529:
105:
906:
707:
3471:
196:
741:
3481:
719:
time, instead of a colon, such as 14h00. Midnight was represented in civil records as "ten hours". Times between midnight and the first decimal hour were written without hours, so 1:00 am, or 0.41 decimal hours, was written as "four décimes" or "forty-one minutes". 2:00 am (0.8333) was written as "eight décimes", "eighty-three minutes", or even "eighty-three minutes thirty-three seconds".
858:
Another hand would display 100 divisions of a centiday, which is 1/10,000 day, or 8.64 seconds. A third hand on a smaller dial would further divide these into 10, which would be 1/100,000 day, or 864 milliseconds, slightly less than a whole second. He suggested the deciday and centiday be used together to represent the time of day, such as "4 and 5", "4/5", or simply "45".
850:
was proposed as the base of the metric system, but this was changed in 1791 to base the meter on a decimal division of a measurement of the Earth, instead. Early drafts of the metric system published in 1793 included the new decimal divisions of the day included with the
Republican calendar, and some of the same individuals were involved with both projects.
891:
Thus, the law of 18 Germinal An III (April 7, 1795) establishing the metric system, rather than including metric units for time, repealed the mandatory use of decimal time, although its use continued for a number of years in some places. As predicted, it was quickly found to be useful by astronomers,
861:
This was refuted by Jean-Marie
Viallon, of the Sainte-GeneviĂšve Library in Paris, who thought that decimal hours, equal to 2.4 old hours, were too long, and that 100 centidays were too many, and proposed dividing two halves of the day into 10 new hours each, for a total of 20 per day, and that simply
504:
GÄng (æŽ) is a time signal given by drum or gong. The character for gÄng æŽ, literally meaning "rotation" or "watch", comes from the rotation of watchmen sounding these signals. The first gÄng theoretically comes at sundown, but was standardized to fall at 19:12. The time between each gÄng is 1â10 of a
183:
used to divide the time is the same as the one used to represent it, the representation of hours, minutes and seconds can be handled as a unified value. Therefore, it becomes simpler to interpret a timestamp and to perform conversions. For instance, 12345 is 1 decimal hour, 23 decimal minutes, and 45
886:
But by asking that the decimal division of the day is not a condition of rigor, there is no disagreement that there are several circumstances where it has advantages. We know that in several objects of the Navy service, in astronomical or trigonometric calculations, and for delicate experiments, the
875:
3) This habit would be further consolidated by the fear of confusion. It would be necessary, to prevent it, to take new names that have not yet been indicated, and that it would be very difficult to introduce into common language, especially for so many people who do not write, who do not calculate,
857:
proposed to the
Commission for Republican Weights and Measures on dividing the day into 10 decidays and 100 centidays, which would be expressed together as two digits, counting periods of 14 minutes and 24 seconds since midnight, nearly a quarter hour. This would be displayed by one hand on watches.
508:
As early as the Bronze-Age Xia dynasty, days were grouped into ten-day weeks known as xĂșn (æŹ). Months consisted of three xĂșn. The first 10 days were the early xĂșn (äžæŹ), the middle 10 the mid xĂșn (äžæŹ), and the last nine or 10 days were the late xĂșn (äžæŹ). Japan adopted this pattern, with 10-day-weeks
1138:
Another common type of decimal time is decimal hours. In 1896, Henri de
Sarrauton of the Oran Geographical Society proposed dividing the 24 hours of the day each into 100 decimal minutes, and each minute into 100 decimal seconds. Although endorsed by the Bureau des Longitudes, this proposal failed,
962:
as secretary. The commission adopted a compromise, originally proposed by Henri de
Sarrauton of the Oran Geographical Society, of retaining the 24-hour day, but dividing each hour into 100 decimal minutes, and each minute into 100 seconds. The plan did not gain acceptance and was abandoned in 1900.
849:
In designing the new metric system, the intent was to replace all the various units of different bases with a small number of standard decimal units. This was to include units for length, weight, area, liquid capacity, volume, and money. Initially the traditional second of time equal to 1/86400 day
348:
are 36 groups of stars (small constellations) used in the ancient
Egyptian astronomy to conveniently divide the 360 degree ecliptic into 36 parts of 10 degrees. Because a new decan also appears heliacally every ten days (that is, every ten days, a new decanic star group reappears in the eastern sky
1020:
Although Swatch did not specify units smaller than one .beat, third party implementations extended the standard by adding "centibeats" or "sub-beats", for extended precision: @248.00. Each "centibeat" was a hundredth of a .beat and was therefore equal to one French decimal second (0.864 seconds).
718:
is the comma (,), while the period (.), or "point", is used in
English. Units were either written out in full, or abbreviated. Thus, five hours eighty three minutes decimal might be written as 5 h. 83 m. Even today, "h" is commonly used in France to separate hours and minutes of 24-hour
1848:
Numerous individuals have proposed variations of decimal time, dividing the day into different numbers of units and subunits with different names. Most are based upon fractional days, so that one decimal time format may be easily converted into another, such that all the following are equivalent:
188:, so that 2024-09-22.54321 can be interpreted as five decimal hours, 43 decimal minutes and 21 decimal seconds after the start of that day, or a fraction of 0.54321 (54.321%) through that day (which is shortly after traditional 13:00). It also adjusts well to digital time representation using
1285:
unit of time duration. It is also the standard single-unit time representation in many programming languages, most notably C, and part of UNIX/POSIX standards used by Linux, Mac OS X, etc.; to convert fractional days to fractional seconds, multiply the number by 86400. Fractional seconds are
1150:
For aviation purposes, where it is common to add times in an already complicated environment, time tracking is simplified by recording decimal fractions of hours. For instance, instead of adding 1:36 to 2:36, getting 3:72 and converting it to 4:12, one would add 1.6 to 2.6 and get 4.2 hours.
