1878:
million) drawn from an IMF Precautionary Credit Line (PCL) in March, financing mostly came from domestic borrowing. However, by the end of the year a financing gap remained of about 50 million to 60 million euros (approx. $ 67 million to $ 81 million), which the government plans to cover by borrowing from international capital markets, supported by a policy-based guarantee by the World Bank. The central government's public debt remained low at 26% of GDP, but represents a gradual increase from previous years. Despite lowering the
Central Bank bills rate, the Central Bank has not changed liquidity indicators for banks or the reserve requirement since 2009, curbing credit growth to 7.5% in the first three-quarters of 2011. Nikola Gruevski says the government will pay off its entire debt to the private sector by February 2013 in order to improve the economy's overall liquidity. North Macedonia's external trade struggled in 2010 due to the slow recovery from the economic crisis of its main trading partners, particularly EU members. Starting from a very low base, export growth in the first 8 months of 2011 reached 41.7%, topping import growth of 36.8%. The trade deficit has widened to 18.3% of GDP, approaching the end-year target of 21.9% of GDP. At the same time, the current account balance deficit significantly improved and the end-year projection was revised upward to 5.5% of GDP. This was due primarily to a 4.4% higher inflow of current transfers, mostly during the summer, and came despite a poor level of foreign direct investment (FDI) of only $ 237.2 million by end-July 2011. Foreign currency reserves remained at about $ 2.6 billion, a level that comfortably covers 4 months of imports and about 110% of the country's short-term debt.
1709:(EU) and NATO. It became a full World Trade Organization (WTO) member in April 2003. Following a 1997 cooperation agreement with the EU, North Macedonia signed a Stabilization and Association Agreement with the EU in April 2001, giving North Macedonia duty-free access to European markets. In December 2005, it moved a step forward, obtaining candidate country status for EU accession. North Macedonia has had a foreign trade deficit since 1994, which reached a record high of $ 2.873 billion in 2008, or 30.2% of GDP. Total trade in 2010 (imports plus exports of goods and services) was $ 8.752 billion, and the trade deficit amounted to $ 2.149 billion, or 23.4% of GDP. In the first 8 months of 2011, total trade was $ 7.470 billion and the trade deficit was $ 1.778 billion. A significant 56.5% of North Macedonia's total trade was with EU countries. North Macedonia's major trading partners are Germany, Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, Russia, and Italy. In 2010, total trade between North Macedonia and the United States was $ 116.6 million, and in the first 8 months of 2011 it was $ 65 million. U.S. meat, mainly poultry, and electrical machinery and equipment have been particularly attractive to North Macedonia importers. Principal exports from North Macedonia to the United States are tobacco, apparel, iron, and steel.
1474:
economic growth until 1996. Since then, North
Macedonia has maintained macroeconomic stability with low inflation, but it has so far lagged the region in attracting foreign investment and creating jobs, despite making extensive fiscal and business sector reforms. Official unemployment remains high at 24.6% (2015, Q4), but may be overstated based on the existence of an extensive gray market that is not captured by official statistics. In the wake of the global economic downturn, North Macedonia has experienced decreased foreign direct investment, lowered credit availability, and a large trade deficit. However, as a result of conservative fiscal policies and a sound financial system, in 2010 the country credit rating improved slightly to BB+ and was kept at that level in 2011. Macroeconomic stability has been maintained by a prudent monetary policy, which keeps the domestic currency pegged against the euro. As a result, GDP growth was modest, but positive, in 2010 and 2011, and inflation was under control. Latest data from North Macedonia's State Statistical Office show that overall, output for 2012 dropped by 6.6 percent compared to 2011.
1544:
133:
1874:
months of 2011 was 7.5% higher than in the same period of 2010. Low public and external debt and a comfortable level of foreign exchange reserves allowed for further relaxation of monetary policy, with the reference interest rate of the
Central Bank decreasing to 4%. Due to rising prices for energy, fuel, and food on international markets, inflation increased in the first half of 2011, but later decreased to an annualized rate of 3.4% at the end of September. The official unemployment rate dropped to 24.6% in the fourth quarter of 2015, but remained one of the highest in Europe. Many people work in the gray economy, and many experts estimate North Macedonia's actual unemployment is lower.
968:
806:
1713:
membership in the
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA). North Macedonia also has concluded an "Agreement for Promotion and Protection of Foreign Direct Investments" with Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Belarus, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Egypt, Iran, Italy, India, Spain, Serbia, Montenegro, People's Republic of China, South Korea, Malaysia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Turkey, Ukraine, Hungary, Finland, France, the Netherlands, Croatia, Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Sweden.
1840:
dropped to 16.6% (2019), with population below the poverty line also dropping from 30.4% (2011) to 21.5% (2015), it is reasonable to assume that based on the trend over the past few years, further declines are likely for both unemployment and poverty. Full-time employment has risen steadily over the last few years, with part-time employment trending slightly downward over the same period resulting in an overall increase to employment, wages increased sharply after 2008, with steady increases continuing into 2016
5854:
820:
898:
792:
1155:
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618:
610:
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442:
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3127:(Macedonian opium was top quality and was exported all over the world. Here's why its production ceased.) 2013-07-05. Source of this publication is given as: Vladan Jovanovic (Владан Јовановиќ), „Македонски опиум: за финансиските и политичките размери на феноменот (1918-1941)“ (Macedonian opium: on the financial and political dimensions of the phenomenon), Годишњак за социјална историја (Yearbook of Social History), vol XVI no. 3, Belgrade, 2009, pp. 69–79.
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1010:
778:
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1052:
1038:
848:
24:
996:
954:
834:
722:
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912:
750:
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708:
1323:
1024:
764:
1238:
1111:
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679:
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500:
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and social protection, and increase the use of sustainable energy. This assistance also includes a commitment of $ 30 million in direct budget support in the form of a policy-based guarantee by the World Bank to the government to facilitate its access to financing from international capital markets, a process that had been started as of
November 2011.
