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field-bred dog and a show-bred dog appear to be different breeds but are registered together. The gene pools are almost completely segregated and have been for at least 70 years. A field-bred dog would not be competitive in a modern dog show, while a show dog would not have the speed or stamina to succeed in a field trial.
420:
The springer should have a positive flush. It should not hesitate or point when encountering game. Some field trial dogs will often get airborne during a flush. This is exciting to watch but is not necessary to win. Most hunters prefer that their dog not flush in that style, as it can present a risk
163:
The
English Springer Spaniel is a medium-sized compact dog. Its coat is moderately long with feathering on the legs and tail. It is a well proportioned, balanced dog with a gentle expression. This breed represents perhaps the greatest divergence between working and show lines of any breed of dog. A
220:
and weigh 40 to 60 lb (18 to 27 kg). According to the UK Breed
Standard, the English Springer Spaniel should be 20 inches (51 cm) at the withers. The females should be 18 to 20 inches (46 to 51 cm) and usually 35 to 55 lb (16 to 25 kg). Working types can be lighter in
167:
The
English Springer Spaniel field-bred dogs tend to have shorter, coarser coats than show-bred dogs. The ears are less pendulous. Field-bred dogs are wiry and have more of a feral look than those bred for showing. The tail of the field-bred dog may be docked a few inches in comparison to the show
402:
A flushing spaniel's primary role is often as a game bird flushing dog. Dogs must work in a zig-zag pattern in front of the hunter seeking game birds. The dog is taught to stay within gun range to avoid flushing a bird outside shooting distance. This pattern is one of the primary criteria used to
349:
In
January 1899, the Spaniel Club of England and the Sporting Spaniel Society held their trials together for the first time. Three years later, in 1902, a combination of the physical standard from the Spaniel Club of England and the ability standard from the Sporting Spaniel Society led to the
207:
comes in black or liver (dark brown) with white markings or predominantly white with black or liver markings; Tricolour: black and white or liver and white with tan markings, usually found on eyebrows, cheeks, inside of ears and under the tail. Any white portion of the coat may be flecked with
341:
Many spaniel breeds were developed during the 19th century, and often named after the counties in which they were developed, or after their owners, who were usually nobility. Two strains of larger land spaniel were predominant and were said to have been of "true springer type." These were the
190:
and at first glance, the only major difference is the latter's smaller size. However
English Springers also tend to have shorter, and higher-set ears than English Cockers. Springers also tend to have a longer muzzle; their eyes are not as prominent, and the coat is less abundant. The major
413:
Having the ability to scent game is of vital importance to the hunter. A springer should have a good nose in both wet and dry conditions. A dog with a good nose will learn to use the wind as it quests for game, ever adjusting its pattern according to the nuances of the
295:. The form of chronic hepatitis in the breed is more severe, affects younger dogs, and is more likely to affect bitches. One study found the English Springer Spaniel to be 6.3 times more likely to acquire the disease. Another study found an odds ratio of 5.3.
396:. If a springer damages the bird, it may be hard-mouthed. This is a serious fault, but it can be difficult to determine whether it may have been genetic or caused by poor training methods. Breeders generally avoid using any springer that is hard-mouthed.
1268:
Bexfield, N.H.; Buxton, R.J.; Vicek, T.J.; Day, M.J.; Bailey, S.M.; Haugland, S.P.; Morrison, L.R.; Else, R.W.; Constantino-Casas, F.; Watson, P.J. (2012). "Breed, age and gender distribution of dogs with chronic hepatitis in the United
Kingdom".
448:
An adequately trained and experienced working springer can be expected to use all of the aforementioned attributes to be conducted by hand, whistle and command to a position whereby an unmarked lost game bird can be picked and retrieved to
434:
Game bird hunting involves pursuing wild game in its native habitat. Gun dogs must investigate likely covers for game birds. The dog must be responsive to hand signals for the hunter to be able to direct the dog into areas of particular
427:
This is the traditional command to sit and stay. When hupped the dog can be given direction called by the handler. The ability to hup a dog actively working a running bird allows the handler and any gunners to keep up without having to
246:
A 2022 UK study found a life expectancy of 11.92 years for the breed, above the average of 11.23 years. A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 13.5 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for
358:
followed in 1910. In 1914, the first
English Field Champion was crowned, FTC Rivington Sam, whose dam was a registered cocker spaniel, Rivington Riband. Sam is considered one of the foundation sires for modern field lines.
