Erasmus - Knowledge

6565: 7453: 7399: 8588:"He was a reformer in the best sense, as so many far-seeing and spiritual-minded churchmen of those days were. He desired to better and beautify and perfect the system he found in vogue, and he had the courage of his convictions to point out what he thought stood in need of change and improvement, but he was no iconoclast; he had no desire to pull down or root up or destroy under the plea of improvement. That he remained to the last the friend of Popes and bishops and other orthodox churchmen, is the best evidence, over and above his own words, that his real sentiments were not misunderstood by men who had the interests of the Church at heart, and who looked upon him as true and loyal, if perhaps a somewhat eccentric and caustic son of Holy Church. Even in his last sickness he received from the Pope proof of his esteem, for he was given a benefice of considerable value." 3838: 7261: 4112:, frequently draw connections between many of Erasmus' convictions and his early biography: esteem for the married state and appropriate marriages, support for priestly marriage, concern for improving marriage prospects for females, opposition to inconsiderate rules notably institutional dietary rules, a desire to make education engaging for the participants, interest in classical languages, horror of poverty and spiritual hopelessness, distaste for friars begging when they could study or work, unwillingness to be under the direct control of authorities, laicism, the need for those in authority to act in the best interest of their charges, a prizing of mercy and peace, an anger over unnecessary war especially between avaricious princes, an awareness of mortality, etc. 7381: 7342: 1024: 6127: 4764: 3448: 6432: 5915: 4595:(1530), as the "reckless and extravagant" Pope Leo X had in previous decades promoted going on the offensive with a new crusade. Erasmus re-worked Luther's rhetoric that the invading Turks represent God's judgment of decadent Christendom, but without Luther's fatalism: Erasmus not only accused Western leaders of kingdom-threatening hypocrisy, he proposed a remedy: anti-expansionist moral reforms by Europe's disunited leaders as a necessary unitive political step before any aggressive warfare against the Ottoman threat, reforms which might themselves, if sincere, prevent both the internecine and foreign warfare. 3144: 8405:, the leading Thomist of his age, who had become a friendly correspondent of Erasmus and had moved to bibliocentrism, progressively producing his own commentaries on the New Testament and most of the Old. Erasmus was initially sceptical of Cajetan, blaming him for taking a too-hard line against Luther, however he was won over in 1521 after reading Cajetan's works on the Eucharist, Confession and invocation of the saints. In 1530, Cajetan proposed that concessions be made to Germany to allow communion under both kinds and married clergy, in full sympathy with Erasmus' spirit of mediation. 3352: 4013: 7826:

as "an order midway between monks and (secular priests) amphibians, like the beaver and the crocodile". Also "for the so-called Canons formerly were not monks, and now they are an intermediate class: monks where it is an advantage to be so; not monks where it is not". The kind of world-involved, devout, scholarly, loyal, humanistic, non-monkish, non-mendicant, non-ceremonial, voluntaristic religious order without notions of spiritual perfection that may have suited Erasmus better arose soon after his death, perhaps in response to the ethos Erasmus shared: notably the

2873: 3067: 7482:, the Archbishop of Canterbury. (Writing in a letter to Warham regarding the gift portrait, Erasmus quipped that "he might have something of Erasmus should God call him from this place.") Erasmus spoke favourably of Holbein as an artist and person but was later critical, accusing him of sponging off various patrons whom Erasmus had recommended, for purposes more of monetary gain than artistic endeavor. There were scores of copies of these portraits made in Erasmus' time. Holbein's 1532 profile woodcut was particularly lauded by those who knew Erasmus. 4457: 7437: 9185:"I have never broken off a friendship with anyone because he was either more inclined towards Luther or more against Luther than I was. My disposition is naturally such that I could love even a Jew, provided he were in other respects an agreeable person to live with and friendly, and provided he did not vomit blasphemies against Christ in my hearing. And this courteous approach can, I believe, do more towards ending strifethe ties of friendship I do not readily abandon to please anyone." Letter to John Botzheim, quoted in 1153:), with a fellow canon, Servatius Rogerus, and wrote a series of love letters in which he called Rogerus "half my soul", writing that "it was not for the sake of reward or out of a desire for any favour that I have wooed you both unhappily and relentlessly. What is it then? Why, that you love him who loves you." This correspondence contrasts with the generally detached and much more restrained attitude he usually showed in his later life, though he had a capacity to form and maintain deep male friendships, such as with 938: 6863:

Christology of Erasmus is the affirmation of the full incarnation of Christ in human existence, abstaining as much as possible from docetic insulation of the divine from the struggles of human experience, in order to highlight the redemptive capacity of Christ for the transformation of human life. With that, the ethical capstone of Erasmus’ reflections on Christ centers on the responsibility to imitate Christ’s love for others, and thus for advancing the cause of peace in personal and social life.

3571: 4731: 24952: 9055:"I do not deny that I wrote some harsh things in order to deter the Christians from the madness of war, because I saw that these wars,which we witnessed for too many years, are the source of the biggest part of evils which damage Christendom. Therefore, it was necessary to come forward not only against these deeds, which are clearly criminal, but also against other actions, which are almost impossible to do without committing many crimes." Apology against Albert Pío 24958: 4756: 23457: 21208: 20937: 1961: 8691:'. After the payment of all outstanding claims, the sum in the hands of Bonifacius and the two Basel executors amounted to 5,000 florins. This sum was invested in a loan to the duchy of Württemberg that yielded an annual income of 250 florins. The greater part of this sum became a fund to provide scholarships for students at the University of Basel (in theology, law, and medicine); the rest went into a fund devoted to the assistance of the poor." In 7162: 23447: 10062:"I find that in comparison with the Fathers of the Church our present-day theologians are a pathetic group. Most of them lack the elegance, the charm of language, and the style of the Fathers. Content with Aristotle, they treat the mysteries of revelation in the tangled fashion of the logician. Excluding the Platonists from their commentaries, they strangle the beauty of revelation." 2326: 2264: 2216: 1940: 21131: 1089: 4772: 24964: 2074: 1667: 27034: 25621: 20961: 20949: 5764: 2340: 2333: 2271: 2257: 2243: 2045: 1866: 1816: 1807: 1770: 4648:(written against efforts in the local synagogue to re-convert Christians) —which go further than deprecating re-judaizing tendencies within Christianity but set the pattern for later Christian antisemitism by portraying Jews as collectively the murderers of Christ— and by several miscellaneous comments by Erasmus. Biographer James Tracy points to the antisemitic edge in Erasmus' uncharacteristically vituperative comments against 2423: 2288: 2174: 2118: 2110: 2067: 1750: 1714: 1614: 68: 20871: 2401: 2250: 2188: 2181: 2150: 2142: 2133: 2088: 2031: 1975: 1875: 1845: 1721: 1634: 8182:"We ﬁnd in the New Testament that fasting was observed by Christians and praised by the apostles, but I do not remember reading that it was prescribed with certain rites. These things are not mentioned so that any ceremonies that the church has instituted concerning clothing, fasting or similar matters should be despised, but to show that Christ and his apostles were more concerned with things pertaining to salvation." 3827: 3669: 2394: 2364: 2319: 2312: 2280: 2223: 2126: 2081: 2038: 1968: 1954: 1947: 1919: 1883: 1859: 1852: 1824: 1800: 1777: 1743: 1674: 1660: 1012:. For the first time in Europe north of the Alps, Greek was taught at a lower level than a university and this is where he began learning it. His education there ended when plague struck the city about 1483, and his mother, who had moved to provide a home for her sons, died from the infection; then his father. Following the death of his parents, as well as 20 fellow students at his school, he moved back to his 2860:, Duke of Burgundy and later King of Castille: the first half being the conventional extravagant praise, but the second half being a strong treatment of the miseries of war, the need for neutrality and concilliation (with the neighbours France and England), and the excellence of peaceful rulers: that real courage in a leader was not to wage war but to put a bridle on greed, etc. This was later published as 2371: 2209: 2024: 2003: 1996: 1912: 1905: 1694: 1641: 4619: 25633: 5776: 3633:

production team, he had his own householdwith a formidable housekeeper, stable of horses, and up to eight boarders or paid servants: who acted as assistants, correctors, amanuenses, dining companions, international couriers, and carers. It was his habit to sit at times by a ground-floor window, to make it easier to see and be seen by strolling humanists for chatting.

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Sentimental friendships were as much in vogue in secular circles during the fifteenth century as towards the end of the eighteenth century. Each court had its pairs of friends, who dressed alike, and shared room, bed, and heart. Nor was this cult of fervent friendship restricted to the sphere of aristocratic life. It was among the specific characteristics of the

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endure or turn to the good; they have not the use of oaths, since they neither distrust nor deceive anyone; they know not the hunger for money, since their treasure is in heaven, nor do they itch for empty glory, since they refer all things to the glory of Christ.…these are the new teachings of our founder, such as no school of philosophy has ever brought forth.

5989:, but few had interfered with his activities. He believed that his work so far had commended itself to the best minds and also to the dominant powers in the religious world. Erasmus chose to write in Latin (and Greek), the languages of scholars. He did not build a large body of supporters in the unlettered; his critiques reached a small but elite audience. 4453:. Concord demanded unity and assent: Erasmus was anti-sectarian as well as non-sectarian. To follow the law of love, our intellects must be humble and friendly when making any assertions: he called contention "earthly, beastly, demonic" and a good-enough reason to reject a teacher or their followers. In Melanchthon's view, Erasmus taught charity not faith. 6150:

forbade his publisher Froben from handling the works of Luther and tried to keep the reform movement focused on institutional rather than theological issues, yet he also privately wrote to authorities to prevent Luther's persecution. In the words of one historian, "at this earlier period he was more concerned with the fate of Luther than his theology."

5858: 4543:, Erasmus lobbied diplomatically for toleration: "If the sects could be tolerated under certain conditions (as the Bohemians pretend), it would, I admit, be a grievous misfortune, but one more endurable than war." But the same dedication to avoiding conflict and bloodshed should be shown by those tempted to join (anti-popist) sects: 9344:"The Jews" (i.e. the earliest Jewish Christians in Antioch) "because of a certain human tendency, desire(d) to force their own rites upon everyone, clearly in order under this pretext to enhance their own importance. For each one wishes that the things which he himself has taught should appear as outstanding." Erasmus, 4178:, Erasmus metonymizes that we should "kill the Turk, not the man.If we really want to heave the Turks from our necks, we must first expel from our hearts a more loathsome race of Turks: avarice, ambition, the craving for power, self-satisfaction, impiety, extravagance, the love of pleasure, deceitfulness, anger, hatred, envy." 7050:

vast number of Latin and Greek publications included translations, paraphrases, letters, textbooks, plays for schoolboys, commentary, poems, liturgies, satires, sermons, and prayers. A large number of his later works were defences of his earlier work from attacks by Catholic and Protestant theological and literary opponents.

10465:"Erasmus is so thoroughly, radically Christ-centered in his understanding of both Christian faith and practice that if we overlook or downplay this key aspect of his character and vision, we not only do him a grave disservice but we almost completely misunderstand him." 4693:, were intrigued by Jewish mysticism, Erasmus came to dislike it: "I see them as a nation full of most tedious fabrications, who spread a kind of fog over everything, Talmud, Cabbala, Tetragrammaton, Gates of Light, words, words, words. I would rather have Christ mixed up with Scotus than with that rubbish of theirs." 3735: 6111:), justification by imputation, grace as favour or clemency, faith as hoping trust, human transformation over reformation, congregation over church, mystery over sacrament, etc. In Erasmus' view, they went too far, downplayed Sacred Tradition such as Patristic interpretations, and irresponsibly fomented bloodshed. 6783:, Erasmus wrote that the orator, preacher or teacher must "adapt their discourse to the characteristics of their audience"; this made pastoral care the "art of arts". Erasmus wrote that most of his original works, from satires to paraphrases, were essentially the same themes packaged for different audiences. 9966:, summarized as: "Aristotle was spiritually deficient, because although he could define virtue, his words lacked the power to motivate men to lead virtuous lives. It was not possible to know God adequately in this life, but it was possible to love him, which made virtue far more important than knowledge." 9046:"Desiderius Erasmus, Thomas More and John Coletbetween them in the first three decades of the sixteenth century, ushered in not only humanism – an ethically sanctioned guide for practical, humanitarian ways of living in society – but also the formation of a group that might be called a ‘peace movement’." 3101:). From Aldus he learned the in-person workflow that made him productive at Froben: making last-minute changes, and immediately checking and correcting printed page proofs as soon as the ink had dried. Aldus wrote that Erasmus could do twice as much work in a given time as any other man he had ever met. 9384:

According to historian Thomas Tentler, few Christians from his century gave as much emphasis as Erasmus to a pious attitude to death: the terrors of death are "closely connected to guilt from sin and fear of punishment" the antidote to which is first "trust in Christ and His ability to forgive sins",

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According to historian Jan van Herwaarden, it is consistent with Erasmus' view that outward signs were not important; what mattered is the believer's direct relationship with God. However, van Herwaarden states that "he did not dismiss the rites and sacraments out of hand but asserted a dying person

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In a few hours, they cleansed churches of idolatry by smashing statues, rood-screens, lights, altar paintings – everything they could lay their hands on, including Hans Holbein the Younger’s work. the hang-man lit nine ﬁres in front of the Minster It was, lamented, as though these objects ‘had been

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This is a non-mendicant order of clerics which followed the looser Rule of St Augustine, who do not withdraw from the world, and who take a vow of Stability binding them to a House in addition to the usual Poverty (common life, simplicity), Chastity and Obedience. Erasmus described the Canons Regular

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Erasmus was the most popular, most printed and arguably most influential author of the early sixteenth century, read in all nations in the West and frequently translated. By the 1530s, his writings accounted for 10-20% of book sales in Europe. "Undoubtedly he was the most read author of his age." His

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Luther hoped for his cooperation in a work which seemed only the natural outcome of Erasmus' own, and spoke with admiration of Erasmus's superior learning. In their early correspondence, Luther expressed boundless admiration for all Erasmus had done in the cause of a sound and reasonable Christianity

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Noting Luther's criticisms of corruption in the Church, Erasmus described Luther to Pope Leo X as "a mighty trumpet of gospel truth" while agreeing, "It is clear that many of the reforms for which Luther calls" (e.g., the sale of indulgences) "are urgently needed." However, behind the scenes Erasmus

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Alastor: "Because they get more by those that die, than those that live. There are last Wills and Testaments, Funeral Obsequies, Bulls, and a great many other Articles of no despicable Profit. And in the last Place, they had rather live in a Camp, than in their Cells. War breeds a great many Bishops,

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Alastor, an evil spirit: "They are a certain Sort of Animals in black and white Vestments, Ash-colour'd Coats, and various other Dresses, that are always hovering about the Courts of Princes, and are continually instilling into their Ears the Love of War, and exhorting the Nobility and common People

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Erasmus was extremely critical of the warlike way of important European princes of his era, including some princes of the church. He described these princes as corrupt and greedy. Erasmus believed that these princes "collude in a game, of which the outcome is to exhaust and oppress the commonwealth".

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After his glorious reception in Italy, Erasmus had returned broke and jobless, with strained relations with former friends and benefactors on the continent, and he regretted leaving Italy, despite being horrified by papal warfare. There is a gap in his usually voluminous correspondence: his so-called

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of St. Augustine there in late 1488 at age 19 (or 22). Historian Fr. Aiden Gasquet later wrote: "One thing, however, would seem to be quite clear; he could never have had any vocation for the religious life. His whole subsequent history shows this unmistakably." According to one Catholic biographer,

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Erasmus was given the highest education available to a young man of his day, in a series of monastic or semi-monastic schools. In 1476, at the age of 6 (or 9), his family moved to Gouda and he started at the school of Pieter Winckel, who later became his guardian (and, perhaps, squandered Erasmus and

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was to warn Christians and the Church of moral deterioration and to exhort them to change their ways.... Erasmus’ objection to crusades was by no means an overall opposition to fighting the Turks. Rather, Erasmus harshly condemned embezzlement and corrupt fundraising, and the Church's involvement in

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about Warham: "I wrote this in sorrow and grief, my mind totally devastated… We had made a vow to die together; he had promised a common grave…I am held back here half-alive, still owing the debt from the vow I had made, which …I will soon pay. …Instead, even time, which is supposed to cure even the

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Even in good times, Erasmus had a "frequent inability to understand the details of his own finances" which caused him disappointment and suspicion. His finances as late as 1530 have been described as "bewilderingly complicated" with multiple small income sources being managed with varying degrees of

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the “ceremonies” Erasmus criticizes are not the liturgical rites of the Church, but the special devotions and prescriptions added to them, particularly those related to food and clothing, which became binding in particular religious orders and more generally, under threat of excommunication and even

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This was his entry to the European network of Latin secretaries, who were usually humanists, and so to their career path: a promising secretary could be appointed tutor to some aristocratic boy, when that boy reached power they were frequent kept on as a trusted counselor, and finally moved over to

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Erasmus has a problematic standing in the history of philosophy: whether he should be called a philosopher at all, (as, indeed, some question whether he should be considered a theologian either.) Erasmus deemed himself to be a rhetorician or grammarian rather than a philosopher. He was particularly

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I know nothing of your church; at the very least it contains people who will, I fear, overturn the whole system and drive the princes into using force to restrain good men and bad alike. The gospel, the word of God, faith, Christ, and Holy Spirit – these words are always on their lips; look at their

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On the subject of slavery, Erasmus characteristically treated it in passing under the topic of tyranny: Christians were not allowed to be tyrants, which slave-owning required, but especially not to be the masters of other Christians. Erasmus had various other piecemeal arguments against slavery: for

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From 1500, he avoided returning to the canonry at Stein even insisting the diet and hours would kill him, though he did stay with other Augustinian communities and at monasteries of other orders in his travels. Rogerus, who became prior at Stein in 1504, and Erasmus corresponded over the years, with

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was along the lines that his parents were engaged, with the formal marriage blocked by his relatives (presumably a young widow or unmarried mother with a child was not an advantageous match); his father went to Italy to study Latin and Greek, and the relatives misled Gerard that Margaretha had died,

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Historical theologian Carl Meyer writes "Because the Scriptures are the genuine oracles of God, welling forth from the deepest recesses of the divine mind, Erasmus said they should be approached with reverence. Humility and veneration are needed to find the secret chambers of eternal wisdom. "Stoop

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of 1526 and a preliminary charcoal sketch. Concerning the former Erasmus was unimpressed, declaring it an unfavorable likeness of him, perhaps because around 1525 he was suffering severely from kidney stones. Nevertheless, Erasmus and Dürer maintained a close friendship, with Dürer going so far as

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Thus indeed have writers religiously vied to proclaim you, on the one hand inspired prophets, on the other eloquent Doctors of the church, both filled with the same spirit, as the former foretold your coming in joyful oracles before your birth and the latter heaped prayerful praise on you when you

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Yet these ancient fathers were they who confuted both the Jews and Heathens ; they confuted them (I say), yet by their lives and miracles, rather than by words and syllogisms; and the persons they thus proselyted were downright honest, well meaning people, such as understood plain sense better than

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A common accusation, supposedly started by antagonistic monk-theologians, made Erasmus responsible for Martin Luther and the Reformation: "Erasmus laid the egg, and Luther hatched it." Erasmus wittily dismissed the charge, claiming that Luther had "hatched a different bird entirely". Erasmus-reader

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We are dealing with this: Would a stable mind depart from the opinion handed down by so many men famous for holiness and miracles, depart from the decisions of the Church, and commit our souls to the faith of someone like you who has sprung up just now with a few followers, although the leading men

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He was scandalized by superstitions, such as that if you were buried in a Franciscan habit you would go direct to heaven. crime and child novices. He advocated various reforms, including a ban on taking orders until the 30th year, the closure of corrupt and smaller monasteries, respect for bishops,

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In theologian Louis Bouyer's interpretation, Erasmus' agenda was "to reform the Church from within by a renewal of biblical theology, based on philological study of the New Testament text, and supported by a knowledge of patristics, itself renewed by the same methods. The final object of it all was

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By and large, the miraculous real change that interested Erasmus the author more than that of the bread is the transformation in the humble partaker. Erasmus wrote several notable pastoral books or pamphlets on sacraments, always looking through rather than at the rituals or forms: on marriage and

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as historian John Bossy (as summarized by Eamon Duffy) puts it: "medieval Christianity had been fundamentally concerned with the creation and maintenance of peace in a violent world. “Christianity” in medieval Europe denoted neither an ideology nor an institution, but a community of believers whose

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Christ the heavenly teacher has founded a new people on earth,…Having eyes without guile, these folk know no spite or envy; having freely castrated themselves, and aiming at a life of angels while in the flesh, they know no unchaste lust; they know not divorce, since there is no evil they will not

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According to historian Christopher Ocker, the early reformers "needed tools that let their theological distinctions pose as commonplaces in a textual theology; Erasmus provided the tools" but this tendentious distinction-making, reminiscent of the recent excesses of Scholasticism to Erasmus' eyes,

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You declaim bitterly against the luxury of priests, the ambition of bishops, the tyranny of the Roman Pontiff, and the babbling of the sophists; against our prayers, fasts, and Masses; and you are not content to retrench the abuses that may be in these things, but must needs abolish them entirely.

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By 1523, and first suggested in a letter from Henry VIII, Erasmus had been convinced that Luther's ideas on necessity/free will were a subject of core disagreement deserving a public airing, and strategized with friends and correspondents on how to respond with proper moderation without making the

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were later treated by Protestants as objective reports of near-universal corruption. Furthermore, "what is said over a glass of wine, ought not to be remembered and written down as a serious statement of belief," such as his proposal to marry all monks to all nuns or to send them all away to fight

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Many of his works contain diatribes against supposed monastic corruption and careerism, and particularly against the mendicant friars (Franciscans and Dominicans): these orders also typically ran the university Scholastic theology programs from whose ranks came his most dangerous enemies. The more

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with almost a sole focus on Europe. In 1516, Erasmus wrote "it is the part of a Christian prince to regard no one as an outsider unless he is a nonbeliever, and even on them he should inflict no harm", which entails not attacking outsiders, not taking their riches, not subjecting them to political

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insurrections in Germany and in the Low Countries, iconoclasm, and the radicalisation of peasants across Europe. If these were the outcomes of reform, Erasmus was thankful that he had kept out of it. Yet he was ever more bitterly accused of having started the whole "tragedy" (as Erasmus dubbed the

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but resented the harsh rules and strict methods of the religious brothers and educators. The two brothers made an agreement that they would resist the clergy but attend the university; Erasmus longed to study in Italy, the birthplace of Latin, and have a degree from an Italian university. Instead,

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in 1483. His only sibling Peter might have been born in 1463, and some writers suggest Margaret was a widow and Peter was the half-brother of Erasmus; Erasmus on the other side called him his brother. There were legal and social restrictions on the careers and opportunities open to the children of

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Similarly, John Monfasani reminds us that Erasmus never claimed to be a philosopher, was not trained as a philosopher, and wrote no explicit works of philosophy, although he repeatedly engaged in controversies that crossed the boundary from philosophy to theology. His relation to philosophy bears

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In Huizinga's view: "Out of the letters to Servatius there rises the picture of an Erasmus whom we shall never find again—a young man of more than feminine sensitiveness; of a languishing need for sentimental friendship. This exuberant friendship accords quite well with the times and the person.

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painted him at least three times and perhaps as many as seven, some of the Holbein portraits of Erasmus surviving only in copies by other artists. Holbein's three profile portraits – two (nearly identical) profile portraits and one three-quarters-view portrait – were all painted in the same year,

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He often set himself the challenge of formulating positive, moderate, non-superstitious versions of contemporary Catholic practices that might be more acceptable both to scandalized Catholics and Protestants of good will: the better attitudes to the sacraments, saints, Mary, indulgences, statues,

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Look around on this 'Evangelical' generation, and observe whether amongst them less indulgence is given to luxury, lust, or avarice, than amongst those whom you so detest. Show me any one person who by that Gospel has been reclaimed from drunkenness to sobriety, from fury and passion to meekness,

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to which both the Bishop of Augsburg and the Papal legate Campeggio had invited him, and he expressed doubt on non-theological grounds, to Campeggio and Melanchthon, that reconciliation was then possible: he wrote to Campeggio "I can discern no way out of this enormous tragedy unless God suddenly

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is governed by three favorite themes that recur in other works of Erasmus. First, war is naturally wrongSecond, Christianity forbids warThird, “just cause” in war will be claimed by both sides and will be next to impossible to determine fairly: hence, the traditional criteria of the just war are

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A Sceptic is not someone who doesn't care to know what is true or false…but rather someone who does not make a final decision easily or fight to the death for his own opinion, but rather accepts as probable what someone else accepts as certain…I explicitly exclude from Scepticism whatever is set

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In 1521 he settled in Basel. He was weary of the controversies and hostility at Louvain, and feared being dragged further into the Lutheran controversy. He agreed to be the Froben press' literary superintendent writing dedications and prefaces for an annuity and profit share. Apart from Froben's

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in boxes that accompanied him. When assembling a new book, he would go through the topics and cross out commonplace notes as he used them. This catalog of research notes allowed him to rapidly create books, though woven from the same topics. Towards the end of his life, as he lost dexterity, he

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For example, "peacemaking" is a possible topic in any Christian theology; but for Erasmus, from the Beatitude, it must be a starting-, reference- and ending-point when discussing all other theological notions, such as church authority, the Trinity, etc. Moreover, Christian theology must only be

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Since the Gospels become in effect like sacraments, for Erasmus reading them becomes a form of prayer which is spoiled by taking single sentences in isolation and using them as syllogisms. Instead, learning to understand the context, genres and literary expression in the New Testament becomes a

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Erasmus held that academics must avoid philosophical factionalism as an offense against Christian concord, in order to "make the whole world Christian." Indeed, Erasmus thought that Scholastic philosophy actually distracted participants from their proper focus on immediate morality, unless used

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which he regarded as one of his purposes in life. Only as an independent scholar could he hope to influence the reform of religion. When Erasmus declined to support him, the "straightforward" Luther became angered that Erasmus was avoiding the responsibility due either to cowardice or a lack of

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Erasmus "constantly and consistently" opposed the mooted idea of a Christian "universal monarch" with an over-extended empire, who could supposedly defeat the Ottoman forces: such universalism did not "hold any promise of generating less conflict than the existing political plurality;" instead,

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Erasmus left London with a full purse from his generous friends, to allow him to complete his studies. However, he had been provided with bad legal advice by his friends: the English Customs officials confiscated all the gold and silver, leaving him with nothing except a night fever that lasted

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calls them "victims of Dominic and Francis and Benedict"): Erasmus felt he had belonged to this class, joining "voluntarily but not freely" and so considered himself, if not morally bound by his vows, certainly legally, socially and honour- bound to keep them, yet to look for his true vocation.

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Mansfield summarizes Robert Kleinhan that "In contrast to contemporary theologies which centred on grace (Luther) or church and sacraments (the Council of Trent), Erasmus' theology 'stressed the acquisition of peace through the virtue obtainable by union with Christ through meditation upon the

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According to historian Jamie Gianoutsos, Erasmus was not cherry-picking, in the way of St Augustine's 'spoiling the Egyptians,' i.e., acquiring what is valuable from the pagan heritage for the benefit of Christianity. "Erasmus, in contrast, had expressed reserve and even cautious criticism for

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Historian Julian Haseldine has noted that medieval monks used charged expressions of friendship with the same emotional content regardless of how well-known the person was to them: so this language was sometimes "instrumental" rather than "affective." However, in this case we have Erasmus' own

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What Erasmus contributes to discussions of the divinity of Christ is a counsel of restraint in metaphysical speculation, an accent on the revelatory breadth of the eternal Word of God, and an invitation to think of Christ incarnate as the eloquent oration of God. But the central impulse of the

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to give seed money to students and the needy; he had received dispensations (from Ferdinand Archduke of Austria, and from Emperor Charles V in 1530) to make a will rather than have his wealth revert to his order (the Chapter of Sion), or to the state, and had long pre-sold most of his personal

3218:

Erasmus suffered from poor health and was especially concerned with heating, clean air, ventilation, draughts, fresh food and unspoiled wine: he complained about the draughtiness of English buildings. He complained that Queens' College could not supply him with enough decent wine (wine was the

952:

The year of Erasmus' birth is unclear: in later life he calculated his age as if born in 1466, but frequently his remembered age at major events actually implies 1469. (This article currently gives 1466 as the birth year. To handle this disagreement, ages are given first based on 1469, then in

10533:

I.e., Erasmus' method is that Jesus' primary teachings are not things you (whether lay person or theologian) interpret in the light of everything else (particularly some novel, post-patristic theological schema, even if ostensibly biblically coherent), but what you base your interpretation of

8524:

most grievous sorrows, merely makes this wound more and more painful. What more can I say? I feel that I am being called. I will be glad to die here together with that incomparable and irrevocable patron of mine, provided I am allowed, by the mercy of Christ, to live there together with him."

8338:

By 1524, his disciples included, in his words, "the (Holy Roman) Emperor, the Kings of England, France, and Denmark, Prince Ferdinand of Germany, the Cardinal of England, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and more princes, more bishops, more learned and honourable men than I can name, not only in

5949:

According to historian C. Scott Dixon, Erasmus' not only criticized church failings but questioned many of his Church's basic teachings; however, according to biographer Erika Rummel, "Erasmus was aiming at the correction of abuses rather than at doctrinal innovation or institutional change."

4634:

could not be sustained in Erasmus' public writings. Erasmus claimed not to be personally xenophobic: "For I am of such a nature that I could love even a Jew, were he a pleasant companion and did not spew out blasphemy against Christ" however Markish suggests that it is probable Erasmus never

4547:"Perhaps evil rulers should sometimes be tolerated. We owe some respect to the memory of those whose places we think of them as occupying. Their titles have some claim on us. We should not seek to put matters right if there is a real possibility that the cure may prove worse than the disease." 7057:(2023) runs to 444 entries (120 pages), almost all from the latter half of his life. He usually wrote books in particular classical literary genres with their different rhetorical conventions: complaint, diatribe, dialogue, encomium, epistle, commentary, liturgy, sermon, etc. His letter to 6684:

You must realize that 'philosopher' does not mean someone who is clever at dialectics or science but someone who rejects illusory appearance and undauntedly seeks out and follows what is true and good. Being a philosopher is in practice the same as being a Christian; only the terminology is

4487:

It was the duty of the leaders of this (reforming) movement, if Christ was their goal, to refrain not only from vice, but even from every appearance of evil; and to offer not the slightest stumbling block to the Gospel, studiously avoiding even practices which, although allowed, are yet not

7329:

From 1505, and certainly after 1517, he dressed as a scholar-priest. He preferred warm and soft garments: according to one source, he arranged for his clothing to be stuffed with fur to protect him against the cold, and his habit counted with a collar of fur which usually covered his nape.

6276:

and other works, which Luther ignored. Apart from the perceived moral failings among followers of the Reformers—an important sign for Erasmus—he also dreaded any change in doctrine, citing the long history of the Church as a bulwark against innovation. He put the matter bluntly to Luther:

4187:

When Erasmus wrote of 'Judaism,' he most frequently (though not always) was not referring to Jews: instead he referred to those Catholic Christians of his time, especially in the monastic lifestyle, who mistakenly promoted excessive external ritualism over interior piety, by analogy with

7964:

about an earlier teenage infatuation with a "Cantellius": "It is not uncommon at age to conceive passionate attachments for some of your companions". However, he allows "That these same letters, which run the gamut of love's emotions, are undoubtedly also literary exercises—rhetorical

8246:

p.624. It may also show the practical difficulty of being dispensed from wearing the habit of his order without being entirely dispensed from his vow of poverty: indeed, Erasmus had said his order of Augustinian Canons regular were priests when that suited and monks when that suited.

6761:(word) emphasizing the dynamic and interpersonal communication rather than static principle: "Christ incarnate as the eloquent oration of God": "He is called Speech , because through him God, who in his own nature cannot be comprehended by any reasoning, wished to become known to us." 4120:

Erasmus had a distinctive manner of thinking, a Catholic historian suggests: one that is capacious in its perception, agile in its judgments, and unsettling in its irony with "a deep and abiding commitment to human flourishing". "In all spheres, his outlook was essentially pastoral."

9325:, a converted Jew (which Erasmus approved of when sincere) who saw dangers in any re-Judaizing or re-mosaing Christianity (like Erasmus) but who went into fanaticism (which Erasmus abhored), e.g., advocating that Jews be compelled to hear Christian sermons, and that all copies of the 6145:

Erasmus and Luther impacted each other greatly. Each had misgivings about each other from the beginning (Erasmus on Luther's rash and antagonistic character, Luther on Erasmus' focus on morality rather than grace) but strategically agreed not to be negative about the other in public.

8546:, Erasmus recounts "Included with the Carthusians was the Brigittine monk Reynolds, a man of angelic features and angelic character and possessed of sound judgment, as I discovered through the conversations I had with him when I was in England in the company of Cardinal Campeggi." 6304:

You stipulate that we should not ask for or accept anything but Holy Scripture, but you do it in such a way as to require that we permit you to be its sole interpreter, renouncing all others. Thus the victory will be yours if we allow you to be not the steward but the lord of Holy

5901:

wise matches, preparation for confession and the need for pastoral encouragement, preparation for death and the need to assuage fear, training and helping the preaching duties of priests under bishops, baptism and the need for that faithful to own the baptismal vows made for them.

20798: 956:

His parents could not be legally married: his father, Gerard, was a Catholic priest who may have spent up to six years in the 1450s or 60s in Italy as a scribe and scholar. His mother was Margaretha Rogerius (Latinized form of Dutch surname Rutgers), the daughter of a doctor from

7679:, has an Erasmus Tower, Erasmus Building and an Erasmus Room. Until the early 20th century, Queens' College used to have a corkscrew that was purported to be "Erasmus' corkscrew", which was a third of a metre long; as of 1987, the college still had what it calls "Erasmus' chair". 2727:. Through the influence of the humanist John Colet, his interests turned towards theology. Other distinctive features of Colet's thought that may have influenced Erasmus are his pacifism, reform-mindedness, anti-Scholasticism and pastoral esteem for the sacrament of Confession. 10524:, Erasmus seeks to orient his theories of preaching around "the simplicity of Christ's teaching and example." Consequently, preaching is not for engaging in controversy, but for bringing salvation, moving the congregation to a moral life and building community through concord." 3366:

Erasmus may have made several other short visits to England or English territory while living in Brabant. Happily for Erasmus, More and Tunstall were posted in Brussels or Antwerp on government missions around 1516, More for six months, Tunstall for longer. Their circle include

4319:

Historians have written that "references to conflict run like a red thread through the writings of Erasmus." Erasmus had experienced war as a child and was particularly concerned about wars between Christian kings, who should be brothers and not start wars; a theme in his book

4154:

Erasmus' aphoristic quote on the persecution of Reuchlin "if it is Christian to hate Jews, we are all abundantly Christians here" is taken literally by Theodor Dunkelgrün and Harry S. May as being approving of such hatred; the alternative view would be that it was sardonic and

901:

Third, his flourishing but peripatetic years of increasing focus and literary productivity following his 1499 contact with a reformist English circle, then with radical French Franciscan Jean Vitrier (or Voirier) and later with the Greek-speaking Aldine New Academy in Venice;

6038:

However, he was not in favour of speedy closures of monasteries nor of larger reformed monasteries with important libraries: in his account of his pilgrimage to Walsingham, he noted that the funds extracted from pilgrims typically supported houses for the poor and elderly.

9768:

Augustine's views while betraying great enthusiasm for St Jerome and his metaphor of the freeman who marries the captive slave to obtain her freedom. Christianityhad wed itself to the classical heritage to enhance and liberate it (i.e., that heritage) from its pagan ethos"

5877:

of Basel, were claiming Erasmus held views similar to their own in order to try to claim him for their schismatic and "erroneous" movement. When the Mass was finally banned in Basel in 1529, Erasmus immediately abandoned the city, as did the other expelled Catholic clergy.

19402:

Carrington, Laurel (2013). "Desiderius Erasmus. The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 2082 to 2203, 1529. Ed. James Estes. Trans. Alexander Dalzell. Collected Works of Erasmus 15. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012. xxii + 404 pp. $ 175. ISBN: 978–1–4426–4203–4".

9505:"Unlike Luther, he accepted papal primacy and the teaching authority of the church and did not discount human tradition. The reforms proposed by Erasmus were in the social rather than the doctrinal realm. His principal aim was to foster piety and to deepen spirituality." 7707:

In 1928, the site of Erasmus' grave was dug up, and a body identified in the bones and examined. In 1974, a body was dug up in a slightly different location, accompanied by an Erasmus medal. Both bodies have been claimed to be Erasmus'. However, it is possible neither is.

3625:) and Aldine-like Italic and Greek fonts, as well as elegant layouts using borders and fancy capitals; Hans Holbein (the Younger) cut several woodblock capitals for Erasmus' editions. The printing of many his books was supervised by his Alsatian friend, the Greek scholar 6848:

of everything": "the focus in which both dimensions of reality, the human and the divine, intersect" and so He himself is the hermeneutical principle of scripture": "the middle is the medium, the medium is the mediator, the mediator is the reconciler". In Erasmus' early

6118:, was less theological than political: "The Roman curia has abandoned any sense of shame. What could be more shameless than these constant indulgences? And now they put up war against the Turks as a pretext, when their aim really is to drive the Spaniards from Naples." 3927:;) and as Luther and some Lutherans and some powerful Catholic theologians renewed their personal attacks on Erasmus, his letters are increasingly focused on concerns on the status of friendships and safety as he considered moving from bland Freiburg despite his health. 5961:, especially at first he sided unambiguously with neither Luther nor the anti-Lutherans publicly (though in private he lobbied assiduously against extremism from both parties), but eventually shunned the breakaway Protestant Reformation movements along with their most 7082:

employed secretaries or amanuenses who performed the assembly or transcription, re-wrote his writing, and in his last decade, recorded his dictation; letters were usually in his own hand, unless formal. For much of his career he wrote standing at a desk, as shown in

7010:

During the centuries of the previous age the oracles of the gentiles spoke of you in obscure riddles. Egyptian prophecies, Apollo’s tripod, the Sibylline books, gave hints of you. The mouths of learned poets predicted your coming in oracles they did not understand.

2844:.) A particular influence was his encounter in 1501 with Jean (Jehan) Vitrier, a radical Franciscan who consolidated Erasmus' thoughts against excessive valorization of monasticism, ceremonialism and fasting in a kind of conversion experience, and introduced him to 953:

parentheses based on 1466: e.g., "20 (or 23)".) Furthermore, many details of his early life must be gleaned from a fictionalized third-person account he wrote in 1516 (published in 1529) in a letter to a fictitious Papal secretary, Lambertus Grunnius ("Mr. Grunt").

16931:"Erasmus' Cambridge Years (1511–1514): The Execution of Erasmus' Christian Humanist Programme, His Epitaph for Lady Margaret's Tomb in Westminster Abbey (1512), and His Failed Attempt to Obtain the Lady Margaret's Professorship in the Face of Scholastic Opposition" 9731:, CWE 26, 385). By teaching the relativity of communicative situations and the variability of temperaments, the laughter resulting from the art of rhetoric comes to resemble the most sincere content of Christian morality, based on tolerance and loving persuasion." 17452:

Ocker, Christopher (2017). "Review: Collected Works of Erasmus, vol. 73: Controversies: Apologia de 'In Principio Erat Sermo', Apologia de Loco 'Omnes quidem', De Esu Carnium, De Delectu Ciborum Scholia, Responsio ad Collationes, edited by Drysdall, Denis L.".

9553:

wing of the canons regular who believed that the charism of their orders required them to be more externally focussed (on pastoral, missionary, scholarly, charitable and sacramental works) and correspondingly de-focussed on monastic severity and ceremonialism.

8575:

Contrast the "outsider" interpretation of Huizinga "He tried to remain in the fold of the old Church, after having damaged it seriously, and renounced the Reformation, and to a certain extent even Humanism, after having furthered both with all his strength."

6345:

from avarice to liberality, from reviling to well-speaking, from wantonness to modesty. I will show you a great many who have become worse through following it. The solemn prayers of the Church are abolished, but now there are very many who never pray at all.

2895:

Erasmus preferred to live the life of an independent scholar and made a conscious effort to avoid any actions or formal ties that might inhibit his individual freedom. In England Erasmus was approached with prominent offices but he declined them all, until the

10240:

For example, "It is likely that Erasmus rejected the traditional view of Hell as a place of real, material fire. But although he probably conceived of it as a place of mental rather than physical torment,... Erasmus does not appear to reject the eternality of

9374:

In marriage, Erasmus' two significant innovations, according to historian Nathan Ron, were that "matrimony can and should be a joyous bond, and that this goal can be achieved by a relationship between spouses based on mutuality, conversation, and persuasion."

7838:. For the Ursalines, Barnabites, etc. "these associations were not conceived by their founders as 'religious orders', but as spiritual companies mostly composed of both lay and religious folk ... Similarly to the teachings of humanists like Erasmus and of the 4512:, Erasmus was against the death penalty merely for private or peaceable heresy, or for dissent on non-essentials: "It is better to cure a sick man than to kill him." The Church has the duty to protect believers and convert or heal heretics; he invoked Jesus' 6529:

The body is purely material; the spirit is purely divine; the soul…is tossed back and forwards between the two according to whether it resists or gives way to the temptations of the flesh. The spirit makes us gods; the body makes us beasts; the soul makes us

16098: 9317:, Erasmus sided with Reuchlin, a gentile who advocated Hebrew studies (which Erasmus never undertook seriously himself but promoted) and interaction with Jewish scholars (which Erasmus never felt the professional occasion for) to learn of things such as the 6564: 9903:, Erasmus quotes Aristotle 304 times, "making extensive use of the moral, philosophical, political, and rhetorical writings as well as those on natural philosophy, while completely shunning the logical works that formed the basis for scholastic philosophy" 7236:

In 1528 he suffered recurrent episodes of the stone, "from which he almost died." In 1529 his self-removal from Basel was delayed because of headcold and fever. In 1530 while traveling he suffered some near-fatal illness which several doctors diagnosed as

4472:, opposing certain views of Martin Luther, Erasmus noted that religious disputants should be temperate in their language, "because in this way the truth, which is often lost amidst too much wrangling may be more surely perceived." Gary Remer writes, "Like 9362:

For Erasmus, "...the relative importance we should ascribe to the different books of the Bible," accorded to how much "they bring us more or less directly to knowledge of (Christ)": which gave priority to the New Testament and the Gospels in particular.

20903: 4519:

Nevertheless, he allowed the death penalty against violent seditionists, to prevent bloodshed and war: he allowed that the state has the right to execute those who are a necessary danger to public order—whether heretic or orthodox—but noted (e.g., to

6745:. And the primary mechanism of accommodation is language, which mediates between reality and abstraction, which allows disputes of all kinds to be resolved and the gospel to be transmitted: in his New Testament, Erasmus notably translated the Greek 9575:"In the first years of the Reformation many thought that Luther was only carrying out the program of Erasmus, and this was the opinion of those strict Catholics who from the outset of the great conflict included Erasmus in their attacks on Luther." 7418:) as his personal motto. The obverse of the medal by Quintin Matsys featured the Terminus herm. Mottoes on medals, along the circumference, included "A better picture of Erasmus is shown in his writing", and "Contemplate the end of a long life" and 6948:

Several scholars have suggested Erasmus wrote as an evangelist not an academic theologian. Even "theology was to be metamorphic speech, converting persons to Christ." Erasmus did not conceive of Christianity as fundamentally an intellectual system:

3112:, the 24-year old Archbishop of St Andrews, through Padua, Florence, and Siena Erasmus made it to Rome in 1509, visiting some notable libraries and cardinals, but having a less active association with Italian scholars than might have been expected. 10375:' "For as there is no place in which it is more proper to seek Thee than in Thy words, so is there no place where Thou art more clearly discovered than in Thy words. For therein Thou abidest, and thither Thou leadest all who seek and love Thee." 9548:

DeMolen claims: "It is important to recall that Erasmus remained a member of the Austin Canons all his life. His lifestyle harmonized with the spirit of the Austin Canons even though he lived outside their monastic walls." Erasmus represents the

6614:

moderately. And, by "excluding the Platonists from their commentaries, they strangle the beauty of revelation." "They are windbags blown up with Aristotle, sausages stuffed with a mass of theoretical definitions, conclusions, and propositions."

20845: 18297:

Coetsee, Albert J.; Walt, Sarel van der; Muller, D. Francois; Huijgen, Arnold; Brink, Gijsbert van den; Alten, HH van; Broeke, Leon van den; Kotzé, Manitza; Kruger, P. Paul; Potgieter, Raymond M.; Fick, Rikus; Dreyer, Wim (17 November 2023).

6191:

Though he sought to remain accommodative in doctrinal disputes, each side accused him of siding with the other, perhaps because of his perceived influence and what they regarded as his dissembling neutrality, which he regarded as peacemaking

6251:

initiated what has been called "The greatest debate of that era" which still has ramifications today. They bypassed discussion on reforms which they both agreed on in general, and instead dealt with authority and biblical justifications of

3757:

and changes the hearts of men" and later "What upsets me is not so much their teaching, especially Luther’s, as the fact that, under the pre-text of the gospel, I see a class of men emerging whom I find repugnant from every point of view."

3115:

In 1510, William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury, and Lord Mountjoy lured him back to England, now under its new humanist king, paying £10 journey money. On his trip back over the Alps, down the Rhein, to England, Erasmus mentally composed

10418:

that in the process of interpreting a passage from Scripture it is essential to consider not only what was said but also by whom and to whom it was said, with which words, at what time, on what occasion, and what preceded and followed it."

8828:

For Markish, Erasmus' "theological opposition to a form of religious thought which he identified with Judaism was not translated into crude prejudice against actual Jews", to the extent that Erasmus could be described as 'a-semitic' rather

7068:

From his youth, Erasmus had been a voracious writer. Erasmus wrote or answered up to 40 letters per day, usually waking early in the morning and writing them in his own hand. He did not work after dinner. His writing method (recommended in

3787:

There are no extant letters between More and Erasmus from the start of More's period as Chancellor until his resignation (1529–1533), almost to the day. Erasmus wrote several important non-political works under the surprising patronage of

17020:

Kinney, Daniel (February 1983). "Georges Chantraine, S.J ., Erasme et Luther: Libre et serf arbitre, etude Historique et Theologique. Paris : Éditions Lethielleux / Presses Universitaires de Namur, 1981. XLV + 503 pp. in-8°. 270 Fr".

6676:

In philosopher Étienne Gilson's summary: "the quite precise goal he pursues is to reject Greek philosophy outside of Christianity, into which the Middle Ages introduced Greek philosophy with the risk of corrupting this Christian Wisdom."

14994:

Essary, Kirk (2016). "Collected Works of Erasmus, written by Frederick J. McGinness (ed.), Michael J. Heath and James L.P. Butrica (transl.), Frederick J. McGinness and Michael J. Heath (annotat.), and Alexander Dalzell (contrib. ed.)".

6857:

in typical medieval terms of an ascent of being to God (vertical), but from the mid-1510s life he moved to an analogy of Copernican planetary circling around Christ the centre (horizontal) or Columbian navigation towards a destination.

9514:"Rigorously scientific biblical study must sustain an effort to renew the interior life, and the interior life must itself be at once the agent and the beneficiary of a renewal of the whole of Christian society." This went beyond the 6350:

Who ever beheld in their meetings any one of them shedding tears, smiting his breast, or grieving for his sins? Confession to the priest is abolished, but very few now confess to God. They have fled from Judaism that they may become

3223:

still houses many first editions of Erasmus's publications, many of which were acquired during that period by bequest or purchase, including Erasmus's New Testament translation, which is signed by friend and Polish religious reformer

19604: 8256:

He wrote to Servatius Rogerus, the prior at Stein, to justify his jobs: "I do not aim at becoming rich, so long as I possess just enough means to provide for my health and free time for my studies and to ensure that I am a burden to

4100:, who had fled from Geneva to Basel, who subsequently translated the Bible into Latin and French, and who worked for the repair of the breach and divide of Western Christianity in its Catholic, Anabaptist, and Protestant branches. 4171:, Erasmus wrote: "The cunning of princes and the effrontery of the Roman curia can go no further; and it looks as though the state of the common people would soon be such that the tyranny of the Grand Turk would be more bearable." 18615: 9723:"According to Erasmus, Lucian's laughter is the most appropriate instrument to guide pupils towards moral seriousness because it is the denial of every peremptory and dogmatic point of view and, therefore, the image of a joyful 8064:

Erasmus suffered severe food intolerances, including to fish, beer and many wines, which formed much of the diet of Northern European monks, and caused his antipathy to fasts. "My heart is Catholic, but my stomach is Lutheran."

7518:

in (gilt) bronze replacing an earlier stone version from 1557, itself replacing a wooden one of 1549, possibly a gift from the City of Basel. This was set up in the public square in Rotterdam, and today may be found outside the

8643:"He left a small fortune, in trusts for the benefit of the aged and infirm, the education of young men of promise, and as marriage portions for deserving young women - nothing, however, for Masses for the repose of his soul." 9012:

Bruce Mansfield summarizes historian Georg Gebhart's view: "While recognizing the teaching authority, but not the primacy, of Councils, Erasmus adopted a moderate papalism, papal authority itself being essentially pastoral."