1885:
North
Macedonia became the first country eligible for the IMF's Precautionary Credit Line in January 2011. This program gives North Macedonia a line of credit worth 475 million euros (about $ 675 million) over 2 years, intended to be accessed only in case of need brought about by external shocks. The
1881:
In
October 2010, the World Bank Board of Directors approved a new Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) with North Macedonia for the period 2011–2014. This CPS will provide the country assistance of about $ 100 million in funding for the first 2 years to improve competitiveness, strengthen employability
1873:
Real GDP in the first half of 2011 increased by 5.2%. This robust growth was mainly driven by 23.6% growth in the construction sector; 13.2% in mining, quarrying, and manufacturing; 12.4% in wholesale and retail trade; and 4.2% in transport and communication services. Industrial output in the first 8
1417:
ended, the local economy began to experience revitalization by way of subsidies from
Federal Belgrade. The subsidies assisted North Macedonia to redevelop its "lost" industry and shift its agricultural-centered economy to an industry-centered economy with new hearts of industry emerging all over the
1839:
Unemployment is a continuing problem in the
Republic's economy where a large percentage of the Republic's qualified labor force cannot find work. Many people lost their jobs with the collapse of Yugoslavia. As a result, national unemployment was above 35% (37.30% in 2005), but that number has since
1468:
North
Macedonia is vulnerable to economic developments in Europe - due to strong banking and trade ties - and dependent on regional integration and progress toward EU membership for continued economic growth. At independence in September 1991, North Macedonia was the least developed of the Yugoslav
1877:
The government budget has generally kept within projections. The budget deficit at the end of August 2011 reached about 2% of GDP, and fiscal authorities seemed committed to keeping it under the projected target of 2.5% of GDP by the end of the year. In addition to 220 million euros (approx. $ 298
1658:
In September 2019, it was said that "thermal power plants account for 842 MW of North Macedonia’s total power generation capacity of 1.41 GW, with hydroelectricity and wind accounting for 553.6 MW and 36.8 MW, respectively." There are 20 economically-exploitable locations for coal in the country,
1473:
ended transfer payments from the central government and eliminated advantages from inclusion in a de facto free trade area. An absence of infrastructure, UN sanctions on the downsized Yugoslavia, and a Greek economic embargo over a dispute about the country's constitutional name and flag hindered
1300:
Successful privatization in 2000 boosted the country's reserves to over $ 700 million. Also, the leadership demonstrated a continuing commitment to economic reform, free trade, and regional integration. The economy can meet its basic food, coal and hydroelectric power needs but depends on outside
1712:
North Macedonia has bilateral free trade agreements with Ukraine, Turkey, and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA—Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein). Bilateral agreements with Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and Moldova were replaced by
2573:
3020:
1292:
and foreign aid have softened the subsequent volatile recovery period. The country's GDP has increased each year except in 2001, rising by 5% in 2000. However, growth in 1999 was held down by the severe regional economic dislocations caused by the
3024:
1529:(FEZ) policy, in which more than a dozen geographically disparate FEZs have sprouted. One benefit is a tax holiday for 10 years. The social contribution rate hovered at approximately 30% for the five-year period to 2019.
1429:, the economy experienced several shocks that damaged the local economy. Starting with the Western embargo on the Yugoslavian common market, and ending with the Greek embargo on Macedonia over the
4809:
2471:
3731:
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credit line was approved after extensive consultations with the IMF in October and December 2010. The IMF expects that there will be no additional withdrawals from the PCL.
1693:. Gold, silver, lead, copper, iron, nickel, zinc, gypsum and sulfur have been or are now being economically exploited. Marble has since Ancient Greek days been quarried at
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4909:
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country in Veles, Bitola, Štip and Kumanovo. Previously, Skopje was the only industrial centre in North Macedonia, this expanded to several other cities during
3162:
3124:
4704:
2652:
4954:
3788:
3495:
2718:
2529:
5141:
4233:
3075:
4819:
4727:
353:
3929:
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527:
523:
508:
5516:
4299:
3952:
2500:
88:
41:
3300:
3813:
3793:
1305:
jumped to 11% in 2000 largely due to higher oil prices, but the currency has calmed since the exchange rate was normalised when the EU
1269:
in 1991, which deprived the country of its key protected markets and the large transfer payments from Belgrade. Prior to independence,
651:
634:
60:
3562:
4763:
4223:
4047:
3050:
1649:
358:
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4747:
3631:
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1266:
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1406:. However, outdated techniques to produce the goods persisted. The stagnation of the regional economy began under the rule of the
1391:, introduced into the region in 1835, became an important crop as well by the late 19th century, and remained so until the 1930s.
67:
5884:
5836:
5116:
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4824:
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4697:
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2925:
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1543:
4057:
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3435:
3137:
1482:
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1306:
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was Yugoslavia's poorest republic (only 5% of the total federal output of goods and services). An absence of infrastructure,
1101:
177:
3220:
132:
74:
5146:
3975:
3874:
3488:
3400:
2761:
1145:
1659:
whose total geological reserves are estimated at 2,5 billion tons. There exist four hydroelectric reservoirs, located at:
1340:
5879:
5631:
4834:
4213:
4081:
5754:
4427:
4218:
4208:
3721:
3654:
3579:
1414:
1194:
270:
56:
3522:
5176:
4690:
4357:
3957:
3939:
3879:
3854:
2695:
1362:
107:
5506:
4839:
4037:
3352:
137:
3378:
1441:, when its economy contracted. The crisis had little impact on the country. North Macedonia today maintains a low
4292:
4163:
4093:
3980:
3914:
3753:
3746:
3481:
2990:
1897:, released in January, 2012 by the conservative U.S. think tank Heritage Foundation and the Wall Street Journal.
1490:
582:
382:
3169:
2792:
5606:
5016:
4032:
3985:
3459:
2778:
1538:
1438:
664:
food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals, automotive parts
588:
388:
275:
45:
1525:
In a bid to attract more interest from domestic and foreign investors after 2000 the government has pursued a
5714:
5681:
5636:
4671:
4564:
4377:
4228:
4193:
3823:
3110:
1375:
North Macedonia's economy has almost always been completely agricultural in nature from the beginning of the
576:
376:
5641:
5216:
4630:
4402:
4130:
4113:
4098:
4067:
3934:
3919:
3837:
3776:
3726:
3706:
3451:
1434:
550:
538:
5471:
4203:
4135:
3924:
3898:
3884:
3540:
2969:
2921:
2896:
2581:
2479:
2750:
81:
5784:
5551:
5486:
4742:
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4597:
4484:
4285:
4252:
4150:
4108:
4062:
3864:
3716:
3676:
3557:
3513:
2795:, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate) - North Macedonia | Data |url=
1849:
1684:
1344:
1333:
1469:
republics, producing a mere 5% of the total federal output of goods and services. The collapse of the
4168:
4125:
4052:
3992:
3083:
1894:
1228:
1164:
1069:
2961:
2600:
5341:
5241:
4804:
4713:
4602:
4449:
4261:
4198:
4140:
4002:
3808:
3803:
2796:
2758:
1430:
692:
foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco; textiles, miscellaneous manufactures, iron, steel; automotive parts
173:
5556:
5541:
5526:
5366:
5081:
4737:
4607:
4569:
4183:
3997:
3595:
1202:
489:
253:
34:
3125:Македонскиот опиум бил најбаран и се извезувал во цел свет – еве зошто престанало производството
1265:
has become more liberalized, with an improved business environment, since its independence from
5571:
5511:
5426:
5311:
5191:
5156:
4996:
4864:
4768:
4549:
4266:
3781:
3758:
3649:
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3590:
227:
2626:
5774:
5576:
5536:
5411:
5401:
5376:
5351:
5321:
5301:
5211:
5151:
5111:
5041:
4970:
4519:
4479:
4459:
4439:
4342:
4188:
4178:
3869:
3798:
3304:
2994:
1301:
sources for all of its petroleum and natural gas and most of its modern machinery and parts.
