83:
360:, now in a period of revitalisation, is generally considered one of two dialects, inland and coastal, constituting a single language. As with many native languages in Australia, the language was forbidden to be spoken but continuous guarded by a few speakers. Many Dharug children were often taught a few words to describe body parts and items of food. Children would hear the word “bingie” to describe their stomach around mealtime.
664:
to live in relative safety. This was a response to the administering authority failing to do anything about the situation where nighttime raids by heavily armed settlers and military on sleeping Dharug families were conducted with impugnity. The raids were intended to exterminate those Dharug who had not succumbed to disease and dispossession of their traditional food sources or to steal women and children to meet their needs.
307:
why descendants of the Dharug in
Australia are fair skinned people who do not adhere to the racist narrative of the dark skinned people being the only genuine aboriginal people in the Sydney region. The greater likelihood is that any dark skinned people claiming to be connected with the Sydney region, are from traditional country well outside of the Sydney area. (See “Eora”).
299:. The descendants of the Dharug people continue to revitalise their traditional link to the areas they have had a continuing and ongoing connection to in Sydney. Their lands stand as probably the only area in Australia where the traditional custodians have been excluded from the ongoing management of the land and cultural connections of their place.
585:
settlers. The farms made by the settlers were barriers to the river and to the food supply of the Dharug people, who were rightly upset by this invasion. The Dharug who crossed the farms to pick up corn were killed by the settlers, so they organized raids to burn the crops. The conflict scaled and in
663:
The council’s actions were predicated on a desire to rewrite the narrative of the area as the site of
Australia’s first concentration camp. The camp, named by Dharug protectors as “Blacks Town” was established as a monitored protected zone by concerned colonists and intended for the remaining Dahrug
363:
Various records of the language were recorded by
Europeans but these records are often confusing or misheard, giving rise to wrong thinking or clear mistakes in interpretation. The word “yura” - meaning people in Dharug has been misrecorded as eora. This term has been taken up by dark skinned people
306:
Most of the Dharug were either wiped out by the introduction of exotic diseases, such as smallpox, murdered in massacres or forced into integrated marriage with early colonists, where males transported primarily as convicts vastly outnumbered the females transported to
Australia. That is primarily
609:, where he was severely wounded and fled. His band was accused of killing four settlers and falsely accused of raping women. The government issued orders for his capture, dead or alive. He was killed by two settlers in 1802, and his head was severed, pickled and dispatched by King to
364:
who have moved to the Sydney region to represent themselves as the only true aboriginal people in the Sydney area, in keeping with a racist narrative consistent with the system of land council administration developed by the New South Wales
Parliament.
466:
who each tended to live in a certain geographic area. This area would also house descendant clans. Each clan typically included 50 to 100 people. According to James Kohen, the clans numbered 15, but more accurate records highlight 29 clans:
302:
The Dharug were the indigenous
Australians who first met the full force of the European invasion and as such were ruthlessly attacked and vilified by many, but not all, of the British colonists. They were not entirely eradicated.
659:
of the area. The council also passed a motion, opposed by some councillors, to begin a process to consider changing the name "Blacktown". An online petition was launched calling for the recognition of the Dharug people in 2012.
1371:
1404:
1363:
598:
forbade
Aboriginals to carry any weapons within two kilometres of a house or a town or to congregate in groups bigger than six. He also authorised settlers to establish
586:
1795 the government provided troops to protect the farms. The bodies of any Dharug killed were to be put in iron gibbets and hung from trees as a warning. In 1801,
1015:
2226:
1397:
1098:
2261:
1379:– website Our Black and White family. Lists different clan names from above, and says "Our language group is EORA". (Lists Wategora, among others.)
