794:
187:
952:
807:
497:), established a historical commission to estimate losses to public property alone that were inflicted on the city by German authorities. The commission estimated the losses to be at least $ 31.5 billion. Those estimates were later raised to $ 45 billion and in 2005, to $ 54.6 billion (all equated to 2004 dollars). The official estimates don't include immense losses of private property, which are of unknown value since almost all of the pre-war documents (such as insurance values of private collections) have also been destroyed, but are considered between double and triple the official estimates (which are based on documented losses only while for example, the National Library's list of pre-war property lost estimated to be 1% of its collection since Germans destroyed all archives too).
937:
259:, Warsaw was to be turned into a provincial German city of 130,000. Third Reich planners drafted precise drawings outlining a historic "Germanic" core where a select few landmarks would be saved, such as the Royal Castle which would serve as Hitler's state residence. The Plan, which was composed of 15 drawings and a miniature architectural model, was named after German army architect Friedrich Pabst who refined the concept of destroying a nation's morale and culture by destroying its physical and architectural manifestations. The design of the actual new German city over the site of Warsaw was devised by Hubert Gross. The aftermath of the failure of the Warsaw Uprising presented an opportunity for Hitler to begin to realize his pre-war conception.
880:
339:
435:
922:
964:
994:
458:
907:
394:
865:
820:
835:
979:
1036:
850:
122:
447:
385:. The security police and the SS segregated the deportees and decided their fate. Approximately 650,000 people passed through the PruszkĂłw camp in August, September, and October. Approximately 55,000 were sent to concentration camps, including 13,000 to Auschwitz. They included people from a variety of social classes, occupations, physical conditions, and ages. Evacuees ranged from infants only a few weeks old to the extremely elderly. In a few cases, these were also people of different ethnic backgrounds, including Jews living on "Aryan papers".
892:
1013:
506:
236:
2551:
3149:
514:
278:
25:
2285:
1708:
331:
793:
485:, and most of the city's historical monuments. Almost a million inhabitants lost all of their possessions. The exact losses of private and public property, including pieces of art, other cultural artifacts and scientific artifacts, is unknown but must be considered substantial since Warsaw and its inhabitants were the richest and wealthiest Poles in pre-war Poland. In 2004, the
806:
616:, acquired collections of 70,000 works (97,000 volumes), more than 2,000 manuscripts, 624 parchment diplomas, several thousand manuscripts, a collection of engravings, coins and 315 maps and atlases. Library collections also gathered numerous collections of art: a rich collection of militaria, miniatures, porcelain,
635:, Switzerland, in 1870 as "a refuge for historic memorabilia dishonored and plundered in the homeland" and for the promotion of Polish interests. The greater part of library's collections, originally 20,000 engravings, 92,000 books and 27,000 manuscripts, were deliberately destroyed by the Germans in 1944.
381:'s Train Repair Shops (ZakĆady Naprawcze Taboru Kolejowego) to house the evacuees expelled from Warsaw. In the course of the Warsaw Uprising and its suppression, the Germans deported approximately 550,000 of the city's residents and approximately 100,000 civilians from its outskirts, sending them to
591:
were lost. The PrzeĆșdziecki Estate
Library in 6 Foksal Street included 60,000 volumes and 500 manuscripts, a rich archive containing 800 parchment and paper documents, and a cartographic collection consisting of 350 maps, atlases and plans. In addition to 10,000 prints and drawings, there was an
642:
where specific books were deliberately targeted, the burning of those libraries was part of the general burning of a large part of the city of Warsaw. This resulted in the disappearance of many valuable old books and scrolls among about sixteen million volumes from
National Library, museums and
175:
German forces dedicated an unprecedented effort to razing the city, destroying 80â90% of Warsaw's buildings, including the vast majority of museums, art galleries, theaters, churches, parks, and historical buildings such as castles and palaces. They deliberately demolished, burned, or stole an
608:, 1456), valuable collection of miniatures and decorative art: textiles, porcelain, faience, glass, gold objects, military, etc. It burned down on September 25, 1939 as a result of severe aerial bombardment by the Germans (incendiary bombing). The surviving items sheltered in the neighbouring
574:
were shelled by German artillery and burned almost completely. Some of the books were preserved, thrown through windows by the library's staff. The surviving collection was later deliberately burned by the
Germans in October 1944 after collapse of the Uprising. About 26,000
1201:
799:
Warsaw during World War II: destroyed townhouses between Zielna (top) and MarszaĆkowska streets (bottom). In bottom right corner building MarszaĆkowska 156 on the corner with KrĂłlewskia street, also visible Bloch Palace at MarszaĆkowska 154. September
812:
Intersection of MarszaĆkowska Street and Aleje
Jerozolimskie Street in Warsaw during German occupation. Visible tramway #3 with a billboard "Kamea woda kwiatowa". Behind it ruins of destroyed in 1939 townhouse at MarszaĆkowska 98/al. Jerozolimskie 33
172:. However, by late 1944, with the war clearly lost, the Germans had abandoned their plans of colonizing the East. Thus, the destruction of Warsaw did not serve any military or colonial purpose; it was carried out solely as an act of reprisal.