930:
VII. That the
Conference expresses the hope that the technical studies designed to regulate and extend the application of the decimal system to the division of angular space and of time shall be resumed, so as to permit the extension of this application to all cases in which it presents real
2273:
Instruction abrégée sur les mesures déduites de la grandeur de la Terre, uniformes pour toute la République, et sur les calculs relatifs à leur division décimale; par la
Commission temporaire des poids & mesures rĂ©publicaines, en exĂ©cution des dĂ©crets de la Convention nationale. Ădition
862:
changing the numbers on watch dials from 12 to 10, he thought, would be sufficient for rural people. For others, there would be 50 decimal minutes per decimal hour, and 100 decimal seconds per decimal minute. His new hours, minutes, and seconds would thus be more similar to the old units.
777:
were produced with faces showing both standard time with numbers 1â24 and decimal time with numbers 1â10, decimal time never caught on; it was not used for public records until the beginning of the
Republican year III, 22 September 1794, and mandatory use was suspended 7 April 1795 (18
978:
882:
5) Finally, citizens and watchmakers would be infinitely dismayed, some to change their watches, others to lose the ability to sell those that are already made. This truth is acquired by the result of the contest which took place recently, under the decree on watchmaking
1324:
It is possible to specify the time of day as the number of kiloseconds of elapsed time since midnight. Thus, instead of saying 3:45 p.m. one could say (time of day) 56.7 ks. There are exactly 86.4 ks in one day. However, this nomenclature is rarely used in practice.
1333:
Scientists often record time as decimal. For example, decimal days divide the day into 10 equal parts, and decimal years divide the year into 10 equal parts. Decimals are easier to plot than both (a) minutes and seconds, which uses the
1242:
Between Greenwich noon of the 22d and 23d of March, 1829, the 1828th equinoctial year terminates, and the 1829th commences. This happens at 0·286003, or at 6 51 50·66 Greenwich Mean Time ... For example, at 12 0 0 Greenwich Mean Time, or 0·500000...
756:
is equal to 10 decimal minutes, which is nearly equal to a quarter-hour (15 minutes) in standard time. Thus, "five hours two décimes" equals 5.2 decimal hours, roughly 12:30 p.m. in standard time. One hundredth of a decimal second was a decimal
722:
As with duodecimal time, decimal time was represented according to true solar time, rather than mean time, with noon being marked when the sun reached its highest point locally, which varied at different locations, and throughout the year.
1024:
When using .beats and centibeats, Swatch Internet Time divided the day into 1,000 French decimal minutes and each decimal minute into 100 decimal seconds. So 9pm was 21:00:00 in standard time and @875.00 in extended Swatch Internet Time.
505:
day, making a gÄng 2.4 hoursâor 2 hours 24 minutesâlong As a 10-part system, the gÄng are strongly associated with the 10 celestial stems, especially since the stems are used to count off the gÄng during the night in Chinese literature.
1223:
Les valeurs précédentes de a, b, h, l, relatives à trois observations, ont donné la distance périhélie égale à 1,053650; et pour l'instant du passage, sept.29,04587; ce qui diffÚre peu des résultats fondés sur cinq observations.
1040:
for the current definition of the standard second) in a standard day, but in the French decimal time system there were 100,000 decimal seconds in the day; thus, the decimal second was 13.6% shorter than its standard counterpart.
1159:
The time of day is sometimes represented as a decimal fraction of a day in science and computers. Standard 24-hour time is converted into a fractional day by dividing the number of hours elapsed since midnight by 24 to make a
1912:
increment represents one milliyear, with 78 years in 2401, counted from 2323. The decimal represents a fractional day. Thus, stardates are a composition of two types of decimal time. In 2023, 78 years earlier would be 1945.
1146:
typically record the time of day in tenths or hundredths of an hour. For instance, 08:30 would be recorded as 08.50. This is intended to make accounting easier by eliminating the need to convert between minutes and hours.
2177:
Carrigan, Richard A. (MayâJune 1978). "Decimal Time: Unlike the metric system of measurements, decimal time did not survive the French Revolution. But is dividing the day by tens a possibility for the future?".
184:
decimal seconds, or 1.2345 decimal hours, or 123.45 decimal minutes or 12345 decimal seconds; 3 hours is 300 minutes or 30,000 seconds. This property also makes it straightforward to represent a timestamp as a
1899:, and decimal time defines the time of day, as measured by a clock. Just as standard time uses the metric time unit of the second as its basis, proposed decimal time scales may use alternative metric units.
357:) or "tens". A ten-day period between the rising of two consecutive decans is a decade. There were 36 decades (36 Ă 10 = 360 days), plus five added days to compose the 365 days of a solar based year.
562:, the day, the hour, etc. would be from tens into tens. This division would result in much easier and more convenient calculations and would be very preferable to the arbitrary division of the
869:
1) As it does not offer almost all of the nation any marked advantage, it would only throw a disadvantage on the new system of measures and the decimal method, which is however very useful;
887:
decimal division of time is more convenient. It will therefore be good to reserve it for these cases, until the use can spread more generally, which will happen by itself imperceptibly.
1321:. Occasionally, these units can be found in technical literature, but traditional units like minutes, hours, days and years are much more common, and are accepted for use with SI.
1891:
Some decimal time proposals are based upon alternate units of metric time. The difference between metric time and decimal time is that metric time defines units for measuring
1205:
uses the local time zone of the computer. Using fractional days reduces the number of units in time calculations from four (days, hours, minutes, seconds) to just one (days).
947:, etc. The Toulouse Chamber of Commerce adopted a resolution supporting his proposal in April 1897. Although widely published, the proposal received little backing.
2113:
794:
for five years. In some places, decimal time was used to record certificates of births, marriages, and deaths until the end of Year VIII (September 1800). On the
872:
2) Since the hourly compilation is not a commercial object or susceptible to a police regulation, the old uses would be maintained by the immense force of habit;
586:
proposed dividing the day into 10 hours or 1,000 minutes, each new hour into 100 minutes, each new minute into 1,000 seconds, and each new second into 1,000
1220:... et la distance périhélie, égale à 1,053095; ce qui a donné pour l'instant du passage au périhélie, sept.29,10239, temps moyen compté de minuit à Paris.