441:
When hunting game birds, a flushing dog should be steady to wing and shot, meaning that he sits when a bird rises or a gun is fired. He does this to mark the fall and to avoid flushing other birds when pursuing a missed
1507:
1111:
Witsberger, Tige H.; Villamil, J. Armando; Schultz, Loren G.; Hahn, Allen W.; Cook, James L. (15 June 2008). "Prevalence of and risk factors for hip dysplasia and cranial cruciate ligament deficiency in dogs".
1724:
263:
492:
Gold Medal and Blue Cross Animal
Hospital Medal recipient, a London Metropolitan Police explosives search dog. He was deployed at Tavistock Square, Russell Square and King's Cross following the
203:
Field-bred dogs tend to have shorter, coarser coats than the longer furred show-bred dogs. They normally only shed in summer and spring months but shed occasionally in the autumn. The
326:
At this point, both cocker spaniels and springer spaniels were born in the same litters. The purpose of the breed was to serve as a hunting dog. The smaller cockers were used to hunt
1407:
1788:
1459:
1614:
288:, with 4.39% of dogs having the condition compared to 3.52% overall. A survey of UK breed club members found cancer to be the most common cause of death at 26.7% of deaths.
255:
651:
284:
An
American study reviewing over a million cases presented to 27 veterinary teaching hospitals in North America found the English Springer Spaniel to be prediposed to
1233:
Bandara, Y.; Bayton, W. A.; Williams, T. L.; Scase, T.; Bexfield, N. H. (2021). "Histopathological frequency of canine hepatobiliary disease in the United
Kingdom".
1728:
1174:
Bexfield, Nicholas H.; Watson, Penny J.; Aguirre-Hernandez, JesĂşs; Sargan, David R.; Tiley, Laurence; Heeney, Jonathan L.; Kennedy, Lorna J. (1 August 2012).
1511:
1147:
Adams, V. J.; Evans, K. M.; Sampson, J.; Wood, J. L. N. (1 October 2010). "Methods and mortality results of a health survey of purebred dogs in the UK".
1029:"Mortality in over 350,000 Insured Swedish Dogs from 1995–2000: II. Breed-Specific Age and Survival Patterns and Relative Risk for Causes of Death"
567:
1592:
251:. A 2005 Swedish study found 29% of Springer Spaniels died by the age of 10, less than the overall rate of 35% of dogs dying by the age of 10.
1463:
847:
1646:
180:
131:
or Shropshire Spaniels of the mid-19th century; the breed has diverged into separate show and working lines. It is closely related to the
1698:
1560:
1411:
1176:"DLA Class II Alleles and Haplotypes Are Associated with Risk for and Protection from Chronic Hepatitis in the English Springer Spaniel"
721:
2904:
80:
978:
McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (1 February 2024).
386:
judges require that a dog deliver a bird to hand, meaning that a dog will hold the bird until told to give it to the hunter directly.
623:
550:
1793:
1621:
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Springers are taught to deliver game with a soft mouth, meaning he does not puncture it with his teeth. The game should always be
1344:
489:
671:
2285:
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dog. Field-bred dogs are selected for their sense of smell, hunting ability, and response to training rather than appearance.
1095:
488:
in Iraq, for finding an extremist group's hidden arsenal of weapons and explosives. Another example is Jake, aka Hubble Keck
2576:
1318:
637:
1381:
2082:
812:
1824:
319:
that the land spaniel should be split into two kinds, the Springing, Hawking Spaniel, or Starter; and the Cocking or
139:; less than a century ago, springers and cockers would come from the same litter. The smaller "cockers" were used in
904:
595:
73:
1672:
1433:
485:
143:
hunting while their larger littermates were used to flush, or "spring", other game birds, hence the name. In 1902,
147:
recognized the English Springer Spaniel as a distinct breed. They are used as sniffer dogs on a widespread basis.
