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Earl of Clare

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292: 174: 89:(1314) entailed the break-up of the Honour of Clare, as he and his young wife were childless and the lands were distributed among three co-heiresses. His death marked the end of the great de Clare family. The family lands were worth as much as Β£6,000, second only to those of the Earl of Lancaster among the nobility of the realm. 136:
The "Earl of Clare" was probably not a medieval title. Some contemporary sources called them "Earls of Clare", but many modern historians treat this as if it were a "styled" (self-assumed) title. There was no standardised method of reference to earls in the late eleventh and twelfth centuries, and
157:. The confusion probably stems from misinterpretation of references, such as that of "Earl Gilbert de Clare", in which Clare was taken as a title rather than a surname. One view is there was no such title in existence, and that the first creation of the title Earl of Clare dates to 1624. However, 357:. His brother predeceased him, leaving no male heirs, and at his death in 1768, the titles of Earl of Clare and Marquess of Clare again became extinct, but he was succeeded by his nephew as Duke of Newcastle Under Lyne. 128:, respectively. The three were granted equal parts of the English possessions, but Despenser received the entire lordship of Glamorgan in Wales, politically the most important of the de Clare lands. 165:, was to be created Earl of Clare, but that it was refused by the crown lawyers, "on a solemn declaration, that it was a title peculiar to the royal blood and not to be conferred upon a subject." 816: 1006: 310:, nephew and heir of the last earl of the first creation. He had been adopted by his uncle and assumed the arms and surname of Holles. He was a significant statesman during the early 725: 638: 3466: 208:, future Duke of Buckingham, to whom Holles paid Β£10,000 (equivalent to Β£2,371,000 in 2023). He was created Earl of Clare following an additional payment of Β£5,000. 231: 3862: 487: 3857: 235: 3223: 1780: 1609: 1489: 3357: 2047: 212: 3373: 3545: 3328: 2688: 480: 426: 271: 3207: 3067: 2939: 2809: 2545: 2343: 361: 354: 307: 142: 664: 1476: 1251: 82: 1596: 473: 295:
Arms of Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, of the second creation, featuring the Holles arms quartered with the Pelham
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A Heneral and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Extinct, Dormant, and in Abeyance
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For example, Michael Altschul, β€˜Clare, Richard de, sixth earl of Gloucester and fifth earl of Hertford (1222–1262)’,
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where he charged with the 8th King's Royal Irish Hussars. On Lord Clare's death in 1864 the peerages became extinct.
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of 1290, the lands could only be inherited by direct descendants of the late earl's father. The late earl's sisters,
437:. Lord Clare's only son, John Charles Henry FitzGibbon, styled Viscount FitzGibbon, was killed in action during the 3736: 162: 2079: 1651: 956: 906: 859: 541: 2056: 1668: 1511: 259: 253: 193: 425:
from 1830 to 1834. He died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, the third earl. He represented
137:
the Clares were one of a handful referred to as earls in this period without a county mentioned. For example,
1267: 219:, and he inherited the majority of the Duke's estates upon his death in 1691. On 14 May 1694, he was created 3803: 1769: 1088: 409:
in the County of Limerick, in 1793. These titles were also in the peerage of Ireland. In 1799 he was made
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The FitzGibbon Earls of Clare are seemingly unrelated to the Holles family, the previous Earls of Clare.
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also carried the title Earls of Clare. The title, for instance, is given in the original
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The lands went into royal wardship while the matter of inheritance was settled. By the
62: 61:' became associated with the peerage as they held, at differing times, three earldoms ( 35: 27: 3773: 2487: 2248: 2243: 2239: 1983: 1410: 496: 101: 2428:
Dukedom of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (3rd creation) and Marquessate of Clare extinct, 1768
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on 9 July 1616. According to Burke, he was ennobled thanks to the influence of the
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recounts an incident relating to the Earl of Clare, possibly referring to
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was a title of British nobility created three times: once each in the
113: 53:, and from which their English surname sprang from possession of the 421:. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. He served as 3635: 406: 93: 58: 249:
The title became extinct upon the death the fourth earl in 1711.
