527:
50:
499:, which they named "The Mutineer". The members of the IRA Army Executive were the political leaders of the garrison, but served as common soldiers under the command of O'Brien. The Anti-Treaty side fortified the Four Courts to some extent, planting mines around the complex and barricading the doors and windows, but their leadership ordered them not to fire first, in order to retain the moral high ground, and so the Free State troops were allowed to surround the Four Courts.
610:
621:, part of Parnell Square, York Street and some of other locations to try to distract Free State attention from their attack on the Four Courts. Not all the IRA units in the capital were prepared to fight against the new Irish government, however, and their numbers were probably about 500 throughout the city. Their numbers were supplemented by about 150 Citizen Army men and women who brought with them arms and ammunition dumped since the insurrection of Easter 1916.
468:
551:, a government supporter, later claimed that the explosion was the result of land mines, laid before the surrender, exploding afterwards. In contrast, a 2018 study by Michael Fewer found no evidence that the IRA had set off an explosion. This study suggests that the explosion originated from fires, caused by the Four Courts being shelled, which ultimately reached explosive materials stored in the PRO. Justice
667:
555:, writing about two hundred years of the Four Courts in 1996, observed that there was no evidence to hold the republican side responsible for the explosion, while academic John Regan asserted that a propaganda document produced during the Civil War, which laid responsibility for the explosion at the feet of the anti-treaty side, is not "credible evidence". A towering
515:, the anti-treaty IRA commander in Dublin, for the Four Courts garrison to surrender, as he could not reach their position to help them. O'Malley ruled this order invalid, as the Four Courts was a GHQ operation. However, in view of the rapidly deteriorating situation, at 3:30 p.m. on 30 June, O'Malley surrendered the Four Courts to Brig. Gen.
458:
No authoritative record exists regarding the order to commence bombardment—when it was issued, by whom, where, etc. Historians have tended to attribute the order to
Collins, but some biographers dispute this. Anti-Treaty survivors alleged that they were preparing for an 8:00 a.m. evacuation when
654:
and a rear guard of 15 men, who stayed behind in the Hammam Hotel after
Traynor and most other IRA men had left. At 5:00 p.m. on 5 July, when the fires made the hotel untenable, Brugha ordered his men to surrender. He, however, stayed behind, only to emerge from the building alone, armed with a
624:
The republicans occupied the northeastern part of O'Connell St., with their strong point at "the block", a group of buildings that the Anti-Treatyites had connected by tunneling through the walls. They had also taken over the adjoining
Gresham, Crown, Granville and Hammam hotels. Their only position
633:
The
Provisional Government troops, commanded by Gen. Tom Ennis, started by clearing out the outlying anti-treaty garrisons, which was accomplished by 1 July. They then drew a tighter cordon around O'Connell St. Artillery was used to drive the Anti-Treaty fighters out of positions on Parnell St. and
420:
In June 1922 the
Provisional Government engaged in intense negotiations with the British Cabinet over a draft Constitution that sought to avert the impending civil war. They particularly sought to remove the requirement of an oath to the British Crown by all members of the Dublin government, a key
506:
along with an offer to bomb the Four Courts from the air. Collins turned down the latter two offers because of the risk of causing heavy civilian casualties. On the 29th, Free State troops stormed the eastern wing of the Four Courts, losing three killed and 14 wounded and taking 33 prisoners. The
629:
building. Additionally, they had an outpost south of the Liffey at the Swan Pub on
Aungier St. Oscar Traynor apparently hoped to receive reinforcements from the rest of the country, but only Anti-Treaty units in Belfast and Tipperary replied and both of them arrived too late to take part in the
679:
When the fighting in Dublin died down, the Free State government was left firmly in control of the Irish capital and the anti-treaty forces dispersed around the country. Round-ups after the fighting resulted in more
Republican prisoners and the death of prominent anti-Treaty activist
436:, British pressure on the Provisional Government intensified. The British now threatened to invade and re-occupy all of Ireland. On 27 June the Provisional Government Cabinet agreed on an ultimatum to the Four Courts garrison to evacuate or face immediate military action.
413:. Collins, a chief IRA strategist during the War of Independence from Britain, had resisted giving open battle to the anti-Treaty militants since they had first occupied Four Courts the preceding April. His colleagues in the Provisional Government Cabinet, including
547:. Forty advancing Free State troops were badly injured. Assigning blame for the explosion remains controversial. It was alleged by the National Army Headquarters that the Anti-treaty forces deliberately booby-trapped the PRO to kill advancing Free State troops.
637:
The republican outpost in the YMCA was eliminated when Free State troops tunnelled underneath it and detonated a bomb. Traynor's men in "the block" held out until artillery was brought up, under the cover of armored cars, to bombard them at point-blank range.
