1077:
742:
779:
47:
606:
251:
462:
1318:
573:
Instead of territorial expansion, the dukes of Zähringen from the 1150s focused on attaining more immediate feudal control over the territories they already had. This included their policy of expanding settlements into fortified towns or cities and the construction of new castles, mostly in their
345:
in 1090 (though not his comital title, which stayed with the family von Wetter-Rheinfelden). Berthold II is so named both as Duke of Swabia (following
Berthold of Rheinfelden, the first duke of Swabia of this name) and as head of the House of Zähringen (following his father, who is counted as
361:. In 1098, he reconciled with Frederick, renounced all claims to Swabia and instead concentrated on his possessions in the Breisgau region, assuming the title of Duke of Zähringen. He was succeeded in turn by his sons,
436:
After the extinction of the ducal line in 1218, much of its extensive territory in the
Breisgau and modern-day Switzerland returned to the crown, except for the allodial titles, which were divided between the
818:), then Duke of Zähringen from about 1100. The numeral II carried by Berthold refers to both the House of Zähringen (succeeding his father Berthold I) and the Duchy of Swabia (succeeding
574:
territories north of the Rhine. Their encroachment on the rights of the comital nobility south of the Rhine seems to have been resisted, mostly passively, but in the case of the lords of
554:
The extinction of the counts of
Lenzburg in 1173 strengthened the Zähringer position south of the Rhine, but their territorial expansion was halted following their support of the
214:. The Zähringer attempted to expand their territories in Swabia and Burgundy into a fully recognized duchy, but their expansion was halted in the 1130s due to their feud with the
408:(d. 1186), who followed his father Conrad and founded the Swiss city of Fryburg (today's Fribourg-Freiburg) in 1157, spent much of his time in Italy in the train of Emperor
396:. This office was confirmed in 1152 and held by the Zähringer dukes until 1218. As a result, they are sometimes referred to as 'Dukes of Burgundy', although the existing
346:
Berthold I of Zähringen in spite of not historically having used the name Zähringen). Berthold II did use the name Zähringen, although he moved his main residence from
800:(c. 1000–1078, r. 1061–1077), is also known as "Berthold I of Zähringen". Therefore, the succession of dukes of Zähringen begins with his son as Berthold II:
445:, both descended from the sisters of Berthold V. Less than fifty years later, the Kyburgs died out, and large portions of their domains were inherited by the
1359:
566:, in spite of late attempts on the part of Berthold V to increase his territorial sway (who as late as 1210 aimed at receiving the jurisdiction over
1131:
893:
423:
in 1191, and when he died in
February 1218, the ducal line of the Zähringer became extinct. Among other titles, the Zähringen family acted as
1150:
1091:(d. 1196) was a son of Duke Conrad I of Zähringen. Upon the death of his brother Berthold IV in 1186, he inherited the family estates around
1284:
1108:
1165:. This branch of the family died out in the male line in 1981 and in its entirety in 1994 with the death of Francis's granddaughter,
1533:
1158:
990:
1322:
1352:
482:
1221:
182:. The Zähringer in the 12th century used the title of Duke of Zähringen, in compensation for having conceded the title of
17:
594:
562:
during 1138–1152. This frustrated their ambitions to carve out a contiguous territorial duchy wedged between Swabia and
465:
Territories of the dominant noble houses in Swabia and Upper
Burgundy around 1200; Zähringen possessions shown in green
1523:
829:
362:
980:
115:
845:
644:
405:
326:
in 1061. However, this dignity was only a titular one, and
Berthold subsequently lost it when, in the course of the
226:. After the extinction of the ducal line in 1218, parts of the family's territories reverted to the crown (attained
218:. Pursuing their territorial ambitions, the Zähringer founded numerous cities and monasteries on either side of the
1345:
547:
in 1156. In compensation, Berthold IV received the investiture right for the bishops of Geneva, Sion and
Lausanne,
851:
786:
766:
416:
239:
110:
520:
419:, showed his prowess by reducing the Burgundian nobles to order. This latter duke was the founder of the city of
409:
389:
381:
341:(c. 1050–1111), who like his father fought against Henry IV, inherited a lot of the lands of Rudolf's son Count
1584:
1448:
793:
750:
660:
373:
273:
100:
1579:
1473:
835:
366:
1013:
866:
299:
923:
331:
1589:
1021:
1005:
915:
815:
807:
358:
338:
265:(d. 982), who was first mentioned in 962. In view of his name, he may have been related to the Alemannic
1119:
609:
1438:
1278:
997:
862:
819:
544:
469:
Berthold I (ancestor of both the House of Zähringen and the House of Baden) held the comital titles of
342:
919:
839:
401:
393:
1255:, Zürich, dated 1187) is the only contemporary attestation of a Zähringer coat of arms. Franz Zell,
871:
1508:
1088:
1081:
453:, whereas other cities (such as Fribourg-Freiburg) only obtained the same status later in history.
