853:. Espresso was initially popular particularly within the Italian diaspora, growing in popularity as tourism to Italy exposed others to espresso, as developed by Eiscafès, established by Italians in Germany. Initially, expatriate Italian espresso bars were seen as downmarket venues, serving the working-class Italian diaspora and thus providing appeal to the alternative subculture; this can still be seen in the United States in Italian American neighborhoods, such as Boston's North End, New York's Little Italy, and San Francisco's North Beach. As specialty coffee developed in the 1980s (following earlier developments in the 1970s and even 1960s), an indigenous artisanal coffee culture developed, with espresso instead positioned as an upmarket drink.
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machines, such as the Gaggia Baby and
Quickmill 810, home espresso machines were not widely adopted. In recent years, the increased availability of convenient countertop fully automatic home espresso makers and pod-based espresso serving systems has increased the quantity of espresso consumed at home. The popularity of home espresso making parallels the increase of
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resistance to water pressure. Most double baskets are gently tapered (the "Faema model"), while others, such as the La
Marzocco, have straight sides. Triple baskets are normally straight-sided. Portafilters will often come with two spouts, usually closely spaced, and a double-size basket. Each spout can optionally dispense into a separate cup, yielding two
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The three dispersed phases in espresso are what make the beverage unique. The first dispersed phase is an emulsion of oil droplets. The second phase is suspended solids, while the third is the layer of gas bubbles or foam. The dispersion of very small oil droplets is perceived in the mouth as creamy.
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each have several meanings in
English, French and Italian. The first meaning is to do with the idea of "expressing" ("pressing out of") or squeezing the flavour from the coffee using the pressure of the steam. The second meaning is to do with speed, as in a train. Finally there is the notion of doing
1234:
Gilda. Soon afterwards, similar machines such as the Faema
Faemina, FE-AR La Peppina, and VAM Caravel followed suit, with similar form factors and operational principles. These machines still have a small but dedicated share of fans. Until the advent of the first small electrical pump-based espresso
884:
per unit volume than most coffee beverages, but as its usual serving size of 25–30 ml (1 US oz) is much smaller than other coffee drinks, the overall caffeine content of a single "serving" of espresso is generally lower than that of other coffees. While the exact caffeine content of any coffee drink
1203:, which is longer than a lungo, ranging in size from 120–240 ml (4.2–8.4 imp fl oz; 4.1–8.1 US fl oz), and brewed in the same way, with a coarser grind. Passing too much water through the ground coffee can add other, potentially unpleasant flavors to the espresso.
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being more rarely used for singles and triples. The single shot is the traditional shot size, being the maximum that could easily be pulled on a lever machine. Single baskets are sharply tapered or stepped down in diameter to provide comparable depth to the double baskets and, therefore, comparable
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produced by forcing hot water under high pressure through finely-ground coffee beans. Originating in Italy, espresso has become one of the most popular coffee-brewing methods worldwide. It is characterized by its small serving size, typically 25–30 ml, and its distinctive layers: a dark body topped
448:
Espresso machines use pressure to extract a highly concentrated coffee with a complex flavor profile in a short time, usually 25–30 seconds. The result is a beverage with a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids than regular drip coffee, giving espresso its characteristic body and
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Espresso is made by forcing very hot water under high pressure through finely ground compacted coffee. There is no universal standard defining the process of extracting espresso, but several published definitions attempt to constrain the amount and type of ground coffee used, the temperature and
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or standard (normal), or lungo (long): these may correspond to a smaller or larger drink with the same amount of ground coffee and same level of extraction or to different length of extraction. Proportions vary, and the volume (and low density) of crema makes volume-based comparisons difficult
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devised and patented several improved versions of the coffee machine, the first of which was applied for on 19 December 1901. Titled "Innovations in the machinery to prepare and immediately serve coffee beverage"; Patent No. 153/94, 61707, was granted on 5 June 1902 and was the first espresso
856:
The third-wave coffee movement encompasses espresso machines as a broader coffee culture that values relationships with growers and importers and the craftsmanship involved in making specific coffee-based drinks. The mention of brands such as
Synesso, La Marzocco, and Slayer, known for their
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While espresso contains more caffeine per unit volume than most coffee beverages, its typical serving size results in less caffeine per serving compared to larger drinks such as drip coffee. The cultural significance of espresso extends beyond its consumption, playing a central role in
464:. It can be made with various types of coffee beans and roast levels, allowing for a wide range of flavors and strengths. The quality of an espresso is influenced by factors such as the grind size, water temperature, pressure, and the barista's skill in tamping the coffee grounds.
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in 1884 (No. 33/256), probably the first
Italian coffee machine similar to other French and English 1800s steam-driven coffee machines. The device is "almost certainly the first Italian bar machine that controlled the supply of steam and water separately through the coffee".
860:
The significance of espresso machines in coffee culture today lies in their central role in the preparation of espresso-based drinks. Espresso machines are not merely tools for brewing coffee; they are symbols of craftsmanship, quality, and dedication to coffee making.
1197:, and lungo may not simply be the same shot stopped at different times (which could result in an under- or over-extracted shot), but have the grind adjusted (finer for ristretto, coarser for lungo) to achieve the target volume. A significantly longer shot is the
1745:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
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have increased in popularity with the general rise of interest in espresso. Today, a wide range of home espresso equipment can be found in kitchen and appliance stores, online vendors, and department stores. The first espresso machine for home use was the
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shots are rare, with a single shot in a café generally being half of a doppio shot. In espresso-based drinks in
America, particularly larger milk-based drinks, a drink with three or four shots of espresso will be called a "triple" or "quad", respectively.
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Any bean or roasting level can be used to produce authentic espresso. For example, in southern Italy, a darker roast is generally preferred. Farther north, the trend moves toward slightly lighter roasts, while outside Italy a wide range is popular.
421:
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This characteristic of espresso contributes to what is known as the body of the beverage. These oil droplets preserve some of the aromatic compounds that are lost to the air in other coffee forms, enhancing the strong flavor of espresso.
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will vary, a typical 30 millilitres (1 US fluid ounce) serving of espresso contains approximately 65 milligrams of caffeine, but a typical 240 millilitres (8 US fluid ounces) serving of drip coffee contains 150–200 mg of caffeine.
757:
of 1855. However, the machine did not use steam to directly force water through the coffee but rather used steam indirectly, it brewed coffee a potful at a time and the device was too complicated to have any impact on public.
1318:
Macchiato means 'spot' or 'stain' in
Italian. According to the classic Italian method, a spoonful of milk foam is added to the espresso, according to the modern method, it is filled to the edge of the cup with microfoam.
900:, which does not occur in other brewing methods. Crema is produced when water placed under very high pressure dissolves more carbon dioxide, a gas present inside the coffee that is produced during the roasting process.
787:
machine. In 1903, the patent was bought by
Desiderio Pavoni, who founded the La Pavoni company and began to produce the machine industrially, manufacturing one machine daily in a small workshop in Via Parini, Milan.
1744:
642:. While the 'expresso' spelling is recognized as mainstream usage in some American dictionaries, some cooking websites call the 'x' variant illegitimate. Oxford Dictionaries online states: "The spelling
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pulls down a handle attached to a spring-loaded piston, which forces hot water through the coffee at high pressure. However, it is more common for an electric pump to generate the pressure.
