El (deity) - Knowledge

38: 2821:, ʼĒl is introduced having an assembly of gods on Mount Lel (Lel possibly meaning "Night"), and dwelling on (or in) the fountains of the two rivers at the spring of the two deeps. He dwells in a tent according to some interpretations of the text which may explain why he had no temple in Ugarit. As to the rivers and the spring of the two deeps, these might refer to real streams, or to the mythological sources of the salt water ocean and the fresh water sources under the earth, or to the waters above the heavens and the waters beneath the earth. A few miles from the swamp from which the 3846: 252: 3051: 1943: 2985:, when used in the singular to mean the supreme god, refer to Yahweh, beside whom other gods are supposed to be either nonexistent or insignificant. Whether this was a long-standing belief or a relatively new one has long been the subject of inconclusive scholarly debate about the prehistory of the sources of the Tanakh and about the prehistory of Israelite religion. In the P strand, 3832: 3092:/monotheistic applications to Yahweh of deeds more commonly attributed to Hadad; or simply as examples of eclectic application of the same motifs and imagery to various different gods. Similarly, it is argued inconclusively whether Ēl Shaddāi, Ēl 'Ôlām, Ēl 'Elyôn, and so forth, were originally understood as separate divinities. 2391:(P) sources – were responsible for editing stories from a polytheistic religion into those of a monotheistic religion. These sources were joined together at various points in time by a series of editors or "redactors". Inconsistencies that arise between monotheism and polytheism in the texts are reflective of this hypothesis. 3682:, had by a nymph of the country named Anobret an only begotten son, whom they on this account called Iedud, the only begotten being still so called among the Phoenicians; and when very great dangers from war had beset the country, he arrayed his son in royal apparel, and prepared an altar, and sacrificed him. 3691:

the wings, that he flew while at rest, and was at rest when flying. But to each of the other gods he gave two wings upon the shoulders, as meaning that they accompanied Cronus in his flight. And to Cronus himself again he gave two wings upon his head, one representing the all-ruling mind, and one sensation.

3690:

also devised for Cronus as insignia of royalty four eyes in front and behind ... but two of them quietly closed, and upon his shoulders four wings, two as spread for flying, and two as folded. And the symbol meant that Cronus could see when asleep, and sleep while waking: and similarly in the case of

3819:

Though Sanchuniathon distinguishes Poseidon from his Elus/Cronus, this might be a splitting off of a particular aspect of ʼĒl in a euhemeristic account. Identification of an aspect of ʼĒl with Poseidon rather than with Cronus might have been felt to better fit with Hellenistic religious practice, if

3677:

It was a custom of the ancients in great crises of danger for the rulers of a city or nation, in order to avert the common ruin, to give up the most beloved of their children for sacrifice as a ransom to the avenging daemons; and those who were thus given up were sacrificed with mystic rites. Cronus

3636:

In a later passage it is explained that ʼĒl castrated Sky. One of Sky's concubines (who was given to ʼĒl's brother Dagon) was already pregnant by Sky. The son who is born of the union, called Demarûs or Zeus, but once called Adodus, is obviously Hadad, the Ba'al of the Ugaritic texts who now becomes

3119:

It seems almost certain that the God of the Jews evolved gradually from the Canaanite El, who was in all likelihood the "God of Abraham" ... If El was the high God of Abraham—Elohim, the prototype of Yahveh—Asherah was his wife, and there are archaeological indications that she was perceived as such

2801:

tells how (perhaps near the beginning of all things) ʼĒl came to shores of the sea and saw two women who bobbed up and down. ʼĒl was sexually aroused and took the two with him, killed a bird by throwing a staff at it, and roasted it over a fire. He asked the women to tell him when the bird was fully

2878:

El's characterization in Ugarit texts is not always favorable. His authority is unquestioned, but sometimes exacted through threat or roundly mocked. He is "both comical and pathetic" in a "role of impotence." But this is arguably a misinterpretation since El had complementary relationships with

2870:

The fragmentary text R.S. 24.258 describes a banquet to which ʼĒl invites the other gods and then disgraces himself by becoming outrageously drunk and passing out after confronting an otherwise unknown Hubbay, "he with the horns and tail". The text ends with an incantation for the cure for a

3025:

blessed him. One scholarly position is that the identification of Yahweh with ʼĒl is late, that Yahweh was earlier thought of as only one of many gods, and not normally identified with ʼĒl. Another is that in much of the Hebrew Bible the name El is an alternative name for Yahweh, but in the

3351:

might refer to a generic god, or to a highest god, ʼĒl. When viewed as applying to the King of Tyre specifically, the king was probably not thinking of Yahweh. When viewed as a general taunt against anyone making divine claims, it may or may not refer to Yahweh depending on the context.

4296: 2296:

However, because the word ʼĒl sometimes refers to a god other than the great god ʼĒl, it is frequently ambiguous as to whether ʼĒl followed by another name means the great god ʼĒl with a particular epithet applied or refers to another god entirely. For example, in the

2810:("Dusk"). Again ʼĒl lay with his wives and the wives gave birth to "the gracious gods", "cleavers of the sea", "children of the sea". The names of these wives are not explicitly provided, but some confusing rubrics at the beginning of the account mention the goddess 3784:

where there was an association of merchants, shipmasters, and warehousemen called the Poseidoniastae of Berytus founded in 110 or 109 BCE. Three of the four chapels at its headquarters on the hill northwest of the Sacred Lake were dedicated to Poseidon, the

2423:. Any "changes" in El's status can be explained by the randomness of available data. Tribal organizations in West Semitic culture also influenced El's portrayal as a "treaty partner" in covenants, where the clan is seen as the "kin" of the deity. 2426:

Eventually, El’s cult became central to the ethnogenesis of Iron Age Israelites but so far, scholars are unable to determine how much of the population were El worshippers. It is more likely that different locales held different views of El.

2851:

In the episode of the "Palace of Ba'al", the god Ba'al Hadad invites the "seventy sons of Athirat" to a feast in his new palace. Presumably these sons have been fathered on Athirat by ʼĒl; in following passages they seem to be the gods

3620:

Sky and Earth have separated from one another in hostility, but Sky insists on continuing to force himself on Earth and attempts to destroy the children born of such unions. At last, with the advice of his daughter Athena and the god

2284:

In northwest Semitic use, ʼĒl was a generic word for any god as well as the special name or title of a particular god who was distinguished from other gods as being "the god". ʼĒl is listed at the head of many pantheons. In some

3520:). According to Heiser, it also raises the question on why the Deuteronomists would be so careless to introduce this error, especially a few verses later, and why they didn't quickly remove them as 'intolerant monotheists'. 37: 3030:

and Priestly traditions it is considered an earlier name than Yahweh. Mark Smith has argued that Yahweh and El were originally separate, but were considered synonymous from very early on. The name Yahweh is used in

2485:'eternal' being applied to ʼĒl so early and so consistently. (However, in the Ugaritic texts, Ptah is seemingly identified rather with the craftsman god Kothar-wa-Khasis.) Yet another connection is seen with the 2418:

There is evidence that the Canaanite/Phoenician and Aramaic conception of El is essentially the same as the Amorite conception of El, which was popularized in the 18th century BCE but has origins in the

2802:

cooked, and to then address him either as husband or as father, for he would thenceforward behave to them as they called him. They saluted him as husband. He then lay with them, and they gave birth to

3669:

But on the occurrence of a pestilence and mortality Cronus offers his only begotten son as a whole burnt-offering to his father Sky and circumcises himself, compelling his allies also to do the same.

4028: 3661:

is preserved, is not interested in setting the work forth completely or in order. But we are told that ʼĒl slew his own son Sadidus (a name that some commentators think might be a corruption of

3221:-enclitic appears elsewhere in the Tanakh and in other Semitic languages. Its meaning is unknown, possibly simply emphasis. It appears in similar contexts in Ugaritic texts where the expression 3640:ʼĒl has three wives, his sisters or half-sisters Aphrodite/Astarte ('Ashtart), Rhea (presumably Asherah), and Dione (identified by Sanchuniathon with Ba'alat Gebal the tutelary goddess of 6103: 3412:(generally known as the Council of ʼĒl), as ʼĒl judging among the other members of the council. The following verses in which the god condemns those whom he says were previously named 5513: 2879:

other deities. Any “differences” they had pertained to function. For example, El and Baal were divine kings but El was the executive whilst Baal was the sustainer of the cosmos.

3100:

in 1929. But others have argued that from patriarchal times, these different names were generally understood to refer to the same single great god, ʼĒl. This is the position of

2764:("father of man"). The appellations of "eternal", "creator" and "eternal" or "ancient creator" are "characteristic designations of 'El in Canaanite myths and liturgies". He is 4223:ˀL I n. ˀl, ˀl-m R 3945/1 &c (ḏ—ws²ymm), ˀlh, d. ˀly, p. ˀlˀlt; f. ˀlt Gl 1658/5, YM 386/4, ˀlht YM 386/2, ?p.? ˀlht J2867/8 god/goddess, divinity | dieu/déesse, divinité 2794:"El" (Father of Heaven / Saturn) and his major son: "Hadad" (Father of Earth / Jupiter), are symbolized both by the bull, and both wear bull horns on their headdresses. 533: 4350:

Robert William Rogers, ed., Cuneiform Parallels to the Old Testament (New York: Eaton & Mains, & Cincinnati, Ohio: Jennings & Graham, 1912), pp. 268–278.

3088:

Such mythological motifs are variously seen as late survivals from a period when Yahweh held a place in theology comparable to that of Hadad at Ugarit; or as late

3665:, one of the epithets of the Biblical ʼĒl) and that ʼĒl also beheaded one of his daughters. Later, perhaps referring to this same death of Sadidus we are told: 7449: 1926: 3408:

This could mean that Yahweh judges along with many other gods as one of the council of the high god ʼĒl. However it can also mean that Yahweh stands in the

4032: 3820:

indeed this Phoenician Poseidon really is the ʼĒl who dwells at the source of the two deeps in Ugaritic texts. More information is needed to be certain.