183:, with it being noted that "Perhaps no city suffered more than Warsaw during World War II", with historian Alexandra Richie stating that "The destruction of Warsaw was unique even in the terrible history of the Second World War".
1209:
1933:
1818:
1953:
207:
The city must completely disappear from the surface of the earth and serve only as a transport station for the
Wehrmacht. No stone can remain standing. Every building must be razed to its foundation.
3181:
2045:
2013:
2067:
951:
624:. In 1939, about 50,000 items (about 30%) were destroyed in bombing. On September 8, 1944, the Germans set fire to both the Zamoyski Palace (Blue Palace) and the library building.
2197:
936:
1718:
1978:
897:
879:
2776:
1998:
1828:
1479:
1353:
2112:
2062:
176:
immense part of Warsaw's cultural heritage. After the war, extensive work was put into rebuilding the city according to pre-war plans and historical documents.
570:, created in 1844, was largely destroyed in 1944. The collection originally consisted of 250,000 items. During the Uprising, on September 5, 1944, the library's
2090:
2033:
2023:
993:
631:
deposited there for safekeeping. The collection of the
Rapperswil Library had been transported to Poland in 1927. The library and the museum were founded in
963:
2008:
906:
3186:
1898:
978:
2160:
819:
186:
3126:
2038:
3096:
2139:
1324:
540:
in Poland and one of the oldest and most important libraries in Europe (established in 1747), was burned down. Out of about 400,000 printed items,
2057:
985:
420:) the remaining buildings. According to German plans, after the war Warsaw was to be turned into nothing more than a military transit station.
1712:
2172:
1168:
1075:
1070:
551:
In the last phase of the Warsaw
Uprising and after its collapse, in September and October 1944, the three major private libraries in Warsaw (
1375:
2165:
1750:
408:
After the remaining population had been expelled, the
Germans began the destruction of the remnants of the city. Special groups of German
864:
3013:
1918:
154:
1429:
921:
3171:
2155:
1923:
1295:
89:
2816:
2534:
834:
3066:
61:
3101:
2855:
2127:
1853:
423:
By
January 1945, between 85% and 90% of the buildings had been completely destroyed; this includes up to 10% as a result of the
2358:
295:
42:
891:
3206:
3191:
2761:
2050:
1888:
68:
473:
Material losses were estimated at 10,455 buildings, 923 historical buildings (94%), 25 churches, 14 libraries including the
3031:
2828:
1988:
1490:
849:
3036:
2823:
2336:
1873:
1350:
528:
During the German suppression of the Warsaw
Uprising of 1944, around 70 to 80% of libraries were carefully burned by the
466:
2251:
1808:
1012:
1314:: O zniszczeniu i odbudowie miasta (A City Destroyed and Rebuilt), Warszawa 1969, Poland: "Interpress" Publishers, p.63
1039:
Section of Warsaw razed to the ground, photo c. 1950. Northwest view of the KrasiĆski Gardens and ĆwiÄtojerska Street.
75:
2601:
2378:
2117:
1798:
1615:
1235:
1151:
1000:
317:
108:
3076:
3046:
2273:
1843:
1743:
1395:
1267:
1043:
Warsaw was rebuilt between the 1950s and 1970s. Some landmarks were reconstructed as late as the 1980s. While the
57:
3201:
3136:
1364:
482:
434:
2677:
2591:
2479:
338:
3121:
3051:
1968:
1883:
1728:
299:
46:
627:
The Central Military Library, containing 350,000 books on the history of Poland, was destroyed, including the
563:, ceased to exist. Those libraries had already suffered in September 1939, when they were bombed and burned.
2717:
2559:
2134:
1661:
366:, Warsaw was kept under ceaseless barrage by Nazi artillery and air power for sixty-three days and nights by
343:
382:
2994:
612:
at Szczygla Street were burned in October 1944. The last of above mentioned libraries, the Library of the
2771:
2095:
2085:
1736:
1230:
Niels Gutschow, Barbarta Klain: Vernichtung und Utopie. Stadtplanung Warschau 1939 â 1945, Hamburg 1994,
367:
194:
2651:
1328:
457:
393:
3106:
2811:
2504:
1908:
1760:
2584:
1105:
2751:
2687:
2646:
2444:
2388:
2122:
913:
628:
424:
3176:
3056:
2913:
2908:
2865:
609:
431:, 25% during the Uprising, and 40% due to systematic German demolition of city after the uprising.