1136:
The size can be a single, double, or triple, using a proportional amount of ground coffee, roughly 7, 14, and 21 grams; correspondingly sized filter baskets are used. The Italian
877:
and the crema on top (a foam with a creamy consistency). As a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated.
753:
In 1843, Edouard Loysel de Santais, a Frenchman, built a coffee machine capable of producing 2,000 cups of coffee per hour. He presented this machine, called a "café express", at the
842:
in Berkeley, California, as a long cappuccino, and was then popularized in Seattle and then nationally and internationally by Seattle-based Starbucks in the late 1980s and 1990s.
1403:
Milk and milk foam are poured into a tall glass, which is left to stand for at least half a minute, then one shot of espresso is poured into it, creating three colored layers.
761:
In 1878, German inventor Gustav Adolf Kessel patented a coffee machine called the "Revolver Coffee Machine" that featured most of the key elements of modern espresso machines.
1723:
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something "expressly" for a person ... The first Bezzera and Pavoni espresso machines in 1906 took 45 seconds to make a cup of coffee, one at a time, expressly for you.
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down the coffee promotes the water's even penetration through the grounds. This process produces a thicker beverage by extracting both solid and dissolved components.
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The main variables in a shot of espresso are the "size" and "length". This terminology is standardized, but the precise sizes and proportions vary substantially.
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Espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, with a viscosity similar to that of warm honey. This is due to the higher concentration of
857:
top-notch equipment, highlights the differences between traditional espresso machines and super-automatic machines to achieve a complete coffee preparation.
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The first prototype was created in France in 1822 by Louis Bernard Rabaut. Although the result remains unknown, the experiment was proven by the drawings.
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834:, owing to the tradition of drinking coffee with milk and the exotic appeal of the foam; in the United States, this was more often in the form of
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In 1887, the British inventors James Childs and Charles John Jones made significant improvements to espresso machine design, inventing the first
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is mostly considered incorrect, though some sources call it a less common variant. It is common in French and Portuguese. Italy uses the term
2854:
2697:
1977:
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2468:: "La tazzina di porcellana bianca incornicia la crema: una trama sottile nei toni del nocciola, percorsa da leggere striature rossastre"
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1752:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
838:, with or without flavored syrups added. The latte is claimed to have been invented in the 1950s by Italian American Lino Meiorin of
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The act of producing a shot of espresso is often called "pulling" a shot, originating from lever espresso machines, with which a
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The technical parameters outlined by the Italian Espresso National Institute for making a "certified Italian espresso" are:
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with the first half of the shot in the glass at the bottom of the image, and the second half in the glass on the right
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1125:. Changing between a double and a triple requires changing the filter basket size, while changing between ristretto,
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At least 210 g of lightly whipped milk with foam at a temperature of 58–70 °C is poured into the espresso.
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culture and the third-wave coffee movement, which emphasizes artisanal production and high-quality beans.
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The art and craft of coffee: an enthusiast's guide to selecting, roasting, and brewing exquisite coffee
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Espresso is served on its own, and is also used as the base for various other coffee drinks, including
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In the United Kingdom, espresso grew in popularity in the 1950s among youth, who felt more welcome in
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This article is about the coffee preparation method and the resulting beverage. For other uses, see
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634:(alone, without milk) is the usual way to ask for it at an espresso bar. Some sources state that
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The Complete Idiot's Guide to Coffee and Tea: The Perfect Companion to Your Daily Pick-Me-Up!
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a common form associated with espresso, uses half the amount of water, about 30 ml. Ristretto
1174:(precise measurement uses the mass of the drink). Typically, ristretto is half the volume of
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is not used in the original Italian and is strictly incorrect, although it is common." The
539:), as seen on old Gaggia machines, due to the crema. This term is no longer used, although
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Similar to an americano, but on the contrary, the espresso is poured into the hot water.
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letters in Latin-root words, with the term deriving from the past participle of the verb
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for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
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699:(which was presumably invented under the impression that it meant 'fast', 'express')".
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1157:-size (but doppio-brewed) shots, or into a single cup (hence the close spacing). True
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1935:"Espresso or expresso? The x spelling actually has considerable historical precedent"
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1518:: "long" espresso from more water and coarser ground coffee, approximately 120–180 ml
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In the English-speaking world, espresso became popular, particularly in the form of
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Coffee Floats Tea Sinks: Through History and Technology to a Complete Understanding
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The crema is a layer of dense foam that forms on top of the drink. It consists of
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and developing a system that allowed for the consecutive use of water and steam.
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In addition to being served alone, espresso is frequently blended, notably with
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is often erroneously credited for inventing the beverage, since he patented a
604:), espresso being the ordinary coffee to order. The same happens in Portugal (
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Expresso. Merriam-webster.com (13 August 2010). Retrieved on 13 February 2011
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The basic drink from which other milk and non-milk coffee drinks are based.
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Anatomy of a Triple Ristretto by Jeremy Gauger, Gimme Coffee, 17 March 2009
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pressure of the water, and the rate of extraction. Generally, one uses an
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It is prepared as an espresso with a large amount of milk and milk foam.
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3024:"The Cappuccino Conquests. The Transnational History of Italian Coffee"
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Formichelli, Linda; Martin, W. Eric; Gilbert, Susan (4 October 2005).
1984:. Homecooking.about.com (14 June 2010). Retrieved on 13 February 2011.
1239:. Some amateurs pursue both home roasting coffee and making espresso.
1117:
Cafés may have a standardized shot (size and length), such as "triple
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and the first espresso machine at the World Expo 1906 in Milan, Italy
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2479:"The Great Debate: Does Espresso or Drip Coffee Have More Caffeine?"
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714:, inventor of an important precursor to the espresso coffee machine
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799:). In Italy, the rise of espresso consumption was associated with
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Modern espresso, using hot water under pressure, as pioneered by
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2855:"Fare of the Country: In Italy, Espresso is the Elixir of Life"
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Espresso serves as the base for other coffee drinks, including
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The Complete Idiot's Guide to Starting And Running A Coffeebar
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A detailed discussion of the spread of espresso is given in (
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1580:: espresso is mixed with the sugar and ice in a drink mixer
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2301:"Part 4 - Who really invented the first espresso machine?"
2264:"Part 4 - Who really invented the first espresso machine?"
1965:. Dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved on 13 February 2011.
1716:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
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as 'pressed-out', but the word also conveys the senses of
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2066:
2054:
1738:
1091:
850:
819:
colonies, Italian Somalia and Italian Eritrea. Under the
150:
2184:
Hansen, Kristine; Arndorfer, Travis (5 September 2006).
2084:
2037:. Oxforddictionaries.com. Retrieved on 13 February 2011.
2872:
2281:
2035:
Definition of espresso from Oxford Dictionaries Online
2028:
1182:
volume. For a double shot (14 grams of dry coffee), a
1345:
Espresso topped up with hot water in a ratio of 1:5.
407:
395:
2800:(1st American ed.). New York: Abbeville Press.
