242:
148:"Recovery plans should state what must be done to protect and restore important populations of threatened species and habitat, as well as how to manage and reduce threatening processes. Recovery plans achieve this aim by providing a planned and logical framework for key interest groups and responsible government agencies to coordinate their work to improve the plight of threatened species and/or ecological communities."
314:
631:
557:
228:. The species must be monitored throughout the recovery period (and beyond) to ensure that the plan is working as intended. The framework for this monitoring should be planned before the start of the implementation, and the details included in the recovery plan. Information on how and when the data will be collected should be supplied.
83:, to prepare for the introduction of the GSAP at the IUCN World Conservation Congress in September 2021. This plan "brings together an outline of the species conservation actions required to implement the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, with supporting tools and guidelines", and aims to reach targets set for 2030.
51:
population sizes. Recovery plans act as a foundation from which to build a conservation effort to preserve animals which are under threat of extinction. More than 320 species have died out and the world is continuing a rate of 1 species becoming extinct every two years. Climate change is also linked
177:
and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Marine Fisheries Service are responsible for administering the act. The recovery plan is a document which specifies what research and management actions are necessary to support recovery, but does not itself commit manpower or
114:
that the species is found in. In this process, there is no target species for conservation, but rather the habitat as a whole is protected and managed, often with a view to returning the habitat to a more natural state. In theory, this method of conservation can be beneficial because it allows for
160:
has supported the development of
Species Action Plans for selected species. The documents "are intended to be used as a tool for identifying and prioritising measures to restore the populations of these species across their range within the EU. They provide information about the status, ecology,
219:
When recovery plans are carried out well, they do not simply act as stop gaps to prevent extinction, but can restore species to a state of health so they are self-sustaining. There is evidence to suggest that the best plans are adaptive and dynamic, responding to changing conditions. However,
161:
threats and current conservation measures for each species and list the key actions that are required to improve their conservation status in Europe. Each Plan is the result of an extensive process of consultation with individual experts in Europe".
178:
funds. Recovery plans are used in setting funding priorities and provide direction to local, regional, and state planning efforts. Recovery is when the threats to species survival are neutralized and the species will be able to survive in the wild.
64:
said in 1973 that endangered species "are of aesthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, and scientific value to the Nation and its people." They therefore set laws to protect endangered species. Section 4(f) of the United States
69:
from 1973 directs the
Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce to develop and implement recovery plans to promote the conservation of endangered and threatened species.
141:
76:(IUCN) has created Species Action Plans since at least the mid-1980s, which are used to outline the conservation strategies of species, normally between set dates.
440:
224:
requires the system to be constantly monitored so that changes are identified. Surprisingly this is frequently not done, even for species that have already been
91:
Recovery plans set out the research and management actions necessary to stop the decline of, and support the recovery of, listed threatened species or threatened
974:
471:
541:
933:
737:
Clark JA; et al. (2002). "Improving U.S. Endangered
Species Act Recovery Plans: Key Findings and Recommendations of the SCB Recovery Plan Project".
268:(CR) – there is a very high risk that the species will soon go extinct in the wild, for example because there is only a very small population remaining
118:
The IUCN stated in 2016 that there is evidence that area-based approaches do not have enough focus on individual species to protect them sufficiently.
325:
has 17 categories of species status. These categories are used in the documents produced for the U.S. Endangered species act. The categories include:
199:
Description of the species, its taxonomy, population structure and life history, including the distribution, food sources, reproduction and abundance;
969:
205:
Recovery strategy - details of how the species can be returned to a healthy state, including the goals, timeline, methods and criteria for delisting.
374:
145:(EPBC Act), after consultation with the relevant minister in each state, the Threatened Species Scientific Committee, and members of the public.
73:
332:
Threatened (T) for species "likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range"
188:
Criteria for what this healthy state would be, so that the species can be removed from the endangered list when it is achieved; and
132:
322:
497:
292:(LC) – there is a low risk that the species will become threatened. This category is used for "widespread and abundant taxa"
115:
the entire ecosystem and the many species within to benefit from conservation, rather than just the single target species.
514:
612:
444:
341:
Species of concern (SC) for species that are considered "important to monitor" but have not been categorized as E,T or C
677:
475:
298:(DD) – there is not enough data on the species to be able to make a reliable assessment on the status of the species
577:
Rohlf, DJ. (1991). "Six
Biological Reasons Why the Endangered Species Act Doesn't Work - And What to Do About It".
964:
95:. The aim of the plan is to maximise the long-term survival in the wild of a threatened species or ecosystem.