1278:
5769:
5651:
5561:
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5431:
5381:
5276:
5261:
5231:
5031:
5021:
4635:
4454:
4158:
3569:
2993:[Decline of public and public debt in 2017, the first since 2009] (in Macedonian).
1419:
1380:
1249:
407:
3664:
8:
5809:
5804:
5794:
5699:
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5591:
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5396:
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4950:
4844:
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4640:
4587:
4534:
4529:
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4362:
3552:
3168:. Directorate for Technological Industrial Development Zones. 10 May 2021. Archived from
2865:
2830:
2681:
1445:
and is experiencing a revitalized investment interest by companies from Turkey, Algeria,
4625:
3659:
5799:
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5739:
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3619:
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1526:
1399:
196:
4960:
5819:
5789:
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5709:
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5501:
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5356:
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5011:
4778:
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1407:
422:
5814:
5779:
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5601:
5521:
5491:
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5346:
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5221:
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5131:
5126:
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4773:
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3105:
1890:
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462:
148:
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5201:
5161:
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1433:. The economy began to recover in 1995 and experienced a full recovery after the
1270:
5853:
5843:
4975:
4732:
3639:
3614:
1706:
1486:
1403:
1395:
1376:
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903:
825:
797:
5873:
4118:
2793:
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS?locations=MK=Unemployment
1506:
1426:
1402:
was responsible for large outputs of textiles and several other goods in the
1121:
5858:
4854:
4783:
4682:
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3194:
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3671:
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2998:
2683:
Europe Central Asia Economic Update, Spring 2020 : Fighting COVID-19
1570:
1494:
1388:
1215:
241:
181:
157:
3356:
3686:
3428:
Dark Finance: Illiquidity and Authoritarianism at the Margins of Europe
3079:
2687:
2508:
1612:
1461:
1294:
1289:
643:
480:
2779:"Active Population in the Republic of North Macedonia, I quarter 2024"
1675:. The first two produce energy, while the latter two are speculative.
3535:
1690:
1660:
1302:
882:
machinery and equipment, automobiles, chemicals, fuels, food products
403:
4277:
3456:
3327:"Macedonia - Full Time Employment - Actual Data - Historical Charts"
2991:"Пад на државниот и јавниот долг во 2017 година, прв од 2009 година"
2719:"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey"
1672:
1664:
1457:
23:
2844:
2809:
2726:
2660:
2537:
1640:
In addition to smaller productions of other agricultural products.
1633:
987:
741:
3468:
3051:"How Fitch, Moody's and S&P rate each country's credit rating"
1477:
As of 2020, the country had signed free trade agreements with the
1394:
The role of industry in the region's economy increased during the
3849:
1668:
1584:
1514:
1502:
1446:
1057:
1043:
1015:
931:
853:
783:
713:
5837:
Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China
2797:
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.ZS?locations=MK
1705:
North Macedonia remains committed to pursuing membership in the
1854:
1605:
1591:
1577:
1510:
1498:
1282:
1001:
959:
945:
917:
839:
755:
727:
5844:
Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu
2799:|access-date=2022-10-11 |website=The World Bank (IBRD - IDA)}}
1437:. Macedonia's GDP grew by an average of 6% annually until the
3275:"State Statistical Office of the Republic of North Macedonia"
1858:
1694:
1626:
1619:
1598:
1563:
1556:
1029:
973:
811:
769:
3221:"North Macedonian utility embraces solar at expense of coal"
1387:. It concentrated on pasture farming and vineyard growing.
3469:
Directorate for Technological Industrial Development Zones
3301:"Macedonia Unemployment Rate | Forecast | Chart"
2810:"Average monthly gross wage paid per employee, April 2023"
5839:, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".
2845:"Average monthly net wage paid per employee, April 2023"
1654:
Category:Hydroelectric power stations in North Macedonia
3199:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
2877:
2875:
2631:
Republic of North Macedonia - State Statistical Office
1689:
The country has been home to mines since at least the
1285:
economic embargo hindered economic growth until 1996.
4830:
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
3353:"Macedonia - Wages - Actual Data - Historical Charts"
1343:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are
2773:
2771:
1861:
is a popular tourist destination in North Macedonia.
5842:
Officially the Republic of China, participates as "
3401:"Serbia, Bosnia Rank Low on Economic Freedom Index"
2883:"Клучни показатели од областа: Надворешна трговија"
2872:
445:
41.1% at risk of poverty or social exclusion (2018)
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3452:Ministry of Economy of Republic of North Macedonia
2768:
5871:
3379:"Macedonia PM Vows to Repay Private Sector Debt"
2653:"People at risk of poverty or social exclusion"
2627:"Laeken poverty indicators in 2020 -final data"
2595:
2593:
2591:
1092:Abroad: $ 1.169 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
1865:Tourism is a significant part of the economy.
5680:
4698:
4293:
3489:
2472:"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019"
4712:
3809:2016 Macedonian protests-Colorful Revolution
3503:
3049:Rogers, Simon; Sedghi, Ami (15 April 2011).
3048:
2588:
1248:All values, unless otherwise stated, are in
3044:
3042:
4705:
4691:
4300:
4286:
3814:2017 storming of the Macedonian Parliament
3794:2014 Macedonian government building attack
3496:
3482:
3138:"Macedonia's Output Drops for Entire Year"
2956:
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2952:
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2946:
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2942:
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2564:
2562:
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2558:
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2554:
131:
2914:
2889:
2674:
1650:List of power stations in North Macedonia
1363:Learn how and when to remove this message
1154:
1130:
617:
609:
471:
441:
433:
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
3425:
3195:"FAOSTAT - Crops and livestock products"
3163:"Republic of North Macedonia Free Zones"
3157:
3155:
3039:
2707:– via openknowledge.worldbank.org.
1853:
1678:
1542:
1471:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
1464:, breadbasket region of North Macedonia.
