1385:
1379:
1076:, primarily to keep Christianity from accumulating popularity and influence on the Japanese society and to reeducate the population about the significance of the imperial rule. The attempt lasted from 1870 to 1884. Consequentially, in addition to overseeing Shintō affairs,
1020:
reports that the Jingi-kan was still being used as late as 1585 and was demolished during renovations. In 1626, a temporary building was constructed to perform additional ceremonies.
1449:
1119:
The goals of the Great
Teaching campaign was deemed too ambiguous or too general to be able to be formed into practice, making it difficult for
1731:
670:
When misfortune struck or to determine the cause of ominous events, it performs divination to determine the identity of the responsible Kami.
1736:
1425:
1016:
in 1221, most of the palace was evacuated and fell into disrepair; the Jingi-kan alone remained in operation. A 1624 memoir by a
1602:
1529:
1456:
1256:
1214:
206:
While the department existed for almost a century, there are periods of time in
Japanese ancient and medieval history where
1285:
401:"Department of Shinto Affairs" or "Council of Shinto Affairs," where "Shinto Affairs" refer to the general function of
1204:
1127:
also lacked staffs to oversee their two major functions, Shintō affairs and propaganda. Because of these two reasons,
203:, which roughly translates to "Code of Celestial and Terrestrial Deities" or "Code of Heavenly and Earthly Gods".
1751:
1638:
1037:
1664:
1514:
1418:
1060:
In 1870, the Meiji administration attempted to create a new national religion under the term "Great
Teaching"
1494:
1132:
250:
188:, as well as coordinating the provinces' ritual practices with those in the capital based on a code called
170:-related affairs at court, provincial shrines, performance rites for the celestial and terrestrial deities
1633:
1628:
990:
purifies the emperor and the people of the transgressions and defilements of the second half of the year
867:
purifies the emperor and the people of the transgressions and defilements of the first half of the year
391:
is used to refer to both heavenly and earthly gods. This is the most common translation used in
English.
1741:
1570:
1161:
1362:
1509:
1411:
1123:
to provide a theoretical and spiritual content to be spread among the public. In addition to that,
32:
1399:
667:
Provides ritualists who assist the sovereign and his court in the performance of palace ceremonies
1544:
1001:
From the 10th century to the 15th, the
Shirakawa-hakuō family held this position continuously.
347:
or "High Plains of Heaven," from whom the
Japanese imperial line supposedly descended. The term
1484:
231:
28:
1746:
1669:
1580:
1554:
1442:
1355:
1318:
1315:
138:
703:. The rites are laid out in articles 2 through 9, as well as article 18. Those rituals are:
1643:
8:
1618:
1539:
682:
952:
special offerings at the Ise
Shrines of the wine and food made from the new rice crop
398:
refers not to the heavenly and earthly gods but to the rites performed for these gods.
1534:
1489:
1252:
1210:
835:
performed at a crossroads outside the capital, to prevent evil spirits from entering
421:
376:
can also be used to refer to the rituals performed to the heavenly and earthly gods.
372:
gods in Shinto that resides in or have appeared on the earth. Colloquially, the term
89:, was a Japanese Imperial bureaucracy established in the 8th century, as part of the
36:
1648:
1575:
1504:
1244:
420:
administrative hierarchy was an intentional mirror of its
Chinese counterpart, the
1032:
announced that the new Meiji government would restore direct imperial rule (王政復古,
1679:
1623:
1585:
1293:
1684:
1590:
1524:
1395:
1013:
1725:
1689:
1674:
1597:
1519:
1029:
776:
368:, translates to "terrestrial deities" or "earthly gods" and encompasses all
224:
was burned down during Ōnin War (1467-1477). Then, during the Meiji period,
98:
1710:
1465:
1325:
1238:
1156:
1045:
1009:
1005:
343:
337:
which translates to "celestial deities" or "heavenly gods" encompasses all
1248:
118:
1499:
364:
137:. However, the department and Daijō-kan made its first appearance in the
1106:, Ministry of Divinities, that lasted from 1871 to 1872, as part of the
230:
was briefly reinstated in 1868 and then dissolved in 1871, succeeded by
92:
333:
1131:
was abandoned and dissolved, and the Meiji administration established
387:"Department of Divinities" or "Council of Divinities," where the term
1549:
1149:
727:
678:
440:
The
Jingikan was staffed by four levels of managers, as seen below:
1384:
1705:
1044:). The department was reinstated in 1868 at the beginning of the
1378:
1434:
681:(Toshigoi no Matsuri), the spring and autumn Tsukinamisai, and
429:
425:
417:
154:
oversaw almost all matters related to Shintō, particularly of
212:
was effectively inexistent, parallel to the evolution of the
394:"Department of Rites" or "Council of Rites," where the term
1008:, the Jingi-kan became the final surviving building of the
156:
46:
424:(禮部). The Jingi-kan was charged with oversight of Shinto
1209:. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. 2016-12-01.
