1399:, however, induced Li Maozhen to send his troops outside the city walls to attack Zhu's troops, where they were crushed by Zhu's troops. From this point on, Li Maozhen could not fight back against Zhu any more, and by winter 902, Fengxiang was in such a desperate shape such that the residents were resorting to cannibalism. In spring 903, Li Maozhen sued for peace with Zhu, surrendering Emperor Zhaozong and the imperial household to him while killing Han and the other leading eunuchs, as well as Li Jiyun, Li Jihui, and Li Yanbi. Zhu took the emperor back to Chang'an, where one of the first actions Zhu and Cui carried out was to slaughter the remaining eunuchs, regardless of whether they supported Han's actions. This would be the effective end of the Shence Armies.
1082:) the military governor of Kuangguo Circuit (匡國, headquartered in modern Weinan), submitted a joint petition for Li Maozhen to be made the commander of the forces against the Yangs. Emperor Zhaozong, while inimical to the Yangs, was hesitant to give Li Maozhen more authority and territory, and therefore initially denied the request. However, Li Maozhen and Wang Xingyu launched an attack anyway, forcing Emperor Zhaozong into approving Li Maozhen as the commander against the Yangs. By winter 892, Xingyuan had fallen to Li Maozhen, and the Yangs fled (and were eventually captured by Han and delivered to Chang'an to be executed).
1166:) under siege. Wang fled and was killed by his own subordinates in flight. Li Maozhen and Han capitulated, sending apologies and tributes to Emperor Zhaozong. Emperor Zhaozong, who returned to Chang'an, bestowed great honors on Li Keyong and his key subordinates, but hesitated when Li Keyong proposed to attack Li Maozhen, believing that if Li Keyong destroyed Li Maozhen, the balance of power would be lost. He therefore forbade Li Keyong from attacking Li Maozhen. Li Keyong withdrew to Hedong Circuit, and, owing to his eventual defeats at the hands of Zhu Quanzhong, would not be able to return again.
1100:) the Prince of Qin in command of the imperial guards, which Emperor Zhaozong had rebuilt with new recruits. The imperial army had low morale and little battle experience, however, and when Li Sizhou set to engage Li Maozhen and Wang Xingyu's experienced armies, the army collapsed. Li Maozhen approached Chang'an, demanding Du's death. Emperor Zhaozong capitulated, ordering Du to commit suicide and allowing Li Maozhen to retain Fengxiang, Shannan West, Wuding, and Tianxiong. It was said that after this point, Li Maozhen and Wang Xingyu, in alliance with the chancellor
1387:
Fengxiang's capital
Fengxiang Municipality. Cui and the imperial officials largely remained at Chang'an, although some followed the emperor and the eunuchs to Fengxiang. After Zhu arrived at Chang'an to confer with Cui, he advanced to Fengxiang and put it under siege. Li Maozhen sought an alliance with Wang Jian. Wang Jian, however, tried to play both sides—outwardly aligning with Zhu, but secretly encouraging Li Maozhen to resist Zhu, while sending an army to head north to attack Li Maozhen's Shannan West Circuit.
811:), had been fighting Chen for the control of Xichuan but was unable to prevail against Chen by himself.) Still resenting Tian, who was then sheltered by Chen from edicts that Emperor Xizong had previously entered ordering Tian into exile, Emperor Zhaozong ordered Chen back to Chang'an and commissioned Wei Zhaodu as his replacement. When Chen refused to be replaced, Emperor Zhaozong ordered a general campaign against him, with Wei in command, assisted by Wang, Gu, and Yang Fugong's adoptive nephew
1145:), who coveted the more prosperous Huguo Circuit. Li Keyong supported Wang Ke, while Li Maozhen, Wang Xingyu, and Han supported Wang Gong, and all of them submitted competing petitions on the behalf of the feuding cousins. Emperor Zhaozong approved Li Keyong's petition and made Wang Ke the military governor of Huguo. In response, Li Maozhen, Wang Xingyu, and Han marched on the capital again, killing the chancellors Wei Zhaodu (who had returned to chancellorship after the Xichuan campaign) and
1417:) in command at Chang'an. Cui Yin began to see signs that Zhu Quanzhong might be intending to seize the throne and became fearful, and therefore began to rebuild the imperial guards with himself in command, and a rift began to develop between Zhu and Cui. The rift became deeper after Zhu Youlun died in an accident while playing polo late in 903, which Zhu Quanzhong believed to be a murderous plot set up by Cui. He sent another nephew, Zhu Youliang (
1536:
1325:) to join. In spring 901, they acted. They first ambushed and killed Wang Zhongxian, and captured Liu and Wang Yanfan, who were then killed by caning. Xue tried to commit suicide by drowning, but was taken out of the water and decapitated. Emperor Zhaozong was restored to the throne. In gratitude to the three officers, he bestowed the imperial clan name of Li on them, renaming them Li Jizhao (
1383:
to again remove Cui from his post as the director of salt and iron monopolies. Moreover, by this point they had persuaded Li Jiyun and his
Fengxiang soldiers to be on their side. Cui, realizing that the eunuchs were intending to destroy him, became fearful, and wrote Zhu Quanzhong, urging him to bring troops to Chang'an to act against the eunuchs. Zhu agreed, and began mobilizing his army.
33:
1304:) but put under house arrest. Li Yu, whose name the eunuchs changed to Li Zhen, was proclaimed emperor, but the eunuchs controlled the court. They wanted to kill Cui, but was fearful that Cui's ally Zhu Quanzhong might react violently, so they only relieved Cui from his secondary posts as the director of finances and the director of salt and iron monopolies.
1001:). Emperor Zhaozong sent the imperial guards to preemptively attack Yang Fugong's mansion, and Yang Fugong and Yang Shouxin fled to Yang Shouliang's Shannan West Circuit. Yang Fugong thereafter started a rebellion against the imperial government, along with Yang Shouliang, Yang Shouxin, and other adoptive sons and nephews, including Yang Shouzhong (
1212:, Han and Li Maozhen became apprehensive that he would launch an army to seize the emperor, and therefore repaired the palaces and governmental offices at Chang'an (which Li Maozhen's army had destroyed). In fall 898, Emperor Zhaozong returned to Chang'an, but with no army around him now other than the eunuch-controlled Shence Armies.
1373:) to serve as the overseer of both Shence Armies, but Yan declined and remained in retirement. Cui, apprehensive of allowing the eunuchs to command the Shence Armies again, requested Li Maozhen to leave a corps of Fengxiang troops at Chang'an to counteract the eunuchs; Li Maozhen agreed, and left his adoptive son Li Jiyun (
1484:) were all issuing declarations calling for the emperor's return to Chang'an. Zhu became apprehensive that, as he battled other warlords in campaigns, Emperor Zhaozong might find a way to rise against him at Luoyang, and therefore resolved to remove the emperor. In fall 904, he had his associate Jiang Xuanhui (
691:. His mother was Emperor Yizong's concubine Consort Wang, who was said to have come from a humble background and whose rank within the palace was not recorded. She appeared to have died shortly after giving birth to Li Jie. (As Li Jie was also said to have been from the same mother as his older brother
986:) out of parts of Xichuan territory) back to their circuits. Wang was unwilling to accept this result, however, and he intimidated Wei into returning to Chang'an by himself, while Wang continued the siege of Chengdu. In fall 891, Chen and Tian surrendered to Wang, and Wang took over Xichuan Circuit.