613:. To date Pemulwuy's head has not been returned and he has not had a proper burial. It is 'lost' in the British Museum in London. Pemulwuy's son,
2254:
1334:
2284:
2219:
1390:
631:, introduced in 1789 by the British, wiped out up to 90% of the population in some areas. They lived in the natural caves and overhangs in the
1300:
The
Australian race: its origin, languages, customs, place of landing in Australia and the routes by which it spread itself over the continent
1233:
2233:
2198:
1360:
2247:
714:, Boorooberongal Dharug clansman, whose daughter Maria Lock and son Colebee have a significant role in early assimilation history
720:, Boorooberongal Dharug landowner in colonial times and the first woman to have a registered marriage with an invading colonist
2240:
1247:
1219:
1194:
1058:
1004:
1072:
331:
1288:
967:
187:
2075:
1266:
1026:
375:
denoting any
Aboriginal person who kept up a traditional way of life, originally came from the Dharug language term
1154:
1128:
323:
222:
978:
643:
A strong centre of cultural attachment for the Dharug people has been the "Blacks Town" (at the modern suburb of
395:
292:
1150:"Organisation, language and initiation ceremonies of the aborigines of the south-east coast of New South Wales"
1432:
1235:
Aboriginal Tribes of
Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
1173:
1137:
399:
17:
671:, whose local government area covers Dharug land, caused controversy by rejecting requests to include an
996:
672:
403:
107:
1312:
679:
is the only Sydney local council that does not include an Acknowledgement of Country at its meetings.
1555:
1474:
1295:
1080:
390:
reckoned Dharug lands as encompassing 2,300 square miles (6,000 km), taking in the mouth of the
1096:(January 1898). "Initiation ceremonies of Australian tribes: Appendix Nguttan initiation ceremony".
655:
controlled at the time by a right wing block, decided to cease recognising the Dharug people as the
2289:
644:
415:
411:
117:
35:
1376:
295:
times, lived as skilled hunters in family groups or clans, scattered throughout all of modern-day
1145:
1119:
1093:
1068:
1050:
635:
of the Hawksbury region, although some did choose to make huts out of bark, sticks and branches.
407:
1413:
1182:
1205:
990:
426:
Traditionally, there was a cultural divide between the inland Dharug and the coastal Dharug,
288:
2157:
2119:
2102:
1338:
1211:
1022:
622:
606:
8:
2109:
2085:
372:
1382:
2164:
2140:
2133:
1969:
1320:
1259:"The Sydney Language Notebooks and responses to language contact in early colonial NSW"
1107:
986:
705:
656:
587:
2178:
2147:
2068:
1562:
1548:
1243:
1215:
1190:
1054:
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963:
652:
595:
327:
315:
1149:
1303:
1275:
1163:
959:
782:
699:
693:
578:
391:
271:
252:
240:
153:
1258:
2294:
2171:
2126:
2092:
1973:
1961:
1417:
1367:
953:
676:
668:
357:
351:
335:
244:
174:
127:
31:
1123:
1977:
1499:
1229:
949:
582:
387:
1279:
708:, only Australian Aboriginal woman known to have served in the First World War
30:
This article is about the Aboriginal Australian people. For the language, see
2278:
2043:
1981:
1653:
591:
236:
202:
189:
1187:
The Other Sydney: Communities, Identities and Inequalities in Western Sydney
902:
1905:
1877:
1758:
1632:
1464:
610:
594:
and shoot any Dharug on sight. The guerrilla was so effective that in 1816
435:
248:
434:, and their diet was primarily seafood, including fish and shellfish from
2008:
1898:
1849:
1751:
1688:
1520:
1313:""To infuse an universal terror": a reappraisal of the Coniston killings"
723:
688:
599:
232:
1204:
Petersen, Eskild; Chen, Lin Hwei; Schlagenhauf-Lawlor, Patricia (2017).
82:
1884:
1870:
1723:
1681:
1646:
1604:
1597:
1583:
717:
711:
439:
1335:"Hills Shire Council Acknowledgement of Country motion defeated again"
1111:
621:. He led a group for two decades, until he was captured and hanged in
2022:
1926:
1919:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1765:
1702:
1457:
1372:
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
1239:
1168:
648:
632:
339:
319:
93:
1492:
839:
2029:
1940:
1933:
1856:
1835:
1828:
1744:
1716:
1709:
1667:
1660:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1576:
1534:
1527:
1506:
628:
618:
476:
447:
311:
264:
1302:. Vol. 3. Melbourne: J. Ferres. pp. 358–359 – via
2036:
2015:
1954:
1912:
1891:
1863:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1737:
1730:
1674:
1639:
1541:
1513:
614:
548:
2050:
1947:
1203:
908:
756:
296:
170:
454:
and other land animals, and used stone axes more extensively.
1842:
1772:
1695:
1569:
1450:
574:
431:
1990:
1590:
463:
462:
The Dharug nation was divided up into a number of woodland
1412:
892:
890:
451:
34:. For the town whose name is derived from this name, see
805:
803:
801:
875:
379:, which denoted any person hailing from another tribe.