2471:
2426:"'Making Italian Espresso, Making Espresso Italian'"
1856:
1617:
401:
398:
2988:(third ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1996:. Espresso People. Retrieved on 13 February 2011.
392:
2981:
1749:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
1385:250–280 ml (8.5–9.5 US fl oz)
1368:150–180 ml (5.1–6.1 US fl oz)
1355:150–180 ml (5.1–6.1 US fl oz)
1342:150–180 ml (5.1–6.1 US fl oz)
1289:25–30 ml (0.85–1.01 US fl oz)
3005:The Oxford Dictionary of American Usage and Style
1868:
1332:Espresso pulled with double the amount of water.
281:
218:
6134:
3040:Coffee: A Guide to Buying, Brewing, and Enjoying
1315:30–40 ml (1.0–1.4 US fl oz)
782:Fourteen years later, in 1901, Italian inventor
582:. Italians commonly refer to espresso simply as
2625:. Great Britain: Mitchell Beazley. p. 96.
2183:
678:as the only correct form. The third edition of
2040:
741:An automatic Italian handmade espresso machine
105:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
5675:
4555:
3142:
2907:. Beverly, Mass.: Quarry Books. p. 160.
1704:
1186:uses about 60 ml of water. A double ristretto
823:, coffee consumed standing up was subject to
668:Oxford Dictionary of American Usage and Style
100:Coffee, brewed, espresso, restaurant-prepared
1963:Expresso | Define Expresso at Dictionary.com
1928:
1926:
1165:The length of the shot can be ristretto (or
827:, encouraging the "stand at a bar" culture.
2937:"How To Make the Perfect Long Black Coffee"
2798:The book of coffee : a gourmet's guide
1375:technique is often painted into the drink.
1305:Condensed espresso to approximately 20 ml.
589:
524:
5682:
5668:
4562:
4548:
3149:
3135:
2976:
2345:"The Long History of the Espresso Machine"
2072:
1932:
1712:United States Food and Drug Administration
1400:250 ml (8.5 US fl oz)
1302:20 ml (0.68 US fl oz)
769:steam-driven coffee beverage making device
733:A manual Italian handmade espresso machine
50:
3075:
3056:
2837:
2835:
2725:Espresso: Ultimate Coffee, Second Edition
2526:How much caffeine is in your daily habit?
2214:Espresso: Ultimate Coffee, Second Edition
2014:"The Great Debate: Espresso vs. Expresso"
1923:
1329:60 ml (2.0 US fl oz)
630:is seen as the more formal denomination,
475:
5594:Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment
3121:Espresso Coffee: Professional Techniques
3097:
2796:Illy, Francesco; Illy, Riccardo (1992).
2795:
2696:. Istituto Nazionale Espresso Italiano.
2617:
1532:: 2 shots of espresso with whipped cream
1242:
1216:
1101:
1090:
946:
938:
896:oils in the ground coffee turned into a
807:, notably in Turin, Genoa, and Milan in
736:
728:
717:
706:
5364:Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea
2957:
2890:
2878:
2852:
2822:"Brewing ratios for espresso beverages"
2557:Espresso Coffee: The Science of Quality
2287:
2239:"Brew | Vinabarista | Espresso Vietnam"
1862:
1812:"Espresso Coffee Maker Through History"
578:is not considered part of the standard
14:
6135:
4648:List of countries by coffee production
3037:
3021:
3002:
2832:
2777:. Istituto Nazionale Espresso Italiano
2721:
2423:
2210:
2060:
1880:
1874:
796:
5663:
4543:
3130:
3007:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2902:
2623:The World Atlas of Coffee 2nd Edition
2370:"Roger Blench: Postcard from Eritrea"
2138:
2111:
2078:
1269:) and dry foamed, or with hot water.
1249:List of coffee drinks § Espresso
695:"has entirely driven out the variant
431:
3156:
2814:
2599:. ChemistryViews.org. 7 October 2014
2554:
1975:What is espresso? Or is it expresso?
1563:('corrected coffee'): espresso with
1178:, and lungo is double to triple the
998:Exit temperature of water from unit
638:is an incorrect spelling, including
517:in the 1940s, was originally called
480:Some English dictionaries translate
5689:
2722:Davids, Kenneth (15 October 2013).
2573:. seattlecoffeegear. Archived from
2424:Morris, Jonathan (18 August 2011).
2417:
2211:Davids, Kenneth (15 October 2013).
2167:"A History of the Espresso Machine"
990:Necessary portion of ground coffee
441:with a lighter-colored foam called
24:
5543:United States Barista Championship
3042:(5 ed.). St. Martin's Press.
2465:Illy, "Il caffè e i cinque sensi"
1726:from the original on 27 March 2024
864:
608:), with some regional variations (
25:
6184:
2728:. St. Martin's Publishing Group.
2691:"L'Espresso Italiano Certificato"
2485:. 24 October 2014. Archived from
2342:
2217:. St. Martin's Publishing Group.
1906:"Is it espresso or expresso? Yes"
1144:is often used for a double, with
951:Finely ground coffee for espresso
359:Link to Full USDA Nutrient Report
6115:
6104:
5642:
5641:
5628:
4519:List of Italian foods and drinks
3081:Espresso: The Science of Quality
2703:from the original on 9 June 2006
2326:"ESPRESSO BASICS : HISTORY"
1648:
1634:
1620:
1604:
1594:
1495:
1483:
1471:
1459:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1411:
1133:may require changing the grind.
1054:Volume in cup (including crema)
654:call it a variant spelling. The
570:, itself derived from the Latin
385:
2951:
2929:
2896:
2853:Hofmann, Paul (7 August 1983).
2846:
2789:
2772:"Espresso Italiano Certificato"
2764:
2742:
2715:
2683:
2661:
2639:
2611:
2589:
2563:
2548:
2530:
2519:
2501:
2459:
2387:
2362:
2336:
2318:
2293:
2256:
2231:
2204:
2177:
2159:
2132:
2105:
2006:
1987:
1968:
1956:
1945:
1844:. Oxford University press. 1989
1774:from the original on 9 May 2024
5717:Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group
2395:"Invention of the Caffe Latte"
1898:
1830:
1804:
1786:
670:(2000) describes the spelling
640:Garner's Modern American Usage
13:
1:
4994:Single-serve coffee container
2984:Fowler's Modern English Usage
2048:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
1933:Ben Yagoda (18 August 2014).
1794:"The History of the Espresso"
1697:
1609:The dictionary definition of
745:
691:in 1996, noted that the form
3361:Pasta con i peperoni cruschi
3079:; Viani, Rinantonio (2005).
3057:Fumagalli, Ambrogio (1995).
2139:Price, Mark (14 July 2016).
2112:Price, Mark (14 July 2016).
1540:: caffè latte with chocolate
1072:
547:) still appear in branding.
436:) is a concentrated form of
366:Percentages estimated using
7:
4489:Sausages in Italian cuisine
3105:. Milano: Abbeville Press.
3032:University of Hertfordshire
2671:. Coffee Research Institute
1589:
1206:
656:Online Etymology Dictionary
115:8.4 kJ (2.0 kcal)
56:A cup of espresso from the
10:
6189:
6093:Neapolitan flip coffee pot
5548:World Barista Championship
4974:Neapolitan flip coffee pot
4569:
2559:. Elsevier Academic Press.
