251:
477:
execution att fyve of the clock precisely; and by that time, or very shortly after it, I’ll strive to be att you with a stronger party: if I doe not come to you att fyve, you are not to tarry for me, but to fall on. This is by the Kings speciall command, for the good & safety of the
Country, that these miscreants be cutt off root and branch. See that this be putt in execution without feud or favour, else you may expect to be dealt with as one not true to King nor Government, nor a man fitt to carry Commissione in the Kings service. Expecting you will not faill in the full-filling hereof, as you love your selfe, I subscribe these with my hand att Balicholis Feb: 12, 1692.
395:
50:
63:
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362:
382:
whether by accident or design, both he and
Hamilton arrived only after the killings were over. Details given to the 1695 Commission report the deaths of around 30 men, including nine who were first tied up and then shot. Recent estimates put total deaths resulting from the Massacre as 'around 30', while claims others died of exposure have not been substantiated.
358:. They were carrying orders to collect tax or 'cess' payments; the Highlands was a largely non-cash society and 'free quarter' commonly used as an alternative. Although initially suspicious, the MacDonalds accepted their presence while individual Argyll soldiers later testified they were unaware of any other motive until the morning of 13 February.
293:
Highland regiments were formed by first appointing
Captains, usually landowners or minor gentry, each responsible for recruiting sixty men from their own estates. Muster rolls of the 2nd Company for October 1691. show the vast majority came from Argyllshire, including Cowal and Kintyre, areas settled
242:
Commissions were assets that could be bought, sold or used as an investment; one person could simultaneously hold multiple commissions and there were no age restrictions. They did not require actual service, and at senior levels in particular, ownership and command were separate functions. While many
381:
On the evening of the 12th, Duncanson sent his own orders to
Glenlyon carried by Captain Drummond, commander of the Argyll's Grenadier company and thus senior Captain. Glenlyon was to commence the killings at 5:00 am the next day, with Duncanson joining him as close to that time as possible but
476:
You are hereby ordered to fall upon the rebells, the McDonalds of Glenco, and put all to the sword under seventy. you are to have a speciall care that the old Fox and his sones doe upon no account escape your hands, you are to secure all the avenues that no man escape. This you are to putt in
301:
officially received 8 shillings per day but there were many opportunities to substantially increase this eg deductions for equipment, food etc. Highland regiments could be especially lucrative as the clan system made some military service obligatory, allowing a larger margin between what the
330:
as part of the force responsible for pacifying the
Highlands. This was commanded by Colonel John Hill, the military governor and included Hill's own regiment under Lt-Colonel Hamilton which is sometimes confused with the Argylls. The next 18 months were spent retaking or destroying Jacobite
430:, an important strategic position. This was besieged by the French; the Allied commander Ellenberg capitulated after only two days but Duncanson refused to sign the terms of surrender. Ellenberg was later executed while Duncanson was promoted to Lt-Colonel in August as a reward.
410:
and the
Argylls sent to Flanders in early 1693. On 9 July, the regiment took part in an assault on the French fortifications at Dottignies in current day Belgium and suffered heavy casualties, particularly among the Grenadier company led by Captain Drummond.
385:
The
Parliamentary Commission of 1695 focused on whether orders had been exceeded, not their legality. They concluded Stair and Hamilton had a case to answer but left the decision to William. No charges were ever brought against those involved.
437:. By 1696 the war in the Netherlands was winding down and the unit engaged in garrison duties around Nieuport and Bruges. Lorne's is listed in the records of the House of Commons as disbanded or 'broke' in February 1697, shortly before the
457:
This is often debated but tracing the origins of modern regiments is extremely complex; many regimental histories were written in the late 19th or early 20th century when establishing regimental precedence or seniority was almost an
266:
without ever leaving
Edinburgh or participating in military duties. Many fail to appreciate this; Robert Holden's 1905 article devotes much space to defending the Earl of Argyll, on the assumption that as Colonel he participated in
377:
with 400 men of Hills
Regiment. At the same time, 400 men from the Argylls under Major Duncanson would join Glenlyon's detachment and sweep northwards up the glen, killing anyone they found, removing property and burning houses.
235:, meant politicians in the late 17th century saw standing armies as a danger to the liberties of the individual and a threat to society itself. To prevent this, regiments were treated as the personal property of their
294:
by
Lowlander migrants and badly affected by the suppression following the 1685 rising. There are relatively few named Campbell but many are from Campbell septs, spelt in a variety of ways.