173:
of 1973 requires that all species considered endangered must have a plan implemented for their recovery. The
249:
The IUCN has categories that it uses to classify species, which are widely used in conservation. These are:
959:
329:
Endangered (E) for species "in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range"
536:
174:
840:
797:
723:
941:
876:
812:
773:
395:
170:
66:
61:
827:
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854:
877:"Endangered Species Program - About Us - Frequently Asked Questions - Species Status Codes"
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43:, is a document describing the current status, threats and intended methods for increasing
8:
699:
359:
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48:
874:
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653:"16 U.S. Code § 1533 - Determination of endangered species and threatened species"
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561:
286:(NT) – there is a risk that the species will become threatened in the near future
283:
919:
295:
135:
may make or adopt and implement recovery plans for threatened fauna, flora and
635:
953:
901:
After the
Grizzly: Endangered Species and the Politics of Place in California
369:
301:
289:
225:
639:
344:
Delisted species removed from the list due to species recovery or extinction
274:(EN) – there is a high risk of the species soon becoming extinct in the wild
262:(EW) – there are no individuals remaining of that species in the wild at all
202:
Threats - the main reasons why the species is now at risk of extinction; and
52:
to several issues relating to extinct species and animals' quality of life.
354:
44:
185:
A description of what is needed to return the species to a healthy state;
678:"Recovery Plan for Upland Species of the San Joaquin Valley, California"
419:
280:(VU) – there is a high risk that the species will soon become endangered
79:
In June 2021, the IUCN produced their Global
Species Action Plan (GSAP)
634:
Text may have been copied from this source, which is available under a
598:
560:
Text may have been copied from this source, which is available under a
271:
191:
Estimates of how long the recovery will take and how much it will cost.
700:"Interim Endangered and Threatened Species Recovery Planning Guidance"
136:
92:
935:
Recovery Plan for the North
Pacific Right Whale (Eubalaena japonica)
253:
241:
111:
104:
256:(EX) – there are no individuals remaining of that species at all
774:"Grouse: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan 2006-2010"
697:
630:
556:
313:
142:
Environment
Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
420:"Recovery of Species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA)"
875:
U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service/Endangered Species Program.
72:
The Species Survival Commission's Specialist Groups of the
396:"Endangered Species Program - Species - Why Save Species?"
393:
338:
Species endangered due to "similarity of appearance" (SAE)
335:
Candidate (C) for species currently under consideration
914:
504, 369–370 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/504369a
903:. University of California Press, ISBN 9780520355545
110:
One method of conserving a species is to conserve the
943:
Bonobo (Pan paniscus) Conservation Strategy 2012–2022
542:
Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment
195:Optionally, it may contain the following sections:
107:or ecosystem can be targeted by the recovery plan.
181:In the US, a recovery plan must contain at least:
231:
951:
910:Conservation: The Endangered Species Act at 40.
924:. Harvard University Press, ISBN 9780674979420
375:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
855:"2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)"
613:"EU Species Action Plans for selected species"
74:International Union for Conservation of Nature
975:United States Environmental Protection Agency
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304:(NE) – the species has not yet been evaluated
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970:Nature conservation in the United States
906:• Greenwald, N., Ando, A., Butchart, S.
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562:Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY 3.0 AU)
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317:U.S. Endangered Species Act Categories
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771:
86:
922:: The Rise of Ecological Restoration
103:Either a single species or an area,
698:National Marine Fisheries Service.
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13:
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591:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00139.x
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657:LII / Legal Information Institute
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751:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01376.x
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394:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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25:endangered species recovery plan
18:Plan to recover population sizes
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323:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
232:Endangered species definitions
139:listed under the Commonwealth
1:
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498:"Global Species Action Plan"
133:Minister for the Environment
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7:
348:
37:species conservation action
10:
991:
899:• Alagona, Peter S. 2020.
98:
55:
917:• Martin, Laura J. 2022.
811:Aveling, C.; et al.
175:Fish and Wildlife Service
151:
245:IUCN red list categories
544:, Australian Government
472:"Conservation Planning"
236:
965:Ecological restoration
928:Example recovery plans
835:Cite journal requires
792:Cite journal requires
718:Cite journal requires
441:"Species Action Plans"
318:
246:
171:Endangered Species Act
67:Endangered Species Act
62:United States Congress
619:. European Commission
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308:
266:Critically Endangered
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29:species recovery plan
739:Conservation Biology
579:Conservation Biology
365:In situ conservation
122:By country or region
360:Holocene extinction
260:Extinct in the wild
222:adaptive management
215:Adaptive management
158:European Commission
33:species action plan
960:Endangered species
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247:
131:In Australia, the
87:Aims and functions
49:endangered species
27:, also known as a
478:on March 14, 2016
447:on March 25, 2016
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815:Pan paniscus
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640:Legal notice
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519:, June 2021.
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476:the original
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617:Environment
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638:licence. (
623:August 24,
549:August 24,
508:August 24,
381:References
278:Vulnerable
272:Endangered
226:red listed
137:ecosystems
93:ecosystems
882:March 21,
860:March 21,
813:"Bonobo (
683:March 21,
662:March 21,
482:March 21,
451:March 21,
425:March 21,
401:March 21,
127:Australia
759:15980198
564:licence.
349:See also
599:2385897
254:Extinct
112:habitat
105:habitat
99:Methods
56:History
946:(IUCN)
938:(2013)
912:Nature
908:et al.
757:
597:
504:. 2021
152:Europe
820:(PDF)
777:(PDF)
755:S2CID
703:(PDF)
595:JSTOR
884:2016
862:2016
841:help
798:help
724:help
685:2016
664:2016
625:2021
551:2021
510:2021
502:IUCN
484:2016
453:2016
427:2016
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237:IUCN
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