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394:. The king, born in 1817, was no less than forty-one years older than Emma; indeed, all three of his children from his first marriage were older than her. Two of his three sons were still alive at the time of Emma's wedding, and the match was not motivated by the need to produce an heir. The marriage was suggested during William's visit to Pyrmont in 1878. Emma was one of several daughters of a minor German prince, with very moderate marriage prospects, and her parents were enthused by the idea that their daughter would become a queen on her wedding day. Emma, raised in a loving and conservative family, acceded to the wishes of her beloved parents without demur. Immediately after the engagement, she began receiving lessons in the Dutch language.
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political world fairly quickly with good advisors, particularly Jhr J. Röell and Jhr GCJ van Reenen. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks to keep herself informed of all political issues, and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She used the trust she gained by respecting the constitutional forms and her influence on political issues she cared about, which resulted in compromises where she often managed to get her way. One statesman commented that Emma was efficient because she combined a strong will with soft forms, something they had not been used to.
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370:. Her upbringing has been described as fairly informal, though with a focus on a sense of duty. She was given an interest in social work early on due to the charity work she became involved in already as young, and an interest in medical work due to the illness of her eldest sister, who suffered from tuberculosis. Emma was described as tactful, sensible, and engaging.
466:, with whom she had a tense relationship, in favor of G. van Tienhoven. In 1894 she was convinced by Tak van Poortvliet to dissolve Parliament. When a new cabinet was to be sworn in, she refused until she had read and approved of their political program. In 1897, she demanded that both the Liberal parties were to be included in the new cabinet and the
503:
On 31 August 1898 her daughter, Queen
Wilhelmina, reached legal majority and Queen Emma thereby retired from regency on Wilhelmina's inauguration on 6 September. In her farewell speech as regent, she expressed her wish that The Netherlands should continue to be great in the way small nations could
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In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter. When
Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepared for her job as a reigning queen. During her government, she took
458:
a century before, and the first woman to rule the
Kingdom of the Netherlands. She took her position of regent seriously. Her task was not simple, since William had antagonized many politicians with his autocratic ways. She managed to establish better relations between the royal house and the
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As queen mother Emma continued to attend to public royal representational duties, supporting her daughter and son-in-law, and was a well known figure in her black widow lace. She was called "queen of charity" and especially engaged in improvement of the conditions for those suffering from
420:. When her last surviving stepson Alexander, Prince of Orange died in 1884, her daughter became heiress to the throne. This changed Emma's position, since it was likely that her daughter would succeed while yet a minor, in which case Emma herself would be regent during the minority.
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was to continue, before she agreed to have the new government sworn in. She wrote and held her speeches in Dutch, and engaged herself in the Dutch
Colonial Empire, attending the military parades and celebrations associated with Imperial achievements.
409:, the youngest of whom was seven years older than Emma. Maurice had died in childhood, but the other two were alive to receive their step-mother. Six months after the wedding, Crown Prince William died in France of a combination of
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Emma continued to live with her daughter until
Wilhelmina's marriage to Henry of Mecklenburg in 1901, after which she moved to her own residence Lange Voorhout in The Hague. When her granddaughter
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was born in 1909, it was declared that in case
Juliana succeeded to the throne as a minor, her grandmother Emma should be regent rather than her father.
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Wilhelmina on tours through the provinces to visit local charities, hospitals, churches and factories and acquaint
Wilhelmina with her future duties.
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tuberculosis. She retired from public life when her granddaughter
Juliana was declared adult and started to participate in public duties in 1927.
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After the death of his youngest son, the king retired from public life due to his health conditions, and Emma undertook the task of nursing him.
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for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency until
Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898. The
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Emma had a religious education from a very liberal-minded pastor. With her
English governess, Emma studied
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Redactie, Emma Wilhelmine Therese van Waldeck-Pyrmont, in: Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland. URL:
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As regent Emma presided over three cabinets. In 1891, Emma refused to appoint the suggested minister
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In August 1880, Emma became a mother with the birth of what would be her only child, the future
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H.M. (koningin Emma) koningin Adelheid Emma Wilhelmina Theresia, prinses van Waldeck en Pyrmont
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355:, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.