805:
the festival of the
Tatsuta Shrine, for the Kami of wind
792:
the festival of the Hirose Shrine, for the Kami of rain
379:
Therefore, there are several ways to translate the term
148:
handled secular administrative affairs of the country,
218:
system and Shinto, such as when the establishment of
505:
Senior vice-director, junior fifth rank lower grade
407:, that is to oversee all matters related to Shintō.
1028:On the thirteenth day of the third month of 1868,
569:Senior secretary, senior eighth rank lower grade
160:worship. In other words, the general function of
1723:
775:the festival of the Isakawa Shrine in Yamato, a
673:Conducts the distribution of tribute offerings (
571:Junior secretary, junior eight rank upper grade
541:Junior assistant, junior sixth rank lower grade
539:Senior assistant, junior sixth rank upper grade
515:Japanese bureaucratic title: 大常小卿 (だいじょうしょうきょう,
316:, "celestial and terrestrial deities." The term
1341:. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. p. 50.
1337:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon (1956).
1092:
1069:
664:as well as overall coordination of shrine rites
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101:which established the Department of Divinities
90:
60:
1450:
1419:
1336:
619:are staffs that serve under these officials.
575:Japanese bureaucratic title: 大常録事 (たいじょうろくじ,
545:Japanese bureaucratic title: 大常丞 (たいじょうじょう,
1394:This Japanese history–related article is a
1457:
1443:
1426:
1412:
1082:also had the role to oversee propaganda.
473:Japanese bureaucratic title: 大常伯（たいじょうはく,
1339:Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869
699:must carry out thirteen rites written in
470:Director, junior fourth rank lower grade
97:reforms. It was first consolidated under
16:Japanese state religion office, 700–1871
1525:Institute of Japanese Classics Research
1139:), also known as Ministry of Doctrine.
852:prayers to prevent fires at the palace
1724:
1603:Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines
1530:National Association of Shinto Priests
677:) to shrines for four annual rituals:
1732:Former government ministries of Japan
1438:
1199:
1197:
762:offerings os summer vestments at Ise
411:
271:is composed of the Chinese character
1372:
1313:Breen, John and Mark Teeuwen (2000)
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
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1226:
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1185:
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660:Carries out annual rites written in
1737:8th-century establishments in Japan
1319:Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami
1236:
13:
1023:
301:, which is an abbreviated form of
14:
1763:
1363:"Concepts of Emperor and State" (
1349:
1265:
1223:
1174:
1048:as a provisional step to achieve
849:on the last day of the 6th month
749:prayers for freedom from illness
511:), senior sixth rank upper grade
286:, "council" or "department," and
1464:
1383:
1377:
1240:Macmillan Dictionary of Religion
1639:Shrine Parishioner Registration
689:
341:gods in Shinto that resides in
1330:
1307:
1:
1665:Association of Shinto Shrines
1515:Bureau of Shrines and Temples
1292:(in Japanese). Archived from
1055:
1038:unity of rites and government
565:jingi-daisakan,jingi-shōsakan
1398:. You can help Knowledge by
645:
608:kanbe, urabe, shibu, jikichō
435:
75:Department of Shinto Affairs
7:
1634:Religious Organizations Law
1629:Shrine Consolidation Policy
1142:
1112:
1093:
1087:
1078:
1070:
997:Jingi-kan in Medieval Japan
822:prayers for a good harvest
736:prayers for a good harvest
695:
652:
501:jingi-daifuku,jingi-shōfuku
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67:
10:
1768:
1571:Unity of religion and rule
1371:
1286:"Encyclopedia of Shinto詳細"
1162:Unity of religion and rule
832:last day of the 6th month
819:11th day of the 6th month
1698:
1657:
1611:
1563:
1472:
1100:
1064:
987:last day of the 12 month
889:4th day of the 7th month
877:4th day of the 7th month
802:4th day of the 4th month
789:4th day of the 4th month
656:has four main functions:
356:
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24:
1510:Bureau of Shinto Affairs
1480:Department of Divinities
1167:
933:Hoshi shizume no Matsuri
841:Hoshi shizume no Matsuri
759:middle of the 4th month
613:Religious functionaries
432:for the whole country.