1257:
Geschichte und
Beschreibung des Badischen Wappens von seiner Entstehung bis auf seine heutige Form
957:
until the end of the German monarchy in 1918. For the Heads of the House of Baden until 1918, see
1372:
1076:
958:
934:
905:
327:
1488:
1503:
1301:
648:
194:
in 1127, and they continued to use both titles until the extinction of the ducal line in 1218.
1498:
1295:
885:
197:
The territories and fiefs held by the Zähringer were known as the Duchy of Zähringen (German:
1483:
1413:
1328:
1154:
1123:
685:
559:
311:
1239:
1513:
1468:
1463:
954:
942:
927:
823:
670:
656:
629:
505:
179:
82:
78:
8:
1458:
1388:
1166:
1127:
950:
585:
The fragmentation of the Zähringer possessions after 1218 was an important factor in the
31:
1178:
489:
347:
254:
175:
1543:
1493:
1100:
762:
637:
590:
516:
501:
450:
377:
323:
276:(posthumously known as Berthold I of Zähringen, c. 1000–1078), held several lordships (
227:
191:
70:
1142:, became Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India.
778:
1433:
1428:
1096:
563:
509:
446:
397:
330:, he joined the rising of his former rival Rudolf of Rheinfelden against German king
319:
1103:
shortly before his assassination. The line became extinct in 1439 with the death of
575:
1538:
1478:
1443:
1398:
1383:
889:
586:
1548:
1453:
1162:
911:
879:
797:
782:
761:, based on the respective coats of arms used in the later medieval period by the
746:
730:
617:
540:
351:
307:
303:
231:
171:
163:
74:
1214:
1208:
1202:
741:
1553:
1528:
1408:
946:
875:
811:
719:
532:
528:
478:
438:
385:
315:
235:
183:
1252:
652:
1573:
1518:
1423:
1273:
1104:
729:
on Lake Geneva is not a Zähringer foundation (having been founded in 1286 by
442:
291:
223:
46:
1418:
1403:
1135:
1071:
715:
295:
219:
149:
1337:
1149:
and (aside from Queen Mary) took the name
Cambridge, with his eldest son (
430:
1277:
1146:
605:
536:
488:
In 1098, Berthold II, founder of the House of Zähringen proper, received
266:
261:
The earliest-known ancestor of the family was one
Berthold, Count in the
60:
1251:
The shield with heraldic eagle visible in this seal (from a document at
250:
1393:
703:
567:
493:
425:
384:. Renaud prevailed, although he had to cede large parts of the eastern
278:
211:
1294:
1145:
Francis's surviving children ceased using their German titles during
1092:
707:
633:
474:
848:(c. 1125–1186), son, Duke of Zähringen from 1152, rector of Burgundy
711:
497:
441:(who subsequently called themselves the counts of Freiburg) and the
1139:
938:
677:
470:
262:
190:
in 1098. The Zähringer were granted the special title of Rector of
1095:
and, from 1187, adopted the title of Duke of Teck. His descendant
461:
1368:
854:(1160–1218), son, Duke of Zähringen from 1186, rector of Burgundy
287:
283:
187:
838:(c. 1090–1152), brother, Duke of Zähringen from 1122, rector of
733:) but shared the characteristic layout of the Zähringer cities.
1317:
1115:
726:
689:
306:, but this was not fulfilled, as upon Henry's death, his widow
200:
616:
Among the cities founded or expanded by the Zähringer dukes (
555:
215:
207:
749:
in a stained glass window by Hans Reichle (c. 1570–1642) in
693:
681:
579:
420:
30:"Zahringer" redirects here. For people with that name, see
589:
of the late medieval period in the region, including the
765:
who claimed the Zähringer inheritance (ancestors of the
539:. The territories south of Lake Geneva were conceded to
388:
lands to Conrad, who thereupon was appointed by Emperor
357:
In 1092, Berthold II was elected Duke of Swabia against
230:), while other parts were divided between the houses of
753:. There are two traditions of attributed arms, either
612:, shown on the Zähringer monument in Bern, Switzerland
523:). Ownership of Burgundy was contested, and Zähringer
1215:
1236:
Münzgeschichte des Zähringen-Badischen Fürstenhauses
1209:
1203:
372:
In 1127, upon the assassination of his nephew Count
643:in Swabia, east of the Black Forest (Württemberg):
1571:
832:(c. 1085–1122), son, Duke of Zähringen from 1111
702:Other towns owned by or under the jurisdiction (
485:). The county of Thurgau was lost around 1077.