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Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers
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1457:, Vienna: Druck und Verlag der K.K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1918, p. 328
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268:(Adelheid Emma Wilhelmina Theresia; 2 August 1858 – 20 March 1934) was
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1613:"พระราชทานเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ที่ประเทศยุโรป (ต่อแผ่นที่ ๕ หน้า ๖๔)"
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Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in
788:
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332:, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister,
1373:
http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Emma
615:
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220:
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Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie
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Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became
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on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife,
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Princess Emma married the much older King William III at
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Emma was the first woman to rule The Netherlands since
1678:
Newspaper clippings about Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
292:, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898.
1583:"Real orden de Damas Nobles de la Reina Maria Luisa"
1505:. Paris: Archives & Culture. pp. 500, 597.
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Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
2701:
People from the Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
2162:
1969:
1500:
451:, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.
316:, the capital of the small German principality of
2761:Grand Crosses of the Order of the House of Orange
2756:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau
1435:Staatsalmanak voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
397:The king had three sons from his first marriage,
2781:Burials in the Royal Crypt at Nieuwe Kerk, Delft
2771:Grand Cordons of the Order of the Precious Crown
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1533:(in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1886, p.
1003:Princess Emma of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
2751:Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
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1380:
2644:Helena, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Oldenburg
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2351:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
1938:
1814:
1437:, 1921, "Koninkrijk Huis der Nederlanden" p.
915:Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
1377:
1099:Frederick William, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg
941:George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
236:George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
2608:Pauline, Princess of Bentheim and Steinfurt
1468:"Liste des Membres de l'Ordre de Léopold",
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322:Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
2791:Recipients of the Order of Saint Catherine
2536:Princesses of Waldeck and Pyrmont by birth
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1547:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1486:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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595:Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Family
29:
16:Queen of the Netherlands from 1879 to 1890
1531:Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (supp.)
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1277:Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen
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883:George II, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
832:Ancestors of Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
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537:
522:on 20 March 1934, of complications from
482:
430:
377:
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2628:Elisabeth, Princess of Erbach-Schönberg
1571:(in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. p. 157.
1332:
1157:Burgravine Louise Isabelle of Kirchberg
857:George I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
759:
597:: Grand Cross of the Imperial Austrian
182: 1879; died 1890)
2673:
2613:Marie, Princess William of Württemberg
2587:Augusta, Princess of Stolberg-Stolberg
1472:(in French), Bruxelles, 1899, p.
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643:National Order of the Legion of Honour
2592:Hermine, Princess of Schaumburg-Lippe
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280:. An immensely popular member of the
1601:
1561:
1401:Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe
526:at the age of 75, and was buried in
2766:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
2486:María Teresa Mestre y Batista-Falla
1781:Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg
1519:
533:
70:20 November 1890 – 6 September 1898
46:Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg
13:
2746:Dames of the Order of Saint Isabel
2721:Grand ducal consorts of Luxembourg
2376:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
1035:Princess Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg
798:Order of the Royal House of Chakri
456:Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau
353:Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau
326:Princess Helena of Nassau-Weilburg
14:
2802:
2731:Princesses of Waldeck and Pyrmont
2706:Queens consort of the Netherlands
2566:Ida, Princess of Schaumburg-Lippe
1662:
320:. She was the fourth daughter of
211:Adelheid Emma Wilhelmina Theresia
55:7 January 1879 – 23 November 1890
2571:Mathilde, Duchess of Württemberg
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2017:
1749:Queen consort of the Netherlands
1674:at the Dutch Royal House website
807:
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690:
683:House Order of the Wendish Crown
672:
659:German Imperial and Royal Family
652:
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608:
588:
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42:Queen consort of the Netherlands
2466:Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau
1791:Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau
1589:(in Spanish). 1898. p. 178
1575:
1555:
1245:Princess Pauline of Württemberg
570:Cross of Merit of the Red Cross
547:National orders and decorations
478:
179:
61:Queen regent of the Netherlands
2618:Emma, Queen of the Netherlands
2481:Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium
2311:Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy
1494:
1461:
1393:
753:: Grand Cross of the Imperial
679:Mecklenburg Grand Ducal Family
575:Foreign orders and decorations
338:Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany
168:William III of the Netherlands
1:
2741:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
2550:Caroline, Duchess of Courland
1869:Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
1861:Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
1764:Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
1609:Royal Thai Government Gazette
1325:
554:Order of the Netherlands Lion
347:Her maternal grandfather was
304:Emma with her family ca. 1864
295:
196:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
2786:Daughters of princes regnant
2726:House of Waldeck and Pyrmont
1700:House of Waldeck and Pyrmont
1695:Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
566:Order of the House of Orange
7:
2437:Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
2063:Margaret, Countess of Blois
1877:Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
1682:20th Century Press Archives
1501:M. & B. Wattel (2009).