662:
serviceman and 35 civilians) and over 280 wounded. In addition, the Free State took over 450 Republican prisoners. The high civilian casualties were doubtless the result of the use of heavy weapons, especially artillery, in a densely populated urban area.
543:(PRO) block located in the western block of the Four Courts, which had been used as an ammunition store by the Four Courts garrison, was the centre of a huge explosion, destroying Irish state records going back to the
655:
revolver. He was shot in the thigh by Free State troops and died later from blood loss. There were some further sporadic incidents of fighting around the city as Free State troops dispersed anti-treaty IRA groups.
642:
were also planted in the buildings. Traynor and most of his force (70 men and 30 women) made their escape when the buildings they were occupying caught fire. They mingled with civilian crowds and made their way to
487:. The garrison consisted of roughly 180 men drawn from the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the IRA's 1st Dublin Brigade, commanded by Commandant Paddy O'Brien, armed for the most part only with small arms (rifles, five
691:
Oscar
Traynor, Ernie O'Malley and the other anti-Treaty fighters who had escaped the fighting in Dublin regrouped in Blessington, around 30 km south-west of the city. An anti-Treaty IRA force from
617:
Despite the Free State force's success in taking the Four Courts, fighting continued in Dublin until 5 July. On the 29th anti-Treaty IRA units from the Dublin
Brigade led by Oscar Traynor had occupied
455:
from the Four Courts complex. After an ultimatum was delivered to the anti-Treaty garrison on the night of 27 June / early hours of 28 June, the
National Army commenced the bombardment of Four Courts.
559:
rose 200 feet (61 m) over the Four Courts. Calton Younger identified three explosions: "two beneath the Records Office at about 2.15 and another at the back of the building at about 5 o'clock".
405:
had been applying pressure on the Provisional Government to dislodge the rebels in the Four Courts, as they considered their presence a violation of the Treaty. Such pressure fell heaviest on
1752:
1776:
17:
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Cathal Brugha was the last casualty in the battle for Dublin, which had cost the lives of at least 80 people (15 anti-Treaty IRA Volunteers, 29 National Army soldiers, one British
359:
also became involved in the battle, having supported the anti-Treaty IRA in the O'Connell Street area. The fighting began with an assault by Provisional Government forces on the
511:
and O'Malley took over military command in the Four Courts. By this time the shelling had caused the Four Courts to catch fire. In addition, orders arrived from
245:
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point of contention with anti-Treaty partisans. However, the conservative British Cabinet refused to cooperate. The pro-treaty element of Sinn Féin won the
1760:
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2301:
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704:, but quickly abandoned them when faced with superior Free State forces. Most of the Republicans then retreated further south again to the so-called
1460:
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in Dublin, resulting in a tense stand-off. They wanted to spark a new armed confrontation with the British, which they hoped would bring down the
601:
is creating the website "Beyond 2022" to provide a "virtual recreation" of the PRO and its contents, in time for the centenary of the explosion.
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345:
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had arrived there but too late to participate in the Dublin fighting. Instead, this force headed south and took a string of towns, including
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1839:
502:
After the first day's bombardment proved ineffective, the British gave the Free State two more 18-pounder cannon and proffered 60-pounder
2134:
1602:
570:. By appealing to friends on the Free State side, several anti-Treaty leaders among the Four Courts garrison, notably Ernie O'Malley and
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At this stage in the battle troops on each side still had a sense of kinship with the other, as most of them had fought together in the
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republicans' armoured car, "The Mutineer", was disabled and abandoned by its crew. Early the next day O'Brien was injured by
296:
109:
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964:
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1967:
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1972:
1867:
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387:, unite the two factions of the IRA against their former common enemy and restart the fight to create an all-Ireland
727:, were later executed by the government in reprisal for the Anti-Treaty side's killing of TD (member of Parliament)
2059:
1688:
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1952:
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have assembled and published original documents from other sources to mitigate the loss. A consortium led by
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in London on 22 June 1922 and the arrest by Four Courts troops of Free State Army Deputy Chief of Staff Gen.
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Four of the Republican leaders captured in the Four Courts, Rory O'Connor, Liam Mellows, Joe McKelvey and
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Inside the building were 12 members of the Irish Republican Army Executive, including Chief-of-Staff
337:
1937:
1902:
1806:
1485:
3043:
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447:, three miles away. It is possible that some British special troops were also covertly loaned. Two
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Guests of the Edinburgh Hotel on O'Connell St. make their way from the hotel on 5 July 1922.
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Presenter: Mike Thomson (29 October 2012). "The British Gunner and the Irish Civil War".
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Gardiner St., which gave the Free State troops a clear field of fire down O'Connell St.
