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784:(April 29 to May 6, 1985), logging over 168 hours in space. Due to Apollo-era managerial preferences, his contentious relationship with George Abbey, NASA budgetary problems and delays in the Space Shuttle program, Lind waited longer than any other continuously serving American astronaut for a spaceflight: 19 years. STS-51-B's average age of 48.6 was the oldest for an American space mission.
44:
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704:) about the perceived administrative machinations of Slayton and Shepard and Harrison Schmitt's assignment to Apollo 17. However, Abbey—a close friend of Schmitt who would eventually oversee Astronaut Corps assignments as director of flight operations from 1976 to 1988—took umbrage at Lind's cooperation with a 1969 report in
802:
mission. A space program aficionado has speculated that Lind's science-dominant assignment was a "reward... for sticking around so long," in contrast to the majority of early STS missions that were centered around routinized satellite deployments. The seven-man crew investigated crystal growth, drop
684:
while Lind was still on track to be assigned to a lunar mission. Although he cross-trained with Lenoir and briefly proposed swapping positions with his crewmate, Lind elected to retain his original assignment due to the greater likelihood of the rescue mission (which could only accommodate the
671:
Astronauts knew little of why or how they were assigned to missions. By the Skylab era, Lind was informally perceived as a "scientist-pilot" because of his doctorate. According to David
Shayler, Lind "could never understand why he was not on the crew as science pilot" due to his work on the
722:
received the unused Skylab B he "cried ceremonially in front of it", Lind later said; "I was ... in the right place at the wrong time". He was reassigned to the
Science and Applications Directorate in 1974, formally codifying his status as a scientist-astronaut. In a 1976 memo,
715:) who perceived Abbey as a "faceless 'horse-holder' who had worked his way into a powerful job." Although Abbey could not forestall Lind's eventual flight, their acrimonious relationship played a key role in hindering the astronaut's progression in the flight rotation.
810:. As the experiment used a camera already on the Shuttle, NASA only needed to purchase three rolls of film for $ 36; Lind described it as "the cheapest experiment that has ever gone into space." After completing 110 orbits of the Earth, the
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that exposed rampant dissatisfaction among the scientist-astronauts. He also alleged that Lind complained about "any and all subjects" related to the space program, associating him with a coterie of scientist-astronauts (including
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mission's Earth resources package; this could be attributed in part to seniority and specialization, as all of the prime crew science pilots were drawn from Group 4. Additionally, Skylab 4 Science Pilot
803:
dynamics leading to containerless material processing, atmospheric trace gas spectroscopy, solar and planetary atmospheric simulation, cosmic rays, laboratory animals and human medical monitoring.
884:, with whom he had seven children. STS-51-B was two decades after son David's stomach aches from fear of appearing on television like the families of other astronauts, such as neighbors
328:, launched April 29, 1985. He designed an experiment to capture the Earth's aurora. The payload experiments consisted primarily of microgravity research and atmospheric measurement. The
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in August 2007. Although twenty-two years elapsed between her initial affiliation with NASA and her spaceflight, she was not continuously employed by the agency.
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about his experience. He and his wife
Kathleen served as public affairs missionaries in the Europe West Area of the Church, as temple missionaries in the
597:. Due to standard crew rotations, it is believed that Lind would have followed Schmitt as the second scientist-astronaut Lunar Module Pilot on one of the
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845:
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1116:
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617:, Lind was formally reassigned to the latter effort in August 1969; according to Slayton, who noted Lind's disappointment, "with the cancellation of
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EVA (including the Apollo Lunar
Surface Experiments Packages that would continue to relay data following the missions) and other tools used on the
2015:
1039:
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892:. Kathleen said before the mission that "For our family, I think we're better off now without the publicity" as space travel became more common.
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Lind retired from NASA on the twentieth anniversary of his selection in 1986. For nine years thereafter, he served as a professor of physics and
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mission (scrapped in favor of the more economical extension of Skylab 4 from 56 to 84 days); and may have flown as a pilot or science pilot on
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astronaut groups, which consisted of medical doctors and Ph.D. scientists who were not qualified pilots. However, he and Group 5 colleague
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by 74 days, despite arguing that he would not have to learn to fly. After the age restriction changed, he was among the fifth group, the "
442:. After jokingly requesting flight training, Lind was unable to change his assignment and found that he enjoyed flying. He received his
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660:(ultimately thwarted due to Brand and Lind's resourcefulness in devising a solution in the simulators) and the proposed 20-day
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With the help of his Alaska postdoctoral group, Lind developed and conducted an experiment to photograph the Earth's
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and other NASA managers emphasized; among other factors, this would delay their progression in the flight rotation.