6299:

Continuing his chastisement of Luther – and undoubtedly put off by the notion of there being "no pure interpretation of Scripture anywhere but in Wittenberg" – Erasmus touches upon another important point of the controversy:

6347:

I have never entered their conventicles, but I have sometimes seen them returning from their sermons, the countenances of all of them displaying rage, and wonderful ferocity, as though they were animated by the evil spirit.

4286:

I give you my peace, I leave you my peace" (John 14:27). You hear what he leaves his people? Not horses, bodyguards, empire or riches – none of these. What then? He gives peace, leaves peace – peace with friends, peace with

7104:

on subjects of humanist interest: "Three areas preoccupied Erasmus as a writer: language arts, education, and biblical studies. All of his works served as models of style. He pioneered the principles of textual criticism."

6939:

philosophical argument all too often generated; this produced in Erasmus a profound disinterest in hyper-rationality, and an emphasis on verbal, rhetorical, mystical, pastoral and personal/political moral concerns instead.

13001: 9473:. Erasmus was not a forerunner in the sense that he conceived or defended ideas that later made up the substance of the Reformation thought. It is enough that some of his ideas merged with the later Reformation message." 3731:. Erasmus wrote somewhat dramatically to Thomas More of his frail condition at the time: "I preferred to risk my life rather than appear to approve a programme like theirs. There was some hope of a return to moderation." 9802:

Erasmus does not engage with Plato as a philosopher, at least not in any rigorous sense, but rather as a rhetorician of spiritual experience, the instigator of a metaphorical system which coheres effectively with Pauline

3661:, after having served as Regent (and/or Grand Inquisitor) of Spain for six years. Like Erasmus and Luther, he had been influenced by the Brethren of the Common Life. He tried to entice Erasmus to Rome. His reforms of the 9205:

However, Erasmus related that he had consulted a Jewish doctor, in October 1518. Erasmus also knew several converted Jews: his doctor Matthais Adrianus, who Erasmus recommended for the Trilingual College, and his doctor

1252:

either on 25 April 1492, or 25 April 1495, at age 25 (or 28.) Either way, he did not actively work as a choir priest for very long, though his many works on confession and penance suggests experience of dispensing them.

8731:

However, "his wit can be gentle; it can break out into bitterness. In controversy, resentments and anxieties can get loose, countermanding the Christian imperative of love to which he was devoted and which runs as a

8014:

in England "to some extent Erasmus thereby realized the dream of his youth, which was to live together with some choice literary spirit with whom he might share his thoughts and aspiration". Quoted in J. K. Sowards,

16548: 10564:

in isolation from his other works may give an idea of Erasmus' priorities different to that given by broader reading, even though he sometimes claimed to be re-presenting essentially the same thoughts in different

6896:

at the head of the queue. This privileges peacemaking, mercy, meekness, purity of heart, hungering after righteousness, poverty of spirit, etc. as the unassailable core of Christianity and piety and true theology.

15385: 9469:(1516), which laid the foundations for a model of Christianity that called for a pared-down, internalized style of religiosity focused on Scripture rather than the elaborate, and incessant, outward rituals of the 6522:": warm affection and an appropriately fiery heart being inalienable parts of human sincerity; however historian Ross Dealy sees Erasmus' decrial of other non-gentle "perverse affections" as having Stoical roots. 17369:

Was Erasmus Responsible for Luther? A Study of the Relationship of the Two Reformers and Their Clash Over the Question of the Will, Reynolds, Terrence M. p. 2, 1977. Reynolds references Arthur Robert Pennington

6994:

Apart from these programmatic works, Erasmus also produce a number of prayers, sermons, essays, masses and poems for specific benefactors and occasions, often on topics where Erasmus and his benefactor agreed.

2851:

In 1502, Erasmus went to Brabant, ultimately to the university at Louvain. In 1504 he was hired by the leaders of the Brabantian "Provincial States" to deliver one of his few public speeches, a very long formal

8717:

For Erasmus, "dogmatics do not exist for themselves; they take on meaning only when they issue, on the one hand, in the exegesis of scripture and, on the other, in moral action" according to Manfred Hoffmann's

4679:, Erasmus voiced, as Paul, the "secret" that in the end times "all of the Israelites will be restored to salvation," and accept Christ as their Messiah, "although now part of them have fallen away from it." 16653: 6900:

The Sermon on the Mount provides the axioms on which every legitimate theology must be built, as well as the ethics governing theological discourse, and the rules for validating theological products; Erasmus'

4598:

In common with his times, Erasmus regarded the Jewish and Islamic religions as Christian heresies (and therefore competitors to orthodox Christianity) rather than separate religions, using the inclusive term

7910:

Huizinga (p.12) notes "To observe one another with sympathy, to watch and note each other's inner life, was a customary and approved occupation among the Brethren of the Common Life and the Windesheim monks."

21179: 13925: 9022:

If any single individual in the modern world can be credited with "the invention of peace", the honour belongs to Erasmus rather than Kant whose essay on perpetual peace was published nearly three centuries

7003:(1503) Erasmus elaborated his theme that the Incarnation had been hinted far and wide, which could impact the theology of the fate of the remote unbaptized and grace, and the place of classical philosophy: 4358:

frequently related to issues of peacemaking. He saw a key role of the Church in peacemaking by arbitration and mediation, and the office of the Pope was necessary to rein in tyrannical princes and bishops.

4182:

Erasmus' literary theory of "copiousness" makes a virtue of utilizing a large stockpile of tropes and symbolic figures, without modern disclaimers of their reality or qualms about the cumulative impact.

6639:. "A great part of the teaching of Christ is to be found in some of the philosophers, particularly Socrates, Diogenes and Epictetus. But Christ taught it much more fully, and exemplified it better..." ( 11318: 9945:"However learned the works of those men may be, however ‘subtle’ and, if it please them, however ‘seraphic,’ it must still be admitted that the Gospels and Epistles are the supreme authority." Erasmus, 4124:

Erasmus has been called a seminal rather than a consistent or systematic thinker, notably averse to over-extending from the specific to the general; who nevertheless should be taken very seriously as a

8055:

25 was the minimum age under canon law to be ordained a priest. However, Gouda church records do not support the 1492 year given by his first biographer, and 1495 has been suggested as more plausible.

4136:

A theologian has written of "Erasmus’ preparedness completely to satisfy no-one but himself." He has been called moderate, judicious and constructive even when being critical or when mocking extremes.

4151:

Antagonistic scholar J.W. Williams denies that Erasmus' letter to Ammonius "let your own interests be your standard in all things" was in obvious jest, as claimed by those more sympathetic to Erasmus.

7226:. His digestion gave him trouble: he was intolerant of fish, beer and some wines, which were the standard diet for members of religious orders; he eventually died following an attack of dysentery. 4275:. Erasmus' ecclesiology of peacemaking held that the church authorities had a divine mandate to settle religious disputes, in an as non-excluding way as possible, including by the preferably-minimal 4219:

Peace, peaceableness and peacemaking, in all spheres from the domestic to the religious to the political, were central distinctives of Erasmus' writing on Christian living and his mystical theology:

10582:

that "students in this science have not seldom been hampered by what they have found written by other authors, partly on account of the multiplication of useless questions, articles, and arguments"

7110:

on pastoral subjects: "to Christians in the various stages of lives:for the young, for married couples, for widows," the dying, clergy, theologians, religious, princes, partakers of sacraments, etc.

4682:

Erasmus' pervasive anti-ceremonialism treated the early Church debates on circumcision, food and special days as manifestations of a cultural chauvinism by the initial Jewish Christians in Antioch.

1257:

Rogerus demanding Erasmus return after his studies were complete. Nevertheless, the library of the canonry ended up with by far the largest collection of Erasmus' publications in the Gouda region.

10317:"The saintly versatility with which Christ and Paul accommodate their message to their imperfect hearers is one of the highest expressions of their charity, which desires the salvation of all men." 6175:

However, any hesitancy on the part of Erasmus may have stemmed, not from lack of courage or conviction, but rather from a concern over the mounting disorder and violence of the reform movement. To

13959: 961:. She may have been Gerard's housekeeper. Although he was born out of wedlock, Erasmus was cared for by his parents, with a loving household and the best education, until their early deaths from 10053:

before him, he recommended that (scholastic method) be practiced with greater moderation and that it be complemented by the new philological and patristic knowledge that was becoming available."

8510:

The last was released at the time of Henry VIII and Anne Bolyn's wedding; Erasmus appended a statement that indicated he opposed the marriage. Erasmus outlived Anne and her brother by two months.

6452:

Erasmus syncretistically took phrases, ideas and motifs from many classical philosophers to furnish discussions of Christian themes: academics have identified aspects of his thought as variously

18842: 13602: 6200:

I detest dissension because it goes both against the teachings of Christ and against a secret inclination of nature. I doubt that either side in the dispute can be suppressed without grave loss.

6188:

Catholic theologian George Chantraine notes that, where Luther quotes Luke 11:21 "He that is not with me is against me", Erasmus takes Mark 9:40 "For he that is not against us, is on our part."

6076:

came lately to me in a dream and thanked me for chastising them." After his lifetime, scholars of mendicant orders have sometimes disputed Erasmus as hyperbolic and ill-informed. A 20th-century

6818:: we now knowing the resurrection, Christ is revealed by the Gospels in a way that we can know him better by reading him than those who actually heard him speak; this will or may transform us. 21374: 9129:

were absentee rulers, the secret nature of diplomacy and other circumstances) was widespread, but it is notable that intellectuals like Erasmus and Barlandus also accepted the allegations.

4073:

He had remained loyal to Roman Catholicism, but biographers have disagreed whether to treat him as an insider or an outsider. He may not have received or had the opportunity to receive the

10271:"We see Erasmus' hermeneutic as governed by the idea of language as mediation The dynamics of mediation, central as it is in Erasmus' hermeneutic, informed all aspects of his world view." 9138:"I have made my support of the church sufficiently clearThe only thing in which I take pride is that I have never committed myself to any sect." Erasmus, Letter to Georgius Agricola (1534) 4419:

advocating concord between princes, both temporal and spiritual. The spiritual princes, by their arbitration and mediation do not "threaten political plurality, but acts as its defender."

8868:, of Old-Christians mired in ceremonial practice to Pharisees who had forgotten the true message of Judaism, a statement they used as a counter-punch against Old-Christian accusations of 6107:

The early reformers built their theology on Erasmus' philological analyses of specific verses in the New Testament: repentance over penance (the basis of the first thesis of the Luther's

4536:

not because of their heretical views on baptism. Despite these concessions to state power, he suggested that religious persecution could still be challenged as inexpedient (ineffective).

18607: 17974: 8501:

De Góis then proceeded to Padua, meeting with the humanist cardinals Bembo and Sadeleto, and with Ignatius of Loyola. He had previously dined with Luther and Melanchthon, and met Bucer.

4411:

One of his approaches was to send, and publish, congratulatory and lionizing letters to princes who, though in a position of strength, negotiated peace with neighbours: such as to King

1137:

were among the chief objects of his later calls to reform the Western Church from within, particularly coerced or tricked recruitment of immature boys (the fictionalized account in the

3676:

As the popular and nationalist responses to Luther gathered momentum, the social disorders, which Erasmus dreaded and Luther disassociated himself from, began to appear, including the

4050:. "The most famous scholar of his day died in peaceful prosperity and in the company of celebrated and responsible friends." His last words, as recorded by his friend and biographer 2704:, who offered to accompany him on his trip to England. His time in England was fruitful in the making of lifelong friendships with the leaders of English thought in the days of King 21110: 4000:, finally exiled to a monastery, and on release perhaps murdered. His amanuensis Gilbert Cousin died in prison at age 66, shortly after being arrested on the personal order of Pope 3806: 7205:

However, at times he has been viciously criticized, his works suppressed, his expertise corralled, his writings misinterpreted, his thought demonized, and his legacy marginalized.

6518:

Historian Kirk Essary has noted that from his earliest to last works Erasmus "regularly denounced the Stoics as specifically unchristian in their hardline position and advocacy of

5997:

Reacting from his own experiences, Erasmus came to believe that monastic life and institutions no longer served the positive spiritual or social purpose they once may have: in the

15616: 6999:

scriptural ignorance and fanciful Biblical interpretation, prayer, dietary fasts, external ceremonialism, authority, vows, docility, submission to Rome, etc. For example, in his

3716:

his former assistant, in which elected Catholic councilmen were deposed, the city of Basel definitely adopted the Reformation—finally banning the Catholic Mass on April 1, 1529.

10602:

Historian Hilmar Pabel wrote "an essential aspect of Erasmus' life's work (was)...his participation in the responsibility of the bishops and all pastors to win souls for Christ."

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which More used for Utopia, due to 33 specific similarities of ideas, and that the fictional character Raphael Hythloday is de las Casas. Coincidentally, de las Casas' nemesis

7507:

produced the earliest known portraits of Erasmus, including an oil painting from life in 1517 (which had to be delayed as Erasmus' pain distorted his face) and a medal in 1519.

3644:, had grown to also include a lightly revised Latin Vulgate, then the Greek text, then several edifying essays on methodology, then a highly revised Vulgate—all bundled as his 1284:

and confirmed the previous dispensation, allowing the 48-(or 51-)year-old his independence but still, as a canon, capable of holding office as a prior or abbot. In 1525, Pope

14498:

Flesh, Blood, and Puffed-Up Livers: The Theological, Political, and Social Contexts behind the 1550-1551 Written Eucharistic Debate between Thomas Cranmer and Stephen Gardiner

4159:

Terence J. Martin identifies an "Erasmian pattern" that the supposed (by the reader) otherness (of Turks, Lapplanders, Indians, Jews, and even women and heretics) "provides a

3665:

which he hoped would meet the objections of many Lutherans were stymied (party because the Holy See was broke), though re-worked at the Council of Trent, and he died in 1523.

934:, whom Erasmus' father Gerard (Gerardus Helye) personally favored. Although associated closely with Rotterdam, he lived there for only four years, never to return afterwards. 7574:

scholarships enable European students to spend up to a year of their university courses in a university in another European country, commemorating Erasmus' impulse to travel.

5957:

Erasmus, at the height of his literary fame, was called upon to take one side, but public partisanship was foreign to his beliefs, his nature and his habits. Despite all his

27244: 9072:(1512) denounced princes as the most guilty of ambition, luxury and a desire for domination. Bernard proposed that reformation must primarily involve ending war and schism. 4144:

Erasmus often wrote in a highly ironical idiom, especially in his letters, which makes them prone to different interpretations when taken literally rather than ironically.

2692:"I can truly say that no place in the world has given me so many friends—true, learned, helpful, and illustrious friends—as the single city of London." Letter to Colet, 1509 16522: 9830:. Erasmus’ interest in some Platonic motifs is well known. But the most consistent philosophical theme in Erasmus’ writings from his earliest to his latest was that of the 9448:"It is because Christ is in the pages of the bible that we meet him as a living person. As we read these pages we absorb his presence, we become one with him." Robert Sider 1076:, which left Erasmus feeling betrayed. Around this time he wrote forlornly to his friend Elizabeth de Heyden "Shipwrecked am I, and lost, 'mid waters chill'." He suffered 17662: 15377: 9385:

avoiding (Lutheran) boastful pride, then a loving, undespairing life lived with appropriate penitence. The focus of the Last Rites by priests should be comfort and hope.

4366:, further limiting it to feasible defensive actions with popular support and that "war should never be undertaken unless, as a last resort, it cannot be avoided." In his 3765:, then following another rent dispute bought and refurbished a house of his own, where he took in scholar/assistants as table-boarders such as Cornelius Grapheus' friend 11586:

The Eve of the Reformation. Studies in the Religious Life and Thought of the English people in the Period Preceding the Rejection of the Roman jurisdiction by Henry VIII

9687:

For Craig R. Thompson, Erasmus cannot be called philosopher in the technical sense, since he disdained formal logic and metaphysics and cared only for moral philosophy.

6635:

theologically and rhetorically: their value was in how they pre-saged, explained or amplified the unique teachings of Christ (particularly the Sermon on the Mount): the

4195:"Judaism I call not Jewish impiety, but prescriptions about external things, such as food, fasting, clothes, which to a certain degree resemble the rituals of the Jews." 19003:"Erasmus's Biblical Project: Some Thoughts and Observations on Its Scope, Its Impact in the Sixteenth Century and Reception in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries" 9527:

Writer Gregory Wolfe notes however "For Erasmus, the narrative of decline is a form of despair, a failure to believe that the tradition can and will generate new life."

7272:, painter unknown, c.1500, juxtaposing pregnancy and death, with four Augustinan canons regular of the Chapter (Abbey) of Sion. Left, with a little lion behind him, is 4610:

and anti-Moslem prejudice in his writings: historian Nathan Ron has found his writing to be harsh and racial in its implications, with contempt and hostility to Islam.

4077:

of the Catholic Church; the contemporary reports of his death do not mention whether he asked for a Catholic priest or not, if any were secretly or privately in Basel.

10335:"The gospel text for Erasmus, and many others, possessed “the capacity to transform our inner self by the presence of God as incarnated in the text (or 'inverbation') 5893:

in the eleventh century. He added a dedication, affirming his belief in the reality of the Body of Christ after consecration in the Eucharist, commonly referred to as

3780:, and his small book on preparing for death. His boarder for five months, the Portuguese scholar/diplomat Damião de Góis, worked on his lobbying on the plight of the 18608:"Bible Engagement in the Catholic Church Tradition. Conference on the occasion of the annual retreat of the Board of Management of the American Bible Society in Rome" 14762: 6837:

is the unifying reference point, the navigation goal, or the organizing principle of topics. According to his assistant-turned-foe, Œcolampadius, Erasmus's rule was "

4532:: Johannes Trapman states that Erasmus' endorsement of suppression of the Anabaptists springs from their refusal to heed magistrates and the criminal violence of the 2730:

This prompted him, upon his return from England to Paris, to intensively study the Greek language, which would enable him to study theology on a more profound level.

15354: 14926: 13910: 7395:

The herm became part of the Erasmus branding at Froben, and is on his tombstone. In the early 1530s, Erasmus was portrayed as Terminus by Hans Holbein the Younger.

27184: 6984:, which in their first state constitute a sort of preface to the various other studies, but which—in return—were nourished and enlarged by them as they went along. 4508:

to limit what should be considered heresy to fractiously agitating against essential doctrines (e.g., those of the Creed), with malice and persistence. As with St

4148:

Erasmus himself chided Ulrich von Hutten's claims that he (Erasmus) was a Lutheran, saying that von Hutten had not detected the irony in his public letters enough.

16907: 14073: 7860:. p. 95. MacCulloch has a footnote "There has been much modern embarrassment and obfuscation on Erasmus and Rogerus, but see the sensible comment in J. Huizinga, 6802:, can be seen as outworkings of his theology, rather than slippery insincerity or flattery of potential patrons. Similarly, it shows the theological basis of his 6159:(Oct 1520) and subsequent bellicosity drained Erasmus' and many humanists' sympathy, even more as Christians became partisans and the partisans took to violence. 3957:

After Erasmus' time, numerous of Erasmus' translators later met similar fates at the hands of Anglican, Catholic and Reformed sectarians and autocrats: including

27104: 10600:

Historian William McCuaig wrote " I will however defend the view that for the historian evangelism is the category to which Erasmus should rightly be assigned."

8892:. Erasmus continued: "This can hardly remain the case unless we define as few matters as possible and leave each individual's judgement free on many questions." 6163:

and urged him to join the Lutheran party. Erasmus declined to commit himself, arguing his usual "small target" excuse, that to do so would endanger the cause of

3574:

Desiderius Erasmus dictating to his ammenuensis Gilbert Cousin or Cognatus. From a book by Cousin, and itself claimed to be based on fresco in Cousin's house in

16642: 9639: 9576: 4133:. French theologian Louis Bouyer commented "Erasmus was to be one of those who can get no edification from exegesis where they suspect some misinterpretation." 25670: 12361: 11299: 10118: 8121:, Studies in the Renaissance, Vol. 9 (1962), p. 174. Erasmus continued to report occasionally to the prior, who disputed the validity of the 1505 dispensation. 7007:"You are assuredly the Woman of renown: both heaven and earth and the succession of all the ages uniquely join to celebrate your praise in a musical concord. 14540: 10394:

For Erica Rummel "In content, Erasmian theology is characterized by a twin emphasis on inner piety and on the word as mediator between God and the believer."

3211:" staircase of Old Court. Despite a chronic shortage of money, he succeeded in mastering Greek by an intensive, day-and-night study of three years, taught by 24620: 16375: 853:. He developed a biblical humanistic theology in which he advocated the religious and civil necessity both of peaceable concord and of pastoral tolerance on 2832:

for his students, then to Orléans to escape the plague, and then to semi-monastic life, scholarly studies and writing in France, notably at the Benedictine

24866: 12211: 12110: 8811:

p 99: Ron takes this as an affirmation by Erasmus of the low nature of Turks; the alternative view would take it as a negative foil (applying the model of

8422:) opened, and all the world applauded, I advised my friends to stand aloof. I thought it would end in bloodshed...", Letter to Alberto Pío, 1525, in e.g., 7604:

The Erasmus Lectures are an annual lecture on religious subjects, given by prominent Christian (mainly Catholic) and Jewish intellectuals, most notably by

4198:

Erasmus' counter-accusation to Spanish friars of "Judaizing" may have been particularly sharp and bold, given the prominent role that some friars with the

4129:

and rhetorical theologian, with a philological and historical approach—rather than a metaphysical approach—to interpreting Scripture and interested in the

3692:, on his release from the newly introduced Inquisition. In 1525, a former student of Erasmus who had served at Erasmus' father's former church at Woerden, 13159: 8325:, arguing for the natural slavery of American Indians, had previously been Erasmus' opponent as well, initially supporting the anti-decadence of Erasmus' 8266:

It is reported that the commission of theologians Henry VIII assembled to identify the errors of Luther was made up of three of Erasmus' former students:

27224: 13951: 10551:, and his prizing of vehement assertions and insults. Erica Rummel notes "The similarities between his and Luther’s thought were of course superficial." 8708:), one is reminded that Erasmus remains underrated for his psychological insights in general and that he is perhaps overlooked as a pastoral theologian." 7452: 27199: 8117:

from his obligations "by the constitutions and ordinances, also by statutes and customs of the monastery of Stein in Holland", quoted in J. K. Sowards,

2741:, a young law student considering becoming a monk, whose thought (e.g., on conscience and equity) had been influenced by 14th century French theologian 898:

Second, his struggling years as a canon (a kind of semi-monk), a clerk, a priest, a failing and sickly university student, a would-be poet, and a tutor;

27089: 21358: 18819: 15856: 13598: 9539:: Being a monk is not piety but he adds ‘but a way of life that may be useful or not useful according to each man’s physical make-up and disposition’. 9465:

emerged, and not just pointing up its failings but questioning many of its basic teachings. He was the author of a series of publications, including a

978:

on which news grieving Gerard romantically took Holy Orders, only to find on his return that Margaretha was alive; many scholars dispute this account.

7147:. However, his other works, such as his several thousand letters, continue to be a vital source of information to historians of numerous disciplines. 6968:

We may distinguish four different lines of work, parallel with each other, and complementary. First, the establishing and critical elucidation of the

27079: 8130:

Undispensed illegitimacy had various effects under canon law: it was not possible to be ordained a secular priest or to hold benefices, for example.

7174:

Since the origin of Christianity there have been perhaps only two other men—St Augustine and Voltaire—whose influence can be paralleled with Erasmus.

27109: 17053: 12979: 12830: 27094: 27074: 25442: 22373: 22021: 10214:

in 1360, Erasmus of Rotterdam around 1490, spontaneously conceived a similar method to save Christian faith," i.e. a sceptical-about-scholasticism

4301: 17362: 15960: 11754: 8630:

could achieve a state of salvation without the priestly rites, provided their faith and spirit were attuned to God" (i.e., maintaining being in a

7233:. He suffered kidney stones from his time in Venice and, in late life, with gout In 1514, he suffered a fall from his horse and injured his back. 6340:

Here Erasmus complains of the doctrines and morals of the Reformers, applying the same critique he had made about public Scholastic disputations:

20103: 10961: 3219:

Renaissance medicine for gallstones, from which Erasmus suffered). As Queens' was an unusually humanist-leaning institution in the 16th century,

16123: 16027: 12914: 6964:

Historian William McCuaig commented "I have never read a work by him on any subject that was not at bottom a piece of evangelical literature."

6229: 21937: 21302: 17963: 15741: 14835:

Vale, Malcolm (6 November 2020). "Erasmus and his Books, by Egbertus van Gulik, tr. J.C. Grayson, ed. James K. McConica and Johannes Trapman".

12004:"Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume VII. Modern Christianity. The German Reformation - Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 9840:. Erasmus, in fact, combined Christianity with a nuanced Epicurean morality. This Epicureanism, when combined in turn with a commitment to the 9550: 7398: 17516: 15439: 13036: 12854:

The correspondence of Erasmus. Letters 2357 to 2471 August 1530-March 1531 / translated by Charles Fantazzi ; annotated by James M. Estes

11531:"Reforming Christianity in early sixteenth-century Italy: the Barnabites, the Somaschans, the Ursulines, and the hospitals for the incurables" 9890:"appears as a sceptic whose premise is the badness of man", while Erasmus is a sceptic whose general premise is "man is or can be made good." 9125:

James D.Tracy notes that mistrust of the Habsburg government in the general population (partially due to the fact Maximilian and his grandson

6069:, where he tied common ownership (such as practiced by his order's style of poverty) with the teachings of classical philosophers and Christ. 25688: 25128: 17317:"Review of Erasmus, Controversies: Collected Works of Erasmus, vol. 78, trans. Peter Matheson, Peter McCardle, Garth Tissol, and James Tracy" 13722: 11838:"Mirrors for secretaries: the tradition of advice literature and the presence of classical political theory in Italian secretarial treatises" 10106:"Why don't we all reflect: this must be a marvelous and new philosophy since, in order to reveal it to mortals, he who was god became man..." 7252:. Other doctors have diagnosed from his written descriptions ailments such as rheumatoid arthritis, enteric rheumatism and spondylarthritis. 6042:

These ideas widely influenced his generation of humanists, both Catholic and Protestant, and the lurid hyperbolic attacks in his half-satire

5807: 5058: 4588: 4024: 14612: 11784: 10501:

According to philosopher John Smith "The core of his theological thought he traced back to Christ’s Sermon on the Mount, rather than Paul."

8492:

His arthritic gout kept him housebound and unable to write: "Even on Easter Day I said mass in my bedroom." Letter to Nicolaus Olahus (1534)

5969:"I have constantly declared, in countless letters, booklets, and personal statements, that I do not want to be involved with either party." 27249: 20993: 11694: 11680:

Collected Works of Erasmus: Paraphrases on the Epistles to the Corinthians, Ephesians, Philippans, Colossians, and Thessalonians, Volume 43

8080:

Klein, Jan Willem; Simoni, Anna E.C. (1994). "Once more the manuscripts of Stein monastery and the copyists of the Erasmiana manuscripts".

7366: 6444:. Erasmus' writings shifted "an intellectual culture from logical disputation about things to quarrels about texts, contexts, and words." 3109: 2927: 996:

In 1478, at the age of 9 (or 12), he and his older brother Peter were sent to one of the best Latin schools in the Netherlands, located at

18876: 14864:

Sebastian Castellio, 1515-1563; Humanist and Defender of Religious Toleration in a Confessional Age; Translated and Edited by Bruce Gordon

13473: 12174: 8972:

Sider, Robert D. (31 December 2019). "A System or Method of Arriving by a Short Cut at True Theology by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam".

6573:

Erasmus did not have a metaphysical bone in his frail body, and had no real feeling for the philosophical concerns of scholastic theology.

6001:

he controversially put it "Monkishness is not piety." At this time, it was better to live as "a monk in the world" than in the monastery.

985:(where young Erasmus may have attended the local vernacular school to learn to read and write) and in 1476 was promoted to vice-curate of 25741: 23493: 19633: 12589: 8350: 7222:, a non-lethal type of Malaria which recurred numerous times for the rest of his life: he attributed his survival to the intercession of 4638:

Opposing this, Erasmus scholar Nathan Ron wrote that Erasmus denigrated Jews by his translation and publication of the complete works of

17386:

Pabel, Himer M. (2013). "Praise and Blame: Peter Canisius's ambivalent assessment of Erasmus". In Enenkel, Karl Alfred Engelbert (ed.).

15608: 12807: 7895:

put intense adolescent and early-adult friendships between monks as natural and useful steps towards "spiritual friendships", following

6913:

in a peacemaking fashion for peacemaking purposes; and any theology that promotes division and warmongering is thereby anti-Christian.

27194: 25663: 25512: 21468: 17138: 16081: 13324: 12459:

Le père du siècle: the early modern reception of Jean Gerson (1363-1429) theological authority between Middle Ages and early modern era

12205: 8839: 6282:

of your flock do not agree either with you or among themselves – indeed though you do not even agree with yourself, since in this same

3873:'s criticism of Erasmus) was arrested by the Spanish Inquisition and had to be ransomed from them by the humanist Archbishop of Toledo 3196:, though whether he actually was accepted for it or took it up is disputed. He studied and taught Greek and researched and lectured on 16353: 14510: 10274: 9356:"If only the Christian church did not attach so much importance to the Old Testament! It is a thing of shadows, given us for a time." 3870: 27239: 27219: 23420: 21310: 21094: 11301:

The Black Death and recurring plague during the late Middle Ages in the County of Hainaut: Differential impact and diverging recovery

10633: 9975:

Rice puts it "Philosophy is felt to be a veil of pretense over an unethical reality...pious disquisitions cannot excuse immorality."

7960:

Erasmus editor Harry Vredeveld argues that the letters are "surely expressions of true friendship", citing what Erasmus wrote in his

6216: 6155: 4428: 1031: 909:: as a prime influencer of European thought through his New Testament and increasing public opposition to aspects of Lutheranism, in 812: 430: 20089: 19179: 27209: 27084: 24859: 23431: 21390: 21054: 14096: 12011: 11263: 6737:, and must take as their model how Christ accommodated the disciples in his interactions with them, and accommodated humans in his 3193: 2579:

and started finding work as a tutor/chaperone to visiting English and Scottish aristocrats. There is no record of him graduating.

842: 21674: 12948: 6927:

explored): the view that Truth belongs to the exuberant, perhaps ecstatic, world of what is foolish, strange, unexpected and even

6114:

Erasmus was one of many scandalized by the sale of indulgences to fund Pope Leo X's projects. His view, given in a 1518 letter to

4096:

library of almost 500 books to Polish humanist Jan Łaski. One of the eventual recipients was the impoverished Protestant humanist

3885: 3852:

fell out of favour with the royal court and lost power within his own organization to friar-theologians. In 1532 Erasmus' friend,

3606:) who together published over 200 works with Erasmus, working with expert scholar-correctors who went on to illustrious careers. 27139: 21244: 14092:

The Reformation in Basel. Oecolampadius. History of the Christian Church, Volume VIII: Modern Christianity. The Swiss Reformation

13858:

Tracey, James (31 December 2010). "The Sponge of Erasmus against the Aspersions of Hutten/ Spongia adversus aspergines Hutteni".

8424: 3358:- Portrait of Peter Gillis or Gilles (1517), half of a diptych with a portrait of Erasmus below, painted as a gift from them for 25457: 20825: 17336: 6806:, and his view of ecclesiastical authorities—from priests like himself to Church Councils—as necessary mediating peace-brokers. 4639: 4130: 27099: 24131: 22414: 18527:

Moore, Michael Edward (13 March 2019). "Truth and Irony: Philosophical Meditations on Erasmus, by Terence J. Martin (Review)".

17658: 17608: 17097:"Erasmus, Luther and the Free Will Debate: Influencing the Philosophy of Management 500 Years on-whether we realise it or not!" 9662: 7655: 6005:

some attacked him, the more offensive he became about what he saw as their political influence and materialistic opportunism.

2697:

Erasmus stayed in England at least three times. In between he had periods studying in Paris, Orléans, Leuven and other cities.

17882: 17121: 15553: 15470: 13790: 11366: 10202:

Philosopher Étienne Gilson has noted "Confronted with the same failure of philosophy to rise above the order of formal logic,

8601:

on the (mostly successful) de-prohibition of Erasmus' works said that he died "as a Catholic having received the sacraments."

7921:

D. F. S. Thomson found two other similar contemporary examples of humanist monks using similar florid idiom in their letters.

7260: 27159: 25656: 21844: 20605: 20553:. University of Toronto Press, 240 pp. Draws parallels between the two thinkers as voices of moderation with relevance today. 20328: 19447: 18680: 18654: 18317: 18264: 18039: 17798: 17752: 17299: 17267: 17158: 16610: 16579: 16496: 16441: 16347: 16188: 16021: 15700: 15591: 15529: 15096: 14479: 14266: 14185: 14139: 14046: 13875: 13766: 13685: 13515: 13450: 13418: 13285:"But for the Voice, the Likeness is Alive": Portraits of Erasmus of Rotterdam and Their Reception among Renaissance Humanists 12659: 12632: 12466: 12355: 12104: 11987: 11876: 11817: 11609: 11312: 11096: 10987:. Vol. 32, no. 1. The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Renaissance Society of America. pp. 73–76. 10743: 10287: 9490: 7520: 6035:,) the downplaying of monastic hours, fasts and ceremonies, and a less mendacious approach to gullible pilgrims and tenants. 4709:

of Jesus, Paul, and the early church: "If only the Christian church did not attach so much importance to the Old Testament!"

1238: 12885: 11507: 8533:"I am so weary of this regionI feel that there is a conspiracy to kill meMany hope for war." Letter to Erasmus Schets (1534) 7014:

Both the Old and the New Testament, like two cherubim with wings joined and unanimous voices, repeatedly sing your praise.

3837: 3696:(Pistorius) was the first priest to be executed as a heretic in the Netherlands. In 1529, his French translator and friend 1080:

for over a year. Eventually Erasmus moved to the same abbey as a postulant in or before 1487, around the age of 16 (or 19.)

27189: 27169: 27164: 22014: 17217: 14750: 8110: 6791: 6193: 5882: 5849:.) Historians have noted that Erasmus commended the benefits of immersive, docile scripture-reading in sacramental terms. 3789: 3430: 3379:(pub. 1516) with Erasmus' encouragement, Erasmus editing and perhaps even contributing fragments. His old Cambridge friend 17: 27119: 6632: 5946:

later emerged, had become so clear that many intellectuals and churchmen could not escape the summons to join the debate.

3158:"two lost years", perhaps due to self-censorship of dangerous or disgruntled opinions; he shared lodgings with his friend 78: 27259: 27254: 25191: 24852: 21070: 20819: 20772: 20760: 15346: 14898: 14220: 11116: 10957: 7044: 6599:"They can deal with any text of scripture as with a nose of wax, and knead it into what shape best suits their interest." 5440: 4355: 4322: 3460: 2817: 2793: 1157:, Colet, and Ammonio. No mentions or sexual accusations were ever made of Erasmus during his lifetime. His works notably 416: 19904: 18914: 15789: 12546:

Scheck, Thomas P. (June 2022). "Mark Vessey (ed.), Erasmus on Literature: His Ratio or 'System' of 1518/1519 (Review)".

11012: 8132:

Clarke, Peter (2005). "New sources for the history of the religious life: the registers of the Apostolic Penitentiary".

3483:. His friends and former students and old correspondents were the incoming political elite, and he had risen with them. 3128:

In 1510, Erasmus arrived at More's bustling house, was confined to bed to recover from his recurrent illness, and wrote

1004:(St. Lebuin's Church). Towards the end of his stay there the curriculum was renewed by the new principal of the school, 993:

Peter's inheritance.) Historians who date his birth in 1466 have Erasmus in Utrecht at the choir school at this period.

23717: 22306: 22289: 21958: 21326: 19956: 16899: 14419: 14065: 12861: 8816: 8520: 7341: 7288:

Until Erasmus received his 1505 and 1517 Papal dispensations to wear clerical garb, Erasmus wore versions of the local

6880:

One effect is that scriptural interpretation must be done starting with the teachings and interactions of Jesus in the

6733:

For Erasmus, accommodation is a universal concept: humans must accommodate each other, must accommodate the church and

4718:

example, that it was not legitimate to have slaves taken in an unjust war, but it was not a subject that occupied him.

3920: 3220: 3169:

He assisted his friend John Colet by authoring Greek textbooks and securing members of staff for the newly established

2701: 2667: 1245: 1145:

While at Stein, 18-(or 21-)year-old Erasmus fell in unrequited love, forming what he called a "passionate attachment" (

21635: 10983:

Gleason, John B. (Spring 1979). "The Birth Dates of John Colet and Erasmus of Rotterdam: Fresh Documentary Evidence".

5897:, though Erasmus found the scholastic formulation of transubstantiation to stretch language past its breaking point. 5865:

A test of the Reformation was the doctrine of the sacraments, and the crux of this question was the observance of the

1237:

In 1493, his prior arranged for him to leave the Stein house and take up the post of Latin Secretary to the ambitious

22833: 21864: 21809: 21669: 20447: 20396: 20242: 19077: 18590: 18184: 18147: 18095: 17594: 17436: 17403: 17182: 17001: 16542: 15819: 15316: 15244: 14734: 12716:

Between Saint James and Erasmus: Studies in Late-Medieval Religious Life – Devotion and Pilgrimage in the Netherlands

12422:

Suzanne, Hélène (December 2014). "Conscience in the Early Renaissance: the case of Erasmus, Luther and Thomas More".

12042: 11688: 11430: 9930: 9795: 8989: 8441:

public heretics’. Nowhere else was the destruction by Christian activists so unexpected, violent, swift and complete.

7984: 7156: 5800: 4944: 4377: 3388: 3348:

who introduced him to the Hebrew language in Mainz. In 1514, he suffered a fall from his horse and injured his back.

3236: 1249: 706: 38: 20782: 19465:"Art, history, and rheumatism: the case of Erasmus of Rotterdam 1466-1536 suffering from pustulotic arthro-osteitis" 12345: 10676: 10658: 10109: 8191:

Movingly remembering later, how Alexander would play the monochord, recorder or lute in the afternoon after studies.

4084:(the former cathedral). The Protestant city authorities remarkably allowed his funeral to be an ecumenical Catholic 1023: 26701: 24690: 24610: 24590: 21788: 21516: 20986: 19038: 18505: 15910: 15667: 15202: 14813: 14532: 13226: 12319: 10921: 9458: 9365:"To Erasmus, Judaism was obsolete. To Reuchlin, something of Judaism remained of continuing value to Christianity." 9249: 9103: 7542: 7461: 7380: 6658:, a life lived according to the teachings of Jesus taken as a spiritual-ethical-social-political-legal philosophy: 6050:

He believed the only vow necessary for Christians should be the vow of Baptism, and others such as the vows of the

5958: 4401: 3996:

for impeding Protestantism. Damião de Góis was tried before the Portuguese Inquisition at age 72, detained almost

3410:

with an annuity of 200 guilders (over US$ 100,000), and tutored his brother, the teenage future Holy Roman Emperor

2976: 2841: 73: 17851: 16868: 16643:"'Non monachus, sed demoniacus': Crime in Medieval Religious Communities in Western Europe, 12th – 15th Centuries" 16272: 13576: 13134: 12035:

THE REVISIONS OF THE ENGLISH HOLY BIBLE: Misunderstandings and Misconceptions about the English Bible Translations

11233: 10014: 9424: 8937: 8695:, 5000 florins could be between US$ 500,000 and US$ 5,000,000; 250 florins could be between $ 25,000 and $ 250,000 8584:(tr. F. Hopman and Barbara Flower; New York: Harper and Row, 1924), p. 190. with the "insider" interpretation of 7115: 5835:) considered as vocations more than events; and for the mysterious Eucharist, pragmatic Confession, the dangerous 3862: 3426: 767:

of translations, books, essays, prayers and letters, he is considered one of the most influential thinkers of the

27264: 26726: 25989: 25707: 25397: 25216: 23486: 23460: 23118: 23031: 22007: 21294: 20697: 14359: 12519: 11956: 9470: 7143: 6568:

Thomas Aquinas inspiring himself on Free Will from the writings of previous theologians such as Augustine. (1652)

5170: 4504: 3728: 3657:

In 1522, Erasmus' compatriot, former teacher (c. 1502) and friend from University of Louvain unexpectedly became

3411: 3093:, advised him which manuscripts to publish, and was an honorary member of the graecophone Aldine "New Academy" ( 2828:

Following his first trip to England, Erasmus returned first to poverty in Paris, where he started to compile the

1057:

satirizes them as the "Collationary Brethren" who select and sort boys for monkhood. He was exposed there to the

824: 22230: 20687:

Discusses both the Toronto translation and the entirely separate Latin edition published in Amsterdam since 1969

17630:

Leushuis, Reinier (2015). "The Paradox of Christian Epicureanism in Dialogue: Erasmus' Colloquy The Epicurean".

17545:

Roberts, Hugh (1 January 2006). "Dogs' Tales: Representations of Ancient Cynicism in French Renaissance Texts".

12091: 11647:

Forrest Tyler Stevens, "Erasmus's 'Tigress': The Language of Friendship, Pleasure, and the Renaissance Letter".

7244:

Various illnesses have been diagnosed of the skeletons claimed to be his, including pustulotic arthro-osteitis,

6153:

In 1520, Erasmus wrote that "Luther ought to be answered and not crushed." However, the publication of Luther's

27204: 27144: 27124: 26651: 25702: 21834: 21829: 21664: 21501: 21478: 21436: 21342: 21186: 21038: 20268: 20216: 20046: 16754:"The Influence of Erasmus upon Melanchthon, Luther and the Formula of Concord in the Doctrine of Justification" 14871: 13167: 11725: 9746: 7791: 7659: 6061:

for all believers, and with more than lip service: for example, the first adage of his reputation-establishing

4739: 4668: 3848:

In the 1530s, life became more dangerous for Spanish Erasmians when Erasmus' protector, the Inquisitor General

1069: 863:

all his life, remaining committed to reforming the church from within. He promoted the traditional doctrine of

830: 395: 210: 20628: 19302:"The Gout of Desiderius Erasmus and Willibald Pirckheimer: Medical Autobiography and Its Literary Reflections" 18120: 17480:

Gianoutsos, Jamie A. (4 May 2019). "Sapientia and Stultitia in John Colet's Commentary on First Corinthians".

10771: 10326:

Erasmus quoted "I have become all things to all men, that I might by all means save some." ( Cor. 9:22, RSV).

8392:

In his own house "Zur alten Treu" which Froben had bought in 1521 and fitted with Erasmus' required fireplace.

7892: 7493:

to solicit Erasmus's support for the Lutheran cause, which Erasmus politely declined. Erasmus wrote a glowing

7465: 7296:, Chapter of Sion, which varied by region and house, unless travelling: in general, a white or perhaps black 7083: 6126: 3609:

His initial interest in Froben's operation was aroused by his discovery of the printer's folio edition of the

1268:

from the vow of poverty to the extent of allowing Erasmus to hold certain benefices, and from the control and

26671: 26351: 25748: 25306: 24580: 24091: 23410: 23243: 23036: 22895: 22746: 21783: 21657: 21318: 21269: 20304: 19093:

Smith, David R (September 2005). "Portrait and Counter-Portrait in Holbein's The Family of Sir Thomas More".

18446:

Pabel, Hilmar M. (1995). "Promoting the Business of the Gospel: Erasmus' Contribution to Pastoral Ministry".

17937:

The Medium was the Message: Classical Rhetoric and the Materiality of Language from Empedocles to Shakespeare

14687: 9702: 9314: 9126: 4984: 4653: 3407: 3317: 3204: 3174: 3104:

In 1507, according to his letters, he studied advanced Greek in Padua with the Venetian natural philosopher,

1104:

Poverty had forced Erasmus into the consecrated life, entering the novitiate in 1487 at the canonry at rural

184: 156: 26767: 24916: 17691: 16051:"Erasmus' attitude to towards Islam in the light of Nicholas of Cusa's De pace fidei and Cribiatio alkorani" 11584: 10337:

Leushuis, Reinier (3 July 2017). "Emotion and Imitation: The Jesus Figure in Erasmus's Gospel Paraphrases".

9860:

Monfasani, John (2012). "Twenty-fifth Annual Margaret Mann Phillips Lecture: Erasmus and the Philosophers".

7942: 5635: 4831: 3447: 3328:, exposed Erasmus to much criticism from those ascetics, academics and clerics hostile to the principles of 2900:

himself offered his support. He was inclined, but eventually did not accept and longed for a stay in Italy.

2715:. There is no record of him gaining any degree. Erasmus was particularly impressed by the Bible teaching of 27134: 27129: 25726: 24650: 24519: 23385: 21839: 21509: 20839: 20439:

Contemporaries of Erasmus: a biographical register of the Renaissance and Reformation; volumes 1 - 3, A - Z

16479:

Williams, David (15 November 2022). "Sacramental Reading: Foxe's Book of Actes and Milton's Fifth Gospel".

9069: 8322: 7831: 7651: 7619: 5793: 5740: 3866: 3688:

In 1523, he provided financial support to the impoverished and disgraced former Latin Secretary of Antwerp

3232: 2980: 18281: 7998:

But also a capacity to feel betrayal sharply, as with his brother Peter, "Cantellius", Aleander, and Dorp.

7187:

Erasmus was given the sobriquet "Prince of the Humanists", and has been called "the crowning glory of the

6431: 5660: 3947: 3476: 3177:

which called for a reformation of ecclesiastical affairs. At Colet's instigation, Erasmus started work on

3059:

at age 37 (or 40.) Erasmus stayed tutoring in Bologna for a year; in the winter, Erasmus was present when

2734: 1154: 27174: 27114: 27059: 26626: 23952: 22797: 22754: 22284: 22274: 21640: 21605: 21422: 21406: 21237: 21211: 21062: 20979: 17153:, Peter Macardle, Clarence H. Miller, trans., Charles Trinkhaus, ed., University of Toronto Press, 1999, 17045: 15742:"Ad Fontes: Desiderius Erasmus' Call for a Return to the Sources of a Unified and Simple Christian Faith" 12822: 11139: 8598: 7581:

programme as a "key achievement": "Almost 640,000 people studied, trained or volunteered abroad in 2020."

7137: 6814:

For Erasmus, further to accommodating humans in his Incarnation, Christ accommodated humans by a kind of

6726:

Historian Manfred Hoffmann has described accommodation as "the single most important concept in Erasmus'

5480: 4706: 3640:, Erasmus' long-researched project of philological notes of the New Testament along the lines of Valla's 3170: 1050: 774:

Erasmus was an important figure in classical scholarship who wrote in a spontaneous, copious and natural

409: 12971: 10543:

This is quite contrary to Luther's privileging of his scheme of justification, its associated verses of

10405:

However, this may go too far: "The Christian Faith does not recognize either inlibration or inverbation"

9842: 8483:, the humanist preacher who had led the efforts in Basel to resist Œcolampadius. Emerton (1889), p.449. 8028:

The position of Latin Secretary to some great churchman or prince had a long and distinguished history:

7924: 6072:

His main Catholic opposition, during had been from scholars in the mendicant orders. He purported that "

3744:

In Spring early 1530 Erasmus was bedridden for three months with an intensely painful infection, likely

3559: 27229: 26777: 26716: 25679: 25605: 25482: 24833: 23479: 22759: 22424: 22389: 22185: 21793: 21444: 21366: 21264: 20927: 20521: 19879: 17357: 15952: 11866: 10796: 7631: 6738: 6265: 5914: 5670: 4816: 4672: 4282:

In the latter, Lady Peace insists on peace as the crux of Christian life and for understanding Christ:

3468: 3452: 1117: 1045:

In 1484, around the age 14 (or 17), he and his brother went to a cheaper grammar school or seminary at

371: 26540: 26520: 24096: 20458:

Encounters with a Radical Erasmus. Erasmus' Work as a Source of Radical Thought in Early Modern Europe

20409: 17714: 10894:"Erasmus as Adolescent: "Shipwrecked am I, and lost, 'mid waters chill'": Erasmus to Sister Elisabeth" 8472: 7191:". He has also been called "the most illustrious rhetorician and educationalist of the Renaissance". 5420: 4476:, Erasmus concludes that truth is furthered by a more harmonious relationship between interlocutors." 3784:

in Sweden and the Ethiopian church, and stimulated Erasmus' increasing awareness of foreign missions.

1276:, though he remained a priest and, formally, an Augustinian canon regular the rest his life. In 1517, 27234: 24720: 24670: 23600: 22978: 22439: 21889: 21873: 21748: 21595: 20437: 19586: 19512:

Appelboom, T.; Rouffin, C.; Vanherweghem, J. L.; Vanden Branden, J. P.; Ehrlich, G. (December 1986).

18225: 18000: 16117: 16011: 15493: 14678: 14415:

Secret lives, public lies: the conversos and socio-religious non-conformism in the Spanish Golden Age

12908: 10949: 9173:"...in large part half-Christian and perhaps nearer to true Christianity than most of our own folk." 8275:

The lost Reformation: Why Lutheranism failed in England during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI

6873: 6714:

In the view of literary historian Chester Chapin, Erasmus' tendency of thought was "towards cautious

5565: 5370: 4039:

having died, and private practice of his religion now possible) and saw his last major works such as

3939: 2654: 2610: 1005: 477: 19844: 15726:

Adiaphora and the Apocalypse: Protestant Moral Rhetoric of Ritual at the End of History (1990 –2003)

11014:

The Epistles of Erasmus: from his earliest letters to his fifty-first year arranged in order of time

7724:

Vollerthun and Richardson suggest three phases, grouping the first two quarters for their purposes.

