170:
22:
210:(a main architect of the Holocaust) and head of sub-department (Referat IV B4) of the RSHA issued details on the "technische Durchführung der Evakuierung von Juden nach dem Osten" (Technical Procedures for the Evacuation of Jews to the East). Within that plan the following groups of Jews would be excluded from deportation:
312:, in which the "Aryan" wives of Jewish prisoners protested in front of the Rosenstrasse assembly camp for the release of their Jewish husbands. During the 27 February roundup, about 2,000 of the ammunition factory workers were Jewish and in an intermarried relationship, which prompted the protest. The
194:. The Nazi government informed factory owners that their remaining Jewish workers, even those married to Germans, were going to be deported to labor camps and that the government would work swiftly to replace them with forced laborers from the east; the owners were to prepare for this transition. The
363:
Of those "full Jews" in Berlin who were not protected by a mixed marriage, a small number were spared from arrest until after March 1943. On or shortly after June 10, 1943, for instance, five of the remaining six fully Jewish members of the Reich
Association of Jews in Germany—with the sole excluded
398:
Roughly 4,700 of those wanted for arrest were able to escape and go into hiding. This aligns with survivors' statements that they had been warned by their colleagues, foremen, and others—in one case even a police officer—shortly before the action took place. On the other hand, more than half of the
258:, most of the Jews were arrested at their homes or workplaces in a surprise roundup on the morning of February 27, and were transported to the synagogue. In Dresden, the Hellersberg labor camp was used as an assembly camp. In most parts of the Reich, these actions were finished after two days.
261:
In Berlin, the roundup of ten thousand Jews began 27 February 1943 in preparation of the Fuhrer's 54th birthday on April 20. Those arrested were working in various ammunition factories. The arrested persons were transported to six locations in Berlin for concentration:
245:
Though these persons would not be deported they would not be allowed to work in the arms industry. They were to be placed into different positions where they could be called in without the factories to intervene in the deportation.
316:
motivated
Germans with strong relationship ties to Jews to become rescuers. German wives felt compelled to protect their Jewish husbands, and were willing to risk more in order to save them as was demonstrated at Rosenstrasse.
202:. Because the war consumed most of the transportation capacity the deportations were not performed immediately, but the factories were informed that their Jewish labour workers would be "evacuated" at the end of March 1943.
205:
At the beginning of 1943, the plan included 15,100 Jewish workers in Berlin and 5,300 outside of the capital with most of them living in major cities or labour camps. On 20 February 1943, SS-Obersturmbannführer
320:
The majority of the Jews imprisoned in the other assembly camps were deported to
Auschwitz in five transports between March 1 and March 6, 1943. On March 9, almost all of the "fully Jewish" (
293:
the house of the Jewish
Community on Rosenstraße in Mitte (where Jewish men married to German women were brought, due to their special circumstances of being in a "mixed marriage").
341:
It is very likely that two-thirds of the deportees were murdered immediately after their arrival in
Auschwitz. For two of these transports, the numbers are recorded in a document:
301:. A group of Jewish forced laborers working in the RSHA library were taken to Auschwitz following this event, with the two surviving men having been saved by their German wives.
142:, which began on 27 February 1943, and ended about a week later. Most of the remaining Jews were working at Berlin plants or for the Jewish welfare organization. The term
254:
In the majority of other German cities, Jews were notified on
February 26 that they were to register the next day with the Gestapo for a check of their labour papers. In
380:
355:). Transport from Berlin, arrival March 7, 1943, total strength 690 . 30 men and 417 women and children received special treatment. Signed Schwarz,
365:
854:
827:
653:
524:
325:
86:
58:
403:) to help locate them. It is estimated that only 1,500 Jews were able to remain in hiding until the defeat of Germany.