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506:. He was involved in experiments to determine the nature and properties of low-energy particles within the Earth's
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297:. After completing his doctorate, Lind worked at NASA's Goddard Research Center from 1964 to 1966. Selected with
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pilot until 1983) and the remaining Apollo-era scientist-astronauts. During this period, he was a member of the
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were the only scientist-astronauts to receive advanced helicopter training, a key prerequisite for piloting the
2001:
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with an undergraduate degree in physics in 1953. Following his military service obligation, he earned a PhD in
1801:
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461:. Lind logged more than 4,500 hours of flight time during his naval and NASA careers, 4,000 of which were in
408:
2026:
621:, I could see I just wasn't going to have a flight for him". Together, Lind and Group 6 scientist-astronaut
1610:
1115:(Interview). Interviewed by Wright, Rebecca. NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project. May 27, 2005.
1112:
922:, with many of his children and grandchildren at his bedside. His funeral was planned for September 10 in
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Differential
Distribution of Charge-Exchange and Inelastic Neutrons in Π-p Interactions at 313 and 371 MeV
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in the
Northeastern United States before graduating from college (1950–52), and after STS-51-B spoke in
356:, with his two sisters, Charlene and Kathleen. He attended Midvale Elementary School and graduated from
2210:
841:
1252:
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implicitly characterized Lind as one of NASA's nine active scientist-astronauts in the context of the
549:) were nonetheless treated as scientist-astronauts by NASA due to their academic training and lack of
529:
Lind was selected as a pilot with other "Original
Nineteen" astronauts in contrast to the fourth and
470:
141:
1640:. Outward Odyssey: a People's History of Spaceflight. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 22–23.
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811:
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329:
1496:"Shuttle Flight Is Lind's First Mission : Astronaut's 19-Year Wait for Space Trip Ends Today"
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Amid the gradual cancellation of the later Apollo missions and the devolution of the AAP into the
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disaster before electing to return to teaching in the fall of 1986. She was then selected as a
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798:, Florida, on April 29, 1985. Following several delays, this was the first fully operational
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in 1966, he helped to develop the Apollo 11 EVA activities, and served as CAPCOM for the
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in 1964. During a leave of absence from NASA, he conducted postdoctoral research at the
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Astronaut Maker: How One
Mysterious Engineer Ran Human Spaceflight for a Generation
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Lind finally flew as the lead mission specialist and de facto payload commander on
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Lind's wife
Kathleen died on June 12, 2022. Lind died on August 30, 2022, in
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commander and pilot) amid the space program's dwindling flight opportunities.
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I was backing up two of the most depressingly healthy people you can imagine.
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along with McCandless (who, unlike Lind, continued to train as a potential
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during flights. This helped him enroll at
Berkeley, where Lind researched
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1934:
1775:"Don Lind, shuttle astronaut whose moon mission was canceled, dies at 92"
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676:(like Lind, an atmospheric physicist) had taken on a research program in
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after completing his service obligation, attaining his terminal rank of
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for the early Space Shuttle Orbital Flight Test (OFT) missions and the
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1694:"Why Bruce McCandless waited so long to fly – collectSPACE: Messages"
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769:'s Operations Missions development group, responsible for developing
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1259:. High Point, North Carolina. p. 2A – via Newspapers.com.
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American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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Upon completing his undergraduate education, Lind enrolled at the
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comprised the Earth Resources Group of the Skylab Branch Office.
573:, Lind helped to develop and demonstrate the flight plan for the
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Lind served as a member of the lay ecclesiastical hierarchy of
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but did not have enough flight hours, and was too old for the
1146:. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. p. 28
259:(May 18, 1930 – August 30, 2022) was an American scientist,
1174:
The Last of NASA's Original Pilot Astronauts | SpringerLink
400:
268:
43:
1416:
Deke ! U.S. Manned Space From Mercury To the Shuttle
749:
The crew of the STS-51-B mission. Lind is at the far left
1412:
1046:. University of Utah Alumni Association. Archived from
640:
Lind served as backup pilot alongside backup commander
541:
class and the recent recipient of a master's degree in
1549:
At Home in Space: The Late Seventies into the Eighties
450:
and served four years on active duty with the Navy at
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missions. Lind was then assigned as backup pilot for
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1347:
1308:
1638:
Come Fly with Us: NASA's Payload Specialist Program
1445:
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American Association for the Advancement of Science
324:Lind was the payload commander on his only flight,
1679:Mission Specialist in 1998 and ultimately flew on
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1487:
1485:
656:planned when malfunctions developed in Skylab 3's
1733:. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1067:
1065:
1063:
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1057:
2328:Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal
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1663:was selected as the backup candidate for NASA's
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1871:NASA Astronaut Group 5, "The Original 19", 1966
1513:
1482:
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897:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1802:"Decorated Utah astronaut Don Lind dies at 92"
1552:. Springer New York. p. 137,138,219.220.
