1193:
2716:
1269:
1257:
1245:
1217:
1181:. The afferent arc is mediated by the general sensory afferents of the trigeminal nerve. The efferent arc occurs via the facial nerve. The reflex involves consensual blinking of both eyes in response to stimulation of one eye. This is due to the facial nerves' innervation of the muscles of facial expression, namely orbicularis oculi, responsible for blinking. Thus, the corneal reflex effectively tests the proper functioning of both cranial nerves V and VII.
1229:
47:
1205:
1281:
1322:
59:
874:(the rest of the hyoid is formed by the third arch). The facial nerve supplies motor and sensory innervation to the muscles formed by the second pharyngeal arch, including the muscles of facial expression, the posterior belly of the digastric, stylohyoid, and stapedius. The motor division of the facial nerve is derived from the
1130:). Although giving the appearance of a hemiplegic stroke, effects dissipate with the drug. When the facial nerve is permanently damaged due to a birth defect, trauma, or other disorder, surgery including a cross facial nerve graft or masseteric facial nerve transfer may be performed to help regain facial movement.
975:) and taste (VII) fibers travel together as the lingual nerve briefly before the chorda tympani leaves the lingual nerve to enter the tympanic cavity (middle ear) via the petrotympanic fissure. It joins the rest of the facial nerve via the canaliculus for chorda tympani. The facial nerve then forms the
979:, which contains the cell bodies of the taste fibers of chorda tympani and other taste and sensory pathways. From the geniculate ganglion, the taste fibers continue as the intermediate nerve which goes to the upper anterior quadrant of the fundus of the
2736:
1121:
acute facial nerve paralysis, which is more accurately described as a multiple cranial nerve ganglionitis that involves the facial nerve, and most likely results from viral infection and also sometimes as a result of
885:
Although the anterior two thirds of the tongue are derived from the first pharyngeal arch, which gives rise to the trigeminal nerve, not all innervation of the tongue is supplied by it. The lingual branch of the
583:
is the second bend in the facial nerve, where the nerve runs downward as the mastoid segment, the longest segment of the facial nerve. In the temporal part of the facial canal, the nerve gives branch to the
1440:
1174:
Taste can be tested on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. This can be tested with a swab dipped in a flavored solution, or with electronic stimulation (similar to putting your tongue on a battery).
1256:
1171:
lesions can result in a CN VII palsy (Bell's palsy is the idiopathic form of facial nerve palsy), manifested as both upper and lower facial weakness on the same side of the lesion.
627:
to become the upper and lower divisions of the facial nerve. It then splits into five branches (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical), innervating the
1192:
541:
The labyrinthine segment is the shortest and narrowest segment of the facial nerve and ends where the facial nerve forms a bend known as the geniculum of the facial nerve (
728:
provides parasympathetic innervation to the sublingual and submandibular glands, as well as special sensory taste fibers for the anterior two thirds of the tongue.
983:
along with the motor root of the facial nerve. The intermediate nerve reaches the posterior cranial fossa via the internal acoustic meatus before synapsing in the
1030:. Parasympathetic innervation serves to increase the flow of saliva from these glands. It also supplies parasympathetic innervation to the nasal mucosa and the
219:
1244:
615:. It then gives rise to the branch to the posterior belly of the digastric, and then the branch to the stylohyoid. The facial nerve then passes through the
2595:
1216:
660:
2590:
2519:
2374:
2354:
870:, or branchial arch. The second arch is called the hyoid arch because it contributes to the formation of the lesser horn and upper body of the
784:
372:
2359:
1960:
967:. General sensation from the anterior two-thirds of tongue are supplied by afferent fibers of the third division of the fifth cranial nerve (
195:
2537:
2364:
2311:
2306:
1157:, only the lower part of the face on the contralateral side will be affected, due to the bilateral control to the upper facial muscles (
1142:
Voluntary facial movements, such as wrinkling the brow, showing teeth, frowning, closing the eyes tightly (inability to do so is called
810:
At the posterior belly of digastric by tracing this backwards to the tympanic plate, the nerve can be found between these two structures
2369:
2179:
1228:
1970:
2585:
1898:
1736:
2796:
2169:
1262:
Left temporal bone showing surface markings for the tympanic antrum (red), transverse sinus (blue), and facial nerve (yellow).