385:
328:
were arrested with their relatives. They were deported to
Auschwitz on March 12. Another transport with "legal Jews" (
874:
800:
762:
599:
574:
549:
481:
467:
460:
446:
421:
158:(Large Factory Action). While the plan was not restricted to Berlin, it later became most notable for catalyzing the
105:
65:
879:
43:
215:
72:
39:
199:
346:
54:
195:
163:
729:"THE HOLOCAUST AND HUMAN DECENCY: A REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON THE RESCUE OF JEWS IN NAZI OCCUPIED EUROPE"
349:) and 96 women were assigned to work. 151 men and 492 women and children received special treatment (
290:
the Jewish Senior Center ("das jüdische
Altersheim") on the Großen Hamburger Straße in Mitte district
493:
435:
Missglückte Hilfe und ihre Folgen: Die
Ahndung der "Judenbegünstigung" durch NS-Verfolgungsbehörden.
437:
In: B.Kosmala / C.Schoppmann (Hrsg.): Solidarität und Hilfe für Juden während der NS-Zeit. Band 5:
428:
Die "Fabrikaktion" in Berlin. Hilfe für untergetauchte Juden als Form des humanitären
Widerstandes.
274:
130:
297:
Forced laborers, even those working under the SS, were taken from their places of work during the
32:
851:
309:
159:
79:
8:
173:
The Rosenstraße today: the building in which the detainees were held no longer exists. A
414:
Widerstand in der Rosenstraße. Die Fabrik-Aktion und die Verfolgung der "Mischehen" 1943
709:
624:
671:"The Library of the Reich Security Main Office and Its Looted Jewish Book Collections"
823:
796:
758:
649:
595:
570:
545:
520:
477:
463:
456:
442:
417:
453:
Resistance of the Heart: Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse Protest in Nazi Germany.
592:
Resistance of the Heart- Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse protest in Nazi Germany
567:
Resistance of the Heart- Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse protest in Nazi Germany
542:
Resistance of the Heart- Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse protest in Nazi Germany
370:
351:
267:
266:
the main hall of the Clou Concert Hall (a former covered market) on Mauerstraße in
345:"Transport from Berlin, arrival March 5, 1943, total strength 1128 Jews. 389 men (
858:
178:
474:
Protest in Hitler's "National Community": Popular Unrest and the Nazi Response.
335:
207:
868:
191:
817:
643:
514:
162:, the only mass public demonstration of German citizens which contested the
376:
330:
221:
174:
147:
819:
Submerged on the Surface: The Not-So-Hidden Jews of Nazi Berlin, 1941–1945
645:
Submerged on the Surface: The Not-So-Hidden Jews of Nazi Berlin, 1941–1945
516:
Submerged on the Surface: The Not-So-Hidden Jews of Nazi Berlin, 1941–1945
846:
779:
Selbstbehauptung im Chaos: Frauen in der jüdischen Selbsthilfe 1933–1943.
713:
628:
728:
670:
229:
169:
190:
In September 1942 there were about 75,800 German Jews working in the
399:
fugitives were captured; the Gestapo enlisted Jewish collaborators (
375:, who had an "Aryan" spouse—were deported to Theresienstadt, as was
198:(RSHA) took action planning multiple deportation trains to Riga and
21:
379:
on June 17. About eight hundred Jews also survived the war at the
255:
151:
793:
Refuge in Hell: How Berlin's Jewish Hospital Outlasted the Nazis
700:
Laub, Dori (2013). "In Search of the Rescuer in the Holocaust".
615:
Laub, Dori (2013). "In Search of the Rescuer in the Holocaust".
430:
In: Zeitschrift für Zeitgeschichte 53 (2004), H.2, Seite 138-148
281:
139:
134:, 'Factory Action') is the term for the last major roundup of
235:
Jews over the age of 65 unless married to Jews below that age
135:
735:. 13:1 and 2 (Fall/Winter & Spring/Summer 1985/6): 245
280:
the horse stalls of a barracks on Rathenower Straße in
238:
Jewish veterans of the First World War carrying medals
228:to be Jewish under the Nuremberg laws) living with
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
866:
308:is perhaps especially noted for engendering the
702:Historical Reflections / Réflexions Historiques
617:Historical Reflections / Réflexions Historiques
390:, of which Lustig was the medical director.
