20:
52:
717:
1298:
Phase 5, from around 3,000 BCE, the climate was much drier than now. During this last period, Eburran tools are also found with ceramics and livestock. It is part of the
745:
687:
1286:
Phase 1, from 13,000 BCE to around 10,000 BCE, associated with a short, humid climatic period, superseded by a drier climatic period
1378:
1388:
518:
1338:
1214:
647:
632:
1005:
565:
461:
356:
590:
476:
401:
1024:
528:
1383:
682:
614:
416:
296:
1171:
1254:
The culture was at one time known as the "Kenyan
Capsian" because findings resemble those of the North African
738:
242:
1261:
Eburran assemblages, as recovered from Gamble's Cave and Nderit Drift, comprise large backed blades, crescent
657:
234:
343:
702:
622:
585:
575:
471:
552:
538:
106:
697:
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1310:
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937:
849:
731:
667:
34:
1244:
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319:
1109:
637:
513:
490:
88:
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51:
1270:
1164:
986:
968:
533:
426:
130:
177:
1266:
1200:
692:
652:
371:
8:
1084:
962:
466:
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396:
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351:
143:
774:
1299:
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381:
220:
1018:
1128:
1102:
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917:
831:
787:
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309:
69:
61:
1363:
1337:. Journal of Archaeological Science, 25 (4): 377-392, DOI: 10.1006/jasc.1997.0277,
1240:
992:
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111:
43:
1303:
1078:
974:
560:
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329:
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257:
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205:
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1133:
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672:
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247:
19:
1042:
1372:
1177:
1139:
1066:
508:
456:
446:
436:
366:
361:
304:
277:
1309:
Around 700 CE, a transformation from the
Pastoral Neolithic to the Pastoral
721:
677:
642:
406:
324:
101:
1351:
Archaeology in
Eastern Africa: An Overview of Current Chronological Issues
1236:
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421:
267:
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148:
23:
1232:
1190:
1048:
1012:
885:
843:
498:
314:
163:
96:
1231:
is the name of an East
African tool assemblage that dates from 13,000
1262:
1116:
1060:
1036:
897:
825:
451:
210:
1335:
Chronology of the Later Stone Age and food production in East Africa
1274:
1157:
1145:
998:
956:
770:
411:
272:
1255:
1090:
980:
903:
891:
837:
819:
813:
116:
1295:
Phase 4, from around 4-5,000 BCE, with an unevenly drier climate
1289:
Phase 2, from around 7-8,000 BCE, the climate became very humid
950:
1248:
200:
1302:
in Africa. Before phase 5, Eburran peoples lived by
1370:
1273:. Some tools at Gamble's Cave were made from
1208:
739:
1215:
1201:
746:
732:
1329:
1327:
688:October 2017 Kenyan presidential election
18:
1353:, The Journal of African History 32 (2)
216:Mijikenda Kayas (Fortified settlements)
102:Olorgesailie Aechulean hand axe culture
1371:
1324:
16:13000 BCE East African tool assemblage
648:2010 Kenyan constitutional referendum
633:2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum
357:Imperial British East Africa Company
591:1998 United States embassy bombings
477:Lancaster House Conferences (Kenya)
402:East African campaign (World War I)
13:
1025:Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician
529:Gikuyu, Embu, and Meru Association
139:Lothagam North Monumental Cemetery
14:
1400:
683:Garissa University College attack
462:Nairobi People's Convention Party
206:Thimlich Ohinga stone-built ruins
715:
417:Luo Union (Welfare Organisation)
50:
1379:Paleolithic cultures of Africa
1292:Phase 3, from around 6,000 BCE
243:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
1:
1389:Archaeology of Eastern Africa
1349:Sinclair, Paul J. J. (1991):
1317:
1235:and thereafter, found around
924:
872:
794:
658:Westgate shopping mall attack
1333:Ambrose, Stanley H. (1998):
703:Presidency of Uhuru Kenyatta
623:2002 Kenyan general election
586:1997 Kenyan general election
576:1992 Kenyan general election
472:Kenya African National Union
7:
1357:
539:Presidency of Jomo Kenyatta
297:Portuguese and Omani period
107:Kariandusi prehistoric site
10:
1405:
698:COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya
1280:
938:Initial Upper Paleolithic
668:Presidency of Mwai Kibaki
519:'Little general election'
1384:Industries (archaeology)
1258:trans-Saharan culture.