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Cathal Brugha, Anti-Treaty leader killed during the fighting on Dublin's O'Connell St.
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The destruction of irreplaceable historical record in the PRO explosion (and the 1921
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2003:
1982:
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409:, President of the Provisional Government Cabinet and effective head of the regular
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for use by the National Army, along with 200 shells from their store of 10,000 at
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Regan, J. M. (2016). "Kindling the Singing Flame". In O'Malley, Cormac (ed.).
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still had thousands of soldiers concentrated in Dublin, awaiting evacuation.
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2016:
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2008:
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building, and ended in a decisive victory for the Provisional Government.
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1977:
1882:
1872:
1648:
1632:
1515:
1277:
893:
697:
644:
552:
380:
360:
55:
417:, agreed that Collins must mount decisive military action against them.
2091:
1947:
1942:
1768:
516:
448:
444:
175:
27:
Week of street battles in Dublin in 1922, beginning the Irish Civil War
1342:
The Assassination of Michael Collins: What Happened at Béal na mBláth?
609:
2682:
2379:
713:
492:
440:
2112:
986:
451:
field guns were placed on Bridge St. and Winetavern St., across the
2266:
1203:
The Civil War in Dublin: The Fight for the Irish Capital, 1922–1924
709:
503:
467:
223:
1361:"The Irish Civil War 1922–23 -A Study of the Conventional Phase"
539:
Several hours before the surrender, at either 11:30 or 2:15 the
2919:
1582:
735:.) The street where Cathal Brugha was killed was later renamed
701:
666:
479:, Director of Engineering Rory O'Connor, Quartermaster General
325:
80:
1065:
523:
unit. Three of the republican garrison had died in the siege.
2521:
328:
from 28 June to 5 July 1922 that marked the beginning of the
933:
2859:
2786:
1053:
945:
626:
1107:
889:
780:
1047:
Modern Ireland and Revolution: Ernie O'Malley in Context
851:
1030:
Healy, TM (1928). "46 (A Sunburst and Clouds; 1922)".
827:
825:
1417:
1222:
The Shooting of Michael Collins: Murder or Accident?
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921:
919:
917:
812:
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797:
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530:
An explosion at the Four Courts during the bombings.
822:
18:Destruction of the Public Record Office of Ireland
2540:International Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures
914:
908:An Léigear 1922 / The Siege of 1922 (documentary)
807:
792:
761:
716:. This in turn was taken by the Free State in an
534:
3035:
574:, escaped from captivity to continue the fight.
1344:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
871:Provisional Government Cabinet proceedings 1922
965:"Remembering the past: The Four Courts attack"
708:, territory south-west of a line running from
218:At least 35 civilians killed, over 100 wounded
2128:
1403:
1190:"Casualties of the Irish Civil War in Dublin"
625:on the western side of the street was in the
462:
239:
1298:
1071:
951:
604:
471:The Four Courts, seen from its eastern side.
2914:Slovak Police training explosives incident
2135:
2121:
1410:
1396:
1135:. Dublin: Educational Company of Ireland.
1006:
1004:
246:
232:
1260:Green against Green – the Irish Civil War
1257:
939:
2751:Burning of the British Embassy in Dublin
1339:
831:
665:
608:
525:
466:
459:the bombardment began at 4:00 a.m.
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1059:
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14:
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1149:
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1032:Letters and Leaders of my Day (memoir)
910:. TG4 (Téiliflis na Gaeltachta). 2013.
857:
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801:
774:
58:ablaze during the battle, 30 June 1922
2142:
2116:
1391:
1358:
1044:
1029:
927:
733:Executions during the Irish Civil War
227:
1320:
1171:De Valera – Long Fellow, Long Shadow
439:Churchill offered a loan of British
253:
24:
2163:Timeline of the Troubles in Dublin
1973:Patrick McGrath (Irish republican)
650:Left behind was Republican leader
25:
3085:
2763:Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape
2677:Bombing of Dublin in World War II
2097:Provisional Irish Republican Army
1438:Irish Republican Army (1919–1922)
1419:Irish Republican Army (1922–1969)
379:as their spokesman, occupied the
2446:Richard Crosbie's balloon ascent
2060:Communist Party of Great Britain
845:British Cabinet proceedings 1922
48:
2984:Irish anti-immigration protests
2369:Georgian Architecture in Dublin
1077:
1038:
1023:
1011:Connell, J.E. (May–June 2022).
979:
957:
900:
428:Following the assassination of
352:(IRA) that opposed the Treaty.