82:
1183:
164:. Warsaw had been selected for destruction and major reconstruction as part of the Nazis' planned
3116:
2989:
2974:
2954:
2781:
2363:
620:
and glass, natural collections, research tools etc., gathered mostly during the existence of the
474:
288:
35:
2898:
1372:
1004:
870:
2524:
2403:
2373:
2316:
2210:
1585:
W Rapperswilu Ćladami Ć»eromskiego i Prusa (In Rapperswil in the Footsteps of Ć»eromski and Prus)
613:
556:
428:
2474:
1607:
1600:
3196:
3041:
2934:
2835:
2744:
2343:
1723:
1155:
1065:
942:
450:
2796:
3131:
2999:
2840:
2806:
2739:
2722:
2692:
2494:
2459:
2353:
2266:
1437:
1060:
1035:
1018:
855:
653:
478:
401:
2682:
2579:
2550:
2454:
1250:(Memorial Book: Transports of Poles from Warsaw to Auschwitz Concentration Camp 1940â1944)
567:
552:
157:. The uprising infuriated German leaders, who decided to destroy the city in retaliation.
121:
8:
3021:
2944:
2631:
2574:
2281:
1292:
601:
494:
486:
2801:
2621:
2611:
1526:
2672:
2308:
1863:
825:
639:
3061:
2845:
2766:
2449:
533:
3111:
3026:
2903:
2606:
2368:
2348:
2298:
1772:
1643:
1611:
1231:
1147:
560:
359:
190:
3071:
2791:
2756:
2667:
2636:
1400:
The Strange Life of One of the Greatest European Libraries of the Eighteenth Century
490:
446:
2734:
2626:
2240:
1631:
1311:
1048:
1044:
621:
363:
355:
216:
198:
3152:
2727:
2712:
2616:
2484:
2434:
2418:
2408:
2331:
2321:
2259:
2215:
1602:
Burning books and leveling libraries: extremist violence and cultural destruction
1379:
1368:
1357:
1299:
840:
409:
351:
169:
150:
1758:
2959:
2850:
2529:
2489:
2326:
2105:
2028:
1085:
927:
537:
1587:(in Polish). Problemy: organ Towarzystwa Wiedzy Powszechnej. pp. 466â467.
1480:"O trzech Bibliotekach Ordynackich w Warszawie w 60. rocznicÄ ich zniszczenia"
3165:
2939:
2870:
2641:
2596:
2499:
2464:
2439:
2398:
2393:
2383:
2230:
2100:
1943:
1022:
970:
532:(burning detachments), whose mission was to burn Warsaw. In October 1944 the
505:
247:
On June 20, 1939, while Adolf Hitler was visiting an architectural bureau in
165:
130:
2979:
2886:
2514:
2220:
2177:
1647:
462:
180:
142:
587:, 50,000 note and theater manuscripts, and a large collection of maps and
235:
2929:
2509:
2469:
1080:
643:
palaces burnt indiscriminately by Germans in Poland during World War II.
584:
2969:
1403:
1271:
378:
248:
2891:
2519:
2235:
2225:
632:
576:
545:
302: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
256:
230:
161:
2860:
1361:
509:
Interior of the Zamoyski Estate Library in a building at ƻabia Street.
2949:
1838:
580:
571:
548:, only some 1,800 manuscripts and 30,000 printed materials survived.
519:
513:
129:(Burning Detachment) destroying Warsaw. Taken on Leszno street. 1944
277:
49: in this lead. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
24:
2786:
1144:
Inside a Gestapo Prison: The Letters of Krystyna Wituska, 1942â1944
2068:
List of buildings damaged or destroyed in the September 11 attacks
1954:
Damage to heritage sites in the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
1642:] (in Polish). Warszawa: "Interpress" Publishers. p. 56.
2964:
1764:
1558:
617:
3182:
Buildings and structures in Poland destroyed during World War II
1402:. FYI France (September 15 and October 15, 2005). Archived from
2289:
1707:
146:
2046:
Churches destroyed in the Great Fire of London and not rebuilt
1719:
Collection of civilian testimonies about destruction of Warsaw
330:
179:
The destruction of Warsaw was practically unparalleled in the
2984:
588:
193:
of Germany forces realizing Warsaw's destruction (drawing by
1583:
Gabriela Pauszer-Klonowska (1969). "year XXV, no 8 (281)".
709:
541:
1582:
1768:
524:, one of the books burned by the Germans in October 1944.
1349:
See the following pages on the official site of Warsaw:
1248:
Transporty PolakĂłw z Warszawy do KL Auschwitz 1940â1944
388:
212:
1051:
has been only partially restored to its former state.
