37:
302:. It can form swarms, dense aggregations of individuals, and these have been observed in shallow water over sandy bottoms, above patches of algae in reef areas and over algae on rocky shores. They also form swarms in sunlit patches of water among mangrove roots at the edge of lagoons in the Caribbean where they have reached densities of 90 copepods per ml (0.034 fl oz).
314:
in Belize. It was found that swarms only formed by day, with the individuals dispersing at night. Swarms were denser in June than in
January and consisted of adults and late-stage larvae. In nearby open water younger larvae predominated during the day and swarming did not take place. In a current of
315:
up to 2 cm (0.8 in), the swarm maintains its position, usually in a position where a beam of sunlight penetrates the canopy. There is an energy cost in maintaining the swarm in a particular location and each individual faces greater competition for food which makes the
319:
of this behaviour unclear. Swarming may provide greater breeding opportunities, reduce the chance of involuntary dispersal by the current and protect against predation. In fact, there are few planktivorous fish feeding on this copepod among the mangroves and the main
225:
Free-living copepods have translucent bodies divided into a broad head, a thorax bearing swimming legs and a narrow, limbless abdomen. They have a major articulated joint between the front and rear portions where the body flexes ventrally. Male
230:
are 0.6 to 0.79 mm (0.024 to 0.031 in) long, with females being slightly larger at 0.62 to 0.9 mm (0.024 to 0.035 in). A distinguishing feature for this species is the structure of the lens of the eye.
412:
812:
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is native to the Indo-Pacific region but has expanded its range into the
Atlantic. Its range includes Madagascar, the Gulf of Oman, the
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201:. It is native to the Indo-Pacific region but has spread to other parts of the world. It is a free-swimming
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Buskey, E. J. (1998). "Energetic costs of swarming behavior for the copepod
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in South Africa, Brazil, Colombia, Belize, the
Caribbean, Jamaica and the
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Razouls, C.; de Bovée, F.; Kouwenberg, J.; Desreumaux, N. (2014-03-25).
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500:"Population structure and swarm formation of the cyclopoid copepod
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Diversity and
Geographic Distribution of Marine Planktonic Copepods
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Buskey, E. (2003). "Behavioral adaptations of the cubozoan medusa
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294:, northern Chile and California. The Atlantic range includes the
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183:
78:
672:
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Ruppert, Edward E.; Fox, Richard, S.; Barnes, Robert D. (2004).
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The swarming behaviour of these copepods has been studied among
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58:
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Ambler, J.; Ferrari, F. D.; Fornshell, J. A. (1991).
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species found near the surface of the water. It was
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411:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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391:. Cengage Learning. pp. 669–671.
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569:
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274:, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, the
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389:Invertebrate Zoology, 7th edition
368:World Register of Marine Species
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530:
491:
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1:
885:Crustaceans described in 1913
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508:Journal of Plankton Research
354:Kouwenberg, Juliana (2013).
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7:
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485:10.1007/s00227-002-0938-y
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32:Scientific classification
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520:10.1093/plankt/13.6.1257
467:for feeding on copepod (
235:Distribution and habitat
213:by the Irish zoologist
555:10.1007/s002270050263
465:Tripedalia cystophora
334:Tripedalia cystophora
16:Species of crustacean
215:George Philip Farran
504:near mangrove cays"
284:Great Barrier Reef
867:
866:
681:Open Tree of Life
579:Dioithona oculata
571:Taxon identifiers
539:Dioithona oculata
502:Dioithona oculata
469:Dioithona oculata
435:Dioithona oculata
398:978-81-315-0104-7
358:Dioithona oculata
296:Cape of Good Hope
264:Strait of Malacca
246:, lagoons in the
240:Dioithona oculata
228:Dioithona oculata
179:Dioithona oculata
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141:Dioithona oculata
25:Dioithona oculata
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522:. Archived from
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260:Christmas Island
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360:(Farran, 1913)"
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256:Nicobar Islands
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211:Oithona oculata
207:first described
166:Oithona oculata
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123:D. oculata
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549:(3): 425–431.
543:Marine Biology
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526:on 2014-03-30.
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479:(2): 225–232.
473:Marine Biology
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317:adaptive value
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300:Gulf of Mexico
272:East China Sea
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437:Farran, 1913"
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330:box jellyfish
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312:red mangroves
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288:New Caledonia
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132:Binomial name
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524:the original
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444:. Retrieved
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371:. Retrieved
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328:of the tiny
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244:Persian Gulf
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169:Farran, 1913
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694:SeaLifeBase
471:) swarms".
221:Description
190:, a marine
880:Cyclopoida
874:Categories
446:2014-03-30
373:2014-03-30
341:References
268:Yellow Sea
248:Laccadives
203:epipelagic
199:Cyclopoida
188:crustacean
99:Oithonidae
89:Cyclopoida
69:Arthropoda
407:cite book
306:Behaviour
252:Rodrigues
217:in 1913.
186:of small
117:Species:
110:Dioithona
55:Kingdom:
49:Eukaryota
818:11061769
739:Q6555460
733:Wikidata
634:11272016
594:Q6556106
588:Wikidata
322:predator
158:Synonyms
95:Family:
79:Copepoda
65:Phylum:
59:Animalia
45:Domain:
844:1302781
805:5166650
621:2116689
324:is the
194:in the
192:copepod
184:species
151:, 1913)
105:Genus:
85:Order:
75:Class:
857:220942
792:340780
766:669047
712:346358
686:131541
673:346358
660:938105
647:667196
395:
326:medusa
290:, the
282:, the
278:, the
270:, the
266:, the
262:, the
254:, the
149:Farran
852:WoRMS
831:88812
813:IRMNG
779:4925C
707:WoRMS
699:28383
629:IRMNG
608:6CVGJ
364:WoRMS
196:order
182:is a
839:NCBI
826:ITIS
800:GBIF
761:BOLD
668:OBIS
655:NCBI
642:ITIS
616:GBIF
413:link
393:ISBN
787:EoL
774:CoL
748:AFD
603:CoL
551:doi
547:130
541:".
516:doi
481:doi
477:142
209:as
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512:13
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455:^
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421:^
409:}}
405:{{
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376:.
356:"
147:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