3049:Battles of the Irish Civil War
2835:Dublin Millennium celebrations
2581:Irish International Exhibition
2102:Official Irish Republican Army
1573:Anti-Treaty Guerrilla Campaign
877:
863:
837:
535:Public Record Office explosion
13:
1:
2188:Streets and squares in Dublin
1501:Collaboration with the Abwehr
1188:Dorney, John (19 June 2012).
847:, Public Records Office, 1922
754:
366:
2811:Lansdowne Road football riot
2769:Dublin and Monaghan Bombings
2488:Dublin and Kingstown Railway
2410:Premiere of Handel's Messiah
2043:Cumann Poblachta na hÉireann
1521:Officials-Provisionals split
1262:. Gill & Macmillan Ltd.
1152:Michael Collins: A Biography
674:
595:Irish Manuscripts Commission
591:National Archives of Ireland
7:
2805:European Capital of Culture
2646:Burning of the Custom House
2516:Great Industrial Exhibition
2022:National Graves Association
1491:Irish republican legitimism
1258:Hopkinson, Michael (2004).
1019:. Vol. 30, no. 3.
989:. Courts Service of Ireland
742:
579:burning of the Custom House
483:and Director of Operations
371:On 14 April 1922 about 200
10:
3090:
2685:commemorations (est. 1954)
2665:Saint Patrick's Day parade
2522:Monto (Red Light District)
2494:Dublin Metropolitan Police
2339:Dublin gunpowder explosion
2198:List of songs about Dublin
2173:Local government in Dublin
1323:The Real chief, Liam Lynch
1123:
749:Irish Free State offensive
720:from July to August 1922.
541:Irish Public Record Office
495:) apart from one captured
463:Assault on the Four Courts
189:200 troops in Four Courts,
2827:
2793:Dublin Area Rapid Transit
2689:Liffey Descent canoe race
2573:
2325:
2259:
2234:Early Scandinavian Dublin
2206:
2193:Historical maps of Dublin
2150:
2079:
1991:
1838:
1601:
1555:
1529:
1425:
1306:. Dublin: Mercier Press.
605:O'Connell Street fighting
568:Irish War of Independence
338:Irish War of Independence
265:
217:
198:
183:
133:
103:
62:
47:
39:
34:
3054:History of County Dublin
2886:demonstrations (2008-15)
2787:GUBU (Malcolm MacArthur)
2600:Bachelor's Walk massacre
2239:History of Dublin to 795
1368:Younger, Calton (1968).
1282:The Civil War in Ireland
1169:Coogan, Tim Pat (1995).
1154:. Penguin Random House.
1150:Coogan, Tim Pat (1990).
589:to varying degrees. The
493:Lewis light machine guns
489:Thompson submachine guns
340:, it was fought between
2960:The Beast from the East
2902:Bank of Ireland robbery
2721:Eurovision Song Contest
2619:Dublin Postal Districts
2469:Irish Rebellion of 1803
2422:Wide Streets Commission
2292:Christ Church Cathedral
2012:(1922–26 & 1938–69)
1220:Feehan, John M (1981).
686:Skerries, County Dublin
332:. Six months after the
2775:Dublin Airport bombing
2333:Trinity College Dublin
2287:St Patrick's Cathedral
2183:Sheriff of Dublin City
2027:Comhairle na Poblachta
1486:Comhairle na dTeachtaí
1461:in relation to the IRA
1359:Walsh, Paul V (1998).
1340:Sigerson, S M (2013).
1131:Collins, M.E. (1993).
1013:"The Civil War Begins"
671:
614:
599:Trinity College Dublin
531:
472:
346:Provisional Government
206:Unknown number wounded
134:Commanders and leaders
120:Provisional Government
93:Provisional Government
2841:Crumlin-Drimnagh feud
2564:Dublin Castle scandal
2500:Dún Laoghaire Harbour
1201:Dorney, John (2017).
684:who was shot dead in
669:
612:
564:Irish Republican Army
529:
470:
350:Irish Republican Army
348:and a section of the
199:Casualties and losses
70:28 June – 5 July 1922
2558:Phoenix Park Murders
2386:Dublin election riot
2178:Lord Mayor of Dublin
2151:Timeline and general
2066:Wolfe Tone Societies
2056:Connolly Association
1568:Battle of Kilmallock
1547:IRA Southern Command
1542:IRA Northern Command
1239:Gillis, Liz (2012).
1062:, pp. 321, 326.
737:Cathal Brugha Street
583:Irish historiography
519:of the Free State's
423:elections on 16 June
275:Free State offensive
3016: /
2714:Contraceptive Train
2552:Dublin whiskey fire
2534:Dublin Fire Brigade
2528:Wellington Monument
2440:Kildare Street Club
2363:Dick's Coffee House
2345:Battle of Rathmines
2312:St. Michan's Church
2302:St. Audoen's Church
2224:Dublin slave market
2087:Republican Congress
1516:Haughey arms crisis
1370:Ireland's Civil War
1321:Ryan, Meda (2012).