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Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne,
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Bannockburn: The Scottish War and the British Isles, 1307–1323
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The following year, on 2 August 1715, he was further created
3754:, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 3740:. Vol. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 393. 2133:
Dukedom of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (2nd creation) extinct, 1711
1888:
Dukedom of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1st creation) extinct, 1691
145:. Such references led some older historians to assume the 376: 286: 3715:, trans. Lewis Thorpe (Penguin Classics, 1978), p. 142. 168: 3808:. London: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. pp. 270–272 3684:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (2008:145f). 236:
Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer
184:The title of Earl of Clare was formally created by 302:The next creation of the Earl of Clare was in the 3839:Forgotten Heroes: The Charge of the Light Brigade 3863:Extinct earldoms in the Peerage of Great Britain 3849: 161:in 1831 states that prior to the 1624 creation, 57:of Clare. The Norman family who took the name ' 3671:. Oxford: Oxford University Press (1970:22f). 481: 345:, with remainder to his brother the Rt. Hon. 3442:Dukedom of Newcastle-upon-Tyne extinct, 1988 458:Richard Hobart FitzGibbon, 3rd Earl of Clare 332: 143:William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester 3858:Extinct earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland 3606:Heir presumptive to the Earldom of Lincoln 488: 474: 355:Henry Fiennes-Clinton, 9th Earl of Lincoln 196:. He was first elevated to the peerage as 131: 112:were by 1317 all married to favourites of 3797: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3785: 387:John FitzGibbon, 1st Viscount FitzGibbon 290: 172: 3752:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3724: 2024:5th Earl of Lincoln, 13th Baron Clinton 1603:4th Earl of Lincoln, 12th Baron Clinton 1456:3rd Earl of Lincoln, 11th Baron Clinton 1237:2nd Earl of Lincoln, 10th Baron Clinton 3850: 2492:(succeeded by special remainder, 1768) 1074:1st Earl of Lincoln, 9th Baron Clinton 244:William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland 217:Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle 177:Arms of Holles, first Earls of Clare: 3801: 3782: 3731:"Clare, Richard de (1222-1262)"  3604: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3564: 3562: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3512: 3496: 3494: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3434: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3426: 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230:The fourth earl's only child, Lady 13: 3364:9th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 3230:8th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 3214:7th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 3074:6th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 2946:5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 2816:4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 2695:3rd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 2552:2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, 452:John FitzGibbon, 2nd Earl of Clare 446:John FitzGibbon, 1st Earl of Clare 435:Lord Lieutenant of County Limerick 206:George Villiers, Viscount Villiers 76: 14: 3894: 266:Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare 3737:Dictionary of National Biography 215:, third daughter and co-heir of 179:Ermine, two piles in point sable 155:Dictionary of National Biography 104:(now widowed after the death of 3831: 3820: 2080:Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham 1814:2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1483:1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1278:Earls & Dukes of Devonshire 870:Attainted, 1459; restored, 1461 3771:, Reissued by READ Books, 2008 3760: 3744: 3718: 3705: 3696: 3687: 3674: 3669:Thomas of Lancaster, 1307–1322 3661: 3648: 3052:Charles Edward Fiennes-Clinton 2836:Earldom of Clare extinct, 1864 2430:Earldom of Clare extinct, 1768 2135:Earldom of Clare extinct, 1711 393:. He had already been created 353:with remainder to his nephew, 272:John Holles, 4th Earl of Clare 260:John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare 254:John Holles, 1st Earl of Clare 1: 3641: 3546:Robert Edward Fiennes-Clinton 3467:Edward Gordon Fiennes-Clinton 3329:Edward Horace Fiennes-Clinton 2063:Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1619: 1109: 1093: 961: 911: 669: 648: 211:The fourth earl married Lady 3878:Noble titles created in 1795 3873:Noble titles created in 1714 3868:Noble titles created in 1624 3769:A Complete Guide to Heraldry 3569: 3551: 3192:Edward Henry Fiennes-Clinton 2488:Duke of Newcastle-Under-Lyne 2249:Duke of Newcastle-Under-Lyne 2016: 1797: 1615: 731: 709:Barony Clynton extinct, 1354 644: 547: 351:Duke of Newcastle