2691:
2164:
17:
2781:
774:
612:
2184:
1907:
1893:
1127:
789:
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365:
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2174:
2152:
1701:
1638:
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1524:
779:
1654:
Masterson L, Vallis M, Quinlivan R, Prinsley P (September 2015). "Assessment and management of facial nerve palsy".
1309:
1146:), pursing the lips and puffing out the cheeks, all test the facial nerve. There should be no noticeable asymmetry.
2756:
2659:
2490:
2485:
2441:
2436:
2147:
226:
2467:
2462:
895:
1268:
592:. The chorda tympani supplies taste fibers to the anterior two thirds of the tongue, and also synapses with the
2664:
2575:
1015:
1204:
2616:
2580:
1304:
358:
214:
2776:
2771:
1883:
1729:
1110:
1104:
1075:, innervate muscles of facial expression, stapedius, the posterior belly of digastric, and the stylohyoid.
628:
624:
414:
104:
2395:
1039:
855:
644:
1331:
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1839:
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2212:
2137:
1965:
1079:
1072:
1065:
899:
875:
744:
1631:
The
Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology with Student Consult Online Access, 9th Edition
1126:. Iatrogenic Bell's palsy may also be as a result of an incorrectly placed dental local-anesthetic (
183:
2652:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2092:
1975:
1280:
1162:
1068:, which innervate the sublingual, submandibular, and lacrimal glands, also mucosa of nasal cavity.
1058:
1035:
980:
558:
531:
166:
108:
2791:
2746:
2226:
1722:
1557:"Identification of facial nerve during parotidectomy: a combined anatomical & surgical study"
523:
345:
304:
534:. Upon exiting the internal auditory meatus, the nerve then runs a tortuous course through the
2284:
2114:
2099:
2087:
1356:
1297:
839:
692:
640:
593:
550:
310:
202:
190:
91:
894:
supplies non-taste sensation (pressure, heat, texture) to the anterior part of the tongue via
2751:
2741:
2555:
2342:
940:
814:
707:
688:
527:
898:. Nerve fibers for taste are supplied by the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve via
2550:
2272:
2202:
2127:
1250:
Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ.
879:
851:
737:
608:
522:
From the brain stem, the motor and sensory parts of the facial nerve join and traverse the
508:
434:
77:
8:
2683:
2067:
1985:
1405:
Kochhar A, Larian B, Azizzadeh B (April 2016). "Facial Nerve and
Parotid Gland Anatomy".
1019:
976:
887:
847:
703:
601:
546:
490:
134:
2715:
817:
at the inferior aspect of the gland where the marginal branch would be seen crossing it.
553:, arises here from the geniculate ganglion. The greater petrosal nerve runs through the
2786:
2142:
2062:
1878:
1696:
Kliniska Färdigheter: Informationsutbytet Mellan
Patient Och Läkare, LINDGREN, STEFAN,
1679:
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1168:
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81:
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of the pons and provides parasympathetic innervation to several glands, including the
2674:
2260:
2255:
2238:
1928:
1697:
1683:
1671:
1634:
1609:
1586:
1520:
1497:
1422:
1336:
1222:
Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves.
924:
757:
328:
2737:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
1134:
surgery is also sometimes carried out in certain cases of facial nerve compression.