662:
499:
The Springer is not limited to detecting explosives. Other varied uses for the Springer can include sniffing out
727:
878:
2710:
1291:
531:
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nests, illegal immigrants, blood and the superbug C. difficile. Springers are used for drug detection in the
929:
Teng, Kendy Tzu-yun; Brodbelt, Dave C.; Pegram, Camilla; Church, David B.; O’Neill, Dan G. (28 April 2022).
581:
311:
published in 1576. His book was the first work to describe the various British breeds by function. By 1801,
609:
2555:
2034:
2004:
493:
477:
346:
and the Shropshire spaniels, and by the 1850s, these were shown under the breed name of Norfolk spaniel.
2612:
2278:
1949:
1934:
1929:
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and the English Springer are that the Welsh have more limited colors and tend to be slightly smaller.
1939:
1924:
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flushing dog. There are several skills that breeders train the dog to perform for their occupation.
2057:
2009:
1959:
658:
235:
1751:
2899:
2796:
2100:
879:"A comparison of English Cocker Spaniels, American Cocker Spaniels and English Springer Spaniels"
855:
216:
Males in the show dog line are typically approximately 19 to 21 inches (48 to 53 cm) at the
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teams, where their willingness to work and cover rough terrain makes them an excellent choice.
2607:
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2155:
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931:"Life tables of annual life expectancy and mortality for companion dogs in the United Kingdom"
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1508:"Agency sniffer dog finds illegal immigrants attempting to smuggle themselves into the UK"
8:
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1999:
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1989:
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1964:
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group traditionally used for flushing and retrieving game. They are descended from the
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330:, while their larger littermates, the springer spaniels, would "spring"—or flush—the
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2014:
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1007:
991:
958:
942:
813:"Know The Difference Between A Show Bred & Field Bred English Springer Spaniel"
702:
469:
312:
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for conspicuous gallantry or devotion to duty while serving in military conflict:
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1725:"Minister Toews Welcomes Graduation of CBSA's First Tobacco Detector Dog Teams"
1322:
1282:
995:
946:
759:
754:
508:
274:
183:. They are generally more thickly boned and heavier than field-bred springers.
1385:
1125:
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1535:"On scent of success: sniffer dog Keela earns more than her Chief Constable"
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1027:
Egenvall, A; Bonnett, Bn; Hedhammar, ĂĄ; Olson, P (30 September 2005).
2816:
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2165:
2049:
2019:
1173:
500:
481:
379:
368:
116:
1575:"The streets of Fresno are a little safer when Buster is on the job"
980:"Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death"
331:
327:
140:
350:
English Springer Spaniel breed being officially recognized by the
2878:
2874:
2700:
2441:
2363:
2353:
2092:
1561:"Meet The English Springer Spaniel Who's Sniffing Out A Superbug"
1120:(12). American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA): 1818–1824.
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120:
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535:
977:
1086:
Hnilica, Keith A.; Patterson, Adam P. (19 September 2016).
