329:), when Emperor Wuzong issued an order to the eunuch monitor of Huainan Circuit that he should select 17 prostitutes who were capable in drinking games and send them to the palace. The eunuch monitor asked Du to be involved in the selection process, and further contemplated training regular women to learn the drinking games and then submitting them. Du refused to be involved. In anger, the eunuch monitor submitted an accusation against Du. When Emperor Wuzong received the report, however, he reconsidered and came to believe that his original order was inappropriate, and cancelled it. Later in the year, he recalled Du to serve as chancellor with the designation
361:) to the imperial government, Li Deyu argued that Guo was treacherous and should be put to death as well. Emperor Wuzong agreed with Li Deyu. Du, pointing out that at that time the imperial treasury was exhausted, argued for Guo to be tolerated, thus drawing Emperor Wuzong's displeasure. In 845, he was thus removed from his chancellor post. He was soon sent out of the capital to serve as the military governor of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern
548:) had too weak of an army to defend against the Nanzhao attack, and he abandoned it and fled to Jingnan. Du arrested Qin and submitted an accusation against Qin. Emperor Yizong, in response, issued an edict ordering that Qin be executed and that his assets and family be forfeited. This was not a response that Du expected, and, in shock, he suffered an illness and died. He was given posthumous honors.
231:) and acting director of finances. At that time, Princess Qiyang died; as a result of observing a mourning period for her — as it was customary for princesses' husbands to observe a three-year mourning period for them, although that was not required of ordinary widowers — he did not meet Emperor Wenzong to thank him for the commission, which surprised Emperor Wenzong. The chancellor
137:
the accomplished generals, instead requesting the officials in charge to select their husbands from scholarly officials whose sons had literary talents. Most of the candidates declined, but Du Cong did not. In 814, Emperor
Xianzong therefore had him marry Emperor Xianzong's daughter Princess Qiyang, the oldest daughter of Emperor Xianzong's wife
306:), to order Yang and Li Jue to commit suicide as well. When Du Cong heard of this, he met Li Deyu (who had become the lead chancellor by this point) and warned Li Deyu that Emperor Wuzong, being still a young emperor, should not become accustomed to kill high-level officials. Li Deyu and his fellow chancellors
136:
had just been made chancellor, Emperor
Xianzong, who was impressed with Dugu's talent, stated, "How is it that Quan Deyu gets a son-in-law like Dugu Yu and I do not?" Therefore, for his own daughters, he turned away from the tradition of selecting their husbands from the households of the nobles and
469:
should be punished for having failed to suggest
Emperor Yizong's succession late in Emperor Xuānzong's reign. Du argued against it, pointing out to Yang and the other eunuchs that getting the emperor accustomed to killing would also hurt them in the future. As a result, nothing was eventually done
235:
explained the reason why Du was not meeting him and commented, "This is half of the reason why prominent clans' members do not want to engage in marriages with the imperial household." Emperor
Wenzong commented that he did not know of this custom, and subsequently issued an edict abolishing it. In
141:. It was said that Princess Qiyang was humble, unlike many princesses of the day, and, to avoid a situation where her servants would look down on the Du household, she declined to take them with her. Little was known about Du's career the rest of Emperor Xianzong's reign, or the reigns of his son
573:, he died soon after he was surprised by an edict that he was to put the official Qin Kuangmou (秦匡謀) to death. Further, Du was said to be 79 years old at the time of his death. As Qin was executed in 873, it would appear that Du died in 873 as well, but that is not completely clear.
404:
Later, Du was transferred back to
Huainan Circuit. In 855, Huainan was suffering from a severe famine, but it was said that Du was spending his time in feasting and gaming, not managing the famine relief. When Emperor Xuānzong received report of this, he sent the chancellor
266:. Therefore, after Emperor Wuzong took the throne, he had Yang and Li Jue removed from their chancellor positions and sent out of the capital. In 841, after further accusations by Qiu against Yang, Li Jue, as well as two eunuchs that Emperor Wenzong had favored, Liu Hongyi (
206:), as well as the mayor of its capital Fengxiang Municipality. Thereafter, he briefly left government service to observe a mourning period when his mother died. In 834, he was recalled to government service as the military governor of Zhongwu Circuit (忠武, headquartered in
189:. Li Zongmin rejected the idea, but agreed to Du's alternate proposal of recommending Li Deyu as chief imperial censor; Li Deyu was pleased, but when Li Zongmin subsequently reneged, the possibility of peace between Li Zongmin and Li Deyu was broken.