302:
government paid and soldiers received. One purpose of muster rolls was to curb the practice of claiming pay for non-existent soldiers, and official numbers should be treated with care.
282:, whose family were hereditary Lieutenant-Colonels to the Earls of Argyll. He was succeeded by Robert Jackson in June 1691, then Patrick Hume, who was severely wounded at the
1116:
1068:
733:
402:
In May 1692, fears of a Jacobite invasion meant the Argylls and other Scottish units were transferred onto the English military establishment and based at
433:
Garrisons who surrendered were normally allowed free passage rather than being held prisoner and Lorne's was released and went into winter quarters at
834:
Argyll Transcripts, ICA (1891). "An Account of the depredations committed on the Clan Campbell and their followers during the years 1685 and 1686".
1004:
A Collection Of Scarce And Valuable Tracts, On The Most Interesting And Entertaining Subjects: Reign Of King James II. Reign Of King William III
1111:
227:
to raise a regiment of 600 men, later expanded to 800; it was the first regular Highland regiment rather than militia. Experience of the
354:. A witness later testified that at the end of January 1692 two companies of the Argylls under Glenlyon came to Glencoe from the north
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173:
906:
Cobbett's Complete Collection Of State Trials And Proceedings For High Treason And Other Crimes And Misdemeanors
1126:
1101:
351:
298:
951:
Holden, Robert Mackenzie (October 1905). "The First Highland Regiment: The Argyllshire Highlanders".
247:
played active military roles, others remained civilians who delegated their duties to a subordinate.
373:
Secretary of State for Scotland, Hill ordered Hamilton to block the northern exits from Glencoe at
287:
279:
290:
appears to have largely performed this function from July 1690 to disbandment in February 1697.
327:
224:
104:
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232:
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Still partially trained and understrength, in July 1689 the Argylls were used to garrison
8:
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128:
398:
Second Siege of Namur, 1695; its recapture was the major Allied achievement of the war.
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in 1695, leaving Duncanson in command when the regiment was part of the garrison of
192:
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in England. The invasion threat was ended by the Anglo-Dutch naval victories of
394:
254:
Lord Lorne, later 2nd Duke of Argyll; appointed Colonel in 1694 at the age of 14
414:
In April 1694, Argyll transferred his commission as Colonel to his eldest son,
332:
228:
204:
1073:
Archaeologists trace lost settlements of Glencoe destroyed after 1692 massacre
738:
Archaeologists trace lost settlements of Glencoe destroyed after 1692 massacre
467:
At this stage, only five of the eight authorised companies had been recruited.
1090:
966:
Governing Gaeldom: The Scottish Highlands and the Restoration State 1660-1688
487:
323:
90:
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An individual could join a regiment in Scotland, be appointed to another in
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239:, changed names when transferred and were disbanded as soon as possible.
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was a Scottish infantry regiment formed in April 1689 to suppress
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Economy and Discipline: Officership and the British Army, 1714–63
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263:
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361:
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In most regiments, operational command was exercised by the
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English army lists and commission registers, 1661-1714 V4
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in the Highlands. In February 1692 it took part in the
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326:. A year later they moved to the new military base at
314:
Duart Castle; surrendered to the Argylls in early 1692
787:
775:
763:
626:
576:
346:
In the winter of 1691/92, the Argylls were besieging
516:
887:
The Nine Years' War and the British Army, 1688-1697
231:, which ruled England and Scotland for much of the
833:
594:
389:
211:in April 1694 and was disbanded on February 1697.
1023:History of the British Standing Army 1660 to 1700
641:
1117:Military units and formations in Argyll and Bute
1088:
540:
365:Glencoe; Duncanson's written orders to Glenlyon
846:
534:
870:(1990 ed.). Manchester University Press.
1001:
808:Journals of the House of Commons, Volume 12
757:
707:
695:
868:The British Army of William III, 1689-1702
851:(2002 ed.). Oxford University Press.
1049:"Official List of Septs of Clan Campbell"
609:"Official List of Septs of Clan Campbell"
59:
393:
360:
309:
249:
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23:Lord Lorne's Regiment (from April 1694)
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849:The Oxford History Of The British Army
847:Chandler, David; Beckett, Ian (1996).
811:. Great Britain House of Commons. 1803
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781:
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558:
522:
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1112:Regiments of Foot of the English Army
1047:Clan Campbell Society North America.
607:Clan Campbell Society North America.
422:Colonel Hume was severely wounded at
203:in early 1693 where it fought in the
1067:Campsie, Alison (12 February 2018).
1002:Scott, Walter; Somers, John (1832).