850:
for taste sensation. The cell bodies for muscular efferent nerves are found in the
2647:
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2611:
2400:
2390:
2267:
2207:
2026:
2005:
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1948:
1902:
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286:
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31:
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1919:
1815:
1788:
1114:
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1003:
995:
936:
867:
854:
whereas the cell bodies for the parasympathetic efferent nerves are found in the
672:
652:
569:
554:
515:, while the sensory and parasympathetic parts of the facial nerve arise from the
480:
intracranial (cisternal) segment (from brainstem pons to internal auditory canal)
449:
442:
322:
280:
262:
171:
142:
2720:
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2017:
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562:
500:
mastoid (or vertical) segment (from pyramidal eminence to stylomastoid foramen)
438:
340:
292:
256:
246:
1572:
1418:
1038:. The parasympathetic fibers that travel in the facial nerve originate in the
2730:
2454:
2425:
2347:
2324:
2295:
2109:
1766:
1327:
1235:
1154:
1143:
990:
The facial nerve also supplies a small amount of afferent innervation to the
699:
676:
668:
616:
430:
402:
207:
1441:"Parotidectomy with Facial Nerve Dissections | Iowa Head and Neck Protocols"
2079:
1849:
1675:
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1501:
1426:
1123:
804:
680:
648:
535:
426:
1555:
Saha S, Pal S, Sengupta M, Chowdhury K, Saha VP, Mondal L (January 2014).
1482:
963:. Taste sensation is sent to the gustatory portion (superior part) of the
538:, which is divided into the labyrinthine, tympanic, and mastoid segments.
503:
extratemporal segment (from stylomastoid foramen to post parotid branches)
30:
Not to be confused with other nerves that innervate the face, such as the
2414:
1854:
1827:
835:
798:
Intra operatively the facial nerve is recognized at 3 constant landmarks:
316:
268:
1118:
991:
932:
871:
178:
112:
1667:
878:
of the embryonic pons, while the sensory division originates from the
232:
1714:
998:. There is also a small amount of cutaneous sensation carried by the
549:
for sensory nerve bodies. The first branch of the facial nerve, the
486:
labyrinthine segment (internal auditory canal to geniculate ganglion)
410:
747:
which controls movements of some of the scalp muscles around the ear
46:
1198:
Inferior view of the human brain, with the cranial nerves labelled.
843:
561:. Postsynaptic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve innervate the
915:
The main function of the facial nerve is motor control of all the
2567:
596:. Postsynaptic fibers from the submandibular ganglion supply the
483:
meatal (canalicular) segment (within the internal auditory canal)
453:
1653:
2529:
956:
684:
476:
The path of the facial nerve can be divided into six segments:
422:
127:
1464:
Gupta S, Mends F, Hagiwara M, Fatterpekar G, Roehm PC (2013).
1463:
972:
952:
573:
437:. It arises from the brainstem from an area posterior to the
418:
154:
123:
1045:
The facial nerve also functions as the efferent limb of the
866:
The facial nerve is developmentally derived from the second
838:
for the facial nerve are grouped in anatomical areas called
2477:
968:
846:. The cell bodies for the afferent nerves are found in the
568:
In the tympanic segment, the facial nerve runs through the
512:
406:
1561:
Indian
Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
58:
1082:, provide taste to the anterior two-thirds of tongue via
1554:
425:. The nerve typically travels from the pons through the
1404:
1234:
The course and connections of the facial nerve in the
663:. It also provides parasympathetic innervation to the
2704:
740:, the following nerves branch off the facial nerve:
1628:
1113:, which is usually manifested by facial paralysis.
507:The motor part of the facial nerve arises from the
1519:(Ninth ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.; London: LWW.
1466:"Imaging the facial nerve: a contemporary review"
1064:The facial nerve also carries axons of type GVE,
2728:
919:. It also innervates the posterior belly of the
683:. This nerve also includes taste fibers for the
63:The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck.
955:sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the
421:sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the
807:where the nerve is 1 cm deep and inferior
1730:
448:The facial nerve also supplies preganglionic
366:
1633:(9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.
1057:The facial nerve carries axons of type GSA,
51:The course of the facial nerve is shown here
1210:Mandibular division of the trifacial nerve.
619:, which it does not innervate, to form the
27:Cranial nerve VII, for the face and tasting
1737:
1723:
373:
359:
1629:Moore KL, Persaud TV, Torchia MG (2011).
