contributing in the educational system can be linked to the women’s suffrage movements that aimed to encourage women to enroll in higher education.

3056:. In the 1950s, women's magazines had considerable influence on forming opinion in all walks of life, including the attitude to women's employment. 9593: 2870:, the accommodations that would allow women to overcome barriers to fulfillment (known in later years as the "equality vs. difference conundrum"). 2801:

extended equal suffrage to both men and women. It also shifted the socioeconomic makeup of the electorate towards the working class, favouring the

2555: 1586: 9610: 2785:

that also meant that female employees were classified as supplementary staff, rather than permanent. The bank abolished its marriage bar in 1949.

9032: 9023: 6861:

Close, David H. (December 1977). "The collapse of resistance to democracy: conservatives, adult suffrage, and Second Chamber reform, 1911–1928".

4733: 3789:. On its recommendation the first Contagious Diseases Act was passed. The legislation allowed police officers to arrest women suspected of being 2855: 2593: 8530: 8464: 7764: 8247: 4490:

with an aim to developing a shared political outlook. Ten UK conferences took place between 1970 and 1978, with the first taking place in 1970.

1417: 10314: 9433: 7621: 7357: 5877: 2192:(1851). On 7 June 1866 a petition from 1,499 women calling for women's suffrage was presented to the Parliament, but it also did not succeed. 11466: 10676:

Finch, Janet; Summerfield, Penny (1991), "Social reconstruction and the emergence of companionate marriage, 1945–59", in Clark, David (ed.),

9998: 8632: 7703:

Finch, Janet; Summerfield, Penny (1991), "Social reconstruction and the emergence of companionate marriage, 1945–59", in Clark, David (ed.),

5770: 4856: 2368:, with great costs for either. The latter entailed sometimes lengthy debates about a couple's intimate marital relationship in public in the 965: 5586: 4349:

that meant that female employees were classified as supplementary staff, rather than permanent. The bank abolished its marriage bar in 1949.

2749:

At the same time there was a relaxing of clothing restrictions on women; however, by 1920 there was negative talk about young women called "

2243:

By the end of the nineteenth century, women had secured equality of status in most spheres – except for the vote and the holding of office.

2128: 11136: 6095:

Modern persecution, or, Insane asylums unveiled as demonstrated by the report of the Investigating Committee of the Legislature of Illinois

4426: 4165: 3165: 2810: 5726:) to husbands on the ground of the wife's adultery, therefore depriving her of rights to the children. According to Pinchbeck and Hewitt: 3885:

formed. "The Primrose League was the first political organisation to give women the same status and responsibilities as men" according to

10649:

Feurer, Rosemary (Winter 1988). "The meaning of "sisterhood": the British Women's Movement and protective labor legislation, 1870-1900".

9481: 8184: 6346:

Feurer, Rosemary (Winter 1988). "The meaning of "sisterhood": the British Women's Movement and protective labor legislation, 1870-1900".

5893: 4908: 4684: 4666: 4406: 3298: 3153: 2906: 2658:

and died under the King's horse. These tactics produced mixed results of sympathy and alienation. As many protesters were imprisoned and

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with an axe, protesting that she was maiming a beautiful woman just as the government was maiming Emmeline Pankhurst with force feeding.

4084:

passed, allowing hunger-striking prisoners to be released when their health was threatened and then re-arrested when they had recovered.

4948: 4852:

outside the country for British citizens or permanent residents, whether or not it is lawful in the country to which the girl is taken.

4214:

preclude University authorities from regulating the admission of women to membership or degrees. By section 4, any orders in council,

3542: 2738:

preclude University authorities from regulating the admission of women to membership or degrees. By section 4, any orders in council,

2085: 9933: 8053: 7047: 6997: 6906: 5276: 5024:

had ended Page 3, but the feature was revived for one issue published on 22 January. Following that, Page 3 has not been featured in

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and was a crime more severe than murder, because it was seen as threatening the hierarchical social order, and for women it incurred

251: 246: 6264:

Griffin, Ben (March 2003). "Class, gender, and liberalism in Parliament, 1868–1882: the case of the Married Women's Property Acts".

9118: 9084: 7816: 4981:

2011: The Forced Marriage etc. (Protection and Jurisdiction) (Scotland) Act 2011 gives courts the power to issue protection orders.

4702: 3330: 2809:

gave Labour the most seats in the house to date. The electoral reforms also allowed women to run for Parliament. Specifically, the

910: 263: 10249: 8829: 8600: 4486:(or National Women's Liberation Movement Conference) was a United Kingdom initiative organised to bring together activists in the 11461: 9404: 8754: 5927: 5320: 4176: 3808:

1866: On 7 June 1866 a petition from 1,499 women asking for women's suffrage was presented to Parliament, but it did not succeed.

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between 1932 and 1944, although it was a partial ban and was not fully enforced due to the BBC's ambivalent views on the policy.

2698: 4320:

between 1932 and 1944, although it was a partial ban and was not fully enforced due to the BBC's ambivalent views on the policy.

4276:

between 1932 and 1944, although it was a partial ban and was not fully enforced due to the BBC's ambivalent views on the policy.

2830: 10209: 9648: 8067: 8057: 5206: 3751: 3478: 2825:

won seats for the Conservatives and Liberals respectively by succeeding their husband's seats. Labour swept to power in 1924.

2626: 2175: 1395: 78: 9641:"The federalist papers : no. 43 The same subject continued (The powers conferred by the constitution further considered)" 8745: 8697: 2509:

The preoccupation with women's morality and sexuality meant that women perceived to violate social norms risked being sent to

2251: 8153: 7148: 4449: 4422: 4247: 4158: 3161: 2798: 2794: 2580: 2034: 1880: 1082: 73: 10956:

Shanley, Mary Lyndon (Autumn 1986). "Suffrage, protective labor legislation, and Married Women's Property Laws in England".

8719: 8330: 6301:

Lyndon Shanley, Mary (Autumn 1986). "Suffrage, protective labor legislation, and Married Women's Property Laws in England".

2650:

The radical protests slowly became more violent, and included heckling, banging on doors, smashing shop windows, and arson.

10295: 9964: 9739: 9455: 8312: 3925: 3896: 3875: 3826: 3644: 2806: 2563: 2559: 2484: 2003: 1933: 1243: 216: 9907: 8497: 7960: 7212:

Langer, William L. (Spring 1975). "The origins of the birth control movement in England in the early nineteenth century".

3071:, who fought for women's causes both in parliament and in the traditional non-party pressure groups throughout the 1950s. 11265: 10049: 4254: 3774:

allowed for easier divorce through a Divorce Court based in London. Divorce remained too expensive for the working class.

2998: 2837:(NUSEC), which had little support in the Conservative party. However, their persistence with Conservative Prime Minister 2013: 2008: 1703: 1427: 1028: 9764: 3593:

and see the struggle against racism and borders as intimately connected to the struggle against violence towards women.

9559: 8863: 8225: 5081:

and see the struggle against racism and borders as intimately connected to the struggle against violence towards women.

4932: 4841: 4621: 4538: 3526: 3443: 2522: 1228: 241: 221: 9201: 386: 11050: 11031: 11012: 11004: 10946: 10896: 10877: 10821: 10799: 10773: 10750: 10725: 10706: 10687: 10639: 10616: 10597: 10574: 10543: 10522: 10479: 9243: 9128: 9094: 8988: 8791: 8120: 8090: 7927: 7712: 7685: 7588: 7563: 7487: 7456: 7422: 7413:

Ward, Paul (2004), "Gender and national identity: Gender, 'race' and home in post-war Britain", in Ward, Paul (ed.),

7295: 7089: 7031: 6981: 6845: 6700: 6621: 6536: 6506: 6430: 6405: 6190: 6165: 6117: 5982: 5702: 5670: 5640: 5615: 5570: 5443: 4882: 4430: 3169: 2039: 2018: 1953: 1921: 903: 726: 683: 11129: 11061: 6822: 5518: 5099: 5036: 5032: 4169: 4035: 3728: 2665: 2288: 2216: 1358: 920: 186: 10735:

Lewis, Jane (1990), "Myrdal, Klein, Women's Two Roles and Postwar Feminism 1945–1960", in Smith, Harold L. (ed.),

6108:

Bullough, Vern L. (1987). "Prostitution and reform in eighteenth-century England". In Maccubbin, Robert P. (ed.).

5366: 5730: 5256: 5102:, an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, was enacted. It stipulates that whenever a vacancy arose among the 4762:

that outlaw sexual discrimination. The purposes of the Act allow political parties to select candidates based on

4717: 4646: 3502: 3277: 196: 141: 9590: 9353: 4537:

in a modern context, meaning violence in the home, was in an address to the Parliament of the United Kingdom by

3691:

1835: Property owning women and widows had been allowed to vote in some local elections, but that ended in 1835.

2174:

of 1838 to 1857 was a large-scale demand for suffrage—however it only gave suffrage to men over 21. In 1851 the

10104: 6796: 6667: 5490: 5461: 4964: 4487: 3558: 3494: 3207: 2170:

Property owning women and widows had been allowed to vote in some local elections, but that ended in 1835. The

2078: 1525: 1491: 1400: 868: 181: 9713: 8646: 6907:"Strand 2: Women's Suffrage Societies (2NSE Records of the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship)" 6048: 11471: 11240: 9503: 7129:

Abortion, doctors, and the law: some aspects of the legal regulation of abortion in England from 1803 to 1982

5044: 5017: 4523:(c 18) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom governing divorce law and marriage in England and Wales. 3720: 3498: 2668:

advanced the feminist cause, as women's sacrifices and paid employment were much appreciated. Prime Minister

2506:, which allowed them to obtain a judicial separation (not divorce) and to obtain custody of their children. 2373: 1983: 1973: 1875: 1405: 1223: 310: 211: 191: 9577: 6612:

Searle, G. R. (2004), "War and the reshaping of identities: gender and generation", in Searle, G. R. (ed.),

3144:

hereditary women peers (other than those in the Peerage of Ireland) the right to sit in the House of Lords.

479: 320: 11476: 10250:"Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Criminal Justice and Support for Victims) Act (Northern Ireland) 2015" 10232:"Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Criminal Justice and Support for Victims) Act (Northern Ireland) 2015" 9027: 8927:"Defining militancy: radical protest, the constitutional idiom, and women's suffrage in Britain, 1908–1909" 7734: 7554:

Pugh, Martin (1992), "The nadir of feminism and the climax of domesticity 1945-59", in Pugh, Martin (ed.),

5246: 4390:

hereditary women peers (other than those in the Peerage of Ireland) the right to sit in the House of Lords.

3936:; women who owned property could vote in local elections, become Poor Law Guardians, serve on School Boards 2345: 1963: 1938: 1763: 1032: 982: 975: 256: 206: 201: 8628: 8254:(legal guidance), Crown Prosecution Service: "The Act refers to 'girls', though it also applies to women." 4590:

people. Other amendments were introduced by the Sex Discrimination Act 1986, the Employment Act 1989, the

4552:

was abolished in 1973 for the Foreign Service; until then women were required to resign when they married.

3861:

were convicted but acquitted on appeal, the subsequent publicity resulting in a decline in the birth rate.

3829:

enacted; it allowed married women to be the legal owners of the money they earned and to inherit property.