7634:

is an "international, interdisciplinary Bachelor of Science programme in Liberal Arts and Sciences."

7095: 6372:

Erasmus wrote books against aspects of the teaching, impacts or threats of several other Reformers:

5829:, and their ramifications: notably for the underappreciated sacraments of Baptism and Marriage (see 4371: 4027:(sister of his former student Archduke Ferdinand I and Emperor Charles V), to move from Freiburg to 1232:

Latin Secretaries became a significant part of Erasmus' later network of correspondents and friends.

1001: 27179: 27154: 27149: 26691: 25884: 25776: 25719: 25109: 24931: 24906: 24710: 24660: 24469: 23759: 23096: 23026: 22847: 22612: 22541: 22536: 22235: 21647: 21572: 20745: 20721: 20366: 15411: 15115:

Chester, Stephen (April 2008). "When the Old Was New: Reformation Perspectives on Galatians 2:16".

13028: 12801: 12792: 10591:"Erasmus saw the scholastic exercise, in its high intellectualism, as fundamentally wrong-headed." 10548: 7691: 7640: 7474: 7389: 7218:

Erasmus was a quite sickly man and frequently worked from his sickbed. As a teenager he contracted

6905:

treats the primary and initial teaching of Jesus in the first Gospel as a theological methodology.

6704: 5085: 4841: 4811: 4498:

Erasmus had been involved in early attempts to protect Luther and his sympathisers from charges of

4297:

A historian has called him "The 16th Century's Pioneer of Peace Education and a Culture of Peace".

3897: 3517: 3434: 3325: 3266: 3151: 2877: 1265: 471: 320: 31: 20378: 19137: 17371: 15874: 13714: 10189: 6980:

properly so called, in which these two fundamental researches yield their fruit; and finally, the

6508:

forth in Sacred Scripture or whatever has been handed down to us by the authority of the Church.

1241:, Henry of Bergen, on account of his great skill in Latin and his reputation as a man of letters. 27214: 26802: 26746: 26666: 26062: 24883: 24790: 24101: 23293: 23008: 22948: 22940: 22637: 22632: 22419: 22404: 22269: 21964: 21398: 21118: 20829: 20405: 19992: 19804: 19718: 15227:

Dunkelgrün, Theodor (16 November 2017). "The Christian Study of Judaism in Early Modern Europe".

14604: 11776: 10622: 9466: 8372: 8314: 7676: 6139: 5935: 5675: 5305: 4932: 4794: 4580: 4276: 4040: 3849: 3677: 3646: 3395: 3185: 2769: 2642: 2565: 1063: 836: 795: 423: 402: 366: 310: 24454: 16325: 11892:

Klein, Jan Willem (21 June 2018). "Copyist B of the Erasmiana Manuscripts in Gouda Identified".

11678: 10440:, that each biblical book requires a different mode of proceeding as history, law, lyric, etc. 7289: 5405: 4404:, whom Erasmus blamed for allegedly preventing the Netherlands from signing a peace treaty with 3884:

There was a generational change in the Catholic hierarchy. In 1530, the reforming French bishop

26887: 26852: 26686: 26305: 25806: 25497: 24076: 23988: 22890: 22709: 22326: 22321: 22030: 21921: 21814: 21549: 21230: 21078: 21030: 20849: 20835: 20735: 20711: 20530:

Biblical Criticism in Early Modern Europe: Erasmus, the Johannine Comma, and Trinitarian Debate

20153: 19603:

Shoes, Boots, Leggings, and Cloaks: The Augustinian Canons and Dress in Later Medieval England

19152: 18868: 18064: 12269:

Pacifism in the English Renaissance, 1497-1530: John Colet, Erasmus, Thomas More and J.L. Vives

12136: 11742: 8451: 7902: 7856: 7597:

is one of Europe's foremost recognitions for culture, society or social science. It was won by

6286:

you say one thing in the beginning and something else later on, recanting what you said before.

6166: 5927: 5874: 5595: 5230: 4967: 4631: 4351: 3713: 3563: 3550: 3337: 3166:' compound, skipping out after a disagreement with the friars over rent that caused bad blood. 3143: 2781: 2746: 2683: 514: 460: 26721: 26681: 26641: 17239: 17224: 17172: 16989: 16465: 12581: 11824: 11077:

Mansfield, Bruce (6 May 2003). "Erasmus in the Twentieth Century: Interpretations 1920-2000".

8342: 5938:

in Latin and Greek (1516). The issues between the reforming and reactionary tendencies of the

3207:

while lecturing at the university, between 1511 and 1515. Erasmus' rooms were located in the "

2546: 179: 27064: 26812: 26731: 26600: 26595: 26545: 26022: 25865: 25714: 25452: 25387: 25201: 25060: 24896: 24795: 24785: 24680: 24206: 24161: 23664: 23425: 23380: 23318: 23308: 22647: 22511: 22356: 22346: 22331: 22279: 21728: 21723: 21624: 21600: 21486: 21414: 19551:

Appelboom, T. (1 June 2004). "Art and history: a large research avenue for rheumatologists".

18410:

Jarrott, C. A. L. (1964). "Erasmus' "In Principio Erat Sermo": A Controversial Translation".

17076: 15690: 15262:"ארסמוס והיהודים – מחקר פסיכו-היסטורי / Erasmus and the Jews — a Psychohistoric Reëvaluation" 14589: 14583: 13440: 10668: 10544: 10207: 9476: 8812: 8585: 7752:

was a scholarly name meaning "from Rotterdam", though the Latin toponymic adjective would be

7560: 6457: 6397: 5460: 5165: 5105: 5080: 4888: 4233:

He (Christ) conquered by gentleness; He conquered by kindness; he conquered by truth itself

4189: 3988:, who he had known as a teenaged student in Paris and Cambridge, was later imprisoned in the 3444:

that his income was over 300 ducats per year (over US$ 150,000) without including patronage.

3351: 3013: 2833: 2705: 26857: 20342: 20314: 18936: 18639:

Biblical Commentary and Translation in Later Medieval England: Experiments in Interpretation

16683: 16389:

Tylenda, Joseph N. (December 1971). "Book Review: Erasmus: His Theology of the Sacraments".

16145: 16050: 15983: 15832: 11777:"Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest and theologian (1466-1536)" 9263: 8831: 6654:, The Education of a Christian Prince and the Colloquies, Erasmus developed his idea of the 6525:

Erasmus wrote in terms of a tri-partite nature of man, with the soul the seat of free will:

5470: 5445: 5001: 4464:

Certain works of Erasmus laid a foundation for religious toleration of private opinions and

1288:

granted, for health reasons, a dispensation to eat meat and dairy in Lent and on fast days.

802:, with annotations and commentary that were immediately and vitally influential in both the 27069: 26988: 26958: 26907: 26585: 26470: 26400: 26190: 26165: 26145: 26125: 26087: 26082: 26047: 25929: 25823: 25590: 25585: 25522: 25467: 25271: 25226: 25161: 24921: 24911: 24875: 24800: 24600: 24061: 23415: 22860: 22792: 22735: 22719: 22704: 22684: 22642: 22516: 22361: 22351: 22336: 22301: 22296: 22264: 20899: 20898:( Publication series: Exhibitions on the History of Nonviolent Resistance, No. 1, Editors: 20896:"War is sweet to those who have no experience of it ..." - Protest against Violence and War 20814: 20300: 16329: 13320: 13308: 12796: 9462: 9322: 9279: 9064:

Erasmus was not out-of-step with opinion within the church: Archbishop Bernard II Zinni of

8468: 7884:

However, note that such crushes or bromances may not have been scandalous at the time: the

6083:

Erasmus did also have significant support and contact with reform-minded friars, including

6058: 6051: 5560: 5350: 5315: 5285: 5255: 5225: 5120: 5016: 4836: 4826: 4747: 4686: 4649: 4513: 4509: 4012: 3724: 3486:

He stayed in various locations including Anderlecht (near Brussels) in the summer of 1521.

3005: 2712: 2470: 1109: 1105: 1097: 1073: 986: 930:

on 27 or 28 October ("the vigil of Simon and Jude") in the late 1460s. He was named after

768: 361: 315: 294: 281: 101: 26973: 26505: 24399: 24186: 24121: 23058: 20503: 16424:

Sider, Robert (31 December 2020). Sider, Robert D. (ed.). "Erasmus on the New Testament".

16204:

Cohen, Jeremy (15 August 2022). "3. The Latin West: From Augustine to Luther and Calvin".

15077:

The Cambridge History of the Bible: Volume 2: The West from the Fathers to the Reformation

14893: 14506: 14496: 12611:

Tinelli, Elisa (January 2018). "Erasmus' Panegyricus ad Philippum Austriae ducem (1504)".

11454:

Demolen, Richard L. (1973). "Erasmus' Commitment to the Canons Regular of St. Augustine".

10625: 8467:

He spent the first two years in Freiburg as a guest of the city in the unfinished mansion

8036:. The position was important but not lucrative, unless a stepping-stone to other offices. 6407:

However, Erasmus maintained friendly relations with other Protestants, notably the irenic

6392:

Responsio ad fratres Inferioris Germaniae ad epistolam apologeticam incerto autoreproditam

6228:

situation worse for all, especially for the humanist reform agenda. He eventually chose a

5655: 4533: 3723:, left Basel on the 13 April 1529 and departed by ship to the Catholic university town of 3215:, continuously begging in letters that his friends send him books and money for teachers. 1211: 539: 8: 26963: 26927: 26897: 26661: 26565: 26405: 26366: 26346: 26274: 26160: 25969: 25812: 25799: 25788: 25492: 25412: 25281: 25025: 24979: 24936: 24640: 24201: 24146: 24066: 24008: 23891: 23786: 23516: 23400: 23101: 22973: 22852: 22521: 22444: 22434: 22311: 22195: 22190: 21987: 21753: 21585: 21459: 21452: 21160: 20953: 20884: 20282: 19974: 19172:"Christian History 145 Erasmus: Christ's humanist by Christian History Institute - Issuu" 19171: 18140:

Collected works of Erasmus: an introduction with Erasmus' prefaces and ancillary writings

17291:

The Hybrid Reformation: A Social, Cultural, and Intellectual History of Contending Forces

15152:

The Hybrid Reformation: A Social, Cultural, and Intellectual History of Contending Forces

13399:"On Good Government: Erasmus's Institutio Principis Christiani versus Lipsius's Politica" 12137:"Theologians and Their Bellies: The Erasmian Epithet Theologaster during the Reformation" 7851: 7131: 7129:

The only works with enduring popularity in modern time are his satires and semi-satires:

6932: 6923: 6885: 6680:

Useful "philosophy" needed to be limited to (or re-defined as) the practical and moral:

6605: 6328: 5985: 5962: 5825:

Erasmus expressed much of his reform program in terms of the proper attitude towards the

5625: 5495: 5375: 5310: 5115: 5043: 4922: 4911: 4846: 4664: 4412: 4199: 4097: 4092: 3924: 3766: 3738: 3701: 3537: 3513: 3418: 3307: 3299: 3049: 2857: 2687: 2638: 2542: 1046: 1035: 818: 807: 549: 544: 534: 388: 189: 27008: 26465: 25336: 18789:

Understanding and Presence: The Literary Achievement of the Early Modern Sermon (Thesis)

18765:

Dialogues between Faith and Reason: The Death and Return of God in Modern German Thought

16725: 14090: 12003: 11255: 8631: 7529:

Canterbury Cathedral, England has a statue of Erasmus on the North Face, placed in 1870.

7402:

Quinten Metsys (Massijs), medal commissioned by Desiderius Erasmus. 1519, bronze, 105 mm

5550: 5510: 5465: 3066: 2872: 895:

First was his medieval Dutch childhood, ending with his being orphaned and impoverished;

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Essary, Kirk (2016). "Fiery Heart and Fiery Tongue: Emotion in Erasmus' Ecclesiastes".

17843: 17600: 17562: 17497: 16860: 16852: 16789: 16781: 16447: 16406: 16369: 16264: 16256: 16073: 15902: 15659: 15535: 15431: 15281: 15194: 15132: 15043: 14969: 14918: 14805: 14707: 14699: 14351: 14272: 14191: 14145: 14009: 13836: 13652: 13568: 13560: 13294:

Ingenium et labor. Studia ofiarowane Profesorowi Antoniemu Ziembie z okazji 60. urodzin

13218: 13100: 13073: 12727: 12563: 12511: 12404: 12311: 12299: 12166: 11948: 11909: 11550: 11479: 11471: 11225: 11178: 10988: 10913: 10861: 10801: 10484: 10433: 10354: 10251: 10088: 10006: 9416: 9233: 9156:"The Non-Cosmopolitan Erasmus: An Examination of his Turkophobic/Islamophobic Rhetoric" 9095: 8995: 8929: 8777: 8674: 8237: 8150:

Subsequent students included Ignatius of Loyola, Noël Béda, Jean Calvin, and John Knox.

7901:

The correct direction of passionate love was also a feature of the spirituality of the

7888: 7842:, these ... associations did not emphasise the institutional aspect of religious life." 7672: 7511: 7188: 6795: 6584: 6176: 6135: 6096: 6032: 5894: 5768: 5695: 5320: 5300: 5270: 5220: 5095: 5090: 5038: 4853: 4456: 4397: 3878: 3874: 3689: 3391:. However, in 1517, his great friend Ammonio died in England of the Sweating Sickness. 3376: 3282: 3278: 3162:(Latin secretary to Mountjoy, and the next year, to Henry VIII) provided at the London 3041: 1199: 1121: 1009: 945: 752: 740: 554: 504: 258: 26772: 26430: 26331: 24369: 23153: 23106: 15724: 15554:"The Field of Cloth of Gold | Hampton Court Palace | Historic Royal Palaces" 15266:

Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies / דברי הקונגרס העולמי למדעי היהדות

13816: 12940: 8597:

This assertion is contradicted by Gonzalo Ponce de Leon speaking in 1595 at the Roman

8371:

Rhenanus shared many humanist contacts from Paris and Strassburg: a former student of

7478:

1523. Erasmus used the Holbein portraits as gifts for his friends in England, such as

7470:

Erasmus frequently gifted portraits and medals with his image to friends and patrons.

7077:) was to make notes on whatever he was reading, categorized by theme: he carted these 6010:

to it, haranguing them in their Sermons, that it is a just, holy and religious War. "

5400: 4228:"the angels sang not the glories of war, nor a song of triumph, but a hymn of peace.": 3033:

was a major event in his career and prompted Erasmus to study the New Testament using

26968: 26953: 26842: 26706: 26646: 26580: 26575: 26570: 26491: 26460: 26440: 26326: 26284: 26264: 26180: 26140: 26115: 26004: 25974: 25924: 25909: 25637: 25560: 25527: 25507: 25477: 25472: 25341: 25316: 25296: 25291: 25266: 25156: 25141: 25088: 25045: 25017: 24549: 24449: 24414: 24239: 24216: 24211: 24086: 23702: 23692: 23541: 23526: 23502: 23450: 23446: 23328: 23313: 22983: 22930: 22910: 22812: 22802: 22729: 22558: 22548: 22341: 22129: 22049: 21768: 21652: 21590: 21429: 20793: 20682: 20662: 20601: 20443: 20392: 20324: 20288: 20264: 20238: 20212: 20173: 19785: 19765: 19641: 19568: 19533: 19525: 19494: 19443: 19384: 19368: 19329: 19313: 19274: 19222: 19114: 19073: 19022: 18797: 18676: 18650: 18586: 18548: 18489: 18354: 18313: 18260: 18237: 18180: 18143: 18091: 18049: 18035: 17935: 17835: 17794: 17590: 17566: 17501: 17432: 17399: 17328: 17295: 17263: 17178: 17154: 17096: 16997: 16864: 16844: 16793: 16773: 16606: 16538: 16492: 16451: 16437: 16410: 16343: 16268: 16248: 16184: 16077: 16017: 15815: 15696: 15587: 15525: 15435: 15312: 15273: 15240: 15186: 15136: 15092: 15047: 14973: 14922: 14867: 14797: 14730: 14711: 14475: 14387:

The life and career of Thomas Boleyn (1477–1539): courtier, ambassador, and statesman

14343: 14276: 14262: 14216: 14195: 14181: 14149: 14135: 14042: 14001: 13871: 13840: 13762: 13681: 13644: 13572: 13552: 13511: 13446: 13414: 13398: 13350: 13210: 13105: 12857: 12731: 12655: 12628: 12567: 12503: 12462: 12439: 12396: 12351: 12303: 12170: 12158: 12100: 12093:

Printing and Reading Italian Latin Humanism in Renaissance Europe (ca. 1470-ca. 1540)

12038: 11983: 11913: 11872: 11813: 11721: 11684: 11605: 11542: 11483: 11426: 11308: 11217: 11170: 11092: 10905: 10819:

Avarucci, Giuseppe (1983). "Due codici scritti da 'Gerardus Helye' padre di Erasmo".

10805: 10739: 10488: 10358: 10283: 10203: 10092: 9998: 9926: 9791: 9638:, wrote "The poison of Erasmus has a much more dangerous effect than that of Luther" 9486: 9408: 9241: 9225: 9087: 8999: 8985: 8805:

The Non-Cosmopolitan Erasmus: An Examination of his Turkophobic/Islamophobic Rhetoric

8666: 8662: 8476: 8339:

England, Flanders, France, and Germany, but even in Poland and Hungary..." quoted in

8229: 7980: 7768: 7741: 7625:

It has the Erasmus Institute for Philosophy and Economics (EIPE), which produces the

7571: 7556: 7515: 7230: 7058: 6822:

spiritual more than academic exercise. Erasmus' has been called rhetorical theology (

6587:: in particular the curriculum and systematic methods of the post-Aquinas Schoolmen ( 6583:

He usually eschewed metaphysical, epistemological and logical philosophy as found in

6541: 6376: 6369:

was "was precisely what Erasmus disliked about Luther" and "Protestant polemicists."

6088: 6073: 5890: 5780: 5680: 5605: 5590: 5585: 5555: 5525: 5490: 5485: 5410: 5340: 5250: 5021: 4784: 4701:

Unusually for a Christian theologian of any time, he perceived and championed strong

4690: 4540: 4521: 4405: 4305:

religious ideal—constantly aspired to if seldom attained—was peace and mutual love."

4224: 4126: 3981: 3977: 3909: 3841: 3772:

Despite increasing frailty Erasmus continued to work productively, notably on a new

3599: 3505: 3341: 3303: 3254: 2963: 2821: 2650: 2622: 2486: 1273: 1203: 1027: 941: 931: 748: 564: 356: 346: 26787: 26696: 26525: 26515: 25211: 24319: 24013: 22953: 20475:

Exploiting Erasmus: The Erasmian Legacy and Religious Change in Early Modern England

17604: 17584: 17316: 14462:

Erasmus, Desiderius (31 December 2021). Estes, James M.; Dalzell, Alexander (eds.).

11850: 11837: 11718:

Richard III's books: ideals and reality in the life and library of a medieval prince

9666: 9152:

such nefarious activities, and regarded them as inseparable from waging a crusade."

8781: 8750:

Visser, Arnoud (2017). "Irreverent Reading: Martin Luther as Annotator of Erasmus".

7485: 7441: 6753:"In the beginning was the Word" more like "In the beginning was Speech: using Latin 5645: 5450: 3970: 3472: 3406:). Regarding the last, Erasmus had accepted an honorary position as a Councillor to 3270: 3085:

Erasmus travelled on to Venice, working on an expanded version of his Adagia at the

2789: 1207: 1175: 1039: 26877: 26872: 26797: 26782: 26762: 26550: 26475: 26336: 26220: 26205: 26185: 26130: 26110: 26097: 26042: 25934: 25766: 25462: 25447: 25392: 25382: 25276: 25206: 25196: 25083: 25068: 24891: 24805: 24479: 24439: 24429: 24379: 24364: 24354: 24314: 24274: 24264: 24141: 24111: 24071: 23957: 23793: 23771: 23561: 23551: 23353: 23216: 23186: 23176: 23171: 23068: 23053: 22699: 22595: 22429: 22249: 22220: 22159: 22097: 21763: 21743: 21707: 21580: 21013: 20802: 20654: 20571: 20165: 20067: 19757: 19560: 19484: 19476: 19435: 19412: 19360: 19214: 19133: 19106: 19102: 19065: 19014: 18834: 18793: 18768: 18745: 18717: 18642: 18536: 18455: 18392: 18346: 18305: 18172: 18027: 17913: 17874: 17827: 17786: 17639: 17554: 17489: 17462: 17424: 17391: 17255: 17026: 16971: 16942: 16836: 16765: 16706: 16530: 16484: 16429: 16398: 16335: 16240: 16209: 16176: 16065: 15651: 15579: 15423: 15304: 15232: 15155: 15124: 15084: 15035: 15004: 14961: 14950:"Two Erasmuses and Two Luthers: Erasmus' strategy in defense of De libero arbitrio" 14910: 14844: 14691: 14646: 14502: 14467: 14391: 14335: 14304: 14254: 14173: 14127: 14034: 13863: 13828: 13782: 13754: 13544: 13503: 13406: 13370: 13362: 13316: 13202: 13126: 13095: 13085: 12719: 12620: 12555: 12495: 12431: 12295: 12216: 12148: 12065: 11940: 11901: 11845: 11463: 11358: 11286:

Geloven in de Lage landen; scharniermomenten in de geschiedenis van het Christendom

11209: 11084: 10791: 10783: 10731: 10708: 10579: 10476: 10346: 10185: 10080: 9990: 9918: 9869: 9783: 9400: 8977: 8767: 8759: 8658: 8612: 8480: 8279: 8089: 7605: 7436: 7358: 7038: 6893: 6484:(rhetoric, political education, syncretism.) However, his Christianized version of 6092: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5685: 5615: 5540: 5365: 5275: 5180: 5155: 5125: 4893: 4801: 4644: 4160: 4028: 3985: 3966: 3893: 3749: 3720: 3697: 3541: 3529: 3459:

arriving at left. The figure on horseback with raised sword ahead of Henry VIII is

3441: 3329: 3262: 2997: 2967: 2959: 2947: 2935: 2785: 2777: 2646: 2541:

In 1495 with Bishop Henry's consent and a stipend, Erasmus went on to study at the

2498: 1223: 1195: 764: 756: 639: 559: 509: 44: 26993: 26882: 26621: 26420: 24474: 19830:

Erasmus, Europe and Cosmopolitanism: the Humanist Image and Message in his Letters

19564: 17790: 17744: 17493: 16929:

van Kooten, George; Payne, Matthew; Rex, Richard; Bloemendal, Jan (6 March 2024).

16571: 15088: 12235: 11425:, Translated by Clarence H. Miller, University of Toronto Press, pp. xiv–xv, 10350: 8562:

and formally complaining about the protestantized English translation of Erasmus'

8211: 7780:"Poverty stricken, suffering from quartan fever, and pressurized by his guardians" 7065:'s household has been called "the first real biography in the real modern sense." 5857: 4441: 3285: • Jan van Borssele • Jean de Neve • 1120:. In 1488–1490, the surrounding region was plundered badly by armies fighting the 855: 27003: 26892: 26827: 26817: 26741: 26636: 26631: 26535: 26510: 26341: 26321: 26294: 26289: 26259: 26200: 25944: 25771: 25570: 25246: 25236: 25231: 25146: 25114: 25104: 24755: 24750: 24514: 24459: 24444: 24424: 24404: 24359: 24334: 24244: 24196: 24181: 24081: 24041: 23932: 23927: 23754: 23642: 23556: 23531: 23360: 23343: 23298: 23288: 23233: 23206: 23143: 23138: 23123: 23048: 22784: 22774: 22409: 22399: 22200: 22077: 21950: 21153: 20318: 20278: 20121: 19587:"Four canons with Sts Augustine and Jerome by an open grave, with the Visitation" 19060:

Tello, Joan (25 January 2023). "Catalogue of the Works of Erasmus of Rotterdam".

17366: 17174:

Erasmus and the Middle Ages: The Historical Consciousness of a Christian Humanist

16710: 16105: 15932:

Remer, Gary (1989). "Rhetoric and the Erasmian Defense of Religious Toleration".

15427: 14210: 13952:"Pope Adrian VI, the 'Barbarian From the North' Who Wanted to Reform the Vatican" 13671: 12877: 12649: 12624: 11807: 11498: 11420: 10856:

Vredeveld, Harry (Winter 1993). "The Ages of Erasmus and the Year of his Birth".

10680: 10662: 9787: 9735:"Hercules, Silenus and the Fly: Lucian's Rhetorical Paradoxes in Erasmus' Ethics" 9482: 9275: 9187:

Remer, Gary (1989). "Rhetoric and the Erasmian Defense of Religious Toleration".

8634:) noting Erasmus' stipulation that this was "as the (Catholic) Church believes." 8380: 8376: 8114: 7974: 7123: 6592: 6544:, Erasmus was the first modern scholar "to note the similarities between Plato's 6496: 6412: 5939: 5931: 5705: 5665: 5610: 5545: 5535: 5505: 5500: 5475: 5430: 5415: 5395: 5335: 5280: 5210: 5145: 4393: 4363: 4163:

against which the failures of Christian culture can be exposed and criticized."

4051: 3989: 3962: 3946:, who Erasmus and More had first met as a boy. Despite illness Erasmus wrote the 3858: 3762: 3626: 3533: 3509: 3501: 3422: 3380: 3345: 3295: 3286: 2955: 2658: 2618: 2572: 2564:

humanism. For instance, Erasmus became an intimate friend of an Italian humanist

2469:

Erasmus traveled widely and regularly, for reasons of poverty, "escape" from his

1183: 1171: 1134: 1058: 1020:(Rotterdam?) where he was supported by Berthe de Heyden, a compassionate widow. 860: 779: 744: 609: 529: 519: 466: 26435: 18787: 16339: 16069: 15075:

Bouyer, Louis (1969). "Erasmus in Relation to the Medieval Biblical Tradition".

13062: 12765:, Ed. H.M. Allen, (Oxford University Press, 1937), Ep. 3032: 219–22; 2682: 8–13. 12744:

Murray, Stuart. 2009. The library: an illustrated history. Chicago, ALA Editions

12499: 12435: 11944: 9593:

connotes more than just good, but also moral, honest and brave literature. Such

8107: 4606:

However, there is a wide range of scholarly opinion on the extent and nature of

2892:'s house, now a lawyer and Member of Parliament, honing his translation skills. 1230: • Pierre Barbier • Lambert Grunnius (fictitious) 26832: 26807: 26736: 26676: 26450: 26445: 26425: 26380: 26215: 26210: 26155: 26077: 26057: 25994: 25870: 25731: 25648: 25432: 25377: 25166: 24987: 24810: 24700: 24630: 24529: 24504: 24374: 24344: 24304: 24269: 24126: 24051: 24036: 24031: 23922: 23912: 23622: 23573: 23333: 23323: 23263: 23211: 23148: 23043: 22968: 22925: 22905: 22694: 22570: 22531: 22225: 22215: 22210: 22134: 21618: 21559: 21554: 21382: 21350: 20789: 20344:

Erasmus and the Age of Reformation,with a Selection from the Letters of Erasmus

20338: 19930: 18690: 18670: 18396: 17151:

Collected Works of Erasmus, Controversies: De Libero Arbitrio / Hyperaspistes I

16534: 16402: 15655: 13366: 13351:"Erasmus: The 16th Century's Pioneer of Peace Education and a Culture of Peace" 12220: 11500:

Imitations of Christ: Ignatius of Loyola, Philip Neri and the influence of the

10672:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved 10 August 2019 from New Advent: 10480: 10084: 9846:

as well as with an allergy to dogmatic formulations and an appreciation of the

9819: 9614: 9606: 9598: 9304: 9296: 9065: 8959: 8577: 8458:, op. cit., p26, says that Œcolampadius wanted to drive Erasmus from the city. 8415: 8402: 8033: 8011: 7737: 7585: 7564: 7504: 7488:

also produced portraits of Erasmus, whom he met three times, in the form of an

7479: 7385: 7374: 7350: 7318: 7241:(which had killed his parents) but several others diagnosed as not the plague. 7119: 6799: 6420: 5870: 5700: 5690: 5515: 5435: 5425: 5295: 5235: 4989: 4962: 4927: 4863: 4776: 4627: 4584: 4109: 4063: 4055: 4023:

When his strength began to fail, he finally decided to accept an invitation by

3905: 3889: 3830: 3748:, that, unusually for him, left him too ill to work. He declined to attend the 3658: 3525: 3480: 3355: 3212: 3159: 3137: 3105: 3094: 3090: 3060: 2993: 2943: 2939: 2919: 2915: 2897: 2773: 2720: 2671: 2614: 2606: 2602: 1261: 1191: 1146: 1125: 937: 799: 791: 727: 569: 263: 243: 26917: 21738: 21180:

The first tome or volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the newe testamente

20755: 20740: 20716: 19634:"Some Uses of Experiment for Understanding Early Knitting and Erasmus' Bonnet" 19439: 19069: 19018: 18772: 18646: 18540: 18194: 18164: 17917: 17643: 17558: 17466: 17428: 17395: 17030: 16975: 16947: 16930: 16488: 16213: 16180: 15613:

The Social and Psychological Underpinnings of Commercial Arbitration in Europe

15539: 15519: 15308: 15236: 15159: 15008: 14914: 14308: 14258: 14177: 14131: 14038: 14027:

Rublack, Ulinka (2017). "People and Networks in the Age of the Reformations".

13867: 13832: 13410: 12723: 12153: 11905: 11112: 10787: 10735: 10726:

Olin, John (23 October 2020). "Introduction: Erasmus, a Biographical Sketch".

10712: 9922: 9873: 9814:"Despite a lack of formal philosophical training and an antipathy to medieval 8981: 8748:

His mode of expression made him "slippery like a snake" according to Luther -

8313:

Historians have speculated that Erasmus passed on to More an early version of

5650: 3781: 3700:

was burnt in Paris, following his condemnation as an anti-Rome heretic by the

3636:

In collaboration with Froben and his team, the scope and ambition of Erasmus'

3040:

In 1506 they passed through Turin and he arranged to be awarded the degree of

2571:

During this time, Erasmus developed a deep aversion to exclusive or excessive

27053: 27013: 26983: 26912: 26605: 26560: 26299: 26269: 26170: 26150: 26135: 26027: 26017: 25904: 25817: 25502: 25357: 25301: 25256: 25136: 25078: 24992: 24941: 24926: 24815: 24524: 24509: 24499: 24484: 24434: 24389: 24349: 24284: 24279: 24249: 24116: 24056: 23998: 23722: 23536: 23303: 23228: 23111: 23091: 23003: 22958: 22169: 21897: 21567: 21253: 21191: 20666: 20627:(U of Toronto Press, 1974–2023). 84/86 volumes published as of mid 2023; see 20177: 19769: 19645: 19529: 19372: 19317: 19278: 19248: 19226: 19026: 18902: 18493: 18358: 18309: 18241: 18226:"Religion and Right in the Philosophia Christriana of Erasmus from Rotterdam" 17839: 17332: 16962:

Cummings, Brian (1 January 2013). "Erasmus and the Invention of Literature".

16848: 16777: 16252: 15277: 15190: 15128: 14801: 14347: 14005: 13648: 13556: 13214: 13090: 12507: 12443: 12400: 12307: 12162: 11546: 11221: 11174: 11144: 10909: 10673: 10655: 10259: 10175: 10002: 9855: 9851: 9847: 9815: 9412: 9229: 9091: 8906: 8720:

Erkenntnis und Verwirklichung der wahren Theologie nach Erasmus von Rotterdam

8670: 8267: 8233: 7979:, Translated by Clarence H. Miller, University of Toronto Press, p. xv, 7835: 7594: 7537: 7422:'s "Death is the ultimate boundary of things," which re-casts the motto as a 7354: 7293: 7219: 6131: 6054:, while admirable in intent and content, were now mainly counter-productive. 5943: 5600: 5530: 5345: 5330: 5290: 5205: 5160: 5150: 5011: 4937: 4883: 4858: 4408:

and other schemes to cause wars in order to extract money from his subjects.

4081: 4036: 4017: 3958: 3916: 3693: 3595: 3579: 3540: • Gilbert Cousin • Jakob Näf • 3384: 3368: 3258: 3163: 3026: 3001: 2801: 2768:

Jean Vitrier (or Vourier) • Jacob/James Batt •

2679: 2630: 2626: 2576: 2557: 2553: 1219: 1077: 868: 499: 225: 140: 20876: 20169: 19799: 19713: 19218: 18838: 18749: 18721: 18459: 17289: 15777: 14650: 14563: 14413: 14028: 13206: 10511:

to enter," Erasmus warned, "else you might bump your head and bounce back!"

9589: 8616: 8093: 6741:; which in turn merely reflects the eternal mutual accommodation within the 4344: 3818:(1534) which would be one of Erasmus' most popular and most hijacked works. 3063:

entered victorious into the conquered Bologna which he had besieged before.

2888:

For Erasmus' second visit, he spent over a year staying at recently married

26998: 26937: 26847: 26656: 26316: 26120: 25959: 25899: 25575: 25417: 25362: 25035: 24494: 24489: 24464: 24394: 24329: 24289: 24259: 24254: 24166: 24156: 24046: 23781: 23776: 23764: 23685: 23671: 23595: 23248: 23238: 23201: 23191: 23181: 23073: 22988: 22920: 22817: 22481: 22205: 22154: 21849: 21758: 21334: 21102: 20941: 20880: 20512: 20417: 19572: 19513: 19388: 18299: 18176: 15039: 14965: 14395: 13109: 12559: 12284:"Dean Colet's Convocation Sermon and the Pre-Reformation Church in England" 11213: 9635: 9207: 8475:

this rent, and that of another refugee from Basel in his house, his fellow

7424: 7277: 7223: 7165:

Holbein's studies of Erasmus's hands, in silverpoint and chalks, ca. 1523 (

7078: 6727: 6485: 6388: 5725: 5265: 5140: 4979: 4660: 4607: 4388:

He spoke more freely about this matter in letters sent to his friends like

4085: 3734: 3521: 3274: 3133: 3086: 3071: 2931: 2797: 2634: 2556:, of whose rigors he complained. The university was then the chief seat of 1215: 1187: 1179: 906: 599: 55: 26922: 26711: 20292: 19537: 19511: 19498: 19333: 18736:

Marius, Richard (1998). "Eleventh-Annual Margaret Mann Phillips Lecture".

18031: 17259: 16433: 15583: 14848: 14471: 13758: 13507: 12800: 11088: 10452:

comes from Origen and was also picked up by Melanchthon. Saarinen, Risto.

9245: 7195:

By the 1570s, "Everyone had assimilated Erasmus to one extent or another."

6786:

In this light, Erasmus' ability to have friendly correspondence with both

4730: 3394:

In 1516, Erasmus published the first edition of his scholarly Latin-Greek

3225: 1227: 1124:

of succession and then suffered a famine. Erasmus professed his vows as a

26932: 26902: 26867: 26862: 26837: 26822: 26792: 26390: 26385: 26362: 26254: 26249: 26230: 26195: 26105: 25894: 25595: 25407: 25402: 25367: 25331: 25326: 25321: 25311: 25286: 25251: 25186: 25176: 24775: 24570: 24544: 24539: 24339: 24324: 24191: 24171: 24151: 24003: 23978: 23937: 23798: 23707: 23697: 23659: 23617: 23580: 23546: 23268: 23253: 23133: 23128: 22674: 22607: 22526: 22491: 22471: 22139: 21999: 21981: 21824: 21715: 21544: 21539: 20888: 20637:(U of Toronto Press, 1975–2023), 21/21 volumes down to 1536 are published 20154:"The Allegation of Erasmus' Syphilis and the Question of His Burial Site" 19480: 18387:

Hoffmann, Manfred (July 1991). "Erasmus on Language and Interpretation".

16229:"Review of Opera Omnia. vo. V-2. Opera Omnia vol. V-3. Opera Omnia. II-4" 15023: 14949: 14676:

Hoffmann, Manfred (Summer 1989). "Faith and Piety in Erasmus's Thought".

14582: 13195:

Nederlands Archief voor Kerkgeschiedenis / Dutch Review of Church History

10437: 10372: 10050: 9887: 9332: 7919:

Erasmus used similar expressions in letters to other friends at the time.

7683: 7666: 7373:. The ring was also depicted in a portrait of his by the Flemish painter 7281: 7062: 6936: 6921:

Another important concept to Erasmus was "the Folly of the Cross" (which

6787: 6588: 6408: 6084: 6077: 5735: 5730: 5640: 5630: 5620: 5520: 5360: 5355: 5325: 5260: 5240: 4876: 4780: 4567: 4450: 4389: 4168: 3935: 3931: 3901: 3662: 3622: 3372: 3359: 3189: 3147: 2889: 2745:, and whose intellect had been developed by his powerful patron Cardinal 2742: 2738: 2724: 2675: 2594: 2561: 1285: 962: 958: 872: 850: 803: 760: 524: 494: 238: 22060: 20913: 19325: 19301: 19286: 19262: 19234: 19202: 19034: 19002: 18501: 18477: 18019: 16295: 15906: 15890: 15663: 15639: 15285: 15261: 15198: 15174: 14809: 14786:"Erasmus and the Cracow Humanists: The Purchase of His Library by Łaski" 14785: 14727:

Between Saint James and Erasmus: Studies in Late Medieval Religious Life

14385: 13656: 13632: 13309:"The Thomism of Bartolomé de Las Casas and the Indians of the New World" 13222: 13190: 12315: 12283: 11980:

The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 2204-2356 (August 1529-July 1530)

11554: 11530: 11182: 11158: 11078: 10917: 10893: 10705:

The Idea of International Society: Erasmus, Vitoria, Gentili and Grotius

10036:"For I am ready to swear that Epimenides came to life again in Scotus." 9663:"The differences between Erasmus and Luther in their approach to reform" 9237: 9213: 9160:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi (Academic Journal of History and Idea)

9099: 9075: 8678: 8646: 8241: 8217: 7588:

project is aimed at attracting non-European students to study in Europe.

7456:

Commemorative coins or medals of Erasmus by Göbel, Georg Wilhelm (1790)

6703:

Three key distinctive features of the spirituality Erasmus proposed are

6031:

requiring work not begging (reflecting the practice of his own order of

3650:

and pirated individually throughout Europe— then finally his amplified

27018: 26395: 26311: 25979: 25839: 25600: 25422: 25073: 24901: 24780: 24740: 24309: 24299: 24176: 24106: 23993: 23962: 23942: 23886: 23881: 23836: 23731: 23196: 22993: 22915: 22900: 22689: 22659: 22622: 22580: 22575: 22506: 22144: 21819: 21778: 21086: 20971: 20674: 20642: 19514:"Can a diagnosis be made in retrospect? The case of Desiderius Erasmus" 19380: 19348: 18423: 18366: 18334: 17847: 17815: 17781:

Boyle, Marjorie O'rourke (25 November 1999). "Evangelism and Erasmus".

17101:

Conference: Philosophy of Management Conference University of Greenwich

16856: 16824: 16785: 16753: 16529:. Cambridge Companions to Religion. Cambridge University Press: 28–38. 16260: 16228: 15692:

Holland Under Habsburg Rule, 1506-1566: The Formation of a Body Politic

14866:. Hants England; Burlington, Vermont, USA: Ashgate Publishing Limited. 14703: 14013: 13989: 13564: 13532: 13249: 13118: 12408: 12384: 12069: 11475: 11399: 11229: 11197: 10992: 10865: 10163: 10010: 9978: 9420: 9388: 8933: 8917: 8772: 8763: 7885: 7647: 7316:(cape), perhaps with an asymmetrical black cope of cloth or sheepskin ( 7238: 6889: 6803: 6624:(Not to be confused with his Italian contemporary Chrysostom Javelli's 6500: 6492: 6461: 6115: 5836: 5826: 5185: 4898: 4806: 4480: 4248: 4074: 3943: 3719:

Erasmus, in company with other Basel Catholic priests including Bishop

3681: 3618: 3456: 3054: 3021: 2989: 2716: 2711:

During his first visit to England in 1499, he studied or taught at the

2598: 2550: 1277: 1093: 351: 230: 144: 24844: 19777: 19745: 17137:(Assertion of all the Articles condemned by the Bull of Leo X, 1520), 17135:

Assertio omnium articulorum per bullam Leonis X. novissimam damnatorum

14355: 14323: 13375: 12515: 12483: 11952: 11928: 8555:

During which he occupied himself copying out quotations from Erasmus'

7161: 6423:

commented: "Certainly there was no lack of eggs for Luther to hatch."

4300:

Erasmus' emphasis on peacemaking reflects a typical pre-occupation of

2490: 26554: 26240: 25834: 25565: 25437: 24820: 24770: 24534: 24409: 24136: 23907: 23831: 23738: 23712: 23632: 23338: 23063: 22885: 22714: 22679: 22664: 22627: 22044: 21611: 21130: 12061:

Apostolic theology and humanism at the University of Paris, 1490–1540

12059: 10146:

as taught by Erasmus has never been factual reality; wherever it was

9831: 9827: 8876:

conveniently ignored the anti-semitic aspect of Erasmus’ statement."

8283: 8214:, the former tutor of Prince Arthur, had promised to cover the rent. 7896: 7658:(CJEU). The building houses the chambers of the judges of the CJEU's 7598: 7578: 7533: 7489: 7445: 7362: 7273: 6765: 6481: 6473: 6469: 6453: 6383: 6257: 6253: 6108: 5959:

criticism of clerical corruption and abuses within the Western Church

5866: 4917: 4821: 4525: 4465: 4252: 4204: 4047: 3993: 3810:(1533) which sold out in three hours at the Frankfurt Book Fair, and 3712:

Following sudden, violent, iconoclastic rioting in early 1529 led by

3603: 3034: 2853: 2749:(d. 1500) who had famously attempted reforms of English monasteries. 927: 880: 876: 864: 849:

Erasmus lived against the backdrop of the growing European religious

783: 454: 341: 97: 23471: 20658: 20582:

Erasmo y España: Estudios Sobre la Historia Espiritual del Siglo XVI

20424:. Translated by Eden and Cedar Paul. Garden City Publishing Co., Inc 20211:(Reprinted in paperback ed.). Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press. 19654: 19364: 19130:

Printed Commonplace-Books and the Structuring of Renaissance Thought

18958: 18705: 18580: 18350: 18142:. Toronto Buffalo (N.J.) London: University of Toronto press. 2019. 17831: 17419:

Traninger, Anita (25 January 2023). "Erasmus and the Philosophers".

16840: 16769: 16244: 15462: 14695: 13548: 13283: 13164:

Queens' College Cambridge. Queens' Rare Book and Special Collections

12941:"Erasmian Perspectives on Copyright: Justifying a Right to Research" 11467: 9994: 9913:

Traninger, Anita (25 January 2023). "Erasmus and the Philosophers".

9734: 9404: 9155: 8168:

According to theologian Thomas Scheck "In the fuller context of the

7783: 7497:

about the artist, likening him to famous Greek painter of antiquity

7333:

All Erasmus' portraits show him wearing a knitted scholar's bonnet.

5831: 3594:. He developed a lasting association with the great Basel publisher 3570: 1158: 27033: 26454: 26032: 25984: 25889: 25879: 25849: 25829: 25793: 25620: 25517: 25487: 25181: 25040: 25007: 24745: 24221: 23947: 23917: 23876: 23871: 23637: 23612: 23405: 23395: 22880: 22875: 22870: 22822: 22669: 22585: 22553: 22466: 22458: 22149: 22124: 22092: 22087: 21854: 21629: 20960: 20865: 20861: 20522:

Fatal Discord - Erasmus, Luther, and the Fight for the Western Mind

20463: 19828: 19761: 19416: 17517:"Erasmus and Christian Cynicism as Cultural Context for Toleration" 15028:

Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte - Archive for Reformation History

14339: 14295:

van Herwaarden, Jan (2012). "Erasmus and the Non-Christian World".

11626: 10255: 9963: 9836: 9727:(“true religion ought to be the most cheerful thing in the world”; 9631: 8603:

Menchi, Silvana Seidel (2000). "Sixteenth-Annual Bainton Lecture".

8471:

and was indignant when an attempt was made to charge back-rent: he

7784:"The Making of Erasmus's New Testament and Its English Connections" 7695: 7494: 7370: 7245: 6931:

to us, rather than to the frigid worlds which intricate scholastic

6750: 6477: 6465: 5763: 5130: 5100: 5006: 4996: 4974: 4903: 4529: 4488:

expedient. Above all they should have guarded against all sedition.

4436: 4244: 3854: 2923: 2530: 997: 914: 731:; 28 October c. 1466 – 12 July 1536), commonly known in English as 253: 21375:

The Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ—Against the Fanatics

15521:

Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Pacifism, Just War, and Peacebuilding

13633:"The Concept of Scholar-Publisher in Renaissance: Johannes Froben" 13130: 10178:'s statement "the greatest philosopher is none other than Christ." 9778:

Baker-Smith, Dominic (1994). "Uses of Plato by Erasmus and More".

9694: 8273: 4566:

The focus of most of his political writing was about peace within

4483:

included a particular dislike for sedition, which caused warfare:

883:

approach disappointed, and even angered, partisans in both camps.

67: 26486: 26225: 25964: 25939: 25854: 25782: 25736: 25002: 24997: 23846: 23627: 23585: 23568: 22654: 22565: 22486: 22476: 22119: 22072: 20948: 20767: 20414:. Berkeley – Los Angeles – London: University of California Press 18989:

131 Christians Everyone Should Know. Nashville: Holman Reference,

17685: 17288:

Ocker, Christopher (2022). "Erasmus and Biblical Scholasticism".

13677: 12033:

Andrews, Edward D.; Lightfoot, J.B.; Kenyon, Frederic G. (2022).

11664: 10575: 10211: 9389:"Forgiveness and Consolation in the Religious Thought of Erasmus" 9318: 8519:

Erasmus writing a moving letter to William Blount's teenaged son

7827: 7687: 7498: 7297: 6881: 6769: 6742: 5886: 5110: 5075: 5033: 5028: 4907: 3908:(widely tipped as the next pope) died, and his old ally Cardinal 3904:(the "inclement Clement") died, his recent Italian ally Cardinal 3826: 3807:

A Playne and Godly Exposition or Declaration of the Commune Crede

3575: 3332:

and religious reform to which he was devoting his life. In 1514,

2951: 2836:

at St Omer (1501,1502) where he wrote the initial version of the

2522: 2502: 2494: 2474: 1088: 982: 787: 21222: 20598:

Esortazione alla filosofia. La Paraclesis di Erasmo da Rotterdam

20306:

Life and Letters of Erasmus: lectures delivered at Oxford 1893-4

18706:"Icarus of Basel? Oecolampadius and the Early Swiss Reformation" 18672:

Remembering the Reformation: Martin Luther and Catholic Theology

18637:

Kraebel, Andrew (2020). "Interpretive Theories and Traditions".

17234:"Circumspice populum istum Euangelicum…" Latin text in Erasmus, 16996:. Vol. 10. University of Toronto Press. 1992. p. 380. 16628:

The Modern Devotion: Confrontation with Reformation and Humanism

15876:

Life and letters of Erasmus: lectures delivered at Oxford 1893–4

15814:(University Park: University of Pennsylvania Press 1996), p. 95 14899:"Truth and Irony: Philosophical Meditations on Erasmus (Review)" 10403:

Margaret O'Rourke Boyle sees it as "The text was real presence."

6841:" ("nothing is to be sought in the sacred letters but Christ"). 6325:

An epistle against those who falsely boast they are Evangelicals

4571:

rule, no forced conversions, and keeping promises made to them.

3668: 3192:, arranged for Erasmus to be (or to study to prepare to be) the 26067: 25949: 25844: 25544: 25151: 24765: 23856: 23826: 23678: 23590: 23521: 22724: 22617: 22496: 21146: 20902:, Dominique Miething). Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin, 2022. 20537:

Erasmus and the “Other”: On Turks, Jews, and Indigenous Peoples

20442:(Paperback, ed.). Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press. 2003. 19845:"Quinten Massys (1465/6-1530) - Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536)" 17715:"Philosophy and Religion in service of the Philosophia Christi" 16173:

Erasmus and the "Other": On Turks, Jews, and Indigenous Peoples

15299:

Martin, Terence J. (25 January 2023). "Erasmus and the Other".

14637:

Kusukawa, Sachiko (2003). "Nineteenth-Annual Bainton Lecture".

9327: 8914:, which he upbraided for their moral and spiritual uselessness. 8692: 8119:

The Two Lost Years of Erasmus: Summary, Review, and Speculation

8029: 8017:

The Two Lost Years of Erasmus: Summary, Review, and Speculation

7788:

Sparks and Lustrous Words: Literary Walks, Cultural Pilgrimages

7419: 7313: 7301: 7166: 6768:" (or "slippery squid") and Christ, who was "more mutable than 6441: 5215: 5175: 5135: 4499: 4473: 4001: 3877:, also a correspondent of Erasmus', who had previously rescued 3614: 3591: 3197: 3108:. He found employment tutoring and escorting Scottish nobleman 3075: 2881: 2845: 2518: 981:

In 1471 his father became the vice-curate of the small town of

248: 220: 215: 16603:

European History in Perspective: The Long European Reformation

14464:

The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 2940 to 3141, Volume 21

9659:

Another commentator: "Erasmus laid the egg that Luther broke"

8896:

Letter to Carondelet: The Preface to His Edition of St. Hilary

8159:

Some of these visits were interrupted by trips back to Europe.

