723:
attitudes toward consumerism, business and advertising in the 1960s showed that early in the decade, the majority of studies reflected either positive or mixed attitudes toward advertising. In contrast, studies later in the 1960s and early 1970s reflected more negative attitudes toward advertising and a growing interest in consumerism. “During the same period, Congress passed a host of consumer-minded bills, including ‘truth-in-packaging’ legislation, the
National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act and the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act that banned cigarette advertising from the broadcast media. “The executive branch of government was active as well. Presidents Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon all sent consumer messages to Congress. The position of special assistant to the President for Consumer Affairs, the Office of Consumer Affairs, the Consumer Advisory Council and the Committee on Consumer Interests were all established in that period.” Noted Zanot, “the sheer amount of consumer protection activity at the federal level during the 1960s and 1970s far surpassed that of any other period in U.S. history.” Leaders within the advertising industry were urging the development of a self-regulatory mechanism that could help calm what Zanot described as “a gathering storm of consumerism.”
588:
abilities in accordance with its Self-Regulatory
Program for Children's Advertising (the Guidelines), which hold advertisers to strict standards. CARU routinely monitors advertisements found in all media (broadcast and cable TV, radio, children's magazines, comic books, the Internet and mobile services, and more) for compliance with its Guidelines. When ads are found to be misleading, inaccurate or inconsistent with its Guidelines, CARU initiates an inquiry and examines the advertising to ensure compliance with the Guidelines. If an ad is found to be non-compliant, CARU seeks discontinuance or correction. The results of CARU inquiries are publicly recorded in the NAD/CARU Case Reports. CARU also handles advertiser challenges and consumer complaints. In 1996, CARU added a section to its Guidelines that highlight issues that are unique to the Internet including Websites directed at children under age 13 for online privacy. In January 2001, CARU's self-regulatory program became the first Federal Trade Commission-approved Safe Harbor under the federal Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998
416:, an independent non-profit organization that oversees more than a dozen national industry self-regulation programs that provide third-party accountability and dispute resolution services to companies, including outside and in-house counsel, consumers, and others in arenas such as privacy, advertising, data collection, child-directed marketing, and more. The Center for Industry Self-Regulation (CISR) is BBB National Programs' 501(c)(3) non-profit foundation. CISR supports responsible business leaders in developing fair, future-proof best practices, and the education of the public on the conditions necessary for industry self-regulation.
750:
Jr., then-chairman of the AAF, at a meeting of the
Chicago Advertising Club. “There are ticking sounds that we hear in all the pressure groups, congressional hearings and other forums that are meeting to decide our fate. Let's defuse them by having the strength and courage to determine our fate for ourselves,” Elting said. Eight months later, on May 13, 1971, Elting announced that the AAF, 4A's, ANA, and CBBB has formed the NARC. NARC was charged with setting policies for the NAD and NARB.
77:
248:
134:
36:
448:(CARU): a self-regulatory program and the nation's first Safe Harbor Program under the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act, that helps companies comply with laws and guidelines that protect children from deceptive or inappropriate advertising and ensure that, in an online environment, children's data is collected and handled responsibly.
575:
If the NAD determines the advertiser made a reasonable attempt to comply, but there are still concerns outstanding, the NAD will work with the advertiser to address those concerns. Should the NAD determine that no effort was made to comply, or that the advertisers is unwilling to make further modifications NAD deems necessary, the
758:
In 2019, ASRC folded into BBB National
Programs, a new independent non-profit organization established as a result of the restructuring of the Council of Better Business Bureaus. The self-regulatory programs defined on this page including NAD, NARB, CARU, DSSRC, AUTO LINE, and others are divisions of BBB National Programs.