3253:

people. Other amendments were introduced by the Sex Discrimination Act 1986, the Employment Act 1989, the

3052:

Women's commitment to companionate marriage was encouraged by the popular media: films, radio and popular

462: 11430: 11322: 11122: 4924: 4897: 4789: 4755: 4655: 4567: 4520: 4280: 4021: 4010: 3940: 3918: 3833: 3771: 3695: 3518: 3463: 3392: 3363: 3230: 2931:

and many others contributed. A number of other women's periodicals also appeared in the 1920s, including

2614: 2496: 2452: 2439: 2434: 2407: 2389: 2380: 2369: 2284: 2275: 1968: 1958: 1928: 1810: 1795: 1785: 1373: 1238: 1233: 925: 498: 88: 10131: 8431: 7798: 5908: 5561:

Bonner, Thomas Neville (1995), "The fight for coeducation in Britain", in Bonner, Thomas Neville (ed.),

3226:

and BWG was formed partly from frustrations that the Panthers were not taking women's issues seriously.

8931: 7136: 7019: 6066: 5211: 5164:) making period products, including tampons and pads, free and available to access in public buildings. 3659: 3045: 2955: 2642: 2220: 1911: 1498: 786: 83: 5894:

https://academic.oup.com/book/11777/chapter-abstract/160847454?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false

5299: 4013:

was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated previous legislation relating to

3754:

was founded and submitted an unsuccessful petition calling for women's suffrage to the House of Lords.

2283:

in respect of older children, maintaining the responsibility for financial support to the father. The

288: 10862:

Pugh, Martin (1990), "Domesticity and the decline of feminism 1930–1950", in Smith, Harold L. (ed.),

7761: 7441:

Pugh, Martin (1990), "Domesticity and the decline of feminism 1930–1950", in Smith, Harold L. (ed.),

4984:

2012–2014: In April 2012 after being sexually harassed on London public transport English journalist

4796: 4662: 4595: 4556: 4028: 3933: 3399: 3308:(who had been the first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990) died the then 3294: 3258: 2597: 2589: 2071: 1723: 1503: 940: 744: 690: 9157: 8349: 8244: 2314:, which made it easier for mothers to become guardians of the children after their father's death. 10660: 10003: 9260: 7371: 6357: 5001: 4956: 4828:

The Act was originally scheduled to run until the end of 2015. On 6 March 2008, Minister for Women

4775: 4125: 3854: 3778: 3550: 3431:

The Act was originally scheduled to run until the end of 2015. On 6 March 2008, Minister for Women

3378: 2983: 2922: 2529: 2410:

broadened the grounds for divorce, adding additional reasons for which a divorce could be granted.

2167:. They also campaigned for improved female rights in the law, employment, education, and marriage. 1998: 1993: 1988: 1945: 1825: 1621: 1383: 1037: 829: 705: 678: 591: 491: 10008: 8031: 7048:"Strand 5: (5SPG Records of the Six Point Group (including the Papers of Hazel Hunkins-Hallinan))" 5959: 3747:. They also campaigned for improved female rights in the law, employment, education, and marriage. 3568:

In 2013, the first oral history archive of the United Kingdom women's liberation movement (titled

3157:

cases of maternal life, mental health, health, rape, fetal defects, and/or socioeconomic factors.

10833: 9677: 8375: 7928:"'It was amazing to find sisters': Brixton Black Women's Group on their revolutionary newsletter" 4989: 4928: 4410:

cases of maternal life, mental health, health, rape, fetal defects, and/or socioeconomic factors.

4394: 4374: 4003: 3904: 3522: 3128: 2414: 1830: 1790: 1481: 1474: 1432: 661: 403: 10869: 10863: 10742: 10736: 9790: 7677: 7671: 7448: 7442: 5793:

Coppel, E.G. (1939). "The Control of the Custody of Children by the Supreme Court of Victoria".

4246:

1928: Women received the vote on the same terms as men (over the age of 21), as a result of the

8907: 7869: 6863: 6266: 5817:"The Nicholas Wall Memorial Lecture, given by Lord Justice Peter Jackson: 'Is Family Law law?'" 5779: 5059:

2013: The first oral history archive of the United Kingdom women's liberation movement (titled

5048: 4359: 3223: 1978: 1638: 1545: 1368: 1329: 1218: 1208: 1184: 1162: 1152: 1127: 1117: 776: 532: 420: 344: 10939:

Social dimensions in the novels of Barbara Pym, 1949-1963 : the Writer as Hidden Observer

10169: 9226: 8777: 8106: 7848: 7783: 7479: 7473: 7069: 6963: 6522: 6496: 4261:

1931: A 1-week strike of 10,000 non-unionised factory worker women, led by communist activist

4052:(that would enfranchise women) passed its 2nd reading by a majority of 109 but Prime Minister 3493:

to be de facto deputy prime minister and thus bypassing Harman. With Harman's cabinet post of

2487:

differentiated between homicide committed by a husband against his wife (which was classed as

10560: 10533: 10030: 7081: 7075: 6683: 6391: 5251: 5241: 5127: 5111: 4936: 4729: 4725: 4527: 4091:

of WSPU jumped in front of, and was subsequently trampled and killed by, the King's Horse at

4053: 3530: 3482: 2895: 2279: 2235:

physicians, so 80 to 90% of the British women departed to America for their medical degrees.

1728: 1688: 1678: 1633: 1464: 1439: 1348: 1213: 970: 930: 410: 327: 10231: 5949: 2324:

Before 1923, male and female adultery were legally treated differently (see section below).

9937: 8439: 7187: 5236: 5221: 5143: 4706: 3849: 3744: 3736: 3702:

1844: The regulation of working hours in factories was extended to women by an Act of 1844.

3602: 3334: 3053: 2978: 2826: 2822: 2814: 2618: 2502:

Women who were victims of their husband's violence were finally given protection under the

2236: 2228: 2211: 2164: 2152: 1850: 1805: 1775: 1758: 1748: 1596: 1508: 1486: 1378: 1353: 1288: 1132: 1112: 1062: 915: 851: 824: 564: 398: 123: 113: 8201: 3914:

made it easier for mothers to become guardians of the children after their father's death.

8: 11397: 11245: 11230: 11220: 11160: 10677: 10396: 9833: 9815: 8296: 7389: 6974:

Feminist writings from ancient times to the modern world: a global sourcebook and history

5271: 5261: 5201: 5196: 5009: 4810: 4782: 3857:

1857. Knowlton had previously been convicted in the United States. She and her colleague

3819: 3758: 3639: 3413: 3385: 3131:

in 1961 for married women only, and made available for all women with the NHS from 1967.

3060: 2986:

1857. Knowlton had previously been convicted in the United States. She and her colleague

2443: 2299: 2183: 2108: 1668: 1658: 1628: 1616: 1611: 1513: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1107: 1042: 1022: 955: 898: 856: 834: 800: 734: 486: 391: 170: 118: 108: 63: 10365: 9671: 8432:"Sisterhood and after: first oral history archive of the UK Women's Liberation Movement" 7813: 11392: 11382: 11352: 11337: 11332: 11250: 11235: 11086: 10997: 10983: 10975: 10925: 10921: 10850: 10846: 10762: 10664: 10628: 10494: 9145: 8958: 8950: 8833: 8266: 8159: 8018: 7335: 7229: 7202: 7055: 7005: 6945: 6914: 6888: 6880: 6594: 6590: 6361: 6328: 6320: 6283: 5543: 5073: 5053: 4960: 4920: 4570:(c. 65) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which protected people from 4545:, violence from within a country as opposed to violence perpetrated by a foreign power. 4494: 4442: 4370: 4328: 4070: 3973: 3667: 3585: 3554: 3514: 3233:(c. 65) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which protected people from 3204: 3192: 3177: 3124: 2963: 2772: 2681: 2669: 2584: 2178:

was founded and submitted an unsuccessful petition calling for women's suffrage to the

2138: 1855: 1845: 1835: 1820: 1815: 1800: 1753: 1733: 1708: 1673: 1663: 1643: 1540: 1422: 1412: 1313: 1067: 893: 759: 641: 354: 315: 68: 7391:

The law of population: its consequences, and its bearing upon human conduct and morals

4121: 3811:

1867: Second Reform Act – Male franchise extended to 2.5 million; no mention of women.

2941:, but whose content reflect very different aspirations. In 1925 Rebecca West wrote in 11272: 11103: 11090: 11046: 11027: 11008: 10987: 10942: 10908: 10892: 10873: 10854: 10817: 10795: 10769: 10746: 10721: 10702: 10683: 10679:

Marriage, domestic life, and social change: writings for Jacqueline Burgoyne, 1944-88

10651: 10635: 10612: 10593: 10570: 10539: 10518: 10501: 10475: 9497: 9239: 9231: 9222: 9124: 9090: 9040: 8984: 8962: 8859: 8787: 8149: 8116: 8086: 7935: 7908: 7888: 7708: 7705:

Marriage, domestic life, and social change: writings for Jacqueline Burgoyne, 1944-88

7681: 7655: 7584: 7559: 7536: 7483: 7452: 7418: 7395: 7291: 7265: 7237: 7193: 7183: 7154: 7144: 7085: 7027: 6977: 6949: 6892: 6841: 6768: 6745: 6696: 6617: 6577: 6557: 6532: 6502: 6477: 6454: 6426: 6401: 6348: 6332: 6287: 6246: 6223: 6186: 6161: 6138: 6113: 6003: 5978: 5723: 5698: 5666: 5636: 5611: 5605: 5566: 5547: 5439: 5416: 5393: 5231: 5146: 5131: 5123: 5119: 5078: 4915: 4901: 4893: 4889: 4860: 4833: 4680: 4599: 4591: 4534: 4499: 4472: 4401: 4103: 4081: 4049: 4014: 3955: 3858: 3724: 3605: 3590: 3509: 3467: 3459: 3455: 3436: 3305: 3262: 3254: 3197: 3148: 3113: 3068: 3059:

Nevertheless, 1950s Britain saw several strides towards the parity of women, such as

2987: 2937: 2918: 2887: 2875: 2802: 2468: 2461: 2457: 2365: 2224: 2171: 1916: 1780: 1743: 1738: 1718: 1713: 1683: 1648: 1601: 1591: 1555: 1550: 1535: 1530: 1444: 1179: 1172: 1147: 1137: 1122: 987: 960: 846: 805: 781: 656: 636: 623: 584: 579: 574: 547: 447: 22: 9696:"The historic role of women scientists at BGS and a look at what is happening today" 9640: 9378: 8281: 5345: 4698: 3326: 2878:

as president of NUSEC in 1919. She expressed the critical need for consideration of

2350:

In Britain, before 1857, the dissolution of a marriage was nearly impossible, being

11078: 11062:"Of Other Spaces: Women's colleges at the turn of the nineteenth century in the UK" 10967: 10917: 10842: 10809: 10404: 10144: 9335: 8940: 8355: 8141: 7900: 7513: 7478:, Brighton, Sussex Bloomington: Wheatsheaf Books Indiana University Press, p. 7331: 7327: 7221: 7175: 6937: 6872: 6737: 6688: 6679: 6644:

Oliver & Boyd's new Edinburgh almanac and national repository for the year 1921

6586: 6312: 6275: 6215: 5955: 5535: 5519:"Of Other Spaces: Women's colleges at the turn of the nineteenth century in the UK" 5499: 5470: 5328: 5092: 4968: 4461: 4381: 4202: 4099: 3844: 3802: 3782: 3740: 3706: 3685: 3624: 3562: 3269: 3185: 3135: 3109: 3105: 3092: 2973: 2899: 2871: 2726: 2622: 2533: 2418: 2156: 2112: 1865: 1860: 1770: 1698: 1693: 1653: 1606: 1581: 1518: 1390: 1318: 1167: 1052: 1017: 935: 841: 795: 771: 695: 668: 631: 474: 467: 457: 437: 381: 364: 305: 58: 10315:"Tampon tax abolished as Brexit allows Treasury to scrap VAT on sanitary products" 10077:"Exclusive: We've seen enough breasts - why I started the No More Page 3 campaign" 9976: 9058: 5934: 5660: 4147:

branch of the organisation continued to lobby Parliament and write letters to MPs.

