462:, who noticed her and painted 22 pieces with her as the model. She insisted she be allowed to keep the paintings, but later when Picasso read about an acclaimed exhibit of 22 new pieces of his, he flew there in a rage, only to discover the pieces were all forgeries. Kodar took Picasso to her grandfather, the forger. In a verbal re-enactment by Welles (grandfather) and Kodar (Picasso), the forger defended his work with pride, saying he invented a new Picasso period. The grandfather suggests that the forgeries go un-reported, to allow him an artistic legacy that Picasso already has. Picasso angrily demanded the paintings back, which is impossible because the grandfather had burned them. Welles then confesses that he had promised everything in the "next hour" was true, and that hour had already passed. He admits the entire story of Kodar, her grandfather, and Picasso was made up. He apologizes, quotes Picasso's statement that art is a lie that makes us see the truth, and bids the audience good evening.
858:, Welles stated that "everything in that film was a trick." Secondly, many of the interviews in the film were with people who were themselves directly involved with forgery in one way or another, often making statements that would have been known by the filmmakers to be false, but which were allowed to pass without comment in the film. Similarly, Welles himself made numerous false statements about Oja Kodar in the film. Finally, Wilson points out several scenes which, while presented in a way that implies they were filmed in real time, were upon further inspection clearly fabricated from unrelated pieces of footage in a way guaranteed to mislead the casual viewer. An example of this appears with a series of near-wordless shots of Irving and de Hory seemingly in debate as to whether de Hory ever signed his forgeries; the shots of Irving and de Hory were in fact taken at different times.
31:
427:. Welles discusses the irony of Irving commenting on de Hory's forgery, while having committed a version of it himself (Welles states his belief that Irving must have been in the process of working on the hoax at the time he was filmed for the de Hory project). Irving and de Hory tell about the art dealers who were fooled by the forgeries, and Welles considers the question whether this means art dealers and appraisers are fake also.
674:, Kodar claims the idea for this segment as her own. She also claims credit for the movie's opening sequence, which consists of shots of a miniskirt-clad Kodar walking down streets while rubbernecking male admirers (unaware that they are being filmed) stop and openly stare. This sequence is described by Kodar as inspired by her feminism; in his narration, Welles claims the footage was originally shot for an unrelated production.
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experiment about girl-watching, where Kodar deliberately drew attention to herself and the men were unaware they were being filmed. Welles says her story will continue later in the film, and then narrates the story of Elmyr de Hory, an art forger who sold many fake paintings to museums and collectors all over the world. De Hory is shown throwing a dinner party at his home in
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and his cinematographer, Gary Graver, shifted gears, scrambling to keep up with the Hughes affair, adding new shots, re-thinking the narrative, re-editing, re-combining different themes, incorporating emerging material." Welles used these circumstances to produce a meditation on the nature of fakery, which he called "a new kind of movie … it’s a form, in other words, the
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of witnesses to the actual forging, as well as the scandal that might be aroused by revealing the depth of the art market's complicity in the deception. De Hory insists he never signed any forgery, and Welles wonders whether, given the fact that all art eventually falls away to ruin, a signature truly matters to any art work. He illustrates the point by shots of the
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forgery as authentic. Reichenbach is shown telling how de Hory provided him with several paintings of questionable authenticity, but the art dealers he gave them to were willfully blind to it. Welles notes that de Hory does not even own the house he lives in; it is provided for him by an art dealer. Welles recounts his own past use of fakery: how he got a job in
654:. Interweaving the narratives even more, there are several pieces of footage in the film showing Welles at a party with De Hory, and, at one point, De Hory even signs a painting with a forgery of Welles's signature. Some of Hughes's career is outlined in the form of a parody of the "News on the March" sequence in
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The story about Kodar, her grandfather, and
Picasso and some forger paintings that the grandfather supposedly made is presented at the end of the film before Welles reminds the viewer that he only promised to tell the truth for an hour, and that "for the last 17 minutes, I've been lying my head off."