8078:

The canonry burnt down in 1549 and the canons moved to Gouda.

3417:

In 1517, he supported the foundation at the university of the

663: 25372: 23866: 23861: 23841: 23649: 22501: 22054: 16726:"Make Haste Slowly: Aldus and Erasmus, Printers and Scholars" 13715:"Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam (Hans Holbein the Younger)" 13191:"Erasmus and the Louvain Theologians — a Strategy of Defense" 10467:

Markos, Louis A. (April 2007). "The Enchiridion of Erasmus".

10262:

to the crucial place accommodation obtains in his theology".)

10071:

Markos, Louis A. (April 2007). "The Enchiridion of Erasmus".

9823: 8910: 8010:

The biographer J.J. Mangan commented of his time living with

7748:

was an adopted additional name, which he used from 1496. The

7662:

and three courtrooms. It is next to the Thomas More Building.

6017:

who were not thought good for any Thing in a Time of Peace."

4446: 4032: 3980:

eventually died in prison under Elizabeth I for refusing the

3587: 3231:

By this time More was a judge on the poorman's equity court (

2526: 2514: 2506: 2482: 2478: 910: 775: 120: 20584:(1950), Fondo de Cultura Económica (1997) ISBN 968-16-1069-5 20028: 17687:

The contribution of isocrates to western educational thought

17223:, Preserved Smith, 1923, Harper & Brothers, pp. 391–92. 16928: 16805: 16803: 15984:"Islam as a Heresy: Christendom's Ideological View of Islam" 13751:

The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 1252-1355 (1522-1523)

11627:"Richard of St. Victor, On the Four Degrees of Violent Love" 10428:

This was a fine-grained extension of the medieval theory of

6591:) and what he regarded as their frigid, counter-productive 4618: 4439:

over intolerant assertions, though he sharply distinguished

4221:"the sum and summary of our religion is peace and unanimity" 3888:

died. In 1532 his beloved long-time mentor English Primate

1116:

community largely borrowed its rule from the larger monkish

26037: 23851: 22082: 20010: 18478:"Rhetoric and the Erasmian Defence of Religious Toleration" 16701:

Knowles, Dom David (27 September 1979). "Ch XI - Erasmus".

14033:(2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 92–123. 13893:

The History of the Popes, from the Close of the Middle Ages

10703:

Vollerthun, Ursula; Richardson, James L. (31 August 2017).

9331:

be destroyed; both Reuchlin and Pfefferkorn called out the

8201:

promptness by different associates in different countries.

7812:

Canons regular of St Augustine, Chapter of Sion (or Syon),

7526:

In 1790, Georg Wilhelm Göbel struck commemorative medals.'

7249: 5245: 3132:, which was to be a best-seller. More was at that time the 3012:

In 1506 he was able to accompany and tutor the sons of the

2510: 771:

and one of the major figures of Dutch and Western culture.

695: 669: 666: 648: 193: 16466:"Praise of Folly | work by Erasmus | Britannica" 13500:

The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 594-841 (1517-1518)

11011:

Erasmus, Desiderius; Nichols, Francis Norgan (1901–1918).

9650:

Namely Egmondanus, the Louvain Carmelite Nicolaas Baechem.

9076:"Concepts of Reform Proposed at the Fifth Lateran Council" 4427:

He referred to his irenical disposition in the Preface to

2529:), and avoiding the persecution of religious fanatics (to 1161:

moderate sexual desire in marriage between men and women.

1083: 22164: 20482:

Erasmus, Contarini, and the Religious Republic of Letters

19653:

Malcolm-Davies, Jane; Kruseman, Geeske (1 January 2016).

16800: 14446:

History and Biography in the Work of Erasmus of Rotterdam

12910:

The Oxford Reformers. John Colet, Erasmus and Thomas More

8297:"Beer does not suit me either, and the wine is horrible." 6357:

Epistola contra quosdam qui se falso iactant evangelicos.

3954:, which Froben published, at the instigation of de Góis. 2549:, a centre of reforming zeal, under the direction of the 905:

Fourth, his final more secure and settled years near the

686: 677: 654: 19684:(in German). Berlin: Julius Bard Verlag. pp. 78–79. 18296: 13700:

Bloch Eileen M. (1965). "Erasmus and the Froben Press."

9818:, Erasmus possessed not only a certain familiarity with 7939:

attestation of the genuine rather than formal fondness.

7114:

He is noted for his extensive scholarly editions of the

4656:: Erasmus felt Pfefferkorn had personally attacked him. 4400:: a particular target of his criticisms was the Emperor 4062:, the same last words as Melanchthon) then "Dear God" ( 2966: • Scipio Carteromachus • 891:

Erasmus's almost 70 years may be divided into quarters.

18171:. Catholic University of America Press. pp. 1–42. 18090:. University of Toronto Press. 1990. pp. 169–194. 17816:"Erasmus on the Social Functions of Christian Humanism" 17524:

Theological Foundations of Modern Constitutional Theory

16013:

The Christology of Erasmus: Christ, Humanity, and Peace

15454: 12856:. Toronto Buffalo London: University of Toronto Press. 12064:(Thesis). Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. 8218:"A History of the English Austin Friars (continuation)" 7925:"Erasmus as a poet in the context of northern humanism" 7365:. The herm was presented to him in Rome by his student 7345:

Signet rings of Erasmus of Rotterdam: Amerbach Kabinett

7118:

in Latin and Greek, and the complete works of numerous

6643:) In fact, Christ was "the very father of philosophy" ( 6331:(former Bishop of Utrecht, also schooled at Deventer). 4422: 20786:" entry in Catholic Encyclopedia, 1909 by Joseph Sauer 20504:

Truth and Irony - Philosophical Meditations on Erasmus

19652: 19247:

Latourette, Kenneth Scott. A History of Christianity.

18018:

Sider, Robert (2 April 2020). Sider, Robert D. (ed.).

12032: 8329:

but then finding heresy in his translations and works.

7864:(London, 1952), pp. 11–12, and from Geoffrey Nutuall, 7349:

Erasmus chose the Roman god of borders and boundaries

6491:

Erasmus was sympathetic to a kind of epistemological (

6121: 3617:) (1513). Froben's work was notable for using the new 3173:

and was in contact when Colet gave his notorious 1512

2867: 948:(1622), replacing a stone (1557), and a wooden (1549). 24621:

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

20925: 13250:"Opera Omnia Desiderii Erasmi – Erasmus, Opera Omnia" 12823:"(Publisher's summary) The Correspondence of Erasmus" 8864:

also clearly reveled in Erasmus’s comparison, in the

6888:

serving as the starting point, and arguably with the

6480:, pleasure as virtue), realist/non-voluntarist, and 4362:

He questioned the practical usefulness and abuses of

3123: 2582: 1174: • Pietro Carmeliano • 707: 698: 689: 672: 651: 642: 27245:

Roman Catholic priests from the Habsburg Netherlands

20643:"Erasmus: Recent Critical Editions and Translations" 20532:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press 20484:. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press 20253:

Erasmus of Rotterdam: Advocate of a New Christianity

17170: 13673:

Hans Holbein the Younger: The Basel Years, 1515-1532

13344: 13342: 12778:, Tuckwell, (1996), 126-7, quoting Phillips, M. M., 11506:(masters). University of Wales Trinity Saint David. 10702: 10520:

According to historian Emily Alianello, "Throughout

10231:

were ideas significant later, in Calvin's theology.

9605:), namely patristic writings and sacred scriptures ( 8019:, Studies in the Renaissance, Vol. 9 (1962), p. 174. 7523:. It is the oldest bronze statue in the Netherlands. 6556:, pre-dating other scholarly interest by 400 years. 3398:

with annotations, his complete works of Jerome, and

2962: • Urbano Valeriani • 1129:

Erasmus had a spiritual awakening at the monastery.

926:

Desiderius Erasmus is reported to have been born in

683: 660: 645: 19349:"Erasmus' Prescription for Henry VIII: Logotherapy" 17388:

The reception of Erasmus in the early modern period

15640:"A War Against the Turks? Erasmus on War and Peace" 14120:2211 / To Thomas More, Freiburg, 5 September 1529, 13403:

The Reception of Erasmus in the Early Modern Period

11010: 9739:

Philosophical Readings Online Journal of Philosophy

9270:family: indeed, his father had been executed as a 9210:, a professor of philosophy and imperial physician. 7682:Several schools, faculties and universities in the 7650:was completed in 1988 as the first addition to the 7501:. Erasmus was deeply affected by his death in 1528. 7229:In Cambridge he was ill, possibly with the English 6839:

nihil in sacris literis praeter Christum quaerendum

6080:scholar wrote of him as "all sail and no rudder". 5930:began in the year following the publication of his 4031:. In 1535, he moved back to the Froben compound in 2560:learning but already coming under the influence of 692: 680: 657: 21359:Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants 18820:"Radical Carnivalisation of Religion in Erasmus's 18734:Martin Luther's Erasmus, and How he got that Way, 17586:The Stoic Origins of Erasmus' Philosophy of Christ 14724: 14564:"Lisbon in the Renaissance: Author Damiao de Gois" 14533:"(Prison) Note(book)s Toward a History of Boredom" 14457: 14455: 14249:"Erasmus' Illnesses in His Final Years (1533–6)". 12204: 11715: 11147:, is an account of the lives of Erasmus's parents. 10385:documents of the early church's witness to him.'" 9907:The 'Adages' of Erasmus. A Study with Translations 8704:Historian Kirk Essary comments "Reading the work ( 7905:canons regular, notably in Richard of St Victor's 6764:The role models of accommodation were Paul, that " 6272:Erasmus replied to this in his lengthy two volume 4705:rather than exclusively Hebraic influences on the 4314: 3727:to be under the protection of his former student, 3516: • Bruno Amerbach • 3324:His residence at Leuven, where he lectured at the 2497:), searching libraries for manuscripts, writing ( 20140:A History of Queens' College, Cambridge 1448–1986 18903:"(Review) The Collected Works of Erasmus, vol 44" 17881:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 16374:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 ( 14671: 14669: 13994:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 13852: 13850: 13339: 9962:Erasmus followed the tradition of proto-humanist 7336: 7304:for liturgical contexts, or otherwise with white 6435:Portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger and workshop 6318: 4460:Portrait of Erasmus, after Quinten Massijs (1517) 4435:that would make him even prefer the views of the 4373:A disadvantageous peace is better than a just war 786:for working on texts, he prepared pioneering new 79:"arguably…the most important portrait in England" 27051: 25678: 20357:. New York: Harper & Row, 1957. xiv, 266 pp 19000: 18952: 18950: 17294:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 157–184. 17249: 16900:"Erasmus - Dutch Humanist, Protestant Challenge" 15879:(London: Longmans, Green & Co. 1894), p. 359 15351:Clarion: Journal for Religion, Peace and Justice 14066:"Erasmus - Dutch Humanist, Protestant Challenge" 12934: 12932: 12811:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). pp. 727–732. 12695:Anderson, Marvin (1969), "Erasmus the Exegete", 12456: 12256:(in German). Gute Schriften Basel. pp. 6–7. 11812:(illustrated ed.). McFarland. p. 159. 10218:religious moralism promoting peace and charity. 9979:"Erasmus and the Religious Tradition, 1495-1499" 9321:(which Erasmus scorned), against the attacks of 6844:In Hoffmann's words, for Erasmus "Christ is the 4333:"War is sweet to those who have never tasted it" 4043:through publication, though he grew more frail. 4025:Queen Mary of Hungary, Regent of the Netherlands 1585: 969:Erasmus' own story, in the possibly forged 1524 27185:Former members of Catholic religious institutes 20047:"No more Erasmus, but NDIAS and NDCEC continue" 19750:Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 16527:The Cambridge Companion to Reformation Theology 15857:"Αποστολική Διακονία της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος" 14885: 14883: 14452: 11418: 7972: 7771:lived nearby, on the marketplace, at this time. 6401:Admonitio adversus mendacium et obstrectationem 4579:In his last decade, he involved himself in the 4528:had been against the execution of even violent 4202:were playing in the lethal persecution of some 27105:Academic staff of the Old University of Leuven 21303:To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation 20337: 20232: 20227:Erasmus of Rotterdam: The Spirit of a Scholar. 20011:"Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics" 19203:"Erasmus's Place in the History of Philosophy" 19153:Catalogue of the Works of Erasmus of Rotterdam 17943:. English Dept, University of York. p. 81 17872: 16922: 16326:"Erasmus on the Education and Nature of Women" 16005: 16003: 16001: 15830: 14666: 14605:"Erasmus and His Books (Publisher's material)" 14439: 14437: 14294: 14290: 14288: 14286: 13990:"The Friendship of Erasmus and Damiâo De Goes" 13847: 13493: 13491: 13489: 13487: 12713: 10860:. Vol. 46, no. 4. pp. 754–809. 10560:As with many of his individual works, reading 9295:Erasmus wrote of Pferfferkorn that "a wicked ( 8905:is perhaps also a backhanded reference to the 8888:Summa nostrae religionis pax est et unanimated 8375:, friend of the Amerbach family, colleague of 8210:Erasmus claimed the blind poet laureate friar 6266:On the Bondage of the Will (De servo arbitrio) 5954:to nourishchiefly moral and spiritual reform" 4445:from what was uncontentiously explicit in the 3969:. Others, such as Charles V's Latin secretary 3016:of the English King through Italy to Bologna. 2505:), patronage, tutoring and chaperoning (North 846:and many other popular and pedagogical works. 25664: 24860: 23487: 22015: 21238: 20987: 20259:Dickens, A. G.; Jones, Whitney R. D. (2000). 20092:. Victoria and Albert Museum. 5 January 1854. 19699:. Berlin: Julius Bard Verlag. pp. 78–79. 18947: 18441: 18439: 18437: 18435: 18433: 18156: 17283: 17281: 17279: 14163: 14161: 14159: 13637:Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 13434: 13432: 13430: 13396: 13074:"Thomas Linacre: Humanist, Physician, Priest" 12929: 12791: 12099:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 15. 11926: 11716:Sutton, Anne F.; Visser-Fuchs, Livia (1997). 11072: 11070: 11068: 11066: 11064: 11062: 11060: 11026: 11024: 9904: 9444: 9442: 6928: 5801: 3590:to coordinate the printing of his books with 2568:, poet and "professor of humanity" in Paris. 23729: 23683: 23669: 20258: 20090:"Erasmus' Tower, Queen's College, Cambridge" 19739: 19737: 18956: 18382: 18380: 18378: 18376: 18065:"The Age of Reformations by James Hitchcock" 17216:London, Burns & Oates, 1881, pp. 13–14. 16813:. Nashville: Holman Reference, 2000, p. 344. 16605:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 70. 16334:. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 37–47. 15867: 15695:. Univ of California Press. pp. 68–70. 15405: 15403: 14880: 14632: 14630: 13626: 13624: 13622: 13620: 13277: 13275: 13273: 13271: 12938: 12215:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 11593: 11406:. Nashville: Holman Reference, 2000, p. 343. 11058: 11056: 11054: 11052: 11050: 11048: 11046: 11044: 11042: 11040: 10851: 10849: 10847: 10698: 10696: 10694: 10692: 10690: 10688: 10574:This was a long-recognized tendency: indeed 8744: 8742: 8569: 8425:"Froude, Life and Letters of Erasmus, p 322" 8340: 6184:lives and they speak quite another language. 4382:Better an unjust peace than the justest war. 4315:Erasmus § The Complaint of Peace (1517) 4054:, were apparently "Lord, put an end to it" ( 3761:He stayed for two years on the top floor of 2513:), seeing books through printing in person ( 1008:, a correspondent of pioneering rhetorician 20578:, Librairie Droz (1998) ISBN 2-600-00510-2 20551:Erasmus and Voltaire: Why They Still Matter 19905:"Achievements and benefits, European Union" 18959:""Erasmus and Faustus of Riez's De gratia"" 18896: 18894: 18165:"ERASMus's PROGRAM for THEOLOGICAL RENEWAL" 17783:The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism 17659:"A Much Neglected Basic Choice in Theology" 17214:The Reformers on the Reformation (foreign), 16671: 16516: 16514: 16512: 16510: 16508: 15998: 15143: 15110: 15108: 15070: 15068: 15066: 15064: 14434: 14283: 13484: 12281: 11449: 11447: 11445: 11443: 11441: 11006: 11004: 11002: 10976: 10943: 10941: 10939: 10797:1871.1/2eb41bd4-6929-41be-a984-94747300015a 9777: 9451: 8886: 8379:etc. He had learned printing in Paris with 8079: 7966: 7753: 7627:Erasmus Journal of Philosophy and Economics 7408: 7361:he thought depicted Terminus carved into a 7306: 7266: 6164: 4635:actually encountered a (practicing) Jew. 4337: 3950:of More (and Fisher), the short, anonymous 3892:died of old age, as did reforming cardinal 3052: 1014: 971: 104:, Burgundian Netherlands, Holy Roman Empire 27225:Philosophers from the Habsburg Netherlands 25671: 25657: 24867: 24853: 23494: 23480: 22029: 22022: 22008: 21245: 21231: 20994: 20980: 20612:Erasme i la construcció catalana d'Espanya 19401: 19160:. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2023, 225-344. 18869:"Summa Theologiae, Prologue & Ia Q. 2" 18430: 18069:Touchstone: A Journal of Mere Christianity 17955: 17929: 17927: 17479: 17321:Bryn Mawr Review of Comparative Literature 17276: 17207: 17015: 17013: 16816: 16417: 15771: 15769: 15767: 15226: 15222: 15220: 14861: 14580: 14443: 14407: 14405: 14379: 14377: 14156: 13983: 13981: 13979: 13977: 13904: 13902: 13427: 13355:Journal of East Asia and International Law 13349:Dungen, Peter van den (30 November 2009). 13291: 12541: 12539: 12537: 12134: 11809:The University in Medieval Life, 1179–1499 11805: 11578: 11576: 11574: 11572: 11570: 11568: 11566: 11564: 11021: 10887: 10885: 10883: 10881: 10879: 10877: 10875: 10674:http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05510b.htm 10626:"Desiderius Erasmus Biography & Facts" 9439: 9274:heretic. Erasmus' friendly correspondents 7122:. These formed the basis of the so-called 7100:Erasmus wrote for educated audiences both 6972:; alongside it, the editions of the great 6595:: "What has Aristotle to do with Christ?" 6236:", a positive, evangelical model sermon " 6057:However, Erasmus frequently commended the 5808: 5794: 4046:On July 12, 1536, he died at an attack of 3915:As more friends died (in 1533, his friend 2864:. Erasmus then returned to Paris in 1504. 66: 27090:16th-century Dutch Roman Catholic priests 23421:Relationship between religion and science 21311:On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church 20544:Erasmus: Intellectual of the 16th Century 20206: 20142:(Woodbridge, Suff.: Boydell Press, 1987). 19954: 19734: 19550: 19488: 19138:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198159087.003.0006 19086: 18817: 18785: 18471: 18469: 18373: 18219: 18217: 17776: 17774: 17772: 17770: 17578: 17576: 17418: 17379: 16946: 16825:"Luther and Erasmus, Another Perspective" 16822: 16331:Erasmus: intellectual of the 16th century 15831:Huizinga, Johan; Flower, Barbara (1952). 15400: 15259: 15166: 14627: 13810: 13808: 13617: 13397:De Landtsheer, Jeanine (1 January 2013). 13374: 13306: 13268: 13247: 13099: 13089: 12198: 12196: 12194: 12192: 12152: 11929:"A Dispensation of Julius II for Erasmus" 11849: 11395: 11393: 11076: 11037: 10855: 10844: 10795: 10769: 10685: 10190:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195183313.003.0005 9912: 9859: 9858:though they agreed on much." Abstract of 9518:, which "was a spirituality of teachers." 8771: 8739: 8271: 7971:—is by no means a contradiction of this." 7940: 7834:and subsequent congregations such as the 7611:A peer-reviewed annual scholarly journal 7150: 6426: 6217:De libero arbitrio diatribe sive collatio 6156:On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church 4255:. Notable writings on irenicism include 4080:He was buried with great ceremony in the 3800:(1529); his catechism to counter Luther 3586:From 1514, Erasmus regularly traveled to 2868:Second visit to England (1505–1506) 1280:granted legal dispensations for Erasmus' 867:, which some prominent reformers such as 27080:16th-century Christian biblical scholars 21055:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style 21001: 20062: 20060: 19743: 19631: 19462: 19260: 18891: 18578: 18386: 17807: 17629: 17351: 17114: 17094: 16961: 16889:Letter to Louis Marlianus, 25 March 1520 16694: 16505: 16478: 15953:"A terrible pope but a patron of genius" 15950: 15637: 15609:"Erasmus, Jus Canonicum and Arbitration" 15172: 15150:Ocker, Christopher (22 September 2022). 15105: 15061: 15024:"Erasmus, Augustine and the Nominalists" 15021: 14675: 14636: 14212:Hans Holbein: Portrait of an Unknown Man 14020: 13749:Erasmus, Desiderius (31 December 1989). 13630: 13498:Erasmus, Desiderius (31 December 1979). 13000: 12972:"Erasmus and Queens' College, Cambridge" 12913:(3rd ed.). Longmans, Green and Co. 12900: 12694: 12481: 12339: 12337: 12057: 11971: 11602:The spirituality of Erasmus of Rotterdam 11528: 11522: 11497:Danyluk, Katharine (10 September 2018). 11438: 11414: 11412: 11156: 10999: 10936: 10818: 10336: 10272: 9634:, his former friend and roommate at the 9211: 8974:The New Testament Scholarship of Erasmus 7451: 7435: 7397: 7379: 7340: 7259: 7160: 7096:Works of Erasmus § Notable writings 6757:(discourse, conversation, language) not 6563: 6430: 6222: 6125: 5913: 5909: 5856: 5845: 5832:On the Institution of Christian Marriage 4642:which included John's notorious sermons 4617: 4455: 4011: 3976:Erasmus' friend and collaborator Bishop 3865:' Latin secretary who had worked on the 3836: 3825: 3733: 3667: 3569: 3446: 3429:' College of the Three Languages at the 3350: 3142: 3124:Third visit to England (1510–1515) 3065: 2871: 2583:First visit to England (1499–1500) 1087: 1061:movement and the Brethren's famous book 1022: 936: 843:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style 27095:16th-century Roman Catholic theologians 27075:15th-century Roman Catholic theologians 24874: 20496:Erasmus, His Theology of the Sacraments 20277: 20235:My dear Erasmus: the forgotton reformer 20209:Erasmus: his life, works, and influence 20151: 19877: 19299: 18994: 18957:Franceschini, Chiara (1 January 2014). 18900: 18636: 18409: 18326: 18248: 17924: 17879:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 17813: 17712: 17544: 17514: 17078:The Identity of Theology (Dissertation) 17074: 17010: 16700: 16600: 16388: 16311:Erasmus: His Theology of the Sacraments 15895:Bibliothèque d'Humanisme et Renaissance 15888: 15812:Humanism and the Rhetoric of Toleration 15764: 15739: 15375: 15217: 15114: 14783: 14748: 14461: 14402: 14374: 14324:"Damião de Goes, a Portuguese Humanist" 14026: 13974: 13899: 13748: 13530: 13524: 13497: 13116: 13060: 13029:"Erasmus, Life in 16th Century England" 12906: 12851: 12647: 12610: 12534: 12421: 12254:Die Bildnisse des Erasmus von Rotterdam 12212:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 12202: 12089: 11977: 11868:Collected Works of Erasmus: Spiritualia 11864: 11676: 11624: 11582: 11561: 11496: 11453: 10982: 10898:Bibliothèque d'Humanisme et Renaissance 10891: 10872: 10107: 9850:, ultimately rendered Erasmus alien to 9660: 9386: 9073: 8893: 8006: 8004: 7922: 7577:The European Union cites the successor 6943: 6440:influenced by satirist and rhetorician 6210: 6013:Charon: " What do they get out of it?" 4139: 3707: 3242: 2719:, who pursued a style more akin to the 1084:Vows, ordination and canonry experience 1000:and owned by the chapter clergy of the 14: 27200:Lady Margaret's Professors of Divinity 27052: 26672:Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler 22347:Proper basis and Reformed epistemology 20909:Sporen van Erasmus (Traces of Erasmus) 20815:Index of Erasmus's Opera Omnia (Latin) 20560:. Jackson, TN: Union University Press. 20507:. Catholic University of America Press 20491:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 20477:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 20460:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 20386: 20313: 20299: 20255:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 19708: 19706: 19675: 19673: 19671: 19632:Kruseman, Geeske M. (25 August 2018). 19615: 19613: 19611: 19251:: Harper & Brothers, 1953, p. 661. 19169: 19001:Nellen, Henk; Bloemendal, Jan (2016). 18735: 18466: 18332: 18279: 18254: 18214: 18162: 18011: 17992: 17961: 17933: 17903: 17897: 17873:Rummel, Erika; MacPhail, Eric (2021). 17767: 17683: 17573: 17445: 17314: 17019: 16745: 16640: 16520: 16226: 16058:Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval 16010:Martin, Terence J. (12 January 2024). 16009: 15981: 15606: 15517: 15298: 15074: 14993: 14411: 14383: 14208: 13987: 13949: 13908: 13890: 13862:. University of Toronto Press: 1–146. 13857: 13805: 13669: 13348: 13321:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.1664 13188: 13071: 12763:Opus Epistolarum Des. Erasmi Roterdami 12714:van Herwaarden, Jan (1 January 2003). 12545: 12189: 12058:Lundberg, Christa (16 February 2022). 11740: 11390: 11356: 11297: 11195: 10841:, pp. 4 and 6 (Dutch-language version) 10728:Christian Humanism and the Reformation 10466: 10070: 9732: 8964:Vicit mansuetudine, vicit beneficentia 8918:""Oxford Reformers" and Scholasticism" 8749: 8736:through all his writings." Mansfield 8602: 8332: 8131: 7781: 7656:Court of Justice of the European Union 7369:and in reality depicted the Greek god 6698: 6617: 6232:that involved an irenical 'dialogue' " 4671:: it was not a topic or theme of any 4667:in the way of the later post-Catholic 4269:On Restoring the Concord of the Church 3942:were executed as pro-Rome traitors by 3425:, Latin, and Greek—after the model of 3336:to Basel, he made the acquaintance of 2463:Blue lines: Rhine and English Channel 2117: 2109: 944:in Rotterdam. Gilded bronze statue by 25652: 24848: 23501: 23475: 22003: 21676:Die Lügend von S. Johanne Chrysostomo 21391:Confession Concerning Christ's Supper 21226: 20975: 20911:, documentary TV series, 5 episodes ( 20640: 20057: 19694: 19679: 19346: 19200: 19092: 19059: 19041:from the original on 22 December 2023 18848:from the original on 30 December 2023 18762: 18738:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 18703: 18526: 18475: 18448:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 18445: 18257:The Unity of Philosophical Experience 18118: 18062: 18017: 17998: 17885:from the original on 11 December 2017 17780: 17722:Erasmus Student Journal of Philosophy 17656: 17582: 17538: 17526:. Nantes Institute for Advanced Study 17451: 17385: 17287: 16964:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 16751: 16723: 16659:from the original on 13 December 2023 16551:from the original on 10 November 2023 16423: 16308: 16203: 15931: 15824: 15792:from the original on 25 December 2023 15775: 15722: 15688: 15573: 15491: 15357:from the original on 30 November 2023 15149: 14947: 14929:from the original on 30 December 2023 14896: 14816:from the original on 19 December 2023 14639:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 14507:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.401 14494: 14297:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 13814: 13579:from the original on 11 February 2023 13438: 12969: 12945:Joint PIJIP/TLS Research Paper Series 12917:from the original on 17 December 2023 12681: 12679: 12677: 12675: 12673: 12671: 12382: 12364:from the original on 28 November 2023 12343: 12334: 12266: 12247: 12245: 12135:Ptaszyński, Maciej (8 October 2021). 11891: 11835: 11787:from the original on 13 December 2023 11599: 11409: 11343: 11341: 11339: 11236:from the original on 9 September 2023 11032:Erasmus: His life, work and influence 10765: 10763: 10761: 10759: 10757: 10755: 10299:from the original on 23 February 2024 10179: 9886:Historian Fritz Caspari quipped that 9862:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 9780:Platonism and the English Imagination 9474: 9427:from the original on 25 December 2023 9186: 8971: 8915: 8860:Historian Kevin Ingram suggests "The 8605:Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook 8454:urged him to stay. However, Campion, 8353:from the original on 29 December 2023 8298: 7794:from the original on 9 September 2023 6559: 6240:", and a gently critical 'diatribe' " 5983:The world had laughed at his satire, 5922:, sketch: black chalk on paper, 1520. 5861:Johannes Œcolampadius by Asper (1550) 5843:), and the pastoral Holy Orders (see 4115: 3194:Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity 2756: 2700:In 1499 he was invited to England by 1823: 1815: 875:rejected in favor of the doctrine of 726: 27110:Alumni of Queens' College, Cambridge 20365: 20251:Christ-von Wedel, Christine (2013). 19792: 19688: 19127: 19007:Church History and Religious Culture 18223: 17854:from the original on 6 December 2023 17742: 17665:from the original on 19 January 2024 17657:Olson, Roger E. (26 December 2010). 17482:Reformation & Renaissance Review 16625: 16582:from the original on 19 January 2024 16293: 16275:from the original on 29 October 2023 15778:"Erasmus on the Study of Scriptures" 15253: 14834: 14593:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 14543:from the original on 18 January 2024 14321: 13962:from the original on 12 January 2024 13533:"Erasmus and the Education of Women" 13327:from the original on 12 January 2024 13307:Varacalli, Thomas (1 January 2016). 13281: 12888:from the original on 16 January 2019 12833:from the original on 17 January 2024 12322:from the original on 30 October 2023 12251: 11667:: University of Toronto Press, 1974) 11369:from the original on 14 January 2024 10770:Goudriaan, Koen (6 September 2019). 10725: 10180:Lahey, Stephen Edmund (1 May 2009). 10017:from the original on 30 October 2023 9976: 9749:from the original on 1 November 2023 9692: 9597:encompassed both sacred literature ( 9106:from the original on 1 November 2023 8644: 8215: 8001: 6916: 6102: 6047:the Turks and colonize new islands. 5992: 4423:Intra-Christian religious toleration 4103: 4091:As his heir or executor he instated 3769:, some of them fleeing persecution. 3489: 3070:Book printed and illuminated at the 2804: • Christopher Fisher 2287: 2279: 2149: 2141: 27250:Translators of the Bible into Latin 21071:The Education of a Christian Prince 20848:in the catalogue Helveticat of the 20773:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 20761:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 20589:Garcia-Villoslada, Ricardo (1965) ' 20152:Gleason, John B. (1 January 1990). 19957:"Biblical Interpretation in Crisis" 19955:Ratzinger, Joseph (26 April 2008). 19703: 19668: 19608: 19434:. 17 March 2015. pp. 409–412. 19306:Bulletin of the History of Medicine 19267:Bulletin of the History of Medicine 18963:Rivista di Storia del Cristianesimo 18866: 18579:Williams, David (20 January 2024). 18335:"Alexander Pope: Erasmian Catholic" 17980:from the original on 11 August 2023 17749:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 17611:from the original on 11 August 2023 17043: 16811:131 Christians Everyone Should Know 16356:from the original on 1 January 2024 16323: 16170: 16048: 15988:Fairmount Folio: Journal of History 15951:Withnell, Stephen (25 April 2019). 15689:Tracy, James D. (23 October 2018). 15607:Xheraj, Blerina (4 December 2020). 15460: 15409: 14729:, Leiden: Brill, pp. 529–530, 14422:from the original on 4 January 2024 14390:(Thesis). University of Newcastle. 14215:. Phoenix Giant. pp. 161–162. 14202: 13793:from the original on 8 January 2024 13737:German Renaissance Prints 1490-1550 13663: 13117:Herbert, Amanda (23 January 2018). 13018:Huizinga, Dutch edition, pp. 52–53. 12951:from the original on 7 January 2024 12707: 12177:from the original on 10 August 2023 11927:Allen, P. S.; Colotius, A. (1910). 11697:from the original on 11 August 2023 11677:Erasmus, Desiderius (23 May 2009). 11510:from the original on 5 January 2024 11404:131 Christians Everyone Should Know 11387:DeMolen, Richard L. (1976).pp.10–11 10958:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10454:Luther and the Reading of Scripture 10124:from the original on 11 August 2023 9705:from the original on 17 August 2010 9699:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 9350: 9218:Bulletin of the History of Medicine 9153: 8341:Trevor-Roper, Hugh (30 July 2020). 8270:, Humphrey Walkden and John Watson. 8046:some dignified administrative role. 7943:"Medieval Male Friendship Networks" 7907:On the Four Degrees of Violent Love 7089: 6380:Spongia adversus aspergines Hutteni 6122:Increasing disagreement with Luther 4721: 4370:he discusses (common translation) " 4350:He promoted and was present at the 4323:The Education of a Christian Prince 4265:The Education of a Christian Prince 3900:. In 1534 his distrusted protector 3821: 3461:Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset 3400:The Education of a Christian Prince 1882: 1874: 417:The Education of a Christian Prince 143:translations and exegesis, satire, 24: 21327:Against Henry, King of the English 20618: 20593:, Taurus Ediciones, Madrid, Spain. 20377:Pennington, Arthur Robert (1875). 20194: 18917:from the original on 25 April 2024 18879:from the original on 23 April 2024 18792:. Catholic University of America. 18763:Smith, John H. (15 October 2011). 18585:. McGill-Queens University Press. 17755:from the original on 13 March 2024 17694:from the original on 13 April 2021 17339:from the original on 6 August 2023 17056:from the original on 30 April 2023 16030:from the original on 19 April 2024 15963:from the original on 27 April 2024 15913:from the original on 26 March 2023 15834:Erasmus and the Age of Reformation 15333:Declarationes ad censuras Lutetiae 15179:Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review 14615:from the original on 30 April 2024 14513:from the original on 29 March 2024 14362:from the original on 12 April 2024 14088: 13911:"Cardinal Cajetan Renaissance Man" 13605:from the original on 30 April 2023 13445:. University of California Press. 13439:Tracy, James D. (1 January 1996). 13166:. Queens.cam.ac.uk. Archived from 12939:Cheng-Davies, Tania (1 May 2023). 12668: 12592:from the original on 26 April 2019 12484:"Archbishop Morton and St. Albans" 12300:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1988.tb02151.x 12242: 11336: 10947: 10752: 9661:Midmore, Brian (7 February 2007). 9467:Greek edition of the New Testament 9346:Paraphrase of Romans and Galatians 8582:Erasmus and the Age of Reformation 7782:Juhász, Gergely (1 January 2019). 7440:Portrait of Desiderius Erasmus by 7431: 7025:Paean in Honour of the Virgin Mary 7001:Paean in Honour of the Virgin Mary 6247:The publication of his brief book 5904: 5820: 3578:, Burgundy. Engraving possibly by 3475:, probably his last meetings with 2702:William Blount, 4th Baron Mountjoy 886: 728:[ˌdeːziˈdeːrijʏseːˈrɑsmʏs] 25: 27276: 27195:Historians of the Catholic Church 21670:Propaganda during the Reformation 21252: 20846:Publications by and about Erasmus 20691: 20380:The Life and Character of Erasmus 20360:Dutch original by Huizinga (1924) 19884:Sculpture International Rotterdam 19800:"Terminus, the Device of Erasmus" 19714:"Terminus, the Device of Erasmus" 19347:Boyle, Marjorie O'Rourke (1978). 19182:from the original on 17 July 2023 19170:Rummel, Erika (2 November 2022). 18618:from the original on 3 March 2024 18508:from the original on 3 March 2024 17373:The Life and Character of Erasmus 17315:Regier, Willis (1 January 2011). 17046:"Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam" 16910:from the original on 21 June 2023 16871:from the original on 11 July 2023 16742:Letter to Charles Utenhove (1523) 16681: 16626:Post, Regnerus Richardus (1968). 16569: 16126:from the original on 15 July 2023 16087:from the original on 15 July 2023 15670:from the original on 19 June 2023 15619:from the original on 19 June 2023 15442:from the original on 19 June 2023 15388:from the original on 15 July 2023 15205:from the original on 7 April 2024 14954:Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte 14765:from the original on 21 June 2023 14755:Swiss American Historical Society 14581:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 14099:from the original on 21 June 2023 14076:from the original on 21 June 2023 13725:from the original on 17 July 2023 13229:from the original on 23 July 2023 13137:from the original on 22 June 2023 13072:Taylor, Fred M. (February 2021). 13039:from the original on 4 April 2023 12982:from the original on 19 July 2023 12648:Emerton, Ephraim (25 July 2020). 12522:from the original on 9 April 2024 12457:Masur-Matusevich, Yelena (2023). 12282:Harper-Bill, Christopher (1988). 12116:from the original on 11 July 2023 12014:from the original on 21 June 2023 11959:from the original on 11 July 2023 11422:Collected Works of Erasmus: Poems 11324:from the original on 20 July 2023 10964:from the original on 19 July 2023 10924:from the original on 22 July 2023 10621: 9695:"Desiderius Erasmus (1468?—1536)" 9252:from the original on 28 July 2023 8940:from the original on 19 June 2023 8842:from the original on 15 July 2023 8303:. Scribner and Sons. p. 112. 8032:had been the Latin Secretary for 7976:Collected Works of Erasmus: Poems 7866:Journal of Ecclesiastical History 7312:(scarf) (over left shoulder), or 7157:Legacy and evaluations of Erasmus 7055:Catalogue of the Works of Erasmus 6829: 6548:and John's Gospel", first in the 5869:. Erasmus was concerned that the 4007: 3794:Ennaratio triplex in Psalmum XXII 1960: 1034:, triptych (c. 1501), painted in 39:Legacy and evaluations of Erasmus 27240:Roman Catholic biblical scholars 27220:People from Gouda, South Holland 27032: 25631: 25619: 25513:Stratification of emotional life 24962: 24956: 24950: 24691:The Closing of the American Mind 24611:Civilization and Its Discontents 24591:A Vindication of Natural Society 23456: 23455: 23445: 21517:Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam 21469:Weimar edition of Luther's works 21207: 21206: 21129: 20959: 20947: 20935: 20869: 20808: 20287:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 20145: 20132: 20114: 20096: 20082: 20039: 20021: 20003: 19985: 19967: 19948: 19923: 19897: 19871: 19862: 19837: 19826: 19820: 19622: 19597: 19579: 19544: 19505: 19469:Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 19456: 19423: 19395: 19340: 19293: 19254: 19241: 19194: 19163: 19144: 19121: 19053: 18981: 18937:"IN PRAISE OF FOLLY, by Erasmus" 18929: 18860: 18811: 18779: 18756: 18728: 18704:Fudge, Thomas (1 January 1997). 18697: 18663: 18630: 18605: 18599: 18572: 18561: 18555: 18520: 18403: 18290: 18273: 18201: 18132: 18112: 18075: 18056: 17866: 17736: 17706: 17677: 17650: 17623: 17508: 17473: 17412: 17308: 17243: 17228: 17191: 17164: 17144: 17127: 17088: 17068: 17037: 16982: 16955: 16892: 16883: 16736: 16717: 16634: 16619: 16594: 16563: 16472: 16458: 16382: 16317: 16302: 16294:Kute, David (26 December 2019). 16287: 16220: 16197: 16164: 16138: 16110: 16042: 15975: 15944: 15925: 15882: 15849: 15804: 15733: 15716: 15682: 15631: 15600: 15567: 15546: 15511: 15492:Duffy, Eamon (1 November 2016). 15485: 15412:"The Christian Peace of Erasmus" 15369: 15344: 15338: 15325: 15292: 15229:The Cambridge History of Judaism 15015: 14987: 14941: 14855: 14828: 14777: 14742: 14718: 14663:Huizinga, Dutch edition, p. 202. 14657: 14597: 14574: 14561: 14555: 14525: 14495:Allen, Amanda (1 January 2014). 14488: 14315: 14242: 14229: 14168:"Letters 2803 to 2939. Part 2". 14122:"Letters 2803 to 2939. Part 2". 14114: 14055: 13988:Hirsch, Elisabeth Feist (1951). 13950:Geurts, Twan (17 October 2022). 13943: 13931:from the original on 13 May 2024 13884: 13775: 13742: 13707: 13694: 13591: 13466: 13390: 13300: 13241: 13182: 13152: 13051: 13021: 13012: 13002:"Erasmus, Desiderius (ERSS465D)" 12994: 12963: 12774:Shire, Helena M., Stewart Style 11836:Allen, Grace (24 October 2019). 11757:from the original on 6 June 2017 11080:Erasmus in the Twentieth Century 10772:"New Evidence on Erasmus' Youth" 10636:from the original on 29 May 2018 10594: 10585: 10568: 10554: 10537: 10527: 10514: 10504: 10495: 10459: 10443: 10422: 10408: 10397: 10388: 10378: 10365: 10329: 10320: 10311: 10265: 10244: 10234: 10221: 10196: 10168: 10136: 10100: 10056: 10043: 10030: 9969: 9956: 9939: 9905:Mann Phillips, Margaret (1964). 9893: 9880: 9808: 9771: 9761: 9717: 9681: 9653: 9644: 9624: 9581: 9569: 9557: 9542: 9530: 9521: 9508: 9499: 9378: 9368: 9338: 9303:) Jew had become a most wicked ( 9289: 9199: 9179: 9167: 9141: 9132: 9119: 9058: 9049: 9040: 9026: 9016: 9006: 8952: 8879: 8854: 8822: 8789: 8725: 8711: 8698: 8685: 8663:10.1111/j.0028-4289.2005.00081.x 8637: 8623: 8591: 8564:Paraphrases of the New Testament 8549: 8536: 8527: 8513: 8504: 8495: 8486: 8461: 8444: 8434: 8408: 8401:Engineered by reformer Cardinal 8395: 8386: 8365: 8307: 8291: 8278:(Thesis). Newcastle University. 8260: 8250: 7639:From 1997 to 2008, the American 7543:Henry VIII: The Mind of a Tyrant 7462:Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam 7045:List of Erasmus's correspondents 6954:any artificial pomp of reasoning 6721: 5774: 5762: 4770: 4762: 4754: 4729: 3984:. Erasmus' correspondent Bishop 2842:Handbook of the Christian Knight 2533:). He enjoyed horseback riding. 2421: 2399: 2392: 2369: 2362: 2338: 2331: 2324: 2317: 2310: 2286: 2278: 2269: 2262: 2255: 2248: 2241: 2221: 2214: 2207: 2186: 2179: 2172: 2148: 2140: 2131: 2124: 2116: 2108: 2086: 2079: 2072: 2065: 2043: 2036: 2029: 2022: 2001: 1994: 1973: 1966: 1959: 1952: 1945: 1938: 1917: 1910: 1903: 1881: 1873: 1864: 1857: 1850: 1843: 1822: 1814: 1805: 1798: 1775: 1768: 1748: 1741: 1719: 1712: 1692: 1672: 1665: 1658: 1639: 1632: 1612: 638: 74:Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam 27210:Old University of Leuven alumni 27085:16th-century Dutch philosophers 25990:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 21295:Sermon on Indulgences and Grace 21111:Exposytion of the Commune Creed 20826:Literature by and about Erasmus 20614:, Barcelona, Llibres de l'Índex 20284:Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam 20035:. Erasmus University Rotterdam. 19878:Giltaij, Jeroen (12 May 2015). 18391:. 28 (Number 106- (2–3): 1–20. 18026:. University of Toronto Press. 17820:Journal of the History of Ideas 17589:. University of Toronto Press. 17254:. University of Toronto Press. 16703:The Religious Orders in England 16122:. University of Chicago Press. 15776:Meyer, Carl (1 December 1969). 15723:Yoder, Klaus C. (17 May 2016). 15644:Asian Journal of Social Science 15576:Pacifism and English Literature 15473:from the original on 7 May 2023 15260:May, Harry S.; ה', מאי (1973). 13474:"500 years Collegium Trilingue" 12970:Askin, Lindsey (12 July 2013). 12870: 12845: 12815: 12785: 12768: 12756: 12747: 12738: 12688: 12651:Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam 12641: 12604: 12574: 12475: 12450: 12415: 12376: 12275: 12260: 12128: 12083: 12051: 12026: 11996: 11982:. University of Toronto Press. 11920: 11885: 11871:. University of Toronto Press. 11858: 11851:10.4000/laboratoireitalien.3742 11829: 11799: 11769: 11734: 11709: 11683:. University of Toronto Press. 11670: 11654: 11641: 11618: 11583:Gasquet, Francis Aidan (1900). 11490: 11381: 11350: 11347:DeMolen, Richard L. (1976),p.13 11291: 11278: 11266:from the original on 1 May 2023 11248: 11189: 11150: 11131: 11119:from the original on 1 May 2023 11105: 11083:. University of Toronto Press. 9983:Journal of the History of Ideas 9459:criticizing the Catholic church 9286:family, on their mother's side. 8204: 8194: 8185: 8176: 8162: 8153: 8144: 8124: 8100: 8072: 8058: 8049: 8039: 8022: 7992: 7954: 7913: 7878: 7845: 7819: 7806: 7774: 7761: 7353:as a personal symbol and had a 6238:On the Measureless Mercy of God 4131:literal and tropological senses 3973:, fled and died in self-exile. 3404:Institutio principis Christiani 2339: 2332: 2325: 2270: 2263: 2215: 1939: 1806: 1769: 1100:, where Erasmus spent his youth 27:Dutch humanist (c. 1469 – 1536) 27140:Critics of the Catholic Church 25703:History of the Catholic Church 21810:All Saints' Church, Wittenberg 21502:Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn 21437:On the Councils and the Church 21343:The Adoration of the Sacrament 21187:Praemium Erasmianum Foundation 21039:Handbook of a Christian Knight 20565: 20558:Erasmus' Doctrine of Free Will 20549:Quinones, Ricardo J. (2010). 20233:Bentley-Taylor, David (2002). 20199: 19993:"Erasmus School of Philosophy" 19640:(EXARC Journal Issue 2018/3). 19107:10.1080/00043079.2005.10786256 18020:"Erasmus on the New Testament" 17690:(Masters). Durham University. 17250:Manfred Hoffmann, ed. (2010). 17075:Alfsvåg, Knut (October 1995). 16650:The Monasric Research Bulletin 16342:(inactive 10 September 2024). 12976:Queens' Old Library Books Blog 12697:Concordia Theeological Monthly 12037:. Christian Publishing House. 11631:Victorine Texts in Translation 10831: 10821:Italia Medioevale e Umanistica 10812: 10719: 10648: 10615: 9822:, but also close knowledge of 9587:An expression Erasmus coined. 9154:Ron, Nathan (1 January 2020). 9080:Archivum Historiae Pontificiae 7727: 7718: 7337:Signet ring and personal motto 7294:Canons regular of St Augustine 6809: 4702: 4514:parable of the wheat and tares 3467:In 1520 he was present at the 2461:Red and green lines: horseback 2422: 2173: 2073: 2066: 1749: 1713: 1666: 1613: 913:and as a religious refugee in 859:. He remained a member of the 831:Handbook of a Christian Knight 634:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus 396:Handbook of a Christian Knight 132:Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus 13: 1: 27100:16th-century writers in Latin 26352:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola 25749:History of Christian theology 24581:Oration on the Dignity of Man 21784:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 21319:On the Freedom of a Christian 21270:Resources about Martin Luther 20635:The Correspondence of Erasmus 20456:Bietenholz, Peter G. (2009). 20373:. Cambridge University Press. 20320:Erasmus: A Critical Biography 19746:"Erasmus and the Visual Arts" 19432:The Correspondence of Erasmus 18987:Galli, Mark, and Olsen, Ted. 18224:Wolf, Erik (1 January 1978). 17791:10.1017/CHOL9780521300087.005 17745:"Cicero: Academic Skepticism" 17494:10.1080/14622459.2019.1612979 17359:Concordia Theological Journal 17171:István Pieter Bejczy (2001). 17095:Costello, Gabriel J. (2018). 17025:. 20 (Number 77) (1): 85–88. 16823:Kleinhans, Robert G. (1970). 16809:Galli, Mark, and Olsen, Ted. 16296:"Erasmus and the Ideal Ruler" 15782:Concordia Theological Monthly 15378:"The Complaint of Peace, p57" 15089:10.1017/CHOL9780521042550.011 14837:The English Historical Review 14688:Truman State University Press 14444:Bietenholz, Peter G. (1966). 14253:: 335–339. 31 December 2020. 14251:The Correspondence of Erasmus 14172:: 151–302. 31 December 2020. 14170:The Correspondence of Erasmus 14126:: 151–302. 31 December 2020. 14124:The Correspondence of Erasmus 13783:"Altbasel - Erasmus in Basel" 13739:, BM exh. cat. 1995, no. 238. 13537:The Sixteenth Century Journal 12488:The English Historical Review 12347:Erasmus, the Growth of a Mind 12267:Adams, Robert Pardee (1937). 11933:The English Historical Review 11651:, Duke University Press, 1994 11600:Molen, Richard L. de (1987). 11419:Harry Vredeveld, ed. (1993), 11034:, University of Toronto, 1991 10609: 10351:10.1080/13574175.2017.1387967 10040:Nichols, ep. 59; Allen, ep 64 9909:. Cambridge University Press. 9621:) by classical pagan authors. 8752:The Sixteenth Century Journal 7973:Harry Vredeveld, ed. (1993), 7702: 7615:has been produced since 1981. 7276:; right, holding a heart, is 6775:Following Paul, Quintillian ( 6067:Between friends all is common 5881:In 1530, Erasmus published a 5852: 3798:Triple Commentary on Psalm 23 3729:Archduke Ferdinand of Austria 3433:—financed by his late friend 2400: 2256: 2249: 2242: 2187: 2180: 2132: 2087: 2044: 2030: 1974: 1865: 1844: 1720: 1633: 1269: 921: 89: 27160:Dutch expatriates in England 25680:History of Catholic theology 24651:The Society of the Spectacle 23386:Desacralization of knowledge 21840:Melanchthonhaus (Wittenberg) 21550:Heidelberg Disputation, 1518 21510:A Mighty Fortress Is Our God 20840:Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek 20746:Resources in other libraries 20722:Resources in other libraries 20510:MacPhail, Eric (ed) (2023). 20487:Gulik, Egbertus van (2018). 20480:Furey, Constance M. (2009). 20411:Erasmus of the Low Countries 20207:Augustijn, Cornelis (1995). 20029:"Erasmus University College" 19619:Treu, Erwin (1959). pp.20–21 19463:Dequeker, J. (1 July 1991). 19430:"Erasmus' Illness in 1530". 18710:Journal of Religious History 18482:History of Political Thought 16990:"Letter of 6 September 1524" 16711:10.1017/CBO9780511560668.012 15934:History of Political Thought 15428:10.1080/10848770.2013.859793 13817:"Erasmus and His Amanuenses" 13815:Blair, Ann (13 March 2019). 13442:Erasmus of the Low Countries 12852:Erasmus, Desiderius (2016). 12625:10.1484/M.LECTIO-EB.5.116073 12236:UK public library membership 11978:Erasmus, Desiderius (1974). 11865:Erasmus, Desiderius (1989). 11529:Mazzonis, Querciolo (2018). 10892:DeMolen, Richard L. (1976). 10578:wrote in the Preface to his 9788:10.1017/CBO9780511553806.010 9189:History of Political Thought 9070:Fifth Council of the Lateran 8414:"When the Lutheran tragedy ( 7947:The Monastic Review Bulletin 7620:Erasmus University Rotterdam 7549: 6959:Erasmus, The Praise of Folly 6447: 5885:of the orthodox treatise of 5841:On the Preparation for Death 4593:On the war against the Turks 4561: 4433:secret inclination of nature 4243:Erasmus was not an absolute 3463:, a former pupil of Erasmus. 2393: 2363: 2318: 2311: 2222: 2125: 2080: 2037: 1967: 1953: 1946: 1918: 1858: 1851: 1799: 1776: 1742: 1673: 1659: 1591:Cities and Routes of Erasmus 1038:, later owned by his friend 147:, letters, author and editor 7: 27170:Dutch Renaissance humanists 27165:Dutch expatriates in France 25105:Theological intellectualism 22798:Best of all possible worlds 22755:Eschatological verification 22312:Fine-tuning of the universe 21835:Martin Luther's Death House 21830:Martin Luther's Birth House 21693:Hans and Margarethe Luther 21606:Priesthood of all believers 21063:Julius Excluded from Heaven 20920:. NGN produkties Amsterdam. 20868:(public domain audiobooks) 20528:McDonald, Grantley (2016). 20501:Martin, Terence J. (2016). 19868:Stein, Wilhelm (1929), p.78 19565:10.1093/rheumatology/keg474 19518:The Journal of Rheumatology 19300:Benedek, Thomas G. (1983). 19128:Moss, Ann (14 March 1996). 18818:Chaudhury, Sarbani (2014). 18259:. Charles Scribner's Sons. 17973:. University of Cambridge. 17934:Laytam, Miles J.J. (2007). 17238:, (1706), vol. 10, 1578BC. 16684:"The Colloquies of Erasmus" 16340:10.1007/978-3-030-79860-4_4 16070:10.21071/refime.v26i1.11846 15615:. University of Leicester. 15518:Cahill, Lisa Sowle (2019). 14784:Żantuan, Konstanty (1965). 14725:Jan Van Herwaarden (2003), 14609:University of Toronto Press 14322:Bell, Aubrey F. G. (1941). 13599:"Erasmus House, Anderlecht" 13006:A Cambridge Alumni Database 12978:. Queenslib.wordpress.com. 12827:University of Toronto Press 12802:"Erasmus, Desiderius" 12436:10.3366/more.2014.51.3-4.13 12206:"Erasmus circle in England" 12090:Coroleu, Alejandro (2014). 11741:Kuhner, John Byron (2017). 11288:. Davidsfonds/Leuven, 2004. 11196:Miller, Clement A. (1966). 11140:The Cloister and the Hearth 9613:), and profane literature ( 9387:Tentler, Thomas N. (1965). 9074:Minnich, Nelson H. (1969). 8301:Life and Letters of Erasmus 7690:are named after him, as is 7540:'s 2009 documentary series 7466:Portrait of Erasmus (Dürer) 7255: 7208: 7138:Julius Excluded from Heaven 6718:of the traditional view". 4685:While many humanists, from 4238:Method of True Theology, 4 4214: 4016:Epitaph for Erasmus in the 3371:of Antwerp, in whose house 3221:Queens' College Old Library 2459:Thin line: alpine crossings 2370: 2208: 2023: 2002: 1995: 1911: 1904: 1693: 1640: 1166:Circle of Latin Secretaries 1051:Brethren of the Common Life 10: 27281: 27260:University of Turin alumni 27255:University of Paris alumni 26778:Pierre Teilhard de Chardin 26768:Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange 26053:Transubstantiation dispute 25483:Principle of double effect 21794:Albrecht VII. von Mansfeld 21445:On the Jews and Their Lies 21367:On the Bondage of the Will 20836:Works by and about Erasmus 20625:Collected Works of Erasmus 20516:. Leiden and Boston: Brill 20473:Dodds, Gregory D. (2010). 20341:; Flower, Barbara (1952). 20104:"Erasmus Building history" 19156:. In Eric MacPhail (ed.), 18397:10.3366/more.1991.28.2-3.4 18339:Eighteenth-Century Studies 18163:Scheck, Thomas P. (2016). 17202:Collected Works of Erasmus 16994:Collected Works of Erasmus 16641:Lusset, Elizabeth (2012). 16601:Wallace, Peter G. (2004). 16535:10.1017/CCOL0521772249.005 16403:10.1177/004056397103200415 15889:Trapman, Johannes (2013). 15656:10.1163/156853106776150225 15638:Dallmayr, Fred R. (2006). 15022:Trinkaus, Charles (1976). 14584:"Desiderius Erasmus" 13670:Müller, Christian (2006). 13631:Serikoff, Nicolaj (2004). 13367:10.14330/jeail.2009.2.2.05 13313:LSU Doctoral Dissertations 13292:Borusowski, Piotr (2020). 13008:. University of Cambridge. 12907:Seebohm, Frederic (1869). 12782:Cambridge (1964), 305-307. 12430:(3–4 (197–198)): 231–244. 11661:Collected Works of Erasmus 11363:World History Encyclopedia 11157:Grendler, Paul F. (1983). 11017:. London: Longmans, Green. 10481:10.1177/004057360706400109 10273:Hoffmann, Manfred (1994). 10085:10.1177/004057360706400109 9478:Contesting the Reformation 9393:Studies in the Renaissance 8134:Monastic Research Bulletin 7941:Haseldine, Julian (2006). 7632:Erasmus University College 7459: 7300:with linen and lace choir 7154: 7093: 7042: 7036: 6870:The Christology of Erasmus 6779:) and Gregory the Great's 6260:in relation to salvation. 6223:§ On Free Will (1524) 6220: 6214: 4817:Principle of Double Effect 4587:, which was then invading 4449:or absolutely mandated by 4312: 3930:In 1535, Erasmus' friends 3833:, Archbishop of Canterbury 3776:, his manual on preaching 3708:Freiburg (1529–1535) 3469:Field of the Cloth of Gold 3453:Field of the Cloth of Gold 1581: 1118:Congregation of Windesheim 794:scholarly editions of the 372:Criticism of Protestantism 185:Queens' College, Cambridge 42: 36: 29: 27027: 26946: 26755: 26614: 26484: 26360: 26239: 26096: 26003: 25863: 25757: 25695: 25686: 25614: 25553: 25350: 25127: 25097: 25059: 25016: 24978: 24971: 24948: 24882: 24829: 24733: 24721:Intellectuals and Society 24671:The Culture of Narcissism 24562: 24230: 24022: 23971: 23900: 23814: 23807: 23747: 23509: 23441: 23373: 23277: 23162: 23082: 23017: 22939: 22846: 22831: 22783: 22745: 22457: 22382: 22257: 22248: 22178: 22115: 22106: 22037: 21974: 21949: 21863: 21845:St. Augustine's Monastery 21802: 21686: 21596:Theology of Martin Luther 21586:Augsburg Confession, 1530 21530: 21477: 21278: 21260: 21202: 21171: 21138: 21127: 21022: 21009: 20799:Works by or about Erasmus 20741:Resources in your library 20717:Resources in your library 20600:, Ravenna, SBC Edizioni, 20546:. Palgrave Macmillan Cham 20539:. Palgrave Macmillan Cham 20519:Massing, Michael (2022). 20429: 20367:Jebb, Richard Claverhouse 19440:10.3138/9781442668331-008 19263:"Erasmus' Medical Milieu" 19070:10.1163/9789004539686_014 19019:10.1163/18712428-09604006 18901:Mccuaig, William (1994). 18786:Alianello, Emily (2019). 18773:10.7591/9780801463273-003 18647:10.1017/9781108761437.002 18582:The Communion of the Book 18541:10.1163/18749275-03901009 17918:10.1163/18749275-03601014 17644:10.1163/18749275-03502003 17559:10.1163/9789401202985_006 17467:10.1163/18749275-03702007 17429:10.1163/9789004539686_005 17396:10.1163/9789004255630_007 17031:10.3366/more.1983.20.1.22 16976:10.1163/18749275-13330103 16948:10.1163/18749275-04401002 16752:Green, Lowell C. (1974). 16523:"The theology of Erasmus" 16489:10.1515/9780228015857-009 16481:The Communion of the Book 16214:10.1515/9781501764769-005 16181:10.1007/978-3-030-24929-8 15309:10.1163/9789004539686_012 15237:10.1017/9781139017169.014 15160:10.1017/9781108775434.011 15009:10.1163/18749275-03601005 14915:10.1163/18749275-03901009 14862:Guggisbert, Hans (2003). 14751:"Erasmus and Switzerland" 14679:Sixteenth Century Journal 14448:. Geneva: Librairie Droz. 14309:10.1163/18749275-00000006 14259:10.3138/9781487532833-007 14178:10.3138/9781487532833-005 14132:10.3138/9781487532833-005 14039:10.1017/9781139087728.005 13868:10.3138/9781442660076-002 13833:10.1163/18749275-03901011 13411:10.1163/9789004255630_009 13296:. UNIWERSYTET WARSZAWSKI. 13248:Seidel Menchi, S. (ed.). 13160:"Old Library Collections" 13064:Wine In The Ancient World 13061:Seltman, Charles (1957). 12753:Treu, Erwin (1959),pp.8–9 12724:10.1163/9789004473676_024 12654:. BoD – Books on Demand. 12500:10.1093/ehr/XXIV.XCIII.91 12154:10.1163/18749275-04102001 11945:10.1093/ehr/XXV.XCVII.123 11906:10.1163/15700690-12341402 10788:10.1163/18749275-03902002 10736:10.1515/9780823295289-004 10713:10.1017/9781108264945.005 10282:. University of Toronto. 9923:10.1163/9789004539686_005 9874:10.1163/18749275-00000005 9537:monachatus non est pietas 9262:Erasmus's Spanish friend 9214:"Erasmus' Medical Milieu" 8982:10.3138/9781487510206-020 8916:Surtz, Edward L. (1950). 8815:) where the prejudice is 8599:Congregation of the Index 8450:Prominent reformers like 8106:Dispensed of his vows of 7643:had an Erasmus Institute. 