2317:

A slightly less punitive approach towards adulterous mothers was made possible by

10958: 10081: 9597: 9546: 9300: 9172: 8723: 8251: 7820: 7768: 7531:

Whiteman, Phyllis (1953), "Making the marriage bed", in Whiteman, Phyllis (ed.),

7472:

Lewis, Jane (1984), "Patterns of marriage and motherhood", in Lewis, Jane (ed.),

7362: 7140: 6663: 6423:

Mrs Broom's suffragette photographs: photographs by Christina Bloom, 1908 to 1913

6303: 5765: 5139: 5115: 5103: 5064: 5040: 4818: 4803: 4617: 4468: 4132: 4110: 4063: 3882: 3598: 3573: 3421: 3406: 2910: 2838: 2271: 2255: 2223:(NUT). It demanded equal pay with male teachers, and eventually broke away. Both 2061: 1469: 1278: 1266: 1072: 1012: 992: 950: 888: 810: 700: 646: 604: 542: 537: 503: 415: 369: 9459: 7517: 5178:, meaning there is now a zero rate of VAT applying to women's sanitary products. 5035:(c. 20) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which altered the laws of 4724:

a professional licence on the sole ground that she was a woman, and argued that

4631:, Britain's first feminist bookshop, opened in 1978; it was run as a collective. 10206:"Forced marriage law now into effect - Scotland / News / The Evening Telegraph" 9542: 8976: 8371:"Harriet Harman will fill in for Brown at Prime Minister's Questions next week" 4996: 4829: 4571: 4363: 3986:

militancy (Civil Disobedience; Destruction of Public Property; Arson/Bombings).

3886: 3674: 3474: 3432: 3281: 3280:

strikers. It was the first dispute where the majority of strikers were from an

3234: 3211: 3030: 2966:, and providing lesser penalties for the felony of abortion before quickening. 2883: 2746:

provisions which were inconsistent with this Act were to cease to have effect.

2510: 2464:

lost custody of her daughter because of her allegedly immoral social activism.

2292: 2179: 2099: 1840: 1283: 1248: 1057: 863: 815: 609: 569: 452: 10906:

Pugh, Martin D. (October 1974). "Politicians and the woman's vote 1914–1918".

10057: 9851: 8393: 8240: 7507: 6876: 6575:

Pugh, Martin D. (October 1974). "Politicians and the woman's vote 1914–1918".

6279: 4874:” was abolished in favor of "single" for the purpose of marriage registration. 4460:(NJACCWER), which held an equal pay demonstration attended by 1,000 people in 4222:

provisions which were inconsistent with this Act were to cease to have effect.

3670:, and providing lesser penalties for the felony of abortion before quickening. 2491:) and homicide committed by a woman against her husband (which was classed as 2133: 11455: 11107: 10505: 10489: 10453: 10445: 10432: 10424: 10400: 10339: 9044: 7939: 7912: 7659: 7540: 7269: 7197: 6998:"Strand 5: (5ODC Campaigning Organisations Records of the Open Door Council)" 6561: 6458: 6250: 6142: 6007: 5922: 5503: 5474: 5420: 5397: 5107: 4434: 4215: 4198: 4088: 4042: 3794: 3628:

A suffragette arrested in the street by two police officers in London in 1914

3579: 3273: 3173: 3072: 3064: 3034: 2928: 2739: 2722: 2651: 2492: 2456:

the courts until the early 20th century. The emphasis on women's morality in

1142: 1102: 1097: 1007: 749: 712: 337: 332: 10267: 9339: 8808: 8163: 7399: 7158: 6481: 5689:(2006), "Ruling ideologies: the status of women and ideas about gender", in 4892:(c 3) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, a precursor to the 4059:

November 1910: Asquith changes Bill to enfranchise more men instead of women

3458:(c 3) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, a precursor to the 2262:

which before 1839 deprived women of a legal relationship with their children

38: 10768:. Brighton, Sussex Bloomington: Wheatsheaf Books Indiana University Press. 10109: 9959: 9695: 9482:"L–ast milestone on a record-breaking comedy Road ... Bob Hope dies at 100" 8879:. North West Labour History Society, 2012. ISBN 978-0-9523410-1-7, pp 37–38 8145: 7385: 7241: 7179: 6941: 6749: 6227: 5182: 5154: 5150: 4710: 4560: 4549: 4542: 4414: 4346: 4324: 4317: 4306: 4287: 4273: 4180: 4114: 3840: 3815: 3786: 3613: 3609: 3486: 3338: 3215: 3006: 2969: 2914: 2782: 2768: 2761: 2702: 2690: 2610: 2476: 2361: 2204: 2116: 1363: 1293: 1157: 1092: 1087: 1047: 997: 754: 673: 651: 552: 427: 300: 10452:; the second R is an anonymised reference to the defendant; UKHL 12 is a 10431:; the second R is an anonymised reference to the defendant; UKHL 12 is a 8996: 6741: 6219: 5488:

Owen, Patricia (1988). "Who would be free, herself must strike the blow".

4674:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

4639:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

4471:, feminist protesters threw flour bombs during the live event at London's 3289:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

2538:

Ladies National Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts

10787: 10783: 10268:"Bishops and Priests (Consecration and Ordination of Women) Measure 2014" 9669: 8663: 8624: 8564:"British Woman's Revolt Against High Heels Becomes a Cause in Parliament" 8049: 7647: 7643: 7315: 7107: 6723:"A Marriage Bar of Convenience? The BBC and Married Women's Work 1923–39" 6616:, Oxford New York: Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, p. 791, 6387: 5690: 5686: 5006: 4985: 4628: 4587: 4513: 4453: 4342: 4262: 4092: 3818:

and fellow campaigners were successful in securing the vote for women in

3735:

1850s: The first organised movement for British women's suffrage was the

3313: 3250: 3181: 3101: 3088: 3084: 2778: 2655: 766: 557: 10929: 10031:"Forced Marriage etc. (Protection and Jurisdiction) (Scotland) Act 2011" 9645:

Yale Law School, Avalon Project, Documents in History, Law and Diplomacy

6598: 6206:

Smith, F.B. (August 1990). "The Contagious Diseases Acts reconsidered".

5565:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, pp. 120–137, 4183:

on 23 December 1919. The basic purpose of the act was, as stated in its

2797:

gave near-universal suffrage to men, and suffrage to women over 30. The

2705:

on 23 December 1919. The basic purpose of the act was, as stated in its

10979: 10668: 10187: 10105:"No More Page 3 campaigner Lucy-Anne Holmes on her battle with the Sun" 9517: 9484:. Buzzle.com. 29 July 2003. Archived from the original on 16 March 2009 8313:"British girls undergo horror of genital mutilation despite tough laws" 7904: 7339: 6884: 6365: 6324: 5175: 4952: 4721: 4575: 4393:

1967: The birth control pill was made available for all women with the

4184: 4144: 3991: 3790: 3663: 3546: 3490: 3238: 2959: 2818: 2706: 2605: 2472: 2430: 2329: 2267: 2259: 2219:(NUWT) originated in the early 20th century inside the male-controlled 1323: 1308: 1002: 11082: 10741:, Amherst, Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Press, pp. 9878: 9682:

The History of the Great Riots and Full History of the Molly Maguires.

8954: 7318:(July 1954). "The Bradlaugh-Besant trial and the english newspapers". 7233: 5539: 3370:

in an effort to increase representation of women in British politics.

2829:(Sinn Féin) was the first woman elected in Ireland in 1918, but as an 11114: 10449: 10428: 9012: 8778:

How did the First World War affect the campaign for women's suffrage?

7579:

Caine, Barbara (1997), "The postwar world", in Caine, Barbara (ed.),

7447:, Amherst, Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Press, p. 7132: 6523:

How did the First World War affect the campaign for women's suffrage?

5020:, the photographer for Page 3. In January 2015, it was reported that 4766:

in an effort to increase representation of women in British politics.

4583: 4299: 4210: 4194: 3481:. Traditionally, being Deputy Leader has ensured the cabinet role of 3246: 3117: 3018: 2927:

which became the group's journal, and to which West, Virginia Woolf,

2734: 2718: 2549: 2357: 1303: 1298: 376: 9879:"12 and 13 February 1998 – Tribunal 1, 100 London Road, Croydon, UK" 9714:"Closed chapter: Sisterwrite, Britain's first women's bookstore,..." 6684:'Stepping out with the young set': youthful freedom and independence 6025:, Nigel Lowe, Gillian Douglas, Emma Hitchings, Rachel Taylor, pg 364 4832:

announced that the exemption would be extended until 2030 under the

3435:

announced that the exemption would be extended until 2030 under the

11145: 11043:

The cause: a short history of the women's movement in Great Britain

11026:. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 10971: 10567:

Tis nature's fault: unauthorized sexuality during the Enlightenment

9886: 9611:"Domestic violence in the Times: From civil unrest to spouse abuse" 8945: 8926: 7225: 6316: 6158:

The cause: a short history of the women's movement in Great Britain

6110:

Tis nature's fault: unauthorized sexuality during the Enlightenment

6097:. Hartford: Investigating Committee of the Legislature of Illinois. 5216: 4871: 4737: 4579: 4476: 4386: 4355:

1954: Equal pay for women in the civil service was required by law.

3242: 3140: 2750: 2480: 2352: 2103: 1077: 945: 508: 30: 10569:. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 61–74. 9261:"Eden Jessie (McCulloch): The Real Jessie Eden and Peaky Blinders" 8531:"MPs back temp worker's campaign to end 'sexist' high heel policy" 7583:, Oxford, England New York: Oxford University Press, p. 223, 6112:. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 61–74. 5563:

To the ends of the earth: women's search for education in medicine

2817:

narrowly failed to win a seat in 1918, but in 1919 and 1920, both

2632: 2151:

The first organised movement for British women's suffrage was the

8641: 8062: 7370:(3). Current Science Association (India): 233–234. Archived from 5315: 5313: 4878: 4864: 4821:

elections. Only political parties registered under Part 2 of the

4651: 4613: 4458:

National Joint Action Campaign Committee for Women's Equal Rights

4366:. The first such women peers took their seats on 21 October 1958. 4295: 4219: 4205:, and judges were permitted to control the gender composition of 3424:

elections. Only political parties registered under Part 2 of the

3301:, which made it an offence to perform FGM on children or adults. 3219: 3096: 3014: 2743: 2729:, and judges were permitted to control the gender composition of 2654:, a WSPU member, unexpectedly ran onto the track during the 1913 739: 9236:

The women's victory and after: personal reminiscences, 1911-1918

8856:

Prostitution and Victorian Society: Women, Class, and the State.

7889:"Brixton Black Women's Centre: Organizing on Child Sexual Abuse" 6695:. Manchester New York: Manchester University Press. p. 53. 5300:"BBC - History - Historic Figures: Harriet Taylor (1807 - 1858)" 4959:, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, and 4669:, which made it an offence to perform FGM on children or adults. 4362:

allowed for the creation of female peers entitled to sit in the

3553:, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, and 3284:

and still received widespread support from the labour movement.