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Welles presents more of Irving's story of having had secret contact with Hughes, and the odd stories of Hughes's behavior that may or may not have been true. He wonders if believing such stories makes a person credulous or not, and questions the true wisdom of so-called experts, who verified Irving's
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was as de Hory's biographer, but his part grew unexpectedly at some point during production. There has not always been agreement among commentators over just how that production unfolded, but the now-accepted story is that the director François
Reichenbach shot a documentary about de Hory and Irving
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Irving describes how de Hory was nearly destitute when younger and subsisted in
America by making and selling forgeries that were indistinguishable from the real works, while remaining one step ahead of the law through frequent relocations. He finally moved to Ibiza, but was not prosecuted for lack
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Orson Welles was hired to edit a documentary by François
Reichenbach about the art forger Elmyr de Hory. The film grew over time to encompass de Hory, as well as de Hory's biographer Clifford Irving, who was revealed to be a forger himself. Keith Woodward explains: "following Irving’s hoax, Welles
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was not released in the USA until 1976. When it finally came out, Welles produced a preview "trailer" for it, which was effectively a wholly original nine-minute film, shot and edited in a similar style to the film itself. Apart from some very brief split-second camera shots, the entire film is a
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to the effect that a magician is just an actor. Welles promises that for the next hour everything in the film will be based on solid fact. Kodar is then shown strolling around a street in a miniskirt while being ogled by the men on the street. Welles reveals the footage is taken from another
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Several storylines are presented in the film, including those of de Hory, Irving, Welles, Howard Hughes and Kodar. About de Hory, we learn that he was a struggling artist who turned to forgery out of desperation, only to see the greater share of the profits from his deceptions go to doubly
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unscrupulous art dealers. As partial compensation for that injustice, he is maintained in a villa in Ibiza by one of his dealers. What is only hinted at in Welles's documentary is that de Hory had recently served a two-month sentence in a
Spanish prison for
871:, which he alleges caused a nationwide panic with its fake news broadcast. In introducing this chapter of his life, Welles declares his uncertainty as to his own authenticity, as he believes he too has engaged in fraud. While the basic facts of
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incident are correctly given, the apparent excerpts from the play featured in the movie are fabrications, including a scene in which
President Roosevelt meets the Martian invaders—something which did not happen in the original broadcast.
30:
832:
playfully poses intriguing questions while proving that even Orson Welles' minor works contain their share of masterful moments." In July 2021, the film was shown in the Cannes
Classics section at the
899:, Region 1 DVD (Spine #288), 26 April 2005 – Two-disc special edition including audio commentary by Oja Kodar and Gary Graver, an introduction by Peter Bogdanovich, and the documentary
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781:. The trailer raises new questions about key people in the main film: Picasso, Kodar, Elmyr, and others. These allegations are supposedly revealed in the main film. They include a
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455:, pointing out that the names of the men who created the magnificent building and the sculptures which adorn it are unknown. They did not sign their work, but it has endured.
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that the film was itself largely an intentional effort at fakery by Welles in support of the film's themes. Most directly, Wilson reports that in the BBC documentary
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sponsors of Welles's War of the Worlds broadcast. The trailer has subsequently been restored in colour, and is included as an extra on some DVD versions of the film.
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In the time between the shooting of
Reichenbach's documentary and the finishing of Welles's, it became known that Irving had perpetrated a hoax of his own, namely a
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about a filmmaker who throws a
Valentine's Day party at an old movie theater that is about to be demolished and then quizzes his guests on camera about their lives.
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faced widespread popular rejection. Critical reaction ranged from praise to confusion and hostility, with many finding the work to be self-indulgent or incoherent.