1456:
1339:Relevant discussion may be found on the
3076:"Doing Business in Macedonia, FYR 2013"
3023:. Standard & Poor's. Archived from
2939:
2551:
2501:"World Bank Country and Lending Groups"
1900:
1483:Stabilisation and Association Agreement
1307:Stabilisation and Association Agreement
1241:$ 2.802 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
1084:$ 6.937 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
5872:
4800:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
2926:The Observatory of Economic Complexity
2901:The Observatory of Economic Complexity
2759:HDRO (Human Development Report Office)
2745:
2743:
1520:
1134:$ 8.79 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
4686:
4307:
4281:
3477:
3244:
3242:
3152:
3106:"Macedonia's dispute with Greece ESI"
1893:in the region, according to the 2012
1479:Central European Free Trade Agreement
1277:sanctions on its largest market (the
453:16.9% on less than $ 5.50/day (2020f)
2762:United Nations Development Programme
1452:
1316:
46:adding citations to reliable sources
17:
4810:Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
2740:
1435:2001 insurgency by ethnic Albanians
635:MKD 61,569 / €1,000.00 / $ 1,117.20
13:
3419:
3239:
1551:North Macedonia produced in 2020:
222:1,829,713 (2023 state statistics)
14:
5896:
5846:", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.
4820:Trade-Related Investment Measures
3445:
2690:. 9 April 2020. pp. 63, 64.
1868:
5852:
5142:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1509:, and bilateral agreements with
1427:the fall of Socialist Yugoslavia
1400:geographical region of Macedonia
1321:
1237:
1236:
1153:
1129:
1110:
1109:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1079:
1050:
1036:
1022:
1008:
994:
980:
966:
952:
938:
924:
910:
896:
868:
867:
846:
832:
818:
804:
790:
776:
762:
748:
734:
720:
706:
678:
677:
616:
608:
545:
544:
515:
514:
499:
498:
470:
448:
440:
432:
333:
332:
325:
324:
248:
247:
236:
235:
218:
217:
138:National Bank of North Macedonia
22:
3747:Refugees of the Greek Civil War
3393:
3371:
3345:
3319:
3293:
3267:
3213:
3187:
3130:
3118:
3098:
3013:
2983:
2837:
2802:
2785:
2751:"Human Development Index (HDI)"
1716:
1491:European Free Trade Association
652:MKD 40,961 / €665.14 / $ 743.26
621:27.2% youth unemployment (2023)
33:needs additional citations for
5885:Economies of Europe by country
5517:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
2922:"Import partners of Macedonia"
2897:"Export partners of Macedonia"
2711:
2645:
2619:
2522:
2493:
2464:
1539:Agriculture in North Macedonia
1532:
1279:Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
449:
1:
3824:2022 North Macedonia protests
3430:. Stanford University Press.
3111:European Stability Initiative
2607:. Central Intelligence Agency
2574:"International Monetary Fund"
2457:
1889:North Macedonia has the best
3727:Independent Macedonia (1944)
1309:entered into force in 2004.
549:41 out of 100 points (2023,
539:Corruption Perceptions Index
329:$ 8,847 (nominal, 2024 est.)
57:"Economy of North Macedonia"
7:
4815:Technical Barriers to Trade
2970:Central Intelligence Agency
2582:International Monetary Fund
2480:International Monetary Fund
1547:Vineyard in North Macedonia
201:Upper-middle income economy
10:
5901:
5880:Economy of North Macedonia
4743:International Trade Centre
3789:2012 inter-ethnic violence
2601:"Europe :: Macedonia"
2505:datahelpdesk.worldbank.org
1850:Tourism in North Macedonia
1847:
1843:
1685:Geology of North Macedonia
1682:
1647:
1536:
1439:2007–2008 financial crisis
1312:
1263:economy of North Macedonia
1172:−2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
1114:−$ 151 million (2017 est.)
569:Labour force by occupation
271:133rd (nominal, 2023 est.)
5832:
4989:
4943:
4863:
4792:
4756:
4720:
4664:
4616:
4578:
4315:
4246:
4149:
4089:
4080:
4028:
4019:
3971:
3948:
3910:
3906:
3897:
3845:
3836:
3767:
3742:National Liberation Front
3722:War in Yugoslav Macedonia
3685:
3630:
3578:
3521:
3512:
3250:"Thermal Plants – AD ESM"
2530:"Population on 1 January"
1895:Index of Economic Freedom
1643:
1245:
1226:
1192:
1188:3.605 billion (2017 est.)
1184:
1180:3.295 billion (2017 est.)
1176:
1162:
1143:
1138:
1118:
1099:
1067:
886:
876:
863:
696:
686:
673:
668:
658:
641:
628:
601:
567:
557:
536:
487:
460:
418:
401:
367:
354:83rd (nominal, 2023 est.)
344:
337:$ 25,586 (PPP, 2024 est.)
315:
284:
263:
226:
213:
208:
187:
167:
155:
144:
130:
5117:Central African Republic
4748:Chronology of key events
4728:Accession and membership
4714:World Trade Organization
3953:Administrative divisions
3804:2015 Macedonian protests
3426:Mattioli, Fabio (2020).
3021:"Sovereigns rating list"
1700:
1431:Macedonia naming dispute
1379:when it was part of the
4738:Dispute Settlement Body
1923:(in bil. US$ nominal)
872:$ 12,053 billion (2023)
490:Human Development Index
4840:Information Technology
4835:Government Procurement
4769:Doha Development Round
4358:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3759:1963 Skopje earthquake
3732:Anti-Fascist Assembly
3457:Invest North Macedonia
1862:
1548:
1465:
1222:Outlook: Stable (2011)
1213:Outlook: Stable (2014)
1211:BB(T&C Assessment)
682:$ 8,996 billion (2023)
276:127th (PPP, 2023 est.)
5147:Republic of the Congo
4971:Supachai Panitchpakdi
3819:2018 Prespa agreement
3799:2015 Kumanovo clashes
3462:7 August 2014 at the
2995:Republic of Macedonia
2657:ec.europa.eu/eurostat
2534:ec.europa.eu/eurostat
1857:
1679:Mining and metallurgy
1546:
1460:
1203:Standard & Poor's
359:80th (PPP, 2023 est.)