456:
294:. By his mother, he was related to the rising
1353:
1001:, Prince and Margrave, 1928–1929 (1867–1929)
937:, Herman's descendants ruled successively as
628:in Swabia, west of the Black Forest (Baden):
1288:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
318:in 1057. In compensation, Berthold was made
198:
1367:
272:Count Berthold's great-grandson, the later
1360:
1346:
45:
874:(d. 1175), daughter of Conrad I, married
174:nobility. The family's name derived from
1499:Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
1272:
1075:
964:Heads of the House of Baden since 1918:
777:
740:
604:
504:until 1173). Ownership of the county of
460:
376:, Conrad claimed the inheritance of the
249:
1118:with the same name was granted by King
551:realised only in the case of Lausanne.
14:
1572:
51:Coat of Arms of the House of Zähringen
1341:
1292:
1099:(1235–1292) allegedly was designated
865:(d. 1110), son of Berthold I, became
773:
666:in Burgundy (western Swiss plateau):
302:had promised his vassal Berthold the
1222:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
926:, was the first to use the title of
519:was granted in 1127 (inheritance of
991:Prince William of Baden (1829–1897)
975:Friedrich I, Grand Duke (1826–1907)
888:(d. 1191), son of Conrad I, became
595:growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy
144:
24:
1331:– original castle of the Zähringer
1191:
984:, Grand Duke 1907–1928 (1857–1928)
25:
1601:
1310:
1293:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
1138:(1867–1953), as the wife of King
970:Leopold I, Grand Duke (1790–1852)
899:
558:in the unsuccessful feud against
527:rule was limited to the parts of
1316:
1065:
449:. Bern achieved the status of a
135:1218 (ducal branch of Zähringen)
933:Now more commonly known as the
521:Otto-William, Count of Burgundy
400:was not an Imperial fief but a
210:in equal standing with the old
1245:
1234:August Freiherr von Berstett,
1228:
794:Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia
680:(Freiburg im Üechtland, 1157)
392:as a 'rector' of the Imperial
274:Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia
13:
1:
1266:
1132:Duke Alexander of Württemberg
914:margravial title was used by
736:
706:) of the Zähringer include:
593:of Bern and Zürich, and the
477:, as well as being reeve in
222:, as well as in the western
206:), but it was not seen as a
7:
1172:
1025:, 2022–present (born 1970)
816:Frederick I of Hohenstaufen
814:from 1092 to 1098 (against
755:or an eagle displayed gules
597:in the early 14th century.
582:in an open revolt in 1191.
457:Possessions and territories
359:Frederick I of Hohenstaufen
27:Dynasty of Swabian nobility
10:
1606:
1279:"Zähringen (family)"
1069:
903:
820:Berthold I, Duke of Swabia
245:
29:
1379:
1259:(1858), p. 7 and plate I.
858:Other notable Zähringer:
600:
394:Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles
140:
130:
122:
106:
96:
88:
66:
56:
44:
39:
1197: Erwin Eugster:
1184:
1120:Charles I of Württemberg
1082:Adalbert I, Duke of Teck
1034:Karl-Wilhelm (born 2006)
1017:, 1963–2022 (1933–2022)
1009:, 1929–1963 (1906–1963)
1285:Encyclopædia Britannica
959:List of rulers of Baden
920:Berthold I of Zähringen
906:List of rulers of Baden
759:gules a lion rampant or
515:The 'rectorate' of the
512:also dates to c. 1198.