1246:
1210:
1076:
934:
702:
674:as "wrong", and specifies
36:
29:
6101:
6063:Easy Serving Espresso Pod
6045:
5937:
5861:
5830:
5812:Palazzina Majani, Bologna
5740:
5697:
5622:
5561:
5535:
5485:
5417:
5336:
5310:
5002:
4841:
4800:
4676:
4618:
4577:
4466:
4368:
4237:
4169:
4098:
3930:Crocetta of Caltanissetta
3853:
3825:
3697:
3462:
3419:
3401:Spaghetti alla puttanesca
3278:
3195:
3164:
3101:; Illy, Riccardo (1989).
3022:Morris, Jonathan (2007),
2142:The Food Lover's Handbook
2115:The Food Lover's Handbook
1842:Oxford English Dictionary
1816:EspressoCoffeeBrewers.com
1063:
790:
648:Oxford English Dictionary
365:
355:
351:
343:
335:
327:
315:
311:
303:
290:
269:
265:
261:
244:
227:
206:
202:
198:
191:
187:
171:
167:
163:
147:
143:
139:
123:
119:
109:
104:
89:
81:
69:
49:
32:Espresso (disambiguation)
4600:International Coffee Day
4479:Italian-American cuisine
3905:Cassatella di sant'Agata
3038:Davids, Kenneth (2013).
2647:"Today's Espresso Scene"
2000:1 September 2006 at the
37:Not to be confused with
5394:Historical coffeehouses
3826:Cheeses and charcuterie
3504:Cotoletta alla milanese
2903:Kevin, Sinnott (2010).
2445:10.1484/J.FOOD.1.102222
1221:A home espresso machine
880:Espresso contains more
811:. Italians also spread
689:Oxford University Press
545:caffè crema, café crema
368:US recommendations
71:Country of origin
5762:Caffè-Pasticceria Cova
5604:Coffee vending machine
4828:Furan-2-ylmethanethiol
3524:Baccalà alla vicentina
3406:Spaghetti alle vongole
3396:Spaghetti aglio e olio
3386:Rigatoni con la Pajata
3003:Garner, Bryan (2000).
1222:
1111:
1099:
952:
944:
742:
734:
726:
715:
511:
476:Etymology and spelling
372:the National Academies
5822:Antico Caffè Spinnato
5409:Viennese coffee house
4940:Karlsbad coffee maker
4514:List of Italian chefs
4484:Italian food products
3854:Pastry and desserts (
3698:Pizza and street food
3172:Ancient Roman cuisine
2958:Bersten, Ian (1993).
2555:Illy, Andrea (2005).
1664:List of coffee drinks
1603:at Wikimedia Commons
1526:: espresso with cream
1261:(without significant
1243:Espresso-based drinks
1220:
1105:
1094:
1014:Entry water pressure
950:
942:
740:
732:
721:
710:
494:
193:Vitamins and minerals
27:Type of strong coffee
18:Espresso-based drinks
5569:Coffee and doughnuts
5172:Indian filter coffee
4605:Single-origin coffee
3960:Neapolitan ice cream
3609:Frittola (meat dish)
3554:Carciofi alla romana
3187:Contemporary cuisine
3182:Early modern cuisine
2752:. CoffeeResearch.org
2544:on 22 November 2013.
2515:on 24 November 2013.
1237:home coffee roasting
684:Modern English Usage
5782:Caffè Michelangiolo
5609:Used coffee grounds
4474:Sammarinese cuisine
4238:Alcoholic beverages
3817:U' pastizz 'rtunnar
3614:Frittola (doughnut)
3584:Coda alla vaccinara
3519:Baccalà alla lucana
3061:. Chronicle Books.
2943:. 10 December 2022.
2828:. 13 November 2006.
2399:Caffe Mediterraneum
2063:, pp. 129–130.
2024:on 16 October 2015.
1980:7 July 2011 at the
1800:. 12 February 2020.
1006:Temperature in cup
840:Caffe Mediterraneum
687:, published by the
626:). In Spain, while
433:[eˈsprɛsso]
101:
46:
6148:Coffee preparation
6083:Lavazza A Modo Mio
5772:Caffè Giubbe Rosse
5752:Antico Caffè Greco
5614:Sustainable coffee
5311:Organization lists
5272:Rüdesheimer Kaffee
5052:Café com cheirinho
4641:Sustainable coffee
4636:Shade-grown coffee
3434:Soup alla modenese
3429:Soup alla canavese
3381:Pasta all'Ortolana
3366:Pasta con le sarde
3351:Fettuccine Alfredo
3119:Schomer, David C.
3103:The Book of Coffee
3083:. Academic Press.
2893:, p. 132-133.
2859:The New York Times
2750:"Espresso Tamping"
1818:. 13 December 2017
1584:Espresso and tonic
1523:Espresso con panna
1223:
1112:
1100:
1030:Viscosity at 45°C
960:to make espresso.
953:
945:
743:
735:
727:
716:
317:Other constituents
99:
60:(municipality) of
44:
6128:
6127:
6111:Coffee portal
5657:
5656:
5635:Coffee portal
5553:World Brewers Cup
5177:Ipoh white coffee
4658:Coffee wastewater
4626:Coffee production
4610:Third-wave coffee
4537:
4536:
3920:Colomba di Pasqua
3376:Pasta al pomodoro
3326:Amatriciana sauce
3196:Regional cuisines
3014:978-0-19-513508-4
2995:978-0-19-869126-6
2978:Burchfield, R. W.
2941:Leaf Bean Machine
2735:978-1-4668-5477-2
2669:"Espresso Coffee"
2632:978-1-78472-429-0
2224:978-1-4668-5477-2
2197:978-1-4406-2601-2
2152:978-1-4735-2865-9
2125:978-1-4735-2865-9
2098:978-1-4406-5071-0
1759:978-0-309-48834-1
1669:Caffeinated drink
1599:Media related to
1407:
1406:
1227:espresso machines
1061:
1060:
1022:Percolation time
801:industrialization
622:traditionally in
486:expressly for you
378:
377:
307:
306:
97:
96:
16:(Redirected from
6180:
6122:Italy portal
6120:
6119:
6118:
6109:
6108:
6068:Espresso machine
6032:Gassosa al caffè
5838:Alfonso Bialetti
5807:Gran Caffè Doney
5684:
5677:
5670:
5661:
5660:
5648:Category: Coffee
5645:
5644:
5633:
5632:
5584:Coffee leaf rust
5457:Dandelion coffee
5323:Coffee companies
5162:Gassosa al caffè
4930:Espresso machine
4564:
4557:
4550:
4541:
4540:
4529:Italian Sounding
4141:Pane di Altamura
4121:Coppia Ferrarese
3717:Neapolitan pizza
3356:Pasta alla Norma
3321:Arrabbiata sauce
3279:Pasta and sauces
3177:Medieval cuisine
3158:Cuisine of Italy
3151:
3144:
3137:
3128:
3127:
3116:
3094:
3072:
3053:
3034:
3018:
2999:
2987:
2973:
2962:. Helian Books.
