271:, the region stretches about 700 miles (1,100 km) from east to west across southern Mexico. The eruptive activity deposited a layer of volcanic rock some 6,000 feet thick, creating a high and fertile plateau. During summer months, the heights snag moisture-laden breezes from the Pacific Ocean; rich farmland, in turn, has made this belt the most populous region in Mexico. Though the region already boasted three of the country's four largest cities:
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climbed El
Jorullo during the Mexican portion of his scientific expedition to Spanish America. When he visited on 19 September 1803, its multiple cones were still smoldering and the air was extremely hot and filled with volcanic gases. He wrote a detailed description of the climb, noting that his
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face and those of his travel companions were burned. The volcano enriched the local soil and there was considerable vegetation. Humboldt sketched the volcano in the distance, showing multiple smoking cones. Humboldt undertook the climb with his scientific travel partner
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El
Jorullo did not develop on a corn field like ParĂcutin did, but it did destroy what had been a rich agricultural area. It grew approximately 820 feet (250 meters) from the ground in the first six weeks. The eruptions from El Jorullo were primarily
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with neither mud nor water flows. This 15 year eruption was the longest one El
Jorullo has had, and was the longest cinder cone eruption known. Lava flows can still be seen to the north and west of the volcano. The eruption had a
235:, as well as a local Basque settler RamĂłn Epelde, and two local indigenous servants, whose names have not been recorded. Humboldt noted their assistance on site. Humboldt also notes that he consulted a 1782 publication
198:. Its current elevation is 4,360 ft (1,329 m). El Jorullo has four smaller cinder cones which have grown from its flanks. The vents of El Jorullo are aligned in a northeast to southwest direction.
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El
Jorullo was first erupted on 29 September 1759. Earthquakes occurred prior to this first day of eruption. Once the volcano started erupting, it continued for 15 years, eventually ending in 1774.
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from these vents cover nine square km around the volcano. Later eruptions produced lavas that had higher silica contents making them thicker than the earlier
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El
Jorullo is one of two known volcanoes to have developed in Mexico in recent history. The second, born about 183 years later, was named
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after a nearby village that it eventually destroyed. ParĂcutin is about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of El
Jorullo.
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283:(the area around ParĂcutin, some 200 miles west of the capital), it was still a peaceful backwater inhabited by
213:. El Jorullo's crater is about 1,300 by 1,640 feet (400 by 500 m) wide and 490 feet (150 m) deep.
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Humboldt's Mexico: In the
Footsteps of the Illustrious German Scientific Traveller
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ParĂcutin and El
Jorullo both rose in an area known for its volcanoes. Called the
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377:. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press 2017, pp. 136–37.
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flows were covered by this ash fall. Later eruptions from El
Jorullo were
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in the early 1940s. The crater and lake can now be reached by car.
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Alexander von
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194:. It is about 6 miles (9.7 km) east-northeast of
319:"Michoacán-Guanajuato: Synonyms & Subfeatures"
437:. Popular Science Monthly. Retrieved 17 Apr 2008.
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431:. Volcano World. Retrieved 16 Apr 2008.
394:. Leipzig: Verlag von Otto Spamer 1870.
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443:. Bartleby.com. Retrieved 17 Apr 2008.
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488:Michoacán–Guanajuato volcanic field
192:Michoacán-Guanajuato volcanic field
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59:1,330 m (4,360 ft)
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350:"Volcán de Jorullo, Mexico"
297:List of volcanoes in Mexico
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269:Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
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386:reproduced in Echenberg,
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324:Global Volcanism Program
190:in an area known as the
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468:Volcanoes of Michoacán
463:Landforms of Michoacán
228:Alexander von Humboldt
87:18.97333°N 101.71583°W
43:El Jorullo cinder cone
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441:"El Jorullo: Credits"
435:"El Jorullo: Credits"
429:"El Jorullo: Credits"
25:Drawing of El Jorullo
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92:18.97333; -101.71583
473:Mountains of Mexico
237:Rusticatio Mexicana
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49:Highest point
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16:Mountain in Mexico
478:Pyroclastic cones
418:Humboldt's Mexico
405:Humboldt's Mexico
388:Humboldt's Mexico
373:Myron Echenberg,
208:basaltic andesite
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416:Echenberg,
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359:24 December
281:Guadalajara
273:Mexico City
173:cinder cone
134:cinder cone
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78:101°42′57″W
65:Coordinates
457:Categories
303:References
196:La Huacana
182:, central
169:El Jorullo
112:La Huacana
75:18°58′24″N
32:El Jorullo
420:, p. 144.
407:, p. 137.
285:Purépecha
218:ParĂcutin
180:Michoacán
145:1759–1774
116:Michoacán
103:Geography
55:Elevation
291:See also
257:magmatic
245:phreatic
150:Climbing
118:, Mexico
108:Location
334:27 June
204:basalts
188:Uruapan
176:volcano
123:Geology
279:, and
277:Puebla
264:of 4.
184:Mexico
211:lavas
171:is a
361:2014
336:2021
253:lava
247:and
206:and
200:Lava
162:Hike
262:VEI
178:in
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