2293:
1802:
1232:
2761:
1675:. Isle of Man: Department of Home Affairs. Archived from
817:
English Springer Spaniel Information and Field Trial Page
1699:"Sniffer dogs: hot on the trail with the pet detectives"
928:
881:. English Cocker Spaniel Club of America. Archived from
1752:"Qatar Military Dog Show Enhances Bilateral Relations"
1267:
1114:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
1146:
254:
Skin conditions the breed is predisposed to include:
1510:. UK Borders Agency. 2 February 2009. Archived from
684:
291:English Springer Spaniels have a predisposition to
1292:20.500.11820/6d61eb61-cd9f-4d69-b12f-7f17036e581e
171:Show dogs have longer fur and more pendant ears,
2891:
1462:. Met.Police.UK. 10 January 2007. Archived from
1085:
785:"English Springer Spaniel Dog Breed Information"
661:officers with a Springer Spaniel sniffer dog at
1345:"AKC MEET THE BREEDS: English Springer Spaniel"
1312:
1310:
186:The English Springer Spaniel is similar to the
1749:
1532:
990:(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
941:(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
2279:
1818:
1408:"English Springer Spaniel – Key Field Skills"
2449:
1307:
842:
840:
838:
1426:
1376:
1374:
1372:
229:The English Springer Spaniel ranks 13th in
2286:
2272:
1825:
1811:
870:
367:An English Springer Spaniel is foremost a
32:
1722:
1290:
1209:
1191:
1062:
1044:
1011:
962:
835:
630:Three-months-old English Springer Spaniel
1787:) is being considered for deletion. See
1649:. North Yorkshire Police. Archived from
1369:
644:A nine-year-old English Springer Spaniel
154:
1615:"Drug detector dogs of Finnish Customs"
1316:
541:The Springer Spaniel is also used as a
338:or hawk would bring it to the handler.
2892:
2294:Dogs originating in the United Kingdom
1434:"PDSA Dickin Medal: 'the animals' VC'"
1400:
807:
805:
307:described the spaniel in his book the
2577:English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)
2267:
1806:
1382:"The History of the Springer Spaniel"
81:Fédération Cynologique Internationale
2767:Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound
490:People's Dispensary for Sick Animals
468:. Notable search dogs have included
1533:McVeigh, Karen (30 December 2005).
1337:
905:"English Springer Spaniel Standard"
876:
802:
264:lichenoid psoriasis–form dermatitis
13:
2083:Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
678:A resting English Springer Spaniel
574:English Springer Spaniel from 1807
464:The Springer Spaniel is used as a
198:
14:
2931:
2905:Dog breeds originating in England
1791:to help reach a consensus. ›
1770:
685:Notable English Springer Spaniels
588:Drawing of Norfolk spaniels, 1881
1750:Senger, Dustin (13 April 2009).
1486:"Toby the bumblebee sniffer dog"
1235:Journal of Small Animal Practice
1161:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2010.00974.x
1149:Journal of Small Animal Practice
670:
650:
636:
622:
608:
594:
580:
566:
453:
175:and dangling flews. The tail is
1743:
1716:
1691:
1665:
1639:
1620:. Tulli Customs. Archived from
1607:
1585:
1567:
1553:
1526:
1500:
1478:
1452:
1317:Mymudes, Mindy (3 March 2002).
1261:
1226:
1167:
1140:
1104:
1090:. St. Louis (Miss.): Saunders.
1488:. Bumblebee Conservation Trust
1079:
1020:
971:
922:
897:
777:
602:English springer spaniel, 1915
224:
150:
1:
2711:Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
2005:Slovakian Roughhaired Pointer
1776:
1436:. PDSA.org.uk. Archived from
1410:. Petwave.com. Archived from
1319:"An English Springer History"
1033:Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica
770:
486:Duke of Wellington's Regiment
334:into the air where a trained
181:countries that permit docking
1723:Christine (13 August 2014).
1460:"Police dog Jake is awarded"
1193:10.1371/journal.pone.0042584
484:search dog serving with the
7:
2556:West Highland White Terrier
2035:Wirehaired Pointing Griffon
1832:
1277:(1). Elsevier BV: 124–128.
733:
494:7 July 2005 London bombings
478:Royal Army Veterinary Corps
10:
2936:
2613:Staffordshire Bull Terrier
1950:Irish Red and White Setter
1935:German Shorthaired Pointer
1930:German Roughhaired Pointer
1283:10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.11.024
996:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w
947:10.1038/s41598-022-10341-6
848:"English Springer Spaniel"
556:
457:
298:
221:weight and finer in bone.