415:His son and successor,
343:Berthold of Rheinfelden
328:Investiture Controversy
101:Berthold I of Zähringen
1302:Encyclopedia Americana
1157:and his youngest son (
1124:Prince Francis of Teck
1085:
872:Clementia of Zähringen
790:
770:
688:(castle before 1175),
621:
613:
466:
410:Frederick I Barbarossa
282:) in the Breisgau, in
258:
199:
167:
118:as Grand Duke of Baden
1585:German noble families
1449:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1155:Marquess of Cambridge
1109:Patriarch of Aquileia
1079:
1031:Friedrich (born 2004)
781:
744:
608:
560:Conrad III of Germany
464:
312:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
253:
126:Count, Duke, Margrave
1524:Palatine Zweibrücken
1325:at Wikimedia Commons
1167:Lady Mary Abel Smith
1134:. Francis' daughter
1050:Berthold (born 1976)
1028:Leopold, (born 2002)
955:Grand Dukes of Baden
953:until 1806, then as
918:, the eldest son of
863:Gebhard of Zähringen
803:Dukes of Zähringen:
767:House of Fürstenberg
718:(acquired 1198) and
657:Weilheim an der Teck
630:Freiburg im Breisgau
180:Freiburg im Breisgau
113:as Duke of Zähringen
83:Grand Duchy of Baden
79:Margraviate of Baden
1047:Ludwig (born 1937)
1042:Michael (born 1976)
1039:Leopold (born 1971)
951:Electorate of Baden
890:Archbishop of Mainz
886:Rudolf of Zähringen
867:Bishop of Constance
382:Renaud III of Mâcon
350:to the newly built
314:to the position of
170:) was a dynasty of
32:Zahringer (surname)
1590:962 establishments
1580:House of Zähringen
1474:Brunswick-Lüneburg
1323:House of Zähringen
1199:House of Zähringen
1101:King of the Romans
1086:
791:
774:House of Zähringen
771:
763:counts of Freiburg
751:Freiburg town hall
638:Neuenburg am Rhein
614:
591:imperial immediacy
587:communal movements
517:county of Burgundy
502:Counts of Lenzburg
467:
451:free imperial city
378:County of Burgundy
324:Margrave of Verona
267:Ahalolfing dynasty
259:
228:imperial immediacy
160:House of Zähringen
71:Duchy of Carinthia
40:House of Zähringen
1567:
1566:
1439:Habsburg-Lorraine
1321:Media related to
1296:"Zähringen"
1097:Conrad II of Teck
928:Margrave of Baden
916:Herman I of Baden
714:(acquired 1173),
710:(acquired 1127),
483:bishop of Bamberg
447:House of Habsburg
398:Duchy of Burgundy
320:Duke of Carinthia
156:
155:
152:(extinct in 1439)
18:Duke of Zähringen
16:(Redirected from
1597:
1534:Holstein-Gottorp
1362:
1355:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1329:Zähringen Castle
1320:
1306:
1298:
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1281:
1260:
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1243:
1232:
1226:
1217:
1211:
1205:
1195:
1179:Zähringerbrunnen
922:. Herman's son,
822:of the House of
810:(c. 1050–1111),
757:(shown here) or
490:Zähringen Castle
443:counts of Kyburg
348:Zähringen Castle
310:appointed Count
298:family. Emperor
255:Zähringen Castle
205:
176:Zähringen Castle
136:
49:
37:
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1163:Earl of Athlone
1126:(1837–1900), a
1074:
1068:
1063:
908:
902:
894:Bishop of Liège
783:Equestrian seal
776:
747:attributed arms
739:
731:Louis I of Vaud
636:(before 1148),
622:Zähringerstädte
603:
500:(alongside the
459:
439:counts of Urach
352:Freiburg Castle
337:Berthold's son
308:Agnes of Poitou
304:Duchy of Swabia
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1311:External links
1309:
1308:
1307:
1290:
1276:, ed. (1911).
1274:Chisholm, Hugh
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1244:
1227:
1219:in the online
1189:
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876:Henry the Lion
869:
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855:
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843:
833:
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812:Duke of Swabia
796:, Margrave of
775:
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738:
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720:Stein am Rhein
700:
699:
698:
697:
674:
669:on the Rhine:
664:
661:Limburg castle
641:
602:
599:
529:Upper Burgundy
481:(owned by the
479:Stein am Rhein
458:
455:
380:against Count
365:(d. 1122) and
316:Duke of Swabia
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184:Duke of Swabia
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1066:Dukes of Teck
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1016:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
993:
992:
988:
983:
982:
978:
977:
976:
973:
972:
971:
968:
967:
965:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
907:
895:
891:
887:
884:
881:
877:
873:
870:
868:
864:
861:
860:
859:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
806:
805:
804:
801:
799:
795:
788:
784:
780:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
743:
734:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
672:
668:
667:
665:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
639:
635:
631:
627:
626:
625:
623:
619:
611:
607:
598:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:and north of
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
513:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
463:
454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
434:
432:
428:
427:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
386:Transjuranian
383:
379:
375:
370:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
344:
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
280:
275:
270:
268:
264:
256:
252:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
224:Swiss Plateau
221:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
151:
146:
143:
139:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
57:Parent family
55:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1558:
1484:Hohenzollern
1419:Hohenstaufen
1369:Royal houses
1334:
1300:
1283:
1256:
1247:
1235:
1230:
1220:
1198:
1193:
1144:
1136:Mary of Teck
1113:
1087:
1072:Duke of Teck
1020:
1012:
1004:
996:
989:
981:Friedrich II
979:
974:
969:
963:
945:of 1803, as
943:Final Recess
932:
909:
857:
830:Berthold III
802:
792:
789:, dated 1187
758:
754:
725:The city of
724:
716:Schaffhausen
704:Reichsvogtei
701:
676:Aare basin:
615:
584:
572:
553:
548:
531:east of the
524:
514:
494:jurisdiction
487:
468:
435:
424:
414:
371:
363:Berthold III
356:
336:
296:Hohenstaufen
279:Herrschaften
277:
271:
260:
220:Black Forest
212:stem duchies
196:
159:
157:
116:Frederick II
92:11th century
1514:Mecklenburg
1489:Württemberg
1469:Schwarzburg
1464:Wittelsbach
1404:Luitpolding
1389:Carolingian
1253:Fraumünster
1225:, 2015.