1580:
1491:
1481:
1690:
1407:Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
1310:List of anatomy mnemonics#Cranial nerves
1089:
1052:
731:
634:
951:In addition, the facial nerve receives
489:tympanic (or horizontal) segment (from
463:can be collectively referred to as the
14:
2729:
1744:
1326:This article incorporates text in the
1718:
1603:
1514:
611:, the facial nerve gives rise to the
417:, and functions in the conveyance of
1351:
1349:
1184:
910:
946:
717:provides motor innervation for the
623:. The nerve then bifurcates at the
470:
24:
545:meaning knee), which contains the
92:Greater superficial petrosal nerve
25:
2808:
1710:
1542:Textbook of Clinical Neuroanatomy
1539:
1346:
1305:List of medical mnemonics#Anatomy
441:(abducens nerve) and anterior to
2714:
1320:
1279:
1267:
1255:
1243:
1227:
1215:
1203:
1191:
1061:, to skin of the posterior ear.
1002:from the skin in and around the
698:The communicating branch to the
452:fibers to several head and neck
227:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
57:
45:
1647:
1622:
1470:Radiology Research and Practice
1014:The facial nerve also supplies
896:general somatic afferent fibers
766:) – from superior to inferior:
762:Five major facial branches (at
2797:Parasympathetic nervous system
1597:
1548:
1533:
1508:
1457:
1433:
1398:
1374:
1286:Facial nerve. Deep dissection.
1137:
861:
13:
1:
2617:Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
1315:
1128:inferior alveolar nerve block
750:Branch to posterior belly of
1544:(2nd ed.). p. 104.
1111:acute facial nerve paralysis
1105:acute facial nerve paralysis
917:muscles of facial expression
710:to reach the otic ganglion.
629:muscles of facial expression
469:
415:muscles of facial expression
109:posterior belly of digastric
105:Muscles of facial expression
7:
2782:Nerves of the head and neck
2396:Inferior salivatory nucleus
1517:Clinical Anatomy by Regions
1357:"The Facial Nerve (CN VII)"
1334:of the 20th edition of
1291:
1040:superior salivatory nucleus
905:
856:superior salivatory nucleus
645:superior salivatory nucleus
445:(vestibulocochlear nerve).
433:and exits the skull at the
10:
2813:
1840:lateral geniculate nucleus
1801:anterior olfactory nucleus
1295:
1274:Head facial nerve branches
1132:Facial nerve decompression
1098:
829:
821:Lateral semicircular canal
785:Marginal mandibular branch
613:posterior auricular branch
465:nervus intermediofacialis.
126:to anterior two-thirds of
29:
2673:
2634:
2604:
2566:
2528:
2520:Superior cervical cardiac
2476:
2452:
2423:
2413:
2383:
2322:
2293:
2283:
2225:
2213:Superior salivary nucleus
2195:
2125:
2076:
2055:
2045:
2016:
1966:spinal trigeminal nucleus
1947:
1918:
1865:
1826:
1787:
1753:
1573:10.1007/s12070-013-0669-z
1419:10.1016/j.otc.2015.10.002
1080:special visceral afferent
1073:special visceral efferent
1066:general visceral efferent
900:special visceral afferent
745:Posterior auricular nerve
225:
213:
201:
189:
177:
165:
153:
148:
97:
87:
73:
68:
56:
44:
39:
2762:Autonomic nervous system
2653:spinal accessory nucleus
2093:pterygopalatine ganglion
1884:Edinger–Westphal nucleus
1382:"Facial nerve | anatomy"
1094:
1059:general somatic afferent
1036:pterygopalatine ganglion
1009:
981:internal acoustic meatus
559:pterygopalatine ganglion
532:internal auditory meatus
2757:Innervation of the face
2035:no significant branches
1937:no significant branches
1777:no significant branches
1608:(Sixth ed.). LWW.