1061:Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
823:
739:Order of Queen Saint Isabel
702:Order of the Precious Crown
464:Johannes Tak van Poortvliet
435:Emma and Wilhelmina in 1890
278:King-Grand Duke William III
274:Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
266:Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
24:Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
10:
2807:
2716:19th-century women regents
2711:Regents of the Netherlands
2361:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
2331:Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska
2187:Joanna, Duchess of Brabant
2141:Joanna, Duchess of Brabant
1842:Máxima Zorreguieta Cerruti
1537:– via hathitrust.org
1476:– via hathitrust.org
1219:Prince Paul of Württemberg
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778:Order of Queen Maria Luisa
542:Coat of arms of Queen Emma
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382:Wilhelm III and Queen Emma
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2399:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
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1982:
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1672:Koningin Emma (1858–1934)
1618:(in Thai). Archived from
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1183:Princess Helena of Nassau
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2456:House of Nassau-Weilburg
2216:House of Valois-Burgundy
1470:Almanach Royale Belgique
755:Order of Saint Catherine
374:Queen of the Netherlands
270:Queen of the Netherlands
2696:People from Bad Arolsen
2427:Anna Pavlovna of Russia
1909:Hortense de Beauharnais
1893:Anna Pavlovna of Russia
1125:William, Duke of Nassau
814:Turkish Imperial Family
751:Russian Imperial Family
735:Portuguese Royal Family
718:Persian Imperial Family
284:, Queen Emma served as
2776:Deaths from bronchitis
2476:Felix of Bourbon-Parma
2471:Marie Anne of Portugal
2412:House of Orange-Nassau
2286:Marie Louise d'Orléans
1999:Clementia of Aquitaine
1646:Cite journal requires
1587:Guía Oficial de España
816:: Grand Cordon of the
700:: Grand Cordon of the
618:: Grand Cordon of the
560:Order of Orange-Nassau
543:
500:
436:
383:
340:, the youngest son of
305:
2432:Sophie of Württemberg
2422:Wilhelmine of Prussia
2291:Maria Anna of Neuburg
2053:House of Hohenstaufen
2009:Ermengarde of Zutphen
1901:Wilhelmine of Prussia
1885:Sophie of Württemberg
1742:Sophie of Württemberg
681:: Grand Cross of the
641:: Grand Cross of the
541:
486:
449:Adolf, Duke of Nassau
434:
392:Sophie of Württemberg
381:
303:
134:Lange Voorhout Palace
2691:19th-century regents
2371:Maria Luisa of Spain
2321:House of Wittelsbach
2256:Isabella of Portugal
2226:Isabella of Portugal
2136:Anna von Schweidnitz
2116:Elizabeth of Bohemia
2038:Laurette of Flanders
2004:Mathilde of Northeim
1830:Dutch royal consorts
1705:Cadet branch of the
118:German Confederation
2736:Dutch queen mothers
2276:Elisabeth of France
2266:Elisabeth of Valois
2121:Beatrice of Bourbon
2111:Margaret of Brabant
2106:Beatrice of Avesnes
1971:County of Luxemburg
564:Grand Cross of the
558:Grand Cross of the
552:Grand Cross of the
318:Waldeck and Pyrmont
226:Waldeck and Pyrmont
114:Waldeck and Pyrmont
2281:Mariana of Austria
2164:Duchy of Luxemburg
1771:as Prince consort
1760:Title next held by
1738:Title last held by
1399:David Williamson,
1388:History of Holland
1386:George Edmundson,
622:(civil division),
599:Order of Elizabeth
544:
501:
437:
384:
336:, was the wife of
330:Prince Friedrich I
306:
288:for her daughter,
282:Dutch Royal Family
35:Queen Emma in 1882
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2341:House of Habsburg
2261:Mary I of England
2251:Joanna of Castile
2241:House of Habsburg
2192:Joanna of Bavaria
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2126:Blanche of Valois
2043:Agnes of Guelders
1994:Hedwig of Nordgau
1920:
1919:
1853:Claus van Amsberg
1797:
1796:
1788:Succeeded by
1774:
1512:978-2-35077-135-9
1451:"Elisabeth-orden"
1322:
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368:French literature
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2301:House of Bourbon
2231:Margaret of York
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2177:House of Limburg
2173:
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2159:
2158:
2091:House of Limburg
2021:
1980:
1979:
1966:
1965:
1947:
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1933:
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1708:House of Waldeck
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1369:
838:
837:
829:
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818:Order of Charity
812:
811:
802:7 September 1897
792:
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733:
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722:Order of the Sun
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677:
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665:, 1st Division,
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620:Order of Leopold
614:
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593:
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586:
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534:Honours and arms
504:show greatness.
418:Queen Wilhelmina
351:, a grandson of
328:. Her brother,
290:Queen Wilhelmina
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2271:Anna of Austria
2243:
2235:
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2201:
2179:
2167:
2145:
2131:Anne of Bavaria
2101:Margaret of Bar
2093:
2085:
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2013:
1986:
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1960:
1951:
1921:
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1793:
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1625:on 4 March 2016
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698:Empire of Japan
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663:Order of Louise
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536:
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334:Princess Helena
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2653:9th Generation
2650:
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2637:6th Generation
2634:
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2601:5th Generation
2598:
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2459:(1890–present)
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2073:House of Namur
2069:
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2028:House of Namur
2024:
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2016:
2014:
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2011:
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1996:
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1962:
1961:
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1846:(2013–present)
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1663:External links
1661:
1658:
1657:
1648:|journal=
1611:(7 May 1899).
1600:
1574:
1554:
1527:"Luisen-orden"
1518:
1511:
1493:
1460:
1442:
1424:
1405:
1403:(1988), p. 101
1392:
1390:(2013), p. 421
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796:: Dame of the
784:
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741:
737:: Dame of the
725:
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687:
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685:
661:: Dame of the
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480:
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428:
425:
388:Arolsen Castle
375:
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342:Queen Victoria
310:Arolsen Castle
297:
294:
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131:(aged 75)
125:
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106:Arolsen Castle
94:
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1729:Royal titles
1727:
1723:20 March 1934
1722:
1716:2 August 1858
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1562:刑部芳則 (2017).