887:
651:
local government area. However, in September 2012 the
798:
702:, third Australian Aboriginal person to visit England
617:, raided farms until 1810. Another famous raider was
1361:
Bibliography of Dharug people and language resources
851:
815:
739:
Dharruk, Dharrook, Dhar'rook, Darrook, Dharug, Darug
442:
and their associated rivers. The inland Dharug were
1155:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales
1129:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales
992:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
827:
1310:
1099:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
1016:"Holroyd history and the Silent Boundary Project"
914:
863:
845:
602:and the creation of three new military outposts.
291:people, who share strong ties of kinship and, in
2276:
979:"A Liberal controlled City Council of Blacktown"
926:
1144:
1398:
909:Petersen, Chen & Schlagenhauf-Lawlor 2017
1185:. In Collins, Jock; Poynting, Scott (eds.).
1081:Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria
955:Aboriginal Australians: A History Since 1788
1405:
1391:
2199:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
1286:
1180:
1167:
881:
322:to the west on the western fringe of the
682:
1228:
1207:Infectious Diseases: A Geographic Guide
1118:
1092:
1067:
809:
781:Alternative spelling Toongagal, as per
744:
14:
2277:
1311:Wilson, Bill; O'Brien, Justin (2003).
1044:
948:
896:
857:
590:ordered troops to patrol farms on the
421:
2285:Aboriginal peoples of New South Wales
1386:
1289:"The Hawkesbury River and Broken Bay"
1013:
985:
869:
821:
638:
568:
1332:
1256:
1240:Australian National University Press
976:
932:
920:
833:
730:
1189:. Common Ground. pp. 151–180.
24:
1047:Australian words and their origins
696:, early twentieth century activist
581:area was claimed by more than 400
430:or "sea people". The latter built
345:
137:Inland Dharug & Coastal Dharug
25:
2306:
1468:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
1354:
1267:Australian Journal of Linguistics
1124:"Dharruk language and vocabulary"
1073:"Burbung of the Darkinung tribes"
726:, Australian rugby league player
314:to the north of Broken Bay, the
81:
1183:"Yooroang Gorang –Strong Place"
1148:; Everitt, Mary Martha (1900).
605:A group led by Pemulwuy made a
394:, and running inland as far as
1014:Flynn, Michael (August 1997).
977:Diaz, Jess (1 November 2012).
775:
398:. It took in the areas around
310:The Dharug are bounded by the
13:
1:
1333:Xiao, Alison (24 June 2020).
792:
446:or tool people. They hunted
27:Aboriginal Australian people
7:
750:
142:Area (approx. 6,000 sq. km)
10:
2311:
1425:Aboriginal language groups
1296:Curr, Edward Micklethwaite
997:Cambridge University Press
941:
673:Acknowledgement of Country
382:
349:
29:
2208:
2188:
2060:
2000:
1484:
1475:Western Bundjalung people
1442:
1424:
1280:10.1080/07268609208599474
846:Wilson & O'Brien 2003
607:daring raid on Parramatta
270:
263:
258:
228:
218:
181:
166:
146:
141:
133:
123:
113:
99:
92:
80:
50:
45:
1181:Mossfield, Tony (2000).
768:
457:
338:to the southeast in the
330:to the southwest in the
36:Dharruk, New South Wales
1230:Tindale, Norman Barnett
1051:Oxford University Press
371:, a pejorative word in
1689:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
1287:Tuckerman, J. (1887).
1257:Troy, Jakelin (1992).
1136:: 155–160 – via
318:to the northwest, the
87:Sydney Basin bioregion
2214:By state or territory
1433:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic
1212:John Wiley & Sons
1045:Hughes, Joan (1989).
683:Notable Dharug people
675:at its meetings. The
289:Aboriginal Australian
2061:Aboriginal languages
1023:Holroyd City Council
981:. Kalatas Australia.
1366:28 May 2015 at the
987:Dixon, Robert M. W.
848:, p. 63, n.26.