726:
In "Methods to find the Leap Years of the French Calendar", Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Delambre used three different representations for the same decimal time:
935:
In the 1890s, Joseph Charles François de Rey-Pailhade, president of the Toulouse Geographical Society, proposed dividing the day into 100 parts, called
1829:, is 365.2425 days (the average length of a year over a 400–year cycle), resulting in 0.1 years being a period of 36.52425 days (
2373:
1164:. Thus, midnight is 0.0 day, noon is 0.5 d, etc., which can be added to any type of date, including (all of which refer to the same moment):
1298:(ns). Absolute times are usually represented relative to 1 January 1970, at midnight UT. Other systems may use a different zero point (like
143:, which divided the day into 10 decimal hours, each decimal hour into 100 decimal minutes and each decimal minute into 100 decimal seconds (
4070:
3746:
199:
Paper dial to convert a 12-hour clock face to decimal time, presented to the Revolutionary Committee of Public Instruction by Hanin.
898:
recommended the ephemeris second as a metric base unit for time interval in 1832, which eventually became the atomic second in the
829:
of 10 days each; this calendar was abolished at the end of 1805. The start of each year was determined according to the day of the
1212:
to record observations, and were expressed in relation to Paris Mean Time by the 18th century French mathematician and astronomer
628:, which he called "microscopic points of time". He also suggested a week of 10 days and dividing the year into 10 "solar months".
3080:
2916:
2119:
2545:
2457:
2237:
1673:
is exactly 365.25 days long, so a tenth of the year is 36.525 days (36 days, 12 hours, 36 minutes).
1193:
As many decimal places may be used as required for precision, so 0.5 d = 0.500000 d. Fractional days are often calculated in
779:
3517:
1948:
744:
Marriage certificate for Napoleon's sister, dated 12 floreal l'An V "Ă Sept heures Cinq Decimes" (May 1, 1797, at 6:00 pm).
528:
1933:
349:
at dawn right before the Sun rises, after a period of being obscured by the Sun's light), the ancient Greeks called them
2475:
3864:
2436:
714:
The colon (:) was not yet in use as a unit separator for standard times, and is used for non-decimal bases. The French
4367:
4065:
3661:
2446:
2342:
2161:
2047:
2022:
919:
3701:
2074:
1669:= 36.5 days in a tenth of a year. Hence the year 2020.5 represents the day 2 July 2020. More exactly, a
1338:
numbering system, (b) hours, months and days, which has irregular month lengths. In astronomy, the so-called
192:, in that the internal time representation can be used directly both for computation and for user-facing display.
3030:
2685:
366:
2509:
Decimal Time by Kevin Gut - Website that shows the current decimal time and a converter to and from decimal time
4377:
2909:
2320:
410:
376:
1821:
These values, based on the Julian year, are most likely to be those used in astronomy and related sciences. A
4111:
3859:
2494:
2419:
1282:
386:
173:
1234:
Fractional days have been used by astronomers ever since. For instance, the 19th century British astronomer
3854:
2992:
1001:", (each 86.4 seconds in standard time) counted from 000â999, with @000 being midnight and @500 being noon
802:, two of the four clock faces displayed decimal time until at least 1801. The mathematician and astronomer
1139:
but using decimal fractions of an hour to represent the time of day instead of minutes has become common.
4044:
3914:
3283:
865:
C.A. Prieur (of the CĂŽte-d'Or), read at the National Convention on VentĂŽse 11, year III (March 1, 1795):
104:
4387:
4254:
4234:
2635:
2615:
1194:
822:
537:
518:
132:
4244:
4216:
4049:
3828:
3346:
3195:
3075:
2625:
2538:
583:
4311:
3510:
3045:
2473:
LE CALENDRIER RĂPUBLICAIN Textes officiels DĂ©crets Relatifs Ă l'Ă©tablissement de l'Ăre RĂ©publicaine
2381:
1997:
648:
issued a decree on 5 October 1793, to which the underlined words were added on 24 November 1793 (4
2271:
4382:
4249:
4199:
3986:
3833:
3301:
2952:
1670:
1201:, although Julian Dates use pre-1925 astronomical date/time (each date began at noon = ".0") and
902:. However, for longer periods of time interval, the old non-decimal units were approved for use.
905:
4392:
4149:
3950:
3696:
3595:
2655:
2403:
2012:
4362:
3751:
3484:
3116:
3061:
3015:
3000:
2645:
2205:
1318:
1010:
955:
854:
641:
486:
4372:
4184:
4125:
4101:
4096:
3367:
3336:
2785:
2680:
2531:
1860:
1270:
1213:
1174:
994:
972:
895:
803:
791:
85:
667:, each part into ten others, so on until the smallest measurable portion of the duration.
8:
4211:
4106:
4024:
4014:
3789:
3706:
3686:
3676:
3503:
3241:
2700:
2660:
834:
710:
3 different representations of 3 hours 86 minutes decimal time by Delambre (9:15:50 a.m.)
645:
2134:
2059:
K. Yabuuti , "Astronomical tables in China, from the Wutai to the Ch'ing dynasties", in
4336:
4316:
4194:
4179:
4164:
4086:
3885:
3849:
3651:
3190:
3168:
3035:
2859:
2830:
2765:
2758:
2187:
1991:
1826:
1168:
656:
VIII. Each month is divided into three equal parts, of ten days each, which are called
593:
36:
4144:
3940:
3935:
3779:
3615:
3271:
3150:
3050:
2903:
2806:
2710:
2453:
2442:
2233:
2157:
2094:
2090:
2043:
2018:
1987:
1254:
1161:
838:
830:
715:
637:
189:
140:
109:
959:
806:
had a decimal watch made for him, and used decimal time in his work, in the form of
782:
of the Year III). In spite of this, decimal time was used in many cities, including
116:, while the small dial shows the two 12-hour periods of the standard 24-hour day in
4341:
4290:
4206:
4154:
3930:
3908:
3774:
3671:
3389:
3377:
3205:
3173:
3005:
2874:
2790:
2780:
2695:
2486:
2206:"Instruction sur l'Úre de la République, à la suite du décret du 3 brumaire, an II"
2086:
1943:
1938:
1258:
1198:
986:
922:
of 1884, the following resolution was proposed by the French delegation and passed
795:
4274:
4239:
4226:
4189:
4136:
3994:
3889:
3823:
3784:
3621:
3451:
3316:
3293:
3261:
3213:
3200:
3163:
3145:
2775:
2770:
2479:
2304:
2288:
2254:
2227:
2151:
1892:
1840: seconds; 36 days, 12 hours, 34 minutes, 55.2 seconds).