601:Presidency of Daniel Moi
566:1982 coup d'état attempt
320:East African slave trade
221:Indian Ocean trade route
1243:volcano complex in the
638:2007-2008 Kenyan crisis
491:Early post-independence
344:British colonial period
1304:hunting, and gathering
663:2014 Mpeketoni attacks
75:List of years in Kenya
26:
534:Josiah Mwangi Kariuki
427:Kenya in World War II
22:
693:2018 Kenya handshake
653:Operation Linda Nchi
514:Kenya People's Union
392:Kenya-Uganda Railway
372:Kenya-Uganda Railway
467:The Kennedy Airlift
432:Kenya African Union
397:Mekatilili Wa Menza
387:British East Africa
352:Johann Ludwig Krapf
235:Swahili city-states
149:Elmenteitan Culture
144:Kalokol Pillar Site
97:Koobi Fora Hominins
1300:Pastoral Neolithic
866:Middle Paleolithic
596:Terrorism in Kenya
382:German East Africa
268:History of Malindi
263:History of Mombasa
154:Cushitic expansion
27:
1225:
1224:
918:Upper Paleolithic
788:Lower Paleolithic
756:
755:
581:HIV/AIDS in Kenya
442:Mau Mau Rebellion
310:Portuguese Empire
196:Nilotic expansion
70:Timeline of Kenya
1396:
1364:Enkapune Ya Muto
1342:
1331:
1241:Ol Doinyo Eburru
1229:Eburran industry
1217:
1210:
1203:
944:Fertile Crescent
932:
926:
880:
874:
808:
799:
796:
758:
757:
748:
741:
734:
722:Kenya portal
720:
719:
718:
571:Wagalla massacre
377:Nandi Resistance
178:African Iron Age
159:Eburran industry
112:Enkapune Ya Muto
54:
44:History of Kenya
29:
28:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1369:
1368:
1360:
1346:
1345:
1332:
1325:
1320:
1283:
1221:
1184:
1183:
1039:(41,000-37,000)
1019:Châtelperronian
933:
922:
920:
910:
909:
881:
870:
868:
858:
857:
828:(1.76–0.13 Ma)
809:
797:
792:
790:
752:
716:
714:
709:
708:
707:
617:
607:
606:
605:
561:Daniel Arap Moi
555:
545:
544:
543:
524:Kisumu Massacre
493:
483:
482:
481:
346:
336:
335:
334:
330:Said bin Sultan
299:
289:
288:
287:
283:Jumba la Mtwana
273:History of Lamu
258:Kilwa Sultanate
253:Swahili culture
237:
227:
226:
225:
191:Bantu expansion
186:Sirikwa culture
180:
170:
169:
168:
133:
123:
122:
121:
91:
81:
80:
79:
64:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1402:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1307:
1296:
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1290:
1287:
1282:
1279:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1162:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1126:
1123:Iberomaurusian
1120:
1107:
1106:
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1081:(15.5–13.1 ka)
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1003:
1002:
1001:(12.2–10.8 ka)
996:
995:(14.5–11.5 ka)
990:
984:
978:
972:
966:
960:
954:
941:
940:
934:
916:
915:
912:
911:
908:
907:
901:
895:
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864:
863:
860:
859:
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847:
841:
835:
823:
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786:
785:
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781:
766:
765:
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753:
751:
750:
743:
736:
728:
725:
724:
711:
710:
706:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
673:Uhuru Kenyatta
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
619:
618:
615:Recent history
613:
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603:
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583:
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557:
556:
551:
550:
547:
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542:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
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504:Pio Gama Pinto
501:
495:
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488:
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454:
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364:
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300:
295:
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255:
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248:Swahili people
245:
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146:
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135:
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129:
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125:
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109:
104:
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78:
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66:
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59:
56:
55:
47:
46:
40:
39:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1401:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1352:
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1328:
1323:
1312:
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1234:
1230:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1179:
1178:Afontova Gora
1176:
1173:
1172:Mal'ta–Buret'
1170:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1067:Epigravettian
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
948:
947:
945:
939:
936:
935:
930:
919:
914:
913:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
883:
878:
867:
862:
861:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
811:
806:
802:
789:
784:
783:
779:
778:
772:
768:
767:
764:
760:
759:
749:
744:
742:
737:
735:
730:
729:
727:
726:
723:
713:
712:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
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644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
616:
611:
610:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
554:
549:
548:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
509:Bildad Kaggia
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
496:
492:
487:
486:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
457:Oginga Odinga
455:
453:
450:
448:
447:Dedan Kimathi
445:
443:
440:
438:
437:Jomo Kenyatta
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
367:Nabongo Mumia
365:
363:
362:Wanga Kingdom
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
349:
345:
340:
339:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
305:Vasco da Gama
303:
302:
298:
293:
292:
284:
281:
279:
278:Ruins of Gedi
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
240:
236:
231:
230:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
201:Urewe culture
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
183:
179:
174:
173:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
136:
132:
127:
126:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
94:
90:
85:
84:
76:
73:
71:
68:
67:
63:
58:
57:
53:
49:
48:
45:
42:
41:
36:
31:
30:
25:
21:
1350:
1334:
1260:
1253:
1228:
1226:
1163:
1151:
1108:
1087:(14–12.8 ka)
1021:(44.5–36 ka)
1004:
983:(18–12.5 ka)
942:
852:(400–220 ka)
846:(424–400 ka)
840:(500–130 ka)
822:(2.6–1.7 Ma)
776:
678:William Ruto
643:Raila Odinga
407:Kenya Colony
325:Omani Empire
158:
1313:took place.