1356:
be put in command of the Shence Armies. This proposal was opposed by Li Jizhao, Li Jihui, and Li Yanbi, however, and as Cui cited, as a rationale, the possibility that the Shence Armies could thus counteract the warlords, Li
Maozhen was also suspicious of it. Emperor Zhaozong therefore rejected the
1386:
Han and the other eunuchs, hearing of Zhu's impending arrival, believed that Zhu's forces were intending to slaughter them. They, with the cooperation of Li Jiyun, Li Jihui, and Li Yanbi (but not Li Jizhao, who refused to align with them), seized
Emperor Zhaozong and his household, and took them to
1203:
Once
Emperor Zhaozong arrived at Hua Prefecture, however, he became effectively under Han's control, and Han stopped any real imperial attempt to engage Li Maozhen militarily. Further, he forced Emperor Zhaozong to disband the imperial guards under the imperial princes' control, and, after Li Jiepi
1174:
With Li Keyong gone from the region, Li
Maozhen, who had been intimidated into an apologetic posture to the imperial court, again became arrogant. He became suspicious of Emperor Zhaozong's attempts to rebuild the imperial guards and putting them under the commands of imperial princes, including Li
1085:
Li
Maozhen wanted to add Shannan West to his territory, so he requested to be Shannan West's military governor, fully expecting that Emperor Zhaozong would allow him to retain both Fengxiang and Shannan West. Instead, Emperor Zhaozong issued an edict making him the military governor of Shannan West
976:) escaping with just a small contingent; the rest of the imperial army was effectively lost. With Li Keyong subsequently threatening an invasion, Emperor Zhaozong was forced to restore Li Keyong to his titles and positions and exile Zhang and Kong, ending the campaign against Li Keyong in disaster.
779:
Emperor
Zhaozong's ascension created great anticipation in the people's minds, as he was considered intelligent, handsome, decisive, and talented, with ambitions to restore imperial power that had been lost during Emperor Xizong's reign. Not long after taking the throne, he changed his name further
1382:
Despite this setback, Cui continued to try to plan to slaughter the eunuchs. The eunuchs headed by Han eventually became aware of this, and, in order to reduce Cui's power, they had the Shence Army soldiers claim that Cui was not giving them the proper winter uniforms. Emperor
Zhaozong was forced
644:
During
Emperor Zhaozong's reign, the Tang dynasty fell into total disarray and rebellions, which had been ongoing since the reign of his older brother, Emperor Xizong, as they erupted throughout the country while the imperial government's authority effectively disappeared. In the midst of all this,
1351:
Shortly after Emperor Zhaozong's restoration, Li Maozhen showed an intent of reestablishing his relationship with the emperor by visiting Chang'an to pay homage to Emperor Zhaozong. While Li Maozhen was still at Chang'an, Cui Yin made a proposal intending to eliminate the control that the eunuchs
994:
The end of the campaign against Li Keyong, which Yang Fugong had opposed, did not end the tension between Emperor Zhaozong and Yang, but intensified it. In fall 891, Yang sought to retire, and Emperor Zhaozong approved the retirement. Soon thereafter, rumors that Yang was planning a rebellion at
979:
With the defeat against Li Keyong, and the campaign against Chen in a stalemate—the imperial army had put Xichuan's capital Chengdu under siege and caused a terrible famine within the city, but had not been able to capture it—the imperial treasury was being drained, and Emperor Zhaozong decided to
1463:
had long wanted to kill Li Yu, outwardly on the account that Li Yu had once improperly taken the throne (albeit under the eunuchs' pressure), but truly because he was apprehensive of Li Yu's status as the emperor's oldest son and his handsome appearance. Emperor Zhaozong resisted Zhu's wishes on
1185:
the Prince of Tong. In summer 896, he launched an attack on Chang'an. Emperor Zhaozong immediately sought aid from Li Keyong, but with Li Keyong being unable to launch an army at that time and Li Maozhen's forces having defeated Li Sizhou's, Li Sizhou recommended fleeing to Hedong. Emperor
894:
the military governor of Lulong were at that time also requesting an imperial campaign against the expanding Li Keyong. Emperor Zhaozong, despite his reservations, approved the campaign, which got under way in summer 890, with Zhu's army attacking Zhaoyi Circuit (昭義, headquartered in modern
1394:
region fell one by one to Zhu, while Shannan West and nearby holdings fell to Wang. Still, Fengxiang's defenses were holding, and by fall 902, Zhu, with his attacks hampered by rains and illnesses to the soldiers, was considering a withdrawal. A trap advocated by and set by Zhu's officer
875:, who advocated that a strong imperial army directly under the emperor was essential for the restoration of imperial power to counteract the warlords and the eunuch-commanded Shence Armies, Emperor Zhaozong began recruiting an imperial army that eventually numbered 100,000 by spring 890.
1194:), preparing to cross the Yellow River to Hedong from there; he also sent Li Jiepi to Hedong to prepare for his arrival. However, after he left Chang'an, Han Jian sent emissaries, and then personally arrived to meet with him, to persuade him to go to Zhenguo's capital Hua Prefecture (
657:, merely allowed them to re-affirm their power. Eventually, the major warlord Zhu Wen seized control of the imperial government and in 904 had Emperor Zhaozong killed as the prelude of taking over the Tang throne. Zhu also killed many of Emperor Zhaozong's ministers, including the
1439:(not the same person as the one killed in 903) the military governor of Jingnan Circuit may attack Chang'an, he forced Emperor Zhaozong to abandon Chang'an and move the capital to Luoyang. While on the journey to Luoyang, Emperor Zhaozong sent secret orders to Wang Jian,
948:, leaving Zhang's imperial army to face Li Keyong himself. By late 890, the imperial army was suffering repeated defeats at the hands of Li Keyong's Hedong army, and the supplemental troops from Jingnan (靜難, headquartered in modern
736:
In 888, by which time Huang's rebellion had been crushed and the imperial court had returned to Chang'an, Emperor Xizong grew gravely ill. It was said that Emperor Xizong's younger brother and Li Jie's older brother Li Bao
1250:). Upon Cui's accusations, Emperor Zhaozong ordered Wang, Zhu Daobi, and Jing to commit suicide, and it was said that from this point Cui became the leading figure at court, with the eunuchs angry at and fearful of him.