3808:, elected a member to bear a crown every year when sacrifices to Poseidon took place. A banker named Philostratus donated two altars, one to Palaistine 3504:) but some scholars believe this is an attempt to portray El as a warrior god, as Israelite society grew and evolved into a nation-state. In addition, 6423: 6271: 6343: 3991: 2859:) in general or at least a large portion of them. The only sons of ʼĒl named individually in the Ugaritic texts are Yamm ("Sea"), Mot ("Death"), and 2371:"powers". In the Hebrew texts this word is interpreted as being semantically singular for "god" by biblical commentators. However, according to the 6913: 1595: 6220: 526: 6131: 3512:) already credit the deeds of El to Yahweh and that separating El and Yahweh is 'internally inconsistent' within the Book of Deuteronomy (e.g. 3073:, something not true of ʼĒl so far as scholars know (although true of his son, Ba'al Haddad). It is Yahweh who is prophesied to one day battle 6172: 4191: 2398:

is found prominently in the earliest strata of east Semitic, northwest Semitic, and south Semitic groups. Personal names including the stem

3699:(175–164 BCE) four spread wings and two folded wings, leaning on a staff. Such images continued to appear on coins until after the time of 2653:

region as a whole, ʼĒl or ʼIl was the supreme god, the father of mankind and all creatures. He also fathered many gods, most importantly

2124: 1794: 4893:

Hendel, R. S. (1992). Genesis, Book of. In D. N. Freedman (Ed.), The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (Vol. 2, p. 938). New York: Doubleday.

519: 2963:, and otherwise mostly in poetic passages or passages written in elevated prose. It occasionally appears with the definite article as 1919: 6230: 2726:(which according to Cross; is the name of a generic kind of deity, perhaps the divine ancestor of the people), ʼĒl, Dagnu (that is 3281:) he will speak outrageous things, and will prosper until the indignation is accomplished: for that which is decided will be done. 3977: 2863:, who may be the chief and leader of most of the sons of ʼĒl. Ba'al Hadad is a few times called ʼĒl's son rather than the son of 6396: 3647:

El is depicted primarily as a warrior; in Ugaritic sources Baal has the warrior role and El is peaceful, and it may be that the

2936:

is the normal word for a god or the great God (or gods, given that the 'im' suffix makes a word plural in Hebrew). But the form

6880: 6416: 5351: 3678:

then, whom the Phoenicians call Elus, who was king of the country and subsequently, after his decease, was deified as the star

7459: 6359: 6317: 6238: 6194: 6158: 6092: 6052: 6016: 5952: 5889: 5850: 5761: 5657: 5613: 5530: 5442: 5334: 5305: 5278: 5251: 5224: 5197: 5170: 5143: 5060: 5031: 5004: 4977: 4862: 4802: 4676: 4630: 4575: 4201: 3085:

in the Ugaritic texts, but not to ʼĒl. But some scholars argue that "El Shadday" reflects a conception of El as a storm god.

4151: 7439: 3765:, lord of the abyss of water under the earth. (This inscription lists ʼĒl in second place in the local pantheon, following 1912: 1588: 3304:

Son of man, say to the prince of Tyre: "Thus says the Lord Yahweh: 'Because your heart is proud and you have said: "I am

3043:", which envisions him as the "god of the steppe", may also derive from the cultural beliefs of Upper Mesopotamian (i.e. 2160: 1960: 1624: 669: 4255: 1617: 1571: 294: 4108: 6409: 5987: 5924: 5467: 4161: 1996: 7464: 5727: 2738:). Though Ugarit had a large temple dedicated to Dagon and another to Hadad, there was no temple dedicated to ʼĒl. 4915: 3508:

states that texts that were contemporaneously produced with the Book of Deuteronomy (e.g. the 8th century text of

2189:

Although ʼĒl gained different appearances and meanings in different languages over time, it continues to exist as

5327:

Dictionary of the Old Testament: Wisdom, Poetry & Writings: A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship

3104:(1973). What is certain is that the form 'El does appear in Israelite names from every period including the name 1956: 1581: 6309: 5701: 983: 289: 3267:

And the king will do according to his pleasure; and he will exalt himself and magnify himself over every god (

7474: 7469: 7329: 6673: 6437: 4245: 4147: 3435:'stars of God', referring to the circumpolar stars that never set, possibly especially to the seven stars of 279: 2105:', or referring (as a proper name) to any one of multiple major ancient Near Eastern deities. A rarer form, 7454: 6918: 3629:), ʼĒl successfully attacks his father Sky with a sickle and spear of iron. He and his military allies the 3513: 1354: 3517: 7509: 7489: 7177: 6176: 3973: 2098: 2515:

or Rapha-El, meaning 'God has healed' in Ugarit, is attested to in approximately 1350 BCE in one of the

2197:

in compound proper noun phrases such as Ishmael, Israel, Samuel, Daniel, Raphael, Michael, and Gabriel.

7484: 6873: 6351: 6008: 5944: 1679: 726: 7519: 7479: 3509: 3501: 3120:

before she was in effect "divorced" in the context of emerging Judaism of the 7th century BCE. (See

2867:

as he is normally called, possibly because ʼĒl is in the position of a clan-father to all the gods.

6433: 5693: 5649: 5605: 3874: 1138: 559: 270: 5087:

The God of the Patriarchs; a contribution to (the study of) the (pre)history of Israelite religion

3467:'mountains of God' (generally translated something like 'great mountains', 'mighty mountains') in 7494: 7314: 7257: 6923: 6044: 4854: 3889: 1699: 979: 4121: 7524: 7514: 5934: 5842: 4790:

in the Prophetic Literature: References & Allusions in Light of the Extra-Biblical Evidence

3894: 3696: 2948: 2372: 2156: 2121: 1134: 5432: 5322: 5295: 5268: 5187: 5160: 5053:

The Ugaritic Baal Cycle: Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU/CAT 1.3–1.4

5021: 4994: 4967: 4566:. Iconography of religions. Vol. 15: Mesopotamia and the Near East. Leiden, Netherlands: 7434: 6928: 6866: 5508: 5241: 5214: 5133: 5048: 4784: 4666: 4620: 4561: 4171:– a flux of syllables, labial, multiple. Its ending marks it stubbornly as a plural form of " 2497: 6401: 2943:

also appears, mostly in poetic passages and in the patriarchal narratives attributed to the

2637:, which Cross (p. 39) takes as 'ʼĒl of the covenant' and 'ʼĒl the judge' respectively. 7499: 7235: 6040:

The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel's Polytheistic background and the Ugaritic texts

3478:

to seventy sons of God corresponding to the seventy sons of ʼĒl in the Ugaritic texts, see

2512: 1854: 1010: 7350: 5687: 3459:'cedars of God' (generally translated something like 'mighty cedars', 'goodly cedars') in 8: 7424: 6168: 3780:, his image appearing on coins from that city. Poseidon of Beirut was also worshipped at 3762: 3746: 3622: 3039:

says that at that time, people began to "call upon the name of the LORD". El's title of "

2535: 2501: 2228: 2113: 2022: 1063: 255: 4247:

The Origin and Character of God: Ancient Israelite Religion through the Lens of Divinity

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depicts an earlier tradition that was more preserved in the southern regions of Canaan.

7343: 6453: 6123: 5878: 5808: 5579: 5401: 5393: 4535: 4471: 4320: 3859: 3695:

This is the form under which ʼĒl/Cronus appears on coins from Byblos from the reign of

3558: 3497:, Yahweh was described as a son of El, although some scholars disagree with this view. 3195:

can mean 'mighty', though such use may be metaphorical (compare the English expression

2608:

dating to the second century. In Hittite texts, the expression becomes the single name

2538:

may refer to ʼĒl. The text was translated by Rosenthal (1969, p. 658) as follows:

2152: 1834: 1073: 646: 284: 243: 4936: 4003: 3296:, in the taunt against a man who claims to be divine, in this instance, the leader of 2814:, who is otherwise ʼĒl's chief wife and the goddess Raḥmayyu ("the one of the womb"). 7504: 6373: 6365: 6355: 6331: 6323: 6313: 6299: 6287: 6279: 6252: 6244: 6234: 6208: 6200: 6190: 6154: 6088: 6066: 6058: 6048: 6022: 6012: 5983: 5966: 5958: 5948: 5920: 5903: 5895: 5885: 5864: 5856: 5846: 5800: 5767: 5757: 5697: 5683: 5671: 5663: 5653: 5639: 5627: 5619: 5609: 5571: 5536: 5526: 5522: 5463: 5438: 5405: 5330: 5301: 5274: 5247: 5220: 5193: 5166: 5139: 5102: 5094: 5090: 5056: 5027: 5000: 4973: 4876: 4868: 4858: 4816: 4808: 4798: 4690: 4682: 4672: 4644: 4636: 4626: 4589: 4581: 4571: 4324: 4251: 4197: 4157: 3995: 3578: 3101: 2842: 2662: 2471: 2267: 2209: 2081: 2011: 1964: 550: 3233:-enclitic also appears in Phoenician inscriptions as late as the fifth century BCE. 6905: 6845: 6573: 6276:

Recherches sur les cultes de Délos à l'époque hellénistique et à l'époque imperiale

6186: 6150:

Was There a Cult of El in Ancient Canaan?: Essays on Ugaritic Religion and Language

6115: 5792: 5385: 5243:

A Story of YHWH: Cultural Translation and Subversive Reception in Israelite History

4794: 4567: 4527: 4463: 4312: 3837: 3809: 3738: 3602: 3598: 3590: 3494: 3081:. The slaying of the serpent in myth is a deed attributed to both Ba'al Hadad and ' 2478:

and thinks it may be this identification of ʼĒl with Ptah that lead to the epithet

2420: 2403: 2258: 2176: 2117: 1982: 1251: 1020: 931: 831: 417: 6553: 3541:

and may contain the major surviving traces of Phoenician mythology. ʼĒl (rendered