2855:
2734:
2693:
2625:
2590:
2569:
2440:
2362:
2299:
2222:
2164:
2091:
2048:
1940:German Wirehaired Pointer
1925:German Longhaired Pointer
1840:
1595:. Swedish Customs Service
1126:10.2460/javma.232.12.1818
362:
309:Treatise of Englishe Dogs
256:acral mutilation syndrome
241:
179:to a short stub in those
159:A liver & white bitch
95:
84:
79:
72:
67:
62:
58:
50:
40:
31:
26:
2392:English Springer Spaniel
2121:English Springer Spaniel
2058:Chesapeake Bay Retriever
1794:English Springer Spaniel
1789:templates for discussion
1088:Small Animal Dermatology
1046:10.1186/1751-0147-46-121
659:British Transport Police
616:English Springer Spaniel
562:English Springer Spaniel
236:The Intelligence of Dogs
211:
191:differences between the
135:and very closely to the
113:English Springer Spaniel
27:English Springer Spaniel
2797:Old Welsh Grey Sheepdog
2101:American Cocker Spaniel
2608:Miniature Bull Terrier
2546:Sporting Lucas Terrier
2511:Parson Russell Terrier
2481:Dandie Dinmont Terrier
2432:Welsh Springer Spaniel
2382:English Cocker Spaniel
2377:Curly-Coated Retriever
2174:American Water Spaniel
2156:Welsh Springer Spaniel
2116:English Cocker Spaniel
2063:Curly-coated Retriever
1271:The Veterinary Journal
852:SpringerSpaniel.org.uk
317:Cynographia Britannica
303:The English physician
188:English Cocker Spaniel
160:
137:English Cocker Spaniel
133:Welsh Springer Spaniel
2777:English White Terrier
2772:English Water Spaniel
2742:Black and Tan Terrier
2402:Flat-Coated Retriever
2238:English Water Spaniel
2068:Flat-coated Retriever
1875:Braque du Bourbonnais
543:search and rescue dog
458:Further information:
378:Most hunters and all
158:
63:Kennel club standards
2787:North Country Beagle
2721:King Charles Spaniel
2660:Pembroke Welsh Corgi
2655:Old English Sheepdog
2645:Cardigan Welsh Corgi
2486:Jack Russell Terrier
2349:West Country Harrier
2204:Portuguese Water Dog
2184:Cantabrian Water Dog
2141:Pont-Audemer Spaniel
1885:Braque Saint-Germain
1860:Blue Picardy Spaniel
1593:"Drug detector dogs"
1388:on 13 September 2009
1350:American Kennel Club
712:for animal bravery:
356:American Kennel Club
286:canine hip dysplasia
2842:Tweed Water Spaniel
2832:Toy Trawler Spaniel
2792:Old English Bulldog
2757:Cumberland Sheepdog
2253:Tweed Water Spaniel
2248:Old Spanish Pointer
2189:Irish Water Spaniel
2010:Small Münsterländer
2000:Saint-Usuge Spaniel
1960:Large Münsterländer
1910:Drentse Patrijshond
1673:"Dogs and Handlers"
1357:on 22 November 2010
885:on 21 November 2010
722:PDSA Order of Merit
432:Follow Hand Signals
352:English Kennel Club
2726:Northern Inuit Dog
2541:Smooth Fox Terrier
2516:Patterdale Terrier
2496:Manchester Terrier
2466:Bedlington Terrier
2417:Labrador Retriever
2339:Scottish Deerhound
2078:Labrador Retriever
1990:Portuguese Pointer
1980:Perdigueiro Galego
1965:Old Danish Pointer
1514:on 10 January 2014
1325:on 20 January 2010
1247:10.1111/jsap.13354
984:Scientific Reports
935:Scientific Reports
745:List of dog breeds
279:primary seborrhoea
161:
2887:
2886:
2747:Blue Paul Terrier
2670:Shetland Sheepdog
2650:Lancashire Heeler
2621:
2620:
2582:Yorkshire Terrier
2261:
2260:
2209:Spanish Water Dog
2194:Lagotto Romagnolo
2040:Wirehaired Vizsla
1870:Braque d'Auvergne
1731:on 14 August 2014
1679:on 8 January 2010
1414:on 2 January 2013
1097:978-0-323-37651-8
877:Gormish, Denise.