865:
Even though Yang Fugong had been instrumental in having Emperor Zhaozong made emperor, by 889 conflicts had begun between the emperor and the chief eunuch, leading to a public argument between Yang and the chancellors
1200:) instead, promising to do all he could to uphold imperial power. As both Emperor Zhaozong and his officials were fearful of the lengthy trek to Hedong, Emperor Zhaozong agreed and headed for Hua Prefecture instead.
1207:
Emperor Zhaozong made peace with Li Maozhen in spring 898, restoring the titles that he had previously stripped from Li Maozhen. With Zhu Quanzhong urging the emperor to move the capital to the eastern capital
1253:
The eunuchs also had become fearful of Emperor Zhaozong himself, who, after returning from Hua Prefecture, was described to be depressed, alcoholic, and unpredictable in his temperament. The four top-ranked
1423:), to succeed Zhu Youlun, and further sent Xuanwu soldiers to infiltrate the imperial guards corps that Cui was trying to rebuild. In spring 904, he acted, writing to Cui and his associates Zheng Yuangui (
722:.) It was said that Li Jie was particularly close to Emperor Xizong since they shared the same mother, and he followed Emperor Xizong in flight from Chang'an from the attack of the agrarian rebels led by
1156:, and prepared to attack the three of them. Rumors developed that Li Maozhen and Wang Xingyu both wanted to seize the emperor and take him to their domains. Emperor Zhaozong, in response, fled into the
870:
on one occasion over Kong's accusation that Yang was disrespecting the emperor. Nothing further came of the dispute publicly at this point, however. Nevertheless, at the suggestion of Kong's colleague
669:). By 907, Zhu himself took over the throne, ending the Tang dynasty and establishing a new Later Liang dynasty. Emperor Zhaozong's reign lasted almost 16 years and he was buried in the He Mausoleum (
878:
At that point, Kong and Zhang believed that it was time to test this army, to show its strengths in the struggle against Yang at court. Zhang, therefore, advocated a campaign against the warlord
743:) the Prince of Ji was the oldest among Emperor Xizong's surviving brothers and was considered wise, and so the imperial officials wanted him to succeed Emperor Xizong, but the powerful eunuch
1276:) the new directors of palace communications—began plotting to remove him. After an incident in winter 900 in which Emperor Zhaozong, in a drunken rage, killed several attending eunuchs and
1224:, who hated the eunuchs ardently and who was allied with Zhu Quanzhong. By 900, Emperor Zhaozong, who had come to trust Cui and who would later describe him as "faithful but trickier" (than
698:
In 872, Emperor Yizong created Li Jie the Prince of Shou. In 877, by which time Li Yan (named Li Xuan by this point) was emperor (as Emperor Xizong), Li Jie was given the honorary titles of
844:) in 885 and had sent out armies to conquer the nearby Tang circuits. By 888, his power had waned under attacks by Tang's military governor of Xuanwu Circuit (宣武, headquartered in modern
1518:
the Prince of Hui was first declared crown prince, and then emperor (as Emperor Ai). By 907, Emperor Ai would be forced to yield the throne to Zhu, ending Tang and starting Zhu's new
1160:
with his officials, and the people of Chang'an followed in droves. Meanwhile, Li Keyong engaged and defeated Wang's and Li Maozhen's troops, then put Wang's capital Bin Prefecture (
915:) attacking from the northeast; and the main imperial army, under Zhang's command and supplemented by the armies of various circuits around Chang'an, attacking from the southwest.
3852:
1502:), take soldiers to the palace and assassinate Emperor Zhaozong. Jiang initially issued a declaration blaming the assassination on Emperor Zhaozong's concubines Pei Zhenyi (
1407:
After Emperor Zhaozong returned to Chang'an, the capital became under the military control of the Xuanwu contingent; while Zhu Quanzhong himself returned to Xuanwu's capital
934:(and subsequently executed when he would not submit to Li Keyong), badly affecting the imperial army's morale. Li Cunxiao subsequently put Zhaoyi's capital Lu Prefecture (
1367:), both of whom had previously served as eunuch monitors of the Fengxiang army, in command of the Shence Armies, and further wanted the retired eunuch Yan Zunmei (
918:
Zhu's army was able to seize Zhaoyi quickly, due to the assassination of Zhaoyi's military governor Li Kegong (李克恭, Li Keyong's brother) by his officer An Jushou (
1435:), and then sending Xuanwu soldiers to surround Cui's mansion and kill Cui and his associates. Then, citing the possibility that Li Maozhen and his adoptive son
645:
Emperor Zhaozong tried to salvage the dying dynasty. However, his efforts to reassert imperial power generally backfired, as his unsuccessful campaigns against
1763:
are descended from Hu Shiliang, from Wuyuan, who was a descendant of Hu Changyi, a son of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang who was adopted by the Wuyuan Hu family.
964:) Circuits abandoned the imperial army and withdrew by themselves, eventually leading to a total collapse of the imperial army, with Zhang and his deputy,
733:, who dominated Emperor Xizong's court; Tian refused and whipped Li Jie's attendant for the request. Li Jie thereafter bore a deep resentment for Tian.
826:
While the campaign against Chen was starting, another campaign that had been ongoing during the latter years of Emperor Zhaozong's reign was ending.
755:. Shortly after, Emperor Xizong died, and Li Jie, changing his name to Li Min, took the throne as Emperor Zhaozong. During the mourning period, the
3373:
3816:
1204:
returned from Hedong—thus exposing the fact that Li Keyong was in no shape to launch an army to aid the emperor—slaughtered 11 imperial princes.
803:), be removed from his post. (Wang, who was allied with Gu (the military governor of neighboring Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern
980:
end the Xichuan campaign as well. He pardoned Chen and recalled Wei, while ordering Gu and Wang (for whom he had created a Yongping Circuit (
3848:
1852:
1232:
urged against such action, believing the plans to be too drastic, Cui accused Wang of being in league with the powerful eunuchs Zhu Daobi (
1307:
Cui, in turn, was in communications with Zhu, plotting to restore the emperor. He also persuaded the Shence Army officer Sun Dezhao (
3901:
1557:
1228:, the official the emperor was making the comment to) was planning with Cui to slaughter the eunuchs. When Cui's fellow chancellor
1152:
The actions of Li Maozhen, Wang Xingyu, and Han, in turn, drew a strong reaction from Li Keyong, who launched his army, crossed the
1104:, were heavily influencing imperial governance, such that the emperor would not dare to carry out any measures that they opposed.
3896:
3613:
940:) under siege, forcing Zhu's army to withdraw. Li Kuangwei and Helian's armies were also repelled by Li Keyong's adoptive sons
3886:
3730:
2203:
3891:
3881:
3832:
3584:
3804:
3800:
3622:
3402:
3906:
3792:
718:) of Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered at Beijing). (At that time, Lulong Circuit was actually governed by the warlord
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3324:
3308:
3289:
3254:
3235:
3212:
3193:
3166:
3147:
3131:
3094:
3046:
3011:
3513:
3073:
1583:
1451:), and Li Keyong, asking them to start a campaign against Zhu Quanzhong, but his orders drew no immediate reactions.