1202:
1186:
1142:
Decimal hours are frequently used in accounting for payrolls and hourly billing.
825:, which, in addition to decimally dividing the day, divided the month into three
113:
950:
The French made another attempt at the decimalization of time in 1897, when the
542:
391:
381:
4174:
3972:
3960:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3818:
3741:
3666:
3394:
3384:
3183:
3055:
3025:
3010:
2795:
2753:
2748:
2620:
1822:
1305:
In principle, time spans greater than one second may be given in units such as
1014:
814:
588:
445:
from 544 to 565. Several of the roughly 50 Chinese calendars also divided each
117:
4356:
4091:
4009:
4004:
3955:
3945:
3585:
3474:
3424:
3372:
3306:
3278:
3266:
3256:
3246:
3128:
2972:
2898:
2847:
2800:
2715:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2598:
2472:
2277:(in French). France: de l'imprimerie nationale exécutive du Louvre (A Paris).
2098:
2035:
1928:
1923:
1235:
1002:
605:
151:
2513:
817:
in revolutionary France (which also included decimalisation of currency and
4169:
3967:
3681:
3656:
3641:
3607:
3567:
3446:
3440:
3106:
3040:
2962:
2893:
2842:
2743:
2630:
1825:, which takes into account the 100 vs. 400 leap year exception rule of the
1266:
678:. This article will not be required for the public records, until from the
2346:
2290:
ProcÚs-verbaux du Comité d'instruction publique de la Convention nationale
748:
Sometimes in official records, decimal hours were divided into tenths, or
532:
Astronomical table from the Almanach national de France using decimal time
375:
time. The midnight-to-midnight day was divided both into 12 double hours (
3869:
3766:
3728:
3711:
3646:
3627:
3560:
3540:
3456:
3434:
3341:
3326:
3121:
3101:
3091:
3020:
2977:
2957:
2886:
2705:
2607:
1953:
1335:
1291:
1287:
1006:
818:
613:
20:
2191:
909:
French timepiece with 12-hour (upper) and decimal (lower) faces, 1793â94
706:
371:
Decimal time was used in China throughout most of its history alongside
3636:
3631:
3526:
3351:
3251:
3158:
3133:
2936:
2720:
1339:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1295:
1262:
1209:
1180:
1143:
790:, where a decimal clock with just an hour hand was on the front of the
617:
372:
2259:. Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. p. 142.
2229:
Time and the French Revolution: The Republican Calendar, 1789-year XIV
578:, of the day into twenty-four hours, the hour into sixty minutes, etc.
415:
4326:
4306:
4039:
3999:
3736:
3545:
3414:
3331:
2967:
2879:
2854:
2835:
2725:
2153:
La Révolution française dans les Alpes: Dauphiné et Savoie, 1789-1799
1963:
1904:
1896:
1350:
Since there are 60 seconds in a minute, a tenth part represents
1299:
783:
2328:
1451:
Since there are 60 minutes in an hour, a tenth part represents
195:
4321:
4159:
3803:
3716:
2982:
2825:
2735:
2593:
2583:
2514:
Metric Clock by Paul Dunning / Shows the current local decimal time
2014:
Heavenly clockwork: the great astronomical clocks of medieval China
1958:
1909:
997:
for its line of digital watches, which divided the day into 1,000 "
981:
A Swatch watch showing .beat time in the bottom part of the display
787:
649:
876:
and who appreciate time only by a routine based on common opinion;
663:
XI. The day, from midnight to midnight, is divided into ten parts
550:
It would be very desirable that all divisions, for example of the
4331:
3555:
3550:
3321:
3311:
3233:
3224:
3209:
3096:
2941:
2864:
2573:
1261:. The decimal fraction is usually added to the calendar date or
923:
601:
128:
3111:
2518:
2508:
2136:
DĂ©couverte d'Ă©talons justes, naturels, invariables et universels
2075:"Decimal Time: Misadventures of a Revolutionary Idea, 1793â2008"
1552:
Since there are 24 hours in a day, a tenth part represents
1276:
740:
3419:
2578:
2270:
Commission des poids et mesures (1793). HaĂŒy, RenĂ©-Just (ed.).
2269:
1653:
Since there are about 365 days in a year, there are about
990:
490:
420:
396:
179:
The main advantage of a decimal time system is that, since the
163:
159:
127:
is the representation of the time of day using units which are
16:
Representation of the time of day using decimally related units
977:
131:
related. This term is often used specifically to refer to the
3756:
3495:
3429:
3178:
2869:
2817:
1677:
Conversion between decimal years and date (in a common year)
1028:
Swatch no longer markets digital watches with Internet Time.
799:
774:
770:
612:, would be a new unit of length, provisionally called a half-
609:
339:
180:
2256:
Bulletin de géographie historique et descriptive, année 1899
2034:
Jean-Claude Martzloff, "Chinese mathematical astronomy", in
3690:
3572:
2568:
2554:
939:, equal to 14.4 standard minutes, and each divided into 10
155:
112:. The large dial shows the ten hours of the decimal day in
509:
known as jun (æŹ). In Korea, they were known as sun (ì,æŹ).
489:, based on European astronomy and brought to China by the
485:. Chinese decimal time ceased to be used in 1645 when the
150:
decimal seconds per day), as opposed to the more familiar
3590:
2011:
Joseph Needham, Ling Wang, and Derek John de Solla Price
644:
made a proposal for decimal time on 5 November 1792. The
879:
4) The expense of changing the clocks would be enormous;
2523:
2441:(2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 316.
2017:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986) 199-202,
1037:
899:
1568:= 2.4 hours (2 hours and 24 minutes).
4071:
Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP)
2361:
L'Heure décimale et la division de la circonférence
465:(Season Granting) calendar further subdivided each
2471:National Convention of the French Republic (1793)
680:1st of Vendémiaire, the year three of the Republic
636:Decimal time was officially introduced during the
433:per day were used during three short periods: 120
1572:Conversion between decimal day and hours/minutes
1229:Pierre-Simon Laplace, Traité de Mécanique Céleste
892:who still use it in the form of fractional days.