Under Lyne 163:Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick 49:family was seated since the 7: 3767:Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, 3619: 3224:Francis Pelham-Clinton-Hope 2792:Clinton James Fynes-Clinton 2244:Duke of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne 1984:Duke of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne 1411:Duke of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne 397:, of Lower Connello in the 323:Viscount Pelham of Houghton 280:Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 225:Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 10: 3899: 1497:Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull 391:Lord Chancellor of Ireland 349:. In 1756, he was created 316:First Lord of the Treasury 232:Henrietta Cavendish Holles 198:Baron Houghton of Houghton 118:Hugh Despenser the Younger 3713:The Journey through Wales 3522: 3520: 3518: 3510: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3498: 3410: 3408: 3358:Henry Pelham-Clinton-Hope 3303: 3301: 3293: 3291: 3267: 3265: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3157: 3155: 3147: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3119: 3117: 3027: 3025: 3009: 3007: 2991: 2989: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2881: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2845: 2843: 2780:Richard Hobart FitzGibbon 2759: 2757: 2755: 2747: 2745: 2729: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2639: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2619: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2595: 2593: 2558: 2501: 2499: 2479: 2477: 2469: 2467: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2420: 2418: 2410: 2406: 2400: 2388: 2386: 2324: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2262: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2226: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2206: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2168: 2166: 2164: 2156: 2152: 2146: 2117: 2115: 2107: 2105: 2087: 2076: 2053: 2033: 2031: 2005: 1995: 1993: 1979: 1975: 1963: 1961: 1953: 1951: 1943: 1941: 1933: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1913: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1893: 1891: 1880: 1878: 1870: 1868: 1860: 1858: 1831: 1817: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1750: 1748: 1740: 1736: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1720: 1718: 1710: 1708: 1700: 1698: 1690: 1688: 1644: 1642: 1634: 1632: 1587: 1585: 1569: 1567: 1559: 1557: 1549: 1547: 1539: 1537: 1529: 1527: 1422: 1420: 1402: 1400: 1392: 1390: 1382: 1380: 1372: 1364: 1362: 1360: 1354: 1352: 1350: 1340: 1336: 1324: 1322: 1314: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1300: 1298: 1296: 1264: 1215: 1213: 1211: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1197: 1195: 1193: 1183: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1157: 1137: 1135: 1101: 1032: 1030: 989: 987: 939: 937: 889: 887: 842: 840: 799: 797: 758: 756: 701: 699: 614: 612: 596: 594: 592: 584: 580: 578: 576: 572: 240:Margaret Cavendish Harley 16:Title of British nobility 3667:J.R. Maddicot, (1970). 419:peerage of Great Britain 333:Marquess of Clare (1715) 304:Peerage of Great Britain 3757:, accessed 23 Oct 2009. 2794:(later Fiennes-Clinton) 314:, and he served as the 238:. Their daughter, Lady 192:on 2 November 1624 for 132:Possible medieval earls 81:The death of the young 41:The title derives from 3656:The Fourteenth Century 3091:Charles Pelham-Clinton 2963:Charles Pelham-Clinton 2682:styled Earl of Lincoln 299: 181: 3374:Edward Pelham-Clinton 2924:Henry Fiennes-Clinton 2689:Thomas Pelham-Clinton 2668:(later Fynes-Clinton) 622:Baron de Clyton, 1330 364:(1693–1768), created 318:, among other roles. 294: 274:(1662–1711), created 176: 87:Battle of Bannockburn 3802:Burke, John (1831). 3565:William James Howson 3559:19th Earl of Lincoln 3382:17th Earl of Lincoln 3366:16th Earl of Lincoln 3335:18th Earl of Lincoln 3232:15th Earl of Lincoln 3216:14th Earl of Lincoln 3208:Henry Pelham-Clinton 3076:13th Earl of Lincoln 3068:Henry Pelham-Clinton 2948:12th Earl of Lincoln 2940:Henry Pelham-Clinton 2818:11th Earl of Lincoln 2810:Henry Pelham-Clinton 2697:10th Earl of Lincoln 2676:Henry Pelham-Clinton 2578:(3rd creation), 1795 2546:Henry Pelham-Clinton 2344:Thomas Pelham-Holles 2246:(3rd creation), 1715 2237:(2nd creation, 1714) 1986:(2nd creation), 1694 1441:(1st creation, 1624) 1413:(1st creation), 1665 1052:(8th creation), 1572 526:(8th creation), 1298 413:, of Sidbury in the 329:on 26 October 1714. 45:, where a prominent 3693:Maddicott 1970:193. 