3370:'Lord of the Covenant' whose worship has been condemned a few verses earlier. See 7287: 7108: 7044: 6798: 6303: 6224: 6180: 6148: 6082: 6038: 5997: 5938: 5836: 5821: 5643: 5599: 5080: 4557: 4187: 3845: 3754: 3726: 3546: 3528: 3237: 2944: 2900: 2896: 2888: 2706: 2388: 2321: 2243: 2055: 2044: 2033: 1841: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1475: 756: 721: 6104:"On the Rise and Fall of Canaanite Religion at Baalbek: A Tale of Five Toponyms" 5412: 4600: 4553: 3058: 1764: 701: 251: 7382: 7297: 7247: 7193: 7167: 7098: 6933: 6698: 5982:. Translated by Ford, J. N. Leiden, Netherlands; Boston, Massachusetts: Brill. 4846: 3864: 3505: 3486: 3409: 3297: 3121: 2998: 2968: 2952: 2600:) meaning "ʼĒl creator of Earth" appears, even including a late inscription at 2593: 2516: 2298: 5389: 4531: 4467: 4316: 3428: 3356: 3260: 3241: 3036: 3006: 7429: 7418: 7083: 6078: 6034: 5868: 5804: 5771: 5675: 5575: 5540: 5297:

God in Translation: Deities in Cross-cultural Discourse in the Biblical World

5082:

Der Gott der Väter; ein Beitrag zur Vorgeschichte der israelitischen Religion

4880: 4820: 4593: 3999: 3554: 3533: 3500:

That said, there are verses where El and Yahweh are unambiguously conflated (

3475: 3468: 3440: 3377: 3293: 3078: 3066: 3032: 3018: 2986: 2830: 2384: 1704: 1386: 1118: 751: 616: 6498: 6256: 6212: 6070: 5970: 5907: 5631: 5106: 4694: 1669: 1181: 1015: 861: 711: 342: 141: 7444: 7360: 7338: 7184: 7115: 6889: 6753: 6693: 6628: 6503: 6391: 6377: 6335: 6291: 6026: 5076: 4648: 3570: 3093: 3089: 3050: 2822: 2605: 2601: 2520: 2452: 1729: 1719: 1714: 1366: 1306: 1216: 1108: 876: 866: 856: 776: 766: 761: 576: 472: 352: 156: 2892: 2325: 1030: 7365: 7215: 7210: 7198: 7172: 6963: 6953: 6900: 6808: 6743: 6713: 6613: 6528: 6518: 6513: 5832: 4301:. By T. W. Thacker. pp. xxvi 341. Geoffrey Cumberlege. Oxford, 1954. 42s" 4150:(2009). "The Pluri-Singularity of Creation". In McFarland, Ian A. (ed.). 3899: 3851: 3070: 3014: 2960: 2864: 2860: 2768:("your patriarch"). ʼĒl is the grey-bearded ancient one, full of wisdom, 2731: 2681: 2448: 2444: 2430: 2164: 1644: 1500: 1391: 1381: 1286: 1206: 1196: 1088: 966: 906: 736: 641: 452: 377: 367: 362: 43: 6127: 6084:

The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel

5583: 4757: 2293:

sources, ʼĒl played a role as father of the gods, of creation, or both.

1525: 7155: 6738: 6533: 5812: 5559: 5397: 4662: 4539: 4515: 4475: 4451: 3766: 3606: 3490: 3436: 3040: 2994: 2845: 2818: 2646: 2286: 1829: 1759: 1411: 1211: 911: 786: 716: 706: 382: 6153:. Orientalische Religionen in der Antike. Vol. 55. Mohr Siebeck. 5780: 5431:

Botterweck, G. Johannes; Ringgren, Helmer; Fabry, Heinz-Josef (1974).

3479: 3322:), I am enthroned in the middle of the seas." Yet you are man and not 1779: 1470: 1430: 1083: 801: 7292: 7242: 7015: 6813: 6658: 6598: 6493: 6119: 4625:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press. p. 19. 3800:

Also at Delos, that association of Tyrians, though mostly devoted to

3758: 3582: 3074: 2826: 2658: 2531: 2486: 1821: 1754: 1612: 1555: 1530: 1520: 1505: 1376: 1331: 1271: 1176: 1005: 961: 951: 921: 871: 497: 437: 337: 171: 151: 5796: 2261: 1098: 1093: 995: 894: 836: 824: 7375: 7370: 7355: 7309: 7252: 7205: 7049: 7005: 7000: 6578: 5749: 4671:. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Presses. p. 49. 4497: 3801: 3734: 3730: 3712: 3700: 3654: 3538: 3460: 3165: 3143: 3096:

presented his theories on the original differences of such gods in

3044: 3022: 2872: 2838: 2670: 2213: 2168: 1950: 1896: 1878: 1774: 1749: 1535: 1510: 1435: 1301: 1246: 936: 806: 796: 781: 746: 611: 467: 412: 99: 6248: 6000:(1969). "The Amulet from Arslan Tash". In Pritchard, James (ed.). 5962: 5899: 5860: 5352:"Are Yahweh and El Distinct Deities in Deut. 32:8-9 and Psalm 82?" 4872: 4812: 3733:. Going back to the 8th century BCE, the bilingual inscription at 2567:

However, Cross (1973, p. 17) translated the text as follows:

2508:, which he translated as the appellation "El, (god) of eternity". 1709: 7387: 7319: 7272: 7230: 7189: 7135: 7103: 7088: 7069: 7025: 7020: 7010: 6995: 6990: 6723: 6638: 6618: 6583: 6538: 6488: 6478: 6167: 5418: 4606: 3813: 3805: 3790: 3718: 3594: 3586: 3188:

has been interpreted as 'sons of the mighty', 'mighty ones', for

3027: 3010: 2811: 2689: 2613: 2524: 2380: 2376: 2205: 1816: 1809: 1804: 1684: 1674: 1659: 1654: 1639: 1634: 1545: 1540: 1490: 1396: 1316: 1291: 1256: 1221: 1171: 1161: 1078: 1068: 1058: 1040: 1035: 1025: 956: 941: 926: 881: 846: 771: 731: 696: 686: 681: 482: 457: 422: 387: 332: 327: 233: 181: 166: 117: 6369: 6327: 6283: 6204: 6062: 5667: 5623: 5098: 4686: 4640: 4585: 7399: 7145: 7120: 7059: 7054: 6858: 6823: 6818: 6803: 6778: 6768: 6763: 6748: 6708: 6663: 6653: 6633: 6623: 6608: 6603: 6588: 6563: 6523: 6483: 6463: 3794: 3777: 3679: 3641: 3610: 3550: 3217:-enclitic and therefore to be translated as 'sons of ʼĒl'. The 2956: 2932: 2927: 2920: 2916: 2696: 2685: 2650: 2490: 2407: 2366: 2290: 1891: 1873: 1689: 1649: 1560: 1515: 1495: 1485: 1480: 1460: 1455: 1440: 1425: 1421: 1341: 1336: 1311: 1296: 1281: 1276: 1261: 1236: 1201: 1186: 1166: 1146: 1113: 1103: 1052: 990: 901: 691: 651: 631: 621: 586: 571: 507: 502: 477: 462: 447: 442: 427: 402: 372: 347: 312: 303: 161: 95: 91: 60: 4196:(2 ed.). New York: Bloomsbury T&T Clark. p. 13. 4067:

Genealogical Classification of Semitic: The Lexical Isoglosses

3941: 3939: 3637:

an ally of his grandfather Sky and begins to make war on ʼĒl.

3206:

in both places descends from an archaic stock phrase in which

2700: 7302: 7282: 7225: 7150: 7130: 7076: 7035: 6970: 6958: 6793: 6783: 6773: 6758: 6733: 6648: 6643: 6593: 6568: 6558: 6543: 6473: 6431: 5189:

The Oxford Handbook of Ritual and Worship in the Hebrew Bible

3986: 3869: 3786: 3781: 3626: 3574: 3566: 3424:

suggest the god here is in fact ʼĒl judging the lesser gods.

2912: 2735: 2727: 2714: 2674: 2310: 2102: 1784: 1724: 1694: 1664: 1465: 1450: 1416: 1406: 1361: 1326: 1321: 1266: 1241: 1226: 1156: 1048: 1044: 946: 916: 851: 841: 811: 741: 676: 656: 606: 596: 492: 487: 432: 407: 392: 322: 223: 209: 187: 3912: 3485:

It has been argued that in the supposed original version of

2848:

discovered in the 1920s and a separate serpent incantation.

7324: 7277: 7267: 7262: 7220: 7125: 7064: 7030: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6948: 6788: 6728: 6688: 6683: 6508: 6468: 4299:

The Relationship of the Semitic and Egyptian Verbal Systems

3936: 3884: 3614: 3562: 3371: 3082: 2719: 2666: 2665:, each sharing similar attributes to the Greco-Roman gods: 2654: 2436: 2327: 2075: 1985: 1886: 1865: 1769: 1445: 1401: 1191: 1151: 1000: 791: 626: 601: 581: 566: 357: 317: 146: 136: 81: 57: 5601:

Asherah: Goddesses in Ugarit, Israel and the Old Testament

5560:"Translation of Gods: Kumarpi, Enlil, Dagan/NISABA, Ḫalki" 5270:

Israelite Religions: An Archaeological and Biblical Survey

4993:

Brand, Chad; Mitchell, Eric; et al. (November 2015).

3455:-enclitic). Two other apparent fossilized expressions are 3236:

One of the other two occurrences in the Tanakh is in the "

7392: 7162: 6828: 6718: 6703: 6392:

Bartleby: American Heritage Dictionary: Semitic Roots: ʾl

5838:

How to Read the Bible: A Guide to Scripture, Then and Now

4916:"Genesis 3 (Blue Letter Bible/ KJV – King James Version)" 4498:

The Goddess Anath: Canaanite Epics on the Patriarchal Age

4175:"; here (but not always) it takes the singular verb form 3879: 2974:

The theological position of the Tanakh is that the names

2572:

The Eternal One ('Olam) has made a covenant oath with us,

1849: 1550: 1371: 591: 219: 5917:

The Ugaritic poem of Aqht: text; translation; commentary

5162:

The Mother of the Lord: Volume 1: The Lady in the Temple

4353: 4153:

Creation and Humanity: The Sources of Christian Theology

2993:

I revealed myself to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob as

2474:(1973, p. 19) points out that Ptah is often called 7093: 5430: 4827: 3329:

even though you have made your heart like the heart of

636: 5186:

Grabbe, Lester L. (2020). Balentine, Samuel E. (ed.).