2356:

restricted to the very wealthy, as it demanded either a complex

10764:

Women in England, 1870-1950: sexual divisions and social change

10699:

Separate spheres: the opposition to women's suffrage in Britain

10293: 9086:

A Lab of One's Own: Science and Suffrage in the First World War

7799:

Dagenham car plant stitch-up that triggered fight for equal pay

7603:"House of Lords Greets Its Peeresses; First Two Are Sworn In", 7475:

Women in England, 1870-1950: sexual divisions and social change

6838:

Labour in Glasgow, 1896-1936: socialism, suffrage, sectarianism

5013: 4763: 3367: 3063:

required by law for women teachers (1952) and for women in the

2488: 10630:

Forever feminine: women's magazines and the cult of femininity

9740:"The UK's feminist bookshops are making a triumphant comeback" 8809:"THE CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ACTS And the campaign to repeal them" 8331:"Doctor found not guilty of FGM on patient at London hospital" 8282:"Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005" 7831: 7829: 7823:

The Wainwright Trust, published 2006. Retrieved 4 October 2010

7558:, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, p. 284, 5697:, Oxford New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 353–355, 5436:

London's women teachers: gender, class and feminism, 1870-1930

5310: 4197:

was given the power to regulate the admission of women to the

3892:

1884: Third Reform Act – Male electorate doubled to 5 million.

3533:

protecting against discrimination in employment on grounds of

2775:; until then women were required to resign when they married. 2721:

was given the power to regulate the admission of women to the

2424: 2328:

abroad). Originally, the father alone had such rights, as the

8465:"Woman's high-heel petition receives 100,000-plus signatures" 8175: 8173: 4693: 4331:; until then women were required to resign when they married. 4140: 4066:, Labour MP, resigned his seat in support of women's suffrage 3999: 3951: 3805:

elected as an MP showing direct support for women's suffrage.

3321: 2813:

gave women over 21 the right to stand for election as an MP.

11070:

Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography

10395:

Compare the 18 July 1877 request for help sent to President

5527:

Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography

4846:

Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005

4634:

1979: The Kennel Club began admitting women members in 1979.

4265:, caused an explosion of English women joining trade unions. 4048:

February 1910: Cross-Party Conciliation Committee (54 MPs).

3448:

Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (Scotland) Act 2005

10538:. Vol. 9. Cambridge University Press. pp. 61–74. 8981:

The National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies, 1897-1914

8877:

Up Then Brave Women: Manchester's Radical Women 1819 – 1918

8664:"High heels row: Petition for work dress code law rejected" 7826: 7673:

Faces of feminism: a study of feminism as a social movement

7189:

Fruits of philosophy: a treatise on the population question

4574:

on the grounds of sex or marital status. The Act concerned

4291: 4206: 4136: 4074: 3983: 3969: 3237:

on the grounds of sex or marital status. The Act concerned

3010: 2730: 2336:, but it was only in 1973 that full equality was obtained. 10831:

Pierce, Rachel M. (July 1963). "Marriage in the Fifties".

10814:

The ascent of woman: a history of the suffragette movement

10145:

Succession to the Crown Act 2013 (Commencement) Order 2015

8170: 6928:

Offen, Karen (Summer 1995). "Women in the western world".

5160:

2020: Scotland became the first nation to pass a law (the

4817:

The Act does not apply to selection of candidates for the

3501:

when he was out of the country. Harman also held the post

3420:

The Act does not apply to selection of candidates for the

2129:

History of women in the United Kingdom § 19th century

10472:

Prostitution: prevention and reform in England, 1860-1914

6444: 6442: 6183:

Prostitution: prevention and reform in England, 1860-1914

6067:"Annie Besant | Social Reformer | Blue Plaques" 5607:

Until they are seven: the origins of women's legal rights

4849: 4413:

1967: In the common law of crime in England and Wales, a

4405:

28 weeks' gestation. In 1990, the law was amended by the

4313: 4269: 4241:

Employment of Women, Young Persons, and Children Act 1920

3108:, who published extensively throughout the 1950s and by 2757: 9765:"In conversation with members of Sisterwrite Collective" 9202:"The Welsh women who took the long road to get the vote" 4352:

1952: Equal pay for female teachers was required by law.

4229:

was enacted, treating male and female adultery the same.

2429:

The 19th century was a period of major legal changes in

10868:, Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, pp. 10682:, London New York, New York: Routledge, pp. 7–32, 6840:. East Linton, East Lothian, Scotland: Tuckwell Press. 5367:"The 1866 women's suffrage petition | LSE History" 4191:(whether incorporated by Royal Charter or otherwise), … 3947:, staple reading for the suffrage movement for decades. 3699:

the responsibility for financial support to the father.

3688:– confirmed the exclusion of women from the electorate. 2843:

Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928

2714:(whether incorporated by Royal Charter or otherwise), … 9289:. UK: Manifesto Press Cooperative Limited. p. 54. 6439: 5909:"and Children: Legal Authority in the Family 1 |" 5857:"Changes in divorce: the 20th century - UK Parliament" 5751:"Custody rights and domestic violence - UK Parliament" 4939:

protecting discrimination in employment on grounds of

4736:, Couch managed to have this decision overturned by a 4168:

was passed, allowing women over 21 to be elected into

10592:. Oxford, England New York: Oxford University Press. 10561:

Prostitution and reform in eighteenth-century England

10535:

Prostitution and reform in eighteenth-century England

9693: 9238:. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 170. 8221: 8219: 7080:. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 5695:

A mad, bad, and dangerous people?: England, 1783-1846

5346:"Harriet Taylor Mill, Enfranchisement of Women, 1851" 4823:

Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000

4045:

introduced to WSPU hunger strikers in English prisons

3426:

Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000

2543: 2421:(on the ground of having lived separate and apart). 10889:

Women and the women's movement in Britain, 1914-1959

10340:"Activists cheer as 'sexist' tampon tax is scrapped" 10294:

Rob Picheta and Ivana Kottasová (24 November 2020).

10170:"Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014" 9670:

McCabe, James Dabney; Edward Winslow Martin (1877).

9430:"A Changing House : the Life Peerages Act 1958" 9287:

Red Lives: Communists and the Struggle for Socialism

7864: 7862: 7801:, The Times, 24 April 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2010 7707:, London New York, New York: Routledge, p. 11, 7618:"A Changing House : the Life Peerages Act 1958" 7556:

Women and the women's movement in Britain, 1914-1959

7281: 7279: 7255: 7253: 7103: 7101: 6654: 6652: 6294: 5162:

Period Products (Free Provision) (Scotland) Act 2021

4701:

is a court judgment delivered in 1991, in which the

3329:

is a court judgment delivered in 1991, in which the

2805:, which was more sympathetic to women's issues. The 10068: 10023: 8593:"Temp's 'high heels' petition heads for Parliament" 8277: 8275: 8236: 8234: 8196: 8194: 8032:"Margaret Thatcher - British History - HISTORY.com" 8014: 8012: 5931:, Oxford University Press, accessed 12 August 2007 4650:, Tess Gill and Anna Coote successfully challenged 4541:in 1973. The term previously referred primarily to 4290:aborted the pregnancy of a young girl who had been 3950:1897: National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies 3009:aborted the pregnancy of a young girl who had been 2442:the only ground for divorce was adultery, although 11024:Gender, work and education in Britain in the 1950s 10996: 10761: 10627: 10493: 10448:, denoting a criminal case brought in the name of 10427:, denoting a criminal case brought in the name of 10096: 8348: 8216: 8138:Reclaiming feminism: Challenging everyday misogyny 8113:Feminist experiences: the women's movement in four 7728: 7726: 7724: 7506:Bruley, Sue (30 October 1999). Bruley, Sue (ed.). 7309: 7307: 5086:Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014 5056:implemented the Perth Agreement in their own laws. 4431:Secretary of State for Employment and Productivity 3170:Secretary of State for Employment and Productivity 10157:Statement by Nick Clegg MP, UK parliament website 7859: 7757: 7755: 7436: 7434: 7276: 7250: 7098: 7026:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 6649: 4877:2006: A Reclaim the Night march was organized in 4752:Sex Discrimination (Election Candidates) Act 2002 3360:Sex Discrimination (Election Candidates) Act 2002 2860:National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship 2835:National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship 11453: 11040: 9284: 8388: 8386: 8322: 8307: 8305: 8272: 8262: 8260: 8231: 8191: 8009: 7702: 7056:The Women's Library @ London School of Economics 7006:The Women's Library @ London School of Economics 6915:The Women's Library @ London School of Economics 6421:Broom, Christina (1989). Atkinson, Diane (ed.). 6155: 5361: 5359: 4760:Sex Discrimination (Northern Ireland) Order 1976 4607:Sex Discrimination (Northern Ireland) Order 1976 4236:improved women's legal rights to their children. 10147:at legislation.gov.uk (retrieved 30 March 2015) 9706: 9285:Meddick, Simon; Payne, Liz; Katz, Phil (2020). 8586: 8584: 8292: 8290: 7786:, BBC, published 2003. Retrieved 4 October 2010 7721: 7304: 7288:The trial of Annie Besant and Charles Bradlaugh 7170: 7168: 7024:Eleanor Rathbone and the politics of conscience 4594:, and other legislation such as rulings by the 3723:, commonly known as the Mines Act 1842, was an 3257:, and other legislation such as rulings by the 3152:gestation. In 1990, the law was amended by the 2379:The first key legislative change came with the 10959:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 10372:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 8 May 2024 10188:"Forced marriage law sends 'powerful message'" 9952: 9783: 9731: 9405:"Winning Equal Pay: The value of women's work" 8786:. Oxford: Heinemann Educational. p. 122. 8712: 8328: 7843: 7841: 7752: 7431: 6976:. Santa Barbara: Greenwood. pp. 484–485. 6531:. Oxford: Heinemann Educational. p. 167. 6304:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 6300: 5267:Timeline of women's rights (other than voting) 4209:. By section 2, women were to be admitted as 3785:(i.e. sexually transmitted infections) in the 3180:. As well, inspired by the 1968 strike, women 2733:. By section 2, women were to be admitted as 2672:was clear about how important the women were: 11130: 10358: 10138: 9549:' of Racing", Stud and Stable, 10 (4), pg. 29 9518:"Timeline of the Women's Liberation Movement" 9072:Includes full text of several primary sources 8498:"Heel-loving Sturgeon steps into shoe debate" 8383: 8302: 8257: 8019:"Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985" 7809: 7807: 7779: 7777: 7676:. Oxford, England: Martin Robertson. p. 7351: 7349: 7259: 6476:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 389–399. 5954:. Oxford University Press. pp. 140–148. 5771:Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy 5587:"CUSTODY OF INFANTS. (Hansard, 18 July 1839)" 5381: 5356: 4857:Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 4516:rules began permitting women jockeys in 1972. 3104:the head of the Children's Department at the 2898:. The council continued until the end of the 2858:(NUWSS) pivoted into a new organisation, the 2376:in the market, as a substitute for divorce. 2079: 10366:"Garrick Club votes to allow female members" 8658: 8656: 8581: 8557: 8555: 8553: 8551: 8491: 8489: 8487: 8485: 8425: 8423: 8287: 7814:Equal Pay Heroes Honoured: Breakthrough 2006 7732: 7512:. Macmillan Education UK. pp. 117–146. 7264:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 7165: 7122: 7120: 6556:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 29, 94. 6495:Searle, Geoffrey Russell (30 October 2004). 6451:The fighting Pankhursts: a study in tenacity 5977:. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. 5810: 5808: 5635:. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. 5597: 4166:Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 1918 2856:National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies 2811:Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 1918 2594:National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies 10782: 9562:. 26 March 1973 – via news.bbc.co.uk. 9354:"BBC - History - Themes - Women - Teaching" 8924: 8623: 8619: 8617: 8590: 8458: 8456: 8085:. London: Jonathan Cape. pp. 473–474. 8048: 7838: 7320:Population Studies: A Journal of Demography 4909:Forced Marriage (Civil Protection) Act 2007 4667:Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985 4077:(despite his support for women's suffrage). 3299:Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985 2425:Limitations to women's rights in family law 11137: 11123: 10891:. New York, New York: St. Martin's Press. 10296:"Scotland is making tampons and pads free" 9301:"Jessie Eden: Playing a blinder for women" 9164: 9051: 8524: 8522: 7804: 7774: 7535:, London: Chapman & Hall, p. 67, 7417:, London New York: Routledge, p. 50, 7394:. London: Freethought Publishing Company. 7346: 7313: 6234: 6126: 5654: 5652: 4885:there, with between 200 and 300 attendees. 4802:Local Government Elections (including the 4056:refused to give it more parliamentary time 3405:Local Government Elections (including the 2182:. This probably inspired British feminist 2086: 2072: 966:African-American women's suffrage movement 11059: 11041:Strachey, Ray; Strachey, Barbara (1978). 10999:British feminism in the Twentieth Century 10865:British feminism in the Twentieth Century 10738:British feminism in the Twentieth Century 10564: 10159:, 26 March 2015 (retrieved on same date). 10074: 9603: 8944: 8784:The extension of the franchise, 1832-1931 8781: 8772: 8770: 8653: 8548: 8482: 8420: 7794: 7792: 7771:, Thompsons Law. Retrieved 4 October 2010 7444:British feminism in the Twentieth Century 7117: 6769:"Women in the UK Civil Service - History" 6687: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6529:The extension of the franchise, 1832-1931 6526: 6245:. London: Ernest Benn. pp. 495–496. 6156:Strachey, Ray; Strachey, Barbara (1978). 6137:. London: Ernest Benn. pp. 498–500. 6047:Maddalena, Michaella (25 November 2020). 6046: 6018: 6016: 5960:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198226512.003.0006 5903: 5901: 5889: 5887: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5845: 5832: 5830: 5805: 5516: 5404: 5392:. London: Ernest Benn. pp. 500–506. 4728:made women too unstable to box. Claiming 3968:1903: Women's Social and Political Union 3276:, and involved mostly female, immigrant, 3083:Feminist writers of that period, such as 3021:after turning himself in to authorities. 11097: 10808: 10696: 10625: 10531: 10488: 10180: 10150: 10102: 9965:The poorest need shielding from bailiffs 9737: 9687: 9325: 9216: 9116: 8614: 8561: 8495: 8462: 8453: 8429: 8413: 8411: 8181:"Hansard, 6 Mar 2008 : Column 1932" 8140:(1 ed.). Bristol University Press. 8110: 8080: 7985: 7983: 7981: 7530: 7501: 7499: 7174: 7018: 6791: 6789: 6763: 6761: 6759: 6716: 6714: 6712: 6614:A new England?: Peace and war, 1886-1918 6498:A New England?: Peace and War, 1886-1918 6448: 6107: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5630: 5433: 4302:after turning himself in to authorities. 4159:Representation of the People Act of 1918 3623: 2631: 2319:Mozley Stark v Mozley Stark and Hitchins 2250: 2132: 911:Discrimination against transgender women 11021: 10955: 10469: 10075:Lucy-Anne, Holmes (20 September 2012). 9876: 9694:Pennington, Catherine (1 August 2016). 9676:. National Publishing Company. p. 9663: 9230: 9031: 8519: 8299:, FGM Education and Networking Project. 7642: 7355: 7285: 7073: 6815:"Representation of the People Act 1918" 6263: 6180: 6092: 5928:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 5837:Obligation and Commitment in Family Law 5658: 5649: 5610:. Winchester England: Waterside Press. 5458: 5340: 5338: 5294: 5292: 4612:1977: Marches were held in 11 towns in 4609:against sex discrimination was enacted. 4526:1973: Women were first admitted to the 4177:Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 3853:, a work on family planning, under the 3024: 2982:, a work on family planning, under the 2892:Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 2699:Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 11454: 11144: 10830: 10648: 10512: 9422: 9402: 9193: 9170: 8997:Stanford University PhD thesis, (1979) 8767: 8738: 8297:Notes on some overseas countries' laws 7925: 7849:"Ford sewing machinists' strike, 1984" 7789: 7735:"A history of the pill | Society" 7505: 7384: 7211: 6797:"1901-1950 - Lloyds Banking Group plc" 6720: 6630: 6611: 6551: 6494: 6395: 6345: 6240: 6132: 6013: 5997: 5898: 5884: 5863: 5842: 5827: 5792: 5685: 5603: 5560: 5410: 5387: 5277:Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom 5207:History of women in the United Kingdom 4870:2005: In England and Wales, the term “ 4685:Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 4672:1986: The United Kingdom ratified the 4533:1973: The first known use of the term 4484:National Women's Liberation Conference 4418:books in England and Wales until 1967. 4407:Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 3752:Sheffield Female Political Association 3677:advocated female suffrage in his book 3154:Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2949: 2874:, who became an MP in 1929, succeeded 2627:East London Federation of Suffragettes 2554:A series of four laws each called the 2467:Women had very little protection from 2176:Sheffield Female Political Association 11118: 10994: 10759: 10715: 10611:. New York: Oxford University Press. 10606: 10587: 10312: 9510: 9265:Encyclopedia of Communist Biographies 9258: 9199: 9189:Includes a photograph of the marchers 9076: 8832:. Spartacus education. Archived from 8722:. University of Paris. Archived from 8591:Kaur Grewal, Herpreet (17 May 2016), 8528: 8408: 8135: 7978: 7886: 7669: 7578: 7496: 7471: 7126: 6971: 6927: 6860: 6835: 6786: 6756: 6709: 6662:; other parts of s.1 repealed by the 6420: 6205: 5972: 5947: 5814: 5782:, The Catholic University of America. 5734: 5005:newspaper from including pictures of 4450:Ford sewing machinists strike of 1968 4423:Ford sewing machinists strike of 1968 4309:was removed for all teachers in 1944. 4248:Representation of the People Act 1928 3162:Ford sewing machinists strike of 1968 2841:was rewarded with the passage of the 2799:Representation of the People Act 1928 2795:Representation of the People Act 1918 11467:Social history of the United Kingdom 10905: 10886: 10047: 9969: 9117:Oldfield, Sybil (1 September 1913). 9110: 9082: 9039:. New York: Macmillan. p. 228. 8975: 8858:Cambridge University Press. p. 360. 8806: 8637:"Workplace Dress Codes (High Heels)" 8267:"Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003" 8245:"Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003" 8241:"Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003" 8202:"Equality Act 2010 - section 105(3)" 7553: 7440: 7412: 7214:Journal of Interdisciplinary History 6658:Passage in brackets repealed by the 6574: 6160:. London: Virago. pp. 187–222. 