5632:United Arab Emirates
4234:World Heritage Sites
3860:Environmental issues
3700:Bulgarian occupation
3650:Macedonian awakening
2962:"The World Factbook"
1901:Macroeconomic trends
1420:Socialist Yugoslavia
1332:factual accuracy is
888:Main import partners
698:Main export partners
654:monthly (July, 2024)
637:monthly (July, 2024)
630:Average gross salary
42:improve this article
5607:Trinidad and Tobago
5507:St. Kitts and Nevis
5017:Antigua and Barbuda
4951:Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
4845:Marrakesh Agreement
4579:States with limited
3963:Statistical regions
3677:Treaty of Bucharest
3645:Karposh's rebellion
3563:Macedonia Salutaris
3553:Kingdom of Dardania
3381:. 26 September 2012
3227:. 25 September 2019
1913:(in bil. US$ PPP)
1521:Free Economic Zones
1158:47.3% of GDP (2017)
346:GDP per capita rank
197:Developing/Emerging
169:Trade organisations
127:
5177:Dominican Republic
4309:Economy of Europe
4058:Telecommunications
3754:Socialist Republic
3541:Kingdom of Macedon
3201:. 17 February 2022
3175:on 7 February 2022
3086:on 23 October 2012
2605:The World Factbook
1928:(in US$ nominal)
1863:
1549:
1527:Free economic zone
1466:
645:Average net salary
122:
5867:
5866:
5828:
5827:
4825:Trade in Services
4779:Quota Elimination
4680:
4679:
4275:
4274:
4242:
4241:
4076:
4075:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4010:
3976:Foreign relations
3930:Political parties
3893:
3892:
3832:
3831:
3665:Kruševo Manifesto
3620:Kingdom of Prilep
3608:Theme of Bulgaria
3587:Bulgarian Empire
3437:978-1-5036-1294-5
3403:. 13 January 2012
3359:on 28 August 2016
3333:on 28 August 2016
2455:
2454:
1837:
1836:
1453:Economic activity
1443:debt-to-GDP ratio
1408:Kingdom of Serbia
1373:
1372:
1365:
1258:
1257:
420:Population below
252:$ 45.90 billion (
240:$ 15.87 billion (
118:
117:
110:
92:
5892:
5859:World portal
5857:
5856:
5678:
5677:
5472:Papua New Guinea
4955:Director-General
4850:Doha Declaration
4774:Singapore issues
4707:
4700:
4693:
4684:
4683:
4617:Dependencies and
4316:Sovereign states
4302:
4295:
4288:
4279:
4278:
4255:
4214:National symbols
4087:
4086:
4026:
4025:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3843:
3842:
3735:
3660:Kruševo Republic
3655:Ilinden Uprising
3603:Byzantine Empire
3519:
3518:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3475:
3474:
3441:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3355:. Archived from
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3329:. Archived from
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3303:. Archived from
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3246:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3217:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3174:
3167:
3159:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3082:. Archived from
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3027:on 29 March 2012
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3001:on 12 April 2019
2997:. Archived from
2987:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2958:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2885:(in Macedonian).
2879:
2870:
2869:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2848:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2813:
2806:
2800:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2775:
2766:
2765:
2747:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2597:
2586:
2585:
2570:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2468:
1931:GDP growth rate
1905:
1904:
1891:economic freedom
1721:
1720:
1618:106,000 tons of
1611:125,000 tons of
1604:148,000 tons of
1597:150,000 tons of
1590:155,000 tons of
1583:168,000 tons of
1576:193,000 tons of
1569:205,000 tons of
1562:246,000 tons of
1555:318,000 tons of
1385:Salonica vilayet
1368:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1345:reliably sourced
1325:
1324:
1317:
1240:
1239:
1231:
1230:Foreign reserves
1197:
1167:
1157:
1156:
1148:
1133:
1132:
1124:
1113:
1112:
1104:
1091:
1090:
1083:
1082:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1000:
998:
997:
986:
984:
983:
972:
970:
969:
958:
956:
955:
944:
942:
941:
930:
928:
927:
916:
914:
913:
902:
900:
899:
871:
870:
852:
850:
849:
838:
836:
835:
824:
822:
821:
810:
808:
807:
796:
794:
793:
782:
780:
779:
768:
766:
765:
754:
752:
751:
740:
738:
737:
726:
724:
723:
712:
710:
709:
681:
680:
646:
620:
619:
613:12.5% (Q2, 2024)
612:
611:
548:
547:
522:
518:
517:
506:
502:
501:
478:
474:
473:
465:
464:Gini coefficient
452:
451:
444:
443:
436:
435:
425:
336:
335:
328:
327:
307:
301:
295:
251:
250:
239:
238:
221:
220:
149:Macedonian denar
135:
128:
126:
121:
113:
106:
102:
99:
93:
91:
50:
26:
18:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5863:
5851:
5824:
5676:
5552:Solomon Islands
5447:North Macedonia
4985:
4961:Roberto Azevêdo
4939:
4866:
4859:
4788:
4752:
4716:
4711:
4681:
4676:
4660:
4618:
4612:
4598:Northern Cyprus
4580:
4574:
4490:North Macedonia
4311:
4306:
4276:
4271:
4258:
4251:
4238:
4219:Public holidays
4209:National emblem
4145:
4072:
4007:
3993:Law enforcement
3967:
3944:
3889:
3828:
3782:Ohrid Agreement
3777:2001 insurgency
3763:
3733:
3712:Vardar Banovina
3681:
3626:
3574:
3546:Upper Macedonia
3508:
3505:North Macedonia
3502:
3464:Wayback Machine
3448:
3438:
3422:
3420:Further reading
3417:
3416:
3406:
3404:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3384:
3382:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3336:
3334:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3310:
3308:
3307:on 5 April 2016
3299:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3282:
3281:(in Macedonian)
3279:www.stat.gov.mk
3273:
3272:
3268:
3258:
3256:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3230:
3228:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3204:
3202:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3140:. February 2013
3136:
3135:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3087:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3059:
3057:
3047:
3040:
3030:
3028:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3004:
3002:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2974:
2972:
2960:
2959:
2940:
2930:
2928:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2903:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2881:
2880:
2873:
2861:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2847:. 20 June 2023.
2843:
2842:
2838:
2826:
2824:
2815:
2814:
2812:. 20 June 2023.