7213: 6872:(Publisher's description 6095:the former master of the 6091:, and Dominicans such as 6087:such as Jean Vitrier and 4712: 4696: 4630:wrote that the charge of 4302:medieval lay spirituality 4261:On the War with the Turks 3203:Erasmus mainly stayed at 3098: 3042:Doctor of Sacred Theology 2816:: Bishop Henry of Bergen, 2430: 2412: 2408: 2382: 2378: 2352: 2347: 2301: 2296: 2235: 2230: 2200: 2195: 2163: 2158: 2100: 2095: 2056: 2052: 2015: 2010: 1987: 1982: 1931: 1926: 1896: 1891: 1837: 1832: 1789: 1784: 1762: 1757: 1732: 1728: 1705: 1701: 1685: 1681: 1652: 1648: 1625: 1621: 1605: 1523: 627: 623: 615: 605: 595: 590: 586: 582: 578: 487: 478:Lectio difficilior potior 440: 380: 329: 303: 287: 277: 272: 203: 172: 167: 163: 151: 136: 128: 109: 85: 65: 53: 27120:Burials at Basel Münster 26692:Matthias Joseph Scheeben 25885:Athanasius of Alexandria 25777:First Epistle of Clement 24711:The Malaise of Modernity 24661:The History of Sexuality 23760:Catholic social teaching 23027:Friedrich Schleiermacher 22613:Theories about religions 22415:Inconsistent revelations 21648:Eucharist in Lutheranism 21574:Decet Romanum Pontificem 20855: 20842:(German Digital Library) 20631:, in English translation 20225:Barker, William (2022). 19909:european-union.europa.eu 19744:Panofsky, Erwin (1969). 19261:Krivatsy, Peter (1973). 19201:Kloss, Waldemar (1907). 18333:Chapin, Chester (1973). 18310:10.4102/aosis.2023.BK448 18280:Gilson, Étienne (1990). 18255:Gilson, Etienne (1937). 18209:The Sileni of Alcibiades 18169:Erasmus's Life of Origen 17999:Spitz, Lewis W. (1967). 17713:Linkels, Nicole (2013). 17133:A reference to Luther's 15740:Kieffer, Amanda (2006). 15494:"The End of Christendom" 15463:"The Complaint of Peace" 15173:Williams, W. J. (1927). 15129:10.1177/0014524608091090 14749:Campion, Edmund (2003). 14418:(Thesis). UC San Diego. 13909:Seaver, William (1959). 13091:10.1177/0024363920968427 12482:Gairdner, James (1909). 12385:"Erasmus' Greek Studies" 12344:Tracy, James D. (1972). 12271:. University of Chicago. 11781:www.1902encyclopedia.com 11743:"The Vatican's Latinist" 11649:Queering the Renaissance 11625:Kraebel, Andrew (2011). 10414:"Erasmus insists in the 9977:Rice, Eugene F. (1950). 9475:Dixon, C. Scott (2012). 9212:Krivatsy, Peter (1973). 8272:Schofield, John (2003). 7923:Thomson, D.F.S. (1969). 7816:house, Stein (or Steyn). 7711: 7646:The Erasmus Building in 7641:University of Notre Dame 7390:Hans Holbein the Younger 7032: 6540:According to theologian 6488:is regarded as his own. 6363: 6323:In 1529, Erasmus wrote " 6234:The Inquisition of Faith 4574: 4554:The Sileni of Alcibiades 3898:Hugo von Hohenlandenberg 3611:Adagiorum Chiliades tres 3518:Hans Holbein the Younger 3440:By 1518, he reported to 3435:Hieronymus van Busleyden 3267:Hieronymus van Busleyden 3152:Hans Holbein the Younger 2903: 2878:Hans Holbein the Younger 2536: 1032:Temptation of St Anthony 32:Erasmus (disambiguation) 27190:Greek–Latin translators 26803:Dietrich von Hildebrand 26667:Giovanni Maria Cornoldi 26541:Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet 26521:Mary of Jesus of Ágreda 26063:Paulinus II of Aquileia 26058:Predestination disputes 25110:Theological voluntarism 24791:Philosophy of education 21850:Veste Coburg (Fortress) 21399:On War Against the Turk 21119:Ecclesiastes of Erasmus 21095:The Freedom of the Will 20830:German National Library 20596:Lorenzo Cortesi (2012) 20556:Winters, Adam. (2005). 20494:Payne, John B. (1970). 20170:10.1163/187492790X00085 19805:Cleveland Museum of Art 19719:Cleveland Museum of Art 19695:Stein, Wilhelm (1929). 19680:Stein, Wilhelm (1929). 19219:10.5840/monist190717138 18875:. Thomistic Institute. 18798:1961/cuislandora:213631 18750:10.1163/187492798X00069 18722:10.1111/1467-9809.00039 18460:10.1163/187492795X00053 18106:10.3138/j.ctt1287x95.12 17814:Caspari, Fritz (1947). 17515:Laursen, J. C. (2016). 16309:Payne, John B. (1970). 16206:The Salvation of Israel 15347:"Erasmus: Then and Now" 14897:Moore, Michael (2019). 14651:10.1163/187492703X00036 14384:Mackay, Lauren (2019). 13891:Pastor, Ludwig (1923). 13531:Sowards, J. K. (1982). 13207:10.1163/002820390X00024 12808:Encyclopædia Britannica 11720:. Stroud: Sutton publ. 11604:. Nieuwkoop: De Graaf. 11260:Encyclopedia Britannica 11137:The 19th-century novel 11113:"Catholic Encyclopedia" 10630:Encyclopædia Britannica 10250:Furthermore, "the role 10206:between 1150 and 1180, 9834:goal of peace of mind, 9729:De recta pronuntiatione 8819:in order to subvert it. 8617:10.1163/187492700X00048 8456:Erasmus and Switzerland 8315:Bartholome de las Casas 8108:stability and obedience 8094:10.1163/157006994X00117 7893:On Spiritual Friendship 7384:Painting of Erasmus as 7326:) or long black cloak. 6929:superficially repellent 6670:Method of True Theology 6140:Lucas Cranach the Elder 4933:Theological determinism 4613: 4539:In a letter to Cardial 4354:, and his wide-ranging 4339:Dulce bellum inexpertis 4277:development of doctrine 4247:but promoted political 3850:Alonso Manrique de Lara 3490:Basel (1521–1529) 3249:Burgundy/Louvain circle 3186:University of Cambridge 3099:Neakadêmia (Νεακαδημία) 2770:Publio Fausto Andrelini 2566:Publio Fausto Andrelini 2457:Dark circles: residence 1064:The Imitation of Christ 973:Compendium vitae Erasmi 856:matters of indifference 837:On Civility in Children 424:Novum Instrumentum omne 403:On Civility in Children 367:Philosophy of education 311:University of Cambridge 123:, Old Swiss Confederacy 27265:Writers from Rotterdam 27039:Catholicism portal 26888:Hans Urs von Balthasar 26687:Tommaso Maria Zigliara 26627:Félicité de La Mennais 26306:The Cloud of Unknowing 25807:The Shepherd of Hermas 25626:Catholicism portal 23730: 23684: 23670: 22891:Gaunilo of Marmoutiers 22031:Philosophy of religion 21923:Martin Luther, Heretic 21815:Stadtkirche Wittenberg 21581:Marburg Colloquy, 1529 21079:Paraphrases of Erasmus 21031:Prosopopeia Britanniae 20879:from BBC Radio 4 with 20850:Swiss National Library 20641:Rabil, Albert (2001). 20513:A Companion to Erasmus 20498:, Research in Theology 20387:Rummel, Erika (2004). 19158:A Companion to Erasmus 19062:A Companion to Erasmus 18177:10.2307/j.ctt19rmcgd.7 18122:Flowers of Freethought 18119:Foote, George (1894). 18005:Reformers in Profile: 17684:Innerd, W. L. (1969). 17421:A Companion to Erasmus 17204:, Vol. 76, pp. 204–05. 17177:. Brill. p. 172. 16678:A Religious Pilgrimage 16521:Rummel, Erika (2004). 16227:Rummel, Erika (1989). 16150:Jewish Virtual Library 16146:"Erasmus of Rotterdam" 15873:Froude, James Anthony 15861:apostoliki-diakonia.gr 15301:A Companion to Erasmus 15040:10.14315/arg-1976-jg01 14966:10.14315/arg-1987-jg03 14412:Ingram, Kevin (2006). 14209:Wilson, Derek (1996). 13189:Rummel, Erika (1990). 12878:"History and Archives" 12685:Treu, Erwin (1959),p.8 12560:10.3366/more.2022.0119 12383:Giese, Rachel (1934). 12221:10.1093/ref:odnb/96813 11298:Roosen, Joris (2020). 11159:"In Praise of Erasmus" 10827:: 215–55, esp. 238–39. 10371:Not a novel idea: see 10144:Philosophia christiana 10038:Erasmus to Thomas Grey 9915:A Companion to Erasmus 9733:Bacchi, Elisa (2019). 9618: 9610: 9602: 9308: 9300: 9282:similarly came from a 8966:" R. Sider translates 8963: 8887: 8836:Jewish Virtual Library 8832:"Erasmus of Rotterdam" 8419: 7967: 7857:Reformation: A History 7754: 7457: 7449: 7409: 7403: 7392: 7346: 7322: 7307: 7285: 7267: 7203: 7185: 7170: 7151:Legacy and evaluations 7144:The Complaint of Peace 7030: 6992: 6974:patristic commentators 6962: 6878: 6696: 6674: 6633:classical philosophers 6626:Philosophia Christiana 6611: 6581: 6569: 6538: 6516: 6436: 6427:Philosophy and Erasmus 6361: 6338: 6316: 6297: 6263:Luther responded with 6208: 6186: 6165: 6142: 6028: 5981: 5928:Protestant Reformation 5923: 5862: 5769:Catholicism portal 5121:Gregory (of Nazianzus) 4985:Christian Neoplatonism 4623: 4591:, notably in his book 4559: 4496: 4493:Letter to Martin Bucer 4461: 4352:Field of Cloth of Gold 4338: 4308: 4295: 4292:The Complaint of Peace 4273:The Complaint of Peace 4241: 4067: 4059: 4020: 3867:Complutensian Polyglot 3845: 3834: 3741: 3673: 3647:Novum testamentum omne 3583: 3564:Christoph von Utenheim 3464: 3363: 3154: 3089:of the famous printer 3082: 3053: 2885: 1150: 1101: 1042: 1015: 972: 949: 825:The Complaint of Peace 804:Protestant Reformation 515:Johannes Oecolampadius 461:Erasmian pronunciation 93: 28 October 1466 27205:Natural law ethicists 27145:Deaths from dysentery 27125:Catholic philosophers 26813:Marie-Dominique Chenu 26732:Marie-Joseph Lagrange 26717:Désiré-Joseph Mercier 26601:Clement Mary Hofbauer 26596:Johann Michael Sailer 26023:Maximus the Confessor 25715:History of the papacy 25638:Philosophy portal 25453:Infused righteousness 24796:Philosophy of history 24786:Philosophy of culture 24681:A Conflict of Visions 23426:Faith and rationality 23381:Criticism of religion 23319:Robert Merrihew Adams 23309:Nicholas Wolterstorff 22512:Divine command theory 21729:Bartholomaeus Arnoldi 21724:Albert of Brandenburg 21601:Theology of the Cross 21487:First Lutheran hymnal 21415:Articles of Schwabach 20647:Renaissance Quarterly 20489:Erasmus and His Books 20391:. London: Continuum. 20301:Froude, James Anthony 20261:Erasmus: the reformer 20126:queensconferences.com 20070:. Europa (web portal) 19405:Renaissance Quarterly 19353:Renaissance Quarterly 18839:10.14277/2420-823X/3p 18612:www.christianunity.va 18301:The Belgic Confession 18032:10.3138/9781487533250 17365:26 March 2023 at the 17260:10.3138/9781442660076 16434:10.3138/9781487533250 16233:Renaissance Quarterly 16099:Renaissance Quarterly 15584:10.1057/9780230583641 15574:White, R. S. (2008). 14948:Tracy, James (1987). 14590:Catholic Encyclopedia 14472:10.3138/9781487536695 13856:Introductpry Note in 13759:10.3138/9781442680944 13508:10.3138/9781442681019 13282:Kaminska, Barbara A. 13078:The Linacre Quarterly 12797:Allen, Percy Stafford 12780:The Adages of Erasmus 12461:. Turnhout: Brepols. 12389:The Classical Journal 11456:Renaissance Quarterly 11202:The Musical Quarterly 11089:10.3138/9781442674554 11030:Cornelius Augustijn, 10985:Renaissance Quarterly 10858:Renaissance Quarterly 10669:Catholic Encyclopedia 10276:Rhetoric and Theology 10208:Nicolas of Autrecourt 9640:Catholic Encyclopedia 9577:Catholic Encyclopedia 9461:for years before the 8901:Note that the use of 8813:the Mote and the Beam 8645:Kerr, Fergus (2005). 8586:Francis Aidan Gasquet 8420:Lutheranae tragoediae 7460:Further information: 7455: 7439: 7401: 7383: 7344: 7263: 7193: 7172: 7164: 7005: 6966: 6951: 6860: 6682: 6660: 6650:In works such as his 6597: 6571: 6567: 6527: 6505: 6434: 6342: 6333: 6329:Gerardus Geldenhouwer 6302: 6279: 6221:Further information: 6198: 6181: 6129: 6007: 5967: 5917: 5910:Institutional reforms 5860: 5781:Philosophy portal 4621: 4545: 4485: 4459: 4378:Cicero and John Colet 4284: 4231: 4190:Second Temple Judaism 4108:Biographers, such as 4015: 3992:for five years under 3840: 3829: 3816:Preparation for Death 3812:Praeparatio ad mortem 3737: 3671: 3573: 3450: 3412:Ferdinand of Hapsburg 3354: 3146: 3069: 2875: 2834:Abbey of Saint Bertin 2231:Freiburg im Breisgau 1091: 1026: 940: 591:Ecclesiastical career 26989:Raniero Cantalamessa 26959:Alice von Hildebrand 26908:Edward Schillebeeckx 26586:Maria Gaetana Agnesi 26471:Lawrence of Brindisi 26401:Francisco de Vitoria 26191:Beatrice of Nazareth 26166:Hugh of Saint Victor 26146:Bernard of Clairvaux 26126:Anselm of Canterbury 26088:John Scotus Eriugena 26083:Paschasius Radbertus 25930:Gregory of Nazianzus 25824:Epistle to Diognetus 25586:Doctor of the Church 25468:Ontological argument 24801:Political philosophy 24601:Democracy in America 23416:Religious philosophy 22896:Pico della Mirandola 22861:Anselm of Canterbury 22793:Augustinian theodicy 22705:Religious skepticism 22038:Concepts in religion 21658:Words of Institution 21555:Leipzig Debate, 1519 21003:Erasmus of Rotterdam 20918:www.ngnprodukties.nl 20914:"Sporen van Erasmus" 20894:Desiderius Erasmus: 20768:"Desiderius Erasmus" 20756:"Desiderius Erasmus" 20542:Ron, Nathan (2021). 20535:Ron, Nathan (2019). 20422:Erasmus of Rotterdam 20355:The Cloister Library 20108:www.queens.cam.ac.uk 20053:. 19 September 2010. 19481:10.1136/ard.50.7.517 18675:. 1517 Media. 2017. 18476:Remer, Gary (1989). 18412:Studies in Philology 18001:"Desiderius Erasmus" 17962:van Kooten, George. 17875:"Desiderius Erasmus" 17605:10.3138/j.ctt1kgqwzz 17583:Dealy, Ross (2017). 17122:publisher's abstract 16572:"The Erasmus Option" 16324:Ron, Nathan (2021). 16171:Ron, Nathan (2019). 16119:Erasmus and the Jews 16104:29 July 2023 at the 16049:Ron, Nathan (2019). 15982:Howell, Rob (2003). 15891:"Erasmus and Heresy" 15410:Ron, Nathan (2014). 15117:The Expository Times 14889:Terrence J. Martin, 14568:www.italicapress.com 13735:quoting G. Bartrum, 13601:. 14 February 2016. 13478:expo.bib.kuleuven.be 12252:Treu, Erwin (1959). 12203:Baker House, Simon. 11535:Archivium Hibernicum 11359:"Desiderius Erasmus" 11214:10.1093/mq/LII.3.332 11163:The Wilson Quarterly 10950:"Desiderius Erasmus" 10679:13 June 2010 at the 10661:13 June 2010 at the 9323:Johannes Pfefferkorn 9280:Francisco de Vergara 8922:Studies in Philology 8299:Froud, J.A. (1896). 8173:eternal punishment." 7891:'s influential book 7862:Erasmus of Rotterdam 7567:is named after him. 7536:portrays Erasmus in 7444:, 1526, engraved in 6982:methodological works 6944:Theological writings 6868:Terrence J. Martin, 6319:"False evangelicals" 6211:Dispute on free will 6059:evangelical counsels 6052:evangelical counsels 5889:against the heretic 5017:Second scholasticism 4707:intellectual milieux 4687:Pico della Mirandola 4677:Paraphrase on Romans 4665:racially antisemitic 4650:Johannes Pfefferkorn 4581:public policy debate 4510:Theodore the Studite 4167:In a 1518 letter to 4140:Manner of expression 3725:Freiburg im Breisgau 3678:German Peasants' War 3431:University of Alcalá 3243:Flanders and Brabant 2733:Erasmus also became 2713:University of Oxford 1110:Gouda, South Holland 808:Catholic Reformation 769:Northern Renaissance 733:Erasmus of Rotterdam 362:Political philosophy 321:University of Leuven 316:University of Oxford 295:Renaissance humanism 282:Northern Renaissance 30:For other uses, see 18:Erasmus of Rotterdam 27135:Counter-Reformation 27130:Christian humanists 26964:Carlo Maria Martini 26928:Johann Baptist Metz 26898:Frederick Copleston 26722:Friedrich von Hügel 26682:Joseph Hergenröther 26662:Gaetano Sanseverino 26642:Ignaz von Döllinger 26566:Nicolas Malebranche 26406:Thomas of Villanova 26367:Counter-Reformation 26347:Girolamo Savonarola 26161:Hildegard of Bingen 25970:Cyril of Alexandria 25813:Aristides of Athens 25800:Epistle of Barnabas 25789:Ignatius of Antioch 25727:Ecumenical councils 25413:Divine illumination 25069:Augustinian realism 24937:Theological virtues 24876:Catholic philosophy 24641:One-Dimensional Man 23401:History of religion 23102:Friedrich Nietzsche 22979:Gottfried W Leibniz 22974:Nicolas Malebranche 22906:King James VI and I 22186:Abrahamic religions 21988:Theologia Germanica 21754:Johann von Staupitz 21568:Diet of Worms, 1521 21453:Vom Schem Hamphoras 21161:Apophthegmatum opus 20885:Diarmaid MacCulloch 20877:In Our Time podcast 20610:Pep Mayolas (2014) 20576:Erasme et l'Espagne 20408:, James D. (1997). 20263:. London: Methuen. 19697:Holbein der Jüngere 19682:Holbein der Jüngere 18907:The Medieval Review 18822:The Praise Of Folly 18565:Word and Supplement 17971:Faculty of Divinity 16391:Theological Studies 15416:The European Legacy 14849:10.1093/ehr/ceaa149 13704:35 (April): 109–20. 13170:on 13 December 2013 13123:The Recipes Project 13033:World Civilizations 12588:. 23 October 2023. 11842:Laboratoire Italien 11825:Extract of page 159 11806:Hunt Janin (2014). 10954:Winter 2009 Edition 10562:The Praise of Folly 10534:everything else on. 9843:consensus Ecclesiae 9565:Exequiae Seriphicae 9313:In the case of the 9175:Letter to Paul Volz 8113:6 June 2019 at the 7852:Diarmaid MacCulloch 7521:St. Lawrence Church 7416:I concede to no-one 7189:Christian humanists 7132:The Praise of Folly 7126:Protestant bibles. 6924:The Praise of Folly 6903:philosophia christi 6886:Sermon on the Mount 6824:theologia rhetorica 6707:, inverbation, and 6699:Theology of Erasmus 6656:philosophia Christi 6637:philosophia Christi 6631:Erasmus approached 6619:Philosophia Christi 6606:The Praise of Folly 6044:The Praise of Folly 6022:Erasmus, "Charon", 5986:The Praise of Folly 5920:Portrait of Erasmus 4847:Liberation Theology 4748:Catholic philosophy 4663:but not vehemently 4415:of Poland in 1527. 4413:Sigismund I the Old 4200:Spanish Inquisition 4098:Sebastian Castellio 4093:Bonifacius Amerbach 3925:Catherine of Aragon 3886:Guillaume Briçonnet 3560:Antoine I. de Vergy 3514:Bonifacius Amerbach 3419:Collegium Trilingue 3387:running the nearby 3130:The Praise of Folly 3118:The Praise of Folly 3050:University of Turin 3031:New Testament Notes 2688:Catherine of Aragon 2678: • 2639:Christopher Urswick 2547:Collège de Montaigu 2543:University of Paris 2485:), escape from the 1282:defects of natality 1250:Catholic priesthood 1068:Peter left for the 1055:Epistle to Grunnius 819:The Praise of Folly 784:humanist techniques 550:William Shakespeare 545:Miguel de Cervantes 448:Philosophia Christi 389:The Praise of Folly 288:School or tradition 190:University of Turin 180:University of Paris 168:Academic background 27175:Dutch rhetoricians 27115:Augustinian canons 27060:Desiderius Erasmus 26979:Alasdair MacIntyre 26858:Nouvelle théologie 26747:Thérèse of Lisieux 26591:Alfonso Muzzarelli 26531:Jean-Jacques Olier 26501:Tommaso Campanella 26416:Francisco de Osuna 26411:Ignatius of Loyola 26280:Catherine of Siena 26176:Robert Grosseteste 26073:Benedict of Aniane 26013:Isidore of Seville 25955:Augustine of Hippo 25920:Cyril of Jerusalem 25915:Hilary of Poitiers 25581:Islamic philosophy 25535:Trademark argument 25428:Formal distinction 25378:Augustinian values 25051:Analytical Thomism 25031:Christian humanism 24761:Cultural pessimism 24756:Cultural criticism 23655:National character 23411:Religious language 23391:Ethics in religion 23349:William Lane Craig 23224:Charles Hartshorne 22964:Desiderius Erasmus 22866:Augustine of Hippo 22808:Inconsistent triad 22770:Apophatic theology 22765:Logical positivism 22747:Religious language 22367:Watchmaker analogy 22332:Necessary existent 22108:Conceptions of God 22068:Intelligent design 21789:Frederick the Wise 21774:Philip Melanchthon 21700:Katharina von Bora 21494:Erfurt Enchiridion 21287:Ninety-five Theses 21047:In Praise of Folly 20783:Desiderius Erasmus 20468:Erasmus: Wild Bird 20309:. Scribner's Sons. 20128:. Queens' College. 20122:"The Erasmus Room" 20110:. Queens' College. 20068:"Erasmus Building" 19931:"Erasmus Lectures" 18831:English Literature 18568:. Oxford Academic. 18088:The Erasmus Reader 18063:Hitchcock, James. 17743:Thorsrud, Harald. 17050:Project Guttenberg 17044:Emerton, Ephraim. 16904:www.britannica.com 16682:Seery, Stephenia. 14843:(575): 1016–1018. 14070:www.britannica.com 14030:Reformation Europe 13721:. British Museum. 13119:"Bibulous Erasmus" 12586:www.britannica.com 12350:. Librairie Droz. 12070:10.17863/CAM.81488 11402:, and Olsen, Ted. 11357:Cartwright, Mark. 11256:"Alexander Hegius" 11198:"Erasmus on Music" 10656:Desiderius Erasmus 10654:Sauer, J. (1909). 10434:Alexander of Hales 10432:, associated with 10254:plays in Erasmus' 10227:Accommodation and 10154:; wherever it was 10142:A Lutheran view: " 9917:. pp. 45–67. 9782:. pp. 86–99. 9669:on 7 February 2007 9619:prophanae litterae 9457:"Erasmus had been 8970:as "he prevailed" 8764:10.1086/SCJ4801005 8647:"Comment: Erasmus" 7962:Letter to Grunnius 7889:Aelred of Rievaulx 7742:Erasmus of Formiae 7618:Rotterdam has the 7512:Hendrick de Keyser 7458: 7450: 7404: 7393: 7347: 7290:habit of his order 7286: 7171: 6853:he had given this 6796:Philip Melanchthon 6570: 6560:Anti-scholasticism 6437: 6398:Heinrich Eppendorf 6179:in 1524 he wrote: 6177:Philip Melanchthon 6143: 6136:Philip Melanchthon 6097:Order of Preachers 6033:Augustinian Canons 5924: 5895:transubstantiation 5863: 5126:Gregory (of Nyssa) 4854:Christian Humanism 4624: 4505:Inquisitio de fide 4470:De libero arbitrio 4468:. For example, in 4462: 4398:Adrianus Barlandus 4116:Manner of thinking 4021: 3879:Ignatius of Loyola 3875:Alonso III Fonseca 3846: 3844:, Bishop of Durham 3835: 3802:Explanatio Symboli 3742: 3690:Cornelius Grapheus 3674: 3598:and later his son 3584: 3536: • 3532: • 3528: • 3524: • 3520: • 3512: • 3508: • 3504: • 3465: 3389:diocese of Tournai 3364: 3338:Hermannus Buschius 3306: • 3302: • 3298: • 3283:Cornelius Grapheus 3281: • 3279:Nicolas Cleynaerts 3277: • 3273: • 3269: • 3265: • 3261: • 3257: • 3233:Master of Requests 3175:Convocation sermon 3155: 3083: 3014:personal physician 2958: • 2954: • 2950: • 2946: • 2942: • 2938: • 2934: • 2930: • 2926: • 2922: • 2918: • 2886: 2800: • 2796: • 2792: • 2788: • 2784: • 2780: • 2776: • 2772: • 2757:France and Brabant 2686: • 2682: • 2674: • 2670: • 2657: • 2653: • 2649: • 2645: • 2641: • 2637: • 2633: • 2629: • 2625: • 2621: • 2617: • 2613: • 2609: • 2605: • 2601: • 2597: • 2501:), royal counsel ( 2493:), employment (to 1983:Brussels, Antwerp 1626:Oxford, Cambridge 1226: • 1222: • 1218: • 1214: • 1206: • 1202: • 1200:Cornelius Grapheus 1198: • 1194: • 1190: • 1186: • 1182: • 1178: • 1139:Letter to Grunnius 1133:Certain abuses in 1122:Squire Francis War 1102: 1043: 1010:Rudolphus Agricola 963:the bubonic plague 950: 946:Hendrick de Keyser 932:Erasmus of Formiae 879:. His influential 741:Christian humanist 555:Ignatius of Loyola 505:Philip Melanchthon 259:Augustine of Hippo 60:Desiderius Erasmus 27230:Proto-Protestants 27047: 27046: 26974:Gustavo Gutiérrez 26969:Pope Benedict XVI 26954:Pope John Paul II 26853:Josemaría Escrivá 26843:Henri Daniel-Rops 26727:Vladimir Solovyov 26707:Neo-scholasticism 26647:John Henry Newman 26581:Louis de Montfort 26576:Alphonsus Liguori 26571:Giambattista Vico 26506:Pierre de Bérulle 26492:French Revolution 26461:Robert Bellarmine 26441:John of the Cross 26327:Julian of Norwich 26285:Bridget of Sweden 26275:John of Ruusbroec 26265:William of Ockham 26181:Francis of Assisi 26171:Dominic de Guzmán 26141:Decretum Gratiani 26116:Berengar of Tours 26005:Early Middle Ages 25975:Peter Chrysologus 25925:Basil of Caesarea 25910:Ephrem the Syrian 25850:Antipope Novatian 25646: 25645: 25561:Catholic theology 25508:Seven deadly sins 25478:Peripatetic axiom 25388:Cartesian dualism 25123: 25122: 25089:Scotistic realism 25046:Neo-scholasticism 24842: 24841: 24558: 24557: 23703:Spontaneous order 23693:Social alienation 23542:Cultural heritage 23503:Social philosophy 23469: 23468: 23369: 23368: 23329:Peter van Inwagen 23314:Richard Swinburne 23259:George I Mavrodes 23119:Vladimir Solovyov 23059:Søren Kierkegaard 22984:William Wollaston 22931:William of Ockham 22911:Marcion of Sinope 22813:Irenaean theodicy 22803:Euthyphro dilemma 22730:Transcendentalism 22559:Womanist theology 22549:Feminist theology 22453: 22452: 22244: 22243: 22130:Divine simplicity 22050:Euthyphro dilemma 21997: 21996: 21961:, Washington D.C. 21769:Andreas Karlstadt 21720: 21712: 21704: 21696: 21653:Sacramental union 21526: 21525: 21430:Smalcald Articles 21220: 21219: 20900:Christian Bartolf 20891:, and Jill Kraye. 20794:Project Gutenberg 20698:Library resources 20606:978-88-6347-271-4 20572:Bataillon, Marcel 20420:, Stefan (1937). 20351:Harper Torchbacks 20347:. Harper Collins. 20330:978-0-631-19388-3 19975:"Erasmus Studies" 19808:. 31 October 2018 19722:. 31 October 2018 19655:"Erasmus' bonnet" 19449:978-1-4426-6833-1 18941:www.gutenberg.org 18867:Aquinas, Thomas. 18682:978-1-5064-2337-1 18656:978-1-108-76143-7 18319:978-1-77995-289-9 18266:978-0-89870-748-9 18041:978-1-4875-3325-0 17800:978-1-139-05363-1 17547:Faux Titre Online 17301:978-1-108-47797-0 17269:978-1-4426-6007-6 17159:978-0-8020-4317-7 16730:aldine.lib.sfu.ca 16724:Willinsky, John. 16612:978-0-333-64451-5 16498:978-0-2280-1585-7 16443:978-1-4875-3325-0 16349:978-3-030-79859-8 16190:978-3-030-24928-1 16023:978-0-8132-3802-9 15702:978-0-520-30403-1 15593:978-1-349-36295-0 15531:978-1-5064-3165-9 15175:"Erasmus the Man" 15098:978-1-139-05550-5 14790:The Polish Review 14562:Ruth, Jeffrey S. 14481:978-1-4875-3669-5 14268:978-1-4875-3283-3 14187:978-1-4875-3283-3 14141:978-1-4875-3283-3 14048:978-1-107-60354-7 13956:The Low Countries 13877:978-1-4426-6007-6 13768:978-1-4426-8094-4 13702:Library Quarterly 13687:978-3-7913-3580-3 13517:978-1-4426-8101-9 13452:978-0-520-08745-3 13420:978-90-04-25563-0 12661:978-3-7523-4313-7 12634:978-2-503-58077-7 12468:978-2-503-60225-7 12357:978-2-600-03041-0 12234:(Subscription or 12106:978-1-4438-5894-6 11989:978-1-4426-6833-1 11878:978-0-8020-2656-9 11819:978-0-7864-5201-9 11747:The New Criterion 11663:, vol. 1, p. 12 ( 11611:978-90-6004-392-9 11314:978-94-6416-146-5 11098:978-1-4426-7455-4 10948:Nauert, Charles. 10745:978-0-8232-9528-9 10289:978-0-8020-0579-3 10204:John of Salisbury 9690:further scrutiny. 9611:sacrae scripturae 9563:See the collequy 9492:978-1-4051-1323-6 9032:"The argument of 8657:(1003): 257–258. 8544:Expositio Fidelis 8481:Augustinus Marius 8477:Augustinian Canon 8469:Haus zum Walfisch 8216:Roth, F. (1965). 7769:Hieronymous Bosch 7665:Rotterdam has an 7572:Erasmus Programme 7561:exchange students 7557:Erasmus Programme 7516:statue of Erasmus 7367:Alexander Stewart 7231:sweating sickness 7181:Renaissance Types 7075:De ratione studii 7059:Ulrich von Hutten 6917:Mystical theology 6542:George van Kooten 6377:Ulrich von Hutten 6103:Protestant reform 6089:Cardinal Cisneros 5993:Anti-fraternalism 5963:radical offshoots 5891:Berengar of Tours 5818: 5817: 5751: 5750: 5636:Garrigou-Lagrange 4945:Divine Attributes 4691:Johannes Reuchlin 4603:for the latter. 4541:Lorenzo Campeggio 4534:Münster rebellion 4376:", which owes to 4225:Nativity of Jesus 4104:Thought and views 3982:Oath of Supremacy 3978:Cuthbert Tunstall 3952:Expositio Fidelis 3923:; in early 1536, 3896:and Swiss bishop 3842:Cuthbert Tunstall 3721:Augustinus Marius 3680:(1524–1525), the 3600:Hieronymus Froben 3542:Augustinus Marius 3506:Hieronymus Froben 3421:for the study of 3342:Ulrich von Hutten 3304:Ulrich von Hutten 3255:Adrian of Utrecht 3110:Alexander Stewart 3074:, Venice (1501): 2964:Tommaso Inghirami 2928:Alexander Stewart 2858:Philip "the Fair" 2684:Margaret Beaufort 2651:Lorenzo Campeggio 2623:Cuthbert Tunstall 2487:sweating sickness 2477:), education (to 2467: 2466: 2455:Green: early life 2450: 2449: 2303:Florence, Ferrara 1927:'s-Hertogenbosch 1239:Bishop of Cambrai 1212:Alfonso de Valdés 1204:Johannes Secundus 1028:Hieronymous Bosch 942:Statue of Erasmus 631: 630: 565:John Henry Newman 540:François Rabelais 357:Catholic theology 347:Pastoral theology 16:(Redirected from 27272: 27235:Proverb scholars 27037: 27036: 26878:Emmanuel Mounier 26873:Bernard Lonergan 26798:Georges Bernanos 26783:Jacques Maritain 26763:G. K. Chesterton 26652:Henri Lacordaire 26551:Cornelius Jansen 26546:François Fénelon 26476:Francis de Sales 26466:Francisco Suárez 26337:Nicholas of Cusa 26221:Siger of Brabant 26206:Boetius of Dacia 26186:Anthony of Padua 26131:Joachim of Fiore 26111:Gregory of Narek 26098:High Middle Ages 26043:John of Damascus 25935:Gregory of Nyssa 25673: 25666: 25659: 25650: 25649: 25636: 25635: 25634: 25624: 25623: 25448:Homo unius libri 25393:Cogito, ergo sum 25383:Cardinal virtues 25084:Moderate realism 24976: 24975: 24966: 24965: 24960: 24959: 24954: 24953: 24892:Cardinal virtues 24869: 24862: 24855: 24846: 24845: 24806:Social criticism 24726: 24716: 24706: 24696: 24686: 24676: 24666: 24656: 24646: 24636: 24626: 24616: 24606: 24596: 24586: 24576: 23812: 23811: 23794:Frankfurt School 23772:Communitarianism 23735: 23689: 23675: 23496: 23489: 23482: 23473: 23472: 23459: 23458: 23449: 23354:Ali Akbar Rashad 23217:Reinhold Niebuhr 23177:Bertrand Russell 23172:George Santayana 23069:Albrecht Ritschl 23054:Ludwig Feuerbach 22844: 22843: 22840:(by date active) 22700:Process theology 22445:Russell's teapot 22255: 22254: 22250:Existence of God 22160:Process theology 22113: 22112: 22098:Theological veto 22061:religious belief 22024: 22017: 22010: 22001: 22000: 21951:Luther Monuments 21764:Karl von Miltitz 21744:Johann Cochlaeus 21718: 21710: 21708:Magdalena Luther 21702: 21694: 21475: 21474: 21247: 21240: 21233: 21224: 21223: 21210: 21209: 21133: 20996: 20989: 20982: 20973: 20972: 20964: 20963: 20952: 20951: 20940: 20939: 20938: 20931: 20921: 20873: 20872: 20862:Works by Erasmus 20803:Internet Archive 20790:Works by Erasmus 20777: 20686: 20629:U. Toronto Press 20453: 20402: 20374: 20348: 20334: 20310: 20296: 20279:Emerton, Ephraim 20274: 20248: 20237:. Fearn: Focus. 20222: 20189: 20188: 20186: 20184: 20149: 20143: 20136: 20130: 20129: 20118: 20112: 20111: 20100: 20094: 20093: 20086: 20080: 20079: 20077: 20075: 20064: 20055: 20054: 20043: 20037: 20036: 20025: 20019: 20018: 20007: 20001: 20000: 19989: 19983: 19982: 19971: 19965: 19964: 19952: 19946: 19945: 19943: 19941: 19927: 19921: 19920: 19918: 19916: 19911:. European Union 19901: 19895: 19894: 19892: 19890: 19875: 19869: 19866: 19860: 19859: 19857: 19855: 19841: 19835: 19834: 19824: 19818: 19817: 19815: 19813: 19796: 19790: 19789: 19741: 19732: 19731: 19729: 19727: 19710: 19701: 19700: 19692: 19686: 19685: 19677: 19666: 19662: 19649: 19626: 19620: 19617: 19606: 19601: 19595: 19594: 19583: 19577: 19576: 19548: 19542: 19541: 19524:(6): 1181–1184. 19509: 19503: 19502: 19492: 19460: 19454: 19453: 19427: 19421: 19420: 19399: 19393: 19392: 19344: 19338: 19337: 19297: 19291: 19290: 19258: 19252: 19245: 19239: 19238: 19198: 19192: 19191: 19189: 19187: 19167: 19161: 19148: 19142: 19141: 19125: 19119: 19118: 19095:The Art Bulletin 19090: 19084: 19083: 19057: 19051: 19050: 19048: 19046: 18998: 18992: 18985: 18979: 18978: 18976: 18974: 18954: 18945: 18944: 18933: 18927: 18926: 18924: 18922: 18898: 18889: 18888: 18886: 18884: 18864: 18858: 18857: 18855: 18853: 18847: 18828: 18815: 18809: 18808: 18806: 18804: 18783: 18777: 18776: 18760: 18754: 18753: 18732: 18726: 18725: 18701: 18695: 18694: 18667: 18661: 18660: 18634: 18628: 18627: 18625: 18623: 18603: 18597: 18596: 18576: 18570: 18569: 18559: 18553: 18552: 18524: 18518: 18517: 18515: 18513: 18473: 18464: 18463: 18443: 18428: 18427: 18407: 18401: 18400: 18384: 18371: 18370: 18330: 18324: 18323: 18294: 18288: 18287: 18277: 18271: 18270: 18252: 18246: 18245: 18221: 18212: 18205: 18199: 18198: 18160: 18154: 18153: 18136: 18130: 18129: 18127: 18116: 18110: 18109: 18084:"Letter to Dorp" 18079: 18073: 18072: 18060: 18054: 18053: 18015: 18009: 18008: 17996: 17990: 17989: 17987: 17985: 17979: 17968: 17964:"Three Symposia" 17959: 17953: 17952: 17950: 17948: 17942: 17931: 17922: 17921: 17901: 17895: 17894: 17892: 17890: 17870: 17864: 17863: 17861: 17859: 17811: 17805: 17804: 17778: 17765: 17764: 17762: 17760: 17740: 17734: 17733: 17731: 17729: 17719: 17710: 17704: 17703: 17701: 17699: 17681: 17675: 17674: 17672: 17670: 17654: 17648: 17647: 17627: 17621: 17620: 17618: 17616: 17580: 17571: 17570: 17542: 17536: 17535: 17533: 17531: 17521: 17512: 17506: 17505: 17477: 17471: 17470: 17449: 17443: 17442: 17416: 17410: 17409: 17383: 17377: 17355: 17349: 17348: 17346: 17344: 17312: 17306: 17305: 17285: 17274: 17273: 17247: 17241: 17232: 17226: 17211: 17205: 17195: 17189: 17188: 17168: 17162: 17148: 17142: 17131: 17125: 17120:Massing, 2022 ( 17118: 17112: 17111: 17109: 17107: 17092: 17086: 17085: 17084:. pp. 6, 7. 17083: 17072: 17066: 17065: 17063: 17061: 17041: 17035: 17034: 17017: 17008: 17007: 16986: 16980: 16979: 16959: 16953: 16952: 16950: 16926: 16920: 16919: 16917: 16915: 16896: 16890: 16887: 16881: 16880: 16878: 16876: 16820: 16814: 16807: 16798: 16797: 16749: 16743: 16740: 16734: 16733: 16721: 16715: 16714: 16698: 16692: 16691: 16675: 16669: 16668: 16666: 16664: 16658: 16647: 16638: 16632: 16631: 16630:. 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Archived from 9657: 9651: 9648: 9642: 9630:Future cardinal 9628: 9622: 9585: 9579: 9573: 9567: 9561: 9555: 9546: 9540: 9534: 9528: 9525: 9519: 9512: 9506: 9503: 9497: 9496: 9455: 9449: 9446: 9437: 9436: 9434: 9432: 9382: 9376: 9372: 9366: 9354: 9348: 9342: 9336: 9293: 9287: 9261: 9259: 9257: 9203: 9197: 9196: 9183: 9177: 9171: 9165: 9163: 9149:De bello Turcico 9147:"...the goal of 9145: 9139: 9136: 9130: 9123: 9117: 9115: 9113: 9111: 9068:speaking at the 9062: 9056: 9053: 9047: 9044: 9038: 9037:nonfunctional." 9030: 9024: 9020: 9014: 9010: 9004: 9003: 8956: 8950: 8949: 8947: 8945: 8899: 8894:Erasmus (1523). 8890: 8883: 8877: 8858: 8852: 8851: 8849: 8847: 8826: 8820: 8797:de bello Turcico 8793: 8787: 8785: 8775: 8746: 8737: 8729: 8723: 8715: 8709: 8702: 8696: 8689: 8683: 8682: 8641: 8635: 8627: 8621: 8620: 8595: 8589: 8573: 8567: 8553: 8547: 8540: 8534: 8531: 8525: 8517: 8511: 8508: 8502: 8499: 8493: 8490: 8484: 8465: 8459: 8448: 8442: 8438: 8432: 8431: 8429: 8412: 8406: 8399: 8393: 8390: 8384: 8369: 8363: 8362: 8360: 8358: 8336: 8330: 8311: 8305: 8304: 8295: 8289: 8287: 8264: 8258: 8254: 8248: 8245: 8208: 8202: 8198: 8192: 8189: 8183: 8180: 8174: 8166: 8160: 8157: 8151: 8148: 8142: 8141: 8128: 8122: 8104: 8098: 8097: 8076: 8070: 8062: 8056: 8053: 8047: 8043: 8037: 8026: 8020: 8008: 7999: 7996: 7990: 7989: 7970: 7958: 7952: 7950: 7936: 7929:De Gulden Passer 7917: 7911: 7882: 7876: 7868:26 (1975), 403" 7849: 7843: 7823: 7817: 7810: 7804: 7803: 7801: 7799: 7778: 7772: 7765: 7759: 7757: 7731: 7725: 7722: 7606:Joseph Ratzinger 7412: 7310: 7270: 7201: 7200:Christophe Ocker 7183: 7090:Notable writings 7084:Dürer's portrait 7039:Works of Erasmus 7028: 6990: 6978:exegetical works 6960: 6876: 6794:, and with both 6694: 6672: 6609: 6579: 6536: 6514: 6359: 6314: 6295: 6206: 6170: 6093:Cardinal Cajetan 6026: 5979: 5918:Albrecht Dürer, 5810: 5803: 5796: 5779: 5778: 5777: 5767: 5766: 5156:John of Damascus 5064: 5063: 4894:Moderate realism 4802:Cardinal virtues 4774: 4773: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4733: 4726: 4725: 4722:Religious reform 4645:Adversus Judaeos 4626:Erasmus scholar 4583:on war with the 4557: 4502:. Erasmus wrote 4494: 4341: 4293: 4239: 4176:de bello Turcico 4060:domine fac finem 4035:in preparation ( 3986:Stephen Gardiner 3967:Michael Servetus 3940:Richard Reynolds 3894:Giles of Viterbo 3822:Fates of friends 3750:Diet of Augsburg 3698:Louis de Berquin 3530:Sebastian Brandt 3442:Paulus Bombasius 3308:Nicolaas Baechem 3237:Privy Counsellor 3210: 3171:St Paul's School 3100: 3058: 2968:Domenico Grimani 2960:Ferry Carondelet 2948:Giles of Viterbo 2786:Richard Whitford 2778:Louis de Berquin 2753:several months. 2655:Richard Reynolds 2647:Richard Whitford 2589:English circle. 2425: 2424: 2403: 2402: 2396: 2395: 2373: 2372: 2366: 2365: 2342: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2328: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2297:Besançon, Basel 2290: 2289: 2282: 2281: 2273: 2272: 2266: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2225: 2224: 2218: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2190: 2189: 2183: 2182: 2176: 2175: 2152: 2151: 2144: 2143: 2135: 2134: 2128: 2127: 2120: 2119: 2112: 2111: 2090: 2089: 2083: 2082: 2076: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2047: 2046: 2040: 2039: 2033: 2032: 2026: 2025: 2005: 2004: 1998: 1997: 1977: 1976: 1970: 1969: 1963: 1962: 1956: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1942: 1941: 1921: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1907: 1906: 1885: 1884: 1877: 1876: 1868: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1847: 1846: 1826: 1825: 1818: 1817: 1809: 1808: 1802: 1801: 1779: 1778: 1772: 1771: 1752: 1751: 1745: 1744: 1723: 1722: 1716: 1715: 1696: 1695: 1676: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1661: 1643: 1642: 1636: 1635: 1616: 1615: 1603: 1602: 1586: 1378: 1371: 1364: 1361: 1354: 1347: 1340: 1337: 1330: 1327: 1320: 1317: 1310: 1307: 1300: 1297: 1224:Gentian Hervetus 1196:Hieronymus Emser 1135:religious orders 1047:'s-Hertogenbosch 1036:'s-Hertogenbosch 1018: 1006:Alexander Hegius 975: 810:. He also wrote 730: 725: 718: 714: 710: 705: 704: 701: 700: 697: 694: 691: 688: 685: 682: 679: 675: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 560:Francis De Sales 510:Huldrych Zwingli 129:Other names 116: 94: 91: 70: 51: 50: 45:Works of Erasmus 21: 27280: 27279: 27275: 27274: 27273: 27271: 27270: 27269: 27180:Dutch satirists 27155:Dutch essayists 27150:Dutch educators 27050: 27049: 27048: 27043: 27031: 27023: 27004:Jean-Luc Marion 26942: 26893:Marcel Lefebvre 26818:Romano Guardini 26773:Joseph Maréchal 26751: 26742:Maurice Blondel 26637:Antonio Rosmini 26632:Luigi Taparelli 26610: 26536:Louis Thomassin 26511:Pierre Gassendi 26494: 26490: 26480: 26431:Teresa of Ávila 26369: 26365: 26356: 26342:Marsilio Ficino 26332:Thomas à Kempis 26322:Devotio Moderna 26295:Johannes Tauler 26290:Meister Eckhart 26260:Dante Alighieri 26235: 26201:Albertus Magnus 26092: 25999: 25945:John Chrysostom 25873: 25869: 25859: 25772:Clement of Rome 25753: 25691: 25682: 25677: 25647: 25642: 25632: 25630: 25618: 25610: 25571:Aristotelianism 25549: 25398:Dehellenization 25346: 25119: 25115:Foundationalism 25093: 25055: 25012: 24967: 24963: 24961: 24957: 24955: 24951: 24946: 24932:Social teaching 24878: 24873: 24843: 24838: 24825: 24751:Critical theory 24729: 24724: 24714: 24704: 24694: 24684: 24674: 24664: 24654: 24644: 24634: 24624: 24614: 24604: 24594: 24584: 24574: 24554: 24232: 24226: 24024: 24018: 23967: 23896: 23803: 23755:Budapest School 23743: 23532:Cosmopolitanism 23505: 23500: 23470: 23465: 23437: 23365: 23361:Alexander Pruss 23344:Jean-Luc Marion 23299:Alvin Plantinga 23294:Dewi Z Phillips 23281: 23279: 23273: 23244:Walter Kaufmann 23234:Frithjof Schuon 23207:Rudolf Bultmann 23164: 23158: 23154:Joseph Maréchal 23144:Pavel Florensky 23139:Sergei Bulgakov 23124:Ernst Troeltsch 23107:Harald Høffding 23084: 23078: 23049:William Whewell 23037:Georg W F Hegel 23032:Karl C F Krause 23019: 23013: 23009:Johann G Herder 22999:Baron d'Holbach 22949:Augustin Calmet 22935: 22851: 22839: 22838: 22835: 22827: 22785:Problem of evil 22779: 22775:Verificationism 22741: 22449: 22395:Atheist's Wager 22378: 22240: 22174: 22102: 22078:Problem of evil 22033: 22028: 21998: 21993: 21970: 21965:Luther Monument 21959:Luther Monument 21945: 21859: 21855:Wartburg Castle 21798: 21749:Johann Reuchlin 21682: 21641:Marian theology 21532: 21522: 21473: 21423:Large Catechism 21407:Small Catechism 21274: 21256: 21251: 21221: 21216: 21198: 21167: 21154:Textus Receptus 21134: 21125: 21018: 21005: 21000: 20970: 20958: 20946: 20936: 20934: 20926: 20912: 20870: 20858: 20822:(Latin Library) 20811: 20766: 20752: 20751: 20750: 20727: 20726: 20706: 20705: 20701: 20694: 20659:10.2307/1262226 20621: 20619:Primary sources 20591:Loyola y Erasmo 20568: 20563: 20525:. HarperCollins 20450: 20436: 20432: 20427: 20399: 20383:, pp. 219. 20339:Huizinga, Johan 20331: 20315:Halkin, Leon E. 20271: 20245: 20219: 20202: 20197: 20195:Further reading 20192: 20182: 20180: 20158:Erasmus Studies 20150: 20146: 20137: 20133: 20120: 20119: 20115: 20102: 20101: 20097: 20088: 20087: 20083: 20073: 20071: 20066: 20065: 20058: 20045: 20044: 20040: 20027: 20026: 20022: 20009: 20008: 20004: 19991: 19990: 19986: 19973: 19972: 19968: 19953: 19949: 19939: 19937: 19929: 19928: 19924: 19914: 19912: 19903: 19902: 19898: 19888: 19886: 19876: 19872: 19867: 19863: 19853: 19851: 19843: 19842: 19838: 19825: 19821: 19811: 19809: 19798: 19797: 19793: 19742: 19735: 19725: 19723: 19712: 19711: 19704: 19693: 19689: 19678: 19669: 19665: 19627: 19623: 19618: 19609: 19602: 19598: 19585: 19584: 19580: 19549: 19545: 19510: 19506: 19461: 19457: 19450: 19429: 19428: 19424: 19400: 19396: 19365:10.2307/2860126 19345: 19341: 19298: 19294: 19259: 19255: 19246: 19242: 19199: 19195: 19185: 19183: 19168: 19164: 19149: 19145: 19126: 19122: 19091: 19087: 19080: 19058: 19054: 19044: 19042: 18999: 18995: 18986: 18982: 18972: 18970: 18955: 18948: 18935: 18934: 18930: 18920: 18918: 18899: 18892: 18882: 18880: 18865: 18861: 18851: 18849: 18845: 18826: 18816: 18812: 18802: 18800: 18784: 18780: 18761: 18757: 18733: 18729: 18702: 18698: 18691:j.ctt1ggjhg1.15 18683: 18669: 18668: 18664: 18657: 18635: 18631: 18621: 18619: 18604: 18600: 18593: 18577: 18573: 18562:Ward, Timothy. 18560: 18556: 18529:Erasmus Studies 18525: 18521: 18511: 18509: 18474: 18467: 18444: 18431: 18408: 18404: 18385: 18374: 18351:10.2307/3031577 18331: 18327: 18320: 18295: 18291: 18283:Medieval Essays 18278: 18274: 18267: 18253: 18249: 18222: 18215: 18206: 18202: 18187: 18161: 18157: 18150: 18138: 18137: 18133: 18125: 18117: 18113: 18098: 18082: 18081:Letter to Dorp 18080: 18076: 18061: 18057: 18042: 18024:Erasmus Studies 18016: 18012: 17997: 17993: 17983: 17981: 17977: 17966: 17960: 17956: 17946: 17944: 17940: 17932: 17925: 17906:Erasmus Studies 17902: 17898: 17888: 17886: 17871: 17867: 17857: 17855: 17832:10.2307/2707442 17812: 17808: 17801: 17779: 17768: 17758: 17756: 17741: 17737: 17727: 17725: 17717: 17711: 17707: 17697: 17695: 17682: 17678: 17668: 17666: 17655: 17651: 17632:Erasmus Studies 17628: 17624: 17614: 17612: 17597: 17581: 17574: 17543: 17539: 17529: 17527: 17519: 17513: 17509: 17478: 17474: 17455:Erasmus Studies 17450: 17446: 17439: 17417: 17413: 17406: 17390:. p. 139. 17384: 17380: 17375:, p. 219, 1875. 17367:Wayback Machine 17356: 17352: 17342: 17340: 17313: 17309: 17302: 17286: 17277: 17270: 17248: 17244: 17233: 17229: 17212: 17208: 17196: 17192: 17185: 17169: 17165: 17161:Vol. 76, p. 203 17149: 17145: 17132: 17128: 17119: 17115: 17105: 17103: 17093: 17089: 17081: 17073: 17069: 17059: 17057: 17042: 17038: 17018: 17011: 17004: 16988: 16987: 16983: 16960: 16956: 16935:Erasmus Studies 16927: 16923: 16913: 16911: 16898: 16897: 16893: 16888: 16884: 16874: 16872: 16841:10.2307/3162926 16821: 16817: 16808: 16801: 16770:10.2307/3163951 16750: 16746: 16741: 16737: 16722: 16718: 16699: 16695: 16676: 16672: 16662: 16660: 16656: 16645: 16639: 16635: 16624: 16620: 16613: 16599: 16595: 16585: 16583: 16568: 16564: 16554: 16552: 16545: 16519: 16506: 16499: 16477: 16473: 16464: 16463: 16459: 16444: 16426:Erasmus Studies 16422: 16418: 16387: 16383: 16367: 16366: 16359: 16357: 16350: 16322: 16318: 16307: 16303: 16292: 16288: 16278: 16276: 16245:10.2307/2861633 16225: 16221: 16202: 16198: 16191: 16169: 16165: 16155: 16153: 16144: 16143: 16139: 16129: 16127: 16116: 16115: 16111: 16106:Wayback Machine 16090: 16088: 16084: 16053: 16047: 16043: 16033: 16031: 16024: 16008: 15999: 15980: 15976: 15966: 15964: 15957:Catholic Herald 15949: 15945: 15930: 15926: 15916: 15914: 15887: 15883: 15872: 15868: 15855: 15854: 15850: 15840: 15838: 15829: 15825: 15809: 15805: 15795: 15793: 15774: 15765: 15755: 15753: 15738: 15734: 15721: 15717: 15707: 15705: 15703: 15687: 15683: 15673: 15671: 15636: 15632: 15622: 15620: 15605: 15601: 15594: 15572: 15568: 15558: 15556: 15552: 15551: 15547: 15532: 15516: 15512: 15502: 15500: 15490: 15486: 15476: 15474: 15459: 15455: 15445: 15443: 15408: 15401: 15391: 15389: 15374: 15370: 15360: 15358: 15343: 15339: 15330: 15326: 15319: 15297: 15293: 15258: 15254: 15247: 15225: 15218: 15208: 15206: 15185:(64): 595–604. 15171: 15167: 15148: 15144: 15113: 15106: 15099: 15073: 15062: 15052: 15050: 15020: 15016: 14997:Erasmus Studies 14992: 14988: 14978: 14976: 14946: 14942: 14932: 14930: 14903:Erasmus Studies 14891:Truth and Irony 14888: 14881: 14874: 14860: 14856: 14833: 14829: 14819: 14817: 14782: 14778: 14768: 14766: 14747: 14743: 14737: 14723: 14719: 14696:10.2307/2540661 14674: 14667: 14662: 14658: 14635: 14628: 14618: 14616: 14603: 14602: 14598: 14579: 14575: 14560: 14556: 14546: 14544: 14531: 14530: 14526: 14516: 14514: 14493: 14489: 14482: 14460: 14453: 14442: 14435: 14425: 14423: 14410: 14403: 14396:1959.13/1397919 14382: 14375: 14365: 14363: 14328:Hispanic Review 14320: 14316: 14293: 14284: 14269: 14248: 14247: 14243: 14234: 14230: 14223: 14222:978-0297 815617 14207: 14203: 14188: 14167: 14166: 14157: 14142: 14121: 14119: 14115: 14111: 14102: 14100: 14079: 14077: 14064: 14060: 14056: 14049: 14025: 14021: 13986: 13975: 13965: 13963: 13948: 13944: 13934: 13932: 13928: 13913: 13907: 13900: 13889: 13885: 13878: 13855: 13848: 13821:Erasmus Studies 13813: 13806: 13796: 13794: 13781: 13780: 13776: 13769: 13747: 13743: 13728: 13726: 13713: 13712: 13708: 13699: 13695: 13688: 13680:. p. 296. 13668: 13664: 13629: 13618: 13608: 13606: 13597: 13596: 13592: 13582: 13580: 13549:10.2307/2540011 13529: 13525: 13518: 13496: 13485: 13472: 13471: 13467: 13457: 13455: 13453: 13437: 13428: 13421: 13395: 13391: 13381: 13379: 13347: 13340: 13330: 13328: 13305: 13301: 13280: 13269: 13259: 13257: 13246: 13242: 13232: 13230: 13187: 13183: 13173: 13171: 13158: 13157: 13153: 13149: 13140: 13138: 13056: 13052: 13042: 13040: 13027: 13026: 13022: 13017: 13013: 12999: 12995: 12985: 12983: 12968: 12964: 12954: 12952: 12937: 12930: 12920: 12918: 12905: 12901: 12891: 12889: 12876: 12875: 12871: 12864: 12850: 12846: 12836: 12834: 12821: 12820: 12816: 12790: 12786: 12773: 12769: 12761: 12757: 12752: 12748: 12743: 12739: 12712: 12708: 12693: 12689: 12684: 12669: 12662: 12646: 12642: 12635: 12609: 12605: 12595: 12593: 12580: 12579: 12575: 12544: 12535: 12525: 12523: 12480: 12476: 12469: 12455: 12451: 12420: 12416: 12381: 12377: 12367: 12365: 12358: 12342: 12335: 12325: 12323: 12280: 12276: 12265: 12261: 12250: 12243: 12233: 12225: 12223: 12201: 12190: 12180: 12178: 12141:Erasmus Studies 12133: 12129: 12119: 12117: 12113: 12107: 12096: 12088: 12084: 12074: 12072: 12056: 12052: 12045: 12031: 12027: 12017: 12015: 12002: 12001: 11997: 11990: 11976: 11972: 11962: 11960: 11939:(25): 123–125. 11925: 11921: 11890: 11886: 11879: 11863: 11859: 11834: 11830: 11820: 11804: 11800: 11790: 11788: 11775: 11774: 11770: 11760: 11758: 11739: 11735: 11728: 11714: 11710: 11700: 11698: 11691: 11675: 11671: 11659: 11655: 11646: 11642: 11623: 11619: 11612: 11598: 11594: 11581: 11562: 11527: 11523: 11513: 11511: 11502:Devotio Moderna 11495: 11491: 11468:10.2307/2859495 11452: 11439: 11433: 11417: 11410: 11398: 11391: 11386: 11382: 11372: 11370: 11355: 11351: 11346: 11337: 11327: 11325: 11321: 11315: 11307:. p. 174. 11304: 11296: 11292: 11283: 11279: 11269: 11267: 11254: 11253: 11249: 11239: 11237: 11194: 11190: 11155: 11151: 11136: 11132: 11122: 11120: 11111: 11110: 11106: 11099: 11075: 11038: 11029: 11022: 11009: 11000: 10981: 10977: 10967: 10965: 10946: 10937: 10927: 10925: 10890: 10873: 10854: 10845: 10836: 10832: 10817: 10813: 10776:Erasmus Studies 10768: 10753: 10746: 10724: 10720: 10701: 10686: 10681:Wayback Machine 10663:Wayback Machine 10653: 10649: 10639: 10637: 10623:Tracy, James D. 10620: 10616: 10612: 10607: 10606: 10601: 10599: 10595: 10590: 10586: 10573: 10569: 10559: 10555: 10542: 10538: 10532: 10528: 10519: 10515: 10509: 10505: 10500: 10496: 10464: 10460: 10448: 10444: 10427: 10423: 10413: 10409: 10404: 10402: 10398: 10393: 10389: 10383: 10379: 10370: 10366: 10334: 10330: 10325: 10321: 10316: 10312: 10302: 10300: 10296: 10290: 10279: 10270: 10266: 10249: 10245: 10239: 10235: 10226: 10222: 10201: 10197: 10173: 10169: 10141: 10137: 10127: 10125: 10121: 10114: 10105: 10101: 10061: 10057: 10048: 10044: 10035: 10031: 10020: 10018: 9995:10.2307/2707589 9974: 9970: 9961: 9957: 9944: 9940: 9933: 9898: 9894: 9885: 9881: 9813: 9809: 9798: 9776: 9772: 9766: 9762: 9752: 9750: 9722: 9718: 9708: 9706: 9691: 9688: 9686: 9682: 9672: 9670: 9658: 9654: 9649: 9645: 9629: 9625: 9603:sacrae litterae 9586: 9582: 9574: 9570: 9562: 9558: 9547: 9543: 9535: 9531: 9526: 9522: 9516:devotio moderna 9513: 9509: 9504: 9500: 9493: 9483:Wiley-Blackwell 9471:medieval church 9456: 9452: 9447: 9440: 9430: 9428: 9405:10.2307/2857071 9383: 9379: 9373: 9369: 9364: 9361: 9355: 9351: 9343: 9339: 9315:Reuchlin affair 9312: 9309:sceleratissimum 9294: 9290: 9276:Juan de Vergara 9264:Juan Luis Vives 9255: 9253: 9204: 9200: 9184: 9180: 9172: 9168: 9146: 9142: 9137: 9133: 9124: 9120: 9109: 9107: 9063: 9059: 9054: 9050: 9045: 9041: 9031: 9027: 9021: 9017: 9011: 9007: 8992: 8957: 8953: 8943: 8941: 8900: 8884: 8880: 8872:Judaizing. The 8859: 8855: 8845: 8843: 8830: 8829:'anti-semitic'. 