4896: 4430: 4428: 4339:

The Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions and their Decipherment

4127: 4113: 4111: 3956: 3954: 2612:, this Ilkunirsa appearing as the husband of Asherdu ( 2431:

Proto-Sinaitic, Phoenician, Aramaic, and Hittite texts

2092: 1973: 6229:. The Biblical Seminar. Vol. 53 (2nd ed.). 5750:"Two brides for two gods. The case of Šala and Šalaš" 4969:

The Bible and the Ancient Near East: Collected essays

4072: 3980:[The Asian decor of the Gebel el-Arak knife] 3644:, a city which Sanchuniathon says that ʼĒl founded). 3285:

There are a few cases in the Tanakh where some think

3229:, but both must mean 'sons of ʼĒl'. That phrase with 3175:

who can be likened to Yahweh among the sons of Gods (

1997: 4413: 4389: 4096: 3972: 3827: 3292:

is not equated with Yahweh. One example is found in

3047:) immigrants, who were ancestors of the Israelites. 2073: 2062: 1988: 5019: 4947: 4737: 4425: 4401: 4365: 4276: 4264: 3951: 3924: 5877: 5570:(4). GBPress – Gregorian Biblical Press: 319–336. 4047: 2536:amulet of the seventh century BCE from Arslan Tash 2493:, whose name combines both the terms Ptah and Il. 258:Possible depiction of El with two lions, B.C. 3450 5716: 5494: 5482: 5113: 4383: 4221:. Louvain-la-Neuve: Editions Peeters. p. 5. 4084: 3673:A fuller account of the sacrifice appears later: 3366:'God of the Covenant', seemingly the same as the 7416: 5980:Divine epithets in the Ugaritic alphabetic texts 3978:"Le décor asiatique du couteau de Gebel el-Arak" 3531:(c. 64–141 AD) was a Greek writer whose account 2357:. In Ugaritic the plural form meaning "gods" is 2237: 2231: 2200: 6305:Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins 5717:Donner, Herbert; Röllig, Wolfgang (1962–1964). 5437:. William B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 132. 5419:van der Toorn, Becking & van der Horst 1999 5325:. In Longman III, Tremper; Enns, Peter (eds.). 5047:Smith, Mark; Pitard, Wayne (24 December 2008). 4607:van der Toorn, Becking & van der Horst 1999 3146:, understood as an enthronement psalm, begins: 3077:the serpent, and slay the dragon in the sea in 5721:(in German). Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz. 5692:(reprint ed.), Cambridge, Massachusetts: 5013: 4501:. Bialik Institute, 1951, p. 42–44 (in Hebrew) 3577:and to an unknown god, equated with the Greek 2358: 2276: 2270: 2222: 2216: 6874: 6417: 6182:Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible 5376:Miller, Patrick D. (1967). "El the Warrior". 5135:Monotheism and Yahweh's Appropriation of Baal 4992: 4965: 4552: 3776:Poseidon is known to have been worshipped in 3142:"gods" occurs only four times in the Tanakh. 2787:("the Gracious One, the Benevolent God") and 1920: 1589: 527: 7450:Hebrew words and phrases in the Hebrew Bible 6278:(in French). Paris, France: E. de Broccard. 5023:The Conflict Myth and the Biblical Tradition 4250:. Oxford University Press. pp. 73–118. 3565:). Sky and Earth are themselves children of 3557:or first god. ʼĒl is rather the son of Sky ( 2543:An eternal bond has been established for us. 2402:are found with similar patterns in both the 2364: 2252: 2246: 2068: 5434:Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament 5356:LBTS Faculty Publications and Presentations 5216:Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan 5046: 4959: 4193:The Pentateuch: A Social-Science Commentary 4156:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 74. 3199:). It is possible also that the expression 2837:("Source of the Two Rivers"), the abode of 2578:And the great council of all the Holy Ones. 2451:which has on its opposite face the name of 6881: 6867: 6424: 6410: 5778: 4782: 4219:Sabaic dictionary: English, French, Arabic 4186: 3918: 2911:that could be used for any god, including 1927: 1913: 1596: 1582: 534: 520: 36: 5996: 5819: 5451: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5365: 4999:. B&H Publishing Group. p. 384. 4851:A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament 4622:Cattle, Priests, and Progress in mMdicine 4513: 4359: 3992:Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 3945: 2413: 2305:is understood to mean "ʼĒl the King" but 6231:Continuum International Publishing Group 5977: 5933: 5914: 5458:Green, Alberto Ravinell Whitney (2003). 5192:. Oxford University Press. p. 100. 5131: 5026:. Oxford University Press. p. 130. 4833: 4133: 4078: 3173:For who in the skies compares to Yahweh, 3049: 2997:, but was not known to them by my name, 2640: 2580:With oaths of Heaven and Ancient Earth. 2375:, at least four different authors – the 2120:languages. The word is derived from the 1795:Arabian deities of other Semitic origins 250: 6146: 6101: 6007:(3rd ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: 5880:The Oxford Companion to World Mythology 5875: 5719:Kanaanäische und aramäische Inschriften 5089:] (in German). Stuttgart, Germany: 5055:. Vol. II. Brill. pp. 52–53. 5020:Scoggins Ballentine, Debra (May 2015). 4743: 4618: 4216: 4117: 3569:'Most High'. ʼĒl is brother to the God 3113:The Oxford Companion to World Mythology 2833:) flow, Baalbek may be the same as the 2783:("ʼĒl the warrior"). He is also called 2619:In a Hurrian hymn to ʼĒl (published in 2151:include the supreme god of the ancient 1961:question marks, boxes, or other symbols 7417: 5597: 5460:The Storm-god in the Ancient Near East 5375: 5362: 5349: 5320: 5185: 5158: 4845: 4516:"Yahweh and the God of the Patriarchs" 4452:"Yahweh and the God of the Patriarchs" 4395: 4146: 4069:. Berlin, Germany: De Gruyter. p. 147. 3160:Ascribe to Yahweh, glory and strength 2208:forms of ʼĒl are found throughout the 6862: 6405: 6219: 6185:(2nd ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: 6077: 6033: 5884:. New York: Oxford University Press. 5831: 5747: 5735:(2nd ed.), University of Chicago 5682: 5638: 5557: 5506: 5457: 5358:: 278 – via Liberty University. 5293: 5239: 5219:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 25. 5159:Barker, Margaret (29 November 2012). 5138:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 77. 5132:Anderson, James S. (27 August 2015). 5119: 5049:"El's Relationship to Baal's Enemies" 4953: 4937:"Genesis 4: King James Version (KJV)" 4902: 4509: 4507: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4449: 4445: 4443: 4434: 4419: 4407: 4371: 4294: 4282: 4270: 4243: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4231: 4102: 4053: 3960: 3930: 3686:The account also relates that Thoth: 2558:through the bond of heaven and earth 5725: 5509:"Rumors of Wisdom: Job 28 as Poetry" 5273:. Baker Academic. pp. 103–104. 5266: 5246:. Taylor & Francis. p. 81. 5240:Flynn, Shawn W. (6 September 2019). 4668:A Psychoanalytic History of the Jews 4661: 4305:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 4090: 3069:, Yahweh is clearly envisioned as a 2470:is also found in Serābitṭ text 353. 2048: 2026: 5329:. InterVarsity Press. p. 113. 5212: 5075: 4996:Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary 3812:('Ashtart) and one to Poseidon "of 3474:For the reference in some texts of 2745:("Bull ʼĒl" or "the bull god") and 2710: 2688:, El is the husband of the goddess 2069: 2059: 2037: 13: 6264: 6087:. William B. Eerdmans Publishing. 5943:. New Cambridge Bible Commentary. 5754:He unfurrowed his brow and laughed 5321:Heiser, Michael S. (6 June 2008). 4966:McBee Roberts, Jimmy Jack (2002). 4755: 4504: 4482: 4440: 4228: 3447:(preceded by the definite article 3374:for a discussion of this passage. 3108:("Israel"), meaning "El strives". 3013:accepted the blessing of El, when 2574:Asherah has made (a pact) with us. 1618:Religions of the ancient Near East 1572:Religions of the ancient Near East 14: 7536: 6385: 6102:Steiner, Richard C. (Fall 2009). 4783:McLaughlin, John L. (June 2001). 3721:dated to the 1st century equates 3391:("god") stands in the council of 3154:Ascribe to Yahweh, sons of Gods ( 2741:ʼĒl is repeatedly referred to as 6888: 5729:Old Akkadian Writing and Grammar 3844: 3830: 3523: 3439:. The phrase also occurs in the 3274:), and against the God of Gods ( 3248:Who is like you among the Gods ( 2825:(the classical Leontes) and the 2791:("the Gracious and Holy One"). 2623:, text RS 24.278), he is called 1981: 1941: 16:Northwest Semitic word for 'god' 5919:. Berlin, Germany: de Gruyter. 5820:Güterbock, Hans Gustav (1983), 5500: 5488: 5476: 5424: 5343: 5314: 5287: 5260: 5233: 5206: 5179: 5152: 5125: 5069: 5040: 4986: 4929: 4908: 4887: 4839: 4776: 4749: 4728: 4719: 4710: 4701: 4655: 4612: 4546: 4514:Cross Jr., Frank Moore (1962). 4377: 4344: 4331: 4288: 4210: 4180: 4139: 2882: 2616:) and father of 77 or 88 sons. 2585:In some inscriptions, the name 1974: 6310:University of California Press 6147:Tsumura, David Toshio (2024). 6108:Journal of Biblical Literature 5689:Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic 5645:Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic 5378:The Harvard Theological Review 5165:. A&C Black. p. 124. 4520:The Harvard Theological Review 4456:The Harvard Theological Review 4059: 4029:"Online Phoenician Dictionary" 4021: 3966: 3065:In some places, especially in 2895:) appears in Latin letters in 2695:Three pantheon lists found at 2353:may be an abbreviated form of 1: 5551: 5495:Donner & Röllig 1962–1964 5485:, No. 11, p. 43. and No. 129. 