412:
were dispatched throughout the city in order to burn (
2091:
Destruction of cultural heritage by the Islamic State
1169:"Straty ludzkie i materialne w Powstaniu Warszawskim"
2063:
Artworks lost or damaged in the September 11 attacks
2014:
Damage to heritage sites during the Russian invasion
1999:
Damage to heritage sites during the Syrian civil war
1819:
Artworks lost or damaged in the 2023 Congress attack
885:
German soldiers in front of a burning Ursus factory
583:, 80,000 early printed books, 100,000 drawings and
427:and following combat, up to 15% during the earlier
2198:Library damage in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
1934:Damage to heritage sites in 21st-century conflicts
1599:
1351:Raport o stratach wojennych Warszawy LISTOPAD 2004
566:An important collection of books belonging to the
3127:SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities
2777:Building of the Chancellery of the Prime Minister
251:, he noticed a project of a future German town â
3163:
2113:Landmarks destroyed or damaged by climate change
559:), including collections of priceless value to
1662:"How Warsaw Came Close to Never Being Rebuilt"
262:
2267:
2034:Demolished buildings and structures in London
1744:
1694:. Poland: Interpress Publishers. p. 328.
1597:
1553:
1551:
1166:
1133:, Warsaw, Interpress Publishers, 1969, p. 57.
1076:List of Polish cities damaged in World War II
1071:List of libraries damaged during World War II
224:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1389:
1387:
1199:
1979:Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites
1131:Warszawa â o zniszczeniu i odbudowie miasta
477:, 81 primary schools, 64 high schools, the
3187:Nazi war crimes during the Warsaw Uprising
2274:
2260:
2024:20th-century destruction of country houses
1909:Destruction of the Shrine of Husayn's Head
1751:
1737:
1689:
1630:
1548:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1430:"In the House under the Sign of the Kings"
555:, PrzeĆșdziecki Library and the Library of
219:, SS officers' conference, 17 October 1944
1508:
1418:
1384:
652:Estimated Warsaw city destruction during
318:Learn how and when to remove this message
267:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2856:Orthodox Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalene
2140:Tallest voluntarily demolished buildings
1899:Destruction of country houses, 1919â1923
1559:"The Polish National Museum (1870â1927)"
1343:
1034:
957:A German soldier sets fire to a building
512:
504:
456:
445:
433:
392:
337:
329:
234:
185:
120:
1854:Iconoclasm during the French Revolution
1452:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1193:
1167:Getter, Marek (AugustâSeptember 2004).
1047:has been thoroughly reconstructed, the
984:Polish soldier's grave before ruins on
646:
500:
3164:
1606:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
1393:
1240:
1146:, Wayne State University Press, 2006,
1110:The National WWII Museum | New Orleans
1030:
629:Library of Polish Museum in Rapperswil
3067:KoĆciuszko Infantry Division Memorial
2255:
1889:Destruction of Mosul Museum artifacts
1732:
1285:
1142:Krystyna Wituska, Irene Tomaszewski,
3102:Children's Memorial Health Institute
3097:Cardinal Stefan WyszyĆski University
1317:
1253:
1129:Source: (Polish) Adolf Ciborowski,
389:Looting and destruction of buildings
300:adding citations to reliable sources
271:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1874:Disappeared statues in Tehran, 2010
1692:Warsaw A City Destroyed and Rebuilt
1200:Mix, Andreas (September 26, 2009).
1136:
969:Aerial photograph of the destroyed
13:
1809:Bangabandhu Memorial Museum attack
1527:"Biblioteka Ordynacji KrasiĆskich"
1396:"The Zaluski Collection in Warsaw"
1160:
168:of Central Europe, under the Nazi
14:
3218:
2379:Bombing of Warsaw in World War II
1700:
1325:"Warszawa szacuje straty wojenne"
362:. In response, under orders from
3172:Destruction of cultural heritage
3148:
3147:
2549:
2283:
2009:Demolition of monuments to Lenin
1919:Destruction of Albanian heritage
1844:Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum
1706:
1636:O zniszczeniu i odbudowie miasta
1011:
992:
977:
962:
950:
935:
920:
912:Statue of Jesus Christ from the
905:
890:
878:
863:
848:
833:
818:
805:
792:
276:
23:
3137:Warsaw University of Technology
1924:Destruction of Serbian heritage
1682:
1654:
1624:
1591:
1576:
1304:
1202:"Eine Germanisierungsphantasie"
945:demolished by German tank shell
606:House altar of Sophia Jagiellon
483:Warsaw University of Technology
377:, or Dulag) was constructed in
373:In 1944, a large transit camp (
287:needs additional citations for
34:needs additional citations for
3122:SGH Warsaw School of Economics
3052:Warsaw Ghetto boundary markers
2039:Churches in the City of London
1829:Monuments removed in 2020â2022
1224:
1123:
1098:
701:Historical monument buildings
358:on August 1, 1944, as part of
1:
2762:Palace of Culture and Science
2135:Stolen and missing Moon rocks
2051:Public art formerly in London
1724:Capturing the Ruins of Warsaw
1713:Planned destruction of Warsaw
1091:
828:, hit by a 2-ton mortar shell
598:Portrait of John III Sobieski
594:Portrait of Casimir Jagiellon
243:("New German city of Warsaw")
149:in late 1944, after the 1944
3207:Geographic history of Warsaw
3032:Nicolaus Copernicus Monument
2995:University of Warsaw Library
2480:Leopold StanisĆaw Kronenberg
1839:Destruction of the Four Olds
1640:A City Destroyed and Rebuilt
778:
770:
762:
754:
746:
738:
730:
722:
714:
703:
695:
687:
679:
671:
669:Roadway and railway bridges
453:destroyed, Warsaw, 1945 view
334:Warsaw Uprising, August 1944
253:Neue deutsche Stadt Warschau
241:Neue deutsche Stadt Warschau
7:
3037:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
1489:(in Polish). Archived from
1327:(in Polish). Archived from
1054:
744:Trees in parks and gardens
467:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
368:Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
263:Warsaw Uprising's aftermath
195:Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
10:
3223:
3107:Chopin University of Music
2505:Jewish Combat Organization
1690:Ciborowski, Adolf (1969).