1565:
3796:
3788:
890:)—one of the most powerful warlords of the realm and archrival to the also powerful Zhu Quanzhong—as both Zhu and
2177:
1561:
756:
658:
1280:, Liu Jishu led Shence Army troops into the palace and forced Emperor Zhaozong to yield the throne to his son
3828:
3525:
3270:
3115:
1514:), but Zhu later blamed it on Zhu Yougong and Shi and forced them to commit suicide. Emperor Zhaozong's son
1094:, Emperor Zhaozong launched a campaign against Li Maozhen, with Du in charge of the logistics and Li Sizhou (
1519:
638:
3606:
3450:
1615:
872:
726:
in 880. While on this flight, Li Jie, who was then 13, ran out of energy and requested a horse from the
40:
3381:
695:, whose mother was a different Consort Wang, it might have been that he was raised by Li Yan's mother.)
965:
3663:
3648:
1771:
1289:
118:
3780:
3715:
3705:
3700:
3680:
2145:
2119:
1546:
941:
3772:
3720:
3690:
3674:
3653:
3643:
3638:
1550:
727:
619:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3824:
3820:
3812:
3776:
3740:
3735:
3725:
3710:
3695:
3685:
3599:
2841:
2316:
1747:
1711:
1429:) the mayor of Jingzhao Municipality (京兆, i.e., the Chang'an region) and the officer Chen Ban (
1120:
784:
692:
684:
630:
626:
266:
58:
3808:
3784:
3768:
3669:
3633:
2262:
751:) wanted Li Jie to succeed Emperor Xizong, so Emperor Xizong issued an edict creating Li Jie
3468:
862:); he was subsequently delivered to Zhu, who then delivered him to Chang'an to be executed.
2942:
1687:
1657:
1353:
1146:
8:
3876:
3871:
2898:
2858:
1783:
1699:
1281:
1086:
and Wuding (武定, headquartered in modern Hanzhong) Circuits, while making the chancellor
3750:
2915:
1819:
1515:
666:
163:
68:
3482:
830:, formerly the Tang military governor of Fengguo Circuit (奉國, headquartered in modern
3580:
1157:
126:
3432:
3520:
3508:
3110:
3068:
611:
551:
523:
479:
451:
407:
379:
335:
296:
2979:
1277:
203:
151:
1186:
Zhaozong initially agreed and prepared to head for Fu Prefecture (鄜州, in modern
3591:
3532:
3410:
3089:
1639:
1473:
1313:) to join his cause, and Sun in turn persuaded his fellow officers Dong Yanbi (
1293:
1124:
1108:
812:
572:
500:
428:
356:
1090:
the military governor of Fengxiang. Despite the misgivings of the chancellor
3865:
3337:
1836:, of the Li clan (昭儀 李氏, d. 22 September 904), personal name Jianrong (漸榮/渐荣)
1621:
1460:
815:
the military governor of Shannan West Circuit (山南西道, headquartered in modern
792:
748:
650:
903:), then also under Li Keyong's control, from the southeast; Li Kuangwei and
2905:
2877:
2848:
2812:
1285:
1153:
995:
Chang'an against the emperor, along with his adoptive nephew Yang Shouxin (
827:
752:
615:
558:
486:
414:
342:
256:
1068:) the military governor of Tianxiong Circuit (天雄, headquartered in modern
1627:
1609:
1465:
1440:
1358:
1101:
1091:
1051:
1021:) the military governor of Longjian Circuit (龍劍, headquartered in modern
1007:) the military governor of Jinshang Circuit (金商, headquartered in modern
891:
744:
730:
688:
244:
221:
3355:
1042:
the military governor of Fengxiang Circuit (鳳翔, headquartered in modern
856:, and in late 888 he was overthrown in a coup by his officer Shen Cong (
783:
As soon as Emperor Zhaozong took the throne, he received petitions from
1811:
1723:
1669:
1597:
1396:
1039:
931:
904:
788:
759:
723:
654:
156:
2945:, who claimed title of emperor as a new state of Dayue Luoping (大越羅平).
1476:
the military governor of Zhongyi Circuit (忠義, headquartered in modern
1443:
the military governor of Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern
1054:
the military governor of Jingnan Circuit (靜難, headquartered in modern
968:
the military governor of Zhenguo Circuit (鎮國, headquartered in modern
795:
the military governor of Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
533:
530:
461:
458:
389:
386:
309:
306:
303:
3658:
1729:
1675:
1663:
1633:
1477:
1468:
the military governor of Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern
1464:
this issue. Further, at that time, Li Maozhen, Li Jihui, Li Keyong,
1391:
1255:
1229:
1187:
1138:
1134:
1087:
945:
907:
the military governor of Datong Circuit (大同, headquartered in modern
882:
the military governor of Hedong Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern
879:
838:), had declared himself emperor at Fengguo's capital Cai Prefecture (
831:
665:. Zhu then placed Zhaozong's 13-year-old son as a puppet emperor (as
646:
625:
in 900 and restored in 901). Emperor Zhaozong was the seventh son of
622:
618:. He reigned from 888 to 904 (although he was briefly deposed by the
1535:
1137:
the military governor of Baoyi Circuit (保義, headquartered in modern
1111:
the military governor of Huguo Circuit (護國, headquartered in modern
2938:
1741:
1651:
1603:
1444:
1436:
1402:
1246:
1112:
1069:
1055:
1022:
949:
896:
867:
816:
804:
714:
1735:
1717:
1705:
1645:
1469:
1448:
1408:
1221:
1209:
1191:
1059:
1047:
1026:
1012:
973:
961:
953:
883:
853:
845:
820:
808:
800:
796:
747:(who had succeeded Tian as the surveyor of the eunuch-controlled
719:
709:
662:
634:
251:
239:
2982:
1149:, whom they perceived to be behind Emperor Zhaozong's decision.
1119:), died, precipitating a succession struggle between his nephew
1035:) the prefect of Mian Prefecture (綿州, also in modern Mianyang).
924:), but the imperial official sent to take over Zhaoyi, Sun Kui (
774:
1693:
1681:
1225:
1116:
1008:
969:
912:
908:
900:
887:
763:
1123:(the adoptive son of Wang Chongying's brother and predecessor
2885:
1481:
1182:
1142:
1073:
1043:
957:
849:
835:
1220:
Meanwhile, also rising in power at court was the chancellor
930:), was intercepted and captured by Li Keyong's adoptive son
1760:
32:
1842:
Lady of Jin, of the Ke clan (金国夫人可证), personal name Zheng
1390:
With Fengxiang under siege, Li Maozhen's holdings in the
1352:
had over the Shence Armies—that he and fellow chancellor
1244:), who served as the directors of palace communications (
1264:) the commanders of the Shence Armies, and Wang Yanfan (
3483:"Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun"
3433:"Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun"
1127:
and biological son of another brother, Wang Chongjian (
683:
Li Jie was born in 867, during the reign of his father
16:
Final emperor of the Tang dynasty of China (r. 888–904)
1062:) and Han Jian, as well as his brother Li Maozhuang (
637:, who would later become the founding emperor of the
577:
563:
505:
491:
433:
419:
361:
347:
3374:"Xidi village ancient village in the south of Anhui"
1379:) in command of the Fengxiang soldiers at Chang'an.