473:, creating a complete decimal time system of 100
4354:
1370:Conversion between decimal minutes and seconds
1036:There are exactly 86,400 standard seconds (see
497:per day alongside 12 double hours, making each
2306:Bulletin of the International Railway Congress
2111:
1342:uses decimal days centered on Greenwich noon.
682:. (September 22, 1794) (emphasis in original)
3511:
2539:
2252:
1471:Conversion between decimal hours and minutes
1277:Decimal multiples and fractions of the second
1253:Fractional days are commonly used to express
813:Decimal time was part of a larger attempt at
673:; the hundredth part of the minute is called
592:(older French for "third"). The distance the
429:) by the 1st millennium BC. Other numbers of
2232:. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 132â3.
2225:
2149:
2042:(Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000) 373â407, p. 393,
730:0,386 (comma is the decimal sign in French)
3518:
3504:
2546:
2532:
2293:. Imprimerie nationale. 1897. p. 605.
2061:Japanese Studies in the History of Science
1328:
108:French decimal clock from the time of the
2132:
669:The hundredth part of the hour is called
4066:Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (GSSA)
2434:
2219:
2176:
976:
904:
739:
705:
527:
194:
103:
2401:
37:
4355:
2309:(English ed.). 1899. p. 784.
1843:
604:, which would be one-billionth of the
3499:
2527:
1884:50.0% time as a percentage of the day
952:Commission de décimalisation du temps
733:0386 ("j" is for jour, day in French)
3480:
2072:
1949:List of unusual units of measurement
1248:John Herschel, Outlines of Astronomy
821:) and was introduced as part of the
807:
185:
2482:published by Philippe Chapelin 2002
2133:Collignon, Claude Boniface (1788).
1934:Centesimal minute and second of arc
100:Times are in different time zones.
13:
3865:Adoption of the Gregorian calendar
2438:Introduction to geomagnetic fields
1283:International System of Units (SI)
1208:Fractional days are often used by
1154:
913:
631:
14:
4404:
2519:Decimal Time Clock & Calendar
2502:
2402:Laplace, Pierre Simon de (1823).
2321:"Nucleus Plugin: NP_InternetTime"
2112:d'Alembert, Jean le Rond (1754).
993:introduced a decimal time called
920:International Meridian Conference
736:3 86' (apostrophe is for minutes)
701:
523:
99:
3479:
3470:
3469:
2139:. Chez l'auteur. pp. 39â40.
2091:10.1163/156771509X12638154745382
1864:
1133:
844:
154:, which divides the day into 24
3747:English and British regnal year
2435:Campbell, Wallace Hall (2003).
2428:
2412:
2395:
2378:Civil Aviation Safety Authority
2366:
2353:
2335:
2313:
2297:
2281:
2263:
2246:
2198:
1265:for natural objects, or to the
453:, although others divided each
367:Traditional Chinese timekeeping
3525:
2170:
2143:
2126:
2105:
2066:
2053:
2028:
2005:
1981:
1031:
966:
425:
414:
401:
390:
380:
139:from 1794 to 1800, during the
1:
3860:Old Style and New Style dates
2489:Last revised 27 February 2004
1970:
1269:for artificial satellites in
405:) and also into 10 shi / 100
3812:Pre-Julian / Julian
2359:Sarrauton, Henri de (1896).
2327:. 2005-11-23. Archived from
624:would be divided into 1,000
441:from 507 to 544 CE, and 108
314:
303:
292:
281:
270:
259:
248:
237:
226:
215:
204:
7:
4045:Geological history of Earth
3915:Astronomical year numbering
3284:Geological history of Earth
2405:Traité de Mécanique Céleste
2253:Ernest Leroux, ed. (1900).
2040:Mathematics across cultures
1916:
1346:Seconds in a decimal minute
136:
10:
4409:
2636:Orders of magnitude (time)
2465:
970:
823:French Republican Calendar
752:, instead of minutes. One
686:Thus, midnight was called
519:French Republican calendar
516:
501:exactly one-quarter hour.
364:
337:
328:
133:French Republican calendar
18:
4299:
4283:
4267:
4225:
4217:Thermoluminescence dating
4135:
4124:
4112:Samariumâneodymium dating
4079:
4058:
4032:
4023:
3985:
3923:
3878:
3842:
3811:
3802:
3765:
3727:
3606:
3581:
3533:
3465:
3407:
3360:
3347:Time translation symmetry
3292:
3232:
3222:
3144:
3071:
2991:
2932:
2816:
2734:
2644:
2606:
2592:
2561:
2498:published by Gallica 1995
1447:Minutes in a decimal hour
958:, with the mathematician
833:, in relation to true or
584:Claude Boniface Collignon
512:
353:(ΎΔÎșÎ±ÎœÎżÎŻ; pl. of ΎΔÎșαΜÏÏ
28:
4368:Time measurement systems
3931:Chinese sexagenary cycle
2553:
1998:Calendrical Calculations
1975:
1649:Length of a decimal year
1216:, as in these examples:
985:On 23 October 1998, the
764:
360:
333:
162:and each minute into 60
19:Not to be confused with
4145:Amino acid racemisation
3302:Absolute space and time
2953:Astronomical chronology
2156:. Privat. p. 256.
1329:Scientific decimal time
796:Palace of the Tuileries
616:, equal to four modern
538:Jean le Rond d'Alembert
33:UTC 22 September 2024 (
4150:Archaeomagnetic dating
3662:Era of Caesar (Iberia)
3352:Time reversal symmetry
2656:Italian six-hour clock
2492:Herschel, John (1849)
2213:Université de Toulouse
1548:Hours in a decimal day
1251:
1232:
982:
926:(with 3 abstentions):
910:
745:
711:
533:
200:
121:
4378:Metrication in France
4050:Geological time units
3117:Time and fate deities
3062:The Unreality of Time
3001:A series and B series
2495:Outlines of Astronomy
2421:Outlines of Astronomy
2226:Matthew Shaw (2011).
2150:Jean Nicolas (1989).
2085:(1â2). Brill: 31â32.
2073:Vera, Hector (2009).