677:Hills Shire Council
669:Hills Shire Council
422:Social organisation
259:Notable individuals
199: /
2227:Northern Territory
1556:Western Bundjalung
1485:Aboriginal peoples
1443:Aboriginal nations
1321:Aboriginal History
706:Marion Leane Smith
657:traditional owners
639:Recent controversy
596:Governor Macquarie
569:History of contact
554:(26) Wallumattagal
544:(24) Birrabirragal
535:(21) Terramerragal
373:Australian dialect
332:Southern Highlands
203:33.583°S 150.583°E
2272:
2271:
2262:Western Australia
1619:Gidhabal/Githabul
1377:Dharug clan names
1249:978-0-708-10741-6
1221:978-1-119-08574-4
1196:978-1-863-35017-4
1060:978-0-195-53087-2
1006:978-0-521-47378-1
960:Allen & Unwin
731:Alternative names
653:City of Blacktown
623:Van Diemen's land
514:(14) Wandeandegal
487:(5) Burramattagal
277:
276:
16:(Redirected from
2302:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2201:
2194:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2151:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2113:
2112:(or Yuwaaliyaay)
2105:
2098:
2096:
2088:
2081:
2079:
2071:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2001:Aboriginal clans
1993:
1984:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
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1705:
1698:
1691:
1684:
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1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1626:Gringai/Guringay
1621:
1614:
1607:
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1593:
1586:
1579:
1572:
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1558:
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1544:
1537:
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1347:
1345:
1329:
1317:
1307:
1304:Internet Archive
1293:
1283:
1263:
1253:
1225:
1210:(2nd ed.).
1200:
1177:
1171:
1169:10.5962/p.359348
1141:
1115:
1089:
1077:
1064:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1031:
1025:. Archived from
1020:
1010:
982:
973:
936:
930:
924:
918:
912:
906:
900:
899:, p. 25-26.
894:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
786:
783:Parramatta River
779:
736:Broken Bay tribe
700:Daniel Moowattin
694:Anthony Fernando
611:Sir Joseph Banks
600:vigilante groups
579:Hawkesbury River
560:(28) Muruoradial
538:(22) Cammeraigal
484:(4) Buruberongal
392:Hawkesbury River
287:people, are an
272:Anthony Fernando
214:
213:
211:
210:
209:
208:-33.583; 150.583
204:
200:
197:
196:
195:
192:
154:Cumberland Plain
114:Language branch:
100:Language family
85:
75:Broken Bay tribe
53:
43:
42:
21:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2290:The Hills Shire
2275:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2267:
2260:
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2241:South Australia
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2232:
2225:
2220:New South Wales
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2184:
2177:
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2149:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2084:
2078:(or Bundjalung)
2077:
2074:
2067:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
1996:
1989:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
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1418:New South Wales
1411:
1368:Wayback Machine
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1343:
1341:
1315:
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1261:
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1222:
1197:
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1061:
1035:
1033:
1032:on 21 July 2008
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1007:
995:. Vol. 1.
970:
950:Broome, Richard
944:
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915:
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903:
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864:
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844:
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832:
828:
824:, p. xxxv.
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685:
641:
571:
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517:(15) Warrawarry
508:(12) Murringong
481:(3) Boolbainora
460:
424:
385:
358:Dharug language
354:
352:Dharug language
348:
346:Dharug language
207:
205:
201:
198:
193:
190:
188:
186:
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175:New South Wales
162:
134:Group dialects:
124:Language group:
88:
51:
39:
32:Dharug language
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1355:External links
1353:
1351:
1350:
1330:
1308:
1284:
1274:(1): 145–170.
1254:
1248:
1226:
1220:
1201:
1195:
1178:
1146:Mathews, R. H.
1142:
1120:Mathews, R. H.
1116:
1106:(157): 54–73.
1094:Mathews, R. H.
1090:
1069:Mathews, R. H.
1065:
1059:
1042:
1011:
1005:
983:
974:
969:978-1760528218
968:
945:
943:
940:
938:
937:
925:
913:
901:
886:
884:, p. 158.
882:Mossfield 2000
874:
862:
860:, p. 354.
850:
838:
836:, p. 145.
826:
814:
812:, p. 193.
