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Unable to make headway against their opponents, they applied for assistance to the
Spartans, who invaded Arcadia and forced the Arcadians to recall their troops from Elis. The general result of this war was the restoration of their territory to the Eleans, who were also again invested with the right of holding the Olympic games.
325:
The local form of the name was Valis, or Valeia, and its meaning, in all probability was, "the lowland" (compare with the word "valley"). In its physical constitution Elis is similar to Achaea and
Arcadia; its mountains are mere offshoots of the Arcadian highlands, and its principal rivers are fed by
471:
came to the assistance of the
Triphylians. In 366 BC, hostilities broke out between them, and though the Eleans were at first successful, they were soon overpowered; their capital very nearly fell into the hands of the enemy, and the territory of Triphylia was permanently ceded to Arcadia in 369 BC.
1105:
Oxford
Classical Dictionary, third edition. Electronic Edition. Author Oxford University Press Volume title Oxford Classical Dictionary - E Volume 05 Editor Hornblower, Simon and Antony Spawforth Publisher InteLex Corp. Publisher location Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. Published 2002 Print
413:
These people, amalgamating with the
Epeians, formed a powerful kingdom in the north of Elis. After this many changes took place in the political distribution of the country, till at length it came to acknowledge only three tribes, each independent of the others. These tribes were the Epeians,
435:, the judges of the Games, were of Elian origin. The attempts which the Pisatans made to recover their lost privilege, during a period of nearly two hundred years, ended at length in the total destruction of their city by the Eleans. From the time of this event in 572 BC until the
613:
Koilē Elis, the largest and most northern of the three, was watered by the river Peneus and its tributary, the Ladon. The district was famous during antiquity for its cattle and horses. Pisatis extended south from Koilē Elis to the right bank of the river
393:
for the first time in Greek history under the title of
Epeians (Epeii), as setting out for the Trojan War, and they are described by him as living in a state of constant hostility with their neighbours the Pylians. At the close of the 11th century BC the
1341:
Les
Inscriptions Éléennes Dialectales (VI-II siècle avant J.-C.). Volume I: Textes. Volume II: Grammaire et Vocabulaire Institutionnel. École Pratique des Hautes Études Sciences historiques et philogiques III. Hautes Études du Monde Gréco-Romain
418:
and Eleans. Before the end of the 8th century BC, however, the Eleans had vanquished both their rivals, and established their supremacy over the whole country. Among the other advantages which they thus gained was the right of celebrating the
657:
carried out further excavations under the direction of
Nikolaos Yalouris with Austrian participation. Some of the finds are exhibited in the local archaeological museum founded in 1981, for which a new building was built in 2003.
541:
7.4.16, 26). At some point in the mid-fourth century, democracy may have been restored; at least, we hear that a particularly narrow oligarchy was replaced by a new constitution designed by
Phormio of Elis, a student of
487:. When the whole of Greece fell to Rome, the sanctity of Olympia secured for the Eleans a certain amount of indulgence. The games still continued to attract large numbers of visitors, until they were finally ended by
665:, built over the ruins of the ancient town. It has one of the most well-preserved ancient theaters in Greece. Built in the fourth century BC, the theater had a capacity of 8,000 people; below it,
537:) could make and change laws. Robinson further believes that literary sources imply that Elis continued to be democratic until 365, when an oligarchic faction seems to have taken control (Xen.
646:, however it is unclear what the ancient sources mean by this, the city already existed in the same place before and there were separate communities in the region of Elis before and after.
561:. The Council initially had 500 members, but grew to 600 members by the end of the fifth century (Thuc. 5.47.9). There was also a range of public officials such as the
974:. Ed. M.H. Hansen. Acts of the Copenhagen Polis Centre 4. Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser 75, 1997. 282-32
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publisher
Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press Print publisher location Oxford: United Kingdom; New York, New York, USA Print volume published 1996
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557:
The classical democracy at Elis seems to have functioned mainly through a popular Assembly and a Council, the two main institutions of most
1322:
1040:
322:—autonomous free non-citizens. Perioeci, unlike other Spartans, could travel freely between cities. Thus the polis of Elis was formed.
1188:
Hansen, Mogens Herman (1997). "The Polis as an Urban Centre: The Literary and Epigraphical Evidence". In Hansen, Mogens Herman (ed.).