8827: 8823: 8794: 8790: 8747: 8740: 8730: 8726: 8716: 8712: 8703: 8699: 8690: 8686: 8651:New Blackfriars 8642: 8638: 8628: 8624: 8596: 8592: 8574: 8570: 8554: 8550: 8541: 8537: 8532: 8528: 8518: 8514: 8509: 8505: 8500: 8496: 8491: 8487: 8466: 8462: 8449: 8445: 8439: 8435: 8427: 8423: 8413: 8409: 8400: 8396: 8391: 8387: 8381:Robert Estienne 8377:Sebastian Brant 8370: 8366: 8356: 8354: 8337: 8333: 8312: 8308: 8296: 8292: 8265: 8261: 8255: 8251: 8209: 8205: 8199: 8195: 8190: 8186: 8181: 8177: 8167: 8163: 8158: 8154: 8149: 8145: 8129: 8125: 8115:Wayback Machine 8105: 8101: 8077: 8073: 8063: 8059: 8054: 8050: 8044: 8040: 8027: 8023: 8009: 8002: 7997: 7993: 7987: 7959: 7955: 7937: 7920: 7918: 7914: 7909: 7900: 7883: 7879: 7873:devotio moderna 7869: 7850: 7846: 7840:devotio moderna 7824: 7820: 7811: 7807: 7797: 7795: 7779: 7775: 7766: 7762: 7732: 7728: 7723: 7719: 7714: 7705: 7698:, New York, US. 7673:Queens' College 7613:Erasmus Studies 7552: 7468: 7434: 7432:Representations 7339: 7258: 7216: 7211: 7202: 7199: 7184: 7178: 7159: 7153: 7124:Textus Receptus 7098: 7092: 7047: 7041: 7035: 7029: 7022: 6991: 6988: 6961: 6958: 6946: 6919: 6877: 6867: 6832: 6812: 6724: 6701: 6695: 6689: 6673: 6667: 6622: 6610: 6603: 6593:Aristoteleanism 6580: 6577: 6562: 6537: 6534: 6515: 6512: 6450: 6429: 6413:Albrecht Duerer 6366: 6360: 6355: 6349: 6346: 6321: 6315: 6309: 6296: 6290: 6225: 6219: 6213: 6207: 6204: 6124: 6105: 6027: 6021: 5995: 5980: 5973: 5934:edition of the 5912: 5907: 5905:Catholic reform 5871:sacramentarians 5855: 5823: 5821:Personal reform 5814: 5785: 5775: 5773: 5761: 5753: 5752: 5747: 5746: 5745: 5580: 5572: 5571: 5570: 5390: 5382: 5381: 5380: 5200: 5192: 5191: 5190: 5070: 5061: 5051: 5050: 4958: 4950: 4949: 4879: 4869: 4868: 4842:Social teaching 4797: 4787: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4724: 4715: 4699: 4654:Reuchlin affair 4640:John Chrysostom 4622:Juan Luis Vives 4616: 4577: 4564: 4558: 4551: 4495: 4492: 4451:Church teaching 4425: 4394:Beatus Rhenanus 4364:Just War theory 4317: 4311: 4294: 4291: 4240: 4237: 4217: 4142: 4118: 4106: 4052:Beatus Rhenanus 4010: 3990:Tower of London 3963:William Tyndale 3948:first biography 3938:and Brigittine 3859:Juan de Vergara 3824: 3763:the Whale House 3755:deus ex machina 3753:appears like a 3710: 3627:Beatus Rhenanus 3568: 3567: 3566: 3553: 3544: 3534:Wolfgang Capito 3510:Beatus Rhenanus 3502:Johannes Froben 3498: 3492: 3455:, showing King 3381:Richard Sampson 3346:Johann Reuchlin 3322: 3321: 3320: 3311: 3289: 3287:Richard Sampson 3251: 3245: 3208: 3205:Queens' College 3188:'s chancellor, 3148:Sir Thomas More 3126: 3046:Sacra Theologia 3010: 3009: 3008: 2983: 2970: 2956:Germain de Brie 2912: 2906: 2870: 2826: 2825: 2824: 2811: 2805: 2765: 2759: 2695: 2694: 2693: 2690: 2661: 2659:Polydore Vergil 2619:Juan Luis Vives 2591: 2585: 2573:Aristotelianism 2539: 2509:), networking ( 2462: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2426: 2415: 2404: 2397: 2385: 2374: 2367: 2355: 2343: 2336: 2329: 2322: 2315: 2304: 2292: 2291: 2284: 2283: 2274: 2267: 2260: 2253: 2246: 2226: 2219: 2212: 2191: 2184: 2177: 2166: 2154: 2153: 2146: 2145: 2136: 2129: 2122: 2121: 2114: 2113: 2096:Liège, Cologne 2091: 2084: 2077: 2070: 2059: 2048: 2041: 2034: 2027: 2006: 1999: 1978: 1971: 1964: 1957: 1950: 1943: 1922: 1915: 1908: 1887: 1886: 1879: 1878: 1869: 1862: 1855: 1848: 1828: 1827: 1820: 1819: 1810: 1803: 1792: 1780: 1773: 1753: 1746: 1735: 1724: 1717: 1697: 1677: 1670: 1663: 1644: 1637: 1617: 1593: 1592: 1584: 1579: 1578: 1577: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1552: 1547: 1546: 1541: 1540: 1535: 1534: 1529: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1473: 1471: 1470: 1469: 1464: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1412: 1411: 1410: 1405: 1404: 1403: 1398: 1397: 1396: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1332: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1235: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1184:Jacopo Sadoleto 1172:Juan de Vergara 1168: 1151:fervidos amores 1132: 1114:Chapter of Sion 1086: 1059:Devotio moderna 966:unwed parents. 924: 889: 887:Life and career 861:Catholic Church 780:Catholic priest 745:Catholic priest 723: 716: 712: 708: 676: 641: 637: 610:Catholic Church 574: 530:Wolfgang Capito 520:William Tyndale 483: 467:just war theory 436: 410:Julius Excluded 376: 325: 299: 268: 199: 124: 118: 114: 105: 95: 92: 81: 61: 58: 47: 41: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 27278: 27268: 27267: 27262: 27257: 27252: 27247: 27242: 27237: 27232: 27227: 27222: 27217: 27215:Paremiologists 27212: 27207: 27202: 27197: 27192: 27187: 27182: 27177: 27172: 27167: 27162: 27157: 27152: 27147: 27142: 27137: 27132: 27127: 27122: 27117: 27112: 27107: 27102: 27097: 27092: 27087: 27082: 27077: 27072: 27067: 27062: 27045: 27044: 27042: 27041: 27028: 27025: 27024: 27022: 27021: 27016: 27011: 27006: 27001: 26996: 26991: 26986: 26981: 26976: 26971: 26966: 26961: 26956: 26950: 26948: 26944: 26943: 26941: 26940: 26935: 26930: 26925: 26920: 26915: 26910: 26905: 26900: 26895: 26890: 26885: 26880: 26875: 26870: 26865: 26860: 26855: 26850: 26845: 26840: 26835: 26833:Henri de Lubac 26830: 26825: 26820: 26815: 26810: 26808:Gabriel Marcel 26805: 26800: 26795: 26790: 26788:Étienne Gilson 26785: 26780: 26775: 26770: 26765: 26759: 26757: 26753: 26752: 26750: 26749: 26744: 26739: 26737:George Tyrrell 26734: 26729: 26724: 26719: 26714: 26709: 26704: 26699: 26697:Émile Boutroux 26694: 26689: 26684: 26679: 26677:Giuseppe Pecci 26674: 26669: 26664: 26659: 26654: 26649: 26644: 26639: 26634: 26629: 26624: 26618: 26616: 26612: 26611: 26609: 26608: 26603: 26598: 26593: 26588: 26583: 26578: 26573: 26568: 26563: 26558: 26548: 26543: 26538: 26533: 26528: 26526:António Vieira 26523: 26518: 26516:René Descartes 26513: 26508: 26503: 26497: 26495: 26487:Baroque period 26485: 26482: 26481: 26479: 26478: 26473: 26468: 26463: 26458: 26451:Luis de Molina 26448: 26446:Peter Canisius 26443: 26438: 26433: 26428: 26426:Francis Xavier 26423: 26418: 26413: 26408: 26403: 26398: 26393: 26388: 26383: 26381:Thomas Cajetan 26378: 26372: 26370: 26361: 26358: 26357: 26355: 26354: 26349: 26344: 26339: 26334: 26329: 26324: 26319: 26314: 26312:Heinrich Seuse 26309: 26302: 26297: 26292: 26287: 26282: 26277: 26272: 26267: 26262: 26257: 26252: 26246: 26244: 26237: 26236: 26234: 26233: 26228: 26223: 26218: 26216:Thomas Aquinas 26213: 26211:Henry of Ghent 26208: 26203: 26198: 26193: 26188: 26183: 26178: 26173: 26168: 26163: 26158: 26156:Anselm of Laon 26153: 26148: 26143: 26138: 26133: 26128: 26123: 26118: 26113: 26108: 26102: 26100: 26094: 26093: 26091: 26090: 26085: 26080: 26078:Rabanus Maurus 26075: 26070: 26065: 26060: 26055: 26050: 26045: 26040: 26035: 26030: 26025: 26020: 26015: 26009: 26007: 26001: 26000: 25998: 25997: 25995:Pope Gregory I 25992: 25987: 25982: 25977: 25972: 25967: 25962: 25957: 25952: 25947: 25942: 25937: 25932: 25927: 25922: 25917: 25912: 25907: 25902: 25897: 25892: 25887: 25882: 25876: 25874: 25871:Pope Gregory I 25864: 25861: 25860: 25858: 25857: 25852: 25847: 25842: 25837: 25832: 25827: 25820: 25815: 25810: 25803: 25796: 25791: 25786: 25779: 25774: 25769: 25763: 25761: 25755: 25754: 25752: 25751: 25746: 25745: 25744: 25742:Biblical canon 25739: 25732:Catholic Bible 25729: 25724: 25723: 25722: 25712: 25711: 25710: 25699: 25697: 25693: 25692: 25687: 25684: 25683: 25676: 25675: 25668: 25661: 25653: 25644: 25643: 25641: 25640: 25628: 25615: 25612: 25611: 25609: 25608: 25603: 25598: 25593: 25588: 25583: 25578: 25573: 25568: 25563: 25557: 25555: 25551: 25550: 25548: 25547: 25542: 25537: 25532: 25531: 25530: 25525: 25515: 25510: 25505: 25500: 25495: 25490: 25485: 25480: 25475: 25473:Pascal's wager 25470: 25465: 25460: 25455: 25450: 25445: 25440: 25435: 25433:Guardian angel 25430: 25425: 25420: 25415: 25410: 25405: 25400: 25395: 25390: 25385: 25380: 25375: 25370: 25365: 25360: 25354: 25352: 25348: 25347: 25345: 25344: 25339: 25334: 25329: 25324: 25319: 25314: 25309: 25304: 25299: 25294: 25289: 25284: 25279: 25274: 25269: 25264: 25259: 25254: 25249: 25244: 25239: 25234: 25229: 25224: 25219: 25214: 25209: 25204: 25199: 25194: 25189: 25184: 25179: 25174: 25169: 25164: 25159: 25154: 25149: 25144: 25139: 25133: 25131: 25125: 25124: 25121: 25120: 25118: 25117: 25112: 25107: 25101: 25099: 25095: 25094: 25092: 25091: 25086: 25081: 25076: 25071: 25065: 25063: 25057: 25056: 25054: 25053: 25048: 25043: 25038: 25033: 25028: 25022: 25020: 25014: 25013: 25011: 25010: 25005: 25000: 24995: 24990: 24988:Augustinianism 24984: 24982: 24973: 24969: 24968: 24949: 24947: 24945: 24944: 24939: 24934: 24929: 24924: 24919: 24914: 24909: 24904: 24899: 24897:Divine command 24894: 24888: 24886: 24880: 24879: 24872: 24871: 24864: 24857: 24849: 24840: 24839: 24837: 24836: 24830: 24827: 24826: 24824: 24823: 24818: 24813: 24811:Social science 24808: 24803: 24798: 24793: 24788: 24783: 24778: 24773: 24768: 24763: 24758: 24753: 24748: 24743: 24737: 24735: 24731: 24730: 24728: 24727: 24717: 24707: 24701:Gender Trouble 24697: 24687: 24677: 24667: 24657: 24647: 24637: 24631:The Second Sex 24627: 24617: 24607: 24597: 24587: 24577: 24566: 24564: 24560: 24559: 24556: 24555: 24553: 24552: 24547: 24542: 24537: 24532: 24527: 24522: 24517: 24512: 24507: 24502: 24497: 24492: 24487: 24482: 24477: 24472: 24467: 24462: 24457: 24452: 24447: 24442: 24437: 24432: 24427: 24422: 24417: 24412: 24407: 24402: 24397: 24392: 24387: 24382: 24377: 24372: 24367: 24362: 24357: 24352: 24347: 24342: 24337: 24332: 24327: 24322: 24317: 24312: 24307: 24302: 24297: 24292: 24287: 24282: 24277: 24272: 24267: 24262: 24257: 24252: 24247: 24242: 24236: 24234: 24228: 24227: 24225: 24224: 24219: 24214: 24209: 24204: 24199: 24194: 24189: 24184: 24179: 24174: 24169: 24164: 24159: 24154: 24149: 24144: 24139: 24134: 24129: 24124: 24119: 24114: 24109: 24104: 24099: 24094: 24089: 24084: 24079: 24074: 24069: 24064: 24059: 24054: 24049: 24044: 24039: 24034: 24028: 24026: 24020: 24019: 24017: 24016: 24011: 24006: 24001: 23996: 23991: 23986: 23981: 23975: 23973: 23969: 23968: 23966: 23965: 23960: 23955: 23950: 23945: 23940: 23935: 23930: 23925: 23920: 23915: 23910: 23904: 23902: 23898: 23897: 23895: 23894: 23889: 23884: 23879: 23874: 23869: 23864: 23859: 23854: 23849: 23844: 23839: 23834: 23829: 23824: 23818: 23816: 23809: 23805: 23804: 23802: 23801: 23796: 23791: 23790: 23789: 23779: 23774: 23769: 23768: 23767: 23757: 23751: 23749: 23745: 23744: 23742: 23741: 23736: 23727: 23726: 23725: 23715: 23710: 23705: 23700: 23695: 23690: 23681: 23676: 23667: 23662: 23657: 23652: 23647: 23646: 23645: 23635: 23630: 23625: 23623:Invisible hand 23620: 23615: 23610: 23609: 23608: 23598: 23593: 23588: 23583: 23578: 23577: 23576: 23566: 23565: 23564: 23559: 23554: 23544: 23539: 23534: 23529: 23524: 23519: 23513: 23511: 23507: 23506: 23499: 23498: 23491: 23484: 23476: 23467: 23466: 23464: 23463: 23453: 23442: 23439: 23438: 23436: 23435: 23428: 23423: 23418: 23413: 23408: 23403: 23398: 23393: 23388: 23383: 23377: 23375: 23374:Related topics 23371: 23370: 23367: 23366: 23364: 23363: 23357: 23356: 23351: 23346: 23341: 23336: 23334:Daniel Dennett 23331: 23326: 23324:Ravi Zacharias 23321: 23316: 23311: 23306: 23301: 23296: 23291: 23289:William L Rowe 23285: 23283: 23275: 23274: 23272: 23271: 23266: 23264:William Alston 23261: 23256: 23251: 23246: 23241: 23236: 23231: 23226: 23220: 23219: 23214: 23212:Gabriel Marcel 23209: 23204: 23199: 23194: 23189: 23184: 23179: 23174: 23168: 23166: 23160: 23159: 23157: 23156: 23151: 23149:Ernst Cassirer 23146: 23141: 23136: 23131: 23126: 23121: 23115: 23114: 23109: 23104: 23099: 23094: 23088: 23086: 23080: 23079: 23077: 23076: 23071: 23066: 23061: 23056: 23051: 23046: 23044:Thomas Carlyle 23040: 23039: 23034: 23029: 23023: 23021: 23015: 23014: 23012: 23011: 23006: 23001: 22996: 22991: 22986: 22981: 22976: 22971: 22969:Baruch Spinoza 22966: 22961: 22956: 22954:René Descartes 22951: 22945: 22943: 22937: 22936: 22934: 22933: 22928: 22926:Thomas Aquinas 22923: 22918: 22913: 22908: 22903: 22898: 22893: 22888: 22883: 22878: 22873: 22868: 22863: 22857: 22855: 22841: 22832: 22829: 22828: 22826: 22825: 22820: 22815: 22810: 22805: 22800: 22795: 22789: 22787: 22781: 22780: 22778: 22777: 22772: 22767: 22762: 22757: 22751: 22749: 22743: 22742: 22740: 22739: 22732: 22727: 22722: 22717: 22712: 22707: 22702: 22697: 22695:Possibilianism 22692: 22687: 22682: 22677: 22672: 22667: 22662: 22657: 22652: 22651: 22650: 22645: 22640: 22630: 22625: 22620: 22615: 22610: 22605: 22604: 22603: 22598: 22593: 22583: 22578: 22573: 22571:Fundamentalism 22568: 22563: 22562: 22561: 22556: 22546: 22545: 22544: 22539: 22532:Existentialism 22529: 22524: 22519: 22514: 22509: 22504: 22499: 22494: 22489: 22484: 22479: 22474: 22469: 22463: 22461: 22455: 22454: 22451: 22450: 22448: 22447: 22442: 22437: 22432: 22427: 22425:Noncognitivism 22422: 22417: 22412: 22407: 22402: 22397: 22392: 22386: 22384: 22380: 22379: 22377: 22376: 22374:Transcendental 22371: 22370: 22369: 22364: 22354: 22349: 22344: 22342:Pascal's wager 22339: 22334: 22329: 22324: 22319: 22314: 22309: 22304: 22299: 22294: 22293: 22292: 22287: 22277: 22272: 22270:Christological 22267: 22261: 22259: 22252: 22246: 22245: 22242: 22241: 22239: 22238: 22233: 22228: 22223: 22218: 22213: 22208: 22203: 22198: 22193: 22188: 22182: 22180: 22176: 22175: 22173: 22172: 22167: 22162: 22157: 22152: 22147: 22142: 22137: 22132: 22127: 22122: 22116: 22110: 22104: 22103: 22101: 22100: 22095: 22090: 22085: 22080: 22075: 22070: 22065: 22064: 22063: 22052: 22047: 22041: 22039: 22035: 22034: 22027: 22026: 22019: 22012: 22004: 21995: 21994: 21992: 21991: 21984: 21978: 21976: 21972: 21971: 21969: 21968: 21962: 21955: 21953: 21947: 21946: 21944: 21943: 21935: 21927: 21919: 21911: 21903: 21895: 21887: 21879: 21870: 21868: 21861: 21860: 21858: 21857: 21852: 21847: 21842: 21837: 21832: 21827: 21822: 21817: 21812: 21806: 21804: 21800: 21799: 21797: 21796: 21791: 21786: 21781: 21776: 21771: 21766: 21761: 21756: 21751: 21746: 21741: 21736: 21731: 21726: 21721: 21713: 21705: 21697: 21690: 21688: 21684: 21683: 21681: 21680: 21678:(1537 edition) 21672: 21667: 21662: 21661: 21660: 21655: 21645: 21644: 21643: 21638: 21636:Law and Gospel 21633: 21627: 21622: 21619:Sola scriptura 21615: 21608: 21603: 21593: 21591:Luther's canon 21588: 21583: 21578: 21570: 21565: 21561:Exsurge Domine 21557: 21552: 21547: 21542: 21536: 21534: 21528: 21527: 21524: 21523: 21521: 21520: 21513: 21506: 21498: 21490: 21483: 21481: 21472: 21471: 21466: 21457: 21449: 21441: 21433: 21427: 21419: 21411: 21403: 21395: 21387: 21383:Deutsche Messe 21379: 21371: 21363: 21355: 21351:Formula missae 21347: 21339: 21331: 21323: 21315: 21307: 21299: 21291: 21282: 21280: 21276: 21275: 21273: 21272: 21267: 21261: 21258: 21257: 21250: 21249: 21242: 21235: 21227: 21218: 21217: 21215: 21214: 21203: 21200: 21199: 21197: 21196: 21195: 21194: 21184: 21175: 21173: 21172:Related topics 21169: 21168: 21166: 21165: 21157: 21151: 21142: 21140: 21136: 21135: 21128: 21126: 21124: 21123: 21115: 21107: 21099: 21091: 21083: 21075: 21067: 21059: 21051: 21043: 21035: 21026: 21024: 21023:Original works 21020: 21019: 21017: 21016: 21010: 21007: 21006: 20999: 20998: 20991: 20984: 20976: 20969: 20968: 20956: 20944: 20924: 20923: 20906: 20892: 20874: 20857: 20854: 20853: 20852: 20843: 20833: 20823: 20817: 20810: 20807: 20806: 20805: 20796: 20787: 20778: 20764: 20758:entry in the 20749: 20748: 20743: 20738: 20732: 20728: 20725: 20724: 20719: 20714: 20708: 20707: 20696: 20695: 20693: 20692:External links 20690: 20689: 20688: 20653:(1): 246–251. 20638: 20632: 20620: 20617: 20616: 20615: 20608: 20594: 20587: 20586: 20585: 20567: 20564: 20562: 20561: 20554: 20547: 20540: 20533: 20526: 20517: 20508: 20499: 20492: 20485: 20478: 20471: 20466:, Ron (2017). 20461: 20454: 20448: 20433: 20431: 20428: 20426: 20425: 20415: 20403: 20397: 20384: 20375: 20363: 20362: 20361: 20353:, and also in 20335: 20329: 20311: 20297: 20275: 20269: 20256: 20249: 20243: 20230: 20229:Reaktion Books 20223: 20217: 20203: 20201: 20198: 20196: 20193: 20191: 20190: 20164:(1): 122–139. 20144: 20131: 20113: 20095: 20081: 20056: 20038: 20020: 20002: 19984: 19966: 19947: 19922: 19896: 19870: 19861: 19836: 19819: 19791: 19762:10.2307/750613 19733: 19702: 19687: 19667: 19664: 19663: 19650: 19628: 19621: 19607: 19596: 19578: 19559:(6): 803–805. 19543: 19504: 19475:(7): 517–521. 19455: 19448: 19422: 19417:10.1086/670414 19411:(1): 180–181. 19394: 19359:(2): 161–172. 19339: 19312:(4): 526–544. 19292: 19273:(2): 113–154. 19253: 19240: 19193: 19162: 19143: 19120: 19101:(3): 484–506. 19085: 19078: 19052: 19013:(4): 595–635. 18993: 18980: 18946: 18928: 18890: 18859: 18810: 18778: 18755: 18727: 18716:(3): 268–284. 18696: 18681: 18662: 18655: 18629: 18598: 18591: 18571: 18554: 18535:(1): 107–113. 18519: 18488:(3): 377–403. 18465: 18429: 18402: 18372: 18345:(4): 411–430. 18325: 18318: 18289: 18272: 18265: 18247: 18230:UC Law Journal 18213: 18200: 18195:j.ctt19rmcgd.7 18185: 18155: 18148: 18131: 18111: 18096: 18074: 18055: 18040: 18010: 17991: 17954: 17923: 17896: 17865: 17806: 17799: 17766: 17735: 17705: 17676: 17649: 17638:(2): 113–136. 17622: 17595: 17572: 17537: 17507: 17488:(2): 109–125. 17472: 17461:(2): 229–231. 17444: 17437: 17411: 17404: 17378: 17350: 17307: 17300: 17275: 17268: 17242: 17227: 17206: 17190: 17183: 17163: 17143: 17126: 17113: 17087: 17067: 17036: 17009: 17002: 16981: 16954: 16921: 16891: 16882: 16835:(4): 459–469. 16829:Church History 16815: 16799: 16764:(2): 183–200. 16758:Church History 16744: 16735: 16716: 16693: 16670: 16633: 16618: 16611: 16593: 16562: 16543: 16504: 16497: 16471: 16457: 16442: 16416: 16397:(4): 694–696. 16381: 16348: 16316: 16301: 16286: 16239:(2): 304–308. 16219: 16196: 16189: 16163: 16137: 16109: 16064:(1): 113–136. 16041: 16022: 15997: 15974: 15943: 15924: 15881: 15866: 15848: 15823: 15803: 15763: 15732: 15715: 15701: 15681: 15630: 15599: 15592: 15566: 15545: 15540:j.ctv9b2ww5.11 15530: 15524:. 1517 Media. 15510: 15484: 15453: 15399: 15368: 15337: 15324: 15317: 15291: 15252: 15245: 15216: 15165: 15142: 15123:(7): 320–329. 15104: 15097: 15060: 15014: 14986: 14940: 14879: 14872: 14854: 14827: 14776: 14741: 14735: 14717: 14665: 14656: 14626: 14596: 14573: 14554: 14524: 14487: 14480: 14451: 14433: 14401: 14373: 14340:10.2307/470220 14334:(2): 243–251. 14314: 14282: 14267: 14241: 14228: 14221: 14201: 14186: 14155: 14140: 14113: 14110: 14109: 14086: 14061: 14054: 14047: 14019: 14000:(5): 556–568. 13973: 13942: 13898: 13883: 13876: 13846: 13804: 13774: 13767: 13741: 13706: 13693: 13686: 13662: 13616: 13590: 13523: 13516: 13483: 13465: 13451: 13426: 13419: 13389: 13338: 13299: 13267: 13240: 13181: 13151: 13148: 13147: 13114: 13069: 13057: 13050: 13020: 13011: 12993: 12962: 12928: 12899: 12869: 12863:978-1442648784 12862: 12844: 12814: 12793:Pattison, Mark 12784: 12767: 12755: 12746: 12737: 12706: 12687: 12667: 12660: 12640: 12633: 12603: 12573: 12554:(1): 141–148. 12533: 12474: 12467: 12449: 12414: 12395:(7): 517–526. 12375: 12356: 12333: 12274: 12259: 12241: 12188: 12147:(2): 200–229. 12127: 12105: 12082: 12050: 12043: 12025: 11995: 11988: 11970: 11919: 11884: 11877: 11857: 11828: 11818: 11798: 11768: 11733: 11726: 11708: 11689: 11669: 11653: 11640: 11617: 11610: 11592: 11560: 11521: 11489: 11462:(4): 437–443. 11437: 11431: 11408: 11389: 11380: 11349: 11335: 11313: 11290: 11284:Peter Nissen: 11277: 11247: 11208:(3): 332–349. 11188: 11149: 11130: 11104: 11097: 11036: 11020: 10998: 10975: 10935: 10871: 10843: 10830: 10823:(in Italian). 10811: 10782:(2): 184–216. 10751: 10744: 10718: 10684: 10647: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10605: 10604: 10593: 10584: 10567: 10553: 10536: 10526: 10513: 10503: 10494: 10469:Theology Today 10458: 10442: 10421: 10407: 10396: 10387: 10377: 10364: 10328: 10319: 10310: 10288: 10264: 10243: 10233: 10229:scopus christi 10220: 10195: 10167: 10135: 10099: 10073:Theology Today 10055: 10042: 10029: 9989:(4): 387–411. 9968: 9955: 9938: 9931: 9892: 9879: 9820:Thomas Aquinas 9807: 9800:. p. 92: 9796: 9770: 9760: 9716: 9680: 9652: 9643: 9623: 9595:sound learning 9580: 9568: 9556: 9541: 9529: 9520: 9507: 9498: 9491: 9485:. p. 60. 9450: 9438: 9377: 9367: 9349: 9337: 9311:) Christian." 9288: 9224:(2): 113–154. 9198: 9178: 9166: 9140: 9131: 9118: 9057: 9048: 9039: 9025: 9015: 9005: 8990: 8951: 8928:(4): 547–556. 8878: 8853: 8821: 8788: 8738: 8724: 8710: 8697: 8684: 8636: 8632:State of Grace 8622: 8590: 8578:Johan Huizinga 8568: 8548: 8535: 8526: 8512: 8503: 8494: 8485: 8460: 8443: 8433: 8407: 8403:Thomas Cajetan 8394: 8385: 8364: 8331: 8306: 8290: 8259: 8249: 8203: 8193: 8184: 8175: 8161: 8152: 8143: 8123: 8099: 8071: 8057: 8048: 8038: 8034:Pope Damasus I 8021: 8012:Andrea Ammonio 8000: 7991: 7985: 7953: 7912: 7877: 7844: 7818: 7805: 7773: 7760: 7740:, given after 7738:baptismal name 7726: 7716: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7699: 7680: 7670: 7667:Erasmus Bridge 7663: 7644: 7637: 7636: 7635: 7629: 7616: 7609: 7602: 7591: 7590: 7589: 7586:Erasmus Mundus 7582: 7575: 7565:European Union 7551: 7548: 7547: 7546: 7530: 7527: 7524: 7508: 7505:Quentin Matsys 7502: 7486:Albrecht Dürer 7483: 7480:William Warham 7442:Albrecht Dürer 7433: 7430: 7375:Quentin Matsys 7338: 7335: 7257: 7254: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7197: 7176: 7155:Main article: 7152: 7149: 7120:Church Fathers 7112: 7111: 7107: 7106: 7094:Main article: 7091: 7088: 7037:Main article: 7034: 7031: 7020: 6986: 6970:biblical texts 6956: 6945: 6942: 6918: 6915: 6865: 6831: 6830:Scopus christi 6828: 6811: 6808: 6800:Pope Adrian VI 6723: 6720: 6709:scopus christi 6700: 6697: 6687: 6665: 6621: 6616: 6601: 6575: 6561: 6558: 6532: 6510: 6449: 6446: 6428: 6425: 6421:Peter Canisius 6405: 6404: 6395: 6386: 6365: 6362: 6353: 6320: 6317: 6307: 6288: 6215:Main article: 6212: 6209: 6205:"On Free Will" 6202: 6167:bonae litterae 6123: 6120: 6104: 6101: 6019: 5994: 5991: 5971: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5854: 5851: 5822: 5819: 5816: 5815: 5813: 5812: 5805: 5798: 5790: 5787: 5786: 5784: 5783: 5771: 5758: 5755: 5754: 5749: 5748: 5744: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5582: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5574: 5573: 5569: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5392: 5391: 5388: 5387: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5202: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5189: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5072: 5071: 5068: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5049: 5048: 5047: 5046: 5041: 5031: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5019: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4993: 4992: 4990:Friends of God 4982: 4977: 4972: 4971: 4970: 4963:Augustinianism 4959: 4956: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4948: 4947: 4942: 4941: 4940: 4935: 4928:Predestination 4925: 4920: 4915: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4880: 4875: 4874: 4871: 4870: 4867: 4866: 4864:Works of mercy 4861: 4856: 4851: 4850: 4849: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4798: 4793: 4792: 4789: 4788: 4775: 4751: 4750: 4744: 4743: 4735: 4734: 4723: 4720: 4714: 4711: 4698: 4695: 4628:Shimon Markish 4615: 4612: 4601:half-Christian 4589:Western Europe 4585:Ottoman Empire 4576: 4573: 4563: 4560: 4549: 4490: 4424: 4421: 4356:correspondence 4310: 4307: 4289: 4251:and religious 4235: 4216: 4213: 4212: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4196: 4180: 4179: 4172: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4141: 4138: 4117: 4114: 4110:Johan Huizinga 4105: 4102: 4009: 4008:Death in Basel 4006: 3971:Juan de Valdés 3921:William Blount 3869:and published 3831:William Warham 3823: 3820: 3767:Damião de Góis 3739:Damião de Góis 3709: 3706: 3672:Pope Adrian VI 3659:Pope Adrian VI 3538:Damião de Góis 3526:Simon Grynaeus 3500: 3499: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3488: 3481:William Warham 3473:Guillaume Budé 3356:Quinten Matsys 3271:Albrecht Dürer 3253: 3252: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3213:Thomas Linacre 3160:Andrea Ammonio 3138:City of London 3125: 3122: 3106:Giulio Camillo 3091:Aldus Manutius 3061:Pope Julius II 3019:His discovery 2944:Janus Lascaris 2940:Marcus Musurus 2920:Giulio Camillo 2916:Aldus Manutius 2914: 2913: 2910:Italian circle 2908: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2869: 2866: 2790:Guillaume Budé 2767: 2766: 2761: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2721:church fathers 2672:William Warham 2668:William Blount 2643:Robert Aldrich 2615:Andrea Ammonio 2607:William Grocyn 2603:Thomas Linacre 2593: 2592: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2538: 2535: 2465: 2464: 2452: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2398: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2383: 2380: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2368: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2337: 2330: 2323: 2316: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2285: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2268: 2261: 2254: 2247: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2220: 2213: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2198: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2185: 2178: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2147: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2130: 2123: 2115: 2107: 2106: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2085: 2078: 2071: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2042: 2035: 2028: 2021: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2000: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1972: 1965: 1958: 1951: 1944: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1929: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1916: 1909: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1880: 1872: 1871: 1870: 1863: 1856: 1849: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1821: 1813: 1812: 1811: 1804: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1774: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1747: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1718: 1711: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1671: 1664: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1638: 1631: 1629: 1627: 1623: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1599: 1598: 1595: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1583: 1580: 1573: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1560: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1524: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1513: 1508: 1507: 1506: 1504: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1495: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1476: 1475: 1474: 1472: 1467: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1454: 1449: 1448: 1447: 1445: 1440: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1435: 1429: 1428: 1427: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1415: 1414: 1413: 1408: 1407: 1406: 1401: 1400: 1399: 1394: 1393: 1392: 1387: 1386: 1385: 1383: 1382: 1375: 1374: 1368: 1367: 1358: 1357: 1351: 1350: 1344: 1343: 1334: 1333: 1324: 1323: 1314: 1313: 1304: 1303: 1294: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1262:Pope Julius II 1208:Juan de Valdés 1192:Andrea Ammonio 1176:Guillaume Budé 1170: 1169: 1164: 1163: 1085: 1082: 1040:Damião de Gois 923: 920: 919: 918: 903: 899: 896: 888: 885: 800:Church Fathers 763:. Through his 753:educationalist 739:, was a Dutch 629: 628: 625: 624: 621: 620: 617: 613: 612: 607: 603: 602: 597: 593: 592: 588: 587: 584: 583: 580: 579: 576: 575: 573: 572: 570:Henri de Lubac 567: 562: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 535:Damião de Góis 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 491: 489: 485: 484: 482: 481: 474: 469: 463: 458: 450: 444: 442: 438: 437: 435: 434: 427: 420: 413: 406: 399: 392: 384: 382: 378: 377: 375: 374: 369: 364: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 337:Bonae litterae 333: 331: 330:Main interests 327: 326: 324: 323: 318: 313: 307: 305: 301: 300: 298: 297: 291: 289: 285: 284: 279: 275: 274: 270: 269: 267: 266: 264:Thomas Aquinas 261: 256: 251: 246: 244:Aldus Manutius 241: 236: 233: 228: 223: 218: 213: 207: 205: 201: 200: 198: 197: 187: 182: 176: 174: 170: 169: 165: 164: 161: 160: 155:Counsellor to 153: 149: 148: 138: 137:Known for 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 119: 117:(aged 69) 111: 107: 106: 96: 87: 83: 82: 71: 63: 62: 59: 54: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 27277: 27266: 27263: 27261: 27258: 27256: 27253: 27251: 27248: 27246: 27243: 27241: 27238: 27236: 27233: 27231: 27228: 27226: 27223: 27221: 27218: 27216: 27213: 27211: 27208: 27206: 27203: 27201: 27198: 27196: 27193: 27191: 27188: 27186: 27183: 27181: 27178: 27176: 27173: 27171: 27168: 27166: 27163: 27161: 27158: 27156: 27153: 27151: 27148: 27146: 27143: 27141: 27138: 27136: 27133: 27131: 27128: 27126: 27123: 27121: 27118: 27116: 27113: 27111: 27108: 27106: 27103: 27101: 27098: 27096: 27093: 27091: 27088: 27086: 27083: 27081: 27078: 27076: 27073: 27071: 27068: 27066: 27063: 27061: 27058: 27057: 27055: 27040: 27035: 27030: 27029: 27026: 27020: 27017: 27015: 27014:Aidan Nichols 27012: 27010: 27007: 27005: 27002: 27000: 26997: 26995: 26994:Michał Heller 26992: 26990: 26987: 26985: 26984:Walter Kasper 26982: 26980: 26977: 26975: 26972: 26970: 26967: 26965: 26962: 26960: 26957: 26955: 26952: 26951: 26949: 26945: 26939: 26936: 26934: 26931: 26929: 26926: 26924: 26921: 26919: 26916: 26914: 26913:Thomas Merton 26911: 26909: 26906: 26904: 26901: 26899: 26896: 26894: 26891: 26889: 26886: 26884: 26883:Jean Daniélou 26881: 26879: 26876: 26874: 26871: 26869: 26866: 26864: 26861: 26859: 26856: 26854: 26851: 26849: 26846: 26844: 26841: 26839: 26836: 26834: 26831: 26829: 26826: 26824: 26821: 26819: 26816: 26814: 26811: 26809: 26806: 26804: 26801: 26799: 26796: 26794: 26791: 26789: 26786: 26784: 26781: 26779: 26776: 26774: 26771: 26769: 26766: 26764: 26761: 26760: 26758: 26754: 26748: 26745: 26743: 26740: 26738: 26735: 26733: 26730: 26728: 26725: 26723: 26720: 26718: 26715: 26713: 26710: 26708: 26705: 26703: 26700: 26698: 26695: 26693: 26690: 26688: 26685: 26683: 26680: 26678: 26675: 26673: 26670: 26668: 26665: 26663: 26660: 26658: 26655: 26653: 26650: 26648: 26645: 26643: 26640: 26638: 26635: 26633: 26630: 26628: 26625: 26623: 26622:Joseph Görres 26620: 26619: 26617: 26613: 26607: 26606:Bruno Lanteri 26604: 26602: 26599: 26597: 26594: 26592: 26589: 26587: 26584: 26582: 26579: 26577: 26574: 26572: 26569: 26567: 26564: 26562: 26561:Blaise Pascal 26559: 26556: 26552: 26549: 26547: 26544: 26542: 26539: 26537: 26534: 26532: 26529: 26527: 26524: 26522: 26519: 26517: 26514: 26512: 26509: 26507: 26504: 26502: 26499: 26498: 26496: 26493: 26488: 26483: 26477: 26474: 26472: 26469: 26467: 26464: 26462: 26459: 26456: 26452: 26449: 26447: 26444: 26442: 26439: 26437: 26434: 26432: 26429: 26427: 26424: 26422: 26421:John of Ávila 26419: 26417: 26414: 26412: 26409: 26407: 26404: 26402: 26399: 26397: 26394: 26392: 26389: 26387: 26384: 26382: 26379: 26377: 26374: 26373: 26371: 26368: 26364: 26359: 26353: 26350: 26348: 26345: 26343: 26340: 26338: 26335: 26333: 26330: 26328: 26325: 26323: 26320: 26318: 26315: 26313: 26310: 26308: 26307: 26303: 26301: 26300:Walter Hilton 26298: 26296: 26293: 26291: 26288: 26286: 26283: 26281: 26278: 26276: 26273: 26271: 26270:Richard Rolle 26268: 26266: 26263: 26261: 26258: 26256: 26253: 26251: 26248: 26247: 26245: 26242: 26238: 26232: 26229: 26227: 26224: 26222: 26219: 26217: 26214: 26212: 26209: 26207: 26204: 26202: 26199: 26197: 26194: 26192: 26189: 26187: 26184: 26182: 26179: 26177: 26174: 26172: 26169: 26167: 26164: 26162: 26159: 26157: 26154: 26152: 26151:Peter Lombard 26149: 26147: 26144: 26142: 26139: 26137: 26136:Peter Abelard 26134: 26132: 26129: 26127: 26124: 26122: 26119: 26117: 26114: 26112: 26109: 26107: 26104: 26103: 26101: 26099: 26095: 26089: 26086: 26084: 26081: 26079: 26076: 26074: 26071: 26069: 26066: 26064: 26061: 26059: 26056: 26054: 26051: 26049: 26046: 26044: 26041: 26039: 26036: 26034: 26031: 26029: 26028:Monothelitism 26026: 26024: 26021: 26019: 26018:John Climacus 26016: 26014: 26011: 26010: 26008: 26006: 26002: 25996: 25993: 25991: 25988: 25986: 25983: 25981: 25978: 25976: 25973: 25971: 25968: 25966: 25963: 25961: 25958: 25956: 25953: 25951: 25948: 25946: 25943: 25941: 25938: 25936: 25933: 25931: 25928: 25926: 25923: 25921: 25918: 25916: 25913: 25911: 25908: 25906: 25905:Monophysitism 25903: 25901: 25898: 25896: 25893: 25891: 25888: 25886: 25883: 25881: 25878: 25877: 25875: 25872: 25867: 25862: 25856: 25853: 25851: 25848: 25846: 25843: 25841: 25838: 25836: 25833: 25831: 25828: 25826: 25825: 25821: 25819: 25818:Justin Martyr 25816: 25814: 25811: 25809: 25808: 25804: 25802: 25801: 25797: 25795: 25792: 25790: 25787: 25785: 25784: 25780: 25778: 25775: 25773: 25770: 25768: 25765: 25764: 25762: 25760: 25756: 25750: 25747: 25743: 25740: 25738: 25735: 25734: 25733: 25730: 25728: 25725: 25721: 25720:Papal primacy 25718: 25717: 25716: 25713: 25709: 25706: 25705: 25704: 25701: 25700: 25698: 25694: 25690: 25685: 25681: 25674: 25669: 25667: 25662: 25660: 25655: 25654: 25651: 25639: 25629: 25627: 25622: 25617: 25616: 25613: 25607: 25606:Phenomenology 25604: 25602: 25599: 25597: 25594: 25592: 25589: 25587: 25584: 25582: 25579: 25577: 25574: 25572: 25569: 25567: 25564: 25562: 25559: 25558: 25556: 25552: 25546: 25543: 25541: 25538: 25536: 25533: 25529: 25526: 25524: 25521: 25520: 25519: 25516: 25514: 25511: 25509: 25506: 25504: 25503:Rota Fortunae 25501: 25499: 25496: 25494: 25491: 25489: 25486: 25484: 25481: 25479: 25476: 25474: 25471: 25469: 25466: 25464: 25463:Occam's razor 25461: 25459: 25456: 25454: 25451: 25449: 25446: 25444: 25443:Head of a pin 25441: 25439: 25436: 25434: 25431: 25429: 25426: 25424: 25421: 25419: 25416: 25414: 25411: 25409: 25406: 25404: 25401: 25399: 25396: 25394: 25391: 25389: 25386: 25384: 25381: 25379: 25376: 25374: 25371: 25369: 25366: 25364: 25361: 25359: 25358:Actus Essendi 25356: 25355: 25353: 25349: 25343: 25340: 25338: 25335: 25333: 25330: 25328: 25325: 25323: 25320: 25318: 25315: 25313: 25310: 25308: 25305: 25303: 25300: 25298: 25295: 25293: 25290: 25288: 25285: 25283: 25280: 25278: 25275: 25273: 25270: 25268: 25265: 25263: 25260: 25258: 25255: 25253: 25250: 25248: 25245: 25243: 25240: 25238: 25235: 25233: 25230: 25228: 25225: 25223: 25220: 25218: 25215: 25213: 25210: 25208: 25205: 25203: 25200: 25198: 25195: 25193: 25192:Chateaubriand 25190: 25188: 25185: 25183: 25180: 25178: 25175: 25173: 25170: 25168: 25165: 25163: 25160: 25158: 25155: 25153: 25150: 25148: 25145: 25143: 25140: 25138: 25135: 25134: 25132: 25130: 25126: 25116: 25113: 25111: 25108: 25106: 25103: 25102: 25100: 25096: 25090: 25087: 25085: 25082: 25080: 25079:Conceptualism 25077: 25075: 25072: 25070: 25067: 25066: 25064: 25062: 25058: 25052: 25049: 25047: 25044: 25042: 25039: 25037: 25034: 25032: 25029: 25027: 25024: 25023: 25021: 25019: 25015: 25009: 25006: 25004: 25001: 24999: 24996: 24994: 24993:Scholasticism 24991: 24989: 24986: 24985: 24983: 24981: 24977: 24974: 24970: 24943: 24942:Virtue ethics 24940: 24938: 24935: 24933: 24930: 24928: 24927:Seven virtues 24925: 24923: 24920: 24918: 24915: 24913: 24910: 24908: 24905: 24903: 24900: 24898: 24895: 24893: 24890: 24889: 24887: 24885: 24881: 24877: 24870: 24865: 24863: 24858: 24856: 24851: 24850: 24847: 24835: 24832: 24831: 24828: 24822: 24819: 24817: 24816:Social theory 24814: 24812: 24809: 24807: 24804: 24802: 24799: 24797: 24794: 24792: 24789: 24787: 24784: 24782: 24779: 24777: 24774: 24772: 24769: 24767: 24764: 24762: 24759: 24757: 24754: 24752: 24749: 24747: 24744: 24742: 24739: 24738: 24736: 24732: 24723: 24722: 24718: 24713: 24712: 24708: 24703: 24702: 24698: 24693: 24692: 24688: 24683: 24682: 24678: 24673: 24672: 24668: 24663: 24662: 24658: 24653: 24652: 24648: 24643: 24642: 24638: 24633: 24632: 24628: 24623: 24622: 24618: 24613: 24612: 24608: 24603: 24602: 24598: 24593: 24592: 24588: 24583: 24582: 24578: 24573: 24572: 24568: 24567: 24565: 24561: 24551: 24548: 24546: 24543: 24541: 24538: 24536: 24533: 24531: 24528: 24526: 24523: 24521: 24518: 24516: 24513: 24511: 24508: 24506: 24503: 24501: 24498: 24496: 24493: 24491: 24488: 24486: 24483: 24481: 24478: 24476: 24473: 24471: 24470:Radhakrishnan 24468: 24466: 24463: 24461: 24458: 24456: 24453: 24451: 24448: 24446: 24443: 24441: 24438: 24436: 24433: 24431: 24428: 24426: 24423: 24421: 24418: 24416: 24413: 24411: 24408: 24406: 24403: 24401: 24398: 24396: 24393: 24391: 24388: 24386: 24383: 24381: 24378: 24376: 24373: 24371: 24368: 24366: 24363: 24361: 24358: 24356: 24353: 24351: 24348: 24346: 24343: 24341: 24338: 24336: 24333: 24331: 24328: 24326: 24323: 24321: 24318: 24316: 24313: 24311: 24308: 24306: 24303: 24301: 24298: 24296: 24293: 24291: 24288: 24286: 24283: 24281: 24278: 24276: 24273: 24271: 24268: 24266: 24263: 24261: 24258: 24256: 24253: 24251: 24248: 24246: 24243: 24241: 24238: 24237: 24235: 24231:20th and 21st 24229: 24223: 24220: 24218: 24215: 24213: 24210: 24208: 24205: 24203: 24200: 24198: 24195: 24193: 24190: 24188: 24185: 24183: 24180: 24178: 24175: 24173: 24170: 24168: 24165: 24163: 24160: 24158: 24155: 24153: 24150: 24148: 24145: 24143: 24140: 24138: 24135: 24133: 24130: 24128: 24125: 24123: 24120: 24118: 24115: 24113: 24110: 24108: 24105: 24103: 24100: 24098: 24095: 24093: 24090: 24088: 24085: 24083: 24080: 24078: 24075: 24073: 24070: 24068: 24065: 24063: 24060: 24058: 24055: 24053: 24050: 24048: 24045: 24043: 24040: 24038: 24035: 24033: 24030: 24029: 24027: 24023:18th and 19th 24021: 24015: 24012: 24010: 24007: 24005: 24002: 24000: 23997: 23995: 23992: 23990: 23987: 23985: 23982: 23980: 23977: 23976: 23974: 23970: 23964: 23961: 23959: 23956: 23954: 23951: 23949: 23946: 23944: 23941: 23939: 23936: 23934: 23931: 23929: 23926: 23924: 23921: 23919: 23916: 23914: 23911: 23909: 23906: 23905: 23903: 23899: 23893: 23890: 23888: 23885: 23883: 23880: 23878: 23875: 23873: 23870: 23868: 23865: 23863: 23860: 23858: 23855: 23853: 23850: 23848: 23845: 23843: 23840: 23838: 23835: 23833: 23830: 23828: 23825: 23823: 23820: 23819: 23817: 23813: 23810: 23806: 23800: 23797: 23795: 23792: 23788: 23785: 23784: 23783: 23780: 23778: 23775: 23773: 23770: 23766: 23763: 23762: 23761: 23758: 23756: 23753: 23752: 23750: 23746: 23740: 23737: 23734: 23733: 23728: 23724: 23721: 23720: 23719: 23716: 23714: 23711: 23709: 23706: 23704: 23701: 23699: 23696: 23694: 23691: 23688: 23687: 23682: 23680: 23677: 23674: 23673: 23668: 23666: 23663: 23661: 23658: 23656: 23653: 23651: 23648: 23644: 23641: 23640: 23639: 23636: 23634: 23631: 23629: 23626: 23624: 23621: 23619: 23616: 23614: 23611: 23607: 23604: 23603: 23602: 23599: 23597: 23594: 23592: 23589: 23587: 23584: 23582: 23579: 23575: 23572: 23571: 23570: 23567: 23563: 23560: 23558: 23555: 23553: 23550: 23549: 23548: 23545: 23543: 23540: 23538: 23535: 23533: 23530: 23528: 23525: 23523: 23520: 23518: 23515: 23514: 23512: 23508: 23504: 23497: 23492: 23490: 23485: 23483: 23478: 23477: 23474: 23462: 23454: 23452: 23448: 23444: 23443: 23440: 23434: 23433: 23429: 23427: 23424: 23422: 23419: 23417: 23414: 23412: 23409: 23407: 23404: 23402: 23399: 23397: 23394: 23392: 23389: 23387: 23384: 23382: 23379: 23378: 23376: 23372: 23362: 23359: 23358: 23355: 23352: 23350: 23347: 23345: 23342: 23340: 23337: 23335: 23332: 23330: 23327: 23325: 23322: 23320: 23317: 23315: 23312: 23310: 23307: 23305: 23304:Anthony Kenny 23302: 23300: 23297: 23295: 23292: 23290: 23287: 23286: 23284: 23276: 23270: 23267: 23265: 23262: 23260: 23257: 23255: 23252: 23250: 23247: 23245: 23242: 23240: 23237: 23235: 23232: 23230: 23229:Mircea Eliade 23227: 23225: 23222: 23221: 23218: 23215: 23213: 23210: 23208: 23205: 23203: 23200: 23198: 23195: 23193: 23190: 23188: 23185: 23183: 23180: 23178: 23175: 23173: 23170: 23169: 23167: 23161: 23155: 23152: 23150: 23147: 23145: 23142: 23140: 23137: 23135: 23132: 23130: 23127: 23125: 23122: 23120: 23117: 23116: 23113: 23112:William James 23110: 23108: 23105: 23103: 23100: 23098: 23095: 23093: 23092:Ernst Haeckel 23090: 23089: 23087: 23081: 23075: 23072: 23070: 23067: 23065: 23062: 23060: 23057: 23055: 23052: 23050: 23047: 23045: 23042: 23041: 23038: 23035: 23033: 23030: 23028: 23025: 23024: 23022: 23016: 23010: 23007: 23005: 23004:Immanuel Kant 23002: 23000: 22997: 22995: 22992: 22990: 22987: 22985: 22982: 22980: 22977: 22975: 22972: 22970: 22967: 22965: 22962: 22960: 22959:Blaise Pascal 22957: 22955: 22952: 22950: 22947: 22946: 22944: 22942: 22938: 22932: 22929: 22927: 22924: 22922: 22919: 22917: 22914: 22912: 22909: 22907: 22904: 22902: 22899: 22897: 22894: 22892: 22889: 22887: 22884: 22882: 22879: 22877: 22874: 22872: 22869: 22867: 22864: 22862: 22859: 22858: 22856: 22854: 22849: 22845: 22842: 22837: 22830: 22824: 22821: 22819: 22816: 22814: 22811: 22809: 22806: 22804: 22801: 22799: 22796: 22794: 22791: 22790: 22788: 22786: 22782: 22776: 22773: 22771: 22768: 22766: 22763: 22761: 22760:Language game 22758: 22756: 22753: 22752: 22750: 22748: 22744: 22738: 22737: 22733: 22731: 22728: 22726: 22723: 22721: 22718: 22716: 22713: 22711: 22708: 22706: 22703: 22701: 22698: 22696: 22693: 22691: 22688: 22686: 22683: 22681: 22678: 22676: 22673: 22671: 22668: 22666: 22663: 22661: 22658: 22656: 22653: 22649: 22646: 22644: 22641: 22639: 22636: 22635: 22634: 22631: 22629: 22626: 22624: 22621: 22619: 22616: 22614: 22611: 22609: 22606: 22602: 22599: 22597: 22594: 22592: 22589: 22588: 22587: 22584: 22582: 22579: 22577: 22574: 22572: 22569: 22567: 22564: 22560: 22557: 22555: 22552: 22551: 22550: 22547: 22543: 22540: 22538: 22535: 22534: 22533: 22530: 22528: 22525: 22523: 22520: 22518: 22515: 22513: 22510: 22508: 22505: 22503: 22500: 22498: 22495: 22493: 22490: 22488: 22485: 22483: 22480: 22478: 22475: 22473: 22470: 22468: 22465: 22464: 22462: 22460: 22456: 22446: 22443: 22441: 22438: 22436: 22433: 22431: 22430:Occam's razor 22428: 22426: 22423: 22421: 22418: 22416: 22413: 22411: 22408: 22406: 22403: 22401: 22398: 22396: 22393: 22391: 22388: 22387: 22385: 22381: 22375: 22372: 22368: 22365: 22363: 22360: 22359: 22358: 22355: 22353: 22350: 22348: 22345: 22343: 22340: 22338: 22335: 22333: 22330: 22328: 22325: 22323: 22320: 22318: 22315: 22313: 22310: 22308: 22305: 22303: 22300: 22298: 22295: 22291: 22288: 22286: 22283: 22282: 22281: 22278: 22276: 22275:Consciousness 22273: 22271: 22268: 22266: 22263: 22262: 22260: 22256: 22253: 22251: 22247: 22237: 22234: 22232: 22229: 22227: 22224: 22222: 22219: 22217: 22214: 22212: 22209: 22207: 22204: 22202: 22199: 22197: 22194: 22192: 22189: 22187: 22184: 22183: 22181: 22177: 22171: 22170:Unmoved mover 22168: 22166: 22165:Supreme Being 22163: 22161: 22158: 22156: 22153: 22151: 22148: 22146: 22143: 22141: 22138: 22136: 22133: 22131: 22128: 22126: 22123: 22121: 22118: 22117: 22114: 22111: 22109: 22105: 22099: 22096: 22094: 22091: 22089: 22086: 22084: 22081: 22079: 22076: 22074: 22071: 22069: 22066: 22062: 22058: 22057: 22056: 22053: 22051: 22048: 22046: 22043: 22042: 22040: 22036: 22032: 22025: 22020: 22018: 22013: 22011: 22006: 22005: 22002: 21990: 21989: 21985: 21983: 21980: 21979: 21977: 21973: 21966: 21963: 21960: 21957: 21956: 21954: 21952: 21948: 21942: 21940: 21936: 21934: 21932: 21928: 21926: 21924: 21920: 21918: 21916: 21912: 21910: 21908: 21904: 21902: 21900: 21896: 21894: 21892: 21891:Martin Luther 21888: 21886: 21884: 21880: 21878: 21876: 21875:Martin Luther 21872: 21871: 21869: 21866: 21862: 21856: 21853: 21851: 21848: 21846: 21843: 21841: 21838: 21836: 21833: 21831: 21828: 21826: 21823: 21821: 21818: 21816: 21813: 21811: 21808: 21807: 21805: 21801: 21795: 21792: 21790: 21787: 21785: 21782: 21780: 21777: 21775: 21772: 21770: 21767: 21765: 21762: 21760: 21757: 21755: 21752: 21750: 21747: 21745: 21742: 21740: 21737: 21735: 21732: 21730: 21727: 21725: 21722: 21717: 21714: 21709: 21706: 21701: 21698: 21692: 21691: 21689: 21685: 21679: 21677: 21673: 21671: 21668: 21666: 21663: 21659: 21656: 21654: 21651: 21650: 21649: 21646: 21642: 21639: 21637: 21634: 21631: 21628: 21626: 21623: 21621: 21620: 21616: 21614: 21613: 21609: 21607: 21604: 21602: 21599: 21598: 21597: 21594: 21592: 21589: 21587: 21584: 21582: 21579: 21577: 21575: 21571: 21569: 21566: 21564: 21562: 21558: 21556: 21553: 21551: 21548: 21546: 21543: 21541: 21538: 21537: 21535: 21529: 21518: 21514: 21511: 21507: 21504: 21503: 21499: 21496: 21495: 21491: 21488: 21485: 21484: 21482: 21480: 21479:List of hymns 21476: 21470: 21467: 21464: 21463: 21458: 21455: 21454: 21450: 21447: 21446: 21442: 21439: 21438: 21434: 21431: 21428: 21425: 21424: 21420: 21417: 21416: 21412: 21409: 21408: 21404: 21401: 21400: 21396: 21393: 21392: 21388: 21385: 21384: 21380: 21377: 21376: 21372: 21369: 21368: 21364: 21361: 21360: 21356: 21353: 21352: 21348: 21345: 21344: 21340: 21337: 21336: 21332: 21329: 21328: 21324: 21321: 21320: 21316: 21313: 21312: 21308: 21305: 21304: 21300: 21297: 21296: 21292: 21289: 21288: 21284: 21283: 21281: 21277: 21271: 21268: 21266: 21263: 21262: 21259: 21255: 21254:Martin Luther 21248: 21243: 21241: 21236: 21234: 21229: 21228: 21225: 21213: 21205: 21204: 21201: 21193: 21192:Erasmus Prize 21190: 21189: 21188: 21185: 21182: 21181: 21177: 21176: 21174: 21170: 21163: 21162: 21158: 21155: 21152: 21149: 21148: 21144: 21143: 21141: 21137: 21132: 21121: 21120: 21116: 21113: 21112: 21108: 21105: 21104: 21100: 21097: 21096: 21092: 21089: 21088: 21084: 21081: 21080: 21076: 21073: 21072: 21068: 21065: 21064: 21060: 21057: 21056: 21052: 21049: 21048: 21044: 21041: 21040: 21036: 21033: 21032: 21028: 21027: 21025: 21021: 21015: 21012: 21011: 21008: 21004: 20997: 20992: 20990: 20985: 20983: 20978: 20977: 20974: 20967: 20962: 20957: 20955: 20950: 20945: 20943: 20933: 20932: 20929: 20919: 20915: 20910: 20907: 20905: 20901: 20897: 20893: 20890: 20886: 20883:, and guests 20882: 20878: 20875: 20867: 20863: 20860: 20859: 20851: 20847: 20844: 20841: 20837: 20834: 20831: 20827: 20824: 20821: 20818: 20816: 20813: 20812: 20804: 20800: 20797: 20795: 20791: 20788: 20785: 20784: 20779: 20775: 20774: 20769: 20765: 20763: 20762: 20757: 20754: 20753: 20747: 20744: 20742: 20739: 20737: 20734: 20733: 20731: 20723: 20720: 20718: 20715: 20713: 20710: 20709: 20704: 20699: 20684: 20680: 20676: 20672: 20668: 20664: 20660: 20656: 20652: 20648: 20644: 20639: 20636: 20633: 20630: 20626: 20623: 20622: 20613: 20609: 20607: 20603: 20599: 20595: 20592: 20588: 20583: 20580: 20579: 20577: 20573: 20570: 20569: 20559: 20555: 20552: 20548: 20545: 20541: 20538: 20534: 20531: 20527: 20524: 20523: 20518: 20515: 20514: 20509: 20506: 20505: 20500: 20497: 20493: 20490: 20486: 20483: 20479: 20476: 20472: 20469: 20465: 20462: 20459: 20455: 20451: 20449:9780802085771 20445: 20441: 20440: 20435: 20434: 20423: 20419: 20416: 20413: 20412: 20407: 20404: 20400: 20398:9780826491558 20394: 20390: 20385: 20382: 20381: 20376: 20372: 20368: 20364: 20359: 20358: 20356: 20352: 20346: 20345: 20340: 20336: 20332: 20326: 20322: 20321: 20316: 20312: 20308: 20307: 20302: 20298: 20294: 20290: 20286: 20285: 20280: 20276: 20272: 20266: 20262: 20257: 20254: 20250: 20246: 20244:9781857926958 20240: 20236: 20231: 20228: 20224: 20220: 20214: 20210: 20205: 20204: 20179: 20175: 20171: 20167: 20163: 20159: 20155: 20148: 20141: 20135: 20127: 20123: 20117: 20109: 20105: 20099: 20091: 20085: 20069: 20063: 20061: 20052: 20048: 20042: 20034: 20030: 20024: 20016: 20012: 20006: 19998: 19994: 19988: 19980: 19976: 19970: 19962: 19958: 19951: 19936: 19932: 19926: 19910: 19906: 19900: 19885: 19881: 19874: 19865: 19850: 19846: 19840: 19832: 19831: 19823: 19807: 19806: 19801: 19795: 19787: 19783: 19779: 19775: 19771: 19767: 19763: 19759: 19755: 19751: 19747: 19740: 19738: 19721: 19720: 19715: 19709: 19707: 19698: 19691: 19683: 19676: 19674: 19672: 19660: 19656: 19651: 19647: 19643: 19639: 19638:EXARC Journal 19635: 19630: 19629: 19625: 19616: 19614: 19612: 19605: 19600: 19592: 19588: 19582: 19574: 19570: 19566: 19562: 19558: 19554: 19547: 19539: 19535: 19531: 19527: 19523: 19519: 19515: 19508: 19500: 19496: 19491: 19486: 19482: 19478: 19474: 19470: 19466: 19459: 19451: 19445: 19441: 19437: 19433: 19426: 19418: 19414: 19410: 19406: 19398: 19390: 19386: 19382: 19378: 19374: 19370: 19366: 19362: 19358: 19354: 19350: 19343: 19335: 19331: 19327: 19323: 19319: 19315: 19311: 19307: 19303: 19296: 19288: 19284: 19280: 19276: 19272: 19268: 19264: 19257: 19250: 19244: 19236: 19232: 19228: 19224: 19220: 19216: 19213:(1): 84–101. 19212: 19208: 19204: 19197: 19181: 19178:(145): 7, 8. 19177: 19173: 19166: 19159: 19155: 19154: 19150:Tello, Joan. 19147: 19139: 19135: 19131: 19124: 19116: 19112: 19108: 19104: 19100: 19096: 19089: 19081: 19079:9789004539686 19075: 19071: 19067: 19063: 19056: 19040: 19036: 19032: 19028: 19024: 19020: 19016: 19012: 19008: 19004: 18997: 18990: 18984: 18968: 18964: 18960: 18953: 18951: 18942: 18938: 18932: 18916: 18912: 18908: 18904: 18897: 18895: 18878: 18874: 18870: 18863: 18844: 18840: 18836: 18832: 18825: 18823: 18814: 18799: 18795: 18791: 18790: 18782: 18774: 18770: 18766: 18759: 18751: 18747: 18743: 18739: 18731: 18723: 18719: 18715: 18711: 18707: 18700: 18692: 18688: 18684: 18678: 18674: 18673: 18666: 18658: 18652: 18648: 18644: 18640: 18633: 18617: 18613: 18609: 18602: 18594: 18592:9780228014690 18588: 18584: 18583: 18575: 18567: 18566: 18558: 18550: 18546: 18542: 18538: 18534: 18530: 18523: 18507: 18503: 18499: 18495: 18491: 18487: 18483: 18479: 18472: 18470: 18461: 18457: 18453: 18449: 18442: 18440: 18438: 18436: 18434: 18425: 18421: 18417: 18413: 18406: 18398: 18394: 18390: 18383: 18381: 18379: 18377: 18368: 18364: 18360: 18356: 18352: 18348: 18344: 18340: 18336: 18329: 18321: 18315: 18311: 18307: 18303: 18302: 18293: 18285: 18284: 18276: 18268: 18262: 18258: 18251: 18243: 18239: 18235: 18231: 18227: 18220: 18218: 18210: 18204: 18196: 18192: 18188: 18186:9780813228013 18182: 18178: 18174: 18170: 18166: 18159: 18151: 18149:9780802092229 18145: 18141: 18135: 18124: 18123: 18115: 18107: 18103: 18099: 18097:9780802068064 18093: 18089: 18085: 18078: 18070: 18066: 18059: 18051: 18047: 18043: 18037: 18033: 18029: 18025: 18021: 18014: 18006: 18002: 17995: 17976: 17972: 17965: 17958: 17939: 17938: 17930: 17928: 17919: 17915: 17911: 17907: 17900: 17884: 17880: 17876: 17869: 17853: 17849: 17845: 17841: 17837: 17833: 17829: 17826:(1): 78–106. 