796:
794:
791:
788:
787:
773:
772:
770:
767:
760:
759:
752:
749:
747:, p. 193
741:
740:
737:
732:
729:
728:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
691:
684:
681:
640:
637:
570:
567:
565:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
545:
542:
541:(23) Gorualgal
539:
536:
533:
530:
529:(19) Borogegal
527:
526:(18) Cannalgal
524:
521:
520:(16) Kurrajong
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
502:(10) Kurrajong
500:
499:(9) Gommerigal
497:
494:
493:(7) Cannemegal
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
473:
469:
459:
456:
436:Sydney Harbour
423:
420:
396:Mount Victoria
388:Norman Tindale
384:
381:
350:Main article:
347:
344:
324:Blue Mountains
275:
274:
268:
267:
261:
260:
256:
255:
230:
226:
225:
223:Blue Mountains
220:
216:
215:
183:
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163:
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160:
157:
150:
148:
144:
143:
139:
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135:
131:
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125:
121:
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115:
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105:
104:
103:
97:
96:
90:
89:
86:
78:
77:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2307:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2150:(or Dharawal)
2145:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:Wallumettagal
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1970:Wanggeriburra
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
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1613:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1472:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1423:
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1403:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1378:
1375:
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1362:
1359:
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1340:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1323:
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1314:
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1297:
1290:
1285:
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1277:
1273:
1269:
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1260:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1028:
1024:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1002:
998:
994:
993:
988:
984:
980:
975:
971:
965:
961:
957:
956:
951:
947:
946:
934:
929:
922:
917:
910:
905:
898:
893:
891:
883:
878:
871:
866:
859:
854:
847:
842:
835:
830:
823:
818:
811:
806:
804:
802:
797:
784:
778:
774:
766:
763:
758:
755:
754:
748:
746:
738:
735:
734:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
680:
678:
674:
670:
667:In 2020, the
665:
661:
658:
654:
650:
646:
636:
634:
630:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
597:
593:
592:Georges River
589:
588:Governor King
584:
580:
576:
563:(29) Kameygal
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
478:
474:
471:
470:
468:
465:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
380:
378:
374:
370:
365:
361:
359:
353:
343:
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337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
308:
304:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
273:
269:
266:
262:
257:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
231:
227:
224:
221:
217:
212:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
158:
155:
152:
151:
149:
145:
140:
136:
132:
129:
126:
122:
119:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
101:
98:
95:
91:
84:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
49:
46:Dharug people
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
18:Dharug people
1906:Wirraayaraay
1878:Wangaaypuwan
1759:Nhaawuparlku
1633:Gumbaynggirr
1342:. Retrieved
1325:
1319:
1299:
1271:
1265:
1234:
1206:
1186:
1172:– via
1159:
1153:
1133:
1127:
1103:
1097:
1085:
1079:
1046:
1034:. Retrieved
1027:the original
991:
954:
928:
923:, p. 5.
916:
911:, p. 5.
904:
877:
872:, p. 3.
865:
853:
841:
829:
817:
810:Tindale 1974
777:
764:
761:
745:Tindale 1974
742:
666:
662:
642:
627:
604:
573:By the late
572:
532:(20) Kayimai
523:(17) Carigal
511:(13) Tugagal
490:(6) Cabrogal
472:(1) Bediagal
461:
443:
427:
425:
400:Campbelltown
386:
376:
368:
366:
362:
355:
309:
305:
301:
293:pre-colonial
284:
280:
278:
182:Coordinates:
159:Sydney basin
108:Pama–Nyungan
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
40:
2158:Wemba Wemba
2120:Madhi Madhi
2110:Gamilaraay
2103:Dyirringany
2076:Bandjalang
2009:Cammeraygal
1899:Wemba-Wemba
1850:Yuwaalaraay
1752:Muthi Muthi
1521:Barranbinya
1416:peoples in
1162:: 262–281.
897:Broome 2019
858:Hughes 1989
724:Quincy Dodd
689:Jamal Idris
557:(27) Wangal
505:(11) Mulgoa
206: /
177:, Australia
2279:Categories
2234:Queensland
2127:Nganywyana
2086:Darkinjung
1974:Kombumerri
1885:Wanjiwalku
1871:Wandandian
1724:Malyangapa
1696:Kula/Kurnu
1682:Karenggapa
1647:Himberrong
1605:Gandangara
1598:Gamilaraay
1584:Djiringanj
1563:Darkinyung
1549:Bundjalung
1414:Aboriginal
1036:14 October
870:Flynn 1997
822:Dixon 2002
718:Maria Lock
712:Yarramundi
496:(8) Cattai
440:Botany Bay
334:, and the
328:Gandangara
316:Darkinjung
253:Parramatta
241:Hawkesbury
219:Mountains:
147:Bioregion:
118:Yuin–Kuric
2165:Wiradjuri
2148:Tharawal
2141:Ngunnawal
2134:Ngiyambaa
2095:(or Eora)
2023:Gorualgal
1978:Mununjali
1927:Wiradjuri
1920:Wilyakali
1822:Paaruntyi
1815:Paakantyi
1808:Ngunnawal
1801:Ngiyampaa
1766:Nari-Nari
1703:Kuringgai
1458:Kuringgai
1370:, at the
933:Xiao 2020
921:Diaz 2012
834:Troy 1992
793:Citations
649:Blacktown
647:) in the
633:sandstone
625:in 1823.