1147:World War I
1116:ducal title
1114:In 1871, a
1093:Teck Castle
846:Berthold IV
824:Rheinfelden
808:Berthold II
692:(c. 1180),
671:Rheinfelden
655:(c. 1200),
653:Bräunlingen
645:Sankt Peter
537:Lake Geneva
506:Rheinfelden
406:Berthold IV
390:Lothair III
374:William III
369:(d. 1152).
339:Berthold II
240:Fürstenberg
131:Dissolution
107:Final ruler
61:Alaholfings
1574:Categories
1459:Luxembourg
1394:Conradines
1267:References
1128:morganatic
1089:Adalbert I
1014:Maximilian
998:Maximilian
941:until the
904:See also:
878:, Duke of
852:Berthold V
787:Berthold V
745:Zähringen
696:(c. 1190).
673:(c. 1150);
610:Berthold V
568:St. Gallen
426:Reichsvogt
417:Berthold V
404:one. Duke
111:Berthold V
1559:Zähringen
1544:Bonaparte
1494:Oldenburg
1159:Alexander
1084:(c. 1190)
939:margraves
930:in 1112.
924:Herman II
842:from 1127
737:Genealogy
708:Solothurn
663:c. 1060);
649:Villingen
634:Offenburg
431:Zürichgau
354:in 1091.
334:in 1073.
300:Henry III
257:, c. 1500
203:Zähringen
201:Herzogtum
168:Zähringer
1434:Lorraine
1429:Habsburg
1399:Ottonian
1238:(1846),
1173:See also
1151:Adolphus
1140:George V
1080:Seal of
1022:Bernhard
1006:Berthold
947:electors
912:Veronese
840:Burgundy
836:Conrad I
686:Burgdorf
684:(1191),
678:Fribourg
651:(1119),
647:(1093),
632:(1120),
564:Burgundy
549:de facto
545:Provence
525:de facto
510:Burgdorf
492:and the
471:Breisgau
332:Henry IV
263:Breisgau
192:Burgundy
147:(extant)
1539:Romanov
1479:Griffin
1444:Hanover
1384:Ascania
1373:Germany
1216:Italian
1130:son of
949:of the
882:in 1147
640:(1175);
624:) are:
508:and of
475:Thurgau
429:of the
288:Ortenau
284:Thurgau
246:History
188:Staufer
186:to the
172:Swabian
97:Founder
89:Founded
67:Country
1549:Wettin
1454:Nassau
1409:Salian
1210:French
1204:German
880:Saxony
798:Verona
727:Morges
712:Zürich
690:Murten
618:German
601:Cities
498:Zürich
433:area.
402:French
367:Conrad
232:Kyburg
164:German
123:Titles
1554:Lippe
1529:Hesse
1185:Notes
576:Glâne
556:Welfs
541:Savoy
496:over
236:Urach
216:Welfs
208:duchy
178:near
145:Baden
1519:Vasa
1424:Welf
1240:p. 3
1213:and
1201:in
910:The
892:and
694:Thun
682:Bern
580:Thun
578:and
543:and
533:Jura
473:and
421:Bern
322:and
292:Baar
290:and
238:and
158:The
150:Teck
1371:of
1122:to
785:of
570:).
1576::
1299:.
1282:.
1207:,
1169:.
1111:.
1107:,
961:.
826:).
769:).
722:.
620::
412:.
286:,
269:.
242:.
234:,
166::
1361:e
1354:t
1347:v
1305:.
1242:.
659:(
162:(
34:.
20:)
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