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has grown somewhat in stature over the years. The film embraces ideas from the self-conscious notation of the film process to the ironic employment of 1950s-era
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660:. Welles also draws parallels between the De Hory and Irving hoaxes and his own brush with early notoriety by including a recreation of part of his 1938
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321:, as well as the basis of the value of art. Far from serving as a traditional documentary on de Hory, the film also incorporates Welles's companion
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Directors Suite, Region 4 DVD, 20 May 2009 – Special features include audio commentary by Adrian Martin, Monash
University, and the documentary
977:– a 1995 Iranian docufiction film that shows various everyday people being auditioned and explaining their reason for wanting to act in a film.
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828:, the film has an approval rating of 88% based on 50 reviews, with an average rating of 7.79/10. The website's critical consensus reads: "
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892:, Laserdisc (Spine #260), 27 July 1995 – Single disc edition, with the special feature of the Theatrical Trailer contained after the film
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two years after the initial release of Welles's film, on hearing that Spain had agreed to turn him over to the French authorities.)
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and being feted by European society, although he dances around the question of whether he is guilty or not. One of those filmed is
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2010 Eureka Video: Masters of Cinema, Region 2 DVD (Spine #31) – Special features include audio commentary by cinematographer
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In addition to the 88-minute film, in 1976, Welles also shot and edited a self-contained nine-minute short film as a "
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before giving his footage to Welles, who then shot additional footage with Reichenbach as his cinematographer.
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The film opens with Welles performing magic tricks for some children while Kodar watches nearby. Welles quotes
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radio drama, which had simulated a newscast about a Martian invasion and sparked panic among some listeners.
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2015:
1991:
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943:- a fictionalized retelling of the life of Orson Welles. Directed by Richard Linklater, starring Zac Efron
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made deliberate use of fake news to enhance the story. He also notes the coincidence that his first film
963:– a 1978 documentary film directed by and starring Orson Welles about the making of his 1951 production
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asked Welles if he was creating a documentary, he replied: “No, not a documentary—a new kind of film."
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1267:"2021 Cannes Classics Lineup Includes Orson Welles, Powell and Pressburger, Tilda Swinton & More"
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Ayres, Jackson (2012). "Orson Welles's 'Complicitous Critique': Postmodern Paradox in 'F for Fake'".
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This contradicts published accounts that the film was inspired by the life of
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Welles finally presents Kodar's story: she holidayed in the same village as
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by falsely claiming to be a famous New York actor, and how his broadcast of
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F for fake, and the growth in complexity of Orson Welles' documentary form
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F for Fake: And the Growth in Complexity of Orson Welles' Documentary Form
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Woodward, Keith (2016). "The Speculative Geography of Orson Welles".
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was originally going to be a fictionalized version of Howard Hughes.
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814:). Welles thought he was creating a new form of cinema. When writer
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self-contained short containing original material starring Welles,
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Is an Illusionist's Trick With Bogus Heroes and Expert Villains"
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1995 Home Vision Cinema, Janus Films VHS (FAK 010), 25 July 1995
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1191:"Orson Welles's: "Complicitous Critique: Postmodern Paradox in
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In the commentary to the Criterion Collection DVD release of
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Welles's autobiographical asides in the film reflect on his
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by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise.
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It's All True: Based on an Unfinished Film by Orson Welles
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Magician: The Astonishing Life and Work of Orson Welles
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Alexander Welles – Special Participant (as Sasa Devcic)
613:, the personal essay, as opposed to the documentary."