1049:. pp. 115–116.
942:, pp. 120–121.
860:, pp. 109–110.
789:, pp. 258–259.
3020:53.3428°N 6.2661°W
2954:Dublin Tech Summit
2941:Hutch–Kinahan feud
2935:Occupy Dame Street
2923:City of Literature
2878:Dublin Port Tunnel
2702:RTÉ Studio bombing
2671:Pearse Street fire
2588:Irish Crown Jewels
2250:Battle of Clontarf
2168:Dublin Corporation
2158:Timeline of Dublin
2051:Córas na Poblachta
1918:Tomás Ó Dubhghaill
1820:Ruairí Ó Brádaigh
1457:Anglo-Irish Treaty
1372:. London: Muller.
1241:The Fall of Dublin
1116:, p. 106–109.
1074:, pp. 125–27.
873:, Dáil na hÉireann
672:
615:
532:
473:
391:. At the time the
385:Anglo-Irish Treaty
357:Irish Citizen Army
334:Anglo-Irish Treaty
211:At least 29 killed
204:At least 15 killed
114:Irish Citizen Army
3064:Conflicts in 1922
2999:
2998:
2972:COVID-19 pandemic
2816:Assassination of
2799:Hurricane Charley
2657:Assassination of
2606:Howth gun-running
2508:eureka moment at
2392:Drapier's Letters
2297:Rathborne Candles
2244:Kingdom of Dublin
2144:History of Dublin
2110:
2109:
2071:Clann na hÉireann
2047:
2039:
2031:
2013:
1938:Seán Mac Stíofáin
1903:Máirtín Ó Cadhain
1831:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1807:Ruairí Ó Brádaigh
1803:
1795:
1787:
1781:
1773:
1765:
1761:Willie McGuinness
1757:
1749:
1741:
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1709:
1701:
1693:
1685:
1677:
1669:
1661:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1629:
1623:
1615:
1588:Northern Campaign
1583:Sabotage Campaign
1443:British Partition
1379:978-0-8008-4240-6
1351:978-1-4937-8471-4
1332:978-1-85635-992-4
1325:. Mercier Press.
1313:978-1-85635-885-9
1304:The Singing Flame
1291:978-1-85371-013-1
1269:978-0-7171-5819-5
1250:978-1-85635-680-0
1231:978-0-946645-03-9
1224:. Cork: Mercier.
1212:978-1-78537-089-2
1205:. Merrion Press.
1194:theirishstory.com
1180:978-0-09-175030-5
1161:978-1-78475-326-9
1142:978-0-86167-305-6
1133:Ireland 1868–1966
987:"The Four Courts"
399:Winston Churchill
336:ended the recent
313:
312:
222:
221:
208:Over 450 captured
191:~500 more in city
99:
98:
16:(Redirected from
3081:
3074:July 1922 events
3069:June 1922 events
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3025:53.3428; -6.2661
3021:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
2866:May Day protests
2848:Special Olympics
2652:Battle of Dublin
2617:Introduction of
2474:Construction of
2428:Guinness Brewery
2376:Great South Wall
2307:St. Mary's Abbey
2229:Bridge of Dublin
2214:Steine of Dublin
2137:
2130:
2123:
2114:
2113:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2011:
1968:Éamonn O'Doherty
1963:Peadar O'Donnell
1893:Seamus O'Donovan
1858:Erskine Childers
1829:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1801:
1793:
1785:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1673:Mick Fitzpatrick
1667:
1659:
1651:
1643:
1635:
1627:
1621:
1613:
1563:Battle of Dublin
1537:IRA Army Council
1481:Munster Republic
1451:Southern Ireland
1447:Northern Ireland
1412:
1405:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1364:
1355:
1336:
1317:
1295:
1273:
1254:
1235:
1216:
1197:
1184:
1165:
1146:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1008:
999:
998:
996:
994:
983:
977:
976:
971:. Archived from
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
912:
911:
904:
898:
897:
881:
875:
874:
867:
861:
855:
849:
848:
841:
835:
829:
820:
814:
805:
799:
790:
784:
778:
772:
706:Munster Republic
694:County Tipperary
640:Incendiary bombs
619:O'Connell Street
585:; some had been
430:Sir Henry Wilson
375:militants, with
318:Battle of Dublin
260:
258:
248:
241:
234:
225:
224:
151:
64:
63:
52:
35:Battle of Dublin
32:
31:
21:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3044:1922 in Ireland
3034:
3033:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2854:Spire of Dublin
2846:Hosting of the
2823:
2818:Veronica Guerin
2801:flooding (1986)
2757:Dublin bombings
2719:Hosting of the
2696:Nelson's Pillar
2694:Destruction of
2659:Kevin O'Higgins
2624:Sinking of the
2594:Dublin Lock-out
2569:
2546:Dublin tramways
2476:Martello Towers
2357:The Brazen Head
2351:Siege of Dublin
2321:
2282:Gates of Dublin
2277:Donnybrook Fair
2255:
2202:
2146:
2141:
2111:
2106:
2075:
1987:
1928:Fergal O'Hanlon
1868:Richard Barrett
1863:Michael Carolan
1834:
1827:Cathal Goulding
1799:John Joe McGirl
1753:Patrick Fleming
1705:Seán Harrington
1603:Chiefs of Staff
1597:
1593:Border Campaign
1551:
1525:
1467:Irish Civil War
1421:
1416:
1386:
1380:
1352:
1333:
1314:
1300:O'Malley, Ernie
1292:
1270:
1251:
1232:
1213:
1181:
1162:
1143:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1043:
1039:
1028:
1024:
1017:History Ireland
1009:
1002:
992:
990:
985:
984:
980:
975:on 26 May 2011.