1386:Encyclopedia Britannica
1109:People may suffer from
1078:The axons of type SVA,
939:are developed from the
607:Upon emerging from the
524:posterior cranial fossa
2355:Stylopharyngeal branch
2115:submandibular ganglion
2100:Nerve to the stapedius
1298:anatomical terminology
941:second pharyngeal arch
693:greater palatine nerve
641:greater petrosal nerve
594:submandibular ganglion
551:greater petrosal nerve
405:that emerges from the
1090:Clinical significance
1053:Functional components
815:posterior facial vein
732:Extracranial branches
708:lesser petrosal nerve
689:lesser palatine nerve
635:Intracranial branches
528:petrous temporal bone
391:seventh cranial nerve
18:Facial nerve injuries
2203:Facial motor nucleus
1899:parasympathetic root
971:-3). These sensory (
880:cranial neural crest
852:facial motor nucleus
738:stylomastoid foramen
609:stylomastoid foramen
602:submandibular glands
557:and synapses at the
526:before entering the
509:facial nerve nucleus
435:stylomastoid foramen
389:, also known as the
78:Facial nerve nucleus
2777:Otorhinolaryngology
2772:Human mouth anatomy
2515:Recurrent laryngeal
2360:Pharyngeal branches
2138:Posterior auricular
1986:trigeminal ganglion
1483:10.1155/2013/248039
1071:Axons of type SVE,
1020:submandibular gland
977:geniculate ganglion
888:mandibular division
848:geniculate ganglion
704:geniculate ganglion
547:geniculate ganglion
491:geniculate ganglion
461:intermediate nerves
135:submandibular gland
2498:Superior laryngeal
2365:Tonsillar branches
2063:Intermediate nerve
1879:oculomotor nucleus
1445:medicine.uiowa.edu
1296:This article uses
1169:Lower motor neuron
1151:upper motor neuron
1000:nervus intermedius
715:nerve to stapedius
581:pyramidal eminence
517:intermediate nerve
495:pyramidal eminence
443:cranial nerve VIII
82:intermediate nerve
2702:
2701:
2630:
2629:
2596:Posterior gastric
2491:pharyngeal plexus
2486:Pharyngeal branch
2409:
2408:
2273:Scarpa's ganglion
2261:lateral lemniscus
2256:striae medullares
2239:vestibular nuclei
2227:Vestibulocochlear
2221:
2220:
1668:10.1136/bmj.h3725
1604:Dudek RW (2014).
1515:Snell RS (2011).
1185:Additional images
1163:orbicularis oculi
1024:sublingual glands
925:stylohyoid muscle
911:Facial expression
758:stylohyoid muscle
395:cranial nerve VII
383:
382:
305:Vestibulocochlear
241:
240:
236:
16:(Redirected from
2804:
2767:Gustatory system
2719:
2718:
2710:
2648:nucleus ambiguus
2622:Solitary nucleus
2612:Nucleus ambiguus
2591:Anterior gastric
2538:Inferior cardiac
2468:Auricular branch
2463:Meningeal branch
2421:
2420:
2401:Solitary nucleus
2391:Nucleus ambiguus
2370:Lingual branches
2291:
2290:
2285:Glossopharyngeal
2208:Solitary nucleus
2088:Greater petrosal
2053:
2052:
1903:ciliary ganglion
1739:
1732:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1704:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1626:
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1247:
1231:
1219:
1207:
1195:
985:solitary nucleus
965:solitary nucleus
947:Facial sensation
937:skeletal muscles
929:stapedius muscle
921:digastric muscle
892:trigeminal nerve
813:By locating the
799:
775:Zygomatic branch
752:digastric muscle
719:stapedius muscle
661:pharyngeal gland
586:stapedius muscle
572:, medial to the
472:
439:cranial nerve VI
375:
368:
361:
311:Glossopharyngeal
243:
242:
233:edit on Wikidata
230:
139:sublingual gland
132:Parasympathetic:
121:Special sensory:
61:
49:
37:
36:
32:trigeminal nerve
21:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2727:
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2725:
2713:
2705:
2703:
2698:
2669:
2626:
2600:
2562:
2524:
2472:
2448:
2405:
2379:
2343:lesser petrosal
2338:tympanic plexus
2318:
2279:
2244:cochlear nuclei
2217:
2191:
2129:
2121:
2078:
2072:
2041:
2012:
1943:
1914:
1861:
1822:
1816:olfactory tract
1783:
1749:
1743:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1695:
1691:
1652:
1648:
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1627:
1623:
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1602:
1598:
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1527:
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1509:
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1403:
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1354:
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1301:
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1260:
1251:
1248:
1239:
1232:
1223:
1220:
1211:
1208:
1199:
1196:
1187:
1153:lesion, called
1140:
1117:is one type of
1107:
1097:
1092:
1055:
1016:parasympathetic
1012:
996:palatine tonsil
949:
913:
908:
868:pharyngeal arch
864:
832:
797:
790:Cervical branch
770:Temporal branch
734:
673:maxillary sinus
653:palatine glands
637:
570:tympanic cavity
555:pterygoid canal
474:
459:The facial and
450:parasympathetic
413:, controls the
379:
350:
237:
160:nervus facialis
143:lacrimal glands
130:
119:
64:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2810:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2792:Nervous system
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2747:Cranial nerves
2744:
2739:
2724:
2723:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2641:
2639:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2430:
2428:
2418:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2329:
2327:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2300:
2298:
2288:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2251:Cochlear nerve
2248:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2232:
2230:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2160:Parotid plexus
2157:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2140:
2134:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2105:Chorda tympani
2102:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2084:
2082:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2029:
2023:
2021:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1954:
1952:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1896:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1872:
1870:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1833:
1831:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1811:olfactory bulb
1805:
1804:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1751:
1750:
1747:cranial nerves
1742:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1719:
1712:
1711:External links
1709:
1706:
1705:
1689:
1646:
1639:
1621:
1614:
1606:BRS Embryology
1596:
1547:
1532:
1525:
1507:
1456:
1432:
1397:
1373:
1361:TeachMeAnatomy
1344:
1343:
1337:Gray's Anatomy
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1242:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1179:Corneal reflex
1139:
1136:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1084:chorda tympani
1054:
1051:
1047:corneal reflex
1032:lacrimal gland
1028:chorda tympani
1018:fibers to the
1011:
1008:
961:chorda tympani
948:
945:
912:
909:
907:
904:
863:
860:
831:
828:
827:
826:
823:
818:
811:
808:
803:At the tip of
795:
794:
793:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
764:parotid plexus
760:
756:Branch of the
754:
748:
733:
730:
726:chorda tympani
721:in middle ear
706:and joins the
702:arises at the
665:sphenoid sinus
657:lacrimal gland
643:arises at the
636:
633:
621:parotid plexus
590:chorda tympani
563:lacrimal gland
505:
504:
501:
498:
487:
484:
481:
473:
468:
381:
380:
378:
377:
370:
363:
355:
352:
351:
349:
348:
343:
337:
334:
333:
332:
331:
325:
319:
313:
307:
301:
295:
289:
283:
277:
271:
265:
259:
250:
249:
247:Cranial nerves
239:
238:
229:
223:
222:
217:
211:
210:
205:
199:
198:
193:
187:
186:
181:
175:
174:
169:
163:
162:
157:
151:
150:
146:
145:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
75:
71:
70:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2809:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2547:Vagal trunks
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2455:jugular fossa
2451:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2426:jugular fossa
2422:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2375:Carotid sinus
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2348:otic ganglion
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2325:jugular fossa
2321:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2296:jugular fossa
2292:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2124:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:lingual nerve
2108:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1767:septal nuclei
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1735:
1733:
1728:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1703:
1702:91-44-37271-X
1699:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1650:
1642:
1640:9781437720020
1636:
1632:
1625:
1617:
1615:9781451190380
1611:
1607:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1543:
1536:
1528:
1526:9781451110326
1522:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1460:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1413:(2): 273–84.