1895:, as measured with a
1240:
1238:gave these examples:
1218:
1189:serial dates: 36526.5
1011:Central European Time
980:
956:Bureau des Longitudes
908:
855:Joseph-Louis Lagrange
743:
709:
698:("five hours"), etc.
642:Jean-Charles de Borda
531:
198:
107:
4102:Law of superposition
4097:Isotope geochemistry
3368:Chronological dating
3337:Theory of relativity
2681:Daylight saving time
2063:no. 2 (1963) 94â100.
1861:Swatch Internet Time
1214:Pierre-Simon Laplace
973:Swatch Internet Time
900:International System
896:Carl Friedrich Gauss
804:Pierre-Simon Laplace
596:travels in one such
158:, each hour into 60
135:time system used in
4235:Fluorine absorption
4212:Luminescence dating
4107:Luminescence dating
4015:Milankovitch cycles
3855:Proleptic Gregorian
3687:Hindu units of time
2661:Thai six-hour clock
2485:Sizes, Inc. (2000)
1887:12:00 standard time
1844:Other decimal times
1678:
1573:
1472:
1371:
1013:(one hour ahead of
954:was created by the
853:On March 28, 1794,
835:apparent solar time
646:National Convention
620:. Further, the new
437:from 5 to 3 BC, 96
377:traditional Chinese
101:
4337:Terminus post quem
4317:Synchronoptic view
4284:Linguistic methods
4245:Obsidian hydration
4180:Radiometric dating
4165:Incremental dating
4087:Chronostratigraphy
3191:Rosy retrospection
3169:Mental chronometry
2993:Philosophy of time
2487:decimal time units
2478:2013-03-17 at the
2180:American Scientist
1992:Edward M. Reingold
1902:In the fictional
1856:5 heures décimales
1827:Gregorian calendar
1676:
1571:
1470:
1467:= 6 minutes.
1369:
1366:= 6 seconds.
1281:The second is the
1171:: 2000 January 1.5
983:
911:
746:
712:
694:, noon was called
534:
387:simplified Chinese
201:
176:seconds per day).
122:
4388:Time in astronomy
4350:
4349:
4263:
4262:
4120:
4119:
3981:
3980:
3936:Geologic Calendar
3798:
3797:
3493:
3492:
3403:
3402:
3378:Circadian rhythms
3196:Tenseâaspectâmood
3051:Temporal finitism
2928:
2927:
2904:Grandfather clock
2458:978-0-521-52953-2
2374:"Pilot Log Books"
2239:978-0-86193-311-2
1988:Nachum Dershowitz
1819:
1818:
1646:
1645:
1545:
1544:
1444:
1443:
1271:two-line elements
1175:Two-line elements
1131:
1130:
1081:1 Decimal minute
1064:1 Decimal second
839:Paris Observatory
716:decimal separator
652:of the Year II):
638:French Revolution
326:
325:
141:French Revolution
110:French Revolution
102:
98:
42:
4400:
4342:ASPRO chronology
4291:Glottochronology
4207:Tephrochronology
4155:Dendrochronology
4133:
4132:
4030:
4029:
3829:Proleptic Julian
3819:Pre-Julian Roman
3809:
3808:
3604:
3603:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3497:
3496:
3483:
3482:
3473:
3472:
3390:Glottochronology
3230:
3229:
3146:Human experience
3006:B-theory of time
2604:
2603:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2525:
2524:
2460:
2452:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2380:. Archived from
2370:
2364:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2345:. Archived from
2339:
2333:
2332:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2210:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2118:. Archived from
2109:
2103:
2102:
2070:
2064:
2057:
2051:
2032:
2026:
2009:
2003:
1985:
1944:Hexadecimal time
1939:Decimal calendar
1839:
1837:
1834:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1473:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1375:Decimal minutes
1372:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1259:orbital elements
1249:
1230:
1177:: 00001.50000000
1162:decimal fraction
1044:
1043:
831:autumnal equinox
487:ShĂxiĂ n calendar
427:
418:
403:
394:
384:
278:12:00 p.m.
223:12:00 a.m.
203:
202:
172:
171:
149:
148:
92:
77:
64:
41:
39:
34:
32:
26:
25:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4295:
4279:
4275:Molecular clock
4268:Genetic methods
4259:
4240:Nitrogen dating
4227:Relative dating
4221:
4190:Potassiumâargon
4137:Absolute dating
4127:
4116:
4075:
4054:
4019:
3995:Cosmic Calendar
3987:Astronomic time
3977:
3919:
3874:
3838:
3824:Original Julian
3794:
3761:
3723:
3622:Ab urbe condita
3600:
3577:
3529:
3524:
3494:
3489:
3461:
3452:Time immemorial
3399:
3356:
3317:Coordinate time
3288:
3242:Geological time
3218:
3201:Time management
3164:Generation time
3148:
3140:
3085:
3067:
2987:
2946:
2924:
2812:
2730:
2647:
2640:
2596:
2588:
2557:
2552:
2505:
2480:Wayback Machine
2468:
2463:
2449:
2433:
2429:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2400:
2396:
2387:
2385:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2358:
2354:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2268:
2264:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2224:
2220:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2148:
2144:
2131:
2127:
2110:
2106:
2071:
2067:
2058:
2054:
2033:
2029:
2010:
2006:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1919:
1908:universe, each
1846:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1331:
1286:represented as
1279:
1250:
1247:
1231:
1228:
1203:Microsoft Excel
1169:Gregorian dates
1157:
1155:Fractional days
1136:
1115:1 Decimal hour
1034:
975:
969:
916:
914:Later proposals
847:
808:fractional days
767:
704:
634:
632:French Republic
526:
521:
515:
461:. In 1280, the
369:
363:
342:
336:
331:
322:9:36 p.m.
311:7:12 p.m.
300:4:48 p.m.
289:2:24 p.m.
267:9:36 a.m.
256:7:12 a.m.
245:4:48 a.m.
234:2:24 a.m.