679:
NARB is the appeals board for the
National Advertising Division (NAD), Children's Advertising Review Unit (CARU), and the Direct Selling Self Regulatory Council (DSSRC). When an advertiser or challenger disagrees with an NAD, DSSRC, or CARU recommendation, they may appeal the decision to the NARB for
490:
Parties may appeal decisions reached by NAD and CARU to NARB, the appellate body. Decisions reached by the self-regulatory system's investigative and appellate units are publicly reported through a press release. In addition, the decisions reported by NAD and CARU also are compiled 10 times each year
435:
BBB National
Programs is a member of the International Council for Advertising Self-Regulation (ICAS), a global organization that promotes effective self-regulation of advertising around the world. Mary K. Engle, who previously served as the Associate Director of the Division of Advertising Practices
753:
By 1972, the NAD had received or initiated 444 complaints and was struggling against a continuing tide of criticism. By 1973, though, that criticism had begun to abate. As Zanot reported, the organization received an “unexpected boost” when FTC Commissioner Mary
Gardiner Jones, a consumer advocate,
574:
Should an advertiser refuse to participate, NAD will to refer the advertiser to the appropriate regulatory agency. NAD's findings are detailed in the final decision and outlined in a press release. In addition, NAD regularly monitors closed cases to ensure that advertisers comply with NAD decisions.
757:
In 2012, the
National Advertising Review Council (NARC), rebranded as the Advertising Self-Regulatory Council (ASRC). The new name and new brand were designed to offer an explicit statement about the mission and purpose of the organization—to advance the self-regulation of the advertising industry.
749:
In his monograph, Zanot reported that Howard Bell, then-president of the AAF American
Advertising Federation and current chairman of the NARB, “became a catalyst in the development of new self-regulatory measures.” Zanot also excerpted a speech delivered in September 1970 by the late Victor Elting,
477:
Digital
Advertising Accountability Program (DAAP): developed by the Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) to enforce industry self-regulation principles for data privacy in online and mobile advertising, holding companies accountable to the DAA's Privacy Principles. DAAP provides guidance to companies
469:
Children's Confection Advertising Initiative (CCAI): modeled after CFBAI, is a self-regulation program for small- and medium-sized confectionery companies created in partnership with the National Confectioners Association to help improve the landscape of food advertising to children. CCAI companies
451:
On April 19, 2022, the team behind CARU expanded into the teen space, launching the Teenage Privacy Program roadmap, which urges companies to tell teens ages 13 to 17 what kind of personal information is collected or inferred about them and what privacy controls are available to them. It also calls
608:
Advertisers have special responsibilities when advertising to children or collecting data from children online. They should take into account the limited knowledge, experience, sophistication and maturity of the audience to which the message is directed. They should recognize that younger children
722:
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a new consumer-protection movement had found its voice and legislators and regulators were listening. In his academic monograph, “The National Advertising Review Board, 1971-1976,” detailed the troubled commercial climate of the times: “Public opinion surveys of
461:
Global Privacy Program: The Global Privacy Program manages both the BBB EU Privacy Shield program and APEC certification programs. In January 2021, BBB National Programs became the first U.S.-based nonprofit accountability agent in the APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) Cross Border Privacy
546:
NAD cases often originate through a challenge filed by one advertiser against the advertising claims made by a competing advertiser. In addition, NAD monitors national advertising and investigates complaints filed by consumers and advocacy groups or referred by local Better Business Bureaus. The
485:
Dispute Resolution Program for Verizon Wireless Customers: supports Verizon Wireless customers who need arbitration services for a dispute with Verizon Wireless of $ 10,000 or less. Before a customer can request arbitration, they must provide Verizon Wireless with written notice at least 30 days
441:
National Advertising Review Board (NARB): the appellate body for BBB National Programs’ advertising self-regulatory programs (NAD, CARU, and DSSRC). NARB's panel members include 87 volunteer professionals from the national advertising industry, agencies, and public members, such as academics and
542:
In cooperation with the Council for Responsible Nutrition, NAD expanded its review of advertising for dietary supplements, a nearly $ 25 billion industry that is frequently criticized for misleading advertising. The program closed more than 360 cases concerning claims made in dietary supplement
465:
Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CFBAI): a self-regulation pledge program created to improve the landscape of food advertising to children. CFBAI works with leading food, beverage, and quick service restaurant companies to set and implement Uniform Nutrition Standards, which
491:
into the “NAD/CARU Case Reports.” As of 2010, more than 5,000 self-regulatory decisions are included in the NARC Online Archive. The case reports and archive are not public, however; access to the archive is $ 6900.00 a year, even though procedures state that final case decisions are public.