17825: 17821: 17817: 17810: 17802: 17796: 17792: 17788: 17784: 17777: 17775: 17773: 17771: 17754: 17750: 17746: 17739: 17723: 17716: 17709: 17693: 17689: 17688: 17680: 17664: 17660: 17653: 17645: 17641: 17637: 17633: 17626: 17610: 17606: 17602: 17598: 17596:9781487500610 17592: 17588: 17587: 17579: 17577: 17568: 17564: 17560: 17556: 17552: 17548: 17541: 17525: 17518: 17511: 17503: 17499: 17495: 17491: 17487: 17483: 17476: 17468: 17464: 17460: 17456: 17448: 17440: 17438:9789004539686 17434: 17430: 17426: 17422: 17415: 17407: 17405:9789004255630 17401: 17397: 17393: 17389: 17382: 17376: 17374: 17368: 17364: 17361: 17360: 17354: 17338: 17334: 17330: 17326: 17322: 17318: 17311: 17303: 17297: 17293: 17292: 17284: 17282: 17280: 17271: 17265: 17261: 17257: 17253: 17252:Controversies 17246: 17240: 17237: 17231: 17225: 17222: 17218: 17215: 17210: 17203: 17199: 17198:Hyperaspistes 17194: 17186: 17184:90-04-12218-4 17180: 17176: 17175: 17167: 17160: 17156: 17152: 17147: 17140: 17136: 17130: 17123: 17117: 17102: 17098: 17091: 17080: 17079: 17071: 17055: 17051: 17047: 17040: 17032: 17028: 17024: 17016: 17014: 17005: 17003:0-8020-5976-7 16999: 16995: 16991: 16985: 16977: 16973: 16969: 16965: 16958: 16949: 16944: 16941:(1): 33–102. 16940: 16936: 16932: 16925: 16909: 16905: 16901: 16895: 16886: 16870: 16866: 16862: 16858: 16854: 16850: 16846: 16842: 16838: 16834: 16830: 16826: 16819: 16812: 16806: 16804: 16795: 16791: 16787: 16783: 16779: 16775: 16771: 16767: 16763: 16759: 16755: 16748: 16739: 16731: 16727: 16720: 16712: 16708: 16704: 16697: 16689: 16685: 16679: 16674: 16655: 16651: 16644: 16637: 16629: 16622: 16614: 16608: 16604: 16597: 16581: 16577: 16576:Image Journal 16573: 16566: 16550: 16546: 16544:9780521772242 16540: 16536: 16532: 16528: 16524: 16517: 16515: 16513: 16511: 16509: 16500: 16494: 16490: 16486: 16482: 16475: 16467: 16461: 16453: 16449: 16445: 16439: 16435: 16431: 16427: 16420: 16412: 16408: 16404: 16400: 16396: 16392: 16385: 16377: 16371: 16355: 16351: 16345: 16341: 16337: 16333: 16332: 16327: 16320: 16312: 16305: 16297: 16290: 16274: 16270: 16266: 16262: 16258: 16254: 16250: 16246: 16242: 16238: 16234: 16230: 16223: 16215: 16211: 16207: 16200: 16192: 16186: 16182: 16178: 16174: 16167: 16151: 16147: 16141: 16125: 16121: 16120: 16113: 16107: 16103: 16100: 16083: 16079: 16075: 16071: 16067: 16063: 16059: 16052: 16045: 16029: 16025: 16019: 16016:. CUA Press. 16015: 16014: 16006: 16004: 16002: 15993: 15989: 15985: 15978: 15962: 15958: 15954: 15947: 15939: 15935: 15928: 15912: 15908: 15904: 15900: 15896: 15892: 15885: 15878: 15877: 15870: 15862: 15858: 15852: 15836: 15835: 15827: 15821: 15820:0-271-02811-4 15817: 15813: 15810:Remer, Gary, 15807: 15791: 15787: 15783: 15779: 15772: 15770: 15768: 15751: 15747: 15743: 15736: 15728: 15727: 15719: 15704: 15698: 15694: 15693: 15685: 15669: 15665: 15661: 15657: 15653: 15649: 15645: 15641: 15634: 15618: 15614: 15610: 15603: 15595: 15589: 15585: 15581: 15577: 15570: 15555: 15549: 15541: 15537: 15533: 15527: 15523: 15522: 15514: 15499: 15495: 15488: 15472: 15468: 15464: 15457: 15441: 15437: 15433: 15429: 15425: 15421: 15417: 15413: 15406: 15404: 15387: 15383: 15379: 15372: 15356: 15352: 15348: 15341: 15334: 15328: 15320: 15318:9789004539686 15314: 15310: 15306: 15302: 15295: 15287: 15283: 15279: 15275: 15271: 15267: 15263: 15256: 15248: 15246:9781139017169 15242: 15238: 15234: 15230: 15223: 15221: 15204: 15200: 15196: 15192: 15188: 15184: 15180: 15176: 15169: 15161: 15157: 15153: 15146: 15138: 15134: 15130: 15126: 15122: 15118: 15111: 15109: 15100: 15094: 15090: 15086: 15082: 15078: 15071: 15069: 15067: 15065: 15049: 15045: 15041: 15037: 15033: 15029: 15025: 15018: 15010: 15006: 15002: 14998: 14990: 14975: 14971: 14967: 14963: 14959: 14955: 14951: 14944: 14928: 14924: 14920: 14916: 14912: 14908: 14904: 14900: 14894: 14892: 14886: 14884: 14875: 14869: 14865: 14858: 14850: 14846: 14842: 14838: 14831: 14815: 14811: 14807: 14803: 14799: 14795: 14791: 14787: 14780: 14764: 14760: 14756: 14752: 14745: 14738: 14736:9789004129849 14732: 14728: 14721: 14713: 14709: 14705: 14701: 14697: 14693: 14689: 14685: 14681: 14680: 14672: 14670: 14660: 14652: 14648: 14644: 14640: 14633: 14631: 14614: 14610: 14606: 14600: 14592: 14591: 14585: 14577: 14569: 14565: 14558: 14542: 14538: 14534: 14528: 14512: 14508: 14504: 14500: 14499: 14491: 14483: 14477: 14473: 14469: 14465: 14458: 14456: 14447: 14440: 14438: 14421: 14417: 14416: 14408: 14406: 14397: 14393: 14389: 14388: 14380: 14378: 14361: 14357: 14353: 14349: 14345: 14341: 14337: 14333: 14329: 14325: 14318: 14310: 14306: 14302: 14298: 14291: 14289: 14287: 14278: 14274: 14270: 14264: 14260: 14256: 14252: 14245: 14238: 14232: 14224: 14218: 14214: 14213: 14205: 14197: 14193: 14189: 14183: 14179: 14175: 14171: 14164: 14162: 14160: 14151: 14147: 14143: 14137: 14133: 14129: 14125: 14117: 14098: 14094: 14093: 14087: 14075: 14071: 14067: 14063: 14062: 14058: 14050: 14044: 14040: 14036: 14032: 14031: 14023: 14015: 14011: 14007: 14003: 13999: 13995: 13991: 13984: 13982: 13980: 13978: 13961: 13957: 13953: 13946: 13927: 13923: 13919: 13912: 13905: 13903: 13894: 13887: 13879: 13873: 13869: 13865: 13861: 13860:Controversies 13853: 13851: 13842: 13838: 13834: 13830: 13826: 13822: 13818: 13811: 13809: 13792: 13788: 13784: 13778: 13770: 13764: 13760: 13756: 13752: 13745: 13738: 13724: 13720: 13716: 13710: 13703: 13697: 13689: 13683: 13679: 13675: 13674: 13666: 13658: 13654: 13650: 13646: 13642: 13638: 13634: 13627: 13625: 13623: 13621: 13604: 13600: 13594: 13578: 13574: 13570: 13566: 13562: 13558: 13554: 13550: 13546: 13542: 13538: 13534: 13527: 13519: 13513: 13509: 13505: 13501: 13494: 13492: 13490: 13488: 13479: 13475: 13469: 13454: 13448: 13444: 13443: 13435: 13433: 13431: 13422: 13416: 13412: 13408: 13404: 13400: 13393: 13377: 13372: 13368: 13364: 13360: 13356: 13352: 13345: 13343: 13326: 13322: 13318: 13314: 13310: 13303: 13295: 13287: 13286: 13278: 13276: 13274: 13272: 13255: 13251: 13244: 13228: 13224: 13220: 13216: 13212: 13208: 13204: 13200: 13196: 13192: 13185: 13169: 13165: 13161: 13155: 13136: 13132: 13131:10.58079/td2u 13128: 13124: 13120: 13115: 13111: 13107: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13083: 13079: 13075: 13070: 13066: 13065: 13059: 13058: 13054: 13038: 13034: 13030: 13024: 13015: 13007: 13003: 12997: 12981: 12977: 12973: 12966: 12950: 12946: 12942: 12935: 12933: 12916: 12912: 12911: 12903: 12887: 12883: 12879: 12873: 12865: 12859: 12855: 12848: 12832: 12828: 12824: 12818: 12810: 12809: 12803: 12798: 12794: 12788: 12781: 12777: 12771: 12764: 12759: 12750: 12741: 12733: 12729: 12725: 12721: 12717: 12710: 12702: 12698: 12691: 12682: 12680: 12678: 12676: 12674: 12672: 12663: 12657: 12653: 12652: 12644: 12636: 12630: 12626: 12622: 12618: 12614: 12607: 12591: 12587: 12583: 12577: 12569: 12565: 12561: 12557: 12553: 12549: 12542: 12540: 12538: 12521: 12517: 12513: 12509: 12505: 12501: 12497: 12494:(93): 91–96. 12493: 12489: 12485: 12478: 12470: 12464: 12460: 12453: 12445: 12441: 12437: 12433: 12429: 12425: 12418: 12410: 12406: 12402: 12398: 12394: 12390: 12386: 12379: 12363: 12359: 12353: 12349: 12348: 12340: 12338: 12321: 12317: 12313: 12309: 12305: 12301: 12297: 12293: 12289: 12285: 12278: 12270: 12263: 12255: 12248: 12246: 12237: 12222: 12218: 12214: 12213: 12207: 12199: 12197: 12195: 12193: 12176: 12172: 12168: 12164: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12146: 12142: 12138: 12131: 12112: 12108: 12102: 12095: 12094: 12086: 12071: 12067: 12063: 12062: 12054: 12046: 12044:9798352124185 12040: 12036: 12029: 12013: 12009: 12005: 11999: 11991: 11985: 11981: 11974: 11958: 11954: 11950: 11946: 11942: 11938: 11934: 11930: 11923: 11915: 11911: 11907: 11903: 11900:(2): 95–105. 11899: 11895: 11888: 11880: 11874: 11870: 11869: 11861: 11852: 11847: 11843: 11839: 11832: 11826: 11821: 11815: 11811: 11810: 11802: 11786: 11782: 11778: 11772: 11756: 11752: 11748: 11744: 11737: 11729: 11723: 11719: 11712: 11696: 11692: 11690:9781442691773 11686: 11682: 11681: 11673: 11666: 11662: 11657: 11650: 11644: 11636: 11632: 11628: 11621: 11613: 11607: 11603: 11596: 11588: 11587: 11579: 11577: 11575: 11573: 11571: 11569: 11567: 11565: 11556: 11552: 11548: 11544: 11540: 11536: 11532: 11525: 11509: 11505: 11504: 11501: 11493: 11485: 11481: 11477: 11473: 11469: 11465: 11461: 11457: 11450: 11448: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11434: 11432:9780802028679 11428: 11424: 11423: 11415: 11413: 11405: 11401: 11396: 11394: 11384: 11368: 11364: 11360: 11353: 11344: 11342: 11340: 11320: 11316: 11310: 11303: 11302: 11294: 11287: 11281: 11265: 11261: 11257: 11251: 11235: 11231: 11227: 11223: 11219: 11215: 11211: 11207: 11203: 11199: 11192: 11184: 11180: 11176: 11172: 11169:(2): 88–101. 11168: 11164: 11160: 11153: 11146: 11145:Charles Reade 11142: 11141: 11134: 11118: 11114: 11108: 11100: 11094: 11090: 11086: 11082: 11081: 11073: 11071: 11069: 11067: 11065: 11063: 11061: 11059: 11057: 11055: 11053: 11051: 11049: 11047: 11045: 11043: 11041: 11033: 11027: 11025: 11016: 11015: 11007: 11005: 11003: 10994: 10990: 10986: 10979: 10963: 10959: 10955: 10951: 10944: 10942: 10940: 10923: 10919: 10915: 10911: 10907: 10903: 10899: 10895: 10888: 10886: 10884: 10882: 10880: 10878: 10876: 10867: 10863: 10859: 10852: 10850: 10848: 10840: 10834: 10826: 10822: 10815: 10807: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10789: 10785: 10781: 10777: 10773: 10766: 10764: 10762: 10760: 10758: 10756: 10747: 10741: 10737: 10733: 10729: 10722: 10714: 10710: 10706: 10699: 10697: 10695: 10693: 10691: 10689: 10682: 10678: 10675: 10671: 10670: 10664: 10660: 10657: 10651: 10635: 10631: 10627: 10624: 10618: 10614: 10597: 10588: 10581: 10577: 10571: 10563: 10557: 10550: 10546: 10540: 10530: 10523: 10517: 10507: 10498: 10490: 10486: 10482: 10478: 10474: 10470: 10462: 10455: 10451: 10446: 10439: 10435: 10431: 10425: 10417: 10411: 10400: 10391: 10381: 10374: 10368: 10360: 10356: 10352: 10348: 10345:(2): 82–101. 10344: 10340: 10332: 10323: 10314: 10295: 10291: 10285: 10278: 10277: 10268: 10261: 10257: 10253: 10247: 10237: 10230: 10224: 10217: 10213: 10209: 10205: 10199: 10191: 10187: 10183: 10177: 10176:John Wycliffe 10171: 10165: 10161: 10158:, it was not 10157: 10153: 10150:, it was not 10149: 10145: 10139: 10120: 10113: 10112: 10103: 10094: 10090: 10086: 10082: 10078: 10074: 10069: 10065: 10059: 10052: 10046: 10039: 10033: 10016: 10012: 10008: 10004: 10000: 9996: 9992: 9988: 9984: 9980: 9972: 9965: 9959: 9952: 9948: 9942: 9934: 9932:9789004539686 9928: 9924: 9920: 9916: 9908: 9902: 9896: 9889: 9883: 9875: 9871: 9867: 9863: 9857: 9856:Protestantism 9853: 9849: 9848:Greek Fathers 9845: 9844: 9839: 9838: 9833: 9829: 9825: 9821: 9817: 9816:scholasticism 9811: 9804: 9803:Christianity. 9799: 9797:9780521403085 9793: 9789: 9785: 9781: 9774: 9764: 9748: 9744: 9740: 9736: 9730: 9726: 9720: 9704: 9700: 9696: 9684: 9668: 9664: 9656: 9647: 9641: 9637: 9633: 9627: 9620: 9616: 9612: 9608: 9604: 9600: 9596: 9592: 9591: 9584: 9578: 9572: 9566: 9560: 9552: 9545: 9538: 9533: 9524: 9517: 9511: 9502: 9494: 9488: 9484: 9480: 9479: 9472: 9468: 9464: 9460: 9454: 9445: 9443: 9426: 9422: 9418: 9414: 9410: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9394: 9390: 9381: 9371: 9359: 9353: 9347: 9341: 9334: 9330: 9329: 9324: 9320: 9316: 9310: 9306: 9302: 9298: 9292: 9285: 9281: 9277: 9273: 9269: 9265: 9251: 9247: 9243: 9239: 9235: 9231: 9227: 9223: 9219: 9215: 9209: 9202: 9194: 9190: 9182: 9176: 9170: 9161: 9157: 9150: 9144: 9135: 9128: 9122: 9105: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9089: 9085: 9081: 9077: 9071: 9067: 9061: 9052: 9043: 9035: 9029: 9019: 9009: 9001: 8997: 8993: 8991:9781487510206 8987: 8983: 8979: 8975: 8969: 8965: 8961: 8955: 8939: 8935: 8931: 8927: 8923: 8919: 8913: 8912: 8908: 8904: 8897: 8891: 8889: 8882: 8875: 8871: 8867: 8863: 8857: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8825: 8818: 8814: 8810: 8806: 8802: 8798: 8792: 8783: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8765: 8761: 8758:(1): 87–109. 8757: 8753: 8745: 8743: 8735: 8728: 8721: 8714: 8707: 8701: 8694: 8688: 8680: 8676: 8672: 8668: 8664: 8660: 8656: 8652: 8648: 8640: 8633: 8626: 8618: 8614: 8610: 8606: 8600: 8594: 8587: 8583: 8579: 8572: 8565: 8561: 8558: 8552: 8545: 8539: 8530: 8522: 8516: 8507: 8498: 8489: 8482: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8464: 8457: 8453: 8452:Oecolampadius 8447: 8437: 8426: 8421: 8417: 8411: 8404: 8398: 8389: 8382: 8378: 8374: 8368: 8352: 8348: 8344: 8335: 8328: 8324: 8320: 8316: 8310: 8302: 8294: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8276: 8269: 8268:Henry Bullock 8263: 8253: 8243: 8239: 8235: 8231: 8227: 8223: 8219: 8213: 8212:Bernard André 8207: 8197: 8188: 8179: 8171: 8165: 8156: 8147: 8139: 8135: 8127: 8120: 8116: 8112: 8109: 8103: 8095: 8091: 8087: 8083: 8075: 8068: 8061: 8052: 8042: 8035: 8031: 8025: 8018: 8013: 8007: 8005: 7995: 7988: 7986:9780802028679 7982: 7978: 7977: 7969: 7968:progymnasmata 7963: 7957: 7948: 7944: 7934: 7930: 7926: 7916: 7908: 7904: 7898: 7894: 7890: 7887: 7881: 7874: 7867: 7863: 7859: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7841: 7837: 7836:Redemptorists 7833: 7829: 7822: 7815: 7809: 7793: 7789: 7785: 7777: 7770: 7764: 7756: 7755:Roterdamensis 7751: 7747: 7743: 7739: 7735: 7730: 7721: 7717: 7709: 7697: 7693: 7689: 7685: 7681: 7678: 7674: 7671: 7668: 7664: 7661: 7660:General Court 7657: 7653: 7649: 7645: 7642: 7638: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7624: 7623: 7621: 7617: 7614: 7610: 7607: 7603: 7600: 7596: 7595:Erasmus Prize 7592: 7587: 7584:The parallel 7583: 7580: 7576: 7573: 7570:The original 7569: 7568: 7566: 7562: 7558: 7555:The European 7554: 7553: 7545: 7544: 7539: 7538:David Starkey 7535: 7531: 7528: 7525: 7522: 7517: 7513: 7509: 7506: 7503: 7500: 7496: 7491: 7487: 7484: 7481: 7476: 7473: 7472: 7471: 7467: 7463: 7454: 7447: 7443: 7438: 7429: 7427: 7426: 7421: 7417: 7413: 7411: 7410:Concedo Nulli 7400: 7396: 7391: 7387: 7382: 7378: 7376: 7372: 7368: 7364: 7360: 7356: 7352: 7343: 7334: 7331: 7327: 7325: 7324: 7320: 7315: 7311: 7309: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7291: 7283: 7279: 7275: 7271: 7269: 7262: 7253: 7251: 7247: 7242: 7240: 7234: 7232: 7227: 7225: 7221: 7220:Quartan fever 7206: 7196: 7192: 7190: 7182: 7175: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7148: 7146: 7145: 7140: 7139: 7134: 7133: 7127: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7116:New Testament 7109: 7108: 7103: 7102: 7101: 7097: 7087: 7085: 7080: 7076: 7072: 7066: 7064: 7060: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7040: 7026: 7019: 7015: 7012: 7008: 7004: 7002: 6996: 6985: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6965: 6955: 6950: 6941: 6938: 6934: 6930: 6926: 6925: 6914: 6912: 6906: 6904: 6898: 6895: 6894:Lord's Prayer 6891: 6887: 6883: 6874: 6871: 6864: 6859: 6856: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6840: 6836: 6827: 6825: 6819: 6817: 6807: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6784: 6782: 6781:Pastoral Care 6778: 6773: 6771: 6767: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6748: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6731: 6729: 6722:Accommodation 6719: 6717: 6716:dulcification 6712: 6710: 6706: 6705:accommodation 6693: 6692:Anti-Barbieri 6686: 6681: 6678: 6671: 6664: 6659: 6657: 6653: 6648: 6646: 6645:Anti-Barbieri 6642: 6638: 6634: 6629: 6627: 6620: 6615: 6608: 6607: 6600: 6596: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6578:Lewis W Spitz 6574: 6566: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6531: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6509: 6504: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6489: 6487: 6483: 6479: 6475: 6471: 6467: 6463: 6459: 6455: 6445: 6443: 6433: 6424: 6422: 6416: 6414: 6410: 6402: 6399: 6396: 6393: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6381: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6373: 6370: 6358: 6352: 6341: 6337: 6332: 6330: 6326: 6312: 6311:Hyperaspistes 6306: 6301: 6293: 6292:Hyperaspistes 6287: 6285: 6278: 6275: 6274:Hyperaspistes 6270: 6268: 6267: 6261: 6259: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6243: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6224: 6218: 6201: 6197: 6195: 6194:accommodation 6189: 6185: 6180: 6178: 6173: 6169: 6168: 6160: 6158: 6157: 6151: 6147: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6132:Martin Luther 6130:Portraits of 6128: 6119: 6117: 6112: 6110: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6081: 6079: 6075: 6074:Saint Francis 6070: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6055: 6053: 6048: 6045: 6040: 6036: 6034: 6025: 6018: 6014: 6011: 6006: 6002: 6000: 5990: 5988: 5987: 5977: 5970: 5966: 5964: 5960: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5945: 5944:Protestantism 5942:, from which 5941: 5937: 5936:New Testament 5933: 5929: 5921: 5916: 5902: 5898: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5879: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5859: 5850: 5848: 5847: 5842: 5838: 5834: 5833: 5828: 5811: 5806: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5788: 5782: 5772: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5756: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5583: 5576: 5575: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5441:Chateaubriand 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5386: 5385: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5306:Gundissalinus 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5203: 5196: 5195: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5073: 5066: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5054: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5013: 5012:Scholasticism 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5002:Ressourcement 5000: 4998: 4995: 4991: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4969: 4966: 4965: 4964: 4961: 4960: 4954: 4953: 4946: 4943: 4939: 4938:Compatibilism 4936: 4934: 4931: 4930: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4884:Conceptualism 4882: 4881: 4878: 4873: 4872: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4859:Virtue ethics 4857: 4855: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4844: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4799: 4796: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4753: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4727: 4719: 4710: 4708: 4704: 4694: 4692: 4688: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4674: 4670: 4669:Martin Luther 4666: 4662: 4657: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4633: 4629: 4620: 4611: 4609: 4604: 4602: 4596: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4582: 4572: 4569: 4555: 4548: 4544: 4542: 4537: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4517: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4489: 4484: 4482: 4477: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4458: 4454: 4452: 4448: 4447:New Testament 4444: 4443: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4420: 4416: 4414: 4409: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4374: 4369: 4365: 4360: 4357: 4353: 4348: 4346: 4342: 4340: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4324: 4316: 4306: 4303: 4298: 4288: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4234: 4230: 4229: 4226: 4222: 4207: 4206: 4201: 4197: 4194: 4193: 4191: 4186: 4185: 4184: 4177: 4173: 4170: 4166: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4153: 4150: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4128: 4122: 4113: 4111: 4101: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4087: 4083: 4082:Basel Minster 4078: 4076: 4071: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4044: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4019: 4018:Basel Minster 4014: 4005: 4003: 3999: 3998:incommunicado 3995: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3959:Margaret Pole 3955: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3917:Pieter Gillis 3913: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3857: 3856: 3851: 3843: 3839: 3832: 3828: 3819: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3808: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3785: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3770: 3768: 3764: 3759: 3756: 3751: 3747: 3746:carbunculosis 3740: 3736: 3732: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3717: 3715: 3705: 3704:theologians. 3703: 3699: 3695: 3694:Jan de Bakker 3691: 3686: 3683: 3679: 3670: 3666: 3664: 3660: 3655: 3653: 3649: 3648: 3643: 3639: 3634: 3630: 3628: 3624: 3621:(rather than 3620: 3616: 3612: 3607: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3596:Johann Froben 3593: 3589: 3581: 3580:fr:Claude Luc 3577: 3572: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3548: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3497: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3445: 3443: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3396:New Testament 3392: 3390: 3386: 3385:vicar general 3382: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3369:Pieter Gillis 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3319: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3259:Pieter Gillis 3256: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3227: 3222: 3216: 3214: 3206: 3201: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3184:In 1511, the 3182: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3165: 3164:Austin Friars 3161: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3121: 3119: 3113: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3068: 3064: 3062: 3057: 3056: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3027:Lorenzo Valla 3024: 3023: 3017: 3015: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2911: 2901: 2899: 2893: 2891: 2883: 2879: 2874: 2865: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2849: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2823: 2822:Lady of Veere 2819: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2803: 2802:Robert Gaguin 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2782:Robert Fisher 2779: 2775: 2771: 2764: 2763:French circle 2754: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2698: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2680:John Longland 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2631:Thomas Lupset 2628: 2627:Henry Bullock 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2590: 2580: 2578: 2577:Scholasticism 2574: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2554:Jan Standonck 2552: 2548: 2544: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2454: 2453: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2433: 2428: 2419: 2417: 2411: 2406: 2390: 2388: 2381: 2376: 2360: 2358: 2351: 2345: 2308: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2228: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2193: 2170: 2168: 2162: 2156: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2093: 2063: 2061: 2055: 2050: 2020: 2018: 2014: 2008: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1980: 1936: 1934: 1930: 1924: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1889: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1833:Stein, Gouda 1830: 1796: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1755: 1739: 1737: 1731: 1726: 1710: 1708: 1704: 1699: 1690: 1688: 1684: 1679: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1646: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1619: 1610: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1596: 1588: 1587: 1576: 1575:Life timeline 1339:Dispensations 1289: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1258: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1242: 1240: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1220:Pieter Gillis 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1167: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1130: 1127: 1126:Canon Regular 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1099: 1095: 1090: 1081: 1079: 1078:Quartan fever 1075: 1071: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1019: 1017: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 994: 990: 988: 984: 979: 976: 974: 967: 964: 960: 954: 947: 943: 939: 935: 933: 929: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 897: 894: 893: 892: 884: 882: 878: 874: 870: 869:Martin Luther 866: 862: 858: 857: 852: 847: 845: 844: 839: 838: 833: 832: 827: 826: 821: 820: 815: 814: 809: 805: 801: 797: 796:New Testament 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 772: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 729: 721: 720: 703: 635: 626: 622: 619:25 April 1492 618: 614: 611: 608: 604: 601: 598: 594: 589: 585: 581: 577: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 500:Martin Luther 498: 496: 493: 492: 490: 486: 480: 479: 475: 473: 472:accommodation 470: 468: 464: 462: 459: 457: 456: 451: 449: 446: 445: 443: 441:Notable ideas 439: 433: 432: 428: 426: 425: 421: 419: 418: 414: 412: 411: 407: 405: 404: 400: 398: 397: 393: 391: 390: 386: 385: 383: 381:Notable works 379: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 334: 332: 328: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 308: 306: 302: 296: 293: 292: 290: 286: 283: 280: 276: 273:Academic work 271: 265: 262: 260: 257: 255: 252: 250: 247: 245: 242: 240: 237: 234: 232: 229: 227: 226:Lorenzo Valla 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 208: 206: 202: 195: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 177: 175: 171: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 141:New Testament 139: 135: 131: 127: 122: 112: 108: 103: 99: 88: 84: 80: 76: 75: 69: 64: 57: 52: 49: 46: 40: 33: 19: 27065:1460s births 26999:Peter Kreeft 26947:21st century 26938:Henri Nouwen 26848:Jean Guitton 26828:Fulton Sheen 26756:20th century 26657:Jaime Balmes 26615:19th century 26436:Luis de León 26375: 26317:Geert Groote 26304: 26121:Peter Damian 25960:John Cassian 25900:Nestorianism 25822: 25805: 25798: 25781: 25759:Early Church 25576:Neoplatonism 25498:Ressentiment 25493:Quinque viae 25458:Memento mori 25418:Double truth 25363:Actus primus 25221: 25129:Philosophers 25036:Cartesianism 24719: 24709: 24699: 24689: 24679: 24669: 24659: 24649: 24639: 24629: 24619: 24609: 24599: 24589: 24579: 24569: 23989:Guicciardini 23983: 23972:Early modern 23808:Philosophers 23782:Conservatism 23777:Confucianism 23765:Distributism 23698:Social norms 23686:Sittlichkeit 23672:Ressentiment 23618:Institutions 23596:Human nature 23430: 23249:Martin Lings 23202:Emil Brunner 23192:Paul Tillich 23182:Martin Buber 23097:W K Clifford 23074:Afrikan Spir 22989:Thomas Chubb 22941:Early modern 22921:Adi Shankara 22834:Philosophers 22818:Natural evil 22734: 22710:Spiritualism 22685:Perennialism 22638:Metaphysical 22482:Antireligion 22357:Teleological 22280:Cosmological 22231:Baháʼí Faith 22196:Christianity 22155:Personal god 21986: 21939:Luther and I 21938: 21930: 21922: 21914: 21906: 21898: 21890: 21882: 21874: 21825:Lutherstädte 21803:Luther sites 21759:Justus Jonas 21733: 21675: 21665:Antisemitism 21625:Two kingdoms 21617: 21610: 21573: 21560: 21500: 21492: 21461: 21451: 21443: 21435: 21421: 21413: 21405: 21397: 21389: 21381: 21373: 21365: 21357: 21349: 21341: 21338:(1522, 1534) 21335:Luther Bible 21333: 21325: 21317: 21309: 21301: 21293: 21285: 21265:Bibliography 21178: 21159: 21145: 21139:Translations 21117: 21109: 21103:Ciceronianus 21101: 21093: 21085: 21077: 21069: 21061: 21053: 21045: 21037: 21029: 21002: 20954:Christianity 20917: 20908: 20895: 20881:Melvyn Bragg 20781: 20771: 20759: 20736:Online books 20729: 20712:Online books 20702: 20650: 20646: 20634: 20624: 20611: 20597: 20590: 20581: 20575: 20557: 20550: 20543: 20536: 20529: 20520: 20511: 20502: 20495: 20488: 20481: 20474: 20467: 20457: 20438: 20421: 20410: 20388: 20379: 20370: 20354: 20350: 20343: 20319: 20305: 20283: 20260: 20252: 20234: 20226: 20208: 20181:. Retrieved 20161: 20157: 20147: 20139: 20138:John Twigg, 20134: 20125: 20116: 20107: 20098: 20084: 20072:. Retrieved 20050: 20041: 20032: 20023: 20014: 20005: 19996: 19987: 19978: 19969: 19961:First Things 19960: 19950: 19938:. Retrieved 19935:First Things 19934: 19925: 19913:. Retrieved 19908: 19899: 19887:. Retrieved 19883: 19873: 19864: 19852:. Retrieved 19848: 19839: 19829: 19822: 19810:. Retrieved 19803: 19794: 19753: 19749: 19724:. Retrieved 19717: 19696: 19690: 19681: 19658: 19637: 19624: 19599: 19590: 19581: 19556: 19553:Rheumatology 19552: 19546: 19521: 19517: 19507: 19472: 19468: 19458: 19431: 19425: 19408: 19404: 19397: 19356: 19352: 19342: 19309: 19305: 19295: 19270: 19266: 19256: 19243: 19210: 19206: 19196: 19184:. Retrieved 19175: 19165: 19157: 19151: 19146: 19129: 19123: 19098: 19094: 19088: 19061: 19055: 19043:. Retrieved 19010: 19006: 18996: 18988: 18983: 18971:. Retrieved 18969:(2): 367–390 18966: 18962: 18940: 18931: 18919:. Retrieved 18910: 18906: 18881:. 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Lily, 7063:Thomas More 7018:appeared." 6937:syllogistic 6933:dialectical 6884:, with the 6851:Enchiridion 6816:inverbation 6810:Inverbation 6788:Thomas More 6739:incarnation 6728:hermeneutic 6685:different." 6652:Enchiridion 6589:Scholastics 6550:Enchiridion 6456:(duality), 6409:Melanchthon 6382:(1523) see 6351:Epicureans. 6134:(left) and 6085:Franciscans 6078:Benedictine 5999:Enchiridion 5883:new edition 5496:Malebranche 5356:Roscellinus 5301:Grosseteste 5261:Bonaventure 5081:Athenagoras 4877:Metaphysics 4837:Personalism 4832:Natural law 4827:Probabilism 4703:Hellenistic 4661:anti-Judaic 4652:during the 4608:antisemitic 4568:Christendom 4390:Thomas More 4347:'s Greek.) 4169:John Fisher 3936:John Fisher 3932:Thomas More 3919:; in 1534, 3902:Clement VII 3881:from them. 3774:magnum opus 3663:Roman Curia 3652:Paraphrases 3642:Adnotations 3638:Annotations 3623:blackletter 3477:Thomas More 3373:Thomas More 3360:Thomas More 3263:Martin Dorp 3190:John Fisher 3048:) from the 2998:Clement VII 2977:Alberto Pío 2890:Thomas More 2876:Erasmus by 2862:Panegyricus 2838:Enchiridion 2818:Thomas Grey 2810:: Noël Béda 2794:Thomas Grey 2747:John Morton 2743:Jean Gerson 2739:Thomas More 2725:Scholastics 2676:John Fisher 2595:Thomas More 2562:Renaissance 2489:plague (to 2196:Strasbourg 1606:Walsingham 1388:Netherlands 1286:Clement VII 1072:canonry in 1070:Augustinian 1053:: Erasmus' 1049:run by the 959:Zevenbergen 881:middle-road 873:John Calvin 798:and of the 782:developing 765:vast number 761:philosopher 715:-ee-əs irr- 525:John Calvin 495:Thomas More 239:John Fisher 27054:Categories 27019:Scott Hahn 26396:Johann Eck 26048:Iconoclasm 25980:Pope Leo I 25840:Tertullian 25601:Empiricism 25423:Evil demon 25197:Chesterton 25074:Nominalism 25061:Universals 24902:Just price 24781:Humanities 24741:Agnotology 24400:Kołakowski 23963:Ibn Tufayl 23943:Maimonides 23887:Thucydides 23882:Tertullian 23837:Lactantius 23732:Volksgeist 23713:Traditions 23527:Convention 23239:J L Mackie 23197:Karl Barth 22994:David Hume 22916:Maimonides 22901:Heraclitus 22690:Polytheism 22660:Nondualism 22648:Humanistic 22633:Naturalism 22623:Monotheism 22581:Henotheism 22576:Gnosticism 22507:Demonology 22390:747 gambit 22307:Experience 22145:Misotheism 21820:Lutherhaus 21779:Pope Leo X 21711:(daughter) 21533:and events 21462:Table Talk 21087:Colloquies 20730:By Erasmus 20270:0413753301 20218:0802071775 20033:www.eur.nl 19997:www.eur.nl 19854:15 January 19849:www.rct.uk 19207:The Monist 18991:2000, 343. 17858:17 January 17669:2 December 17200:, Book I, 17106:24 October 16688:it.cgu.edu 16586:19 January 16279:24 October 16097:Reviewed: 15559:2 December 14960:(jg): 57. 14895:quoted in 14873:0754630196 13918:Dominicana 13376:10454/5003 13331:12 January 13043:3 December 12892:16 January 12326:30 October 12238:required.) 12018:2 December 11727:0750914068 10837:Huizinga, 10610:References 10164:Karl Barth 10156:christiana 10152:christiana 10111:Paraclesis 10021:25 October 9947:Paraclesis 9753:20 October 9673:3 December 9116:p. 173,174 9110:1 November 8907:scholastic 8347:Pro Europa 7935:: 187–210. 7886:Cistercian 7832:Oratorians 7746:Desiderius 7703:Exhumation 7648:Luxembourg 7239:the plague 7043:See also: 6890:Beatitudes 6804:pacificism 6772:himself." 6735:vice versa 6641:Paraclesis 6501:Scepticism 6493:Ciceronian 6462:asceticism 6305:Scripture. 6116:John Colet 6024:Colloquies 5853:Sacraments 5837:Last Rites 5827:sacraments 5676:Hildebrand 5616:Chesterton 5481:La Mennais 5411:Bellarmine 5406:Azpilcueta 5351:Paschasius 5231:Autrecourt 5186:Tertullian 5146:Chrysostom 5086:Athanasius 4968:Victorines 4899:Nominalism 4807:Just price 4481:pacificism 4313:See also: 4249:Pacificism 4075:last rites 3944:Henry VIII 3682:Anabaptist 3619:Roman type 3457:Henry VIII 3326:University 3300:Edward Lee 3055:per saltum 2774:Josse Bade 2717:John Colet 2706:Henry VIII 2599:John Colet 2558:Scholastic 1892:Rotterdam 1734:Canterbury 1278:Pope Leo X 1264:granted a 1096:(1950) in 1094:Hildo Krop 922:Early life 749:theologian 488:Influenced 352:Patristics 231:John Colet 204:Influences 157:Charles V. 145:pacificism 43:See also: 37:See also: 26923:Hans Küng 26712:Léon Bloy 26702:Modernism 26555:Jansenism 26241:Mysticism 25835:Montanism 25566:Platonism 25540:Univocity 25438:Haecceity 25317:Ratzinger 25282:Montaigne 25262:MacIntyre 25217:Dionysius 25212:Descartes 25172:Augustine 25026:Salamanca 24821:Sociology 24771:Historism 24480:Santayana 24450:Oakeshott 24420:MacIntyre 24405:Kropotkin 24380:Heidegger 24233:centuries 24147:Nietzsche 24112:Jefferson 24097:Helvétius 24062:Condorcet 24025:centuries 24009:Montaigne 23832:Confucius 23822:Augustine 23739:Worldview 23633:Modernity 23606:Formation 23339:Loyal Rue 23064:Karl Marx 22886:Gaudapada 22715:Shamanism 22680:Pantheism 22665:Nontheism 22643:Religious 22628:Mysticism 22601:Christian 22591:Religious 22542:Atheistic 22537:Christian 22420:Nonbelief 22405:Free will 22221:Mormonism 22045:Afterlife 21695:(parents) 21612:Sola fide 21460:Luther's 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Wiley. 20178:1874-9275 20074:1 October 19940:1 October 19880:"Erasmus" 19812:9 January 19786:192267401 19770:0075-4390 19726:9 January 19646:2212-8956 19530:0315-162X 19373:0034-4338 19318:0007-5140 19279:0007-5140 19227:0026-9662 19176:issuu.com 19115:191473158 19027:1871-241X 18641:: 21–53. 18549:171963677 18494:0143-781X 18359:0013-2586 18242:0017-8322 18207:Erasmus, 18050:241298542 17889:25 August 17840:0022-5037 17785:: 44–52. 17615:11 August 17567:243905013 17502:182939353 17423:: 45–67. 17333:1523-5734 17219:See also 16865:162208956 16849:0009-6407 16794:170458328 16778:0009-6407 16452:241298542 16411:170334683 16370:cite book 16360:1 January 16269:164160751 16253:0034-4338 16208:: 50–70. 16078:200062225 15940:(3): 385. 15901:(1): 12. 15746:The Kabod 15461:Erasmus. 15436:143485311 15331:Erasmus, 15278:0333-9068 15272:: 85–93. 15191:0039-3495 15137:144925414 15048:163790714 14974:171005154 14923:171963677 14802:0032-2970 14712:166213471 14426:4 January 14348:0018-2176 14277:240920541 14196:240975375 14150:240975375 14006:0003-049X 13841:171933331 13797:8 January 13649:0043-0439 13583:31 August 13573:166057335 13557:0361-0160 13215:0028-2030 12955:7 January 12776:1513-1542 12732:239956783 12582:"Erasmus" 12568:248601520 12508:0013-8266 12444:0047-8105 12401:0009-8353 12308:0018-2648 12171:240246657 12163:1874-9275 11914:165911603 11894:Quaerendo 11547:0044-8745 11514:5 January 11484:163219853 11222:0027-4631 11175:0363-3276 10910:0006-1999 10806:203519815 10549:Galatians 10489:171469828 10359:171463846 10260:analogous 10216:ad-fontes 10128:11 August 10093:171469828 10003:0022-5037 9832:Epicurean 9828:Aristotle 9463:reformers 9413:0081-8658 9301:scelerato 9284:conversos 9268:conversos 9230:0007-5140 9195:(3): 377. 9164:pp. 97,98 9127:Charles V 9092:0066-6785 9000:198585078 8874:conversos 8862:conversos 8795:Erasmus, 8734:leitmotiv 8671:0028-4289 8611:(1): 30. 8373:Andrelini 8343:"Erasmus" 8323:Sepúlveda 8284:10443/596 8234:0004-8003 8082:Quaerendo 7903:Victorine 7897:Augustine 7677:Cambridge 7599:Knowledge 7550:Name used 7534:Ken Bones 7510:In 1622, 7490:engraving 7448:, Germany 7446:Nuremberg 7406:He chose 7363:carnelian 7274:St Jerome 7023:Erasmus, 6766:chameleon 6690:Erasmus, 6668:Erasmus, 6585:Aristotle 6546:Symposium 6497:Cartesian 6482:Isocratic 6474:Epicurean 6470:adiaphora 6454:Platonist 6448:Classical 6284:Assertion 6258:monergism 6254:synergism 6172:purpose. 6109:95 Theses 5974:Erasmus, 5867:Eucharist 5839:(writing 5696:MacIntyre 5656:Gutiérrez 5626:Copleston 5596:Balthasar 5451:Descartes 5311:Hildegard 5296:Gregory I 5271:Catherine 5221:Alexander 5171:Dionysius 5091:Augustine 5044:Salamanca 4918:Haecceity 4822:Casuistry 4675:. In his 4562:Outsiders 4552:Erasmus, 4530:Donatists 4526:Augustine 4479:Erasmus' 4466:ecumenism 4442:adiaphora 4331:included 4253:Irenicism 4205:conversos 4068:Lieve God 4048:dysentery 3994:Edward VI 3934:, Bishop 3912:retired. 3910:Campeggio 3685:matter). 3602:(Eramus' 3547:Opponents 3437:'s will. 3408:Charles V 3375:'s wrote 3318:Charles V 3292:Opponents 3226:Jan Łaski 3035:philology 2994:Adrian VI 2981:Sepúlveda 2973:Opponents 2936:Bombasius 2854:panegyric 2808:Opponents 2723:than the 2348:Konstanz 1758:Deventer 1329:Ordained? 1260:In 1505, 1228:Jan Łaski 928:Rotterdam 877:monergism 865:synergism 455:ad fontes 452:Biblical 342:Philology 173:Education 98:Rotterdam 26455:Molinism 26033:Ecthesis 25985:Boethius 25890:Arianism 25880:Eusebius 25830:Irenaeus 25794:Polycarp 25708:Timeline 25528:Irenaean 25518:Theodicy 25488:Quiddity 25351:Concepts 25277:Maritain 25247:Krasicki 25237:Gassendi 25227:Eriugena 25182:Boethius 25157:Anscombe 25147:Albertus 25041:Molinism 25008:Occamism 24980:Medieval 24907:Just war 24834:Category 24746:Axiology 24734:See also 24525:Voegelin 24515:Spengler 24490:Shariati 24445:Nussbaum 24430:Maritain 24390:Irigaray 24370:Habermas 24335:Foucault 24320:Durkheim 24222:Voltaire 24187:de Staël 24162:Rousseau 24087:Franklin 23948:Muhammad 23933:Gelasius 23918:Avempace 23901:Medieval 23877:Polybius 23872:Plutarch 23638:Morality 23613:Ideology 23601:Identity 23510:Concepts 23461:Category 23406:Religion 23396:Exegesis 22881:Boethius 22876:Averroes 22871:Avicenna 22853:medieval 22823:Theodicy 22670:Pandeism 22586:Humanism 22554:Thealogy 22497:Dharmism 22467:Acosmism 22459:Theology 22327:Morality 22322:Miracles 22201:Hinduism 22191:Buddhism 22150:Pandeism 22125:Demiurge 22093:Theodicy 21630:Beerwolf 21519:" (1543) 21512:" (1529) 21212:Category 20866:LibriVox 20369:(1897). 20317:(1994). 20303:(1894). 20281:(1899). 20015:ejpe.org 19915:25 April 19573:12923286 19389:11620600 19326:44443063 19287:44447526 19249:New York 19235:27900019 19180:Archived 19039:Archived 19035:26382868 18973:23 March 18921:25 April 18915:Archived 18883:23 April 18877:Archived 18843:Archived 18616:Archived 18506:Archived 18502:44797141 17984:5 August 17975:Archived 17883:Archived 17852:Archived 17759:21 April 17753:Archived 17692:Archived 17663:Archived 17609:Archived 17530:8 August 17363:Archived 17343:6 August 17337:Archived 17060:30 April 17054:Archived 16908:Archived 16869:Archived 16654:Archived 16580:Archived 16549:Archived 16354:Archived 16273:Archived 16124:Archived 16102:Archived 16082:Archived 16028:Archived 15967:27 April 15961:Archived 15911:Archived 15907:24329313 15790:Archived 15708:4 August 15668:Archived 15664:23654400 15617:Archived 15471:Archived 15440:Archived 15386:Archived 15355:Archived 15286:23529114 15203:Archived 15199:30094064 14927:Archived 14814:Archived 14810:25776600 14763:Archived 14619:30 April 14613:Archived 14541:Archived 14537:JHI Blog 14511:Archived 14420:Archived 14360:Archived 14097:Archived 14074:Archived 13960:Archived 13926:Archived 13791:Archived 13723:Archived 13657:24530877 13609:30 April 13603:Archived 13577:Archived 13458:4 August 13361:(2): 5. 13325:Archived 13227:Archived 13223:24009249 13135:Archived 13110:33487740 13037:Archived 12980:Archived 12949:Archived 12915:Archived 12886:Archived 12882:St.Pauls 12831:Archived 12799:(1911). 12596:22 April 12590:Archived 12520:Archived 12362:Archived 12320:Archived 12316:24413851 12181:9 August 12175:Archived 12111:Archived 12012:Archived 12008:ccel.org 11957:Archived 11785:Archived 11755:Archived 11701:7 August 11695:Archived 11555:48564991 11508:Archived 11367:Archived 11319:Archived 11264:Archived 11234:Archived 11183:40256471 11117:Archived 10962:Archived 10922:Archived 10918:20675524 10730:: 1–38. 10677:Archived 10659:Archived 10634:Archived 10294:Archived 10256:exegesis 10252:allegory 10119:Archived 10015:Archived 9964:Petrarch 9837:ataraxia 9747:Archived 9703:Archived 9632:Aleander 9425:Archived 9272:Judaizer 9250:Archived 9238:44447526 9104:Archived 9100:23563707 8938:Archived 8870:converso 8840:Archived 8838:. AICE. 8809:op. cit. 8782:31540853 8722:(1972) 8679:43250928 8351:Archived 8242:44992025 8111:Archived 8067:Epistles 7854:(2003). 7792:Archived 7767:Painter 7736:was his 7696:Brooklyn 7608:in 1988. 7601:in 2015. 7579:Erasmus+ 7495:encomium 7386:Terminus 7371:Dionysus 7351:Terminus 7323:cacullae 7308:sarotium 7256:Clothing 7246:syphilis 7209:Personal 7198:— 7177:— 7071:De copia 7021:— 6987:— 6957:— 6892:and the 6866:— 6751:John 1:1 6688:— 6666:— 6602:— 6576:— 6533:— 6520:apatheia 6511:— 6478:ataraxia 6354:— 6313:, Book I 6308:— 6289:— 6269:(1525). 6230:campaign 6203:— 6020:— 5972:— 5711:Maritain 5686:Lonergan 5666:Guardini 5591:Anscombe 5566:Caramuel 5476:Krasicki 5471:Kołłątaj 5426:Brentano 5286:Eriugena 5251:Berengar 5199:Medieval 5151:Climacus 5131:Irenaeus 5101:Boethius 5096:Benedict 5039:Analytic 5007:Occamism 4997:Molinism 4975:Llullism 4904:Quiddity 4812:Just war 4740:a series 4738:Part of 4550:— 4491:— 4437:Sceptics 4406:Guelders 4290:— 4287:enemies. 4245:Pacifist 4236:— 4215:Pacifism 4127:pastoral 3863:Cisneros 3855:converso 3702:Sorbonne 3427:Cisneros 3334:en route 3330:literary 3235:) and a 3179:De copia 3022:en route 3006:James IV 3004:, King 3002:Paul III 2988:: Popes 2924:Aleander 2884:, Paris. 2856:for the 2531:Freiburg 2201:Bologna 2016:Orléans 2011:Louvain 1932:Cambrai 1897:St Omer 1785:Woerden 1706:Reading 1430:Freiburg 1309:Orphaned 1246:ordained 1092:Bust by 998:Deventer 915:Freiburg 806:and the 757:satirist 616:Ordained 596:Religion 254:Socrates 77:(1523), 26376:Erasmus 26226:Thomism 25965:Orosius 25940:Ambrose 25855:Cyprian 25783:Didache 25737:Vulgate 25696:General 25554:Related 25342:Wojtyła 25322:Scheler 25267:Maistre 25257:Lombard 25242:Isidore 25222:Erasmus 25202:Clement 25167:Aquinas 25137:Abelard 25003:Scotism 24998:Thomism 24972:Schools 24575:(44 BC) 24505:Sombart 24500:Skinner 24485:Scruton 24465:Polanyi 24440:Niebuhr 24425:Marcuse 24360:Gramsci 24355:Gentile 24315:Du Bois 24305:Deleuze 24275:Benoist 24245:Agamben 24202:Thoreau 24192:Stirner 24182:Spencer 24132:Le Play 24082:Fourier 24067:Emerson 24052:Carlyle 24037:Bentham 24014:Müntzer 23984:Erasmus 23958:Plethon 23953:Photios 23913:Aquinas 23847:Mencius 23815:Ancient 23748:Schools 23628:Loyalty 23586:History 23574:Counter 23569:Culture 23537:Customs 23432:more... 23165:postwar 22848:Ancient 22736:more... 22655:New Age 22596:Secular 22566:Fideism 22517:Dualism 22487:Atheism 22477:Animism 22383:Against 22226:Sikhism 22216:Judaism 22211:Jainism 22120:Brahman 22073:Miracle 21975:Related 21967:, Worms 21734:Erasmus 20928:Portals 20838:in the 20828:in the 20801:at the 20703:Erasmus 20675:1262226 20574:(1937) 20389:Erasmus 20371:Erasmus 20183:19 July 19889:7 March 19659:Kostuum 19538:3550075 19499:1877862 19490:1004472 19381:2860126 19334:6365217 19186:17 July 18803:2 March 18622:3 March 18512:3 March 18424:4173446 18389:Moreana 18367:3031577 17947:26 July 17848:2707442 17728:19 July 17724:(5): 48 17221:Erasmus 17023:Moreana 16914:21 June 16857:3162926 16786:3163951 16313:. Knox. 16261:2861633 16156:15 July 16130:15 July 16091:15 July 15917:15 July 15841:15 July 15674:19 June 15623:19 June 15477:19 June 15446:19 June 15392:19 June 15335:, 1532. 15209:7 April 15053:22 June 14979:22 June 14933:22 June 14769:21 June 14704:2540661 14103:21 June 14080:21 June 14014:3143242 13729:17 July 13678:Prestel 13565:2540011 13382:28 July 13233:23 July 13174:8 March 13141:22 June 13101:7804502 12986:8 March 12548:Moreana 12526:9 April 12424:Moreana 12409:3290377 12288:History 12226:20 July 12120:11 July 12075:23 July 11963:11 July 11761:3 March 11665:Toronto 11476:2859495 11328:20 July 11230:3085961 10993:2859872 10928:22 July 10866:3039022 10839:Erasmus 10576:Aquinas 10565:genres. 10212:Petrach 10011:2707589 9899:In the 9709:28 July 9421:2857071 9360:p. 305, 9319:kaballa 9256:28 July 9246:4584234 8944:19 June 8934:4172947 8846:15 July 8542:In the 8521:Charles 8479:Bishop 8319:Memoria 7828:Jesuits 7734:Erasmus 7688:Belgium 7654:of the 7514:cast a 7499:Apelles 7357:with a 7298:cassock 6882:Gospels 6770:Proteus 6743:Trinity 6535:Erasmus 6513:Erasmus 6458:Cynical 6256:versus 5976:Spongia 5887:Algerus 5721:Mounier 5716:McLuhan 5671:Haldane 5611:Blondel 5561:Vitoria 5536:Rosmini 5511:Mercado 5506:Meinong 5501:Mariana 5491:Maistre 5486:Liguori 5466:Gracián 5461:Fénelon 5456:Erasmus 5436:Cajetan 5421:Bossuet 5396:Arnauld 5376:Thierry 5331:Lombard 5321:Isidore 5281:Eckhart 5266:Buridan 5256:Bernard 5236:Aquinas 5206:Abelard 5166:Maximus 5141:Cassian 5111:Cyprian 5106:Clement 5076:Ambrose 5069:Ancient 5034:Thomism 5029:Scotism 4957:Schools 4908:essence 4889:Realism 4777:Aquinas 4524:) that 4223:At the 4029:Brabant 3906:Cajetan 3871:Stunica 3576:Nozeroy 3556:Patrons 3314:Patrons 3296:Latomus 3136:of the 2986:Patrons 2952:Egnazio 2814:Patrons 2664:Patrons 2551:ascetic 2545:in the 2523:Louvain 2503:Cologne 2499:Brabant 2495:England 2491:Orléans 2475:Cambrai 2386:Venice 2354:Sienna, 1686:London 1582:Travels 1509:England 1491:England 1459:England 1450:Brabant 1441:England 1416:Brabant 1409:England 1272:of his 1248:to the 1244:He was 983:Woerden 737:Erasmus 211:Gospels 196:, 1506) 26068:Alcuin 25950:Jerome 25845:Origen 25545:Utopia 25337:Suárez 25327:Scotus 25312:Rahner 25302:Pascal 25292:Newman 25232:Ficino 25162:Anselm 25152:Alcuin 25018:Modern 24884:Ethics 24766:Ethics 24725:(2010) 24715:(1991) 24705:(1990) 24695:(1987) 24685:(1987) 24675:(1979) 24665:(1976) 24655:(1967) 24645:(1964) 24635:(1949) 24625:(1935) 24615:(1930) 24595:(1756) 24585:(1486) 24530:Walzer 24520:Taylor 24510:Sowell 24495:Simmel 24460:Pareto 24455:Ortega 24365:Guénon 24350:Gehlen 24345:Gandhi 24300:Debord 24285:Butler 24280:Berlin 24270:Bauman 24260:Badiou 24250:Arendt 24240:Adorno 24172:Ruskin 24127:Le Bon 24102:Herder 24077:Fichte 24072:Engels 24042:Bonald 24032:Arnold 24004:Milton 23999:Luther 23979:Calvin 23857:Origen 23827:Cicero 23787:Social 23723:Family 23718:Values 23679:Rights 23643:Public 23591:Honour 23522:Anomie 23517:Agency 23451:Portal 22725:Theism 22618:Monism 22352:Reason 22302:Desire 22297:Degree 22265:Beauty 22179:God in 22135:Egoism 22088:Spirit 21931:Luther 21915:Luther 21907:Luther 21899:Luther 21883:Luther 21703:(wife) 21687:People 21632:(1539) 21576:, 1521 21563:, 1520 21531:Topics 21505:(1524) 21497:(1524) 21489:(1524) 21465:(1566) 21456:(1543) 21448:(1543) 21440:(1539) 21432:(1537) 21426:(1529) 21418:(1529) 21410:(1529) 21402:(1529) 21394:(1528) 21386:(1526) 21378:(1526) 21370:(1525) 21362:(1525) 21354:(1523) 21346:(1523) 21330:(1522) 21322:(1520) 21314:(1520) 21306:(1520) 21298:(1518) 21290:(1517) 21183:(1548) 21164:(1539) 21156:(1516) 21150:(1500) 21147:Adagia 21122:(1535) 21114:(1533) 21106:(1528) 21098:(1524) 21090:(1518) 21074:(1516) 21066:(1514) 21058:(1512) 21050:(1509) 21042:(1501) 21034:(1499) 20700:about 20681: 20673: 20665: 20604: 20446: 20430:Topics 20395: 20327: 20293:312661 20291: 20267: 20241: 20215: 20176: 19784: 19778:750613 19776: 19768: 19644: 19571: 19536: 19528: 19497: 19487: 19446: 19387: 19379: 19371: 19332: 19324: 19316: 19285: 19277: 19233: 19225: 19113: 19076: 19033: 19025: 18689: 18679: 18653: 18589: 18547: 18500: 18492: 18422: 18365: 18357: 18316: 18263: 18240: 18211:(1517) 18193: 18183: 18146: 18104: 18094: 18048: 18038: 17846: 17838: 17797: 17603: 17593: 17565: 17500: 17435: 17402: 17331: 17298: 17266: 17181: 17157: 17000: 16875:23 May 16863: 16855: 16847: 16792: 16784: 16776: 16652:(18). 16609: 16578:(94). 16541: 16495: 16450: 16440: 16409: 16346: 16267: 16259: 16251: 16187: 16152:. 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