969:anphoblacht.com
963:
962:
958:
954:, pp. 116.
950:
946:
938:
934:
926:
915:
906:
905:
901:
883:
882:
878:
869:
868:
864:
856:
852:
843:
842:
838:
830:
823:
815:
808:
800:
793:
785:
781:
773:
762:
757:
745:
739:in his honour.
725:Richard Barrett
677:
660:Royal Air Force
607:
581:) has impaired
545:Norman conquest
537:
465:
415:Arthur Griffith
407:Michael Collins
403:British cabinet
373:Anti-Treaty IRA
369:
330:Irish Civil War
314:
309:
301:
292:Guerrilla Phase
261:
257:Irish Civil War
256:
254:
252:
212:
207:
205:
190:
178:
174:
172:Michael Collins
168:
147:
112:
110:Anti-Treaty IRA
84:
53:
42:Irish Civil War
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3087:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2987:
2986:(2022-to date)
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2946:Occupation of
2944:
2943:(2015-to date)
2938:
2932:
2926:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2884:Anti-austerity
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2814:
2808:
2802:
2796:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2622:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2472:
2466:
2460:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2434:Royal Exchange
2431:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2404:Hell Fire Club
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2117:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2053:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2006:
2004:Fianna Éireann
2001:
1999:Cumann na mBan
1995:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1983:Tarlach Ó hUid
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1878:Ernie O'Malley
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1737:Charlie Kerins
1734:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1624:
1616:
1607:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1578:Christmas Raid
1575:
1570:
1565:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1464:
1454:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1378:
1365:
1356:
1350:
1337:
1331:
1318:
1312:
1296:
1290:
1274:
1268:
1255:
1249:
1236:
1230:
1217:
1211:
1198:
1185:
1179:
1173:. Hutchinson.
1166:
1160:
1147:
1141:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1106:
1094:
1076:
1064:
1052:
1037:
1022:
1000:
978:
956:
944:
940:Hopkinson 2004
932:
913:
899:
876:
862:
850:
836:
821:
806:
791:
779:
759:
758:
756:
753:
752:
751:
744:
741:
676:
673:
606:
603:
557:mushroom cloud
536:
533:
485:Ernie O'Malley
464:
461:
434:J.J. O'Connell
389:Irish Republic
368:
365:
322:street battles
320:was a week of
311:
310:
308:
307:
300:
299:
294:
289:
284:
283:
282:
272:
266:
263:
262:
251:
250:
243:
236:
228:
220:
219:
215:
214:
209:
201:
200:
196:
195:
192:
186:
185:
181:
180:
169:
167:
166:
164:Ernie O'Malley
161:
158:
153:
139:
136:
135:
131:
130:
129:
128:
116:
106:
105:
101:
100:
97:
96:
90:
86:
85:
78:
76:
72:
71:
68:
60:
59:
45:
44:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3086:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3059:Urban warfare
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3032:
3029:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2929:Silicon Docks
2927:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2781:Stardust fire
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2634:Bloody Sunday
2632:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2612:Easter Rising
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:Theft of the
2585:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2524:(1860s-1950s)
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2482:Military Road
2480:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2459:(Early 1800s)
2458:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:Dublin Castle
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2251:
2248:
2246:(c. 853-1170)
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2133:
2131:
2126:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1933:Manus Canning
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1913:Dominic Behan
1911:
1909:
1908:Brendan Behan
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:Paddy McLogan
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1848:Cathal Brugha
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1840:Personalities
1837:
1828:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1778:
1777:Richard Burke
1775:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1689:Stephen Hayes
1687:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1663:
1658:
1657:Seán MacBride
1655:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1641:Andrew Cooney
1639:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:Plan Kathleen
1509:
1507:
1506:The Emergency
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1496:Abstentionism
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1381:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1115:
1110:
1104:, p. 57.