587:
The Children's Advertising Review Unit (CARU) was established in 1974 for the promotion of responsible advertising to children under the age of 13 in all media. CARU reviews and evaluates advertising for truth, accuracy, appropriateness and sensitivity to children's still developing cognitive
481:
Coalition for Better Advertising Dispute Resolution Program: an independent dispute resolution program for participants of the Better Ads Experience Program. The program helps enforce the Better Ads Standards, which identify optimal online advertising formats to create a better experience for
457:
BBB EU Privacy Shield: an independent recourse mechanism (IRM) for the U.S. Department of Commerce Privacy Shield program. This independent, third-party dispute resolution program enables U.S. businesses to demonstrate that their trans-Atlantic data transfers are consistent with European data
776:
On June 15, 2021 BBB National Programs was the recipient of the Best Sectoral Initiative award for the DIrect Selling Self-Regualtory Council, an initiative developed to promote truth and transparency in the direct selling industry including effective proactive monitoring of the marketplace.
761:
The International Association of Better Business Bureaus (IABBB) and BBB National Programs are two separate organizations. While both organizations are focused on promoting trust and ethical business practices, they operate independently of each other and have different areas of focus.
504:, taste tests, pricing claims and disclosures. Through its unique window on the marketplace, NAD identifies hot issues in advertising and promotion. NAD's decisions assist advertisers in anticipating and responding to the challenges that new products and new media can pose.
499:
The National Advertising Division (NAD), established in 1971, is charged with monitoring and evaluating truth and accuracy in national advertising. The NAD examines and evaluates a wide range of advertising claims, including puffery, consumer surveys, product testing and
631:
Advertisers are encouraged to capitalize on the potential of advertising to serve an educational role and influence positive personal qualities and behaviors in children, e.g., being honest and respectful of others, taking safety precautions, and engaging in physical
555:
describe and explain the filing deadlines and requirements for submissions from challengers and advertisers. NAD examines advertising to determine whether the evidence provided by the advertiser fully supports the advertising claims at issue in an NAD review.
635:
Although there are many influences that affect a child's personal and social development, it remains the prime responsibility of the parents to provide guidance for children. Advertisers should contribute to this parent-child relationship in a constructive
473:
Direct Selling Self-Regulatory Council (DSSRC): provides independent, impartial monitoring, dispute resolution, and enforcement of false product claims and income representations made by direct selling companies and their salesforce members across digital
713:
The BBB National Programs Board of Directors support and inform the development of new systems of independent industry self-regulation, helping industries moderate conduct to improve marketplace behavior for the ultimate benefit of consumers.
462:
Rules and Privacy Recognition for Processors systems. Through this program, the organization works one on one with companies of all sizes doing business in the 21 economies to demonstrate compliance with the CBPR and PRP program requirements.
431:
National Advertising Division (NAD): provides independent self-regulation and dispute resolution services. NAD reviews national advertising in all media and its decisions set consistent standards for advertising truth and accuracy.
697:
NARB members are nominated for their stature and experience in their respective fields. If an NAD, DSSRC, or CARU decision is appealed, a five-member NARB panel is chosen to review the decisions. All NARB decisions are published.
640:
In July 2021, CARU issued revised guidelines for responsible advertising to children which went into effect January 1, 2022. The core principles of the CARU Advertising Guidelines remained the same, but the revised Guidelines:
566:
Second, the NAD may determine that the substantiation is not sufficient to support the advertising claims and recommend the claims be modified in current and future advertising to better reflect the evidence in the
628:
Advertisers should avoid social stereotyping and appeals to prejudice, and are encouraged to incorporate minority and other groups in advertisements and to present positive role models whenever possible.
592:
of 1998 (COPPA). Participants who adhere to CARU's Guidelines are deemed in compliance with COPPA and essentially insulated from FTC enforcement action as long as they comply with program requirements.
1204:
663:
Remove the children’s privacy guidelines, included in the CARU Advertising Guidelines since 1996, to a separate document, the CARU Self-Regulatory Guidelines for Children’s Online Privacy Protection.
543:
advertising. The program ended on July 1, 2020. The NAD opens hundreds of cases each year and more than 95 percent of the advertisers that appear before NAD voluntarily comply with NAD's decisions.