241:and a list of special persons listed by name
119:
273:a garage in the Hermann Göring Barracks in
668:
594:. Rutgers University Press. p. 206.
589:
569:. Rutgers University Press. p. 207.
564:
544:. Rutgers University Press. p. 206.
539:
455:New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1996,
287:the synagogue on Levetzowstraße in Moabit
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:
815:
641:
512:
499:
867:
790:
852:11. Verordnung zum Reichsbürgergesetz
847:Documentary (Topographie des Terrors)
726:
129:
733:Humboldt Journal of Social Relations
699:
614:
326:Reich Association of Jews in Germany
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
13:
14:
891:
840:
476:New York: Berghahn Books, 2016,
20:
809:
795:. Houghton Mifflin. p. 2.
784:
771:
747:
31:needs additional citations for
822:. Berghahn Books. p. 60.
720:
693:
662:
648:. Berghahn Books. p. 60.
635:
608:
583:
558:
533:
519:. Berghahn Books. p. 60.
506:
416:. fibu 16883, Frankfurt 2005,
334:) left Berlin on March 17 for
146:was coined by survivors after
1:
406:
816:Lutjens, Richard N. (2019).
642:Lutjens, Richard N. (2019).
513:Lutjens, Richard N. (2019).
393:
185:
7:
755:Topographie des Terrors: 15
487:
10:
896:
590:Stoltzfus, Nathan (1996).
565:Stoltzfus, Nathan (1996).
540:Stoltzfus, Nathan (1996).
196:Reich Security Main Office
131:[fabʁi:kakt͡sjoːn]
777:Maierhof, Gudrun (2002).
249:
166:deportation of the Jews.
875:The Holocaust in Germany
727:Baron, Lawrence (1986).
669:Schidorsky, Dov (2007).
439:Überleben im Untergrund.
154:had designated the plan
791:Silver, Daniel (2004).
781:Campus Verlag. p. 294f.
181:commemorates the event.
880:Berlin in World War II
494:Mühlviertler Hasenjagd
381:Berlin Jewish Hospital
361:
182:
120:
757:. 2004. p. 121.
343:
172:
138:for deportation from
127:German pronunciation:
500:Notes and References
426:Claudia Schoppmann:
310:Rosenstrasse protest
160:Rosenstrasse protest
40:improve this article
324:) employees of the
214:Jewish partners in
156:Große Fabrik-Aktion
857:2018-05-09 at the
472:Nathan Stoltzfus:
451:Nathan Stoltzfus:
183:
829:978-1-78533-455-9
655:978-1-78533-455-9
526:978-1-78533-455-9
164:Nazi government's
116:
115:
108:
90:
887:
834:
833:
813:
807:
806:
788:
782:
775:
769:
768:
751:
745:
744:
742:
740:
724:
718:
717:
697:
691:
690:
688:
686:
666:
660:
659:
639:
633:
632:
612:
606:
605:
587:
581:
580:
562:
556:
555:
537:
531:
530:
510:
389:
374:
352:Sonderbehandlung
133:
128:
123:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
895:
894:
890:
889:
888:
886:
885:
884:
865:
864:
859:Wayback Machine
843:
838:
837:
830:
814:
810:
803:
789:
785:
776:
772:
765:
753:
752:
748:
738:
736:
725:
721:
698:
694:
684:
682:
667:
663:
656:
640:
636:
613:
609:
602:
588:
584:
577:
563:
559:
552:
538:
534:
527:
511:
507:
502:
490:
433:Beate Kosmala:
409:
396:
383:
368:
357:Obersturmfuhrer
252:
216:mixed marriages
188:
126:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
893:
883:
882:
877:
863:
862:
849:
842:
841:External links
839:
836:
835:
828:
808:
801:
783:
770:
763:
746:
719:
692:
661:
654:
634:
607:
600:
582:
575:
557:
550:
532:
525:
504:
503:
501:
498:
497:
496:
489:
486:
485:
484:
470:
449:
431:
424:
408:
405:
395:
392:
336:Theresienstadt
295:
294:
291:
288:
285:
278:
271:
251:
248:
243:
242:
239:
236:
233:
218:
208:Adolf Eichmann
187:
184:
114:
113:
55:"Fabrikaktion"
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
892:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
870:
860:
856:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
831:
825:
821:
820:
812:
804:
802:9780618485406
798:
794:
787:
780:
774:
766:
764:3-922912-21-4
760:
756:
750:
734:
730:
723:
715:
711:
707:
703:
696:
680:
676:
672:
665:
657:
651:
647:
646:
638:
630:
626:
622:
618:
611:
603:
601:0-8135-2909-3
597:
593:
586:
578:
576:0-8135-2909-3
572:
568:
561:
553:
551:0-8135-2909-3
547:
543:
536:
528:
522:
518:
517:
509:
505:
495:
492:
491:
483:
482:9781782388258
479:
475:
471:
469:
468:0-8135-2909-3
465:
462:
461:0-393039-04-8
458:
454:
450:
448:
447:3-932482-86-7
444:
441:Berlin 2002,
440:
436:
432:
429:
425:
423:
422:3-596-16883-X
419:
415:
412:Wolf Gruner:
411:
410:
404:
402:
391:
387:
382:
378:
372:
367:
366:Walter Lustig
364:member being
360:
358:
354:
353:
348:
342:
339:
337:
333:
332:
331:Geltungsjuden
327:
323:
318:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
292:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
275:Reinickendorf
272:
269:
265:
264:
263:
259:
257:
247:
240:
237:
234:
231:
227:
223:
222:Geltungsjuden
219:
217:
213:
212:
211:
209:
203:
201:
197:
193:
192:arms industry
180:
179:Litfaß column
176:
171:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
132:
124:
122:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
818:
811:
792:
786:
778:
773:
754:
749:
737:. Retrieved
732:
722:
705:
701:
695:
683:. Retrieved
678:
674:
664:
644:
637:
623:(2): 41–44.
620:
616:
610:
591:
585:
566:
560:
541:
535:
515:
508:
473:
452:
438:
434:
427:
413:
400:
397:
377:Martha Mosse
362:
356:
350:
344:
340:
329:
322:volljüdische
321:
319:
314:Fabrikaktion
313:
306:Fabrikaktion
305:
303:
299:Fabrikaktion
298:
296:
260:
253:
244:
225:
204:
189:
155:
148:World War II
144:Fabrikaktion
143:
121:Fabrikaktion
118:
117:
102:
96:January 2021
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
384: [
369: [
869:Categories
861:(law base)
407:Literature
226:considered
66:newspapers
708:(2): 44.
394:Fugitives
232:relatives
200:Auschwitz
186:Situation
855:Archived
714:42703761
675:UT Press
629:42703761
488:See also
284:district
277:district
270:district
224:(people
220:Married
177:colored
739:30 June
685:30 June
681:(1): 29
401:Greifer
256:Breslau
152:Gestapo
80:scholar
826:
799:
761:
712:
652:
627:
598:
573:
548:
523:
480:
466:
459:
445:
420:
282:Moabit
250:Action
150:; the
140:Berlin
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
710:JSTOR
625:JSTOR
388:]
373:]
268:Mitte
230:Aryan
87:JSTOR
73:books
824:ISBN
797:ISBN
759:ISBN
741:2020
687:2020
650:ISBN
596:ISBN
571:ISBN
546:ISBN
521:ISBN
478:ISBN
464:ISBN
457:ISBN
443:ISBN
418:ISBN
347:Buna
304:The
175:rose
136:Jews
59:news
42:by
871::
731:.
706:39
704:.
679:42
677:.
673:.
621:39
619:.
386:de
371:de
359:."
338:.
832:.
805:.
767:.
743:.
716:.
689:.
658:.
631:.
604:.
579:.
554:.
529:.
125:(
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