2945:
2944:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2850:
2844:
2839:
2830:
2829:
2826:Home-Barista.com
2818:
2812:
2811:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2702:
2695:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2597:"Espresso Crema"
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2571:"What is Crema?"
2567:
2561:
2560:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2540:. Archived from
2534:
2528:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2511:. Archived from
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2433:Food and History
2430:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2401:. Archived from
2391:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2374:RogerBlench.info
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2330:coffeereview.com
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2145:. Random House.
2136:
2130:
2129:
2118:. Random House.
2109:
2103:
2102:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2020:. Archived from
2010:
2004:
1994:What is Espresso
1991:
1985:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1930:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1708:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1608:
1598:
1548:: espresso with
1545:Espresso martini
1509:Other variants:
1499:
1487:
1475:
1463:
1451:
1439:
1427:
1415:
1272:
1271:
1213:espresso machine
1049:< 100 mg/cup
979:
978:
958:espresso machine
943:Espresso brewing
875:dissolved solids
813:espresso culture
755:Paris Exposition
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
580:Italian alphabet
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
435:
430:
426:
425:
424:
423:
416:
413:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
285:
249:
232:
222:
189:
188:
102:
98:
72:
54:
47:
43:
21:
6188:
6187:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6177:
6173:Coffee in Italy
6163:Italian cuisine
6133:
6132:
6129:
6124:
6116:
6114:
6103:
6097:
6041:
6012:Latte macchiato
5975:Caffè macchiato
5933:
5857:
5853:Angelo Moriondo
5826:
5802:Caffè Gambrinus
5792:Caffè San Marco
5742:
5736:
5732:Guglielmo Caffè
5693:
5691:Coffee in Italy
5688:
5658:
5653:
5627:
5618:
5557:
5531:
5486:Serving vessels
5481:
5413:
5332:
5306:
5212:Latte macchiato
5082:Caffè macchiato
4998:
4837:
4796:
4681:
4672:
4653:Coffee roasting
4614:
4573:
4568:
4538:
4533:
4462:
4423:Caffè macchiato
4418:Latte macchiato
4364:
4233:
4165:
4094:
3849:
3821:
3693:
3689:Vitello tonnato
3564:Carne pizzaiola
3458:
3415:
3411:Tumact me tulez
3371:Pasta e fagioli
3341:Bolognese sauce
3311:Neapolitan ragù
3274:
3191:
3160:
3155:
3113:
3099:Illy, Francesco
3091:
3069:
3050:
3015:
2996:
2970:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2915:
2901:
2897:
2889:
2885:
2877:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2851:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2808:
2794:
2790:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2736:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2652:
2650:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2619:Hoffmann, James
2616:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2580:
2578:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2553:
2549:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2520:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2464:
2460:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2405:on 14 June 2009
2393:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2376:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2341:
2337:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2243:vinabarista.com
2237:
2236:
2232:
2225:
2209:
2205:
2198:
2182:
2178:
2171:Coffee Magazine
2165:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2110:
2106:
2099:
2083:
2079:
2073:Burchfield 1996
2071:
2067:
2059:
2055:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2033:
2029:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2002:Wayback Machine
1992:
1988:
1982:Wayback Machine
1973:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1950:
1946:
1931:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1910:Merriam-Webster
1904:
1903:
1899:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1847:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1819:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1798:Esquires Coffee
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1760:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1676:Caffè macchiato
1671:– type of drink
1654:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1592:
1578:Freddo espresso
1530:Viennese coffee
1505:
1503:Latte macchiato
1500:
1491:
1488:
1479:
1476:
1467:
1464:
1455:
1452:
1443:
1440:
1431:
1428:
1419:
1416:
1395:Latte macchiato
1265:), wet foamed (
1251:
1245:
1215:
1209:
1089:
1075:
1066:
1033:> 1,5 mPa s
1025:25 ± 5 seconds
937:
914:caffè macchiato
867:
865:Characteristics
809:northwest Italy
793:
765:Angelo Moriondo
748:
712:Angelo Moriondo
705:
652:Merriam-Webster
601:
598:
595:
592:
558:, substituting
536:
533:
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478:
428:
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256:
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135:
130:
70:
65:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6186:
6176:
6175:
6170:
6168:Coffee culture
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6126:
6125:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6049:
6047:
6043:
6042:
6040:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6008:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5965:Caffè corretto
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5941:
5939:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5884:FrancisFrancis
5881:
5876:
5871:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5843:Francesco Illy
5840:
5834:
5832:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5824:
5819:
5817:Pedrocchi Café
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5748:
5746:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5727:Caffè del Doge
5724:
5722:Caffè Pascucci
5719:
5714:
5709:
5703:
5701:
5695:
5694:
5687:
5686:
5679:
5672:
5664:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5638:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5579:Coffee service
5576:
5571:
5565:
5563:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5539:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5507:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5379:Coffee cupping
5376:
5374:Coffee culture
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5349:Bikini barista
5346:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5299:
5297:Wiener Melange
5294:
5289:
5284:
5282:Turkish coffee
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5222:Liqueur coffee
5219:
5214:
5209:
5207:Kurdish coffee
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5122:Dalgona coffee
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5102:Coffee cabinet
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5072:Caffè corretto
5069:
5064:
5059:
5057:Café con leche
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5008:
5006:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4984:Turkish coffee
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4952:Instant coffee
4949:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4932:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4905:
4900:
4899:
4898:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4847:
4845:
4839:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4780:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4759:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4687:
4685:
4674:
4673:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4663:Decaffeination
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4631:Organic coffee
4622:
4620:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4567:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4544:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4524:Meal structure
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4428:Caffè corretto
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4378:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4173:
4171:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3861:
3859:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3722:Sicilian pizza
3719:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3470:
3468:
3463:Other dishes (
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3336:Genovese sauce
3333:
3331:Marinara sauce
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3117:
3111:
3095:
3089:
3073:
3067:
3054:
3049:978-1466854420
3048:
3035:
3019:
3013:
3000:
2994:
2974:
2968:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2928:
2913:
2895:
2883:
2881:, p. 131.
2871:
2845:
2831:
2813:
2807:978-1558593213
2806:
2788:
2763:
2741:
2734:
2714:
2682:
2660:
2649:. Home Barista
2638:
2631:
2610:
2588:
2577:on 12 May 2013
2562:
2547:
2529:
2518:
2500:
2489:on 22 May 2019
2470:
2458:
2439:(2): 155–183.
2416:
2386:
2361:
2343:Stamp, Jimmy.
2335:
2317:
2305:Barista Hustle
2292:
2290:, p. 105.
2280:
2268:Barista Hustle
2255:
2230:
2223:
2203:
2196:
2176:
2173:. 3 June 2021.
2158:
2151:
2131:
2124:
2104:
2097:
2077:
2075:, p. 286.