785:
228:
225:Prewar plan of destruction
16:1944 Nazi razing of Warsaw
3145:
3089:
3012:
2922:
2879:
2708:
2701:
2660:
2567:
2558:
2547:
2445:Sigismund Augustus Bridge
2427:
2389:Warsaw concentration camp
2307:
2297:
2206:
2190:
2166:Works by Vincent van Gogh
2148:
2078:
1788:
1779:
1362:Straty Warszawy w albumie
1298:December 3, 2005, at the
400:preparing to blow up the
3192:GermanyâPoland relations
3057:Warsaw Uprising Monument
3047:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
2914:10th-Anniversary Stadium
2866:Palace of the Four Winds
2824:St. John's Archcathedral
2118:Museums destroyed by war
1293:"For over two months..."
438:German demolition unit (
2975:Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4
2955:InterContinental Warsaw
2812:St. Florian's Cathedral
2782:Sejm and Senate Complex
2678:ĆlÄ
sko-DÄ
browski Bridge
2585:Krakowskie PrzedmieĆcie
1969:Looting in World War II
1373:Straty wojenne Warszawy
596:from the 15th century,
592:extensive art gallery (
425:September 1939 campaign
160:The razing of the city
58:"Destruction of Warsaw"
3202:Warsaw in World War II
3090:Education and research
2525:Coat of arms of Warsaw
2404:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2317:Warsaw Uprising (1794)
2211:Archaeological looting
1884:Archaeological looting
1598:Rebecca Knuth (2006).
1563:www.muzeum-polskie.org
1268:"Warsaw Uprising: FAQ"
1106:"Liberation of Warsaw"
1040:
614:Zamoyski Family Entail
557:Zamoyski Family Entail
525:
510:
470:
454:
443:
442:) led by major Sarnow.
429:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
405:
347:
335:
268:Expulsion of civilians
244:
209:
202:
134:
2414:Destruction of Warsaw
2344:Warsaw-Vienna Railway
2156:Art theft and looting
1964:Destruction of Warsaw
1189:on December 17, 2013.
1066:Destruction of Kalisz
1038:
693:Healthcare buildings
677:Theatres and cinemas
516:
508:
460:
449:
437:
396:
344:Old Town Market Place
341:
333:
238:
205:
189:
162:had long been planned
139:destruction of Warsaw
124:
3132:University of Warsaw
3000:Praga Koneser Center
2841:Visitationist Church
2807:Warsaw Water Filters
2693:Siekierkowski Bridge
2688:ĆwiÄtokrzyski Bridge
2495:Mordechai Anielewicz
1715:at Wikimedia Commons
1331:on February 27, 2021
1212:on 23 September 2015
1182:: 71. Archived from
1156:Google Print, p.xxii
1061:Chronicles of Terror
1005:MarszaĆkowska Street
900:, destroyed in 1944.
871:MarszaĆkowska Street
647:Scope of destruction
501:Burning of libraries
479:University of Warsaw
354:was launched by the
296:improve this article
43:improve this article
2772:Presidential Palace
2627:Plac ƻelaznej Bramy
2475:StanisĆaw Moniuszko
2096:Destroyed libraries
1989:Destroyed landmarks
1440:on February 4, 2012
1406:on December 9, 2013
1031:Warsaw's rebuilding
826:Prudential Building
720:Tram rolling stock
657:
602:Schleissheim Palace
495:President of Poland
487:President of Warsaw
451:Royal Castle Square
255:. According to the
2797:JabĆonowski Palace
2673:Poniatowski Bridge
2309:Timeline of Warsaw
2161:Restitution claims
2123:Napoleonic looting
2086:Attacks on museums
1864:Bombing of Dresden
1799:Destruction of art
1428:Lech Chmielewski.