428:
BBB AUTO LINE: a dispute resolution program that offers both mediation and arbitration to resolve business-to-consumer automotive warranty, lemon law, class action, and dealer manufacturer disputes.
609:
have a limited capacity to evaluate the credibility of information, may not understand the persuasive intent of advertising, and may not even understand that they are being subject to advertising.
601:
CARU's Self-Regulatory Guidelines are deliberately subjective, going beyond the issues of truthfulness and accuracy to take into account the uniquely impressionable and vulnerable child audience.
831:"The NARC Online Archives is a paid for subscription that is only accessible through our website. ... An annual subscription is $ 6900" (Click "Subscribe to NARC Online Archives" to display.)
742:(CBBB). In 2009, the NARC Board of Directors was expanded to include the chief executive officers of the Direct Marketing Association (DMA), Electronic Retailing Association (ERA), and
1263:
977:
570:
Third, the NAD may conclude that the evidence is wholly insufficient to support the claims. In that circumstance, the NAD will recommend that the advertising claims be discontinued.
773:'s self-regulatory body until June 2019. As of June 2019, BBB National Programs' National Advertising Division (NAD) is the U.S. advertising industry's self-regulatory body.
17:
1268:
683:
In 2023, BBB National Programs announced the 91 panel pool members of the 2023 National Advertising Review Board. Members are nominated from three different categories:
452:
on companies to consider measures such as defaulting to more privacy-protective settings for teens and putting guardrails around messaging or sharing content with teens.
746:(IAB). The 11-member Board set policies and procedures for advertising industry self-regulation. The CBBB provided third-party oversight of the self-regulatory system.
619:
Advertisers should have adequate substantiation for objective advertising claims, as those claims are reasonably interpreted by the children to whom they are directed.
579:
allow the NAD to refer the advertiser to the appropriate regulatory agency. NAD cases are closely watched by national advertisers and by the advertising industry.
258:
710:
as President and Chief Executive Officer on November 4, 2019. His appointment follows a June 1, 2019 reorganization resulting in the establishment of BBB NP.
1208:
657:
Apply to children under age 13 across all child-directed content no matter the platform. The previous Guidelines applied primarily to children under age 12.
144:
800:
707:
1100:
158:
of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be
1135:
974:
731:
589:
273:
1157:
Morrison, Maureen, " NARC Nixed; Name Changed to Advertising Self-Regulatory Council Adland's Self-Policing Unit Opts for Clear Name",
1086:
651:
Contain a new guideline requiring that advertising not portray or encourage negative social stereotyping, prejudice, or discrimination.
1278:
210:
1273:
814:
783:
Prior to ASRC, the organization's name was National Advertising Review Council (NARC). The organization changed its name in 2012.
182:
49:
881:
445:
189:
563:
First, the NAD may find that the evidence provided by the advertiser fully supports or substantiates the claim under review.
1055:
668:
470:
commit to not advertising confections to children under age 13. The most recent company to join was Hostess in April 2022.
1124:
735:
866:
1006:
466:
specify the science-based nutritional criteria for foods and beverages that can be advertised to children under age 13.
196:
313:
295:
229:
115:
63:
178:
1034:
727:
277:
93:
743:
86:
478:
looking to comply with industry principles and responds to complaints filed by consumers about online privacy.
155:
660:
More clearly spell out the factors that determine when an ad is primarily directed to children under age 13.
622:
Advertising should not stimulate children's unreasonable expectations about product quality or performance.
613:
1030:
960:
Stevenson, Seth, "How New is 'New?' How Improved is 'Improved?' The People Who Keep Advertisers Honest",
1190:
843:
1018:
151:
97:
55:
1002:
167:
1288:
1283:
942:
424:
The self-regulatory system includes the following investigative, enforcement, and appellate units:
383:
203:
1176:
1027:
507:
Since its inception, NAD has examined advertising claims for a wide range of products, including:
739:
265:
645:
Move beyond television-centric to address and reflect today’s digital advertising environment.
501:
926:
Latimer, Hugh; Kuzin, John, " The NAD: A Primary Forum For Resolving Advertising Disputes",
770:
625:
Products and content inappropriate for children should not be advertised directly to them.