1171:
1074:"Utah astronaut recalls his role in moon walk"
1054:
481:
2189:List of United States Marine Corps astronauts
2009:
1855:
1578:
1576:
2194:List of United States Space Force astronauts
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1131:
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498:From 1964 to 1966, Lind worked at the NASA
347:
2283:Temple presidents and matrons (LDS Church)
2016:
2002:
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1172:Shayler, David J.; Burgess, Colin (2017).
1034:
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352:Lind was born May 18, 1930, and raised in
293:and attained the rank of commander in the
42:
2303:University of California, Berkeley alumni
1830:Don Lind's speech to Utah School Children
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1724:
1636:Croft, Melvin; Youskauskas, John (2019).
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1207:
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1201:
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387:, Lind volunteered to take high-altitude
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2179:List of astronauts by year of selection
1753:"Mormon Scholars Testify / Don L. Lind"
1629:
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1008:. Boy Scouts of America. Archived from
692:, in 1970, Lind "openly complained" to
335:completed 110 orbits before landing at
14:
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1800:Stefanich, Logan (September 3, 2022).
1727:"The Heavens Declare the Glory of God"
1519:
1494:Kennedy, J. Michael (April 29, 1985).
1263:
1198:
1997:
1843:
1522:"Bill Anders: A Love of Afterburners"
1119:from the original on February 1, 2015
1113:"Don L. Lind oral history transcript"
1088:
2318:20th-century American businesspeople
1470:from the original on January 8, 2017
1368:from the original on January 8, 2017
1329:from the original on January 8, 2017
1290:from the original on January 8, 2017
1232:from the original on January 8, 2017
1167:
1165:
1163:
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835:
644:and backup science pilot Lenoir for
1413:Slayton, D.K.; Cassutt, M. (1995).
24:
1671:'s duties in the aftermath of the
1617:. UPI. April 30, 1985. pp. 6B
1354:. Springer New York. p. 244.
1315:. Springer New York. p. 205.
1251:Thompson, Ronald (April 5, 1966).
1072:Moulton, Kristen (July 20, 2009).
397:University of California, Berkeley
368:, its highest rank. He received a
284:University of California, Berkeley
109:University of California, Berkeley
25:
2369:
2348:Latter Day Saints from California
1882:← NASA Astronaut Group 5 →
1823:
1667:in July 1985 and briefly assumed
1158:
983:from the original on May 18, 2021
880:Lind married Kathleen Maughan of
2358:Space Shuttle program astronauts
2278:21st-century American physicists
2230:
2218:
1583:Cassutt, Michael (August 2018).
1273:Inventing the American Astronaut
875:
832:, until his retirement in 1995.
720:Smithsonian Air and Space Museum
448:Naval Air Station Corpus Christi
187:
1793:
1767:
1745:
1731:October 1985 General Conference
1700:
1686:
1654:
1450:David, S.; Burgess, C. (2007).
1380:
1348:David, S.; Burgess, C. (2007).
1309:David, S.; Burgess, C. (2007).
1215:Skylab: America's Space Station
794:science mission, launched from
569:Along with geologist-astronaut
465:. He continued to serve in the
426:
1244:
1138:Leavitt, Melvin (April 1985).
995:
862:NASA Exceptional Service Medal
821:, California, on May 6, 1985.
734:
494:(left) as a Skylab rescue crew
476:
421:University of Alaska Fairbanks
27:American astronaut (1930–2022)
13:
1:
2338:Latter Day Saints from Alaska
2313:Utah State University faculty
2184:Astronaut ranks and positions
1611:"Astronaut makes it to space"
1390:. Astronautix. Archived from
1218:. Springer. p. 111,125.
941:
696:(then technical assistant to
658:Apollo Command/Service Module
409:Lawrence Radiation Laboratory
2323:United States Naval Aviators
2268:Military personnel from Utah
1520:Freeze, Di (April 1, 2007).