5923:Cresswell, Sir Cresswell (1793–1863) 5915: 5878:"Divorce since 1900 - UK Parliament" 5763: 5757: 5487: 5415:. London: Ernest Benn. p. 500. 5335: 5289: 4637:1981: The United Kingdom signed the 4620:; the marches were organised by the 4143:activity continued peacefully – the 3645:A Vindication of the Rights of Woman 3222:, had previously been active in the 2485:Offences against the Person Act 1828 2483:laws which were in force before the 2310:In 1886, the Parliament adopted the 10936: 10332: 9936:. 19 September 1999. Archived from 9560:"1973: Stock Exchange admits women" 9293: 9278: 9252: 8925:Nym Mayhall, Laura E. (July 2000). 8438:. School of Media, Film and Music, 8417:Equality Act sch.3, part 7, para 28 7192:. San Francisco: Reader's Library. 7077:Feminism: a very short introduction 6693:Women's leisure in England, 1920-60 6392:Socialist and public representative 5948:Stone, Lawrence (11 October 1990). 4255:Infant Life (Preservation) Act 1929 3972:was formed (under tight control of 3761:published the pro-women's-suffrage 2999:Infant Life (Preservation) Act 1929 2954:In 1803 the United Kingdom enacted 2788: 2640:, 25 April 1913 (after Delacroix's 2417:was the first divorce law to allow 13: 10922:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1974.tb02222.x 10847:10.1111/j.1467-954X.1963.tb01232.x 10565:Maccubbin, Robert P., ed. (1987). 10463: 10007:. 30 December 2006. Archived from 9651:from the original on 26 March 2016 8908:"Guardianship of Infants Act 1886" 8350:"Harman snatches an empty victory" 8329:Sandra Laville (4 February 2015). 8226:Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 8115:. London: Routledge. p. 136. 7887:Bogle, Marlene T. (January 1988). 7733:Sarah Bridge (12 September 2007). 6591:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1974.tb02222.x 6425:. London: Dirk Nishen Publishing. 5975:Road to divorce: England 1530-1987 5662:Life of the honourable Mrs. Norton 4933:Disability Discrimination Act 1995 4842:Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 4622:Leeds Revolutionary Feminist Group 3982:1905, 1908, 1913: Three phases of 3527:Disability Discrimination Act 1995 3444:Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 2886:of strict egalitarians formed the 2581:Women's Social and Political Union 2544:Protection for rich and poor women 2523:Prostitution in the United Kingdom 2186:to write the pro-women's-suffrage 14: 11488: 11005:University of Massachusetts Press 10794:. London: Routledge & Kegan. 9621:from the original on 22 July 2016 9574:"National Women's Aid Federation" 9403:University, London Metropolitan. 8496:McIntosh, Lindsay (16 May 2016). 8430:Tavernor, Rachel (8 March 2013). 8136:David, Miriam E. (15 June 2016). 7993:. Treaties.un.org. Archived from 7654:. London: Routledge & Kegan. 6730:Twentieth Century British History 6471: 6400:. London: Routledge. p. 45. 4770:The Act applies to elections to: 4475:, momentarily alarming the host, 3926:Married Women's Property Act 1893 3912:Guardianship of Infants Act, 1886 3897:Married Women's Property Act 1884 3876:Married Women's Property Act 1882 3843:was tried in 1877 for publishing 3658:1803: The United Kingdom enacted 3479:Deputy Leader of the Labour Party 3373:The Act applies to elections to: 3291:in 1981 and ratified it in 1986. 3067:(1954), thanks to activists like 2972:was tried in 1877 for publishing 2312:Guardianship of Infants Act, 1886 10941:. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press. 10792:Women's two roles: home and work 10701:. New York: Holmes & Meier. 10517:. New York: St. Martin's Press. 10438: 10417: 10389: 10306: 10286: 10260: 10242: 10224: 10208:. 6 October 2014. Archived from 10198: 10162: 10124: 10103:Cochrane, Kira (10 March 2013). 10041: 9991: 9926: 9900: 9870: 9844: 9834:"Gill v El Vino Co Ltd: CA 1983" 9826: 9808: 9757: 9633: 9584: 9566: 9552: 9535: 9474: 9448: 9396: 9371: 9346: 9319: 9173:"The Walk for Women - July 2013" 9017: 9009:Foundations of the Welfare State 9002: 8969: 8918: 8900: 8891: 8882: 8869: 8848: 8822: 8800: 8682: 8363: 8341: 8129: 8099: 8074: 8042: 8024: 7953: 7926:Thomas, Tobi (24 October 2023). 7919: 7652:Women's two roles: home and work 7607:(London), October 22, 1958, p. 1 6823:Parliament of the United Kingdom 6721:Murphy, Kate (1 December 2014). 6083:9 Geo.4 c. 31, sections 1 and 3. 6049:"Custody of Infants Act of 1839" 5100:Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015 5037:succession to the British throne 5033:Succession to the Crown Act 2013 4900:, now found in section 1 of the 4373:was introduced in the UK on the 4234:Guardianship of Infants Act 1925 3729:Parliament of the United Kingdom 3466:, now found in section 1 of the 3127:was introduced in the UK on the 2946:the male, I do not believe it." 2848: 2447:of the 19th century. Before the 2334:Guardianship of Infants Act 1925 2246: 2217:National Union of Women Teachers 2055: 1587:Democratic Republic of the Congo 921:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 37: 11098:Whiteman, Phyllis, ed. (1953). 10718:Women's welfare: women's rights 9977:"R.I.P Bachelors and Spinsters" 9877:Bentham, John (February 1998). 9738:Crockett, Moya (8 March 2019). 9591:House of Commons Sitting (1973) 9328:Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 9028:Conciliator-in-Chief, 1910-1914 8642:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 8463:Johnston, Chris (12 May 2016). 8063:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 8058:"Tributes to Baroness Thatcher" 7880: 7696: 7636: 7610: 7597: 7572: 7547: 7524: 7465: 7406: 7378: 7260:Chandrasekhar, Sripati (1981). 7074:Walters, Margaret, ed. (2005). 7062: 7040: 7012: 6990: 6972:Wayne, Tiffany K., ed. (2011). 6956: 6921: 6899: 6854: 6829: 6807: 6673: 6605: 6568: 6545: 6515: 6488: 6465: 6414: 6398:Emmeline Pankhurst: a biography 6381: 6372: 6339: 6257: 6243:A history of the English people 6199: 6174: 6149: 6135:A history of the English people 6101: 6086: 6077: 6059: 6040: 6028: 6000:A history of the English people 5991: 5966: 5941: 5786: 5711: 5679: 5624: 5579: 5554: 5510: 5413:A history of the English people 5390:A history of the English people 5369:. Blogs.lse.ac.uk. 12 June 2016 4718:British Boxing Board of Control 4647:Gill and Coote v El Vino Co Ltd 4377:in 1961 for married women only. 3679:A Plan for Parliamentary Reform 3503:Minister for Women and Equality 3353: 2516: 2122: 11462:Feminism in the United Kingdom 11102:. London: Chapman & Hall. 10995:Smith, Harold L., ed. (1990). 10474:. London New York: Routledge. 9999:"March remembers women killed" 9852:"Round one for women's boxing" 9037:David Lloyd George:a biography 8562:Bilefsky, Dan (6 March 2017). 7356:Balaram, P. (10 August 2003). 7332:10.1080/00324728.1954.10415306 6668:Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1989 6185:. London New York: Routledge. 5821:Courts and Tribunals Judiciary 5481: 5452: 5427: 4848:made it an offence to arrange 4734:Equal Opportunities Commission 4665:was outlawed in the UK by the 4327:was abolished in 1946 for the 3495:Leader of the House of Commons 3297:was outlawed in the UK by the 3287:The United Kingdom signed the 2771:was abolished in 1946 for the 2504:Matrimonial Causes Act of 1878 2475:had given husbands a right to 2381:Matrimonial Causes Act of 1857 2019:Women's suffrage organizations 1: 10559:: Bullough, Vera L. (1987), " 10313:Jones, Amy (1 January 2021). 9541:Curling, Bill (April 1971), " 8854:Walkowitz, Judith R. (1980). 8111:Bassnett, Susan, ed. (2013). 5973:Stone, Lawrence, ed. (1990). 5283: 5045:male-preference primogeniture 4139:activity immediately ceased. 4036:Women's Tax Resistance League 3721:Mines and Collieries Act 1842 3497:, Brown allowed her to chair 2753:" flaunting their sexuality. 2583:(WSPU) was formed in 1903 by 2438:women's adultery (before the 10588:Caine, Barbara, ed. (1997). 10500:. London: George G. Harrap. 8782:Whitfield, Bob, ed. (2001). 8529:Yorke, Harry (12 May 2016). 8311:Tracy McVeigh, Tara Sutton, 6968:" (1925) by Eleanor Rathbone 6966:The Old and the New Feminism 6527:Whitfield, Bob, ed. (2001). 5935:UK public library membership 5815:Smith, Chris (11 May 2023). 5659:Perkins, Jane Gray (2013) . 5257:The Women's Library (London) 5174:2021: Britain abolished the 5168: 5134:to appoint women as bishops. 5039:in accordance with the 2011 4975: 4867:to use force to enter homes. 4744: 4506: 4335: 3979:1904: WPSU Militancy begins. 3868: 3827:Married Women's Property Act 3764:The Enfranchisement of Women 3713: 3652: 3344: 2570: 2556:Married Women's Property Act 2346:Divorce in England and Wales 2189:The Enfranchisement of Women 2004:Suffragists and suffragettes 1934:American feminist literature 7: 11022:Spencer, Stephanie (2005). 10626:Ferguson, Marjorie (1983). 10590:English feminism, 1780-1980 10515:Women in Britain since 1900 8747:Women in mining communities 7581:English feminism, 1780-1980 7518:10.1007/978-1-349-27743-8_6 7509:Women in Britain since 1900 7114:Retrieved 20 February 2007. 7070:Early 20th-century feminism 7068:Walters, Margaret (2005). " 6962:Wayne, Tiffany K. (2011), " 6449:Mitchell, David J. (1967). 6053:editions.covecollective.org 5350:womhist.alexanderstreet.com 5189: 4925:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 4898:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 4883:murders of five prostitutes 4790:National Assembly for Wales 4756:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 4720:initially refused to grant 4656:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 4568:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 4521:Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 4488:Women's Liberation Movement 4281:Matrimonial Causes Act 1937 4227:Matrimonial Causes Act 1923 4151: 4011:Matrimonial Causes Act 1907 3962: 3834:Custody of Infants Act 1873 3772:Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 3696:Custody of Infants Act 1839 3619: 3519:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 3464:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 3393:National Assembly for Wales 3364:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 3231:Sex Discrimination Act 1975 3208:Brixton Black Women's Group 3033:as a foundation of the new 2909:(Lady Rhondda) founded the 2453:Custody of Infants Act 1873 2449:Matrimonial Causes Act 1923 2440:Matrimonial Causes Act 1937 2435:Custody of Infants Act 1839 2408:Matrimonial Causes Act 1937 2397:Matrimonial Causes Act 1923 2390:Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 2285:Custody of Infants Act 1873 2276:Custody of Infants Act 1839 1244:Views on transgender topics 1234:Views on sexual orientation 10: 11493: 10532:Bullough, Vern L. (1985). 9379:"Victorian Women Teachers" 9200:Evans, Neil (March 2017). 9123:. Vol. 8. p. 7. 8932:Journal of British Studies 8243:, legislation.gov.uk, and 8083:Margaret Thatcher (vol. 2) 7520:– via Springer Link. 7290:. London: Elek Pemberton. 7137:Cambridge University Press 7112:The Abortion Law Homepage. 7052:twl-calm.library.lse.ac.uk 7002:twl-calm.library.lse.ac.uk 6930:Journal of Women's Studies 6911:twl-calm.library.lse.ac.uk 6801:www.lloydsbankinggroup.com 6554:English History, 1914-1945 6396:Purvis, June, ed. (2003). 6208:Social History of Medicine 5839:, Gillian Douglas, pg 167 5665:. London: Theclassics Us. 5212:Women in the Victorian era 5077:. Sisters Uncut organises 4967:the Act does not apply to 4618:"Yorkshire Ripper" murders 4439:Industrial Courts Act 1919 3589:. Sisters Uncut organises 3561:the Act does not apply to 3499:Prime Minister's Questions 2643:Liberty Leading the People 2547: 2520: 2343: 2339: 2278:and paved the way for the 2221:National Union of Teachers 2202: 2198: 2126: 11411: 11153: 11060:Tamboukou, Maria (2000). 10760:Lewis, Jane, ed. (1984). 10513:Bruley, Sue, ed. (1999). 10444:The first R is short for 10423:The first R is short for 10132:"Bills before Parliament" 10048:Lucy (12 February 2015). 9502:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 9171:Malins, Phillipa (2013). 9089:. Oxford UP. p. 67. 8830:"Contagious Diseases Act" 8204:. Act of Parliament. 2010 8105:Bassnett, Susan (2013), " 6877:10.1017/S0018246X00011456 6660:Criminal Justice Act 1972 6511:– via Google Books. 6280:10.1017/S0018246X02002844 5764:Katz, Sanford N. (1992). 5633:Lord Melbourne, 1779-1848 5517:Tamboukou, Maria (2000). 5247:Socialist Women's Network 4797:Northern Ireland Assembly 4663:Female genital mutilation 4596:European Court of Justice 4557:British Geological Survey 3939:1894: The publication of 3400:Northern Ireland Assembly 3295:Female genital mutilation 3259:European Court of Justice 2598:Millicent Garrett Fawcett 2321:(1910, Court of Appeal). 