2065:
2053:
2039:
2027:
2005:
1986:
1967:
1955:
1944:
1939:Slate Magazine
1922:
1897:
1892:Dictionary.com
1879:
1867:
1855:
1829:
1803:
1785:
1758:
1737:
1702:
1701:
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1696:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1645:
1631:
1615:at Wiktionary
1591:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1575:
1560:Caffè corretto
1556:
1550:coffee liqueur
1541:
1533:
1527:
1519:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1494:
1492:
1489:
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1480:
1477:
1470:
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1434:
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1417:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1390:
1389:
1386:
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1356:
1353:
1347:
1346:
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1307:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1247:Main article:
1244:
1241:
1211:Main article:
1208:
1205:
1074:
1071:
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1062:
1059:
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1055:
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1050:
1047:
1043:
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1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
999:
995:
994:
991:
987:
986:
983:
936:
933:
866:
863:
825:price controls
821:Fascist regime
792:
789:
747:
744:
704:
701:
543:and variants (
477:
474:
376:
375:
363:
362:
357:
353:
352:
349:
348:
345:
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340:
337:
333:
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185:
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145:
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113:
107:
106:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
73:
67:
66:
55:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6185:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6153:Coffee drinks
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6131:
6123:
6112:
6107:
6100:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6058:Caffè sospeso
6056:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6044:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5936:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5848:Luigi Lavazza
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5767:Caffè Florian
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5745:
5739:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5700:
5696:
5692:
5685:
5680:
5678:
5673:
5671:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5650:
5649:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5625:
5624:
5621:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5599:Canned coffee
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5534:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5499:
5496:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5447:Cereal coffee
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5427:Barley coffee
5425:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5384:Coffee palace
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5354:Caffè sospeso
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5309:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5292:White Russian
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5142:Frappé coffee
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5042:Cà phê sữa đá
5040:
5038:
5037:Black Russian
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5022:Beaten coffee
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5004:Coffee drinks
5001:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4866:Brewed coffee
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4856:Arabic coffee
4854:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4846:
4844:
4840:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4799:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4779:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4703:Blue Mountain
4701:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4668:Home roasting
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4617:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4572:
4565:
4560:
4558:
4553:
4551:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4465:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4097:
4091:
4090:Zuppa Inglese
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4070:Torta caprese
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3772:Pani câ meusa
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:Piscialandrea
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:Caprese salad
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3514:Bollito misto
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3147:
3145:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3112:1-55859-321-7
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3090:0-12-370371-9
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3068:0-8118-1082-8
3064:
3060:
3059:Coffee Makers
3055:
3051:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2991:
2986:
2985:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2969:0-646-09180-8
2965:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2914:9781592535637
2910:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2887:
2880:
2875:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2809:
2803:
2799:
2792:
2773:
2767:
2751:
2745:
2737:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2718:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2670:
2664:
2648:
2642:
2634:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2598:
2592:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2558:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2522:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2474:
2467:
2462:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2289:
2284:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2244:
2240:
2234:
2226:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2180:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2154:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2074:
2069:
2062:
2057:
2049:
2043:
2036:
2031:
2023:
2019:
2018:Espresso Blog
2015:
2009:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1927:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1865:, p. 99.
1864:
1859:
1843:
1839:
1833:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1741:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1656:Coffee portal
1651:
1646:
1643:
1632:
1629:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1493:
1486:
1481:
1474:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1450:
1445:
1438:
1433:
1426:
1421:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:Drink volume
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1219:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1169:) (reduced),
1168:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1095:Extracting a
1093:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1070:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1041:> 2 mg/ml
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1000:
997:
996:
992:
989:
988:
984:
981:
980:
977:
974:
972:
968:
966:
961:
959:
949:
941:
932:
930:
926:
922:
921:
916:
915:
910:
906:
901:
899:
895:
890:
886:
883:
878:
876:
872:
862:
858:
854:
852:
848:
843:
841:
837:
833:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
788:
785:
784:Luigi Bezzera
780:
778:
773:
770:
766:
762:
759:
756:
751:
739:
731:
724:
723:Luigi Bezzera
720:
713:
709:
700:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
662:a variant of
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
612:
607:
587:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
550:The spelling
548:
546:
542:
522:
521:
516:
510:
507:
503:
499:
493:
491:
487:
483:
473:
471:
465:
463:
459:
455:
450:
446:
444:
439:
434:
422:
415:
382:
373:
369:
364:
360:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
320:
318:
314:
310:
302:
295:
293:
289:
284:
279:
276:
274:
273:
268:
264:
260:
253:
251:
243:
236:
234:
229:Riboflavin (B
226:
221:
216:
213:
211:
210:
205:
201:
197:
190:
186:
180:
177:
176:
170:
166:
162:
156:
153:
152:
146:
142:
138:
132:
129:
128:
127:Carbohydrates
122:
118:
114:
112:
108:
103:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
68:
63:
59:
53:
48:
40:
33:
19:
6130:
6113:
6073:IperEspresso
5989:
5797:Caffè Fiorio
5787:Caffè Quadri
5777:Caffè Lavena
5744:coffeehouses
5640:
5626:
5536:Competitions
5522:Tasse à café
5359:Coffee break
5328:Coffeehouses
5318:Bakery cafés
5287:White coffee
5277:Tenom coffee
5182:Irish coffee
5131:
5062:Café de olla
5047:Café au lait
4989:Vacuum maker
4957:Coffee syrup
4947:French press
4907:
4813:Caffeic acid
4782:
4775:
4761:
4756:Charrieriana
4754:
4690:
4380:
4146:Pane sciocco
4136:Pane carasau
4030:Sfogliatelle
3955:Mustacciuoli
3945:Grattachecca
3910:Castagnaccio
3619:Istrian stew
3544:Cappon magro
3391:Cacio e pepe
3346:Checca sauce
3120:
3102:
3080:
3077:Illy, Andrea
3058:
3039:
3028:Academia.org
3027:
3004:
2983:
2959:
2952:Bibliography
2940:
2931:
2904:
2898:
2891:Bersten 1993
2886:
2879:Bersten 1993
2874:
2862:. Retrieved
2858:
2848:
2825:
2816:
2797:
2791:
2779:. Retrieved
2766:
2754:. Retrieved
2744:
2724:
2717:
2705:. Retrieved
2685:
2673:. Retrieved
2663:
2651:. Retrieved
2641:
2622:
2613:
2601:. Retrieved
2591:
2579:. Retrieved
2575:the original
2565:
2556:
2550:
2542:the original
2538:"Show Foods"
2532:
2521:
2513:the original
2509:"Show Foods"
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2487:the original
2473:
2461:
2436:
2432:
2419:
2407:. Retrieved
2403:the original
2398:
2389:
2377:. Retrieved
2373:
2364:
2352:. Retrieved
2348:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2308:. Retrieved
2304:
2295:
2288:Bersten 1993
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2267:
2258:
2246:. Retrieved
2242:
2233:
2213:
2206:
2186:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2141:
2134:
2114:
2107:
2087:
2080:
2068:
2056:
2042:
2030:
2022:the original
2017:
2008:
1989:
1970:
1958:
1947:
1938:
1913:. Retrieved
1909:
1900:
1891:
1882:
1870:
1863:Bersten 1993
1858:
1846:. Retrieved
1841:
1832:
1820:. Retrieved
1815:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1776:. Retrieved
1748:
1740:
1728:. Retrieved
1719:
1706:
1674:
1642:Drink portal
1628:Italy portal
1611:
1593:
1577:
1558:
1543:
1535:
1521:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1393:
1252:
1224:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1126:
1116:
1113:
1067:
1057:25 ml ± 2,5
975:
969:
962:
954:
918:
912:
902:
891:
887:
879:
868:
859:
855:
847:coffee shops
844:
829:
817:East African
805:urbanization
794:
781:
774:
763:
760:
752:
749:
696:
692:
682:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
628:café expreso
627:
619:
609:
605:
583:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
549:
544:
540:
534:cream coffee
518:
512:
505:
501:
497:
495:
489:
485:
481:
479:
466:
451:
447:
442:
380:
379:
321:
316:
282:
277:
270:
219:
214:
207:
173:
149:
125:
93:Brown, black
57:
5970:Caffè crema
5909:La Marzocco
5757:Caffè Bardi
5589:Coffee wars
5419:Substitutes
5389:Coffeehouse
5202:Kopi tubruk
5167:Iced coffee
5147:Frappuccino
5117:Café Cubano
5107:Coffee milk
5087:Caffè mocha
5077:Caffè crema
4935:French drip
4903:Drip coffee
4886:Coffeemaker
4843:Preparation
4823:Coffee bean
4728:Maracaturra
4219:Piedmontese
4040:Sponge cake
4015:Ricciarelli
3985:Panna cotta
3787:Arrosticini
3674:Saltimbocca
3624:Lampredotto
3479:Bagna càuda
3316:Struncatura
3250:Piedmontese
2781:15 February
2379:16 November
2349:Smithsonian
2190:. Penguin.