876:, pointed out that this account was implausible given that Emperor Yizong had himself commissioned Bi and Du Shenquan as chancellors, and believed that this was an account forged by Du Cong's family members. See Hu's commentary, quoted in the
507:) and inform Qiulong that as soon as he changed his name, Tang would sanction his succession. Emperor Yizong agreed, but before the emissaries could be sent, Nanzhao launched an attack on Xi Prefecture (巂州, in modern
551:
The traditional accounts of Du's career indicated that he was not talented—that while he served as general and chancellor, he only cared about protecting himself and did not advance the careers of talented people.
339:), and also to serve as the director of finances and the director of the salt and iron monopolies. When Du met with him to thank him, he praised Du and compared Du to the early Tang chancellor
393:
in internal turmoil and various Tang circuit armies set out to recover territory that Tang had previously lost to Tufan, Du's
Xichuan Circuit recovered Wei Prefecture (維州, in modern
660:
However, while it appeared that this was during
Emperor Xianzong's reign, it is not completely clear which crown prince he served under, as Emperor Xianzong had two —
1021:
1006:
75:. He was traditionally considered a skilled politician who maintained his high position throughout his lengthy career, but not a capable chancellor.
1031:
1026:
1016:
996:
991:
1011:
318:
thus interceded on Yang's and Li Jue's behalf. Emperor Wuzong relented and spared Yang's and Li Jue's lives, although they were further demoted.
185:, a leader of the rival Li Faction (after whom the Li Faction was named), by suggesting that Li Zongmin offer to recommend Li Deyu to oversee the
394:
413:. A year or so later, he was made the defender of Luoyang. Sometime after, he was returned to Xichuan to serve as its military governor.
409:
to
Huainan to serve as its military governor, and made Du a senior advisor to the Crown Prince, but with his office at the eastern capital
501:(who was named Li Longji). Du suggested that new Tang emissaries be sent to Nanzhao to mourn the death of Qiulong's father Fengyou (
122:
Because Du Cong's heritage, he entered civil service early, and as his third assignment he served as a staff member of the
451:. It was said that there was a time when Emperor Yizong issued a secret order to him through the eunuch Yang Gongqing (
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
893:
848:
818:
802:
783:
767:
735:
702:
683:
615:
508:
138:
751:
278:), Emperor Wuzong ordered Liu and Xue to commit suicide, and sent messengers to Tang Prefecture (潭州, in modern
921:
909:
648:
597:
526:
In 863, Du was sent out of Chang'an to serve as the military governor of
Fengxiang, continuing to carry the
1036:
530:
title as an honorary title. He was eventually transferred to
Jingnan Circuit (荊南, headquartered in modern
1001:
470:
against Bi, Du Shenquan, or Jiang. While serving as chancellor, he was also given the honorific title of
386:
178:
88:
64:
109:) was Du You's second son, and served several terms as minister or regional governor. The famed poet
227:
Around the new year 838, Du was recalled to Chang'an to serve as the minister of public works (工部尚書,
538:). In 873, when Nanzhao attacked both Xichuan and Qianzhong Circuits (黔中, headquartered in modern
498:
321:
As of 844, Du was serving as the military governor of Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern
214:). In 835, there was a time when Emperor Wenzong was set to replace him with the general Li Ting (
146:
100:
96:
487:
over Tang's refusal to bestow imperial sanction on the succession of Nanzhao's new king Qiulong (
344:
162:
165:, Du Cong was made the mayor of Jingzhao Municipality (京兆, i.e., the region of the Tang capital
665:
661:
422:
249:
142:
92:
72:
68:
232:
186:
16:
This article is about the Tang Dynasty official. For the Hong Kong HIV/AIDS activist, see
8:
986:
981:
173:, a leader of the faction later known as the Niu Faction (named after Li Zongmin's ally
484:
916:
904:
830:
However, as there was no crown prince at that time, the post was entirely honorary.
643:
569:
421:
As of 861, by which time Emperor Xuānzong had died and been succeeded by his son
385:
As of 849, by which time Emperor Wuzong had died and been succeeded by his uncle
353:) killing Liu and surrendering Liu's Zhaoyi Circuit (昭義, headquartered in modern
220:), but Li Ting's commission was cancelled when Emperor Wenzong's close associate
928:
678:
610:
390:
975:
369:), and later was transferred to Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
33:
865:
861:
494:
253:
123:
56:
462:
315:
166:
224:
falsely accused Li Ting of corruption, and Du thus remained at Zhongwu.