589:missions. Schmitt, Lind and
342:
7:
2343:Latter Day Saints from Utah
2308:University of Alaska alumni
2288:United States Navy officers
1835:Lind's Utah State biography
1707:Don L. Lind at scouting.org
1453:NASA's Scientist-Astronauts
1351:NASA's Scientist-Astronauts
1312:NASA's Scientist-Astronauts
1253:"19 New Spacemen Are Named"
929:
757:, Lind was reassigned as a
603:Apollo Applications Program
539:United States Naval Academy
526:", selected in April 1966.
500:Goddard Space Flight Center
482:Pre-astronaut and selection
467:United States Naval Reserve
413:high-energy nuclear physics
372:degree with high honors in
295:United States Naval Reserve
280:high-energy nuclear physics
10:
2374:
1755:. FairMormon. January 2010
1725:Lind, Don (October 1985).
1419:. Tom Doherty Associates.
860:. He was also awarded the
842:American Geophysical Union
738:
514:. Lind applied for NASA's
2353:Skylab program astronauts
2298:University of Utah alumni
2263:People from Midvale, Utah
2171:
2040:
1993:
1890:
1877:
1276:. Palgrave Macmillan US.
1257:The High Point Enterprise
1182:10.1007/978-3-319-51014-9
971:"Astronaut Bio: Don Lind"
852:. Lind was active in the
840:Lind was a member of the
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564:
537:(the salutatorian of his
516:third group of astronauts
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50:
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34:
2333:NASA civilian astronauts
1665:Teacher in Space Project
1589:. Chicago Review Press.
1140:"Mission Specialist One"
1003:"Astronauts and the BSA"
601:or projected long-range
599:canceled Apollo missions
436:Officer Candidate School
348:Early life and education
317:and would have flown on
274:. He graduated from the
1677:NASA Astronaut Group 17
866:NASA Space Flight Medal
856:and earned the rank of
605:lunar survey missions.
454:and aboard the carrier
1884:NASA Astronaut Group 6
1880:NASA Astronaut Group 4
1712:March 3, 2016, at the
976:. NASA. January 1987.
936:The Astronaut Monument
913:Portland Oregon Temple
909:Nauvoo Illinois Temple
819:Edwards Air Force Base
750:
682:Apollo Telescope Mount
632:
581:. He also served as a
543:electrical engineering
495:
337:Edwards Air Force Base
2027:NASA Astronaut Groups
1456:. Springer New York.
1270:Hersch, M.H. (2012).
1078:The Salt Lake Tribune
854:Boy Scouts of America
830:Utah State University
763:Space Shuttle orbiter
755:Space Shuttle program
748:
628:
585:on the Apollo 11 and
489:
440:Newport, Rhode Island
417:Geophysical Institute
366:Boy Scouts of America
2032:NASA Astronaut Corps
1212:Shayler, D. (2001).
796:Kennedy Space Center
698:Johnson Space Center
583:capsule communicator
512:interplanetary space
411:and earned a PhD in
1781:. September 2, 2022
1394:on October 22, 2016
1084:on August 21, 2009.
707:The Washington Post
595:Apollo Lunar Module
547:Stanford University
535:Bruce McCandless II
423:from 1975 to 1976.
370:Bachelor of Science
360:in 1948. He was an
166:NASA Group 5 (1966)
2293:Aviators from Utah
1546:Evans, B. (2011).
1044:U-News & Views
905:General Conference
759:mission specialist
751:
729:payload specialist
680:and worked on the
496:
433:United States Navy
407:scattering in the
378:University of Utah
358:Jordan High School
276:University of Utah
100:University of Utah
2206:
2205:
2202:
2201:
1669:Christa McAuliffe
1500:Los Angeles Times
1191:978-3-319-51012-5
1050:on June 29, 2011.
