281:. Now grown, Orestes and Pylades travel to Electra and her husband's house. Orestes keeps his identity hidden from Electra, claiming to be messengers of Orestes. He uses his anonymity to determine Electra's loyalty to him and Agamemnon before he reveals his plans for revenge. After some time it is clear that Electra is passionate about avenging the death of their father. At this point the aged servant who brought Orestes to Phocis years before enters the play. He recognizes Orestes because of the scar on his brow and the siblings are reunited.
47:
320:), Electra recognizes her brother by a series of tokens: a lock of his hair, a footprint he leaves at Agamemnon's grave, and an article of clothing she had made for him years earlier. Euripides' own recognition scene clearly ridicules Aeschylus' account. In Euripides' play (510ff.), Electra laughs at the idea of using such tokens to recognize her brother because: there is no reason their hair should match; Orestes' footprint would in no way resemble her smaller footprint; and it would be
285:
days ago, knowing this will bring
Clytemnestra to her house. A messenger arrives and describes Orestesâ successful murder of Aegisthus. Orestes and Pylades return bearing Aegisthusâ body. As Clytemnestra approaches, Orestes begins to waver on his decision to murder their mother. Electra convinces Orestes that he must fulfill his duty to Agamemnon and murder their mother. When Clytemnestra arrives, Orestes and Electra lure her into the house, where they thrust a sword into her throat.
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They begin to plot how they will murder both
Aegisthus and Clytemnestra. The aged servant explains that Aegisthus is currently in his stables, preparing to sacrifice oxen for a feast. Orestes goes to confront Aegisthus while Electra sends the aged servant to tell Clytemnestra that she had a son ten
253:
The play begins with the introduction of
Electra, the daughter of Clytemnestra and the late Agamemnon. Several years after Agamemnon's death, suitors began requesting Electra's hand in marriage. Out of fear that Agamemnon's child might seek revenge, Clytemnestra and Aegisthus married her off to a
691:
292:, appear. They tell Electra and Orestes that their mother received just punishment but their matricide was still a shameful act, and they instruct the siblings on what they must do to atone and purge their souls.
262:. In return for his kindness, Electra helps her husband with the household chores. Despite her appreciation for her husband's kindness, Electra resents being cast out of her house and laments to the
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Orestes is instead recognized from a scar he received on the forehead while chasing a doe in the house as a child (571-74). This is a mock-heroic allusion to a scene from
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19.428-54, the nurse
Eurycleia recognizes a newly returned Odysseus from a scar on his thigh that he received as a child while on his first boar hunt. In the
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trilogy (produced in 458 BC) is evident in
Euripides' construction of the recognition scene between Orestes and Electra, which mocks Aeschylus' play. In
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345:, Orestes' return to Argos and taking revenge for his father's death is held up several times as a model for Telemachus' behavior (see
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193:) is a play probably written in the mid 410s BC, likely before 413 BC. It is unclear whether it was first produced before or after
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1967; Tarkow 1981; Halporn 1983. For a general study of allusions to Homer in Greek tragedy, see Garner 1990.
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The two leave the house, filled with grief and guilt. As they lament, Clytemnestra's deified brothers,
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2001. "Womenâs Speech in Greek
Tragedy: The Case of Electra and Clytemnestra in Euripidesâ Electra."
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Gallagher, Robert L. 2003. "Making the
Stronger Argument the Weaker: Euripides, Electra 518-41."
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1999â2000. "Try to Make it Real
Compared to What? Euripidesâ Electra and the Play of Genres."
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for a grown
Orestes to still have a piece of clothing made for him when he was a small child.
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Raeburn, David. 2000. "The
Significance of Stage Properties in Euripidesâ Electra."
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Arnott, W. G. 1993. "Double the Vision: A Reading of Euripides' Electra (1981)" In
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Tarkow, T. 1981. "The Scar of Orestes: Observations on a Euripidean Innovation."
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Garvie, Alexander F. 2012. "Three Different Electras in Three Different Plots."
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heroic boar hunt, Euripides instead invents a semi-comic incident involving a
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Wohl, Victoria. 2015. "How to Recognise a Hero in Euripidesâ Electra."
258:. The peasant is kind to her and has respected her family name and her
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Hammond, N. G. L. 1985. "Spectacle and Parody in Euripidesâ Electra."
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This article is about the play by Euripides. For other uses, see
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Morwood, J. H. W. 1981. "The Pattern of the Euripides Electra."
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about her struggles with her drastic change in social status.
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233:. While his sacrifice allowed the Greek army to set sail for
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From Homer to Tragedy: The Art of Allusion in Greek Poetry.
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Years before the start of the play, near the start of the
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Electra and Orestes: Three Recognitions in Greek Tragedy.
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Upon Agamemnon's murder, Clytemnestra and Aegisthus put
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Gellie, G. H. 1981. "Tragedy and Euripidesâ Electra."
316:(whose plot is roughly equivalent to the events in
529:Greek Tragedy. Greece and Rome Studies, Volume II
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52:Orestes, Electra and Hermes at Agamemnon's tomb.
277:, where he became friends with the king's son,
622:Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies
557:Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies
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677:has original text related to this article:
610:Amsterdam: Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Mij.
429:M. MacDonald and J. M. Walton, 2004 â verse
237:, it led to a deep resentment in his wife,
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405:Emily Townsend Vermeule, 1958 â verse
411:J. Lembke & K.J. Reckford, 1994
372:Edward P. Coleridge, 1891 â prose:
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1392:Plays based on classical mythology
704:A.E. Haigh (1896). "The Electra".
574:Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies
27:Ancient Greek tragedy by Euripides
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1225:(1909, Strauss/von Hofmannsthal)
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500:"Electra, adapted from Euripides"
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229:in order to appease the goddess
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1387:Greek plays adapted into films
726:The Tragic Drama of the Greeks
707:The Tragic Drama of the Greeks
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432:G. Theodoridis, 2006 â prose:
378:Aurthur S. Way, 1896 â verse:
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581:American Journal of Philology
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396:and John McLean, 1936 - prose
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659:Resources in other libraries
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1382:Plays set in ancient Greece
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716:Theatre Database (online).
696:public domain audiobook at
300:The enduring popularity of
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567:Illinois Classical Studies
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92:Farmer, husband of Electra
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408:M. J. Cropp, 1988 â verse
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1123:Mourning Becomes Electra
225:sacrificed his daughter
32:Electra (disambiguation)
1147:The Forgotten Pistolero
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1291:(c. 405 BC, Sophocles)
1283:(c. 408 BC, Euripides)
1275:(c. 413 BC, Euripides)
1163:The Travelling Players
1372:Trojan War literature
1377:Mythology of Argolis
879:The Phoenician Women
802:Children of Heracles
313:The Libation Bearers
1345:Orestes and Electra
1267:(458 BC, Aeschylus)
1248:(1967, Levy/Butler)
934:Alcmaeon in Psophis
927:Alcmaeon in Corinth
858:Iphigenia in Tauris
714:. pp. 301â303.
702:Textual criticism.
591:Classical Quarterly
536:Classical Quarterly
18:Electra (Euripides)
1367:Plays by Euripides
900:Iphigenia in Aulis
615:Rheinisches Museum
545:London: Routledge.
355:19. Instead of an
1397:Castor and Pollux
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1315:(1971, Wijesinha)
1299:(1937, Giraudoux)
1155:Electra, My Love
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919:fragmentary plays
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635:Library resources
598:Greece & Rome
541:Garner, R. 1990.
506:. 18 January 2015
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54:Side A of a
51:
1229:discography
1004:Philoctetes
969:Cresphontes
962:Bellerophon
604:Solmsen, F.
600:47:149â168.
576:25:373â387.
552:30:283â293.
485:See (e.g.)
468:, 1962 film
458:Adaptations
400:D. W. Lucas
394:Moses Hadas
254:peasant of
102:Old servant
58:red-figure
1361:Categories
1256:Literature
816:Andromache
809:Hippolytus
710:. Oxford:
675:Wikisource
510:2022-10-20
473:References
227:Iphigeneia
215:Trojan War
209:Background
125:Polydeuces
89:Characters
68:Written by
1304:The Flies
1099:Iphigenia
1095:(brother)
1087:Aegisthus
1075:Agamemnon
1011:Theristai
976:Hypsipyle
955:Archelaus
941:Andromeda
766:Euripides
764:Plays by
624:58:61â76.
443:full text
434:full text
389:full text
380:full text
374:full text
348:Telemachy
322:illogical
302:Aeschylus
260:virginity
243:Aegisthus
223:Agamemnon
195:Sophocles
173:Euripides
104:Messenger
72:Euripides
1407:Atreidai
1264:Oresteia
1214:Oresteia
1206:Idomeneo
1198:Idoménée
1107:(sister)
1101:(sister)
1083:(mother)
1077:(father)
1018:Thyestes
997:Phaethon
990:Peliades
948:Antigone
917:Lost and
844:Herakles
788:Alcestis
698:LibriVox
559:28:1â12.
307:Oresteia
221:general
128:Servants
56:Lucanian
1327:Elektra
1312:Elektra
1296:Electra
1288:Electra
1280:Orestes
1272:Electra
1222:Elektra
1179:Electra
1131:Electra
1093:Orestes
1061:Electra
983:Oedipus
893:Bacchae
886:Orestes
837:Electra
781:Cyclops
693:Electra
679:ጚλÎÎșÏÏα
640:Electra
522:Sources
487:Solmsen
465:Electra
353:Odyssey
343:Odyssey
339:Odyssey
334:Odyssey
318:Electra
279:Pylades
271:Orestes
256:Mycenae
231:Artemis
205:story.
203:Electra
201:of the
199:version
191:Älektra
187:ጚλÎÎșÏÏα
178:Electra
163:Setting
157:Tragedy
121:Pylades
99:Orestes
95:Electra
40:Electra
1190:Operas
1182:(2010)
1174:(1984)
1166:(1975)
1158:(1974)
1150:(1969)
1142:(1965)
1139:Sandra
1134:(1962)
1126:(1947)
1068:Family
907:Rhesus
823:Hecuba
637:about
606:1967.
275:Phocis
264:Chorus
217:, the
111:Castor
82:Argive
78:Chorus
60:pelike
1171:Ellie
1115:Films
872:Helen
795:Medea
550:Lexis
337:. In
329:Homer
219:Greek
153:Genre
84:women
361:fawn
357:epic
249:Plot
235:Troy
117:Mute
1337:Art
865:Ion
331:'s
1363::
502:.
363:.
304:'
197:'
189:,
185::
175:'
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
757:e
750:t
743:v
513:.
181:(
34:.
20:)
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