2102:, as in other countries, 2035:Women's rights by country 941:Female genital mutilation 10697:Harrison, Brian (1978). 10661:Indiana University Press 10004:East Anglian Daily Times 9979:. BBC. 14 September 2005 8776:Whitfield, Bob (2001), " 8649:. col. 198WH–216WH. 8250:8 September 2013 at the 8054:Leader of the Opposition 6836:Smyth, James J. (2000). 6521:Whitfield, Bob (2001), " 6358:Indiana University Press 5631:Mitchell, L. G. (1997). 5504:10.1080/0046760880170106 5475:10.1080/0046760970260203 4825:are covered by the Act. 4711:husband to rape his wife 4073:'s house burned down by 4022:Artists' Suffrage League 3919:Women's Franchise League 3855:Obscene Publications Act 3779:Contagious Diseases Acts 3662:, making abortion after 3632: 3428:are covered by the Act. 3339:husband to rape his wife 3310:Leader of the Opposition 2984:Obscene Publications Act 2958:, making abortion after 2615:Artists' Suffrage League 2530:Contagious Diseases Acts 2302:in 1862, stating that: " 2040:Feminists by nationality 2014:Women's studies journals 2009:Women's rights activists 727:Movements and ideologies 10834:The Sociological Review 10607:Caine, Barbara (1992). 10470:Bartley, Paula (2000). 9596:24 October 2012 at the 9083:Fara, Patricia (2018). 9061:. Spartacus Educational 8515:(subscription required) 8396:. The National Archives 8376:London Evening Standard 8081:Campbell, John (2000). 7286:Manvell, Roger (1976). 7108:Lord Ellenborough’s Act 6773:www.civilservant.org.uk 6552:Taylor, A.J.P. (1965). 6181:Bartley, Paula (2000). 6037:, Frances Burton, pg 63 6002:, London: Ernest Benn, 5921:Getzler, J. S. (2004) " 5434:Copelman, Dina (2014). 4999:was a campaign to stop 4990:Everyday Sexism Project 4929:Race Relations Act 1976 4395:National Health Service 4375:National Health Service 3905:Contagious Disease Acts 3660:Lord Ellenborough's Act 3523:Race Relations Act 1976 3129:National Health Service 2956:Lord Ellenborough's Act 2609:first coined the term " 2558:passed Parliament from 2415:Divorce Reform Act 1969 1428:International relations 289:Intersectional variants 11196:Bosnia and Herzegovina 10720:. London: Croom Helm. 9791:"Sisterwrite Bookshop" 8755:National Mining Museum 8146:10.2307/j.ctt1t89279.7 8070:. col. 1616–1617. 7870:"TUC - History Online" 7415:Britishness since 1870 6942:10.1353/jowh.2010.0359 6864:The Historical Journal 6267:The Historical Journal 6093:Packard, E.P. (1873). 5780:Columbus School of Law 5063:) was launched by the 5049:absolute primogeniture 4705:determined that under 4699:[1991] UKHL 12 4448:1969: Inspired by the 4360:Life Peerages Act 1958 4193: 4029:Women's Freedom League 3743:(née Leigh-Smith) and 3629: 3572:) was launched by the 3473:From 2007 until 2015, 3333:determined that under 3327:[1991] UKHL 12 3224:British Black Panthers 2716: 2686: 2647: 2590:Women's Freedom League 2263: 2148: 1954:Conservative feminisms 1209:Bicycling and feminism 1185:Women in the workforce 1153:Violence against women 1128:Sexual objectification 1088:Opposition to feminism 345:Vegetarian ecofeminism 10887:Pugh, Martin (2000). 10634:. London: Heinemann. 9617:. 10 September 2014. 9409:www.unionhistory.info 9340:10.1093/ojls/13.2.183 8720:"The Mines Act, 1842" 7874:www.unionhistory.info 7819:13 March 2012 at the 7767:22 April 2017 at the 7670:Banks, Olive (1981). 6241:Halévy, Élie (1934). 6133:Halévy, Élie (1934). 5998:Halévy, Élie (1934), 5604:Wroath, John (2006). 5438:. London: Routledge. 5411:Halévy, Élie (1934). 5388:Halévy, Élie (1934). 5321:"Harriet Taylor Mill" 5252:The left and feminism 5242:Sex-positive feminism 5185:voted to admit women. 4937:statutory instruments 4881:as a response to the 4732:and supported by the 4730:sexual discrimination 4709:it is possible for a 4528:London Stock Exchange 4305:1944: In the UK, the 4188: 4135:declared in Britain. 3739:of the 1850s, led by 3627: 3531:statutory instruments 3483:Deputy Prime Minister 3337:it is possible for a 3112:who promoted through 2992:The Law of Population 2793:The United Kingdom's 2711: 2674: 2660:went on hunger-strike 2635: 2548:Further information: 2344:Further information: 2280:tender years doctrine 2254: 2203:Further information: 2155:of the 1850s, led by 2136: 1984:Feminist rhetoricians 1974:Feminist philosophers 1526:Revisionist mythology 1229:Views on prostitution 1214:Criticism of marriage 904:Children's literature 11472:Feminism and history 10716:Lewis, Jane (1983). 9795:islington.humap.site 9769:The Feminist Library 9059:"Women's Pilgrimage" 8440:University of Sussex 8284:, legislation.gov.uk 7853:TUC - History Online 7127:Keown, John (1988). 6023:Bromley's Family Law 5491:History of Education 5462:History of Education 5237:Second-wave feminism 5222:New social movements 5061:Sisterhood and After 4707:English criminal law 4113:of WSPU slashed the 4015:maintenance payments 3934:Local Government Act 3850:Fruits of Philosophy 3814:1869: In June 1869, 3745:Bessie Rayner Parkes 3737:Langham Place Circle 3570:Sisterhood and After 3335:English criminal law 3025:1950s – 21st century 2979:Fruits of Philosophy 2827:Constance Markievicz 2823:Margaret Wintringham 2815:Christabel Pankhurst 2619:Christabel Pankhurst 2237:Edinburgh University 2212:Florence Nightingale 2165:Bessie Rayner Parkes 2153:Langham Place Circle 1964:Feminist art critics 1939:Feminist comic books 1896:Lists and categories 1575:By continent/country 1406:Pathways perspective 1289:Gender mainstreaming 1224:Views on pornography 1133:Substantive equality 1113:Reproductive justice 1063:Matriarchal religion 916:Diversity (politics) 852:Political lesbianism 162:Other women's rights 11477:Feminism by country 11412:States with limited 11100:Speaking as a woman 10609:Victorian feminists 10496:The women at Oxford 10397:Rutherford B. Hayes 9908:"March: Jane Couch" 9580:on 13 January 2012. 9259:Stevenson, Graham. 8983:. Oxon: Routledge. 8603:on 13 February 2017 8535:The Daily Telegraph 8394:"Equality Act 2010" 8359:. 22 February 2009. 8038:. 12 November 2020. 7997:on 6 September 2015 7605:The Daily Telegraph 7533:Speaking as a woman 7203:View original copy. 6742:10.1093/tcbh/hwu002 6501:. Clarendon Press. 6472:Ensor, Robert C.K. 6453:. London: J. Cape. 6220:10.1093/shm/3.2.197 5272:Mary Wollstonecraft 5262:Third-wave feminism 5202:History of feminism 5197:First-wave feminism 5054:Commonwealth realms 5043:. The act replaced 4957:gender reassignment 4811:European Parliament 4783:Scottish Parliament 4683:was amended by the 4616:in response to the 4175:December 1919: The 4164:November 1918: the 3881:1883: Conservative 3820:municipal elections 3759:Harriet Taylor Mill 3640:Mary Wollstonecraft 3551:gender reassignment 3414:European Parliament 3386:Scottish Parliament 2950:Reproductive rights 2666:The First World War 2444:judicial separation 2184:Harriet Taylor Mill 2109:Mary Wollstonecraft 2062:Feminism portal 1969:Feminist economists 1959:Ecofeminist authors 1764:Trinidad and Tobago 1704:Republic of Ireland 1396:Composition studies 1163:Women's empowerment 1118:Sex workers' rights 1043:Feminist capitalism 1023:Internalized sexism 956:Feminism in culture 64:History of feminism 11045:. London: Virago. 10937:Raz, Orna (2007). 10816:. London: Abacus. 10272:legislation.gov.uk 10254:legislation.gov.uk 10236:legislation.gov.uk 10174:legislation.gov.uk 10060:on 21 March 2015. 10035:legislation.gov.uk 9914:. 22 December 1998 9858:. 24 November 1998 9840:. 7 December 2020. 9615:The New York Times 9232:Fawcett, Millicent 9223:Fawcett, Millicent 9178:. Cuckfield Museum 8836:on 16 January 2013 8807:Wojtczak, Helena. 8645:. United Kingdom: 8568:The New York Times 8066:. United Kingdom: 7905:10.1057/fr.1988.12 7184:Bradlaugh, Charles 6474:England: 1870-1914 5325:Sunshine for Women 4965:limited exceptions 4961:sexual orientation 4945:sexual orientation 4941:religion or belief 4921:Equal Pay Act 1970 4644:1982: In the case 4495:Equal Pay Act 1970 4443:Equal Pay Act 1970 4371:birth control pill 4329:Home Civil Service 4071:David Lloyd George 3976:and her daughters) 3974:Emmeline Pankhurst 3630: 3559:limited exceptions 3555:sexual orientation 3539:sexual orientation 3535:religion or belief 3515:Equal Pay Act 1970 3451:found not guilty. 3278:East African Asian 3205:socialist feminist 3193:Equal Pay Act 1970 3178:Equal Pay Act 1970 3125:birth control pill 2907:Margaret Mackworth 2896:Townswomen's Guild 2773:Home Civil Service 2682:David Lloyd George 2670:David Lloyd George 2648: 2585:Emmeline Pankhurst 2266:Under traditional 2264: 2258:helped change the 2149: 1374:Literary criticism 1239:Views on sexuality 926:Effects on society 894:Complementarianism 869:Women's liberation 624:Religious variants 598:trans-exclusionary 316:Radical lesbianism 11449: 11448: 11083:10.1080/713668873 10810:Phillips, Melanie 10652:Victorian Studies 10557:Also available as 10274:. 23 October 2014 10212:on 6 October 2014 9934:"Couch Interview" 9456:"Miss World 2006" 9307:. 15 October 2018 9305:tuc150.tuc.org.uk 8875:Herbet, Michael. 8690:"British Library" 8155:978-1-4473-2818-6 8056:(10 April 2013). 7374:on 9 August 2016. 7178:(October 1891) . 7176:Knowlton, Charles 7150:978-0-521-89413-5 6689:Langhamer, Claire 6680:Langhamer, Claire 6349:Victorian Studies 5933:(subscription or 5724:Act of parliament 5591:api.parliament.uk 5540:10.1080/713668873 5331:on 14 April 2007. 5232:Pro-life feminism 5147:Caroline Dinenage 5132:Church of England 4916:Equality Act 2010 4902:Equality Act 2010 4894:Equality Act 2010 4890:Equality Act 2006 4861:domestic violence 4834:Equality Act 2010 4681:Abortion Act 1967 4600:Equality Act 2010 4592:Equality Act 2006 4535:domestic violence 4500:Equality Act 2010 4473:Royal Albert Hall 4402:Abortion Act 1967 4203:Orders in Council 4082:Cat and Mouse Act 4050:Conciliation Bill 3956:Millicent Fawcett 3945:British Freewomen 3859:Charles Bradlaugh 3606:Caroline Dinenage 3510:Equality Act 2010 3468:Equality Act 2010 3460:Equality Act 2010 3456:Equality Act 2006 3437:Equality Act 2010 3306:Margaret Thatcher 3263:Equality Act 2010 3255:Equality Act 2006 3198:Equality Act 2010 3149:Abortion Act 1967 3069:Edith Summerskill 3054:women's magazines 3046:family allowances 2988:Charles Bradlaugh 2938:Good Housekeeping 2919:League of Nations 2913:, which included 2888:Open Door Council 2876:Millicent Garrett 2831:Irish nationalist 2727:Orders in Council 2471:, as traditional 2469:domestic violence 2462:Annie Wood Besant 2458:Victorian England 2366:Act of Parliament 2172:Chartist Movement 2163:Leigh-Smith) and 2096: 2095: 2047: 2046: 1566: 1565: 1556:womanist theology 1499:Political ecology 1330:Écriture féminine 1257: 1256: 1148:Triple oppression 1138:Toxic masculinity 1123:Sexual harassment 983:Feminist stripper 961:Feminist movement 517: 516: 448:Africana womanism 279: 278: 11484: 11154:Sovereign states 11139: 11132: 11125: 11116: 11115: 11111: 11094: 11066: 11056: 11037: 11018: 11002: 10991: 10952: 10933: 10916:(197): 358–374. 10902: 10883: 10858: 10827: 10805: 10779: 10767: 10756: 10731: 10712: 10693: 10672: 10645: 10633: 10622: 10603: 10580: 10549: 10528: 10509: 10499: 10485: 10457: 10442: 10436: 10421: 10409: 10405:Henry M. Mathews 10393: 10382: 10381: 10379: 10377: 10362: 10356: 10355: 10353: 10351: 10346:. 1 January 2021 10336: 10330: 10329: 10327: 10325: 10310: 10304: 10303: 10290: 10284: 10283: 10281: 10279: 10264: 10258: 10257: 10246: 10240: 10239: 10228: 10222: 10221: 10219: 10217: 10202: 10196: 10195: 10184: 10178: 10177: 10166: 10160: 10154: 10148: 10142: 10136: 10135: 10134:. parliament.uk. 10128: 10122: 10121: 10119: 10117: 10100: 10094: 10093: 10091: 10089: 10072: 10066: 10065: 10056:. 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Cresswell 2287:, passed by the 2157:Barbara Bodichon 2113:Barbara Bodichon 2088: 2081: 2074: 2060: 2059: 2058: 1999:Feminist parties 1994:Muslim feminists 1989:Jewish feminists 1900: 1899: 1881:History of women 1504:Political theory 1272: 1271: 1202: 1201: 1175: 1168:Women-only space 1053:Likeability trap 1018:Invisible labour 936:Female education 745:Anti-pornography 600: 599: 595: 311:Lesbian of color 294: 293: 171:Women's suffrage 147:Muslim countries 142:Women's suffrage 59:Feminist history 52: 51: 41: 18: 17: 11492: 11491: 11487: 11486: 11485: 11483: 11482: 11481: 11452: 11451: 11450: 11445: 11431:Northern Cyprus 11413: 11407: 11328:North Macedonia 11149: 11143: 11064: 11053: 11034: 11015: 10949: 10899: 10880: 10861: 10824: 10802: 10776: 10753: 10734: 10728: 10709: 10690: 10675: 10642: 10619: 10600: 10577: 10546: 10525: 10482: 10466: 10464:Further reading 10461: 10460: 10443: 10439: 10422: 10418: 10413: 10412: 10394: 10390: 10385: 10375: 10373: 10364: 10363: 10359: 10349: 10347: 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Suffragette 2596:(NUWSS) led by 2573: 2552: 2546: 2525: 2519: 2511:lunatic asylums 2427: 2348: 2342: 2272:Caroline Norton 2256:Caroline Norton 2249: 2207: 2201: 2131: 2125: 2119:—were British. 