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618:, and was divided into eight departments named after as many towns. Triphylia stretched south from the Alpheios to the river Neda.
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1377:
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The first excavations in Elis were carried out from 1910 to 1914 by the Austrian Archaeological Institute under the direction of
1288:
318:
controlled much of the region of Elis, most probably through unequal treaties with other cities; many inhabitants of Elis were
1215:
Donati, Jamieson C. (2015). "8 The Greek Agora in its Peloponnesian Context(s)". In Haggis, Donald; Antonaccio, Carla (eds.).
451:. But Sparta, jealous of the increasing prosperity of its ally, availed itself of the first pretext to pick a quarrel. At the
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1153:
955:
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has argued that Elis was a democracy by around 500 BC, on the basis of early inscriptions which suggest that the people (the
985:
947:
Ancient Greek Dialects and Early Authors: Introduction to the Dialect Mixture in Homer, with Notes on Lyric and Herodotus
463:. The Eleans made no attempt to re-establish their authority over these places until Thebes rose in importance after the
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1125:
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supremacy in Greece they sided with the victors, but refused to fight against their countrymen. After the death of
83:
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247:
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361:
527:. As punishment following the surrender of Athens, Elis was forced to surrender Triphylia in 399 BC
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were the worst in the whole world." And when he was asked again, according to the account given by
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455:, the Eleans fought against the Spartans, who later took vengeance upon them by depriving them of
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Nowadays Elis is a small village of 150 citizens located 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) NE of
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32:
8:
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in 323 BC they renounced the Macedonian alliance. At a subsequent period they joined the
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And when he was once asked by some one who were the wickedest people, he said, "That in
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Classical Archaeology in Context: Theory and Practice in Excavation in the Greek World
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634:) was the capital of the city state of Elis. It was located at the exit of the river
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The spirit of the games had influenced the formation of the market: apart from the
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155:
27:
This article is about the ancient region and city state. For the capital city, see
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Eder B. 2001, "Die submykenischen und protogeometrischen Graber von Elis", Athens
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345:—as Strabo notes—in 471 BC. Elis held authority over the site of Olympia and the
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dialects, one of the most difficult for the modern reader of epigraphic texts.
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was in Elian land, and tradition dates the first recorded games to 776 BC. The
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Mait Kõiv, Early History of Elis and Pisa: Invented or Evolving Traditions?
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who invaded there and subjugated the residents. The city of Elis underwent
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in 394 AD, two years before the utter destruction of the country by the
49:"Ilida" redirects here. For the municipality in Elis regional unit, see
1044:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 278.
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Democracy Beyond Athens: Popular Government in the Greek Classical Age
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Roy, J. (2002). "The Synoikism of Elis". In Nielsen, T. H. (ed.).
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from the Hellenic Ministry of Culture (archived 18 December 2005)
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795:
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38:"Eleans" redirects here. For the Greek colony Elea in Italy, see
1194:. The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters. p. 39.
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north of Kalyvia. It is said to have been founded in 471 BC by
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As described by Strabo, Elis was divided into three districts:
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The First Democracies: Early Popular Government Outside Athens
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308:. Over the course of the archaic and classical periods, the
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Strabo; trans. by H. C. Hamilton & W. Falconer (1856).
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196:
523:. This was due to Spartan support for the independence of
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The Polis as an Urban Centre and as a Political Community
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The Polis as an Urban Centre and as a Political Community
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from the mountains into the plain in the area of today's
242:
187:
167:
137:
Ancient regions of Peloponnese (southern mainland Greece)
923:(new ed.). Harlow, England: Longman. p. 254.
519:
in an alliance against Sparta around 420 BC during the
888:) and other ancient lexica, Eleans are also listed as
1177:. Vol. II. London: Henry G. Bohn. pp. 7–34.
765:, king of Elis and leader of Eleans in the Trojan War
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360:"citizen's council" met, which was in one of the
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1261:The Early and Middle Helladic Periods in Elis
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385:The original inhabitants of Elis were called
1072:Even More Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis
768:Thalpius, leader of Eleans in the Trojan War
1263:(PhD). Brandeis University. pp. 55–62.
1258:
199:
565:who regularly submitted to public audits.
439:, the peace of Elis remained undisturbed.