1378:2021-03-11 at the
1367:2021-02-25 at the
1356:2018-07-17 at the
1310:Source: (Polish):
1291:Peter K. Gessner,
1041:
943:Sigismund's Column
651:
640:Nazi book burnings
526:
511:
471:
455:
444:
406:
404:, 8 September 1944
383:Dulag 121 PruszkĂłw
348:
336:
245:
203:
135:
3159:
3158:
3112:College of Europe
3085:
3084:
3027:Mermaid of Warsaw
3008:
3007:
2904:Kazanowski Palace
2752:Holy Cross Church
2683:Ćrednicowy Bridge
2607:Grzybowski Square
2545:
2544:
2455:KrasiĆski Library
2349:November Uprising
2299:History of Warsaw
2249:
2248:
2186:
2185:
1773:cultural heritage
1711:Media related to
1632:Ciborowski, Adolf
1496:on March 30, 2012
1434:Welcome to Warsaw
1001:First Polish Army
914:Holy Cross Church
898:St. Mary's Church
858:reduced to rubble
843:marketplace, 1945
783:
782:
776:Roadways surface
654:German occupation
568:KrasiĆski Library
553:KrasiĆski Library
517:The 12th-century
360:Operation Tempest
328:
327:
320:
191:Command hierarchy
155:Polish resistance
119:
118:
111:
93:
3214:
3151:
3150:
3022:Zygmunt's Column
2935:ChaĆubiĆskiego 8
2802:KrasiĆski Palace
2706:
2705:
2622:KrasiĆski Square
2612:PiĆsudski Square
2565:
2564:
2553:
2428:Related articles
2364:Battle of Warsaw
2305:
2304:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2253:
2252:
2241:Vandalism of art
1786:
1785:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1710:
1695:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1605:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1555:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1531:
1523:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1495:
1484:
1478:Konrad Ajewski.
1475:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1436:. Archived from
1425:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1391:
1382:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1321:
1315:
1312:Adolf Ciborowski
1308:
1302:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1270:. Archived from
1264:
1251:
1246:KsiÄga PamiÄci,
1244:
1238:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1208:. Archived from
1206:Berliner Zeitung
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1173:
1164:
1158:
1140:
1134:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1102:
1015:
996:
981:
966:
954:
939:
924:
909:
894:
882:
867:
852:
837:
822:
809:
796:
658:
650:
622:Zamoyski Academy
475:National Library
416:) and demolish (
410:combat engineers
364:Heinrich Himmler
356:Polish Home Army
323:
316:
312:
309:
303:
280:
272:
249:WĂŒrzburg am Main
220:
217:Heinrich Himmler
199:Nuremberg Trials
181:Second World War
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3177:Generalplan Ost
3162:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3141:
3117:Curie Institute
3081:
3062:MaĆy Powstaniec
3004:
2918:
2909:Great Synagogue
2875:
2846:NoĆŒyk Synagogue
2767:Ćazienki Palace
2735:Warsaw New Town
2713:Warsaw Old Town
2697:
2656:
2617:Plac Zbawiciela
2554:
2541:
2485:William Lindley
2460:Frédéric Chopin
2450:ZaĆuski Library
2435:Duke of Masovia
2423:
2419:Three-Year Plan
2409:Warsaw Uprising
2374:Siege of Warsaw
2359:Interwar period
2332:Duchy of Warsaw
2322:Battle of Praga
2301:
2293:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2250:
2245:
2216:Art destruction
2202:
2182:
2144:
2074:
2020:United Kingdom
1781:
1775:
1757:
1703:
1698:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1670:
1668:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1596:
1592:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1557:
1556:
1549:
1539:
1537:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1509:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1482:
1476:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1426:
1419:
1409:
1407:
1392:
1385:
1380:Wayback Machine
1369:Wayback Machine
1358:Wayback Machine
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1309:
1305:
1300:Wayback Machine
1290:
1286:
1277:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1254:
1245:
1241:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1141:
1137:
1128:
1124:
1115:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1057:
1033:
1026:
1016:
1007:
997:
988:
982:
973:
967:
958:
955:
946:
940:
931:
925:
916:
910:
901:
895:
886:
883:
874:
868:
859:
853:
844:
841:Warsaw Old Town
838:
829:
823:
814:
810:
801:
797:
788:
712:infrastructure
649:
638:Unlike earlier
534:ZaĆuski Library
503:
461:Remains of the
418:Sprengkommandos
391:
375:Durchgangslager
352:Warsaw Uprising
346:in January 1945
324:
313:
307:
304:
293:
281:
270:
265:
233:
227:
222:
211:
197:during 1945â46
170:Generalplan Ost
151:Warsaw Uprising
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3220:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3157:
3156:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2851:Staszic Palace
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2792:WilanĂłw Palace
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2757:UjazdĂłw Castle
2754:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2737:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2709:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2668:GdaĆski Bridge
2664:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2637:Ćazienki Route
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2571:
2569:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2535:District flags
2530:Flag of Warsaw
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2490:Janusz Korczak
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2329:
2327:Warsaw Citadel
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2302:
2295:
2294:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2106:Body snatching
2098:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2029:Baedeker Blitz