56:Department of Divinities
33:Great Teaching Institute
20:Department of Divinities
1658:Successor organizations
1545:Institute of Divinities
1360:Encyclopedia of Shinto,
885:Kaze no Kami no Matsuri
798:Kaze no Kami no Matsuri
717:Ritual Details/Purpose
535:jingi-daijō,jingi-shōjo
260:
1752:Japanese history stubs
1485:Ministry of Divinities
742:Hanashizume no Matsuri
623:is composed of thirty
507:Junior vice-director (
232:Ministry of Divinities
121:, the Council of State
29:Ministry of Divinities
1670:Kokugakuin University
1581:Secular Shrine Theory
1555:Kokugakuin University
1356:Kokugakuin University
1249:10.1057/9780230379411
1237:Pye, Michael (1994).
857:Great Purtification (
746:end of the 3rd month
139:Asuka Kiyomihara Code
87:Council of Divinities
83:Department of Worship
1644:Humanity Declaration
1495:Ministry of Religion
1133:Ministry of Religion
981:Great Purtification
949:9th and 10th months
909:Tsukinami no Matsuri
897:Kamu miso no Matsuri
811:Tsukinami no Matsuri
755:Kamu miso no Matsuri
635:(servants), and two
519:), 祠部員外郎 (しぶいんがいろう,
251:Ministry of Religion
166:includes to oversee
73:, also known as the
1619:Taikyo Proclamation
1540:Bureau of Religions
1110:campaign, bringing
779:of the Miwa Shrine
723:Toshigoi no Matsuri
707:
650:In its early days,
457:Additional Details
444:
79:Department of Rites
21:
925:winter repetition
921:Michiae no Matsuri
913:autumn repetition
901:autumn repetition
847:Michiae no Matsuri
828:Michiae no Matsuri
768:Saigusa no Matsuri
706:
579:), 大卜令史 (たいぼくれいし,
448:Title in Japanese
443:
412:Ritsuryō Jingi-kan
19:
1742:History of Shinto
1719:
1718:
1535:Bureau of Shrines
1490:Missionary Office
1407:
1406:
1258:978-1-349-38861-5
1216:978-0-19-062171-1
1206:Shinto: A History
994:
993:
937:winter repititon
864:half of the year
643:
642:
600:伴部 (神部,卜部,使部,直丁)
591:), 大常主簿 (たいじょうしゅぼ
549:), 大卜丞 (たいぼくじょう,
485:）、祠部尚書（しほうしょうしょ,
454:Title in English
422:Ministry of Rites
383:-kan in English:
52:
51:
37:Missionary Office
1759:
1649:Shinto Directive
1576:Haibutsu kishaku
1505:Taikyo Institute
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477:), 大常卿（たいじょうけい,
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1290:國學院大學デジタルミュージアム
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1024:Meiji Jingi-kan
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1473:Organizations
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761:
758:
756:
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748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
735:
733:early spring
732:
730:
729:
724:
721:
720:
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713:
711:Ritual Title
710:
709:
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697:
684:
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582:
581:taibokureishi
578:
574:
572:
568:
566:
563:
561:
557:
556:
552:
548:
544:
542:
538:
536:
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531:
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451:Romanization
450:
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405:
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133:
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100:
95:
94:
88:
85:, as well as
84:
80:
76:
69:
57:
48:
45:
41:
38:
34:
30:
27:
23:
1747:State Shinto
1711:Fukko Shinto
1699:Predecessors
1479:
1466:State Shinto
1400:expanding it
1393:
1390:
1364:
1359:
1338:
1332:
1326:Google Books
1324:, p. 47, at
1320:
1314:
1309:
1298:. Retrieved
1294:the original
1289:
1239:
1205:
1157:State Shinto
1148:
1136:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1116:to an end.
1108:saisei itchi
1107:
1084:
1059:
1050:saisei itchi
1049:
1046:Meiji period
1042:saisei itchi
1041:
1033:
1027:
1017:
1010:Heian Palace
1006:feudal Japan
1003:
1000:
982:
969:
957:
944:
932:
920:
908:
896:
884:
872:
858:
846:
840:
827:
815:Tsukinamisai
814:
810:
797:
784:
767:
754:
741:
726:
722:
700:
693:
690:Annual Rites
674:
661:
649:
639:(laborers).