1558:
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1168:
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1152:
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1120:
1119:
1116:
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1110:
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1103:
1100:
1094:
1093:
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1089:
1072:
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1062:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1009:
1004:
998:
997:
994:
993:
988:
987:
982:
981:
978:
972:
971:
968:
967:
954:
953:
948:
947:
942:
936:
935:
932:
931:
926:
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920:
919:
916:
910:
909:
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895:
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868:
867:
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861:
858:
852:
840:
839:
836:
835:
831:
830:
819:
815:
810:
805:
803:
799:
795:
790:
785:
783:
782:29 March 1880
779:
775:
770:
758:
756:
752:
747:
742:
740:
736:
731:
726:
723:
719:
709:
707:
703:
699:
688:
684:
680:
670:
669:
668:
664:
660:
655:
650:
648:
647:December 1896
644:
639:
627:
625:
621:
617:
606:
604:
600:
596:
584:
579:
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222:
218:
209:
204:
200:
197:
194:
192:
188:
169:
164:
160:
156:, Netherlands
155:
151:
147:
143:
140:, Netherlands
139:
135:
127:20 March 1934
126:
122:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:2 August 1858
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2659:
2617:
2436:
2401:(since 1815)
1911:
1903:
1895:
1887:
1879:
1876:
1871:
1863:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1779:
1770:
1769:
1762:
1756:
1747:
1740:
1734:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1698:
1639:cite journal
1627:. Retrieved
1620:the original
1603:
1591:. Retrieved
1586:
1577:
1564:
1557:
1530:
1521:
1502:
1496:
1469:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1434:
1419:
1408:
1400:
1395:
1387:
1060:
801:
781:
706:18 June 1898
705:
666:
646:
623:
602:
517:
513:
506:
502:
479:Queen mother
473:
461:
453:
438:
422:
415:
396:
385:
357:
346:
307:
265:
264:
129:(1934-03-20)
18:
2686:1934 deaths
2681:1858 births
2415:(1815–1890)
2364:(1780–1794)
2344:(1713–1780)
2324:(1712–1713)
2304:(1700–1712)
2244:(1482–1700)
2219:(1443–1482)
2180:(1354–1443)
2166:(1354–1794)
2094:(1247–1354)
2076:(1197–1247)
2056:(1196–1197)
2031:(1136–1189)
1912:(1806–1810)
1904:(1813–1837)
1896:(1840–1849)
1888:(1849–1877)
1880:(1879–1890)
1872:(1901–1934)
1864:(1948–1980)
1856:(1980–2002)
1565:明治時代の勲章外交儀礼
1420:arlement.nl
724:, 1st Class
667:30 May 1892
624:August 1898
150:Nieuwe Kerk
79:William III
2675:Categories
1987:(963–1136)
1973:(963–1354)
1958:Luxembourg
1785:1879–1890
1753:1879–1890
1669:(in Dutch)
1416:(in Dutch)
1326:References
774:812th Dame
524:bronchitis
497:Wilhelmina
296:Early life
99:1858-08-02
83:Wilhelmina
520:The Hague
407:Alexander
252:Signature
138:The Hague
1954:Consorts
1593:21 March
1543:citation
1482:citation
824:Ancestry
468:Aceh War
75:Monarchs
1684:of the
1680:in the
776:of the
616:Belgium
509:Juliana
499:in 1929
489:Juliana
427:Regency
403:Maurice
399:William
364:drawing
314:Arolsen
184:
176:
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110:Arolsen
67:Regency
1757:Vacant
1735:Vacant
1719:
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766:
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638:France
635:
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495:, and
487:Emma,
441:regent
411:typhus
405:, and
366:, and
360:crafts
324:, and
286:regent
242:Mother
232:Father
162:Spouse
145:Burial
52:Tenure
1721:Died:
1714:Born:
1629:8 May
1623:(PDF)
1616:(PDF)
1569:(PDF)
769:Spain
528:Delft
493:Henry
221:House
206:Names
191:Issue
178:(
174:
154:Delft
2660:none
2082:None
1652:help
1631:2019
1595:2019
1549:link
1507:ISBN
1488:link
1275:15.
1217:14.
1155:13.
1097:12.
1033:11.
975:10.
794:Siam
603:1901
272:and
124:Died
93:Born
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1181:3.
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