2092: 2056: 2054: 2049: 2048: 1950: 1897: 1889: 1888: 1887: 1796:Northern Cyprus 1576: 1568: 1567: 1562: 1384:Science fiction 1335: 1314:Women's studies 1279:Feminist method 1269: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1199: 1191: 1190: 1189: 1173: 1083:Oedipus complex 1073:Men in feminism 1038:Language reform 1013:Ideal womanhood 993:Gender equality 988:Formal equality 951:Feminationalism 889:Cognitive labor 883: 875: 874: 873: 830:Post-structural 729: 719: 718: 717: 626: 616: 615: 614: 597: 594:Gender-critical 593: 592: 543:Femonationalism 527: 519: 518: 513: 492:Native American 432: 387:Critical theory 349: 291: 281: 280: 275: 230:Second Republic 158: 128: 95: 69:Women's history 49: 12: 11: 5: 11490: 11480: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11447: 11446: 11444: 11443: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11417: 11415: 11409: 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(1978). 9033:Rowland, Peter 9024:Rowland, Peter 9016: 9001: 8989: 8968: 8946:10.1086/386223 8939:(3): 340–371. 8917: 8899: 8890: 8881: 8868: 8864:978-0521270649 8847: 8821: 8799: 8792: 8766: 8737: 8711: 8700:on 7 July 2022 8681: 8652: 8613: 8580: 8547: 8518: 8481: 8452: 8419: 8407: 8382: 8362: 8340: 8321: 8301: 8286: 8271: 8256: 8230: 8215: 8190: 8169: 8154: 8128: 8121: 8098: 8091: 8073: 8041: 8023: 8008: 7977: 7952: 7918: 7899:(1): 132–135. 7879: 7858: 7837: 7825: 7803: 7788: 7773: 7762:LELR Issue 121 7751: 7720: 7713: 7695: 7693: 7692: 7686: 7635: 7609: 7596: 7589: 7571: 7564: 7546: 7523: 7495: 7488: 7464: 7457: 7430: 7423: 7405: 7377: 7345: 7303: 7296: 7275: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7226:10.2307/202864 7220:(4): 669–686. 7164: 7149: 7116: 7097: 7090: 7061: 7039: 7032: 7011: 6989: 6982: 6955: 6936:(2): 145–151. 6920: 6898: 6871:(4): 893–918. 6853: 6846: 6828: 6806: 6785: 6755: 6736:(4): 533–561. 6708: 6701: 6691:, ed. (2000). 6672: 6648: 6629: 6622: 6604: 6567: 6544: 6537: 6514: 6507: 6487: 6464: 6438: 6431: 6413: 6406: 6380: 6371: 6338: 6317:10.1086/494297 6293: 6256: 6233: 6214:(2): 197–215. 6198: 6191: 6173: 6166: 6148: 6125: 6118: 6100: 6085: 6076: 6058: 6039: 6027: 6012: 5990: 5983: 5965: 5940: 5914: 5897: 5883: 5862: 5841: 5826: 5804: 5785: 5756: 5733: 5710: 5703: 5678: 5671: 5648: 5641: 5623: 5616: 5596: 5578: 5571: 5553: 5534:(3): 247–263. 5509: 5480: 5469:(2): 165–186. 5451: 5444: 5426: 5403: 5380: 5355: 5334: 5309: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5187: 5186: 5179: 5170: 5167: 5166: 5165: 5158: 5135: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5068: 5057: 5029: 5018:Alison Webster 5010:glamour models 4997:No More Page 3 4993: 4982: 4977: 4974: 4973: 4972: 4912: 4905: 4886: 4875: 4868: 4853: 4830:Harriet Harman 4815: 4814: 4807: 4800: 4793: 4786: 4779: 4768: 4767: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4741: 4740:in March 1998. 4714: 4703:House of Lords 4689: 4677: 4670: 4659: 4642: 4635: 4632: 4625: 4610: 4603: 4572:discrimination 4564: 4553: 4546: 4531: 4524: 4517: 4508: 4505: 4504: 4503: 4491: 4480: 4465: 4446: 4427:Barbara Castle 4419: 4411: 4398: 4391: 4378: 4367: 4364:House of Lords 4356: 4353: 4350: 4337: 4334: 4333: 4332: 4321: 4310: 4303: 4284: 4277: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4244: 4237: 4230: 4223: 4216:royal charters 4173: 4162: 4153: 4150: 4149: 4148: 4129: 4107: 4096: 4085: 4078: 4067: 4062:October 1912: 4060: 4057: 4046: 4039: 4032: 4025: 4018: 4007: 3996: 3987: 3980: 3977: 3964: 3961: 3960: 3959: 3948: 3937: 3930: 3922: 3915: 3908: 3907:were repealed. 3901: 3893: 3890: 3887:Alistair Cooke 3879: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3865: 3862: 3837: 3830: 3823: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3799: 3775: 3768: 3755: 3748: 3733: 3715: 3712: 3711: 3710: 3703: 3700: 3692: 3689: 3682: 3675:Jeremy Bentham 3671: 3654: 3651: 3650: 3649: 3634: 3631: 3621: 3618: 3475:Harriet Harman 3433:Harriet Harman 3418: 3417: 3410: 3403: 3396: 3389: 3382: 3355: 3352: 3346: 3343: 3331:House of Lords 3235:discrimination 3212:Beverley Bryan 3166:Barbara Castle 3031:nuclear family 3026: 3023: 2951: 2948: 2933:Woman and Home 2884:splinter group 2850: 2847: 2790: 2787: 2740:royal charters 2678: 2572: 2569: 2545: 2542: 2521:Main article: 2518: 2515: 2479:. Traditional 2426: 2423: 2364:leading to an 2341: 2338: 2293:British Empire 2248: 2245: 2200: 2197: 2180:House of Lords 2127:Main article: 2124: 2121: 2100:United Kingdom 2094: 2093: 2091: 2090: 2083: 2076: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2051: 2050: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2042: 2037: 2029: 2028: 2024: 2023: 2022: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1979:Feminist poets 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1949: 1948: 1946:Feminist songs 1943: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1922:by nationality 1914: 1908: 1905: 1904: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1886: 1885: 1884: 1883: 1873: 1871:United Kingdom 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1767: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1578: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1563: 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Bourne was 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4282: 4278: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4264: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4221: 4217: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4199:civil service 4196: 4192: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4160: 4156: 4155: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4118: 4112: 4108: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4094: 4090: 4089:Emily Davison 4087:4 June 1913: 4086: 4083: 4079: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4044: 4043:Force feeding 4040: 4037: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3994: 3993: 3988: 3985: 3981: 3978: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3966: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3909: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3877: 3873: 3872: 3863: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3851: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3824: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3810: 3807: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3795:lock hospital 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3773: 3769: 3766: 3765: 3760: 3756: 3753: 3749: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3717: 3708: 3704: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3683: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3669: 3668:capital crime 3665: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3647: 3646: 3641: 3637: 3636: 3626: 3617: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3604: 3600: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3581: 3580:Sisters Uncut 3577: 3575: 3571: 3566: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3471: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3452: 3449: 3445: 3440: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3415: 3411: 3408: 3404: 3401: 3397: 3394: 3390: 3387: 3383: 3380: 3376: 3375: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3351: 3342: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3323: 3318: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3290: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3274:Jayaben Desai 3271: 3266: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3227: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3206: 3201: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3174:Harold Wilson 3171: 3167: 3163: 3158: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3143: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3130: 3126: 3121: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3081: 3077: 3074: 3073:Barbara Caine 3070: 3066: 3065:civil service 3062: 3057: 3055: 3050: 3047: 3042: 3038: 3036: 3035:welfare state 3032: 3022: 3020: 3017:. Bourne was 3016: 3012: 3008: 3003: 3000: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2965: 2964:capital crime 2961: 2957: 2947: 2944: 2943:Time and Tide 2940: 2939: 2934: 2930: 2929:Rose Macaulay 2926: 2925: 2924:Time and Tide 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2903: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2849:Social reform 2846: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2807:1918 election 2804: 2800: 2796: 2786: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2763: 2759: 2754: 2752: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2723:civil service 2720: 2715: 2710: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2695: 2692: 2683: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2652:Emily Davison 2645: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2630: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2607: 2603:In 1906, the 2601: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2577: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2551: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2524: 2514: 2512: 2507: 2505: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2493:petty treason 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 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1893: 1892: 1882: 1879: 1878: 1877: 1876:United States 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1725: 1724:Latin America 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1572: 1571: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1546:Technoscience 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1520: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1407: 1404: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1369:Art criticism 1367: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1344: 1343: 1339: 1338: 1332: 1331: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1319:Men's studies 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1274: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1262: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1219:Views on BDSM 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1204: 1203: 1195: 1194: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1143:Transmisogyny 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1103:Purplewashing 1101: 1099: 1098:Protofeminism 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1008:Honor killing 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 963: 962: 959: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 905: 902: 901: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 886: 879: 878: 870: 867: 865: 862: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 844: 843: 840: 836: 833: 832: 831: 828: 826: 823: 817: 814: 813: 812: 809: 807: 804: 802: 799: 798: 797: 794: 788: 785: 784: 783: 780: 779: 778: 777:Individualist 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 761: 758: 756: 753: 752: 751: 750:Cyberfeminism 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 732: 728: 723: 722: 714: 711: 707: 704: 703: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 685: 682: 680: 677: 675: 672: 671: 670: 667: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 644: 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Amherst: 10663:: 233–260. 10216:16 December 9892:12 February 9838:swarb.co.uk 9414:13 November 9388:13 November 9363:13 November 9311:14 February 9270:14 February 8760:20 November 8627:, the 8625:Helen Jones 8050:Ed Miliband 8036:HISTORY.com 7784:The Reunion 6778:13 November 6360:: 233–260. 5074:Suffragette 4995:2012–2015: 4986:Laura Bates 4629:Sisterwrite 4588:transgender 4563:until 1975. 4539:Jack Ashley 4514:Jockey Club 4343:Lloyds Bank 4263:Jessie Eden 4120:painted by 3941:C.C. Stopes 3791:prostitutes 3586:Suffragette 3485:. 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