169:). At that time, he was considered a close associate of the chancellor
83:
Du Cong came from a prominent aristocratic family, with his grandfather
869:
466:
192:
In 833, Du was sent out of Chang'an to serve as the military governor (
174:
170:
343:. Later in the year, after the imperial campaign against the warlord
539:
340:
263:
248:
Emperor Wenzong died in 840 and was succeeded by his younger brother
221:
149:, other than that he eventually became minister of agriculture (司農卿,
133:
389:, Du Cong was at Xichuan. That year, with Tang's rival to the west
531:
516:
429:(左僕射, one of the heads of the executive bureau of government (尚書省,
406:
362:
354:
322:
307:
279:
194:
17:
132:) offered to resign on account of the fact that his father-in-law
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In 832, during the reign of Emperor Jingzong's younger brother
84:
535:
300:), where Li Jue was serving as the governor of Gui District (
283:
211:
199:
110:
60:
286:), where Yang was serving as the governor of Hunan Circuit (
113:
was his cousin (son of Du Shifang's brother Du Congyu (
181:. He tried to broker a peace between Li Zongmin and
262:), against the wishes of the chancellors Li Jue and
240:) and continued to act as the director of finances.
198:) of Fengxiang Circuit (鳳翔, headquartered in modern
443:), the deputy head of the examination bureau (門下省,
433:)) and the director of finances, when he was made
380:
156:
973:
416:
243:
425:, Du Cong was back at Chang'an and serving as
78:
543:
502:
493:) over Qiulong's name being violative of the
488:
483:At that time, Tang was engaged in a war with
475:
452:
438:
395:Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture
348:
334:
301:
287:
273:
267:
257:
215:
127:
114:
104:
50:
40:
27:
542:), the defender of Qianzhong, Qin Kuangmou (
447:) and chancellor again with the designation
236:838, Du was made minister of census (戶部尚書,
1022:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Dongchuan Circuit
1007:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Fengxiang Circuit
840:
838:
836:
794:
792:
720:The Outlines of the History of the Chinese
457:) that the other chancellors at the time,
694:
692:
1032:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Jingnan Circuit
1027:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Xichuan Circuit
1017:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Huainan Circuit
997:Chancellors under Emperor Yizong of Tang
992:Chancellors under Emperor Wuzong of Tang
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
567:According to Du Cong's biography in the
1012:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Xuanwu Circuit
833:
808:
789:
638:
636:
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
555:
974:
689:
603:
126:. When the imperial scholar Dugu Yu (
878:Bo Yang Edition of the Zizhi Tongjian
576:
523:), and so the mission was cancelled.
292:), and Gui Prefecture (桂州, in modern
621:
515:) and Qionglai Pass (邛崍關, in modern
252:, supported by the powerful eunuchs
13:
509:Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture
347:resulted in Liu's officer Guo Yi (
14:
1048:
528:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
449:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
331:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
103:. Du Cong's father Du Shifang (
883:
854:
824:
773:
757:
741:
480:) and created the Duke of Bin.
381:During Emperor Xuānzong's reign
725:
708:
671:
668:(the eventual Emperor Muzong).
654:
561:
157:During Emperor Wenzong's reign
1:
417:During Emperor Yizong's reign
244:During Emperor Wuzong's reign
99:, and Emperor Shunzong's son
71:and Emperor Wuzong's cousin
7:
79:Background and early career
10:
1053:
179:Niu-Li Factional Struggles
15:
872:, the commentator to the
544:
503:
489:
476:
453:
439:
349:
335:
302:
288:
274:
268:
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145:and Emperor Muzong's son
128:
115:
105:
55:) was an official of the
51:
41:
28:
722:(中國人史綱), vol. 2, p. 568.