2026:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1792:
1790:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1702:
1701:External links
1699:
1697:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1653:
1623:
1616:
1590:
1575:
1547:
1507:
1451:
1417:
1383:
1342:
1316:
1303:
1284:
1252:
1239:
1223:
1192:
1159:
1135:
1122:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1086:Scorched earth
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1017:
1010:
1008:
999:Parade of the
998:
991:
989:
983:
976:
974:
968:
961:
959:
956:
949:
947:
941:
934:
932:
926:
919:
917:
911:
904:
902:
896:
889:
887:
884:
877:
875:
869:
862:
860:
854:
847:
845:
839:
832:
830:
824:
817:
815:
811:
804:
802:
798:
791:
787:
784:
781:
780:
777:
773:
772:
769:
765:
764:
761:
757:
756:
753:
749:
748:
745:
741:
740:
737:
733:
732:
729:
725:
724:
721:
717:
716:
713:
706:
705:
702:
698:
697:
694:
690:
689:
686:
682:
681:
678:
674:
673:
670:
666:
665:
662:
648:
645:
610:tenement house
561:Polish culture
538:public library
530:Brandkommandos
502:
499:
491:Lech KaczyĆski
440:Sprengkommando
414:Brandkommandos
398:Sprengkommando
390:
387:
326:
325:
284:
282:
275:
269:
266:
264:
261:
229:Main article:
226:
223:
204:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3219:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3154:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3042:Chopin Statue
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:Supreme Court
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:Jesuit Church
2834:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2745:Castle Square
2743:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:Wilson Square
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:ĆwiÄtokrzyska
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:MarszaĆkowska
2590:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2552:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:Marek Edelman
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2465:Piotr Wysocki
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2440:Warsaw Lyceum
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Umschlagplatz
2397:
2395:
2394:Warsaw Ghetto
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Pawiak prison
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:Warsaw pogrom
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2277:
2272:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2231:Lost artworks
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2101:Grave robbery
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2058:United States
2056:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1975:Saudi Arabia
1974:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1944:Benin Bronzes
1942:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1693:
1688:
1687:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1619:
1617:0-275-99007-9
1613:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1594:
1586:
1579:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1552:
1535:
1534:www.bn.org.pl
1528:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1500:September 11,
1492:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1422:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1390:
1388:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1274:on 2018-09-29
1273:
1269:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1236:3-88506-223-2
1233:
1227:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1153:
1152:0-8143-3294-3
1149:
1145:
1139:
1132:
1126:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1097:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1037:
1024:
1023:Vistula River
1020:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1002:
995:
990:
987:
986:Wyjazd Street
980:
975:
972:
971:Warsaw Ghetto
965:
960:
953:
948:
944:
938:
933:
929:
923:
918:
915:
908:
903:
899:
893:
888:
881:
876:
872:
866:
861:
857:
851:
846:
842:
836:
831:
827:
821:
816:
808:
803:
795:
790:
789:
775:
774:
768:Water supply
767:
766:
759:
758:
751:
750:
743:
742:
735:
734:
727:
726:
719:
718:
711:
708:
707:
700:
699:
692:
691:
684:
683:
676:
675:
668:
667:
663:
660:
659:
655:
644:
641:
636:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
586:
582:
578:
573:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
536:, the oldest
535:
531:
523:
521:
515:
507:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
468:
464:
459:
452:
448:
441:
436:
432:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
403:
399:
395:
386:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
345:
342:Ruins of the
340:
332:
322:
319:
311:
301:
297:
291:
290:
285:This section
283:
279:
274:
273:
260:
258:
254:
250:
242:
237:
232:
221:
218:
214:
208:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
182:
177:
173:
171:
167:
166:Germanization
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
145:'s razing of
144:
140:
132:
131:Warsaw Rising
128:
127:Brandkommando
123:
113:
110:
102:
99:November 2022
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
30:
26:
21:
20:
3197:Razed cities
2980:Warsaw Spire
2923:Contemporary
2899:BrĂŒhl Palace
2887:Saxon Palace
2740:Royal Castle
2718:Market Place
2702:Architecture
2632:Plac Bankowy
2597:Plac Defilad
2515:Warsaw Metro
2413:
2337:Constitution
2221:Book burning
2178:Nazi plunder
2149:World War II
1963:
1930:Middle East
1795:Afghanistan
1691:
1683:Bibliography
1669:. Retrieved
1665:
1656:
1639:
1635:
1626:
1601:
1593:
1584:
1578:
1566:. Retrieved
1562:
1538:. Retrieved
1533:
1498:. Retrieved
1491:the original
1486:
1444:February 17,
1442:. Retrieved
1438:the original
1433:
1410:February 17,
1408:. Retrieved
1404:the original
1399:
1394:Maria Witt.