169:
167:
146:
144:
114:Arabic numerals
90:
75:
62:
35:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4406:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4383:Decimalisation
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4312:New Chronology
4309:
4303:
4301:
4300:Related topics
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4229:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4177:
4175:Paleomagnetism
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4141:
4139:
4130:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4083:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4036:
4034:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3991:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3973:New Earth Time
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3902:
3897:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3834:Revised Julian
3831:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3813:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3752:Lists of kings
3749:
3744:
3742:Canon of Kings
3739:
3733:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3694:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3667:Before present
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3625:
3618:
3612:
3610:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3530:
3523:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3500:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3477:
3466:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3395:Time geography
3392:
3387:
3385:Clock reaction
3382:
3381:
3380:
3370:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3238:
3236:
3227:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3184:time signature
3181:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3058:
3056:Temporal parts
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3026:Eternal return
3023:
3018:
3013:
3011:Chronocentrism
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2798:
2796:Hindu Panchang
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2601:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2551:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2504:
2503:External links
2501:
2500:
2499:
2490:
2483:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2447:
2427:
2411:
2394:
2365:
2363:, Oran: Fouque
2352:
2349:on 2008-12-24.
2334:
2331:on 2007-08-07.
2312:
2296:
2280:
2262:
2245:
2238:
2218:
2197:
2186:(3): 305â313.
2169:
2162:
2142:
2125:
2122:on 2012-12-15.
2104:
2065:
2052:
2027:
2004:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1868:
1857:
1854:
1845:
1842:
1823:Gregorian year
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:Decimal years
1651:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1612:Hours/minutes
1609:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:Decimal hours
1449:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1348:
1347:
1330:
1327:
1278:
1275:
1245:
1226:
1191:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1156:
1153:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1033:
1030:
1015:Universal Time
971:Main article:
968:
965:
960:Henri Poincaré
933:
932:
915:
912:
889:
888:
884:
880:
877:
873:
870:
846:
843:
815:decimalisation
766:
763:
738:
737:
734:
731:
703:
702:Representation
700:
684:
683:
675:decimal second
671:decimal minute
661:
633:
630:
580:
579:
525:
524:Pre-Revolution
522:
514:
511:
365:Main article:
362:
359:
338:Main article:
335:
332:
330:
327:
324:
323:
320:
317:
313:
312:
309:
306:
302:
301:
298:
295:
291:
290:
287:
284:
280:
279:
276:
273:
269:
268:
265:
262:
258:
257:
254:
251:
247:
246:
243:
240:
236:
235:
232:
229:
225:
224:
221:
218:
214:
213:
210:
207:
186:fractional day
118:Roman numerals
97:
96:
93:
88:
82:
81:
78:
73:
69:
68:
65:
60:
56:
55:
52:
49:
45:
44:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4405:
4394:
4393:Units of time
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:Chronological
4123:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4092:Geochronology
4090:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4025:Geologic time
4022:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4010:Metonic cycle
4008:
4006:
4005:Galactic year
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:ISO week date
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:Byzantine era
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3608:Calendar eras
3605:
3602:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3521:
3516:
3514:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3486:
3478:
3476:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3373:Chronobiology
3371:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:Arrow of time
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:Geochronology
3277:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3221:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3129:Wheel of time
3127:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2973:Periodization
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Digital clock
2897:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:Relative hour
2674:
2672:
2671:24-hour clock
2669:
2667:
2666:12-hour clock
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2542:
2537:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2448:0-521-52953-0
2444:
2440:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2422:
2415:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2384:on 2012-03-21
2383:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2308:
2307:
2300:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2276:
2275:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2222:
2214:
2207:
2201:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2165:
2163:9782708953529
2159:
2155:
2154:
2146:
2138:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2056:
2049:
2048:0-7923-6481-3
2045:
2041:
2037:
2036:Helaine Selin
2031:
2024:
2023:0-521-32276-6
2020:
2016:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1999:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:24-hour clock
1927:
1925:
1924:12-hour clock
1922:
1921:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1893:time interval
1886:
1883:
1881:500 millidays
1880:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1841:
1828:
1824:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1672:
1671:"Julian year"
1648:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1577:Decimal days
1576:
1575:
1569:
1547:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1367:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1236:John Herschel
1225:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1134:Decimal hours