732:Campsie, Alison (12 February 2018).
931:
647:
546:
13:
985:Glencoe: The Story of the Massacre
280:Sir Duncan Campbell of Auchinbreck
14:
1138:
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836:Historical Manuscripts Commission
286:in July 1695. In reality, Major
61:
48:
936:. Manchester University Press.
889:. Manchester University Press.
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480:
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390:England and Flanders; 1692-1697
356:Glengarry's house being reduced
953:The Scottish Historical Review
486:Drummond also featured in the
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322:after the Jacobite victory at
1:
1025:(2010 ed.). Nabu Press.
1006:(2014 ed.). Nabu Press.
908:(2011 ed.). Nabu Press.
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444:
214:
7:
535:Chandler & Beckett 1996
299:Robert Campbell of Glenlyon
199:near London in May then to
10:
1143:
827:
262:, then transfer to one in
31:April 1689 - February 1697
21:Argyll's Regiment of Foot
1021:Walton, Clifford (1894).
904:Cobbett, William (1814).
185:Argyll's Regiment of Foot
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147:
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96:
86:
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1097:17th century in Scotland
923:Dalton, Charles (1896).
418:and it became known as
223:was commissioned by the
126:Jacobite Rising 1689-92
964:Kennedy, Allan (2014).
758:Scott & Somers 1832
708:Scott & Somers 1832
696:Scott & Somers 1832
595:Argyll Transcripts 1891
331:strongpoints including
136:Storming of Dottignies
1122:1697 disestablishments
983:Prebble, John (1973).
420:Lord Lorne's Regiment.
399:
366:
352:MacDonald of Glengarry
315:
255:
225:Parliament of Scotland
219:On 19 April 1689, the
1053:Clan Campbell Society
885:Childs, John (1991).
866:Childs, John (1987).
613:Clan Campbell Society
408:Barfleur and La Hogue
397:
364:
313:
253:
209:Lord Lorne's Regiment
233:English Commonwealth
573:, pp. 414–415.
441:in September 1697.
306:Scotland; 1689-1692
245:lieutenant colonels
189:Jacobite opposition
129:Massacre of Glencoe
1102:Highland regiments
932:Guy, Alan (1985).
400:
367:
350:, primary seat of
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278:, the first being
276:Lieutenant-Colonel
256:
152:The Duke of Argyll
138:Siege of Dixsmuide
943:978-0-7190-1099-6
858:978-0-19-280311-5
662:, pp. 35–40.
597:, pp. 12–24.
561:, pp. 34–35.
513:, pp. 27–28.
439:Treaty of Ryswick
369:As instructed by
348:Invergarry Castle
341:Cairnburgh Castle
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288:Robert Duncanson
269:Glencoe massacre
193:Glencoe Massacre
174:Robert Duncanson
167:Duncan Campbell
159:to February 1697
72:to February 1697
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284:Siege of Namur
229:New Model Army
221:Earl of Argyll
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741:. Retrieved
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720:Cobbett 1814
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684:Kennedy 2014
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616:. Retrieved
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583:Prebble 1973
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337:Duart Castle
328:Fort William
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243:colonels or
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218:
208:
207:. It became
184:
183:
105:Fort William
57:to May 1692
15:
987:. Penguin.
794:Childs 1991
782:Childs 1991
770:Childs 1991
660:Holden 1905
636:Walton 1894
571:Dalton 1896
559:Holden 1905
523:Childs 1987
511:Holden 1905
195:, moved to
123:Engagements
97:Garrison/HQ
1091:Categories
1058:9 February
815:9 December
618:9 February
498:References
458:obsession.
416:Lord Lorne
371:Lord Stair
164:Lt-Colonel
157:Lord Lorne
143:Commanders
44:Allegiance
968:. Brill.
445:Footnotes
428:Diksmuide
404:Brentford
215:Formation
197:Brentford
113:Diksmuide
109:Brentford
36:Disbanded
1107:Lochaber
648:Guy 1985
547:Guy 1985
260:Flanders
201:Flanders
81:Infantry
55:Scotland
828:Sources
264:Jamaica
237:Colonel
148:Colonel
69:England
1078:3 July
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743:3 July
66:
28:Active
435:Damme
424:Namur
320:Perth
117:Damme
101:Perth
1080:2018
1060:2018
1027:ISBN
1008:ISBN
989:ISBN
970:ISBN
959:(9).
938:ISBN
910:ISBN
891:ISBN
872:ISBN
853:ISBN
817:2017
745:2018
620:2018
339:and
87:Role
77:Type
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