1271:endscrapers
1245:Rift Valley
1237:Lake Nakuru
1085:Federmesser
1073:Magdalenian
1043:Périgordian
1031:Aurignacian
969:Aurignacian
963:Baradostian
906:(130–10 ka)
900:(130–70 ka)
894:(145–20 ka)
888:(160–40 ka)
763:Paleolithic
628:Mwai Kibaki
422:Harry Thuku
89:Pleistocene
24:Lake Nakuru
1373:Categories
1318:References
1263:microliths
1191:Mesolithic
1180:(21–12 ka}
1174:(24–15 ka)
1148:(15–11 ka)
1142:(15—11 ka)
1136:(22–14 ka)
1125:(25–11 ka)
1119:(42–18 ka)
1099:(13–12 ka)
1097:Ahrensburg
1093:(14–10 ka)
1075:(17–12 ka)
1069:(20–10 ka)
1063:(22–17 ka)
1057:(29–25 ka)
1051:(33–24 ka)
1049:Gravettian
1045:(35–20 ka)
1033:(43–26 ka)
1027:(43–32 ka)
1015:(48–40 ka)
1013:Bohunician
987:Trialetian
977:(20–10 ka)
971:(35–29 ka)
965:(36–18 ka)
959:(46–42 ka)
953:(50–40 ka)
886:Mousterian
844:Clactonian
798: 3.3
499:Shifta War
315:Fort Jesus
164:Hyrax Hill
1160:(10–8 ka)
1154:(15–5 ka)
1129:Mushabian
1117:Khormusan
1105:(11–8 ka)
1103:Swiderian
1061:Solutrean
1055:Pavlovian
1037:Szeletian
989:(16–8 ka)
898:Micoquien
832:Madrasian
826:Acheulean
452:Tom Mboya
211:Shungwaya
131:Neolithic
1358:See also
1311:Iron Age
1275:obsidian
1158:Magosian
1146:Sebilian
999:Khiamian
993:Natufian
957:Ahmarian
850:Mugharan
834:(1.5 Ma)
816:(3.3 Ma)
771:Pliocene
412:Mumboism
62:Overview
35:a series
33:Part of
1256:Capsian
1239:in the
1165:Siberia
1152:Eburran
1091:Azilian
1079:Hamburg
981:Kebaran
975:Zarzian
904:Sangoan
892:Aterian
875:300–50
838:Soanian
820:Oldowan
814:Lomekwi
775:before
553:Moi era
117:Nataruk
1281:Phases
1269:, and
1267:burins
1134:Halfan
1110:Africa
1006:Europe
951:Emiran
927:50–12
921:
869:
803:– 300
791:
37:on the
1249:Kenya
1140:Qadan
1227:The
777:Homo
761:The
1339:PDF
1233:BCE
1375::
1326:^
1277:.
1265:,
1251:.
1247:,
1189:↓
1167::
1112::
1008::
946::
929:ka
925:c.
877:ka
873:c.
805:ka
801:Ma
795:c.
769:↑
1341:.
1306:.
1216:e
1209:t
1202:v
931:)
923:(
879:)
871:(
807:)
793:(
780:)
773:(
747:e
740:t
733:v
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