1412:
1408:
1401:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1362:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1328:public domain
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1282:
1277:
1270:
1265:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1236:temporal bone
1230:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1206:
1201:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1155:central seven
1152:
1147:
1145:
1144:lagophthalmos
1135:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1006:(outer ear).
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
988:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
883:
881:
877:
873:
869:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
825:Foot of incus
824:
822:
819:
816:
812:
809:
806:
802:
801:
800:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
780:Buccal branch
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
767:
765:
761:
759:
755:
753:
749:
746:
743:
742:
741:
739:
729:
727:
722:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
701:
700:otic ganglion
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
677:ethmoid sinus
674:
670:
669:frontal sinus
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
632:
630:
626:
625:pes anserinus
622:
618:
617:parotid gland
614:
610:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
577:
575:
571:
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
502:
499:
496:
492:
488:
485:
482:
479:
478:
477:
467:
466:
462:
457:
455:
451:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:temporal bone
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:cranial nerve
400:
396:
392:
388:
376:
371:
369:
364:
362:
357:
356:
354:
353:
347:
344:
342:
339:
338:
336:
335:
330:
326:
324:
320:
318:
314:
312:
308:
306:
302:
300:
296:
294:
290:
288:
284:
282:
278:
276:
272:
270:
266:
264:
260:
258:
254:
253:
252:
251:
248:
245:
244:
234:
228:
224:
221:
218:
216:
212:
209:
206:
204:
200:
197:
194:
192:
188:
185:
182:
180:
176:
173:
170:
168:
164:
161:
158:
156:
152:
147:
144:
140:
136:
133:
129:
125:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
67:
60:
55:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
2752:Motor system
2742:Facial nerve
2128:stylomastoid
2080:facial canal
2046:
2034:
1936:
1850:optic chiasm
1776:
1692:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1630:
1624:
1605:
1599:
1564:
1560:
1550:
1541:
1535:
1516:
1510:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1448:. Retrieved
1444:
1435:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1389:. Retrieved
1385:
1376:
1365:. Retrieved
1363:. 2013-09-04
1360:
1339:
1325:
1319:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1148:
1141:
1124:Lyme disease
1115:Bell's palsy
1108:
1101:Bell's palsy
1077:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1044:
1013:
989:
950:
914:
890:(V3) of the
884:
865:
833:
796:
735:
723:
712:
697:
681:nasal cavity
649:nasal glands
638:
606:
578:
567:
542:
540:
536:facial canal
521:
506:
475:
464:
458:
447:
427:facial canal
398:
397:, or simply
394:
390:
387:facial nerve
386:
384:
298:
196:A14.2.01.099
159:
131:
120:
101:
40:Facial nerve
2675:Hypoglossal
2056:Near origin
1855:optic tract
1567:(1): 63–8.
1138:Examination
876:basal plate
862:Development
836:cell bodies
329:Hypoglossal
149:Identifiers
2731:Categories
2268:Vestibular
2180:mandibular
2153:stylohyoid
2143:Suprahyoid
2068:Geniculate
2006:mandibular
1996:ophthalmic
1949:Trigeminal
1867:Oculomotor
1476:: 248039.
1450:2023-11-05
1391:2020-10-13
1367:2018-05-04
1316:References
1119:idiopathic
1099:See also:
994:below the
992:oropharynx
933:middle ear
927:, and the
872:hyoid bone
736:Distal to
659:, and the
598:sublingual
303:CN VIII –
287:Trigeminal
275:Oculomotor
179:NeuroNames
113:stylohyoid
98:Innervates
2787:Neurology
2688:Branches
2636:Accessory
2556:posterior
2543:Pulmonary
2229:(CN VIII)
2170:zygomatic
2148:digastric
2031:Branches
2001:maxillary
1992:Branches
1933:Branches
1920:Trochlear
1890:Branches
1789:Olfactory
1684:206906594
1662:: h3725.
1540:Singh V.