2808:
2807:
2803:
2790:
2786:
2777:
2776:
2769:
2749:
2748:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2636:
2634:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2599:
2598:
2589:
2572:
2571:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2460:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1903:
1871:
1852:
1846:
1719:
1703:
1687:
1681:
1656:
1646:
1632:49,000 tons of
1625:63,000 tons of
1541:
1535:
1523:
1455:
1381:Sanjak of Üsküp
1369:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1338:
1330:This article's
1326:
1322:
1315:
1271:North Macedonia
1260:
1254:
1233:
1229:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1199:
1195:
1169:
1165:
1150:
1147:Government debt
1146:
1139:Public finances
1126:
1122:
1106:
1103:Current account
1102:
1095:
1073:
1063:
1051:
1049:
1037:
1035:
1023:
1021:
1009:
1007:
995:
993:
981:
979:
967:
965:
953:
951:
939:
937:
925:
923:
911:
909:
897:
895:
889:
879:
859:
847:
845:
833:
831:
819:
817:
805:
803:
791:
789:
777:
775:
763:
761:
749:
747:
735:
733:
721:
719:
707:
705:
699:
689:
661:
660:Main industries
648:
644:
631:
624:
597:
570:
560:
541:
532:
520:
504:
492:
481:Data World Bank
476:
467:
463:
456:
426:
421:
411:
397:
370:
363:
347:
340:
318:
311:
305:
299:
293:
287:
280:
259:
204:
190:
170:
160:
140:
125:North Macedonia
124:
114:
103:
97:
94:
51:
49:
39:
27:
12:
11:
5:
5898:
5888:
5887:
5882:
5865:
5864:
5848:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5715:Czech Republic
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5686:
5684:
5682:European Union
5675:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5637:United Kingdom
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4991:
4987:
4986:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4976:Alejandro Jara
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4871:
4869:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4796:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
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3577:
3571:
3570:Roman Diocese
3568:
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2178:
2175:
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2170:
2167:
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2158:
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2138:
2135:
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2115:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2104:
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2098:
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2090:
2087:
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2075:
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2070:
2067:
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2044:
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2038:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
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1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
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1507:Liechtenstein
1504:
1500:
1496:
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1488:
1484:
1481:(CEFTA), the
1480:
1475:
1472:
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1459:
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1207:BB-(Domestic)
1204:
1201:
1198:
1196:Credit rating
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1161:
1152:
1149:
1142:
1137:
1128:
1125:
1123:external debt
1117:
1108:
1105:
1098:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1059:
1048:
1045:
1034:
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1020:
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1006:
1003:
992:
989:
978:
975:
964:
961:
950:
947:
936:
933:
922:
919:
908:
905:
894:
893:
891:
885:
881:
875:
866:
862:
855:
844:
841:
830:
827:
816:
813:
802:
799:
788:
785:
774:
771:
760:
757:
746:
743:
732:
729:
718:
715:
704:
703:
701:
695:
691:
685:
676:
672:
667:
663:
657:
653:
650:
647:
640:
636:
633:
627:
615:
607:
606:
604:
600:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
574:
572:
566:
562:
556:
552:
543:
540:
535:
529:
525:
513:
510:
497:
496:
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491:
486:
482:
469:
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459:
447:
439:
431:
430:
428:
424:
417:
413:
409:
405:
400:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
374:
372:
369:GDP by sector
366:
360:
357:
355:
352:
351:
349:
343:
331:
323:
322:
320:
314:
304:
298:
292:
291:
289:
283:
277:
274:
272:
269:
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207:
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189:Country group
186:
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172:
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163:calendar уеаr
162:
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143:
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120:
112:
109:
101:
98:November 2010
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
62:
59: –
58:
54:
53:Find sources:
47:
43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
5850:
5849:
5557:South Africa
5542:Sierra Leone
5527:Saudi Arabia
5446:
5082:Burkina Faso
4855:Bali Package
4784:Peace Clause
4608:Transnistria
4570:Vatican City
4489:
4164:Architecture
4094:Demographics
4038:Central bank
4020:
3981:Human rights
3915:Constitution
3717:World War II
3707:South Serbia
3427:
3405:. Retrieved
3395:
3383:. Retrieved
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3357:the original
3347:
3335:. Retrieved
3331:the original
3321:
3309:. Retrieved
3305:the original
3295:
3283:. Retrieved
3278:
3269:
3257:. Retrieved
3253:
3229:. Retrieved
3224:
3215:
3203:. Retrieved
3198:
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3170:the original
3142:. Retrieved
3132:
3120:
3109:
3100:
3088:. Retrieved
3084:the original
3070:
3058:. Retrieved
3055:The Guardian
3054:
3029:. Retrieved
3025:the original
3015:
3003:. Retrieved
2999:the original
2985:
2973:. Retrieved
2965:
2929:. Retrieved
2916:
2904:. Retrieved
2891:
2839:
2804:
2787:
2755:hdr.undp.org
2754:
2730:. Retrieved
2723:ec.europa.eu
2722:
2713:
2701:. Retrieved
2682:
2676:
2664:. Retrieved
2656:
2647:
2635:. Retrieved
2633:. 6 May 2022
2630:
2621:
2609:. Retrieved
2604:
2577:
2541:. Retrieved
2533:
2524:
2514:29 September
2512:. Retrieved
2504:
2495:
2485:29 September
2483:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1864:
1838:
1800:Percent (%)
1717:Unemployment
1711:
1704:
1688:
1657:
1639:
1550:
1524:
1493:(EFTA) with
1476:
1467:
1424:
1415:World War II
1412:
1393:
1374:
1359:
1350:
1331:
1299:
1287:
1262:
1259:
1247:
1209:BB-(Foreign)
878:Import goods
688:Export goods
602:Unemployment
559:Labour force
437:21.8% (2020)
423:poverty line
308: (2024)
302: (2023)
296: (2022)
256:, 2024 est.)
244:, 2024 est.)