1103:
1098:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1073:
1072:O'Malley 1978
1068:
1061:
1056:
1048:
1041:
1033:
1026:
1018:
1014:
1007:
1005:
988:
982:
974:
970:
966:
960:
953:
952:O'Malley 1978
948:
941:
936:
929:
924:
922:
920:
918:
909:
903:
895:
891:
887:
880:
872:
866:
859:
854:
846:
840:
833:
832:Sigerson 2013
828:
826:
818:
813:
811:
803:
798:
796:
788:
783:
776:
771:
769:
767:
765:
760:
750:
747:
746:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
689:
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652:Cathal Brugha
648:
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513:Oscar Traynor
510:
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412:
411:National Army
408:
404:
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386:
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378:
377:Rory O'Connor
374:
364:
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177:
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170:
165:
162:
160:Paddy O'Brien
159:
157:
156:Oscar Traynor
154:
152:
150:
144:
143:Cathal Brugha
141:
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132:
127:
126:National Army
124:
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94:
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57:
51:
46:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3001:
2978:Dublin riots
2966:Coolock feud
2948:Apollo House
2908:M50 motorway
2872:Dublin riots
2828:Contemporary
2708:Dublin fires
2651:
2627:RMS Leinster
2625:
2510:Broom Bridge
2463:Dublin quays
2378:(1700s) and
2326:Early modern
2219:Hoggen Green
2207:Early Dublin
2017:Clan na Gael
1853:Liam Mellows
1814:Seán Cronin
1729:Hugh McAteer
1721:Eoin McNamee
1697:Pearse Kelly
1681:Seán Russell
1619:Joe McKelvey
1562:
1530:Organisation
1369:
1341:
1322:
1303:
1281:
1278:Neeson, Eoin
1259:
1240:
1221:
1202:
1193:
1170:
1151:
1132:
1109:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1067:
1060:Younger 1968
1055:
1046:
1040:
1031:
1025:
1016:
993:16 September
991:. Retrieved
981:
973:the original
968:
959:
947:
935:
907:
902:
885:
879:
870:
865:
853:
844:
839:
787:Younger 1968
782:
722:
690:
688:on 31 July.
682:Harry Boland
678:
657:
649:
636:
632:
623:
616:
576:
561:
538:
521:Dublin Guard
501:
497:armoured car
481:Liam Mellows
477:Joe McKelvey
474:
457:
453:River Liffey
438:
427:
419:
397:
393:British Army
370:
354:
317:
315:
269:
194:4,000 troops
148:
118:
104:Belligerents
40:Part of the
29:
3023: /
2990:Dublin riot
2974:(2020-2023)
2956:(est. 2017)
2931:(est. 2011)
2898:(est. 2009)
2896:Dublinbikes
2890:2008 floods
2843:(2000-2016)
2691:(est. 1960)
2667:(est. 1931)
2642:(est. 1920)
2640:Liffey Swim
2574:Late modern
2548:(1872-1959)
2536:(est. 1862)
2496:(1836-1925)
2457:Royal Canal
2453:Grand Canal
2442:(Est. 1782)
2430:(Est. 1759)
2424:(1758-1851)
2418:(1750-1823)
2416:Daly's Club
2406:(1735-1741)
2400:(1728-1916)
2365:(1698-1780)
2359:(Est. 1661)
2335:(Est. 1592)
2317:The Tholsel
2260:Middle Ages
2080:Derivatives
1978:Billy McKee
1883:Tom Maguire
1873:Hugh Corvin
1791:Seán Cronin
1784:Tony Magan
1745:Harry White
1713:Seán McCool
1649:Moss Twomey
1633:Frank Aiken
1626:Liam Lynch
1284:. Poolbeg.
1243:. Mercier.
1114:Dorney 2017
1102:Gillis 2012
1089:Beyond 2022
858:Neeson 1966
817:Feehan 1981
802:Coogan 1990
775:Dorney 2012
698:Enniscorthy
645:Blessington
572:Seán Lemass
566:during the
553:Ronan Keane
381:Four Courts
361:Four Courts
344:of the new
213:150 wounded
56:Four Courts
3038:Categories
3008:53°20′34″N
2506:Hamilton's
2092:Saor Uladh
1992:Associates
1953:Liam Kelly
1948:Joe McCann
1943:Joe Cahill
1923:Seán South
1898:Frank Ryan
1769:Tony Magan
1611:Liam Lynch
1475:Executions
928:Walsh 1998
755:References
729:Seán Hales
630:fighting.