1159:frontalis
471:Structure
411:brainstem
327:CN XII –
323:Accessory
297:CN VII –
281:Trochlear
273:CN III –
263:Olfactory
117:stapedius
2677:(CN XII)
2551:anterior
2508:internal
2503:external
2442:inferior
2437:superior
2433:Ganglia
2333:Tympanic
2312:inferior
2307:superior
2303:Ganglia
2185:cervical
2165:temporal
2049:(CN VII)
2018:Abducens
1908:inferior
1894:superior
1869:(CN III)
1755:Terminal
1676:26378061
1591:24605304
1502:23766904
1427:27040583
1332:page 901
1292:See also
1034:via the
959:via the
935:. These
906:Function
902:fibers.
687:via the
530:via the
341:Overview
321:CN XI –
309:CN IX –
293:Abducens
291:CN VI –
279:CN IV –
267:CN II –
257:Terminal
2721:Anatomy
2692:lingual
2684:Nucleus
2660:Cranial
2644:Nuclei
2638:(CN XI)
2586:Hepatic
2568:Abdomen
2424:Before
2294:Before
2287:(CN IX)
2235:Nuclei
2130:foramen
2027:Nucleus
2020:(CN VI)
1982:Course
1957:Nuclei
1929:Nucleus
1922:(CN IV)
1875:Nuclei
1846:Course
1836:Nuclei
1830:(CN II)
1807:Course
1797:Nuclei
1773:Course
1763:Nuclei
1582:3938689
1493:3676972
1004:auricle
931:of the
844:ganglia
830:Nucleus
511:in the
454:ganglia
429:in the
409:of the
401:, is a
315:CN X –
285:CN V –
261:CN I –
255:CN 0 –
172:D005154
69:Details
2707:Portal
2665:Spinal
2605:Nuclei
2576:Celiac
2530:Thorax
2453:After
2417:(CN X)
2384:Nuclei
2323:After
2196:Nuclei
2175:buccal
2077:Inside
2047:Facial
1951:(CN V)
1791:(CN I)
1757:(CN 0)
1700:
1682:
1674:
1637:
1612:
1589:
1579:
1523:
1500:
1490:
1425:
1340:(1918)
1149:In an
957:tongue
923:, the
840:nuclei
805:tragus
685:palate
679:, and
655:, the
651:, the
423:tongue
399:CN VII
299:Facial
128:tongue
102:Motor:
2581:Renal
2415:Vagus
1828:Optic
1680:S2CID
1330:from
1095:Palsy
1010:Other
973:CN V3
953:taste
574:incus
419:taste
346:Table
317:Vagus
269:Optic
231:[
220:50868
155:Latin
124:taste
2478:Neck
1745:The
1698:ISBN
1672:PMID
1635:ISBN
1610:ISBN
1587:PMID
1521:ISBN
1498:PMID
1474:2013
1423:PMID
1161:and
1103:and
1026:via
1022:and
969:CN V
834:The
724:The
713:The
691:and
639:The
600:and
588:and
579:The
543:genu
513:pons
407:pons
385:The
208:6284
191:TA98
167:MeSH
74:From
2126:At
1976:TMN
1961:PSN
1901:of
1664:doi
1660:351
1656:BMJ
1577:PMC
1569:doi
1488:PMC
1478:doi
1415:doi
1165:).
842:or
493:to
215:FMA
203:TA2
184:551
2733::
1971:MN
1678:.
1670:.
1658:.
1585:.
1575:.
1565:66
1563:.
1559:.
1496:.
1486:.
1472:.
1468:.
1443:.
1421:.
1411:49
1409:.
1384:.
1359:.
1348:^
1238:.
1086:.
1049:.
1042:.
987:.
943:.
882:.
858:.
695:.
675:,
671:,
667:,
631:.
604:.
576:.
565:.
519:.
456:.
393:,
141:,
137:,
115:,
111:,
107:,
88:To
80:,
2709::
1738:e
1731:t
1724:v
1686:.
1666::
1643:.
1618:.
1593:.
1571::
1529:.
1504:.
1480::
1453:.
1429:.
1417::
1394:.
1370:.
1300:.
497:)
374:e
367:t
360:v
235:]
34:.
20:)
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