8:
780:
In 2022, BBB National Programs was referenced in OECD's report Dark Commercial Patterns.
612:
Advertising should be neither deceptive nor unfair, as these terms are applied under the
458:
protection rules and is a recognized Independent Recourse Mechanism under Privacy Shield.
436:
at the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), currently serves as the US representative of ICAS.
1205:"The National Advertising Review Council is Now the Advertising Self-Regulatory Council"
947:
913:
898:
818:
388:
163:
559:
The NAD can be expected to make one of three determinations for every claim at issue.
1080:
159:
754:
declared the system to be “a self-regulatory effort of truly historic proportions.”
878:
1113:
1014:
1010:
1159:
981:
885:
526:
92:
It may require cleanup to comply with Knowledge's content policies, particularly
1062:
648:
Contain a new section dedicated to in-app and in-game advertising and purchases.
961:
269:
549:
The Advertising Industry's Process of Self-Regulation, Policies and Procedures
1257:
1038:
654:
Incorporate updated FTC guidance on endorsements and influencer marketing.
405:
346:
671:
Regarding Advertising Practices Directed to Children in the Metaverse.
911:
Clifford, Stephanie, " Notice Those Ads on Blogs? Regulators Do To",
896:
Clifford, Stephanie, " Best Soup Ever? Suits Over Ads Demand Proof",
1248:
927:
706:
BBB National Programs, Inc. (BBB NP) announced the appointment of
693:
Public Members (academics and other members of the public sector)
351:
150:
Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing
1233:
801:"New Teen Data Roadmap Seeks to Fill Gap in Kids' Privacy Law"
401:
604:
The Guidelines are based upon the following core principles:
1101:"Children's Ad Guidelines Apply in Metaverse, Watchdog Says"
844:"CRN and NAD Continue Commitment to Self-Regulatory Efforts"
1238:
511:
Products promoted as "green" or environmentally beneficial
1264:
Self-regulatory organizations of the advertising industry
1243:
1191:"ICAS announces winners of the 2021 Global Awards • ICAS"
1042:
535:
Building supplies and home repair and renovation products
1146:
85:
A major contributor to this article appears to have a
1207:(Press release). ASRC. April 23, 2012. Archived from
1177:"The Council of Better Business Bureaus Restructures"
815:"National Advertising Review Council Online Archives"
582:
145:
notability guidelines for companies and organizations
984:, New York 31 October 2009. Retrieved on 2010-06-27.
902:, New York 22 November 2009. Retrieved on 2010-06-27
674:
276:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
932:, New York, 1 January 2009. Retrieved on 2010-06-27
1269:Self-regulatory organizations in the United States
1019:
1163:, New York 23 April 2012. Retrieved on 2012-05-28
951:, New York, 19 June 2009. Retrieved on 2010-06-27
917:New York, 10 August 2009. Retrieved on 2010-06-27
877:Klein, Sheldon,“Is NAD the Right Forum For You?”
1255:
995:Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998
551:by the National Advertising Review Council. The
547:course of NAD review proceedings is detailed in
494:
517:Over-the-counter drugs and dietary supplements
667:On August 23, 2022, CARU issued a Compliance
732:American Association of Advertising Agencies
18:Electronic retailing self-regulation program
943:"Dell Calls ‘Green’ MacBook Ads Misleading"
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
616:, to the children to whom it is directed.
314:Learn how and when to remove this message
296:Learn how and when to remove this message
230:Learn how and when to remove this message
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
964:, 12 July 2009. Retrieved on 2010-06-27.
590:Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
419:
14:
1256:
1085:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
973:Klara, Robert, “The Plug Stops Here”,
406:https://www.industryselfregulation.org
257:contains content that is written like
1171:
1169:
726:NARC was established in 1971 by the
596:
442:former members of the public sector.
241:
127:
70:
29:
1249:National Advertising Review Council
1234:Advertising Self-Regulatory Council
767:Advertising Self-Regulatory Council
736:Association of National Advertisers
24:
1166:
1024:Tooltip Public Law (United States)
583:Children's Advertising Review Unit
446:Children's Advertising Review Unit
25:
1300:
1227:
675:National Advertising Review Board
335:501(c)(6) non-profit organization
45:This article has multiple issues.