403:judge a dog in a
394:fit for the table
315:explained in the
293:chronic hepatitis
109:
108:
91:
90:
2927:
2598:Bull and terrier
2561:Wire Fox Terrier
2531:Sealyham Terrier
2526:Scottish Terrier
2491:Lakeland Terrier
2461:Airedale Terrier
2447:
2446:
2407:Golden Retriever
2319:English Foxhound
2288:
2281:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2073:Golden Retriever
2015:Spinone Italiano
1827:
1820:
1813:
1804:
1803:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1727:. Archived from
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1647:"About our dogs"
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1627:on 10 April 2011
1626:
1619:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1440:on 17 April 2008
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1384:. Archived from
1378:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1353:. Archived from
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1321:. Archived from
1314:
1305:
1304:
1294:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1213:
1195:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1066:
1048:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
975:
969:
968:
966:
926:
920:
919:
917:
915:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
874:
868:
867:
865:
863:
854:. Archived from
844:
833:
832:
830:
828:
819:. Archived from
809:
800:
799:
797:
795:
781:
674:
663:Waterloo station
654:
640:
626:
612:
598:
584:
570:
376:Retrieve to Hand
313:Sydenham Edwards
104:
98:
60:
59:
46:Springer Spaniel
43:
36:
24:
23:
16:Breed of gun dog
2935:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2851:
2802:Paisley Terrier
2782:Norfolk Spaniel
2730:
2716:English Mastiff
2689:
2617:
2586:
2565:
2521:Plummer Terrier
2506:Norwich Terrier
2501:Norfolk Terrier
2453:
2436:
2372:Clumber Spaniel
2358:
2295:
2292:
2262:
2257:
2243:Norfolk Spaniel
2218:
2160:
2146:Russian Spaniel
2111:Clumber Spaniel
2087:
2044:
1975:Picardy Spaniel
1900:Ca Mè MallorquĂ
1880:Braque Français
1865:Bracco Italiano
1844:
1836:
1831:
1792:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1748:
1744:
1734:
1732:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1705:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1654:
1653:on 17 July 2011
1645:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1531:
1527:
1517:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1466:on 17 July 2012
1458:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1315:
1308:
1266:
1262:
1231:
1227:
1172:
1168:
1155:(10): 512–524.
1145:
1141:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1084:
1080:
1025:
1021:
976:
972:
927:
923:
913:
911:
909:The Kennel Club
903:
902:
898:
888:
886:
875:
871:
861:
859:
846:
845:
836:
826:
824:
823:on 30 June 2007
811:
810:
803:
793:
791:
783:
782:
778:
773:
765:Mountain Rescue
736:
710:PDSA Gold Medal
687:
680:
679:
675:
666:
665:
655:
646:
645:
641:
632:
631:
627:
618:
617:
613:
604:
603:
599:
590:
589:
585:
576:
575:
571:
559:
547:mountain rescue
462:
456:
365:
301:
244:
227:
214:
201:
199:Coat and colors
153:
145:The Kennel Club
100:
96:
69:The Kennel Club
41:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2933:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2900:Detection dogs
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2807:Southern Hound
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2685:Welsh Sheepdog
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2635:Bearded Collie
2631:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2471:Border Terrier
2468:
2463:
2457:
2455:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2427:Sussex Spaniel
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2387:English Setter
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2229:
2227:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2151:Sussex Spaniel
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2131:German Spaniel
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2106:Boykin Spaniel
2103:
2097:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1970:PachĂłn Navarro
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1920:French Spaniel
1917:
1915:English Setter
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1895:Burgos Pointer
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1855:Ariège Pointer
1851:
1849:
1838:
1837:
1830:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1772:
1771:External links
1769:
1766:
1765:
1754:. dvidshub.net
1742:
1715:
1703:Irishtimes.com
1690:
1664:
1638:
1606:
1584:
1579:The Fresno Bee
1566:
1552:
1525:
1499:
1477:
1451:
1425:
1399:
1368:
1336:
1306:
1260:
1241:(9): 730–736.