899:. He served as a
864:in 1974, and the
836:Awards and honors
702:Robert R. Gilruth
623:William B. Lenoir
524:Original Nineteen
299:Astronaut Group 5
254:
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213:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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1080:. Archived from
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767:Astronaut Office
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571:Harrison Schmitt
553:experience that
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183:Mission insignia
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1975:Jack Swigert
1970:Stuart Roosa
1920:Ronald Evans
1910:Charles Duke
1811:September 4,
1809:. Retrieved
1806:Deseret News
1805:
1795:
1785:September 4,
1783:. Retrieved
1778:
1769:
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1747:
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1730:
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1614:
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1563:. Retrieved
1548:
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1529:. Retrieved
1525:
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1503:. Retrieved
1499:
1472:. Retrieved
1452:
1432:December 11,
1430:. Retrieved
1415:
1408:
1396:. Retrieved
1392:the original
1382:
1370:. Retrieved
1350:
1343:
1331:. Retrieved
1311:
1304:
1292:. Retrieved
1272:
1265:
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1214:
1173:
1148:. Retrieved
1143:
1133:
1121:. Retrieved
1082:the original
1077:
1048:the original
1043:
1040:"Honor Roll"
1017:. Retrieved
1010:the original
997:
985:. Retrieved
917:
894:
879:
869:
839:
823:
813:
805:
786:
779:
752:
717:
705:
694:George Abbey
687:
670:
639:
633:
629:
612:
568:
555:Deke Slayton
528:
520:fourth group
497:
463:jet aircraft
457:
430:
427:Navy service
382:
351:
331:
323:
288:
256:
255:
234:
212:
125:Space career
124:
82:(2022-08-30)
65:May 18, 1930
29:
2258:2022 deaths
2253:1930 births
2237:Spaceflight
1945:Jack Lousma
1935:James Irwin
1905:Gerald Carr
1895:Vance Brand
1621:November 6,
1615:The Courier
1123:January 31,
920:Logan, Utah
886:James Irwin
882:Logan, Utah
858:Eagle Scout
735:Shuttle era
725:Chris Kraft
477:NASA career
446:in 1955 at
393:cosmic rays
362:Eagle Scout
289:Lind was a
88:Logan, Utah
18:Don L. Lind
2247:Categories
1980:Paul Weitz
1930:Fred Haise
1673:Challenger
1565:January 8,
1474:January 8,
1372:January 8,
1333:January 8,
1294:January 8,
1236:January 8,
942:References
924:Smithfield
901:missionary
870:Challenger
817:landed at
814:Challenger
792:Spacelab-3
559:Al Shepard
551:test pilot
490:Lind with
332:Challenger
199:April 1986
196:Retirement
61:1930-05-18
2225:Biography
1915:Joe Engle
1900:John Bull
1759:April 19,
1737:March 30,
1531:March 15,
1150:March 30,
826:astronomy
731:program.
718:When the
700:director
587:Apollo 12
575:Apollo 11
473:in 1969.
471:commander
452:San Diego
380:in 1953.
376:from the
364:with the
343:Biography
307:Apollo 12
303:Apollo 11
286:in 1964.
282:from the
272:astronaut
162:Selection
142:Commander
96:Education
1940:Don Lind
1710:Archived
1468:Archived
1366:Archived
1327:Archived
1288:Archived
1230:Archived
1117:Archived
987:April 4,
978:Archived
930:See also
872:flight.
812:Orbiter
800:Spacelab
788:STS-51-B
782:STS-51-B
775:Canadarm
771:payloads
753:For the
741:STS-51-B
666:Skylab B
662:Skylab 5
650:Skylab 4
646:Skylab 3
395:for the
330:Orbiter
326:STS-51-B
315:Skylab 4
311:Skylab 3
176:STS-51-B
172:Missions
157:7d 0h 8m
36:Don Lind
2211:Portals
2172:Related
1681:STS-118
1505:July 7,
1398:June 8,
1144:New Era
1019:June 6,
458:Hancock
419:of the
405:nucleon
374:physics
265:aviator
223:Physics
2041:Groups
1644:
1593:
1556:
1460:
1423:
1388:"Lind"
1358:
1319:
1280:
1222:
1188:
848:, and
844:, the
808:aurora
790:, the
609:Skylab
565:Apollo
267:, and
241:(1964)
239:
230:Thesis
219:Fields
90:, U.S.
71:, U.S.
1013:(PDF)
1006:(PDF)
981:(PDF)
974:(PDF)
545:from
531:sixth
502:as a
383:As a
1813:2022
1787:2022
1761:2020
1739:2011
1642:ISBN
1623:2013
1591:ISBN
1567:2017
1554:ISBN
1533:2015
1507:2020
1476:2017
1458:ISBN
1434:2017
1421:ISBN
1400:2017
1374:2017
1356:ISBN
1335:2017
1317:ISBN
1296:2017
1278:ISBN
1238:2017
1220:ISBN
1186:ISBN
1152:2011
1125:2015
1021:2017
989:2021
888:and
648:and
635:Lind
510:and
456:USS
401:pion
313:and
305:and
269:NASA
146:USNR
138:Rank
77:Died
51:Born
1178:doi
828:at
438:at
391:of
117:PhD
2249::
2163:24
2158:23
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2123:16
2118:15
2113:14
2108:13
2103:12
2098:11
2093:10
1804:.
1777:.
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1575:^
1524:.
1498:.
1484:^
1466:.
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113:MS
104:BS
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991:.
403:-
119:)
111:(
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102:(
63:)
59:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