1279:Advertising in the United States
1239:Electronic Retailing Association
486:before arbitration is requested.
246:
132:
96:. Please discuss further on the
75:
34:
1274:Retail processes and techniques
1197:
1183:
1151:
1140:
1129:
1118:
1107:
1093:
1048:
987:
967:
954:
728:American Advertising Federation
53:or discuss these issues on the
935:
929:Metropolitan Corporate Counsel
920:
905:
890:
871:
860:
836:
807:
793:
744:Interactive Advertising Bureau
13:
1:
786:
701:
495:National Advertising Division
1244:Direct Marketing Association
614:Federal Trade Commission Act
7:
402:https://www.bbbprograms.org
10:
1305:
717:
152:reliable secondary sources
141:The topic of this article
1003:United States federal law
738:(ANA) and the Council of
514:Infant nutrition products
397:
376:
368:
360:
339:
331:
143:may not meet Knowledge's
769:(ASRC) was the American
384:Industry self-regulation
884:March 26, 2012, at the
740:Better Business Bureaus
179:"BBB National Programs"
502:product demonstrations
420:Self-regulatory units
414:BBB National Programs
327:BBB National Programs
278:neutral point of view
94:neutral point of view
771:advertising industry
690:Advertising Agencies
687:National Advertisers
523:Broadband technology
520:Consumer electronics
1211:on October 15, 2013
680:additional review.
328:
270:promotional content
27:American non-profit
980:2010-03-05 at the
975:Brandweek Magazine
948:The New York Times
914:The New York Times
899:The New York Times
821:on 22 October 2010
389:Dispute Resolution
326:
272:and inappropriate
147:
597:CARU’S Guidelines
411:
410:
324:
323:
316:
306:
305:
298:
240:
239:
232:
214:
142:
126:
125:
118:
89:with its subject.
68:
16:(Redirected from
1296:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1067:
1061:. Archived from
1060:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1043:October 21, 1998
1025:
1021:
991:
985:
971:
965:
958:
952:
939:
933:
924:
918:
909:
903:
894:
888:
875:
869:
864:
858:
857:
855:
854:
840:
834:
833:
828:
826:
817:. Archived from
811:
805:
804:
797:
527:Functional foods
329:
325:
319:
312:
301:
294:
290:
287:
281:
259:an advertisement
250:
249:
242:
235:
228:
224:
221:
215:
213:
172:
136:
135:
128:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
87:close connection
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1289:Self-regulation
1284:Business ethics
1254:
1253:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1214:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1193:. 15 June 2021.
1189:
1188:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1160:Advertising Age
1156:
1152:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1056:"Archived copy"
1054:
1053:
1049:
1023:
992:
988:
982:Wayback Machine
972:
968:
959:
955:
941:Ensha, Azadeh,
940:
936:
925:
921:
910:
906:
895:
891:
886:Wayback Machine
879:Arent Fox, LLP.
876:
872:
865:
861:
852:
850:
842:
841:
837:
824:
822:
813:
812:
808:
799:
798:
794:
789:
720:
704:
677:
599:
585:
538:Energy services
497:
422:
393:
356:
320:
309:
308:
307:
302:
291:
285:
282:
263:
251:
247:
236:
225:
219:
216:
173:
171:
149:
137:
133:
122:
111:
105:
102:
91:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1302:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1229:
1228:External links
1226:
1223:
1222:
1196:
1182:
1165:
1150:
1139:
1136:complaint form
1128:
1117:
1106:
1092:
1047:
1028:105–277 (text)
1007:15 U.S.C.