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
607:
603:
593:, taijōshubo
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
570:
564:
560:従八位上 - 神祇少史
559:
558:正八位下 - 神祇大史
550:
546:
540:
534:
530:従六位下 - 神祇少祐
529:
528:従六位上 - 神祇大祐
521:shibuingairō
520:
516:
508:
506:
500:
496:正六位上 - 神祇少副
495:
494:従五位下 - 神祇大副
486:
482:
478:
474:
465:
439:
415:
395:
388:
380:
378:
373:
369:
363:
344:Takamagahara
342:
338:
332:
304:tenjin chigi
264:
254:
205:
181:tenjin chigi
167:
155:
145:
143:
86:
82:
78:
74:
55:
53:
1500:Kyodo Shoku
974:11th month
970:Niiname-sai
962:11th month
945:Kanname-sai
714:Chronology
627:and twenty
589:shibureishi
577:taijōrokuji
517:daijōshōkyō
487:shihōshōsho
462:従四位下 - 神祇伯
365:kunitsukami
1726:Categories
1300:2022-12-03
1056:After 1871
1034:ōsei fukko
1018:Jingi-haku
958:Ainame-sai
772:4th month
683:Niinamesai
585:shibushuji
483:daibokurei
466:jingi-haku
334:amatsukami
99:Taihō Code
1591:Shōkonsha
1550:Jingu-kyo
1365:Jingi-kan
1150:Engishiki
1129:jingi-shō
1125:jingi-shō
1121:jingi-shō
1113:jingi-kan
1094:jingi-shō
1088:jingi-kan
1079:jingi-kan
1014:Jōkyū War
777:subshrine
728:Kinen-sai
696:Jingi-kan
679:Kinen-sai
653:jingi-kan
646:Functions
551:taibokujō
479:daijō-kei
475:daijōhaku
436:Hierarchy
404:jingi-kan
268:jingi-kan
265:The term
244:jingi-shō
227:jingi-kan
221:jingi-kan
209:jingi-kan
191:jingi-ryō
163:jingi-kan
151:Jingi-kan
146:Daijō-kan
132:daijō-kan
119:Daijō-kan
112:jingi-kan
68:jingi-kan
43:Dissolved
25:Successor
1706:Kokugaku
1564:Concepts
1321:, p. 47.
1143:See also
1137:kyōbushō
983:(Ōharai)
701:jingiryō
662:jingiryō
255:kyōbushō
215:ritsuryō
93:ritsuryō
1040:(祭政一致,
675:heihaku
637:jikichō
631:thirty
547:taijōjō
509:shōfuku
430:rituals
1612:Events
1255:
1213:
1135:(教部省,
1085:Then,
1071:taikyō
1036:) and
859:Ōharai
845:after
629:urabe,
621:Tomobe
617:Tomobe
604:tomobe
426:clergy
418:Shinto
319:tenjin
253:(教部省,
144:While
1168:Notes
633:shibu
625:kanbe
416:This
396:jingi
389:jingi
381:jingi
374:jingi
350:chigi
289:jingi
1396:stub
1253:ISBN
1211:ISBN
428:and
370:kami
339:kami
311:天神地祇
261:Term
249:and
175:天神地祇
168:kami
157:kami
117:and
54:The
47:1871
1245:doi
1101:神祇省
1052:.
1004:In
813:or
725:or
274:kan
257:).
238:神祇省
198:神祇令
126:太政官
106:神祇官
62:神祇官
1728::
1358:,
1288:.
1267:^
1251:.
1243:.
1225:^
1176:^
1068:,
1065:大教
861:)
610:)
595:)
553:)
523:)
489:）
357:地祇
326:天神
296:神祇
241:,
178:,
141:.
129:,
109:,
81:,
77:,
65:,
35:,
31:,
1458:e
1451:t
1444:v
1427:e
1420:t
1413:v
1402:.
1367:)
1303:.
1261:.
1247::
1219:.
1104:)
1098:(
1074:)
1062:(
685:.
606:(
360:)
354:(
329:)
323:(
314:)
308:(
299:)
293:(
284:)
281:官
278:(
247:)
235:(
201:)
195:(
185:)
172:(
135:)
123:(
115:)
103:(
71:)
59:(
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