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and consorting with criminals. (de Hory would commit
705:elements from the original Reichenbach documentary
419:, who had published a biography of de Hory called
1323:"Video: 'F for Fake' Joins Orson Welles Rarities"
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309:'s recounting of his career as a professional
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1009:Orson Welles box office information in France
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305:. Initially released in 1974, it focuses on
2447:American avant-garde and experimental films
1463:F for Fake: Orson Welles’s Purloined Letter
1126:"Hanky-Panky Men: Orson Welles' F for Fake"
289:film co-written, directed by, and starring
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1177:Making Movies With Orson Welles: A Memoir
394:Learn how and when to remove this message
2517:1970s avant-garde and experimental films
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951:- a 1987 pseudo-documentary directed by
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469:
333:is sometimes considered an example of a
2462:Documentary films about the visual arts
2387:Orson Welles Paul Masson advertisements
1179:(Scarecrow Press, New York, 2008) p.170
856:Orson Welles: Stories of a Life in Film
851:Cosmic Trigger III: My Life After Death
545:Françoise Widhoff – Special Participant
521:Mark Forgy – Assistant to Elmyr de Hory
2429:
1456:: The Ultimate Mirror of Orson Welles"
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1020:
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755:– South terminal terrace and main hall
542:Christian Odasso – Special Participant
2267:The Mercury Summer Theatre of the Air
1480:
1458:Article by Robert Castle, August 2004
1220:Rosenbaum, Jonathan (25 April 2005).
1104:
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848:, a great fan of the film, argued in
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644:(the hoax was later fictionalized in
695:Rome, Italy – Girl-watching sequence
690:, seen in the Oja and Picasso story.
677:
539:Julio Palinkas – Special Participant
351:
1188:
731:– The ham sandwich of Howard Hughes
13:
2532:English-language documentary films
2000:Around the World with Orson Welles
1222:"Orson Welles's Purloined Letter:
219: (San Sebastián Film Festival)
14:
2543:
2502:Fiction with unreliable narrators
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638:fabricated "authorized biography"
293:who worked on the film alongside
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1292:Bromley, Patrick (6 June 2005).
749:, France – Oja and Picasso story
369:too long or excessively detailed
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1804:The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh
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1334:
1315:
1259:
1239:
1124:Childers, Doug (21 June 2005).
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2507:Films scored by Michel Legrand
2472:Films directed by Orson Welles
2310:The Begatting of the President
2189:The Mercury Theatre on the Air
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1166:
1139:
1117:
1098:
1055:
1042:
1021:Khaldi, Tarik (14 July 2021).
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991:(Peter Lang Pub., 1997) 174pp.
281:, "Truths and lies"; Spanish:
1:
2409:They'll Love Me When I'm Dead
995:
603:
598:
564:– Special Participant (voice)
558:– Special Participant (voice)
329:and Orson Welles as himself.
2522:1970s English-language films
2457:1970s Spanish-language films
2275:The Adventures of Harry Lime
1749:An Evening with Orson Welles
811:Earth vs. the Flying Saucers
365:This article's plot summary
341:
35:US theatrical release poster
7:
2452:1970s French-language films
2360:Rita Hayworth (second wife)
1345:at The Criterion Collection
932:
266:182,857 admissions (France)
150:Gary Graver (United States)
10:
2548:
2370:Beatrice Welles (daughter)
2024:In the Land of Don Quixote
1665:The Other Side of the Wind
912:Orson Welles: One-Man Band
901:Orson Welles: One-Man Band
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759:
628:Irving's original part in
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2259:Orson Welles Commentaries
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1992:Orson Welles' Sketch Book
1983:
1940:
1881:
1814:
1675:
1569:The Magnificent Ambersons
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1107:Literature/Film Quarterly
840:Questions of truthfulness
834:2021 Cannes Film Festival
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16:1974 film by Orson Welles
2243:The Orson Welles Almanac
1796:Orson Welles' Magic Show
1146:Thieme, Claudia (1997).
1084:10.1177/1474474015588709
897:The Criterion Collection
890:The Criterion Collection
2487:Films about art forgery
2467:Films about con artists
2365:Paola Mori (third wife)
2114:The Mercury Wonder Show
2008:Orson Welles and People
1717:The Miracle of St. Anne
1359:at Madman Entertainment
1298:: Criterion Collection"
1152:. P. Lang. p. 95.