2091:. Penguin.
2061:Garner 2000
1875:Morris 2007
1537:Caffè mocha
1515:Caffè crema
1490:Caffè latte
1381:Caffè latte
1200:caffè crema
1009:67°C ± 3°C
1001:88°C ± 2°C
920:caffè mocha
905:caffè latte
815:into their
797:Morris 2007
777:portafilter
541:crema caffè
520:crema caffè
470:coffee shop
449:intensity.
336:Theobromine
62:Ventimiglia
6158:Hot drinks
6137:Categories
6017:Marocchino
5985:Espressino
5980:Cappuccino
5960:Bombardino
5862:Technology
5741:Historical
5574:Coffee bag
5493:Coffee cup
5432:Barley tea
5257:Raf coffee
5237:Marocchino
5227:Long black
5197:Kopi luwak
5137:Flat white
5127:Egg coffee
5092:Cappuccino
5067:Café Touba
4979:Percolator
4881:Chorreador
4801:Components
4733:Maragogipe
4619:Production
4590:Fair trade
4458:Bombardino
4443:Marocchino
4413:Caffelatte
4408:Cappuccino
4403:Espressino
4350:Frangelico
4325:Maraschino
4320:Bargnolino
4275:Limoncello
4111:Breadstick
4025:Semifreddo
3915:Cavallucci
3895:Cantuccini
3880:Buccellato
3875:Bruttiboni
3865:Bocconotto
3797:Tramezzino
3742:Panzerotti
3679:Scaloppine
3644:Parmigiana
3639:Panzanella
3589:Fiorentina
3529:Cacciatore
3489:Bruschetta
3449:Minestrone
3439:Acquacotta
3245:Neapolitan
2756:8 December
2483:Mr. Coffee
2453:2299/16547
1888:"Expresso"
1848:30 October
1838:"espresso"
1698:References
1478:Cappuccino
1466:Long black
1364:Cappuccino
1351:Long black
1138:multiplier
1123:extraction
1077:See also:
1038:Total fat
1017:9 bar ± 1
993:7 g ± 0,5
982:Parameter
925:flat white
909:cappuccino
894:emulsified
832:cappuccino
746:Precursors
496:The words
454:cappuccino
82:Introduced
39:L'Espresso
6078:ISSpresso
6027:Shakerato
6022:Mocaccino
6000:Ristretto
5950:Barbajada
5889:De'Longhi
5874:Caffitaly
5510:Demitasse
5437:Barleycup
5404:Latte art
5399:Kopi tiam
5369:CoffeeCon
5337:Lifestyle
5302:Yuenyeung
5267:Ristretto
5097:Carajillo
5017:Americano
4923:ristretto
4891:Cold brew
4851:AeroPress
4708:Bonifieur
4683:varieties
4585:Economics
4499:Trattoria
4453:Barbajada
4438:Mocaccino
4391:Ristretto
4355:Alchermes
4330:Sassolino
4204:Calabrian
4177:Varieties
4050:Struffoli
4005:Pignolata
3990:Panpepato
3975:Panettone
3870:Bombolone
3807:Sardenara
3710:al taglio
3669:Rollatini
3634:Porchetta
3574:Ciambotta
3569:Cassoeula
3559:Carpaccio
3534:Cacciucco
3499:Cotoletta
3494:Bruscitti
3474:Abbacchio
3454:Ribollita
3296:Carbonara
3260:Sardinian
3213:Arbëreshë
3203:Abruzzese
2923:437298903
2603:8 October
1692:Ristretto
1454:Americano
1430:Macchiato
1418:Ristretto
1373:Latte art
1338:Americano
1311:Macchiato
1298:Ristretto
1286:Espresso
1267:microfoam
1257:, either
1119:ristretto
1108:ristretto
1106:A double
1083:Ristretto
1073:Variables
1046:Caffeine
929:americano
871:suspended
632:café solo
620:cimbalino
572:exprimere
568:esprimere
562:for most
462:americano
292:Magnesium
246:Niacin (B
6143:Espresso
6088:Moka pot
5990:Espresso
5945:Affogato
5919:Rancilio
5869:Bialetti
5699:Roasters
5467:Maya nut
5242:Mazagran
5132:Espresso
5012:Affogato
4969:Moka pot
4964:Knockbox
4908:Espresso
4818:Caffeine
4808:Cafestol
4777:Racemosa
4763:Liberica
4433:Affogato
4381:Espresso
4345:Galliano
4315:Centerbe
4305:Amaretto
4265:Vermouth
4229:Venetian
4161:Vastedda
4131:Michetta
4116:Ciabatta
4106:Borlengo
4085:Zuccotto
4075:Zabaione
4060:Tiramisu
4035:Sorbetto
4010:Pizzelle
4000:Pastiera
3995:Parrozzo
3980:Panforte
3950:Marzipan
3925:Crostata
3792:Farinata
3762:Frittula
3752:Arancini
3727:Focaccia
3684:Timballo
3659:Rafanata
3649:Ossobuco
3604:Frittata
3579:Ciccioli
3539:Caponata
3509:Crostino
3484:Braciola
3270:Venetian
3265:Sicilian
3240:Lucanian
3223:Ligurian
3218:Corsican
2980:(1996).
2864:25 March
2707:29 April
2698:Archived
2675:29 April
2653:29 April
2621:(2018).
2409:19 April
1998:Archived
1978:Archived
1772:Archived
1768:30844154
1730:28 March
1724:Archived
1714:(2024).