42:. For the Greek colony Elaea in Asia, see
1240:. Ministry of Culture and Sports (Greece)
1148:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
937:
1143:
1120:. Stuttgart: Steiner. pp. 108–111.
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1074:. Stuttgart: Steiner. pp. 249–264.
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1344:. Genève: Librairie Droz S.A., 2007.
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31:. For the modern region, see
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511:, but the city state joined
273:) is an ancient district in
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7:
950:. De Gruyter. p. 185.
702:, 4th century BC equestrian
453:Battle of Mantinea (418 BC)
443:Peloponnesian War and later
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1144:Robinson, Eric W. (2011).
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792:–265 BC), philosopher
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809:Elean School
777:
705:
684:
660:
648:
625:
612:
606:
589:
577:
562:
558:
556:
551:
547:
538:
532:
506:
474:
446:
433:Hellanodikai
412:
398:invaded the
384:
370:Hellanodikai
354:bouleuterion
351:
328:
324:
309:
283:
179:
149:
148:
111:Major cities
1095:Iliad 2.615
1060:Book 8.3.30
1057:Geographica
872:Thessalians
763:Amphimachus
651:Otto Walter
475:During the
400:Peloponnese
300:, south by
290:Peloponnese
232:Attic Greek
105:Peloponnese
29:Elis (city)
1387:Categories
864:barbarians
860:Hegesander
834:barbarians
822:philosophy
820:school of
818:Pyrrhonist
790: 339
605:(Τριφυλία
563:demiourgoi
489:Theodosius
477:Macedonian
306:Ionian Sea
296:, east by
73:Region of
1305:Athenaeus
880:Hesychius
868:Boeotians
848:Pamphylia
711:Salmoneus
685:Athletes
644:synoecism
607:Triphūlía
603:Triphylia
574:Districts
569:Geography
457:Triphylia
408:Aetolians
366:palaestra
343:synoecism
221:romanized
1289:Archived
1238:Odysseus
852:Phaselis
783:Alexinus
758:Heracles
725:Endymion
715:Aethlius
663:Amaliada
616:Alpheios
546:(Arist.
497:Alaric I
461:Acroreia
425:Pisatans
406:and the
387:Caucones
362:gymnasia
339:Aetolian
320:Perioeci
302:Messenia
265:ethnonym
261:/wâːlis/
248:/ɛ̂ːlis/
122:Dialects
101:Location
1244:16 July
1054:Strabo
1029::
870:or the
856:Sidetae
800:sophist
796:Hippias
738:Aetolus
636:Peneios
582:Koilē (
525:Lepreum
429:Olympia
396:Dorians
376:History
298:Arcadia
288:on the
270:Ϝᾱλείοι
223::
116:Olympia
94:Olympia
1349:
1327:, 341c
1198:
1152:
1124:
1078:
1023:
986:"Elis"
954:
927:
898:Aeolic
882:(s.v.
866:, the
814:Pyrrho
772:Oxylus
754:Labour
750:Augeas
733:Epeius
719:Pelops
559:poleis
517:Athens
509:Sparta
493:Gothic
449:Sparta
416:Minyae
404:Oxylus
335:Oxylus
331:Strabo
294:Achaea
286:Greece
275:Greece
114:Elis,
904:Notes
743:Paeon
590:Coele
585:Κοίλη
544:Plato
539:Hell.
534:dāmos
513:Argos
391:Homer
358:boule
311:polis
257:Ϝᾶλις
252:Elean
227:Ilida
216:Ήλιδα
212:Greek
180:Eleia
178:) or
126:Doric
40:Velia
18:Epeii
1347:ISBN
1246:2021
1196:ISBN
1150:ISBN
1122:ISBN
1076:ISBN
1036:Elis
952:ISBN
925:ISBN
673:and
632:Ἦλις
622:City
597:Pisa
552:Mor.
548:Pol.
515:and
337:the
316:Elis
244:Ēlis
236:Ἦλις
150:Elis
66:Ἦλις
63:Elis
1367:Map
1038:".
878:In
756:of
1389::
1342:38
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998:^
988:.
787:c.
717:,
713:,
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250:;
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218:,
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162:iː
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210:(
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203:ə
200:.
194:l
191:ˈ
188:ɪ
185:/
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171:s
168:ɪ
165:l
159:ˈ
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