95:, Emperor Dezong's son
63:, serving two terms as
187:imperial examinations
91:during the reigns of
67:during the reigns of
556:Notes and references
1037:Du clan of Jingzhao
87:having served as a
272:) and Xue Jileng (
32:, c. 794?-873?),
1044:
917:New Book of Tang
905:Old Book of Tang
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852:
842:
831:
828:
822:
812:
806:
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748:Old Book of Tang
745:
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669:
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594:New Book of Tang
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546:
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505:
499:Emperor Xuanzong
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256:and Yu Hongzhi (
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147:Emperor Jingzong
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101:Emperor Xianzong
97:Emperor Shunzong
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45:), formally the
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43:
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30:
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1002:Mayors of Xi'an
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752:vol. 17, part 2
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229:Gongbu Shangshu
163:Emperor Wenzong
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12:
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5:
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929:Zizhi Tongjian
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890:Zizhi Tongjian
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874:Zizhi Tongjian
853:
845:Zizhi Tongjian
832:
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815:Zizhi Tongjian
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799:Zizhi Tongjian
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780:Zizhi Tongjian
772:
764:Zizhi Tongjian
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732:Zizhi Tongjian
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699:Zizhi Tongjian
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679:Zizhi Tongjian
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653:
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611:Zizhi Tongjian
602:
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435:Menxia Shilang
431:Shangshu Sheng
423:Emperor Yizong
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250:Emperor Wuzong
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143:Emperor Muzong
93:Emperor Dezong
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73:Emperor Yizong
69:Emperor Wuzong
9:
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860:However, the
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827:
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38:
35:
34:courtesy name
25:
19:
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866:Yuan Dynasty
862:Song Dynasty
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563:
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527:
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495:naming taboo
482:
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445:Menxia Sheng
444:
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384:
330:
320:
254:Qiu Shiliang
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238:Hubu Shanshu
237:
228:
226:
193:
191:
160:
150:
124:Crown Prince
121:
82:
57:Tang dynasty
46:
36:
23:
22:
880:, vol. 60 .
714:See, e.g.,
463:Du Shenquan
316:Chen Yixing
151:Sinong Qing
139:Consort Guo
47:Duke of Bin
987:873 deaths
982:794 births
976:Categories
870:Hu Sanxing
868:historian
467:Jiang Shen
175:Niu Sengru
171:Li Zongmin
89:chancellor
65:chancellor
540:Chongqing
427:Zuo Pushe
341:Wei Zheng
264:Yang Sifu
222:Zheng Zhu
177:) in the
134:Quan Deyu
932:, vols.
922:vol. 166
910:vol. 147
894:vol. 252
849:vol. 250
819:vol. 249
803:vol. 248
784:vol. 247
768:vol. 246
736:vol. 245
703:vol. 244
684:vol. 239
649:vol. 147
616:vol. 252
598:vol. 166
532:Jingzhou
407:Cui Xuan
363:Mianyang
355:Changzhi
345:Liu Zhen
336:同中書門下平章事
323:Yangzhou
308:Cui Gong
280:Changsha
195:Jiedushi
167:Chang'an
18:Chung To
716:Bo Yang
666:Li Heng
662:Li Ning
521:Sichuan
513:Sichuan
485:Nanzhao
459:Bi Xian
411:Luoyang
399:Sichuan
375:Sichuan
371:Chengdu
367:Sichuan
327:Jiangsu
312:Cui Dan
298:Guangxi
208:Xuchang
204:Shaanxi
183:Li Deyu
24:Du Cong
465:, and
359:Shanxi
314:, and
294:Guilin
233:Li Jue
85:Du You
37:Yongyu
536:Hubei
517:Ya'an
472:Taifu
391:Tufan
284:Hunan
212:Henan
200:Baoji
111:Du Mu
61:China
664:and
497:for
440:門下侍郎
116:杜從郁)
966:252
962:250
958:249
954:248
950:247
946:246
942:245
938:244
934:239
545:秦匡謀
454:楊公慶
401:).
377:).
275:薛季稜
269:劉弘逸
259:魚弘志
153:).
129:獨孤郁
119:).
106:杜式方
59:of
978::
964:,
960:,
956:,
952:,
948:,
944:,
940:,
936:,
920:,
908:,
892:,
847:,
835:^
817:,
801:,
791:^
782:,
766:,
750:,
734:,
718:,
701:,
691:^
682:,
647:,
623:^
614:,
596:,
578:^
534:,
519:,
511:,
504:豐祐
490:酋龍
477:太傅
461:,
397:,
373:,
365:,
357:,
350:郭誼
325:,
310:,
303:桂管
296:,
289:湖南
282:,
217:李聽
210:,
202:,
52:邠公
42:永裕
29:杜悰
968:.
924:.
912:.
896:.
864:/
851:.
821:.
805:.
786:.
770:.
754:.
738:.
705:.
686:.
651:.
618:.
600:.
474:(
437:(
333:(
49:(
39:(
26:(
20:.
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