1050:William Randolph Hearst
729:The Beverly Hills Hotel
465:
347:
2442:1973 documentary films
2211:The Campbell Playhouse
1770:The Merchant of Venice
1585:The Lady from Shanghai
1175:and Andrew J. Rausch,
691:
594:– Herself (uncredited)
588:– Himself (uncredited)
582:– Himself (uncredited)
576:– Himself (uncredited)
570:- Himself (uncredited)
475:
282:
278:
2512:Films shot in AlmerĂa
2482:Films shot in Germany
2416:Orson Welles (crater)
2219:The Orson Welles Show
2204:The War of the Worlds
2032:The Orson Welles Show
2016:The Fountain of Youth
1914:Three Cases of Murder
873:The War of the Worlds
868:The War of the Worlds
863:1938 radio adaptation
685:
536:– Special Participant
530:– Special Participant
518:– Special Participant
512:– Special Participant
506:– Special Participant
500:– Special Participant
473:
453:cathedral of Chartres
438:The War of the Worlds
285:, "Fraud") is a 1973
2527:1970s American films
2477:Films shot in France
2329:This is Orson Welles
2082:The Cradle Will Rock
1472:Criterion Collection
1380:at Masters of Cinema
1376:16 June 2012 at the
1064:Cultural Geographies
1028:Cannes Film Festival
921:and Bill Krohn, and
908:Madman Entertainment
534:Andrés Vicente Gómez
504:François Reichenbach
295:François Reichenbach
279:Vérités et mensonges
145:François Reichenbach
129:François Reichenbach
87:François Reichenbach
53:François Reichenbach
2146:Moby Dick—Rehearsed
2138:The Lady in the Ice
1863:Filming 'The Trial'
1733:The Dominici Affair
1544:Unrealized projects
1448:, 28 September 1975
1247:"F for Fake (1974)"
1076:2016CuGeo..23..337W
1011:at Box Office Story
940:Me and Orson Welles
880:Home media releases
846:Robert Anton Wilson
2492:Literary forgeries
1973:The Big Brass Ring
1641:The Immortal Story
1633:Chimes at Midnight
1468:Jonathan Rosenbaum
1444:by Vincent Canby,
1422:TCM Movie Database
1321:Liebenson, David,
923:Jonathan Rosenbaum
816:Jonathan Rosenbaum
793:Critical reception
753:Paris-Orly Airport
735:Chartres Cathedral
724:seafood restaurant
692:
574:Jean-Pierre Aumont
476:
325:, hoax biographer
165:Marie-Sophie Dubus
2424:
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2227:Ceiling Unlimited
1930:The Southern Star
1922:David and Goliath
1890:Journey into Fear
1692:The Hearts of Age
1328:Los Angeles Times
823:review aggregator
716:, art gallery on
710:Gare d'Austerlitz
678:Filming locations
663:War of the Worlds
592:Nina van Pallandt
556:Peter Bogdanovich
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169:Dominique Engerer
90:Dominique Antoine
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2497:Document forgery
2302:The Happy Prince
2283:The Black Museum
2122:Around the World
2098:Too Much Johnson
1965:Cradle Will Rock
1949:Monsieur Verdoux
1823:Too Much Johnson
1815:Unfinished films
1741:Portrait of Gina
1709:Around the World
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1957:Treasure Island
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1882:Partly directed
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1201:on 8 March 2016
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1508:Orson Welles
1466:an essay by
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1305:. Retrieved
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1229:. Retrieved
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1203:. Retrieved
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982:Bibliography
974:Hello Cinema
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953:Henry Jaglom
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319:authenticity
291:Orson Welles
273:
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249:West Germany
228:Running time
204:Release date
174:(uncredited)
172:Gary Graver
125:Edith Irving
107:Orson Welles
68:Orson Welles
48:Orson Welles
18:
2381:Frozen Peas
2294:Spoken-word
2278:(1951–1952)
2262:(1945–1946)
2238:(1942–1943)
2230:(1942–1943)
2222:(1941–1942)
2214:(1938–1940)
2184:(1937–1938)
2093:(1937–1938)
1941:Adaptations
1906:Black Magic
1874:(1980–1982)
1858:(1967–1970)
1847:The Heroine
1842:(1957–1969)
1839:Don Quixote
1799:(1976–1985)
1781:(1968–1971)
1756:Orson's Bag
1725:Magic Trick
1609:Mr. Arkadin
1534:Discography
1519:Filmography
1307:24 February
1302:DVD Verdict
1294:"Review of
1231:24 February
1173:Gary Graver
1131:24 February
1034:26 December
919:Gary Graver
775:Gary Graver
528:Gary Graver
303:Gary Graver
81:Produced by
41:Directed by
2437:1973 films
2431:Categories
2181:The Shadow
2154:Rhinoceros
2106:Native Son
1984:Television
1649:F for Fake
1454:F for Fake
1440:F for Fake
1428:F for Fake
1417:F for Fake
1406:F for Fake
1395:F for Fake
1370:F for Fake
1356:F for Fake
1342:F for Fake
1296:F For Fake
1224:F For Fake
1193:F for Fake
1070:(2): 347.