5483:Donner & Röllig 1962–1964 5300:. Mohr Siebeck. p. 203. 4384:Donner & Röllig 1962–1964 3717:A bilingual inscription from 3463::10 (in Hebrew verse 11) and 3427:An archaic phrase appears in 3213:was a singular form with the 3021:and high priest of its deity 2955:: seventy-three times in the 2951:. It occurs 217 times in the 2797:The mysterious Ugaritic text 2476:the Lord (or one) of eternity 2456: 2201:Linguistic forms and meanings 2116:form in the Old Akkadian and 7460:Names of God in Christianity 6177:van der Horst, Pieter Willem 5826:Reallexikon der Assyriologie 5648:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: 4972:. Eisenbrauns. p. 321. 3974:du Mesnil du Buisson, Robert 3905: 3168::6 (verse 7 in Hebrew) has: 3055:The Destruction of Leviathan 2959:and fifty-five times in the 2760:("father of the gods"), and 2701: 2548:has established (it) for us, 2359: 2277: 2271: 2262: 2238: 2232: 2223: 2217: 2093: 42:Gilded statuette of El from 7: 7440:Deities in the Hebrew Bible 6397:Pronunciation (audio) of El 6226:Religious Texts from Ugarit 5779:Fontenrose, Joseph (1957). 4619:Schwabe, Calvin W. (1978). 4450:Cross, Frank Moore (1962). 4244:Lewis, Theodore J. (2020). 3990:(in French). Vol. 68. 3823: 3793:(that is 'Ashtart), and to 3706: 3259:The final occurrence is in 2899:transcription as El and in 2717:) begin with the four gods 2365: 2326: 2253: 2247: 2074: 2063: 1625:Pre-Islamic Arabian deities 10: 7541: 6352:Princeton University Press 6009:Princeton University Press 6005:Ancient Near Eastern Texts 5945:Cambridge University Press 5756:. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag. 5213:Day, John (15 June 2010). 4217:Beeston, A. F. L. (1982). 3710: 3545:or called by his standard 3399:he judges among the gods ( 2967:'the god' (for example in 2753:("Creator of creatures"), 2734:(that is the god Haddu or 2180: 2130:Specific deities known as 2085: 2015: 6944: 6896: 6841: 6672: 6452: 6445: 6350:. Princeton, New Jersey: 5915:Margalit, Baruch (1989). 5390:10.1017/S0017816000003886 5267:Hess, Richard S. (2007). 4532:10.1017/S0017816000007914 4468:10.1017/S0017816000007914 4317:10.1017/S0035869X00114728 3789:of the city equated with 3613:(presumably the goddess ' 3537:survives in quotation by 3128:The apparent plural form 2554:the majority of the group 2550:and all the divine beings 2496:In an inscription in the 239: 229: 215: 205: 200: 129: 110: 105: 87: 77: 69: 50: 35: 28: 23: 6308:. Berkeley, California: 5978:Rahmouni, Aicha (2007). 5694:Harvard University Press 5650:Harvard University Press 5606:Sheffield Academic Press 5507:Jones, Scott C. (2009). 5350:Heiser, Michael (2006). 4337:Albright, Wm. F. (1966) 3875:Ancient Semitic religion 3757:form of the name of the 3743:ʼĒl-Creator-of-the-Earth 3723:ʼĒl-Creator-of-the-Earth 3605:). ʼĒl is the father of 2349:with a parasitic h, and 271:Ancient Semitic religion 7465:Names of God in Judaism 6300:Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy 6045:Oxford University Press 5935:Matthews, Victor Harold 5876:Leeming, David (2005). 5558:Archi, Alfonso (2004). 5294:Smith, Mark S. (2008). 4855:Oxford University Press 3890:Names of God in Judaism 3005:However, it is said in 2749:("El the King"). He is 2576:And all the sons of El, 2504:transcribed the phrase 2363:, equivalent to Hebrew 2155:and the supreme god of 2101:word meaning 'god' or ' 216:Mesopotamian equivalent 6534:Baalshamin/Baʿalshamem 5604:. Sheffield, England: 5598:Binger, Tilde (1997). 4065:Kogan, Leonid (2015), 3895:Theophory in the Bible 3697:Antiochus IV Epiphanes 3693: 3684: 3671: 3489:, as preserved in the 3406: 3342: 3311:(god), in the seat of 3283: 3257: 3182: 3163: 3126: 3062: 3003: 2949:documentary hypothesis 2907:is a generic word for 2903:transcription as ʾĒl. 2583: 2565: 2414:Historical development 2373:documentary hypothesis 1949:This article contains 295:Near Eastern Religions 259: 5748:Feliu, Lluís (2007). 4847:Coogan, Michael David 3688: 3675: 3667: 3581:and to the goddesses 3471:(in Hebrew verse 6). 3422:sons of the Most High 3382: 3302: 3265: 3246: 3170: 3148: 3117: 3053: 2991: 2776:("Father of years"), 2641:Ugarit and the Levant 2569: 2556:of all the holy ones, 2540: 2498:Proto-Sinaitic script 2161:Early Dynastic Period 2157:East Semitic speakers 254: 7475:Sky and weather gods 7470:Phoenician mythology 7236:Sanghyang Adi Buddha 6675:Mesopotamian deities 6169:van der Toorn, Karel 5726:Gelb, I. J. (1961), 3633:gain Sky's kingdom. 3451:and followed by the 2969:2 Samuel 22:31,33–48 1011:Hutena and Hutellura 7455:Levantine mythology 7178:God the Holy Spirit 5521:. Berlin, Germany: 4758:"El's Divine Feast" 4009:on 21 February 2014 3657:, through whom the 3623:Hermes Trismegistus 3514:Deuteronomy 4:19–20 2989:may be translated: 2680:As recorded on the 2596:: 𐤀𐤋 𐤒𐤍 𐤀𐤓𐤑 2527:to 'The Great One' 2502:William F. Albright 2439:is given the title 1064:Ninatta and Kulitta 265:Part of a series on 256:Gebel al-Arak knife 177:(Ugarit religions) 7510:Conceptions of God 7490:Cattle in religion 5684:Cross, Frank Moore 5640:Cross, Frank Moore 4797:. pp. 24–26. 4542:– via JSTOR. 4495:Cassuto, Umberto. 4478:– via JSTOR. 4295:Smith, H. (1956). 3994:. pp. 63–83. 3948:, p. 325–326. 3921:, p. 277–279. 3860:Elagabalus (deity) 3769:and preceding the 3747:Luwian hieroglyphs 3518:Deuteronomy 32:6–7 3098:Der Gott der Väter 3063: 2799:Shachar and Shalim 2523:from the ruler of 2447:' in a prism from 2171:, El was known as 2153:Canaanite religion 1043:dynastic deities ( 290:pre-Islamic Arabia 260: 230:Hurrian equivalent 30:Father of the Gods 7485:West Semitic gods 7410: 7409: 7351:Tenri-Ō-no-Mikoto 6906:In Zoroastrianism 6856: 6855: 6837: 6836: 6455:Canaanite deities 6361:978-0-691-07220-3 6319:978-0-520-04091-5 6272:Bruneau, Philippe 6240:978-0-8264-6048-6 6196:978-90-04-11119-6 6160:978-3-16-161278-7 6094:978-0-8028-3972-5 6054:978-0-19-513480-3 6018:978-0-691-03503-1 5954:978-0-521-00066-6 5891:978-0-19-515669-0 5852:978-0-7432-3586-0 5763:978-3-934628-32-8 5659:978-0-674-09176-4 5615:978-1-85075-637-8 5532:978-3-11-021477-2 5523:Walter de Gruyter 5444:978-0-8028-2335-9 5336:978-0-8308-1783-2 5307:978-3-16-149543-4 5280:978-1-4412-0112-6 5253:978-1-317-24713-5 5226:978-0-567-53783-6 5199:978-0-19-022211-6 5172:978-0-567-52815-5 5145:978-0-567-66396-2 5091:Kohlhammer Verlag 5062:978-90-474-4232-5 5033:978-0-19-937026-9 5006:978-0-8054-9935-3 4979:978-1-57506-066-8 4941:Blue Letter Bible 4905:, pp. 32–34. 4864:978-0-19-533272-8 4804:978-90-04-12006-8 4678:978-0-8386-3660-2 4632:978-0-8166-0825-6 4577:978-90-04-06224-5 4563:Ugaritic Religion 4203:978-0-567-65880-7 4148:Keller, Catherine 4035:on 10 August 2014 3753:, this being the 3441:Pyrgi Inscription 3151:A Psalm of David. 3102:Frank Moore Cross 2835:manbaa al-nahrayn 2472:Frank Moore Cross 2435:The Egyptian god 2316:The Semitic root 2210:Semitic languages 2112:, represents the 2099:Northwest Semitic 2091: 1965:Ugaritic alphabet 1957:rendering support 1937: 1936: 1606: 1605: 551:ancient Near East 544: 543: 249: 248: 206:Syrian equivalent 7532: 7520:Tutelary deities 7480:Ugaritic deities 6883: 6876: 6869: 6860: 6859: 6847:Mythology portal 6574:Kothar-wa-Khasis 6450: 6449: 6426: 6419: 6412: 6403: 6402: 6381: 6344:Teixidor, Javier 6339: 6295: 6260: 6216: 6164: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6130:. Archived from 6120:10.2307/25610200 6098: 6074: 6030: 5998:Rosenthal, Franz 5993: 5974: 5930: 5911: 5883: 5872: 5828: 5816: 5775: 5743: 5742: 5740: 5734: 5722: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5679: 5635: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5545: 5544: 5504: 5498: 5492: 5486: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5455: 5449: 5448: 5428: 5422: 5416: 5410: 5409: 5373: 5360: 5359: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5323:"Divine Council" 5318: 5312: 5311: 5291: 5285: 5284: 5264: 5258: 5257: 5237: 5231: 5230: 5210: 5204: 5203: 5183: 5177: 5176: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5129: 5123: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5073: 5067: 5066: 5044: 5038: 5037: 5017: 5011: 5010: 4990: 4984: 4983: 4963: 4957: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4933: 4927: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4912: 4906: 4900: 4894: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4843: 4837: 4831: 4825: 4824: 4780: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4769: 4764:. Sean B. Palmer 4756:Palmer, Sean B. 4753: 4747: 4741: 4735: 4732: 4726: 4723: 4717: 4716:KTU 1.2 III AB C 4714: 4708: 4707:KTU 1.2 III AB B 4705: 4699: 4698: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4616: 4610: 4604: 4598: 4597: 4558:Sznycer, Maurice 4550: 4544: 4543: 4511: 4502: 4493: 4480: 4479: 4447: 4438: 4432: 4423: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4348: 4342: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4311:(1–2): 102–103. 