1133:)), whom the Huguo soldiers supported, and his son
989:
1288:. Emperor Zhaozong and his wife (Li Yu's mother)
1181:) the Prince of Yan, and Emperor Zhaozong's uncle
3863:
3621:
1403:Control by Zhu Quanzhong and movement to Luoyang
687:, in the eastern palace at the imperial capital
1107:The next point of contention came in 895, when
708:), commandant at You Prefecture (幽州, in modern
3607:
2081:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1823:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1775:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1239:
1233:
1195:
1176:
1161:
1128:
1095:
1077:
1063:
1030:
1016:
1002:
996:
981:
956:) and Fengxiang (鳳翔, headquartered in modern
935:
925:
919:
857:
839:
775:Campaigns against Chen Jingxuan and Li Keyong
738:
703:
670:
528:
456:
384:
301:
1490:), along with his adoptive son Zhu Yougong (
3356:"China Xidi-Huangshan Xidi-Welcome To Xidi"
1564:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1525:
1169:
3614:
3600:
3300:
3298:
3281:
3279:
3246:
3244:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3204:
3202:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3175:
1851:Lady, of the Pei clan (裴氏), personal name
1215:
1076:) and Wang Xingyu's brother Wang Xingyue (
31:
3158:
3156:
3084:
3082:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
1584:Learn how and when to remove this message
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3055:
2937:From 895 to 896, a large part of modern
791:, advocating that Tian Lingzi's brother
598:(March 31, 867 – September 22, 904), né
3295:
3276:
3241:
3218:
3199:
3172:
3105:
3103:
1839:Lady of Zhao, of the Chen clan (赵国夫人陈氏）
3864:
3153:
3079:
3017:
2988:
2750:
2657:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2535:
2442:
2337:
2333:
2321:
2220:
2110:
2106:
2102:
1346:
230:Xiāngzōng (襄宗) (used from 905 to ~923)
3595:
3052:
2747:
2737:
2725:
2715:
2711:
2699:
2697:
2687:
2675:
2665:
2661:
2645:
2643:
2633:
2621:
2611:
2607:
2595:
2593:
2583:
2571:
2561:
2557:
2532:
2522:
2510:
2500:
2496:
2484:
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2472:
2460:
2450:
2446:
2430:
2427:
2417:
2405:
2395:
2391:
2379:
2377:
2367:
2355:
2345:
2341:
2315:
2305:
2293:
2283:
2279:
2267:
2261:
2251:
2238:
2228:
2224:
2208:
2202:
2192:
2176:
2166:
2162:
2150:
2144:
2134:
2118:
2114:
1038:In response to the Yangs' rebellion,
3469:"Snapshot of Me: Villages of an Hui"
3451:"Two Beauties Below Yellow Mountain"
3100:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2967:
1562:adding citations to reliable sources
1529:
3579:任士英 (2005). 《正說唐朝二十一帝》 Taipei: 聯經.
78:January 24, 901 – September 22, 904
13:
2983:Chinese-Western Calendar Converter
2533:Emperor Zhaozong of Tang (867–904)
1848:, personal name Chongyan (魏国夫人 宠颜)
14:
3918:
3430:
2964:
1411:, he left his nephew Zhu Youlun (
216:(恭靈莊閔孝皇帝) (used from 905 to ~923)
3902:Assassinated Chinese politicians
2867:Emperor of China (most regions)
1534:
990:Initial conflict with Li Maozhen
633:. Later, Li Jie was murdered by
3475:
3461:
3443:
3424:
3395:
3366:
3348:
3330:
3314:
3260:
2931:
1472:), Wang Jian, Yang Xingmi, and
321:"Manifest Ancestor of the Tang"
214:Emperor Gōnglíng Zhuāngmǐn Xiào
50:April 20, 888 – December 1, 900
3897:10th-century murdered monarchs
3137:
3121:
1431:
1425:
1363:
1357:proposal, and put the eunuchs
1309:
1272:
1196:
1031:
1017:
1003:
997:
926:
704:
578:
564:
529:
506:
492:
457:
434:
420:
385:
362:
348:
302:
228:Zhāozōng (昭宗) (commonly known)
1:
3887:10th-century Chinese monarchs
3817:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
2952:
2799:
678:
3892:9th-century Chinese monarchs
3882:Emperors of the Tang dynasty
3623:Emperors of the Tang dynasty
3490:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
2957:
210:Emperor Shèngmù Jǐngwén Xìao
7:
2906:Emperor of the Tang dynasty
2849:Emperor of the Tang dynasty
2092:
1648:(893-895, 896-899, 900-904)
1496:) and officer Shi Shucong (
170:later Mǐn (敏) (changed 888)
132:
100:September 22, 904 (aged 37)
41:Emperor of the Tang dynasty
10:
3923:
3907:Murdered emperors of China
3500:
2651:
2551:
2547:
2436:
2335:
2327:
2214:
2108:
2104:
1930:; 琼王 李祥， d. 905), 12th son
1894:，遂王 李祎， d. 905), fifth son
712:), and military governor (
212:(聖穆景文孝皇帝) (commonly known)
172:later Yè (曄) (changed 889)
3766:
3757:
3629:
2912:
2903:
2895:
2882:
2874:
2865:
2855:
2846:
2838:
2833:
2808:Emperor Zhaozong of Tang
2806:
2748:Empress Gongxian (d. 867)
2731:
2713:
2705:
2681:
2663:
2659:
2627:
2609:
2601:
2577:
2559:
2555:
2516:
2498:
2490:
2466:
2448:
2444:
2411:
2393:
2385:
2361:
2343:
2339:
2299:
2281:
2273:
2245:
2226:
2222:
2186:
2164:
2156:
2128:
2112:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2055:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1917:
1908:
1899:
1890:
1881:
1872:
1863:
1824:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1776:
1754:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1419:
1413:
1375:
1369:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1266:
1260:
1240:
1234:
1177:
1162:
1129:
1096:
1078:
1064:
1050:), along with his allies
982:
936:
920:
858:
840:
739:
671:
589:
571:
557:
550:
545:
541:
522:
517:
499:
485:
478:
473:
469:
450:
445:
427:
413:
406:
401:
397:
378:
373:
355:
341:
334:
329:
325:
317:
295:
291:
284:
272:
262:
250:
238:
227:
220:
209:
202:
185:
180:
147:
142:
138:
125:
114:
104:
96:
86:
82:
74:
64:
54:
46:
39:
30:
22:Emperor Zhaozong of Tang
21:
3431:周, 倩, ed. (2015-07-07).