996:References
927:F For Fake
830:F for Fake
802:F for Fake
798:F for Fake
770:F for Fake
741:Orvilliers
703:16 mm
701:, Spain –
672:F for Fake
652:F for Fake
630:F for Fake
604:Background
599:Production
494:– The Girl
384:March 2024
335:film essay
331:F for Fake
315:authorship
311:art forger
274:F for Fake
263:Box office
232:88 minutes
62:Written by
24:F for Fake
2375:Oja Kodar
2286:(1951–52)
1788:Moby Dick
1625:The Trial
1092:148242632
808:footage (
779:Oja Kodar
718:left bank
492:Oja Kodar
482:– Himself
323:Oja Kodar
299:Oja Kodar
287:docudrama
277:(French:
237:Countries
158:Edited by
111:Oja Kodar
72:Oja Kodar
2206:" (1938)
2199:" (1938)
1855:The Deep
1411:AllMovie
1374:Archived
1205:27 April
1113:(1): 11.
933:See also
737:– France
647:The Hoax
255:Language
196:Planfilm
183:Music by
147:(France)
101:Starring
2348:Related
2197:Dracula
2130:Othello
2043:Theatre
1702:trailer
1601:Othello
1593:Macbeth
1470:at the
1420:at the
1277:25 June
1072:Bibcode
966:Othello
844:Author
806:B movie
765:Trailer
760:Release
623:suicide
460:Picasso
433:Ireland
374:Please
367:may be
342:trailer
258:English
213: (
2412:(2018)
2404:(2014)
2396:(1993)
2340:(1996)
2332:(1992)
2313:(1970)
2305:(1946)
2270:(1946)
2254:(1945)
2246:(1944)
2192:(1938)
2176:(1937)
2157:(1960)
2149:(1955)
2141:(1953)
2133:(1951)
2125:(1946)
2117:(1943)
2109:(1941)
2101:(1938)
2090:Caesar
2085:(1937)
2077:(1936)
2069:(1936)
2054:(1932)
2035:(1979)
2027:(1964)
2019:(1958)
2011:(1956)
2003:(1955)
1995:(1955)
1976:(1999)
1968:(1999)
1960:(1972)
1952:(1947)
1933:(1969)
1925:(1960)
1917:(1955)
1909:(1949)
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1866:(1981)
1850:(1967)
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1807:(1984)
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1762:Vienna
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1676:Shorts
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747:Houdan
550:Others
301:, and
283:Fraude
241:France
2321:Books
2165:Radio
1088:S2CID
906:2009
895:2005
888:1995
699:Ibiza
611:essay
413:Ibiza
1400:IMDb
1309:2010
1279:2021
1233:2010
1207:2014
1154:ISBN
1133:2010
1036:2022
777:and
686:The
466:Cast
421:Fake
348:Plot
317:and
245:Iran
215:1973
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1080:doi
925:on
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