4292: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4268: 4262: 4261: 4241: 4226: 4225: 4214: 4208: 4207: 4188:Van Seters, John 4184: 4178: 4177: 4143: 4137: 4131: 4125: 4115: 4106: 4100: 4094: 4088: 4082: 4076: 4070: 4063: 4057: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4031:. Archived from 4025: 4019: 4018: 4016: 4014: 4008: 4002:. Archived from 3983: 3970: 3964: 3958: 3949: 3943: 3934: 3928: 3922: 3916: 3854: 3849: 3848: 3840: 3838:Mythology portal 3835: 3834: 3833: 3810:Aphrodite Urania 3739:Taurus Mountains 3495:Dead Sea Scrolls 3476:Deuteronomy 32:8 3395: 3388: 3363: 3348: 3339: 3333: 3326: 3315: 3308: 3289: 3278: 3271: 3252: 3225:alternates with 3210: 3203: 3192: 3139: 3132: 3007:Genesis 14:18–20 2982: 2940: 2856: 2817:In the Ugaritic 2780: 2757: 2722: 2712: 2704: 2649:and the ancient 2634: 2627: 2589: 2519:EA333, found in 2482: 2466:BCE). The title 2465: 2461: 2458: 2370: 2362: 2331: 2280: 2274: 2265: 2256: 2250: 2241: 2235: 2226: 2220: 2182: 2148: 2141: 2134: 2109: 2096: 2090:romanized: 2089: 2087: 2079: 2072: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2050: 2039: 2028: 2017: 2007: 2000: 1995: 1994: 1991: 1990: 1987: 1977: 1976: 1963: instead of 1945: 1944: 1929: 1922: 1915: 1901: 1883: 1870: 1858: 1846: 1838: 1826: 1813: 1608: 1607: 1598: 1591: 1584: 1252:Kothar-wa-Khasis 560:Ancient Egyptian 546: 545: 536: 529: 522: 418:Kothar-wa-Khasis 262: 261: 240:Roman equivalent 193:70 Sons in Total 40: 21: 20: 7540: 7539: 7535: 7534: 7533: 7531: 7530: 7529: 7415: 7414: 7411: 7406: 7288:Nzambi a Mpungu 7109:Svayam Bhagavan 6940: 6919:In Christianity 6892: 6887: 6857: 6852: 6833: 6668: 6441: 6430: 6388: 6362: 6342: 6320: 6298: 6270: 6267: 6265:Further reading 6241: 6197: 6161: 6137: 6135: 6134:on 4 March 2016 6095: 6055: 6019: 6011:. p. 658. 5990: 5955: 5940:Judges and Ruth 5927: 5892: 5853: 5833:Kugel, James L. 5797:10.2307/1579640 5764: 5738: 5736: 5732: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5660: 5616: 5588: 5586: 5554: 5549: 5548: 5533: 5505: 5501: 5493: 5489: 5481: 5477: 5470: 5462:. Eisenbrauns. 5456: 5452: 5445: 5429: 5425: 5417: 5413: 5374: 5363: 5348: 5344: 5337: 5319: 5315: 5308: 5292: 5288: 5281: 5265: 5261: 5254: 5238: 5234: 5227: 5211: 5207: 5200: 5184: 5180: 5173: 5157: 5153: 5146: 5130: 5126: 5118: 5114: 5074: 5070: 5063: 5045: 5041: 5034: 5018: 5014: 5007: 4991: 4987: 4980: 4964: 4960: 4952: 4948: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4920: 4918: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4901: 4897: 4892: 4888: 4865: 4844: 4840: 4832: 4828: 4805: 4781: 4777: 4767: 4765: 4754: 4750: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4724: 4720: 4715: 4711: 4706: 4702: 4679: 4660: 4656: 4633: 4617: 4613: 4605: 4601: 4578: 4551: 4547: 4512: 4505: 4494: 4483: 4448: 4441: 4433: 4426: 4418: 4414: 4406: 4402: 4394: 4390: 4382: 4378: 4370: 4366: 4358: 4354: 4349: 4345: 4336: 4332: 4293: 4289: 4281: 4277: 4269: 4265: 4258: 4242: 4229: 4215: 4211: 4204: 4185: 4181: 4164: 4144: 4140: 4132: 4128: 4116: 4109: 4101: 4097: 4089: 4085: 4077: 4073: 4064: 4060: 4052: 4048: 4038: 4036: 4027: 4026: 4022: 4012: 4010: 4006: 3981: 3971: 3967: 3959: 3952: 3944: 3937: 3929: 3925: 3919:Fontenrose 1957 3917: 3913: 3908: 3850: 3843: 3836: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3715: 3709: 3529:Philo of Byblos 3526: 3405: 3398: 3393: 3386: 3361: 3346: 3337: 3331: 3324: 3313: 3306: 3287: 3276: 3269: 3250: 3208: 3201: 3190: 3181: 3174: 3162: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3137: 3130: 2980: 2945:Priestly source 2938: 2901:Tiberian Hebrew 2897:Standard Hebrew 2885: 2854: 2785:lṭpn ʾil d pʾid 2778: 2755: 2720: 2643: 2632: 2625: 2587: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2564: 2557: 2551: 2549: 2544: 2480: 2463: 2459: 2433: 2421:Sargonic period 2416: 2212:. They include 2203: 2146: 2139: 2132: 2107: 2005: 1998: 1984: 1980: 1970: 1969: 1968: 1955:Without proper 1946: 1942: 1933: 1904: 1899: 1881: 1868: 1852: 1844: 1832: 1824: 1807: 1789: 1700:Isāf and Nā'ila 1616: 1602: 1566: 1565: 1357: 1347: 1346: 1142: 1132: 1124: 1123: 986: 972: 971: 897: 887: 886: 827: 817: 816: 672: 662: 661: 562: 549:Deities of the 540: 196: 125: 118:Asherah/Athirat 65: 46: 31: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7538: 7528: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7495:Cattle deities 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7408: 7407: 7405: 7404: 7403: 7402: 7397: 7396: 7395: 7380: 7379: 7378: 7368: 7363: 7358: 7353: 7348: 7347: 7346: 7336: 7335: 7334: 7333: 7332: 7322: 7312: 7307: 7306: 7305: 7300: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7248:I Am that I Am 7245: 7240: 7239: 7238: 7233: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7202: 7201: 7196: 7194:Gitche Manitou 7182: 7181: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7168:God the Father 7160: 7159: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7112: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7080: 7079: 7074: 7073: 7072: 7067: 7057: 7047: 7042: 7041: 7040: 7039: 7038: 7033: 7023: 7018: 7008: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6967: 6966: 6961: 6951: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6938: 6937: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6908: 6903: 6897: 6894: 6893: 6886: 6885: 6878: 6871: 6863: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6850: 6842: 6839: 6838: 6835: 6834: 6832: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6680: 6678: 6670: 6669: 6667: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6460: 6458: 6447: 6443: 6442: 6429: 6428: 6421: 6414: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6394: 6387: 6386:External links 6384: 6383: 6382: 6360: 6340: 6318: 6296: 6266: 6263: 6262: 6261: 6239: 6221:Wyatt, Nicolas 6217: 6195: 6165: 6159: 6144: 6114:(3): 507–525. 6099: 6093: 6079:Smith, Mark S. 6075: 6053: 6035:Smith, Mark S. 6031: 6017: 5994: 5988: 5975: 5953: 5931: 5925: 5912: 5890: 5873: 5851: 5829: 5817: 5791:(2): 277–279. 5781:"Dagon and El" 5776: 5762: 5745: 5723: 5714: 5702: 5680: 5658: 5636: 5614: 5595: 5553: 5550: 5547: 5546: 5531: 5499: 5487: 5475: 5468: 5450: 5443: 5423: 5421:, p. 294. 5411: 5384:(4): 411–431. 5361: 5342: 5335: 5313: 5306: 5286: 5279: 5259: 5252: 5232: 5225: 5205: 5198: 5178: 5171: 5151: 5144: 5124: 5112: 5068: 5061: 5039: 5032: 5012: 5005: 4985: 4978: 4958: 4946: 4928: 4907: 4895: 4886: 4863: 4857:. p. 74. 4838: 4836:, p. 484. 4826: 4803: 4775: 4748: 4744:Steiner (2009) 4736: 4727: 4725:KTU 1.4 IV 21. 4718: 4709: 4700: 4677: 4654: 4631: 4611: 4609:, p. 181. 4599: 4576: 4570:. p. 12. 4545: 4526:(4): 225–259. 4503: 4481: 4462:(4): 225–259. 4439: 4424: 4422:, p. 423. 4412: 4400: 4388: 4376: 4364: 4362:, p. 658. 4360:Rosenthal 1969 4352: 4343: 4330: 4287: 4275: 4263: 4257:978-0190072544 4256: 4227: 4209: 4202: 4179: 4162: 4138: 4126: 4107: 4105:, p. 135. 4095: 4083: 4071: 4058: 4046: 4020: 3965: 3963:, p. 329. 3950: 3946:Güterbock 1983 3935: 3933:, p. 301. 3923: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3903: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3865:Divine Council 3862: 3856: 3855: 3841: 3825: 3822: 3711:Main article: 3708: 3705: 3601:(equated with 3525: 3522: 3506:Michael Heiser 3487:Deuteronomy 32 3410:Divine Council 3383: 3184:Traditionally 3171: 3149: 3017:, the king of 2953:Masoretic Text 2884: 2881: 2677:respectively. 2642: 2639: 2570: 2541: 2517:Amarna Letters 2432: 2429: 2415: 2412: 2299:Ugaritic texts 2202: 2199: 1959:, you may see 1947: 1940: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1932: 1931: 1924: 1917: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1903: 1902: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1876: 1871: 1859: 1847: 1839: 1837:and Palmyrene) 1827: 1819: 1814: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1791: 1790: 1788: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1732: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1631: 1628: 1627: 1621: 1620: 1604: 1603: 1601: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1568: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1358: 1353: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1345: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1143: 1130: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 987: 978: 977: 974: 973: 970: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 898: 893: 892: 889: 888: 885: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 828: 823: 822: 819: 818: 815: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 673: 668: 667: 664: 663: 660: 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 569: 563: 558: 557: 554: 553: 542: 541: 539: 538: 531: 524: 516: 513: 512: 511: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 325: 320: 315: 307: 306: 300: 299: 298: 297: 292: 287: 282: 274: 273: 267: 266: 247: 246: 241: 237: 236: 231: 227: 226: 217: 213: 212: 207: 203: 202: 198: 197: 195: 194: 191: 185: 175: 174: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 133: 131: 127: 126: 124: 123: 120: 114: 112: 108: 107: 103: 102: 94:(particularly 89: 85: 84: 79: 75: 74: 71: 67: 66: 64: 63: 54: 52: 48: 47: 41: 33: 32: 29: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7537: 7526: 7525:National gods 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7515:Tutelary gods 