986:
966:
962:Slate Magazine
953:
934:
919:
904:
889:
870:
859:
835:
806:
791:
790:
788:
785:
719:
716:
708:Eric D. Reicin
703:
700:
695:
694:
691:
688:
676:
673:
665:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
638:
637:
633:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
610:
598:
595:
584:
581:
572:
571:
568:
564:
540:
539:
536:
533:
530:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
496:
493:
488:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:
453:
443:
439:
438:
437:
429:
421:
418:
409:
408:
399:
395:
394:
392:
391:
386:
380:
378:
374:
373:
370:
366:
365:
362:
358:
357:
355:
354:
349:
343:
341:
337:
336:
333:
322:
321:
304:
303:
274:external links
254:
252:
245:
238:
237:
140:
138:
131:
124:
123:
106:September 2023
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1301:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1192:
1186:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1132:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1114:Eric J. Zanot
1110:
1102:
1096:
1088:
1082:
1068:on 2010-07-16
1064:
1057:
1051:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1022:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1005:, located at
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
983:
979:
976:
970:
963:
957:
950:
949:
944:
938:
931:
930:
923:
916:
915:
908:
901:
900:
893:
887:
883:
880:
874:
868:
863:
849:
845:
839:
832:
820:
816:
810:
802:
796:
792:
784:
781:
778:
774:
772:
768:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
724:
715:
711:
709:
699:
692:
689:
686:
685:
684:
681:
672:
670:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
642:
634:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
611:
607:
606:
605:
602:
594:
591:
580:
578:
569:
565:
562:
561:
560:
557:
554:
550:
544:
537:
534:
531:
529:and beverages
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
509:
508:
505:
503:
492:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
450:
449:
447:
444:
440:
434:
433:
430:
427:
426:
425:
417:
415:
407:
403:
400:
396:
390:
387:
385:
382:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
318:
315:
300:
297:
289:
279:
275:
271:
267:
261:
260:
255:This article
253:
244:
243:
234:
231:
223:
212:
209:
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
188:
184:
181: –
180:
176:
175:Find sources:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
146:
139:
130:
129:
120:
117:
109:
99:
95:
90:
88:
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
1213:. Retrieved
1209:the original
1199:
1185:
1158:
1153:
1142:
1131:
1120:
1109:
1095:
1070:. Retrieved
1063:the original
1050:
1011:§§ 6501
998:
994:
989:
969:
956:
946:
937:
928:
922:
912:
907:
897:
892:
873:
862:
851:. Retrieved
847:
838:
830:
823:. Retrieved
819:the original
809:
795:
782:
779:
775:
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
734:(AAAA), the
725:
721:
712:
705:
696:
682:
678:
666:
639:
603:
600:
586:
576:
573:
558:
552:
548:
545:
541:
506:
498:
489:
423:
413:
412:
369:Headquarters
332:Company type
310:
292:
286:October 2023
283:
268:by removing
264:Please help
256:
226:
220:October 2023
217:
207:
200:
193:
186:
174:
112:
103:
84:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
1033:, 112
848:BBBPrograms
825:22 November
730:(AAF), the
347:Advertising
156:independent
1258:Categories
1072:2010-07-09
1041:, enacted
853:2021-06-30
787:References
702:Leadership
577:Procedures
553:Procedures
482:consumers.
474:platforms.
372:McLean, VA
266:improve it
190:newspapers
164:redirected
50:improve it
632:activity.
532:Cosmetics
154:that are
98:talk page
56:talk page
1125:partners
1081:cite web
1039:2581-728
978:Archived
882:Archived
377:Services
340:Industry
1215:May 28,
1020:Pub. L.
1001:) is a
718:History
669:Warning
636:manner.
567:record.
398:Website
361:Founded
352:Privacy
204:scholar
168:deleted
1037:
1026:
1009:
206:
199:
192:
185:
177:
160:merged
1066:(PDF)
1059:(PDF)
1035:Stat.
1031:(PDF)
999:COPPA
211:JSTOR
197:books
166:, or
1217:2012
1087:link
1015:6506
993:The
827:2012
765:The
364:1971
183:news
1147:FTC
867:pdf
1260::
1168:^
1083:}}
1079:{{
1045:).
945:,
846:.
829:.
404:,
162:,
59:.
1219:.
1179:.
1103:.
1089:)
1075:.
1017:(
1013:–
997:(
856:.
803:.
317:)
311:(
299:)
293:(
288:)
284:(
280:.
262:.
233:)
227:(
222:)
218:(
208:·
201:·
194:·
187:·
170:.
148:.
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
100:.
66:)
62:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.