2924:
2204:Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
2146:Emperor Xianzong of Tang
2120:Emperor Shunzong of Tang
1924:Li Xiang, Prince Qiong (
1526:Chancellors during reign
1454:
1170:Flight to Hua Prefecture
769:
602:, name later changed to
596:Emperor Zhaozong of Tang
1300:) and retired empress (
1216:Removal and restoration
629:and younger brother of
2941:was under the rule of
2842:Emperor Xizong of Tang
2317:Emperor Yizong of Tang
1933:Li Zhen, Prince Duan (
610:, was the penultimate
1978:Li Zhi, Prince Ying (
1903:; d. 905), eighth son
1885:; d. 905), fourth son
1867:; d. 905), second son
1828:; 892–908), ninth son
1319:) and Zhou Chenghui (
1029:), and Yang Shouhou (
194:Guānghùa (光化) 898–901
192:Qíanníng (乾寧) 894–898
3455:China Digital Review
1987:Li You, Prince Cai (
1960:Li Xi, Prince Deng (
1942:Li Qi, Prince Feng (
1915:Li Zhen, Prince Ya (
1912:; d. 905), tenth son
1897:Li Mi, Prince Jing (
1876:; d. 905), third son
1870:Li Xi, Prince Qian (
1792:; d. 905), first son
1767:Consorts and Issue:
1558:improve this section
1258:and Wang Zhongxian (
2899:Li Yu, Prince of De
2859:Li Yu, Prince of De
2023:Princess Tangxing (
2020:), seventh daughter
1969:Li Hu, Prince Jia (
1921:; d. 905), 11th son
1888:Li Yi, Prince Sui (
1879:Li Yin, Prince Yi (
1795:Princess Pingyuan (
1508:) and Li Jianrong (
1361:and Zhang Yanhong (
1347:Flight to Fengxiang
1282:Li Yu, Prince of De
639:Later Liang dynasty
196:Tiānfù (天復) 901–904
190:Jǐngfú (景福) 892–893
188:Dàshùn (大順) 890–891
168:Originally Jíe (傑),
3492:. 2 December 2000.
2916:Emperor Ai of Tang
2884:Emperor of China (
2178:Empress Zhuangxian
2062:Princess Xinxing (
2041:Princess Taikang (
2014:Princess Yichang (
1951:Li Fu, Prince He (
1906:Li Qi, Prince Qi (
1861:Li Yu, Prince Di (
1804:Married Li Jikan (
1774:, of the He clan (
1678:(895-896, 896-900)
1636:(891-893, 894-900)
1238:) and Jing Wuxiu (
1175:Sizhou, Li Jiepi (
1015:), Yang Shouzhen (
700:Kaifu Yitong Sansi
3859:
3858:
3585:978-957-08-2943-3
3471:. 25 August 2012.
2922:
2921:
2913:Succeeded by
2856:Succeeded by
2796:
2795:
2080:Princess Leping (
2051:Princess Yongming
2032:Princess Deqing (
2005:Princess Xindou (
1996:Princess Xin'an (
1759:The Hu family of
1594:
1593:
1586:
1337:), and Li Jihui (
1302:Taishang Huanghou
1278:ladies in waiting
1158:Qinling Mountains
593:
592:
585:
584:
552:Standard Mandarin
513:
512:
480:Standard Mandarin
441:
440:
408:Standard Mandarin
369:
368:
336:Standard Mandarin
280:
279:
234:
233:
109:He Mausoleum (和陵)
3914:
3761:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3593:
3592:
3521:New Book of Tang
3509:Old Book of Tang
3494:
3493:
3487:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3457:. July 27, 2015.
3447:
3441:
3440:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3409:. Archived from
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3380:. Archived from
3370:
3364:
3363:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3334:
3328:
3318:
3312:
3302:
3293:
3283:
3274:
3267:New Book of Tang
3264:
3258:
3248:
3239:
3229:
3216:
3206:
3197:
3187:
3170:
3160:
3151:
3141:
3135:
3125:
3119:
3111:New Book of Tang
3107:
3098:
3086:
3077:
3069:Old Book of Tang
3065:
3050:
3040:
3015:
3005:
2986:
2977:
2946:
2935:
2896:Preceded by
2875:Preceded by
2839:Preceded by
2829:
2828:22 September 904
2822:
2804:
2803:
2428:Empress Yuanzhao
2263:Empress Xiaoming
2098:
2097:
2085:
2084:
2076:
2075:
2071:Princess Pu'an (
2067:
2066:
2058:
2057:
2046:
2045:
2037:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2019:
2018:
2010:
2009:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1991:
1983:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1965:
1964:
1956:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1920:
1919:
1911:
1910:
1902:
1901:
1893:
1892:
1884:
1883:
1875:
1874:
1866:
1865:
1827:
1826:
1810:, 李继偘),a son of
1809:
1808:
1800:
1799:
1791:
1790:
1779:
1778:
1589:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1569:
1538:
1530:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1343:) respectively.
