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As populations decreased the remaining Eyak began to congregate near the village of Orca. In 1880 the population of the village of
Alaganik was recorded at 117 and by 1890 it had declined to 48. In 1900 total population was estimated at 60. As more settlers arrived the last village became the town of
290:
on the east side, had better relations with the Eyak leading to intermarriage and the assimilation of most Eyak. The Eyak's territorial boundary was pushed further contributing to the Eyak's decline. When the
Americans arrived they opened
179:
which was established through the Alaska Native Claims
Settlement Act in 1971. This is due to the enrollment qualifications that extend tribal citizenship only to those who reside in the town of Cordova for the majority of the year.
555:
Hund, Andrew. 2008. "’Old Man Dude’ and Eyak
Shamanism" Alaska Historical Society ~ University of Alaska's Statehood Conference, Alaska Visionaries: Seekers, Leaders, and Dreamers. Anchorage, AK. Unpublished
589:
278:
fishing grounds. When the
Russians arrived they recognized the Eyak as a distinct culture and described their territory on their maps. They also traded with the Eyak and sent them
325:. Pressure from neighboring ethnic groups and the spread of English resulted in a decline of the Eyak language. Marie Smith Jones (1918–2008) was the last native speaker.
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620:
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Michael E. Krauss 2006: A history of Eyak language documentation and study: Fredericæ de Laguna in
Memoriam. Arctic Anthropology 43 (2):pages 172–217
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282:. Because of their small population, they were often raided and their territory boundaries were under pressure from the
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266:("People from Eyak Native Village"), as the tribe consists of descendants of Chugach Sugpiaq, Eyak, and Tlingit.
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The Eyak initially moved out of the interior down the Copper River to the coast. There they harvested the rich
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Cordova. As of 1996, there were 120 partial Eyak descendants in the town. The last full-blood Eyak,
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8:
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Hund, Andrew. "Eyak." 2004. Encyclopedia of the Arctic. Taylor and
Francis Publications.
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which were introduced by non-Native settlers led to the further decline of the Eyak.
535:. W. Suttles, ed. Pp. 189–96. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
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In addition to these villages the Eyak would seasonally occupy fish camps at
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168:. Today, Eyak people live in Cordova, Yakutat, across Alaska, and the U.S.
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373:. University of Alaska and Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1963–1970
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262:("at Eyak Native Village") – but the now officially recognized tribe as
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Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native
Language Center, University of Alaska.
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The Eyak's territory reached from present-day
Cordova east to the
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Many Eyak descendants do not qualify to be tribal members in the
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454:(2). Anchorage, Alaska: The Alaska Geographic Society: 70–73.
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Alaganik, near Mile 21 of the present-day Copper River
Highway
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This article is about the ethnic group. For the language, see
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was known first and foremost as an Eyak language specialist.
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156:, literally "inhabitants of Eyak Village at Mile 6") are an
51:
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and competed with the Eyak for salmon. The integration and
533:
Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 7 Northwest Coast
321:
The Eyak spoke a distinct language closely related to the
258:("the people") and the present-day Eyak Native Village as
566:
446:
Campbell, L.J. (1996). "Native Cultures in Alaska".
526:
The Eyak Indians of the Copper River Delta, Alaska.
363:
341:, last first-language speaker of the Eyak language
528:København: Levin & Munksgaard, E. Munksgaard.
476:Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico: A-M
227:for both the ethnic group and its language is an
788:
540:In honor of Eyak: The art of Anna Nelson Harry.
524:Birket-Smith, K., & De Laguna, F. (1938).
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386:. Cordova Historical Society. Archived from
621:
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538:Harry, A. N., & Krauss, M. E. (1982).
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212:Orca, located within present-day Cordova
441:
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531:De Laguna, F. (1990). "Eyak." In
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62:Regions with significant populations
160:people historically located on the
24:
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376:
25:
818:
560:
502:. University of Alaska Fairbanks
498:Holton, Gary (1 February 2010).
254:The Eyak refer to themselves as
251:at the mouth of the Eyak River.
243:("real people," better known as
209:unnamed, 800 yards south of Eyak
80:
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56:Pre-contact distribution of Eyak
500:"Overview of the Eyak Language"
199:There were four main villages:
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587:Alaska Native Heritage Center
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630:Indigenous peoples of Alaska
307:, died on January 21, 2008.
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797:Alaska Native ethnic groups
572:Eyak Revitalization Project
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206:Eyak, located near Mile 5.5
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807:Native Americans in Alaska
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27:Indigenous group in Alaska
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567:Eyak Preservation Council
479:. Government Print Office
473:Hodge, Frederick (1912).
369:Krauss, Michael E. 1970.
247:) for an Eyak village as
175:, a federally recognized
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34:. For the community, see
233:Sugt'stun (Alutiit'stun)
577:Native Village of Eyak
173:Native Village of Eyak
384:"Eyak Native History"
220:and Mountain Slough.
164:and near the town of
123:Related ethnic groups
323:Athabaskan languages
223:The now-common name
333:Notable Eyak people
231:and comes from the
177:Alaska Native tribe
46:
592:2018-01-02 at the
162:Copper River Delta
44:
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448:Alaska Geographic
419:"Eyak Dictionary"
339:Marie Smith Jones
305:Marie Smith Jones
286:to the west. The
154:ʔi·ya·ɢdəlahɢəyu·
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504:. Retrieved
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483:February 25,
481:. Retrieved
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427:. Retrieved
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392:. Retrieved
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190:Martin River
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117:Christianity
106:(historical)
41:Ethnic group
36:Eyak, Alaska
643:Athabaskans
556:manuscript.
506:26 February
394:26 February
260:IiyaaGdaad'
235:dialect of
18:Eyak Nation
791:Categories
676:Holikachuk
656:Deg Hitʼan
429:2021-11-02
346:References
776:Tsimshian
460:0361-1353
293:canneries
256:DAXunhyuu
184:Territory
102:English,
97:Languages
738:Siberian
666:Gwichʼin
661:Denaʼina
590:Archived
311:Language
249:Igya'aq'
111:Religion
771:Tlingit
725:Chugach
709:Iñupiat
681:Koyukon
288:Tlingit
284:Chugach
270:History
245:Alutiiq
241:Sugpiaq
129:Tlingit
701:Eskimo
686:Tanana
549:
458:
276:salmon
229:exonym
85:
76:Alaska
73:
766:Haida
756:Aleut
749:Other
714:Yupik
651:Ahtna
133:Ahtna
802:Eyak
761:Eyak
547:ISBN
508:2010
485:2010
456:ISSN
396:2010
225:Eyak
150:Eyak
146:Eyak
144:The
104:Eyak
45:Eyak
671:Hän
92:428
793::
452:23
450:.
438:^
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632:(
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148:(
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