551:(Gadigal)
448:kangaroos
404:Liverpool
367:The word
340:Illawarra
320:Wiradjuri
245:Lane Cove
167:Location:
94:Hierarchy
2255:Victoria
2248:Tasmania
2193:See also
2179:Yugambeh
2069:Awabakal
2030:Jerrinja
1982:Tulgigin
1962:Yugambeh
1941:Wonnarua
1934:Wodiwodi
1857:Walbunja
1836:Tharawal
1829:Barindji
1745:Muruwari
1717:Kwiambal
1710:Kureinji
1668:Jukambal
1661:Jitajita
1612:Geawegal
1577:Djangadi
1535:Bigambul
1528:Bidjigal
1507:Awabakal
1364:Archived
1339:ABC News
1328:: 59–78.
1232:(1974).
1122:(1901).
1071:(1897).
989:(2002).
952:(2019).
785:article.
751:See also
743:Source:
629:Smallpox
619:Mosquito
477:Bidjigal
444:paiendra
428:katungal
336:Tharawal
312:Awabakal
265:Pemulwuy
194:150°35′E
63:Dharrook
2093:Dharug
2037:Ngambri
2016:Gadigal
1968:Clans:
1955:Yaygirr
1913:Wiyabal
1892:Weilwan
1864:Walgalu
1794:Ngarigo
1787:Ngarbal
1780:Ngambaa
1738:Milpulo
1731:Maraura
1675:Galibal
1640:Gweagal
1542:Birrbay
1500:Arakwal
1344:24 June
1298:(ed.).
1088:: 1–12.
942:Sources
645:Colebee
615:Tedbury
583:British
549:Cadigal
416:Windsor
412:Penrith
383:Country
237:Georges
229:Rivers:
191:33°35′S
71:Dharung
67:Darrook
59:Dharruk
2295:Sydney
2172:Worimi
2051:Wangal
1948:Worimi
1654:Jeithi
1514:Banbai
1493:Anēwan
1246:
1218:
1193:
1112:983694
1110:
1057:
1003:
966:
757:Wangal
577:, the
432:canoes
408:Camden
342:area.
326:, the
297:Sydney
281:Dharug
249:Nepean
171:Sydney
128:Dharug
1843:Thaua
1773:Ngaku
1570:Darug
1465:Murri
1451:Koori
1316:(PDF)
1294:. In
1292:(PDF)
1262:(PDF)
1108:JSTOR
1076:(PDF)
1030:(PDF)
1019:(PDF)
769:Notes
575:1790s
547:(25)
464:clans
458:Clans
377:mayal
369:myall
285:Darug
233:Cooks
55:Darug
1991:Yuin
1591:Eora
1346:2020
1244:ISBN
1216:ISBN
1191:ISBN
1055:ISBN
1038:2008
1001:ISBN
964:ISBN
475:(2)
452:emus
414:and
356:The
279:The
1276:doi
1174:BHL
1164:doi
1138:BHL
283:or
52:aka
2281::
1980:,
1976:,
1972:,
1337:.
1326:17
1324:.
1318:.
1272:12
1270:.
1264:.
1242:.
1238:.
1214:.
1160:34
1158:.
1152:.
1134:35
1132:.
1126:.
1104:37
1102:.
1086:10
1084:.
1078:.
1053:.
1049:.
1021:.
999:.
962:.
958:.
889:^
800:^
450:,
438:,
418:.
410:,
406:,
402:,
251:,
247:,
243:,
239:,
235:,
173:,
73:,
69:,
65:,
61:,
57:,
1406:e
1399:t
1392:v
1348:.
1306:.
1282:.
1278::
1252:.
1224:.
1199:.
1176:.
1166::
1140:.
1114:.
1063:.
1040:.
1009:.
972:.
935:.
156:,
38:.
20:)
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