1342:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1292:were honored as
1275:
1274:
1270:) and Xue Qiwo (
1269:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1199:
1198:
1180:
1179:
1165:
1164:
1132:
1131:
1099:
1098:
1081:
1080:
1067:
1066:
1034:
1033:
1020:
1019:
1006:
1005:
1000:
999:
985:
984:
939:
938:
929:
928:
923:
922:
861:
860:
843:
842:
742:
741:
707:
706:
674:
673:
581:
580:
567:
566:
543:
542:
537:
536:
509:
508:
495:
494:
471:
470:
465:
464:
437:
436:
423:
422:
399:
398:
393:
392:
365:
364:
363:T'ang Chao-tsung
351:
350:
327:
326:
313:
312:
282:
281:
276:Empress Gongxian
198:Tiānyòu (天佑) 904
140:
139:
35:
26:
19:
18:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3911:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3625:
3620:
3590:
3514:vol. 20, part 1
3503:
3498:
3497:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3429:
3425:
3416:
3414:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3387:
3385:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3319:
3315:
3303:
3296:
3284:
3277:
3265:
3261:
3249:
3242:
3230:
3219:
3207:
3200:
3188:
3173:
3161:
3154:
3142:
3138:
3126:
3122:
3108:
3101:
3087:
3080:
3074:vol. 20, part 1
3066:
3053:
3041:
3018:
3006:
2989:
2980:Academia Sinica
2978:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2949:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2918:
2909:
2901:
2890:
2880:
2869:
2861:
2852:
2844:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2797:
2095:
1765:
1757:
1590:
1579:
1573:
1570:
1555:
1539:
1528:
1457:
1405:
1349:
1294:retired emperor
1218:
1172:
992:
777:
772:
681:
318:Literal meaning
229:
215:
213:
211:
204:Posthumous name
197:
195:
193:
191:
189:
187:
186:Lóngjì (龍紀) 889
176:
173:
171:
169:
160:
110:
91:
24:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3920:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3857:
3856:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3672:
3667:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3619:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3596:
3589:
3588:
3577:
3533:Zizhi Tongjian
3529:
3517:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3474:
3460:
3442:
3437:English Rednet
3423:
3403:"Xidi Village"
3394:
3378:China Escapade
3365:
3347:
3338:"Xidi Village"
3329:
3321:Zizhi Tongjian
3313:
3305:Zizhi Tongjian
3294:
3286:Zizhi Tongjian
3275:
3259:
3251:Zizhi Tongjian
3240:
3232:Zizhi Tongjian
3217:
3209:Zizhi Tongjian
3198:
3190:Zizhi Tongjian
3171:
3163:Zizhi Tongjian
3152:
3144:Zizhi Tongjian
3136:
3128:Zizhi Tongjian
3120:
3099:
3090:Zizhi Tongjian
3078:
3051:
3043:Zizhi Tongjian
3016:
3008:Zizhi Tongjian
2987:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2854:
2845:
2840:
2836:
2835:
2834:Regnal titles
2831:
2830:
2810:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
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1772:Empress Xuanmu
1756:
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1474:Zhao Kuangning
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1109:Wang Chongying
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680:
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1620:
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1599:
1596:
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1548:
1543:This section
1541:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1461:Zhu Quanzhong
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1360:
1355:
1344:
1331:), Li Yanbi (
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
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1283:
1279:
1257:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1231:
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1045:
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967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
933:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
889:
885:
881:
876:
874:
869:
863:
855:
854:Zhu Quanzhong
851:
847:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
793:Chen Jingxuan
790:
786:
781:
767:
765:
761:
758:
754:
750:
749:Shence Armies
746:
734:
732:
729:
725:
721:
717:
716:
711:
701:
696:
694:
690:
686:
676:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
651:Chen Jingxuan
648:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
621:
617:
613:
609:
606:and again to
605:
601:
597:
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349:Táng Zhāozōng
346:
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337:
333:
328:
324:
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316:
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298:
294:
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286:Tang Zhaozong
283:
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133:§ Family
130:
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99:
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92:March 31, 867
89:
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81:
77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
38:
34:
29:
20:
3805:N. Dynasties
3801:S. Dynasties
3745:
3531:
3519:
3507:
3489:
3477:
3463:
3454:
3445:
3436:
3426:
3415:. Retrieved
3411:the original
3406:
3397:
3386:. Retrieved
3382:the original
3377:
3368:
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3350:
3341:
3332:
3320:
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3304:
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3139:
3127:
3123:
3109:
3088:
3067:
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2904:
2883:
2878:Qin Zongquan
2866:
2847:
2825:
2821:31 March 867
2818:
2811:
2050:
1845:
1833:
1766:
1758:
1580:
1571:
1556:Please help
1544:
1458:
1406:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1350:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1286:Crown Prince
1252:
1245:
1219:
1206:
1202:
1173:
1154:Yellow River
1151:
1106:
1084:
1037:
993:
978:
917:
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828:Qin Zongquan
825:
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778:
753:crown prince
735:
713:
699:
697:
682:
643:
616:Tang dynasty
607:
603:
599:
595:
594:
559:Hanyu Pinyin
487:Hanyu Pinyin
415:Hanyu Pinyin
343:Hanyu Pinyin
285:
3797:16 Kingdoms
3677:(2nd reign)
3666:(2nd reign)
2813:House of Li
1846:Lady of Wei
1628:Cui Zhaowei
1610:Du Rangneng
1520:Later Liang
1466:Liu Rengong
1459:Meanwhile,
1441:Yang Xingmi
1397:Gao Jichang
1359:Han Quanhui
1102:Cui Zhaowei
1092:Du Rangneng
1052:Wang Xingyu
892:Li Kuangwei
745:Yang Fugong
731:Tian Lingzi
614:of China's
222:Temple name
152:Family name
55:Predecessor
3877:904 deaths
3872:867 births
3866:Categories
3789:3 Kingdoms
3417:2018-05-05
3407:Meet China
3388:2018-05-05
3360:China Xidi
2953:References
2943:Dong Chang
2800:Succession
1812:Li Maozhen
1780:; d. 906)
1732:(902, 902)
1724:Lu Guangqi
1670:Lu Xisheng
1660:(894, 895)
1598:Wei Zhaodu
1290:Empress He
1040:Li Maozhen
932:Li Cunxiao
905:Helian Duo
789:Gu Yanlang
780:to Li Ye.
762:served as
760:Wei Zhaodu
757:chancellor
724:Huang Chao
679:Background
667:Emperor Ai
659:chancellor
655:Li Maozhen
573:Wade–Giles
501:Wade–Giles
429:Wade–Giles
357:Wade–Giles
164:Given name
69:Emperor Ai
3664:Zhongzong
3659:Wu Zetian
3649:Zhongzong
2958:Citations
2319:(833–873)
2239:Zheng You
2206:(810–859)
2180:(763–816)
2148:(778–820)
2122:(761–806)
2059:; d. 906)
1744:(903-904)
1738:(902-903)
1730:Wei Yifan
1726:(901-902)
1714:(901-903)
1708:(900-903)
1696:(896-897)
1684:(895-897)
1676:Wang Tuan
1664:Li Zhirou
1642:(892-894)
1634:Xu Yanruo
1630:(891-895)
1624:(889-892)
1618:(888-891)
1616:Zhang Jun
1612:(888-893)
1545:does not
1478:Xiangyang
1392:Guanzhong
1256:Liu Jishu
1230:Wang Tuan
1139:Sanmenxia
1135:Wang Gong
1088:Xu Yanruo
946:Li Siyuan
942:Li Cunxin
880:Li Keyong
873:Zhang Jun
832:Zhumadian
785:Wang Jian
647:Li Keyong
623:Liu Jishu
181:Era dates
143:Full name
121:(m. –904)
65:Successor
3746:Zhaozong
3731:Xuānzong
3716:Jingzong
3706:Xianzong
3701:Shunzong
3681:Xuanzong
3536:, vols.