587:calendared
517:Paddy Daly
449:18-pounder
445:Kilmainham
367:Background
342:the forces
297:Executions
280:Kilmallock
176:Paddy Daly
3011:6°15′58″W
2968:(2019-20)
2937:(2011-12)
2759:(1972-73)
2683:Bloomsday
2596:(1913-14)
2490:(1834-56)
2478:(1803-08)
2398:Linenhall
2380:Bull Wall
2046:(1936–37)
2035:Saor Éire
2030:(1929–31)
2009:Sinn Féin
1958:Tom Hales
1830:(1962–69)
1822:(1960–62)
1816:(1959–60)
1810:(1958–59)
1794:(1957–58)
1772:(1948–57)
1764:(1947–48)
1756:(1945–47)
1748:(1944–45)
1740:(1942–44)
1708:(1941–42)
1692:(1940–41)
1684:(1938–40)
1676:(1937–38)
1668:(1936–37)
1665:Tom Barry
1652:(1926–36)
1644:(1925–26)
1636:(1923–25)
1628:(1922–23)
1433:Genealogy
718:offensive
714:Waterford
675:Aftermath
549:Tim Healy
504:howitzers
441:artillery
179:Tom Ennis
2394:(1724-5)
2267:The Pale
1471:Timeline
1302:(1978).
1280:(1966).
1085:"Vision"
886:Document
743:See also
710:Limerick
509:shrapnel
491:and two
401:and the
305:Timeline
184:Strength
83:(mostly)
79:Central
75:Location
2465:(1800s)
2382:(1820s)
2371:(1700s)
1556:Attacks
1426:General
1124:Sources
894:Radio 4
731:. (See
287:Newport
149:†
95:victory
2992:(2023)
2980:(2021)
2962:(2018)
2950:(2017)
2925:(2010)
2920:UNESCO
2916:(2010)
2910:(2010)
2904:(2009)
2892:(2008)
2880:(2006)
2874:(2006)
2868:(2004)
2862:(2004)
2856:(2003)
2850:(2003)
2837:(2000)
2820:(1996)
2813:(1995)
2807:(1991)
2795:(1984)
2789:(1982)
2783:(1981)
2777:(1975)
2771:(1974)
2765:(1973)
2753:(1972)
2716:(1971)
2710:(1970)
2704:(1969)
2698:(1966)
2679:(1941)
2673:(1936)
2661:(1927)
2654:(1922)
2648:(1921)
2636:(1920)
2630:(1918)
2621:(1917)
2614:(1916)
2608:(1914)
2602:(1914)
2590:(1907)
2583:(1907)
2566:(1884)
2560:(1882)
2554:(1875)
2542:(1865)
2530:(1861)
2518:(1853)
2512:(1843)
2502:(1842)
2484:(1809)
2471:(1803)
2448:(1785)
2436:(1779)
2412:(1742)
2388:(1713)
2353:(1649)
2347:(1649)
2341:(1597)
2252:(1014)
2038:(1931)
1802:(1958)
1786:(1957)
1780:(1957)
1732:(1942)
1724:(1942)
1716:(1942)
1700:(1941)
1660:(1936)
1622:(1922)
1614:(1922)
1473:&
1449:&
1376:
1348:
1329:
1310:
1288:
1266:
1247:
1228:
1209:
1177:
1158:
1139:
702:Carlow
326:Dublin
270:Dublin
145:
89:Result
81:Dublin
2860:Luas
2745:1997
2741:1995
2737:1994
2733:1988
2729:1981
2725:1971
2455:and
2451:The
2374:The
1374:ISBN
1346:ISBN
1327:ISBN
1308:ISBN
1286:ISBN
1264:ISBN
1245:ISBN
1226:ISBN
1207:ISBN
1175:ISBN
1156:ISBN
1137:ISBN
995:2020
700:and
627:YMCA
593:and
355:The
316:The
67:Date
54:The
890:BBC
712:to
324:in
3040::
2743:,
2739:,
2735:,
2731:,
2727:,
1192:.
1087:.
1015:.
1003:^
967:.
916:^
892:.
888:.
824:^
809:^
794:^
763:^
647:.
425:.
2747:)
2723:(
2136:e
2129:t
2122:v
2062:)
2058:(
1477:)
1469:(
1463:)
1459:(
1453:)
1445:(
1411:e
1404:t
1397:v
1382:.
1363:.
1354:.
1335:.
1316:.
1294:.
1272:.
1253:.
1234:.
1215:.
1196:.
1183:.
1164:.
1145:.
1091:.
1034:.
997:.
930:.
896:.
834:.
819:.
804:.
777:.
247:e
240:t
233:v
20:)
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