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7422: 7420: 7413: 7401: 7398: 7394: 7391: 7390: 7389: 7386: 7385: 7384: 7381: 7377: 7374: 7373: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7340: 7337: 7331: 7328: 7327: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7295: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7228: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7191: 7188: 7187: 7186: 7183: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7165: 7164: 7161: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7143: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7084:Hiranyagarbha 7082: 7078: 7075: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7062: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7052: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7028: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7013: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6956: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6898: 6895: 6891: 6884: 6879: 6877: 6872: 6870: 6865: 6864: 6861: 6849: 6848: 6844: 6843: 6840: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6749:Inanna/Ishtar 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6677: 6676: 6671: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6504:Baʿalat Gebal 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6456: 6451: 6448: 6444: 6439: 6435: 6427: 6422: 6420: 6415: 6413: 6408: 6407: 6404: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6389: 6379: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6363: 6357: 6353: 6349: 6348:The Pagan God 6345: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6306: 6301: 6297: 6293: 6289: 6285: 6281: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6268: 6258: 6254: 6250: 6246: 6242: 6236: 6232: 6228: 6227: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6183: 6178: 6174: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6156: 6152: 6151: 6145: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6117: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6100: 6096: 6090: 6086: 6085: 6080: 6076: 6072: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6041: 6036: 6032: 6028: 6024: 6020: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6002: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5989:9789004157699 5985: 5981: 5976: 5972: 5968: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5926:0-89925-472-1 5922: 5918: 5913: 5909: 5905: 5901: 5897: 5893: 5887: 5882: 5881: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5858: 5854: 5848: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5834: 5830: 5827: 5823: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5765: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5746: 5731: 5730: 5724: 5720: 5715: 5705: 5699: 5695: 5691: 5690: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5655: 5651: 5647: 5646: 5641: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5621: 5617: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5602: 5596: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5561: 5556: 5555: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5515: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5491: 5484: 5479: 5471: 5469:9781575060699 5465: 5461: 5454: 5446: 5440: 5436: 5435: 5427: 5420: 5415: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5357: 5353: 5346: 5338: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5317: 5309: 5303: 5299: 5298: 5290: 5282: 5276: 5272: 5271: 5263: 5255: 5249: 5245: 5244: 5236: 5228: 5222: 5218: 5217: 5209: 5201: 5195: 5191: 5190: 5182: 5174: 5168: 5164: 5163: 5155: 5147: 5141: 5137: 5136: 5128: 5121: 5116: 5108: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5083: 5078: 5077:Alt, Albrecht 5072: 5064: 5058: 5054: 5050: 5043: 5035: 5029: 5025: 5024: 5016: 5008: 5002: 4998: 4997: 4989: 4981: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4962: 4956:, p. 80. 4955: 4950: 4942: 4938: 4932: 4917: 4911: 4904: 4899: 4890: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4842: 4835: 4834:Margalit 1989 4830: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4800: 4796: 4792: 4791: 4787: 4779: 4763: 4759: 4752: 4745: 4740: 4731: 4722: 4713: 4704: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4674: 4670: 4669: 4664: 4658: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4628: 4624: 4623: 4615: 4608: 4603: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4564: 4559: 4555: 4554:Caquot, André 4549: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4510: 4508: 4500: 4499: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4446: 4444: 4437:, p. 14. 4436: 4431: 4429: 4421: 4416: 4410:, p. 39. 4409: 4404: 4398:, p. 92. 4397: 4392: 4385: 4380: 4374:, p. 17. 4373: 4368: 4361: 4356: 4347: 4340: 4334: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4300: 4291: 4285:, p. 43. 4284: 4279: 4273:, p. 19. 4272: 4267: 4259: 4253: 4249: 4248: 4240: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4224: 4220: 4213: 4205: 4199: 4195: 4194: 4189: 4183: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4165: 4163:9780664231354 4159: 4155: 4154: 4149: 4145:For example: 4142: 4136:, p. 41. 4135: 4134:Rahmouni 2007 4130: 4123: 4119: 4114: 4112: 4104: 4099: 4092: 4087: 4081:, p. 79. 4080: 4079:Matthews 2004 4075: 4068: 4062: 4056:, p. 14. 4055: 4050: 4034: 4030: 4024: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3988: 3979: 3975: 3969: 3962: 3957: 3955: 3947: 3942: 3940: 3932: 3927: 3920: 3915: 3911: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3847: 3842: 3839: 3828: 3821: 3817: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3798: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3783: 3779: 3774: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3704: 3702: 3698: 3692: 3687: 3683: 3681: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3664: 3660: 3659:Sanchuniathon 3656: 3652: 3650: 3649:Sanchuniathon 3645: 3643: 3638: 3634: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3618: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3603:Ba'alat Gebal 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3561:) and Earth ( 3560: 3556: 3553:) is not the 3552: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3536: 3535: 3534:Sanchuniathon 3530: 3524:Sanchuniathon 3521: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3498: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3404: 3402: 3397: 3390: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3358: 3353: 3350: 3341: 3335: 3328: 3321: 3317: 3310: 3301: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3282: 3280: 3273: 3264: 3262: 3256: 3254: 3245: 3243: 3242:Exodus 15:11a 3239: 3238:Song of Moses 3234: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3205: 3198: 3194: 3187: 3180: 3178: 3169: 3167: 3161: 3157: 3147: 3145: 3141: 3134: 3125: 3123: 3122:2 Kings 23:15 3116: 3114: 3111:According to 3109: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3084: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3002: 3000: 2996: 2990: 2988: 2984: 2977: 2972: 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2935: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2880: 2876: 2874: 2868: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2806:("Dawn") and 2805: 2800: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2758:abū banī 'ili 2752: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2724: 2716: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2678: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2638: 2636: 2629: 2622: 2617: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2581: 2568: 2563: 2561: 2555: 2547: 2539: 2537: 2533: 2528: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2514: 2509: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2428: 2424: 2422: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2392: 2390: 2386: 2385:Deuteronomist 2382: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2368: 2361: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2330: 2329: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2282: 2279: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2249: 2245: 2240: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2187: 2185: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2143: 2136: 2128: 2126: 2123: 2122:Proto-Semitic 2119: 2115: 2111: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2083: 2080:; cognate to 2078: 2077: 2065: 2057: 2053: 2046: 2042: 2035: 2031: 2024: 2020: 2013: 2009: 2002: 2001: 1993: 1978: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1952: 1930: 1925: 1923: 1918: 1916: 1911: 1910: 1908: 1907: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1874:Inanna/Ishtar 1872: 1867: 1863: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1848: 1843: 1840: 1836: 1831: 1828: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1800: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1792: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1680:Dhu l-Khalasa 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1619: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1587: 1585: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1356: 