119:
104:
95:
85:
78:
71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
5785:Netherlands
5572:Switzerland
5487:Philippines
5427:New Zealand
5312:South Korea
5192:El Salvador
5157:Ivory Coast
4997:Afghanistan
4981:Rufus Yerxa
4966:Pascal Lamy
4935:13th (2024)
4930:12th (2022)
4925:11th (2017)
4920:10th (2015)
4867:Conferences
4865:Ministerial
4805:Agriculture
4646:Isle of Man
4581:recognition
4550:Switzerland
4485:Netherlands
4109:Macedonians
4033:Agriculture
3695:World War I
3672:Balkan Wars
3005:18 February
2732:26 December
2666:26 December
2611:19 February
1724:Unemployed
1571:bell pepper
1533:Agriculture
1495:Switzerland
1389:Opium poppy
1290:remittances
1060:2.3% (2022)
856:1.4% (2022)
577:agriculture
414:4.0% (2024)
377:agriculture
182:Open Balkan
158:Fiscal year
123:Economy of
5874:Categories
5775:Luxembourg
5577:Tajikistan
5537:Seychelles
5412:Mozambique
5402:Montenegro
5377:Mauritania
5352:Madagascar
5322:Kyrgyzstan
5302:Kazakhstan
5212:The Gambia
5152:Costa Rica
5112:Cape Verde
5042:Bangladesh
4915:9th (2013)
4910:8th (2011)
4905:7th (2009)
4900:6th (2005)
4895:5th (2003)
4890:4th (2001)
4885:3rd (1999)
4880:2nd (1998)
4875:1st (1996)
4793:Agreements
4520:San Marino
4480:Montenegro
4460:Luxembourg
4440:Kazakhstan
4343:Azerbaijan
4229:Television
4189:Literature
4179:Embroidery
3925:Parliament
3687:Yugoslavia
3259:11 October
3231:11 October
3205:11 October
3090:21 October
3080:World Bank
2862:|url=
2827:|url=
2688:World Bank
2637:11 October
2509:World Bank
2458:References
1648:See also:
1613:watermelon
1462:Pelagonija
1295:Kosovo War
1267:Yugoslavia
1250:US dollars
286:GDP growth
214:Population
209:Statistics
151:(den, MKD)
68:newspapers
5770:Lithuania
5652:Venezuela
5562:Sri Lanka
5547:Singapore
5512:St. Lucia
5432:Nicaragua
5382:Mauritius
5277:Indonesia
5262:Hong Kong
5232:Guatemala
5032:Australia
5022:Argentina
4764:Criticism
4636:Gibraltar
4455:Lithuania
4204:Mythology
4131:Languages
4114:Albanians
4099:Education
4068:Transport
3935:President
3920:Elections
3875:Mountains
3838:Geography
3536:Pelagonia
3363:24 August
3337:24 August
1691:Roman era
1661:Pelagonia
1485:with the
1353:June 2012
1341:talk page
1303:Inflation
1281:), and a
551:76th rank
404:Inflation
5810:Slovenia
5805:Slovakia
5795:Portugal
5700:Bulgaria
5672:Zimbabwe
5592:Thailand
5587:Tanzania
5567:Suriname
5477:Paraguay
5462:Pakistan
5397:Mongolia
5367:Maldives
5362:Malaysia
5257:Honduras
5197:Eswatini
5172:Dominica
5167:Djibouti
5137:Colombia
5102:Cameroon
5097:Cambodia
5067:Botswana
5047:Barbados
4656:Svalbard
4641:Guernsey
4588:Abkhazia
4535:Slovenia
4530:Slovakia
4505:Portugal
4363:Bulgaria
4262:Category
4136:Religion
4043:Currency
3998:Military
3899:Politics
3885:Wildlife
3769:Republic
3580:Medieval
3460:Archived
3031:28 March
2975:11 March
2853:cite web
2818:cite web
2727:Eurostat
2661:Eurostat
2538:Eurostat
1795:142,206
1792:156,627
1789:161,242
1786:199,325
1783:218,601
1780:225,000
1777:265,000
1774:311,000
1762:Persons
1634:cucumber
1334:disputed
1185:Expenses
1177:Revenues
988:Bulgaria
742:Bulgaria
669:External
589:services
583:industry
507:(2022) (
389:services
383:industry
264:GDP rank
145:Currency
5800:Romania
5755:Ireland
5750:Hungary
5740:Germany
5730:Finland
5725:Estonia
5720:Denmark
5705:Croatia
5695:Belgium
5690:Austria
5657:Vietnam
5647:Uruguay
5627:Ukraine
5612:Tunisia
5532:Senegal
5442:Nigeria
5417:Namibia
5407:Morocco
5392:Moldova
5337:Liberia
5332:Lesotho
5287:Jamaica
5267:Iceland
5227:Grenada
5217:Georgia
5182:Ecuador
5092:Burundi
5087:Myanmar
5062:Bolivia
5037:Bahrain
5027:Armenia
5007:Algeria
5002:Albania
4990:Members
4560:Ukraine
4510:Romania
4470:Moldova
4428:Ireland
4423:Iceland
4418:Hungary
4408:Germany
4403:Georgia
4393:Finland
4388:Estonia
4383:Denmark
4368:Croatia
4353:Belgium
4348:Belarus
4338:Austria
4333:Armenia
4328:Andorra
4323:Albania
4253:Outline
4174:Cuisine
4151:Culture
4082:Society
4063:Tourism
4021:Economy
3865:Geology
3850:Balkans
3734:(ASNOM)
3632:Ottoman
3531:Paeonia
3523:Ancient
3514:History
3407:3 March
3385:3 March
3285:23 July
3144:3 March
2966:CIA.gov
2931:7 April
2906:7 April
2864:value (
2829:value (
2703:9 April
2578:IMF.org
2543:13 July
2476:IMF.org
1844:Tourism
1669:Mariovo
1585:cabbage
1515:Ukraine
1503:Iceland
1447:Albania
1313:History
1288:Worker
1058:Romania
1044:Albania
1016:Hungary
932:Germany
864:Imports
854:Albania
784:Hungary
714:Germany
674:Exports
591:: 53.8%
585:: 29.6%
579:: 16.6%
526:(2022)
479:(2019,
391:: 66.5%
385:: 25.2%
242:nominal
82:scholar
5820:Sweden
5790:Poland
5765:Latvia
5745:Greece
5735:France
5710:Cyprus
5667:Zambia
5622:Uganda
5617:Turkey
5582:Taiwan
5502:Rwanda
5497:Russia
5467:Panama
5452:Norway
5387:Mexico
5357:Malawi
5317:Kuwait
5297:Jordan
5282:Israel
5247:Guyana
5237:Guinea
5107:Canada
5077:Brunei
5072:Brazil
5052:Belize
5012:Angola
4944:People
4757:Issues
4721:System
4651:Jersey
4593:Kosovo
4555:Turkey
4545:Sweden
4525:Serbia
4515:Russia
4500:Poland
4495:Norway
4475:Monaco
4445:Latvia
4413:Greece
4398:France
4373:Cyprus