1612:espresso
1601:Espresso
1590:See also
1207:Machines
882:caffeine
849:than in
697:expresso
693:espresso
680:Fowler's
676:espresso
672:expresso
664:espresso
660:expresso
644:expresso
636:expresso
556:espresso
552:expresso
506:espresso
482:espresso
429:Italian:
381:Espresso
344:Caffeine
322:Quantity
278:Quantity
272:Minerals
215:Quantity
209:Vitamins
45:Espresso
6053:Barista
6037:Moretta
5955:Bicerin
5894:Elektra
5879:Cimbali
5712:Lavazza
5452:Chicory
5344:Barista
5262:Red eye
5247:Moretta
5112:Cortado
5032:Bicerin
4833:Kahweol
4784:Robusta
4738:Molokai
4713:Bourbon
4698:Benguet
4692:Arabica
4678:Species
4595:History
4504:Enoteca
4494:Osteria
4467:Related
4448:Bicerin
4340:Rosolio
4285:Campari
4255:Sambuca
4214:Lombard
4209:Friulan
4199:Abruzzo
4156:Taralli
4080:Zeppole
4065:Torrone
4055:Tartufo
4045:Spumoni
3970:Pandoro
3940:Granita
3900:Cassata
3890:Cannoli
3833:Cheeses
3812:Scaccia
3802:Zippuli
3782:Piadina
3767:Panelle
3747:Crocchè
3737:Calzone
3664:Risotto
3654:Orzotto
3629:Polenta
3233:Mantuan
3228:Lombard
3208:Apulian
3165:History
3123:. 1996.
2493:21 June
2354:4 April
2273:10 July
2248:10 July
1915:18 July
1822:8 April
1778:21 June
1573:sambuca
1259:steamed
1195:normale
1184:normale
1180:normale
1176:normale
1171:normale
1167:stretto
1127:normale
971:Tamping
965:barista
935:Process
898:colloid
703:History
593:
528:
498:express
490:quickly
175:Protein
64:, Italy
6005:Doppio
5938:Drinks
5904:Gaggia
5831:People
5646:
5498:sleeve
5472:Postum
5252:Oliang
5157:Garoto
4913:doppio
4871:Chemex
4861:Jebena
4769:Barako
4748:Sagada
4718:Geisha
4578:Topics
4571:Coffee
4396:Doppio
4369:Coffee
4335:Strega
4310:Nocino
4290:Aperol
4280:Fernet
4270:Spritz
4250:Grappa
4224:Tuscan
4151:Sgabeo
4126:Filone
4099:Breads
3965:Neccio
3935:Gelato
3885:Budino
3845:Salumi
3777:Panino
3757:Supplì
3594:Fondue
3444:Bagnun
3109:
3087:
3065:
3046:
3011:
2992:
2966:
2921:
2911:
2804:
2732:
2629:
2581:8 June
2310:9 July
2221:
2194:
2149:
2122:
2095:
1766:
1756:
1682:Doppio
1569:grappa
1565:brandy
1281:Notes
1232:Gaggia
1150:triplo
1142:doppio
1129:, and
1097:doppio
1085:, and
1079:Doppio
1064:Roasts
985:Value
927:, and
836:lattes
791:Spread
666:. The
658:calls
616:Lisbon
599:coffee
515:Gaggia
502:expres
460:, and
438:coffee
347:212 mg
331:97.8 g
257:5.2 mg
240:0.2 mg
111:Energy
58:comune
6046:Other
5995:Lungo
5924:Saeco
5914:Lelit
5899:Faema
5562:Misc.
5515:spoon
5505:Cezve
5477:Qishr
5232:Lungo
5217:Latte
5187:Karsk
5152:Galão
4918:lungo
4896:nitro
4876:Cezve
4509:Sagra
4386:Lungo
4376:Caffè
4360:Aurum
4300:Amaro
4295:Cynar
4260:Mirto
4170:Wines
4020:Seada
3705:Pizza
3599:Frico
3421:Soups
3301:Pesto
3286:Pasta
3255:Roman
2775:(PDF)
2701:(PDF)
2694:(PDF)
2429:(PDF)
1687:Lungo
1571:, or
1554:vodka
1442:Lungo
1325:Lungo
1275:Type
1225:Home
1140:term
1131:lungo
1087:Lungo
624:Porto
585:caffè
458:latte
443:crema
417:
328:Water
299:80 mg
90:Color
76:Italy
5929:Smeg
5707:illy
5527:Zarf
5462:Inka
5442:Caro
5192:Kopi
5027:Bica
4790:Sulu
4743:S795
4723:Kona
4680:and
4245:Beer
4187:DOCG
3856:List
3465:List
3306:Ragù
3290:List
3107:ISBN
3085:ISBN
3063:ISBN
3044:ISBN
3009:ISBN
2990:ISBN
2964:ISBN
2919:OCLC
2909:ISBN
2866:2018
2802:ISBN
2783:2013
2758:2013
2730:ISBN
2709:2011
2677:2011
2655:2011
2627:ISBN
2605:2014
2583:2013
2495:2015
2411:2009
2381:2021
2356:2019
2312:2024
2275:2024
2250:2024
2219:ISBN
2192:ISBN
2147:ISBN
2120:ISBN
2093:ISBN
1917:2023
1850:2009
1824:2021
1780:2024
1764:PMID
1754:ISBN
1732:2024
1552:and
1263:foam
1255:milk
1159:solo
1155:solo
1148:and
1146:solo
873:and
851:pubs
803:and
650:and
618:and
611:bica
606:café
590:lit.
525:lit.
504:and
488:and
339:0 mg
85:1901
4192:DOC
4182:IGT
3838:PDO
2449:hdl
2441:doi
1720:FDA
614:in
297:19%
283:%DV
255:33%
238:15%
220:%DV
182:0.1
158:0.2
151:Fat
6139::
3030:,
3026:,
2939:.
2917:.
2857:.
2834:^
2824:.
2481:.
2447:.
2435:.
2431:.
2397:.
2372:.
2347:.
2328:.
2303:.
2266:.
2241:.
2169:.
2016:.
1937:.
1925:^
1908:.
1890:.
1840:.
1814:.
1796:.
1770:.
1762:.
1722:.
1718:.
1567:,
1081:,
931:.
923:,
917:,
911:,
907:,
574:;
500:,
492::
456:,
445:.
427:,
411:oʊ
134:0.
5683:e
5676:t
5669:v
4563:e
4556:t
4549:v
3858:)
3467:)
3292:)
3288:(
3150:e
3143:t
3136:v
3115:.
3093:.
3071:.
3052:.
3017:.
2998:.
2972:.
2925:.
2868:.
2810:.
2785:.
2760:.
2738:.
2711:.
2679:.
2657:.
2635:.
2607:.
2585:.
2497:.
2455:.
2451::
2443::
2437:8
2413:.
2383:.
2358:.
2332:.
2314:.
2277:.
2252:.
2227:.
2200:.
2155:.
2128:.
2101:.
2050:.
1941:.
1919:.
1894:.
1877:.
1852:.
1826:.
1782:.
1734:.
1192:,
1188:,
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596:'
588:(
576:x
564:x
560:s
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531:'
523:(
414:/
408:s
405:ɛ
402:r
399:p
396:s
393:ˈ
390:ɛ
387:/
383:(
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250:)
248:3
233:)
231:2
41:.
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