1225:
1166:
1139:
1103:
1096:
1078:
1019:
970:
921:
896:
869:
834:
801:
775:
774:
772:
769:
768:
767:
762:
760:Cocker Spaniel
757:
755:Sporting Group
752:
747:
742:
735:
732:
731:
730:
718:
717:
706:
705:
700:
686:
683:
682:
681:
677:
676:
669:
667:
657:
656:
649:
647:
643:
642:
635:
633:
629:
628:
621:
619:
615:
614:
607:
605:
601:
600:
593:
591:
587:
586:
579:
577:
573:
572:
565:
563:
558:
555:
551:Lowland Rescue
509:United Kingdom
455:
452:
451:
450:
446:Blind Retrieve
443:
436:
429:
422:
415:
408:
397:
387:
364:
361:
321:Cocker Spaniel
300:
297:
275:otitis externa
243:
240:
226:
223:
213:
210:
200:
197:
193:Welsh Springer
152:
149:
107:
106:
93:
92:
89:
88:
83:
77:
76:
71:
65:
64:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
44:
38:
37:
29:
28:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2932:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2867:Fell Terriers
2864:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2848:
2847:Welsh Hillman
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2680:Smooth Collie
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2640:Border Collie
2638:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2551:Welsh Terrier
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:Cairn Terrier
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2412:Gordon Setter
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2397:Field Spaniel
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2289:
2284:
2282:
2277:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2136:Kooikerhondje
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2126:Field Spaniel
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1945:Gordon Setter
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1753:
1746:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1623:
1616:
1610:
1594:
1588:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1562:
1556:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1487:
1481:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1340:
1324:
1320:
1313:
1311:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1186:(8): e42584.
1185:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
974:
965:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
925:
910:
906:
900:
884:
880:
873:
858:on 9 May 2010
857:
853:
849:
843:
841:
839:
822:
818:
814:
808:
806:
790:
786:
780:
776:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
737:
729:
726:
725:
724:
723:
715:
714:
713:
711:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
694:
692:
673:
668:
664:
660:
653:
648:
639:
634:
625:
620:
611:
606:
597:
592:
583:
578:
569:
564:
561:
560:
554:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:United States
502:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
461:
460:Detection dog
454:Detection dog
447:
444:
440:
437:
433:
430:
426:
423:
419:
416:
412:
409:
406:
401:
398:
395:
391:
388:
385:
381:
377:
374:
373:
372:
370:
360:
357:
353:
347:
345:
339:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
296:
294:
289:
287:
282:
280:
276:
272:
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
239:
238:
237:
232:
231:Stanley Coren
222:
219:
209:
206:
196:
194:
189:
184:
182:
178:
174:
169:
165:
157:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
103:
94:
87:
82:
78:
75:
70:
66:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
39:
35:
30:
25:
19:
2871:Fox Terriers
2859:
2837:Turnspit dog
2822:Talbot Hound
2812:Sleuth hound
2665:Rough Collie
2627:Herding dogs
2603:Bull Terrier
2536:Skye Terrier
2391:
2233:Braque Dupuy
2120:
1995:Pudelpointer
1955:Irish Setter
1905:Cesky Fousek
1782:
1756:. Retrieved
1745:
1733:. Retrieved
1729:the original
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:
1693:
1681:. Retrieved
1677:the original
1667:
1655:. Retrieved
1651:the original
1641:
1629:. Retrieved
1622:the original
1609:
1597:. Retrieved
1587:
1578:
1569:
1555:
1543:. Retrieved
1538:
1528:
1516:. Retrieved
1512:the original
1502:
1490:. Retrieved
1480:
1468:. Retrieved
1464:the original
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:the original
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1412:the original
1402:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:the original
1359:. Retrieved
1355:the original
1348:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1323:the original
1274:
1270:
1263:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1087:
1081:
1036:
1032:
1022:
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887:. Retrieved
883:the original
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821:the original
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708:Awarded the
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691:Dickin Medal
689:Awarded the
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102:domestic dog
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2827:Toy Bulldog
2706:Bullmastiff
2344:Welsh Hound
1777:‹ The
1708:11 December
1361:24 November
914:12 February
794:11 December
750:Hunting dog
740:Dogs portal
521:Isle of Man
476:recipient,
466:sniffer dog
421:to the dog.