1351: 1350: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1217:Baʿalat Gebal 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1128: 1127: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 988: 985: 981: 976: 975: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 899: 896: 891: 890: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 829: 826: 821: 820: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 674: 671: 666: 665: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 564: 561: 556: 555: 552: 548: 547: 537: 532: 530: 525: 523: 518: 517: 515: 514: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 353:Baʿalat Gebal 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 310: 309: 308: 305: 302: 301: 296: 293: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 277: 276: 275: 272: 269: 268: 264: 263: 257: 253: 245: 242: 238: 235: 232: 228: 225: 221: 218: 214: 211: 208: 204: 199: 192: 189: 186: 183: 180: 179: 178: 173: 170: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 134: 132: 128: 121: 119: 116: 115: 113: 109: 104: 101: 97: 93: 90: 86: 83: 80: 76: 72: 68: 62: 59: 56: 55: 53: 49: 45: 39: 34: 27: 22: 19: 7435:Creator gods 7412: 7361:Umvelinqangi 7339:Sol Invictus 7185:Great Spirit 7140: 6934:In Mandaeism 6890:Names of God 6846: 6674: 6548: 6524:Baʿal Marqod 6519:Baʿal Ḥammon 6454: 6438:Mesopotamian 6347: 6304: 6275: 6225: 6181: 6173:Becking, Bob 6149: 6136:. Retrieved 6132:the original 6111: 6107: 6083: 6043:. New York: 6039: 6004: 6001: 5979: 5939: 5916: 5879: 5841:. New York: 5837: 5825: 5788: 5784: 5753: 5737:, retrieved 5728: 5718: 5707:, retrieved 5688: 5644: 5600: 5587:. Retrieved 5567: 5563: 5518: 5512: 5502: 5490: 5478: 5459: 5453: 5433: 5426: 5414: 5381: 5377: 5355: 5345: 5326: 5316: 5296: 5289: 5269: 5262: 5242: 5235: 5215: 5208: 5188: 5181: 5161: 5154: 5134: 5127: 5115: 5086: 5081: 5071: 5052: 5042: 5022: 5015: 4995: 4988: 4968: 4961: 4949: 4940: 4931: 4919:. Retrieved 4910: 4898: 4889: 4853:. New York: 4850: 4841: 4829: 4789: 4785: 4778: 4766:. Retrieved 4762:inamidst.com 4761: 4751: 4739: 4734:KTU 1.100.3. 4730: 4721: 4712: 4703: 4667: 4657: 4621: 4614: 4602: 4562: 4548: 4523: 4519: 4496: 4459: 4455: 4415: 4403: 4391: 4379: 4367: 4355: 4346: 4338: 4333: 4308: 4304: 4298: 4290: 4278: 4266: 4246: 4222: 4218: 4212: 4192: 4182: 4172: 4168: 4167: 4152: 4141: 4129: 4118:Leeming 2005 4098: 4093:, p. 6. 4086: 4074: 4066: 4061: 4049: 4037:. Retrieved 4033:the original 4023: 4011:. Retrieved 4004:the original 3985: 3968: 3926: 3914: 3818: 3799: 3775: 3770: 3767:Ba'al Shamîm 3750: 3742: 3722: 3716: 3694: 3689: 3685: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3646: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3619: 3593:(presumably 3549:counterpart 3542: 3532: 3527: 3510:Isaiah 10:13 3502:Numbers 23:8 3499: 3484: 3473: 3464: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3432: 3429:Isaiah 14:13 3426: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3407: 3400: 3392: 3385: 3384: 3376: 3367: 3360: 3354: 3345: 3343: 3330: 3323: 3319: 3312: 3305: 3303: 3294:Ezekiel 28:2 3286: 3284: 3275: 3268: 3266: 3261:Daniel 11:36 3258: 3249: 3247: 3235: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3207: 3200: 3196: 3189: 3185: 3183: 3176: 3172: 3164: 3155: 3150: 3136: 3129: 3127: 3118: 3112: 3110: 3105: 3097: 3094:Albrecht Alt 3090:henotheistic 3087: 3064: 3059:Gustave Doré 3054: 3037:Genesis 4:26 3004: 2992: 2979: 2975: 2973: 2964: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2908: 2904: 2886: 2883:Hebrew Bible 2877: 2869: 2853: 2850: 2834: 2816: 2807: 2803: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2788: 2784: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2740: 2718: 2694: 2682:clay tablets 2679: 2644: 2631: 2624: 2620: 2618: 2609: 2606:Tripolitania 2602:Leptis Magna 2597: 2590:Ēl qōne 'arṣ 2586: 2584: 2571: 2566: 2559: 2553: 2545: 2542: 2529: 2521:Tell-el-Hesi 2510: 2505: 2495: 2479: 2475: 2467: 2453:Amenhotep II 2440: 2434: 2425: 2417: 2399: 2395: 2393: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2324: 2317: 2315: 2309:as "the god 2306: 2302: 2295: 2283: 2204: 2194: 2190: 2188: 2183: 2172: 2167:. Among the 2145: 2138: 2131: 2129: 2106: 2051: 2040: 2029: 2018: 2004: 1972: 1971: 1948: 1869:(NW Semitic) 1861: 1740:Shams, Samas 1611:Part of the 1355:Mesopotamian 1231: 1202:Baʿal Marqod 1197:Baʿal Ḥammon 727:Dhul Khalasa 397: 373:Baʿal Marqod 368:Baʿal Ḥammon 363:Baʿal Berith 280:Mesopotamian 176: 18: 7500:Horned gods 7366:Unkulunkulu 7216:Holy Spirit 7211:Hayyi Rabbi 7199:Wakan Tanka 7173:God the Son 6964:Parvardigar 6954:Ahura Mazda 6901:In Hinduism 6829:Utu/Shamash 6809:Ningishzida 6744:Geshtinanna 6529:Baʿal Ṣapon 6514:Baʿal Berit 6138:8 September 4663:Falk, Avner 4396:Binger 1997 3900:Ahura Mazda 3852:Asia portal 3771:Eternal Sun 3555:creator god 3357:Judges 9:46 3079:Isaiah 27:1 3033:Genesis 2:4 3015:Melchizedek 2961:Book of Job 2829:(the upper 2819:Ba'al cycle 2621:Ugaritica V 2464: 1420 2460: 1435 2449:Tel Lachish 2410:languages. 2165:Mesopotamia 1900:(Palmyrene) 1882:(Palmyrene) 1845:(Palmyrene) 1613:myth series 1551:Utu/Shamash 1501:Ningishzida 1392:Belet Nagar 1362:Adad/Ishkur 1212:Baʿalshamem 1207:Baʿal Ṣapon 907:Inshushinak 383:Baʿalshamem 378:Baʿal Ṣapon 201:Equivalents 122:Other wives 51:Other names 44:Tel Megiddo 7425:El (deity) 7419:Categories 7344:Elagabalus 7156:El Shaddai 6924:In Judaism 6914:In Chinese 6910:Abrahamic 6739:Ereshkigal 6249:2002489996 6003:Trans. in: 5963:2003053218 5900:2005014216 5861:2007023466 5843:Free Press 5703:0674091760 5589:1 February 5564:Orientalia 5552:References 5120:Cross 1973 4954:Smith 2002 4903:Smith 2002 4873:2008034190 4813:2001025261 4768:5 February 4435:Cross 1973 4420:Kugel 2007 4408:Cross 1973 4386:, No. 129. 4372:Cross 1973 4283:Wyatt 2002 4271:Cross 1973 4120:, p. 4103:Smith 2001 4054:Cross 1997 4013:30 October 3961:Archi 2004 3931:Feliu 2007 3761:water god 3759:Babylonian 3607:Persephone 3491:Septuagint 3469:Psalm 36:7 3465:kharrê-'ēl 3437:Ursa Major 3433:kôkkbê 'ēl 3378:Psalm 82:1 3368:Ba'al Brît 3255:), Yahweh? 3041:El Shadday 2995:El Shaddai 2987:Exodus 6:3 2846:Baal Cycle 2772:("King"), 2732:Ba'l Ṣapān 2702:Ras Shamrā 2647:Canaanites 2534:inscribed 2532:Phoenician 2462: – c. 2333:, Aramaic 2229:Phoenician 2181:𒂖𒆪𒉌𒅕𒊭 2023:Phoenician 1887:Nabū, Nebo 1830:Baalshamin 1760:Theandrios 1412:Ereshkigal 912:Ishmekarab 787:Theandrios 717:Baalshamin 707:Atarsamain 304:The Levant 7293:Olodumare 7258:Jehovah 1 7243:Hypsistos 7016:Saraswati 6814:Ninhursag 6799:Nanna/Sin 6684:Abzu/Apsu 6494:Atargatis 5869:181602277 5822:"Kumarbi" 5805:0078-6527 5772:191759910 5676:185400934 5576:0030-5367 5541:0934-2575 5497:, No. 26. 5406:162038758 4881:243545942 4821:497549822 4594:185416183 4325:162288496 4091:Gelb 1961 4000:0255-0962 3906:Footnotes 3725:with the 3625:(perhaps 3583:Aphrodite 3336:('gods'). 3197:God awful 3186:bnê 'ēlîm 3177:bnê 'Ēlîm 3156:bnê 'Ēlîm 3075:Leviathan 3071:storm god 2789:lṭpn wqdš 2781:El gibbōr 2651:Levantine 2610:Ilkunirsa 2598:ʾl qn ʾrṣ 2511:The name 2443:'Lord of 2394:The stem 2387:(D), and 2345:) may be 2341:, Hebrew 2287:Canaanite 2184:Elkunīrša 2173:Elkunirsa 2114:predicate 1835:Canaanite 1822:Atargatis 1810:Palmyrene 1531:Papsukkal 1521:Ninshubur 1506:Ninhursag 1476:Nanna/Sin 1177:Atargatis 1135:Canaanite 1131:Levantine 962:Ruhurater 952:Napirisha 922:Kiririsha 872:Ninkarrak 338:Atargatis 285:Levantine 106:Genealogy 73:Mount Lel 7505:Poseidon 7376:Ik Onkar 7371:Waheguru 7310:Osanobua 7253:Jahbulon 7206:Haneunim 7151:El Elyon 7099:Tad Ekam 7050:Trimurti 7006:Mahadevi 7001:Bhagavan 6929:In Islam 6579:Kotharat 6440:religion 6432:Ancient 6370:76024300 6346:(1977). 6328:59005144 6302:(1959). 6284:78851163 6274:(1970). 6257:48979997 6223:(2002). 6213:39765350 6205:98042505 6179:(1999). 6128:25610200 6081:(2002). 6071:53388532 6063:99058180 6037:(2001). 5971:52380969 5937:(2004). 5908:60492027 5835:(2007). 5739:30 April 5709:30 April 5686:(1997), 5668:72076564 5642:(1973). 5632:37525364 5624:97205267 5584:43078173 5107:45355375 5099:49037141 5079:(1929). 4849:(2009). 4695:32346244 4687:95002895 4665:(1996). 4641:77084547 4586:81117573 4560:(1980). 4190:(2015). 3976:(1969). 3824:See also 3802:Heracles 3749:read as 3741:equates 3735:Karatepe 3731:Poseidon 3713:Poseidon 3707:Poseidon 3701:Augustus 3655:Eusebius 3587:'Ashtart 3539:Eusebius 3493:and the 3461:Psalm 80 3457:arzê-'ēl 3445:hkkbm 'l 3359:we find 3279:El 'Elîm 3166:Psalm 89 3144:Psalm 29 3106:Yiśrā'ēl 3067:Psalm 29 3035:, while 3023:El Elyon 2873:hangover 2843:Ugaritic 2766:ḥātikuka 2751:bny bnwt 2747:'il milk 2711:رأس شمرا 2699:(modern 2671:Poseidon 2645:For the 2560:for ever 2506:ʾL Ḏ ʿLM 2487:Mandaean 2468:ḏū gitti 2441:ḏū gitti 2389:Priestly 2291:Ugaritic 2268:Akkadian 2214:Ugaritic 2169:Hittites 2082:Akkadian 2012:Ugaritic 1951:Ugaritic 1897:Yarhibol 1879:Malakbel 1825:(Syrian) 1765:al-‘Uzzá 1536:Sarpanit 1526:Pabilsag 1511:Ninisina 1436:Manungal 1431:Ishtaran 1377:Asarluhi 1302:Shadrafa 1247:Kotharat 1139:Ugaritic 1074:Pirengir 937:Nahhunte 857:Ḫalabatu 807:Yarhibol 747:Malakbel 702:al-‘Uzzá 612:Nephthys 468:Shadrafa 413:Kotharat 130:Children 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