2554:9th Earl of Lincoln 2538:8th Earl of Lincoln 2321:7th Earl of Lincoln 1787:6th Earl of Lincoln 503:(8th creation) and 439:Battle of Balaclava 403:Viscount FitzGibbon 147:Earls of Gloucester 3239:Guy Pelham-Clinton 2048:Margaret Cavendish 1820:Frances Pierrepont 1652:William Pierrepont 1597:Theophilus Clinton 678:Earl of Huntingdon 665:William de Clinton 497:Dukes of Newcastle 423:Governor of Bombay 399:County of Limerick 383:peerage of Ireland 300: 213:Margaret Cavendish 190:peerage of England 182: 3778:978-1-4437-5719-5 3711:Gerald of Wales, 3617: 3616: 3613: 3612: 2786:3rd Earl of Clare 2773:2nd Earl of Clare 2653:1st Earl of Clare 2352:Marquess of Clare 2240:Marquess of Clare 2065:4th Earl of Clare 1841:3rd Earl of Clare 1675:2nd Earl of Clare 1518:1st Earl of Clare 1490:Robert Pierrepont 1477:William Cavendish 1260:Frances Cavendish 1252:Charles Cavendish 1089:William Cavendish 1013:8th Baron Clinton 970:7th Baron Clinton 920:6th Baron Clinton 866:5th Baron Clinton 823:4th Baron Clinton 739:3rd Baron Clinton 658:2nd Baron Clinton 555:1st Baron Clinton 370:Duke of Newcastle 366:Marquess of Clare 343:Duke of Newcastle 339:Marquess of Clare 276:Marquess of Clare 221:Marquess of Clare 3890: 3842: 3835: 3829: 3824: 3818: 3817: 3815: 3813: 3799: 3780: 3764: 3758: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3733: 3722: 3716: 3709: 3703: 3702:Brown 2008:159f. 3700: 3694: 3691: 3685: 3678: 3672: 3665: 3659: 3652: 3631:Earl of Clarence 3573: 3571: 3555: 3553: 3383: 3367: 3233: 3217: 3077: 2949: 2819: 2698: 2561:Catherine Pelham 2555: 2357: 2353: 2066: 2020: 2018: 1827:Grace Pierrepont 1801: 1799: 1625: 1624: 1621: 1617: 1268:Henry Pierrepont 1114: 1111: 1105:Bess of Hardwick 1098: 1095: 966: 963: 916: 913: 735: 733: 682:Baron de Clynton 674: 671: 654: 653: 650: 646: 551: 549: 512: 511: 501:Earls of Lincoln 490: 483: 476: 467: 466: 431:House of Commons 411:Baron FitzGibbon 395:Baron FitzGibbon 3898: 3897: 3893: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3848: 3847: 3846: 3845: 3836: 3832: 3825: 3821: 3811: 3809: 3800: 3783: 3765: 3761: 3749: 3745: 3726:Stephen, Leslie 3723: 3719: 3710: 3706: 3701: 3697: 3692: 3688: 3680:Michael Brown, 3679: 3675: 3666: 3662: 3653: 3649: 3644: 3622: 3568: 3566: 3557: 3550: 3548: 3471: 3469: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3333: 3331: 3240: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3193: 3092: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3053: 2964: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2925: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2795: 2793: 2784: 2782: 2771: 2769: 2767:John FitzGibbon 2696: 2693: 2691: 2680: 2678: 2669: 2667: 2651: 2649: 2647:John FitzGibbon 2562: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2536: 2534: 2527: 2491: 2429: 2355: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2337: 2328: 2319: 2317: 2308: 2247: 2238: 2134: 2082: 2073: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2050: 2041: 2022: 2015: 2013: 1839: 1837: 1828: 1821: 1812: 1810: 1808:Henry Cavendish 1796: 1794: 1785: 1783: 1781:Francis Clinton 1774: 1772: 1673: 1671: 1654: 1622: 1614: 1612: 1610:Francis Clinton 1601: 1599: 1516: 1514: 1494: 1492: 1481: 1479: 1470: 1463: 1454: 1452: 1270: 1261: 1254: 1235: 1233: 1112: 1107: 1096: 1091: 1072: 1070: 1050:Earl of Lincoln 1011: 1009: 968: 964: 959: 918: 914: 909: 868: 864: 862: 821: 819: 817:William Clinton 776: 775:William Clinton 737: 730: 728: 676: 672: 667: 656: 651: 643: 641: 553: 546: 544: 494: 464: 427:County Limerick 415:County of Devon 401:, in 1789, and 379: 335: 321:He was created 289: 171: 139:Gerald of Wales 134: 79: 77:Honour of Clare 51:Norman Conquest 17: 12: 11: 5: 3896: 3886: 3885: 3883:Earls of Clare 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3844: 3843: 3830: 3827:ThePeerage.com 3819: 3781: 3759: 3743: 3728:, ed. (1887). 3717: 3704: 3695: 3686: 3673: 3660: 3654:May McKisack, 3646: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3639: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3626:Viscount Clare 3621: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3608: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3575: 3563: 3561: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3521: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3475: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3444: 3439: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3427: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3385: 3371: 3369: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 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1988: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1835:Gilbert Holles 1832: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1818: 1816: 1805: 1803: 1791: 1789: 1778: 1776: 1770:Edward Clinton 1766: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1655:(c. 1607–1678) 1649: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1631: 1629: 1627: 1607: 1605: 1593: 1591: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 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Index

peerages
England
Great Britain
Ireland
Clare, Suffolk
Anglo-Norman
Norman Conquest
Honour
de Clare
Gloucester
Pembroke
Hertford
Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester
Battle of Bannockburn
entail
Eleanor
Margaret
Piers Gaveston
Elizabeth
Edward II
Hugh Despenser the Younger
Hugh de Audley
Roger d'Amory
Gerald of Wales
William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester
Earls of Gloucester
Hertford
John Burke
Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick

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