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1329:the original
1319:
1306:
1287:
1276:. Retrieved
1272:the original
1247:
1242:
1226:
1214:. Retrieved
1210:the original
1205:
1195:
1184:the original
1179:
1176:Biuletyn IPN
1175:
1162:
1143:
1138:
1130:
1125:
1114:. Retrieved
1112:. 2020-01-17
1109:
1100:
1042:
1019:Royal Castle
856:Royal Castle
752:Electricity
637:
626:
605:
597:
593:
565:
550:
529:
527:
520:Meuse School
518:
472:
463:Saxon Palace
439:
422:
417:
413:
407:
402:Royal Castle
397:
374:
372:
349:
314:
305:
294:Please help
289:verification
286:
252:
246:
240:
210:
206:
178:
174:
159:
143:Nazi Germany
138:
136:
126:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2930:Centrum LIM
2829:Archdiocese
2575:Royal Route
2510:Warsaw Pact
2470:Marie Curie
1805:Bangladesh
1789:By location
1761:destruction
1536:(in Polish)
1216:16 December
1081:Nero Decree
928:MirĂłw Halls
577:manuscripts
546:manuscripts
3166:Categories
2892:Saxon Axis
2880:Historical
2723:City walls
2647:Grochowska
2580:Nowy Ćwiat
2568:Topography
2520:Warsaw Zoo
2236:Looted art
2226:Iconoclasm
1950:Palestine
1671:2020-11-26
1666:Culture.pl
1568:August 21,
1487:www.nid.pl
1278:2007-12-04
1116:2024-02-21
1092:References
760:Gas pipes
736:Education
664:Destroyed
656:1939â1945
633:Rapperswil
581:incunables
572:warehouses
308:March 2019
257:Pabst Plan
231:Pabst Plan
69:newspapers
32:This lead
3077:Palm tree
3014:Monuments
2950:Intraco I
2652:ZÄ
bkowska
2560:Landmarks
2173:Libraries
1540:August 1,
1335:March 16,
1021:near the
930:in flames
873:in flames
685:Industry
661:Category
600:from the
239:Plan for
3153:Category
2970:ZĆota 44
2945:Spektrum
2787:Belweder
2728:Barbican
2369:May Coup
2292:articles
2005:Ukraine
1940:Nigeria
1895:Ireland
1860:Germany
1759:Damage,
1634:(1969).
1376:Archived
1365:Archived
1354:Archived
1296:Archived
1055:See also
1049:New Town
1045:Old Town
813:streets.
728:Housing
579:, 2,500
465:and the
379:PruszkĂłw
147:the city
2965:Rondo 1
2940:Rotunda
2861:ZachÄta
2817:Diocese
2661:Bridges
2191:Natural
2079:By type
1960:Poland
1915:Kosovo
1905:Israel
1850:France
1825:Canada
1815:Brazil
1765:looting
1648:3369342
786:Gallery
618:faience
589:atlases
493:(later
469:, 1945.
153:of the
125:German
83:scholar
2290:Warsaw
1995:Syria
1985:Spain
1835:China
1782:caused
1780:Human-
1646:
1614:
1234:
1150:
1025:(1948)
604:, the
585:prints
481:, the
215:chief
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3072:TÄcza
2985:Varso
1880:Iraq
1870:Iran
1638:[
1530:(PDF)
1494:(PDF)
1483:(PDF)
1187:(PDF)
1172:(PDF)
672:100%
522:Bible
90:JSTOR
76:books
2871:PAST
2128:List
1771:and
1763:and
1644:OCLC
1612:ISBN
1570:2010
1542:2010
1502:2011
1446:2008
1412:2008
1371:and
1337:2007
1232:ISBN
1218:2013
1148:ISBN
800:1939
779:30%
771:30%
763:46%
755:50%
747:60%
739:70%
731:72%
723:75%
715:85%
710:Tram
704:90%
696:90%
688:90%
680:95%
544:and
542:maps
350:The
141:was
137:The
62:news
2960:Q22
1769:art
1767:of
1608:166
1180:8â9
1003:on
298:by
45:by
3168::
1664:.
1610:.
1561:.
1550:^
1532:.
1510:^
1485:.
1454:^
1432:.
1420:^
1398:.
1386:^
1360:,
1255:^
1204:.
1178:.
1174:.
1154:,
1108:.
489:,
370:.
213:SS
201:).
2275:e
2268:t
2261:v
1752:e
1745:t
1738:v
1674:.
1650:.
1620:.
1572:.
1544:.
1504:.
1448:.
1414:.
1339:.
1281:.
1220:.
1119:.
321:)
315:(
310:)
306:(
292:.
133:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