3325:vol. 266
3309:vol. 263
3290:vol. 264
3271:vol. 207
3255:vol. 261
3236:vol. 260
3213:vol. 259
3194:vol. 258
3167:vol. 256
3148:vol. 254
3132:vol. 252
3095:vol. 265
3047:vol. 262
3012:vol. 257
2939:Zhejiang
2910:901–904
2891:888–900
2870:888–900
2853:888–900
2265:(d. 865)
2093:Ancestry
1858:Unknown
1814:, in 903
1742:Dugu Sun
1700:Cui Yuan
1652:Zheng Qi
1604:Kong Wei
1445:Yangzhou
1437:Li Jihui
1254:eunuchs—
1247:Shumishi
1113:Yuncheng
1070:Tianshui
1056:Xianyang
1023:Mianyang
966:Han Jian
950:Xianyang
897:Changzhi
868:Kong Wei
817:Hanzhong
805:Mianyang
715:Jiedushi
689:Chang'an
435:Li Chieh
115:Consorts
3721:Wenzong
3691:Daizong
3675:Ruizong
3654:Ruizong
3644:Gaozong
3639:Taizong
3526:vol. 10
3501:Sources
3116:vol. 77
1984:，颖王 李禔)
1948:，丰王 李祁)
1777:宣穆皇后 何氏
1748:Liu Can
1736:Su Jian
1718:Pei Shu
1712:Wang Pu
1706:Pei Zhi
1646:Cui Yin
1566:removed
1551:sources
1470:Beijing
1449:Huainan
1409:Daliang
1222:Cui Yin
1210:Luoyang
1192:Shaanxi
1121:Wang Ke
1060:Shaanxi
1048:Shaanxi
1027:Sichuan
1013:Shaanxi
974:Shaanxi
962:Shaanxi
954:Shaanxi
884:Taiyuan
846:Kaifeng
821:Shaanxi
809:Sichuan
801:Sichuan
797:Chengdu
720:Li Keju
710:Beijing
663:Cui Yin
635:Zhu Wen
612:emperor
524:Chinese
452:Chinese
380:Chinese
297:Chinese
252:Dynasty
3829:W. Xia
3741:Xizong
3736:Yizong
3726:Wuzong
3711:Muzong
3696:Dezong
3686:Suzong
3583:
2824:
2086:，乐平公主)
2068:，新兴公主)
2029:/唐兴公主)
1853:Zhenyi
1834:Zhaoyi
1825:哀皇帝 李柷
1820:Li Zhu
1789:德王 李𥙿
1755:Family
1694:Zhu Pu
1682:Sun Wo
1516:Li Zuo
1226:Han Wo
1188:Yan'an
1117:Shanxi
1009:Ankang
970:Weinan
913:Shanxi
909:Datong
901:Shanxi
888:Shanxi
764:regent
728:eunuch
705:開府儀同三司
693:Li Yan
653:, and
620:eunuch
604:Li Min
600:Li Jie
579:Li Yeh
507:Li Min
493:Lǐ Mǐn
446:Li Min
421:Lǐ Jíe
374:Li Jie
273:Mother
263:Father
105:Burial
90:Li Jie
3773:Shang
3670:Shang
3634:Gaozu
3486:(PDF)
2925:Notes
2886:Henan
2826:Died:
2819:Born:
1990:蔡王 李佑
1981:穎王 李禔
1972:嘉王 李祜
1963:登王 李禧
1954:和王 李福
1945:豐王 李祁
1936:端王 李禎
1927:瓊王 李祥
1918:雅王 李禛
1909:祁王 李祺
1900:景王 李秘
1891:遂王 李禕
1882:沂王 李禋
1873:虔王 李禊
1864:棣王 李祤
1784:Li Yu
1750:(904)
1688:Lu Yi
1672:(895)
1666:(895)
1658:Li Xi
1654:(894)
1482:Hubei
1455:Death
1354:Lu Yi
1183:Li Zi
1147:Li Xi
1143:Henan
1074:Gansu
1044:Baoji
958:Baoji
850:Henan
836:Henan
770:Reign
608:Li Ye
565:Lǐ Yè
518:Li Ye
240:House
127:Issue
75:Reign
47:Reign
3845:Qing
3841:Ming
3837:Yuan
3825:Song
3821:Liao
3813:Tang
3777:Zhou
3581:ISBN
2083:樂平公主
2074:普安公主
2065:新興公主
2056:永明公主
2044:太康公主
2035:德清公主
2026:唐興公主
2017:益昌公主
2008:信都公主
1999:新安公主
1855:(贞一)
1798:平原公主
1761:Xidi
1549:any
1547:cite
1284:the
944:and
787:and
257:Tang
131:See
97:Died
87:Born
3853:PRC
3849:ROC
3833:Jīn
3809:Sui
3793:Jìn
3785:Han
3781:Qin
3769:Xia
3574:265
3570:264
3566:263
3562:262
3558:261
3554:260
3550:259
3546:258
3542:257
3538:252
1807:李繼偘
1560:by
1511:李漸榮
1505:裴貞一
1499:氏叔琮
1493:朱友恭
1487:蔣玄暉
1426:鄭元規
1420:朱友諒
1414:朱友倫
1376:李繼筠
1370:嚴遵美
1364:張彥弘
1340:李繼誨
1334:李彥弼
1328:李繼昭
1322:周承誨
1316:董彥弼
1310:孫德昭
1273:薛齊偓
1267:王彥範
1261:王仲先
1241:景務脩
1235:朱道弼
1178:李戒丕
1130:王重簡
1097:李嗣周
1079:王行約
1065:李茂莊
1032:楊守厚
1018:楊守貞
1004:楊守忠
998:楊守信
921:安居受
852:),
823:).
159:(李)
25:唐昭宗
3868::
3851:/
3847:→
3843:→
3839:→
3835:→
3831:/
3827:/
3823:/
3819:→
3815:→
3811:→
3807:→
3803:/
3799:→
3795:/
3791:→
3787:→
3783:→
3779:→
3775:→
3771:→
3751:Ai
3572:,
3568:,
3564:,
3560:,
3556:,
3552:,
3548:,
3544:,
3540:,
3524:,
3512:,
3488:.
3453:.
3435:.
3405:.
3376:.
3358:.
3340:.
3323:,
3307:,
3297:^
3288:,
3278:^
3269:,
3253:,
3243:^
3234:,
3220:^
3211:,
3201:^
3192:,
3174:^
3165:,
3155:^
3146:,
3130:,
3114:,
3102:^
3093:,
3081:^
3072:,
3054:^
3045:,
3019:^
3010:,
2990:^
2966:^
2888:)
1801:)
1522:.
1480:,
1447:,
1432:陳班
1197:華州
1190:,
1163:邠州
1141:,
1115:,
1072:,
1058:,
1046:,
1025:,
1011:,
983:永平
972:,
960:,
952:,
937:潞州
927:孫揆
911:,
899:,
886:,
859:申叢
848:,
841:蔡州
834:,
819:,
807:,
799:,
766:.
740:李保
672:和陵
661:,
649:,
641:.
245:Li
166::
157:Lǐ
154::
3760:唐
3615:e
3608:t
3601:v
3587:.
3576:.
3528:.
3516:.
3439:.
3420:.
3391:.
3362:.
3344:.
3327:.
3311:.
3292:.
3273:.
3257:.
3238:.
3215:.
3196:.
3169:.
3150:.
3134:.
3118:.
3097:.
3076:.
3049:.
3014:.
2985:.
2077:)
2053:(
2047:)
2038:)
2011:)
2002:)
1993:)
1975:)
1966:)
1957:)
1939:)
1587:)
1581:(
1576:)
1572:(
1568:.
1554:.
1296:(
737:(
702:(
534:曄
531:李
462:敏
459:李
390:傑
387:李
310:宗
307:昭
304:唐
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