4267:Portal
4169:Cinema
4159:Anthem
4126:Health
4119:Romani
4048:Energy
3880:Rivers
3855:Cities
3596:Second
3434:
3311:20 May
3179:10 May
3060:31 May
2860:Check
2825:Check
2694:
2442:13135
2422:12430
2402:11176
2382:11176
2362:10608
2342:10112
2151:-4.5%
2031:-1.1%
2011:-1.8%
1991:-7.5%
1971:-6.6%
1833:15.2%
1830:16.2%
1827:16.6%
1824:19.4%
1821:22.9%
1673:Tikveš
1665:Kičevo
1644:Energy
1606:barley
1592:tomato
1578:potato
1511:Turkey
1505:, and
1499:Norway
1489:, the
1425:After
1398:. The
1120:Gross
1055:
1041:
1027:
1013:
1002:Turkey
999:
985:
971:
960:Serbia
957:
946:Kosovo
943:
929:
918:Greece
915:
901:
851:
840:Turkey
837:
823:
809:
795:
781:
767:
756:Greece
753:
739:
728:Serbia
725:
711:
594:(2016)
521:medium
519:0.679
503:0.765
477:medium
394:(2016)
379:: 8.4%
84:
77:
70:
63:
55:
5815:Spain
5780:Malta
5760:Italy
5662:Yemen
5602:Tonga
5522:Samoa
5492:Qatar
5437:Niger
5422:Nepal
5347:Macau
5307:Kenya
5292:Japan
5272:India
5252:Haiti
5222:Ghana
5207:Gabon
5187:Egypt
5132:China
5127:Chile
5057:Benin
4626:Åland
4540:Spain
4465:Malta
4435:Italy
4199:Music
4194:Media
4141:Women
3870:Lakes
3591:First
3173:(PDF)
3166:(PDF)
2451:3.9%
2448:6654
2445:13.8
2439:27.2
2436:2016
2431:3.9%
2428:6290
2425:13.0
2419:25.7
2416:2015
2411:4.0%
2408:5908
2405:12.2
2399:24.3
2396:2014
2391:4.1%
2388:5525
2385:11.4
2379:23.0
2376:2013
2371:3.6%
2368:5228
2365:10.7
2359:21.8
2356:2012
2351:2.9%
2348:4911
2345:10.1
2339:20.8
2336:2011
2331:0.7%
2328:4431
2322:9727
2319:19.9
2316:2010
2311:0.9%
2308:4749
2302:9584
2299:19.6
2296:2009
2291:5.0%
2288:4468
2282:9600
2279:19.6
2276:2008
2271:6.1%
2268:4252
2262:8962
2259:18.3
2256:2007
2251:4.9%
2248:3387
2242:8225
2239:16.7
2236:2006
2231:4.3%
2228:2801
2222:7599
2219:15.4
2216:2005
2211:4.6%
2208:2930
2202:7049
2199:14.3
2196:2004
2191:2.8%
2188:2489
2182:6443
2179:13.0
2176:2003
2171:0.8%
2168:1861
2162:6149
2159:12.4
2156:2002
2148:1704
2142:6016
2139:12.1
2136:2001
2131:4.5%
2128:1785
2122:6182
2119:12.4
2116:2000
2111:4.3%
2108:1837
2102:5811
2099:11.6
2096:1999
2091:3.3%
2088:1795
2082:5512
2079:10.9
2076:1998
2071:1.3%
2068:1883
2062:5298
2059:10.5
2056:1997
2051:1.2%
2048:2232
2042:5153
2039:10.1
2036:1996
2028:2269
2022:5031
2016:1995
2008:1734
2002:5013
1996:1994
1988:1315
1982:5025
1976:1993
1968:1201
1962:5341
1959:10.3
1956:1992
1948:8115
1945:15.5
1942:5617
1939:10.7
1936:1991
1908:Year
1859:Ohrid
1757:2021
1754:2020
1751:2019
1748:2018
1745:2017
1742:2016
1739:2015
1736:2010
1733:2005
1730:2000
1727:1995
1701:Trade
1695:Sivec
1627:onion
1620:apple
1599:maize
1564:wheat
1557:grape
1413:When
1283:Greek
1216:Fitch
1072:stock
1030:Italy
990:5.02%
976:5.03%
974:China
920:14.6%
906:16.4%
814:2.48%
812:China
800:2.49%
770:Italy
716:44.6%
475:33.5
306:+2.7%
300:+1.0%
294:+2.2%
178:CEFTA
89:JSTOR
75:books
5597:Togo
5482:Peru
5457:Oman
5372:Mali
5327:Laos
5202:Fiji
5162:Cuba
5122:Chad
4184:Flag
3986:LGBT
3432:ISBN
3409:2015
3387:2015
3365:2016
3339:2016
3313:2016
3287:2017
3261:2022
3233:2022
3207:2022
3181:2021
3146:2015
3092:2012
3062:2011
3033:2014
3007:2018
2977:2019
2933:2023
2908:2023
2866:help
2831:help
2734:2019
2705:2020
2692:ISBN
2668:2019
2639:2022
2613:2018
2545:2020
2516:2019
2487:2019
2325:9.1
2305:9.7
2285:9.1
2265:8.6
2245:6.9
2225:5.7
2205:5.9
2185:5.0
2165:3.7
2145:3.4
2125:3.5
2105:3.6
2085:3.5
2065:3.7
2045:4.4
2025:4.4
2019:9.8
2005:3.3
1999:9.7
1985:2.5
1979:9.7
1965:2.3
1951:n/a
1921:GDP
1911:GDP
1818:24%
1815:27%
1812:32%
1809:38%
1806:33%
1803:30%
1771:N/A
1768:N/A
1765:N/A
1671:and
1652:and
1513:and
1383:and
1261:The
1046:2.8%
1032:3.2%
1018:3.4%
1004:4.8%
962:7.7%
948:8.4%
934:9.5%
842:2.1%
828:2.2%
786:2.8%
772:2.9%
758:3.3%
744:4.7%
730:8.1%
528:62nd
524:IHDI
509:83rd
505:high
61:news
3254:ЕСМ
1220:BB+
1070:FDI
408:CPI
254:PPP
228:GDP
174:WTO
44:by
5876::
3277:.
3252:.
3241:^
3223:.
3197:.
3154:^
3108:.
3078:.
3053:.
3041:^
2968:.
2964:.
2941:^
2924:.
2899:.
2874:^
2857::
2855:}}
2851:{{
2822::
2820:}}
2816:{{
2791:{{
2770:^
2757:.
2753:.
2742:^
2725:.
2721:.
2686:.
2659:.
2655:.
2629:.
2603:.
2590:^
2580:.
2576:.
2553:^
2536:.
2532:.
2507:.
2503:.
2478:.
2474:.
1697:.
1667:,
1663:,
1517:.
1501:,
1497:,
1422:.
1410:.
1297:.
180:,
176:,
4957:)
4953:(
4706:e
4699:t
4692:v
4301:e
4294:t
4287:v
3497:e
3490:t
3483:v
3440:.
3411:.
3389:.
3367:.
3341:.
3315:.
3289:.
3263:.
3235:.
3209:.
3183:.
3148:.
3114:.
3094:.
3064:.
3035:.
3009:.
2979:.
2935:.
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2868:)
2833:)
2781:.
2764:.
2736:.
2670:.
2641:.
2615:.
2584:.
2547:.
2518:.
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1636:;
1629:;
1622:;
1615:;
1608:;
1601:;
1594:;
1587:;
1580:;
1573:;
1566:;
1559:;
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1360:(
1355:)
1351:(
1347:.
1337:.
1252:.
1218::
1205::
553:)
511:)
483:)
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111:)
105:(
100:)
96:(
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79:·
72:·
65:·
38:.
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