405:field trial
384:field trial
249:crossbreeds
225:Temperament
151:Description
42:Other names
2910:FCI breeds
2894:Categories
2675:Smithfield
2591:Bull types
2570:Toy breeds
2334:Otterhound
2314:Bloodhound
2214:Wetterhoun
2166:Water dogs
2050:Retrievers
2030:Weimaraner
1758:9 November
1683:9 November
1657:9 November
1631:9 November
1599:9 November
1545:9 November
1518:9 November
1492:9 November
1470:9 November
1444:9 November
1418:25 October
1392:24 October
1329:24 October
862:25 October
771:References
482:explosives
390:Soft Mouth
305:John Caius
271:dermatitis
268:Malassezia
260:intertrigo
2817:Staghound
2752:Buckhound
2324:Greyhound
2020:Stabyhoun
1735:13 August
1539:The Times
1301:1090-0233
1255:0022-4510
1202:1932-6203
1134:0003-1488
1055:1751-0147
1004:2045-2322
955:2045-2322
501:bumblebee
480:arms and
435:interest.
380:hunt test
369:game bird
208:ticking.
21:Dog breed
2915:Spaniels
2879:Lurchers
2875:Longdogs
2442:Terriers
2364:Gun dogs
2093:Spaniels
1890:Brittany
1842:Pointers
1779:template
1220:22870335
1180:PLoS ONE
1073:16261925
1013:10834484
734:See also
418:Flushing
411:Scenting
332:gamebird
328:woodcock
141:woodcock
86:standard
74:standard
2920:Gundogs
2863:Collies
2735:Extinct
2701:Bulldog
2451:Working
2422:Pointer
2354:Whippet
2329:Harrier
2224:Extinct
1985:Pointer
1847:setters
1834:Gundogs
1781:below (
1211:3411618
1064:1624818
964:9050668
789:Akc.org
716:Ghillie
557:Gallery
525:Ireland
517:Finland
400:Quarter
344:Norfolk
299:History
218:withers
173:dewlaps
129:Norfolk
125:Spaniel
123:in the
121:gun dog
54:England
2877:&
2860:Types:
2454:breeds
2309:Beagle
2301:Hounds
2226:breeds
2199:Poodle
2179:Barbet
2025:Vizsla
1798:Curlie
1784:Curlie
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827:9 July
703:Buster
529:Canada
513:Sweden
470:Buster
439:Steady
363:Skills
354:. The
336:falcon
277:, and
242:Health
177:docked
51:Origin
2694:Other
1625:(PDF)
1618:(PDF)
1039:(3).
536:Qatar
449:hand.
442:bird.
414:wind.
212:Sizes
117:breed
115:is a
1845:and
1760:2009
1737:2014
1710:2017
1685:2009
1659:2009
1633:2009
1601:2009
1547:2009
1541:. UK
1520:2009
1494:2009
1472:2009
1446:2009
1420:2009
1394:2009
1363:2010
1331:2009
1297:ISSN
1251:ISSN
1216:PMID
1198:ISSN
1130:ISSN
1092:ISBN
1069:PMID
1051:ISSN
1000:ISSN
951:ISSN
916:2024
891:2009
864:2009
829:2007
796:2017
698:Theo
549:and
534:and
532:CBSA
472:, a
428:run.
205:coat
111:The
2762:Cur
1796:at
1287:hdl
1279:doi
1275:193
1243:doi
1206:PMC
1188:doi
1157:doi
1122:doi
1118:232
1059:PMC
1041:doi
1008:PMC
992:doi
959:PMC
943:doi
728:Max
545:by
425:Hup
382:or
233:'s
119:of
97:Dog
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