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:Seconds (SI)
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:standard time
1000:
996:
995:Internet Time
992:
988:
979:
974:
964:
961:
957:
953:
948:
946:
942:
938:
929:
928:
927:
925:
921:
907:
903:
901:
897:
893:
885:
881:
878:
874:
871:
868:
867:
866:
863:
859:
856:
851:
845:Metric system
842:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
776:
772:
762:
760:
755:
751:
742:
735:
732:
729:
728:
727:
724:
720:
717:
708:
699:
697:
693:
689:
681:
677:
676:
672:
666:
662:
659:
655:
654:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
606:circumference
603:
599:
595:
594:twilight zone
591:
590:
585:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
548:
547:
545:
544:
540:wrote in the
539:
530:
520:
510:
506:
502:
500:
496:
493:, adopted 96
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
422:
417:
412:
408:
404:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
374:
368:
358:
356:
352:
347:
341:
321:
318:
315:
310:
307:
304:
299:
296:
293:
288:
285:
282:
277:
274:
271:
266:
263:
260:
255:
252:
249:
244:
241:
238:
233:
230:
227:
222:
219:
216:
211:
208:
205:
197:
193:
191:
187:
182:
177:
175:
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:standard time
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
119:
115:
111:
106:
94:
89:
87:
86:Swatch .beats
84:
83:
79:
74:
71:
70:
66:
61:
58:
57:
53:
50:
47:
46:
40:
27:
22:
4363:Decimal time
4255:Stratigraphy
4200:Uraniumâlead
4170:Lichenometry
3968:Winter count
3951:Mesoamerican
3879:Astronomical
3697:Mesoamerican
3682:Sothic cycle
3657:Seleucid era
3642:Bosporan era
3630: /
3620:
3568:Paleontology
3447:Time capsule
3441:Tempus fugit
3439:
3361:Other fields
3060:
3041:Perdurantism
2963:Calendar era
2915:
2908:
2894:Cuckoo clock
2831:astronomical
2805:
2690:
2631:Unit of time
2562:Key concepts
2493:
2437:
2430:
2420:
2414:
2404:
2397:
2386:. Retrieved
2382:the original
2377:
2368:
2360:
2355:
2347:the original
2337:
2329:the original
2325:TeRanEX Wiki
2324:
2315:
2305:
2299:
2289:
2283:
2272:
2265:
2255:
2248:
2228:
2221:
2212:
2200:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2152:
2145:
2135:
2128:
2120:the original
2115:Encyclopédie
2114:
2107:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2060:
2055:
2039:
2030:
2013:
2007:
1995:
1983:
1903:
1901:
1890:
1875:
1871:
1847:
1820:
1652:
1551:
1450:
1349:
1332:
1323:
1304:
1292:microseconds
1288:milliseconds
1280:
1267:ordinal date
1252:
1241:
1233:
1222:
1219:
1207:
1192:
1181:Julian dates
1158:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1127:2:24:00.000
1110:0:14:24.000
1093:0:01:26.400
1076:0:00:00.864
1059:h:mm:ss.sss
1035:
1027:
1023:
1019:
998:
984:
951:
949:
944:
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852:
848:
826:
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758:
753:
749:
747:
725:
721:
713:
695:
691:
690:("ten hours"
687:
685:
679:
674:
670:
668:
664:
657:
635:
625:
621:
597:
587:
581:
575:
574:into twelve
571:
567:
566:into twenty
563:
559:
555:
551:
543:Encyclopédie
541:
535:
507:
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498:
494:
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370:
354:
350:
345:
343:
178:
125:Decimal time
124:
123:
51:Decimal time
4373:Metrication
4195:Radiocarbon
3870:Dual dating
3729:Regnal year
3707:Short Count
3647:Bostran era
3628:Anno Domini
3561:Big History
3541:Archaeology
3457:Time travel
3435:System time
3342:Time domain
3327:Proper time
3151:use of time
3122:Father Time
3102:Immortality
3092:Ages of Man
3021:Endurantism
2978:Regnal year
2958:Big History
2887:water-based
2786:Solar Hijri
2696:Hexadecimal
2646:Measurement
2608:Chronometry
2594:Measurement
1954:Metric time
1878:(centidays)
1859:@500.beats
1336:sexagesimal
1315:gigaseconds
1311:megaseconds
1307:kiloseconds
1296:nanoseconds
1210:astronomers
1183:: 2451545.0
1144:Time clocks
1032:Conversions
1009:, which is
1007:Switzerland
987:Swiss watch
967:Switzerland
931:advantages.
819:metrication
696:cinq heures
618:centimetres
614:handbreadth
21:Metric time
4357:Categories
3790:Vietnamese
3702:Long Count
3637:Anno Mundi
3632:Common Era
3534:Key topics
3527:Chronology
3159:Chronemics
3134:Kalachakra
3046:Presentism
3031:Eternalism
2937:Chronology
2875:mechanical
2826:Main types
2744:Main types
2388:2012-06-23
2079:KronoScope
2002:, page 207
1971:References
1340:Julian day
1263:Julian day
883:movements.
688:dix heures
626:quatierces
517:See also:
373:duodecimal
4327:Year zero
4307:Chronicle
4250:Seriation
4185:Leadâlead
4059:Standards
4040:Deep time
4000:Ephemeris
3886:Lunisolar
3850:Gregorian
3843:Gregorian
3804:Calendars
3767:Era names
3737:Anka year
3616:Human Era
3546:Astronomy
3415:Leap year
3332:Spacetime
3206:Yesterday
3107:Dreamtime
3081:Mythology
2968:Deep time
2880:stopwatch
2855:hourglass
2836:astrarium
2766:Gregorian
2759:Lunisolar
2736:Calendars
2726:Time zone
2599:standards
2274:originale
2099:1567-715X
1964:Unix time
1905:Star Trek
1897:stopwatch
1865:see above
1853:0.500 day
1319:and so on
1300:Unix time
1098:1 DĂ©cime
784:Marseille
769:Although
582:In 1788,
570:, of the
536:In 1754,
469:into 100
449:into 100
129:decimally
76:0.55314 d
72:Fraction
67:Paris MT
4322:Timeline
4160:Ice core
4033:Concepts
3780:Japanese
3712:Tzolk'in
3677:Egyptian
3475:Category
3223:Time in
3214:Tomorrow
3076:Religion
3016:Duration
2983:Timeline
2917:Timeline
2716:Sidereal
2584:Eternity
2476:Archived
2192:27848641
1959:Stardate
1917:See also
1910:stardate
1753:365.250
1511:Minutes
1294:(ÎŒs) or
1246:â
1227:â
1073:0.00024
1053:Minutes
989:company
945:centicés
792:Capitole
788:Toulouse
780:Germinal
665:or hours
650:Frimaire
481:and 100
457:into 60
402:shà chén
212:12-hour
95:BMT/CET
80:GMT/UTC
63:5 59 64
31:13:16:32
4332:Floruit
4080:Methods
3941:Iranian
3909:Islamic
3775:Chinese
3586:Periods
3556:History
3551:Geology
3485:Commons
3408:Related
3322:Instant
3312:Chronon
3294:Physics
3234:Geology
3225:science
3097:Destiny
2942:History
2910:History
2865:sundial
2848:quantum
2791:Chinese
2781:Islamic
2691:Decimal
2686:Chinese
2648:systems
2574:Present
2466:Sources
2343:"iBeat"
2038:, ed.,
1750:328.725
1747:292.200
1744:255.675
1741:219.150
1738:182.625
1735:146.100
1732:109.575
1667:
1655:
1566:
1554:
1465:
1453:
1410:Second
1364:
1352:
1070:0.0144
941:decicés
924:nem con
918:At the
837:at the
827:décades
775:watches
750:décimes
658:décades
608:of the
602:equator
600:at the
589:tierces
576:deniers
491:Jesuits
463:Shoushi
411:Chinese
355:dekanos
351:dekanoi
329:History
209:24-hour
206:decimal
164:seconds
160:minutes
59:French
4128:dating
3924:Others
3890:Hebrew
3785:Korean
3596:Epochs
3425:Moment
3420:Memory
3272:period
2860:marine
2843:atomic
2818:Clocks
2776:Hebrew
2771:Julian
2706:Metric
2579:Future
2456:
2445:
2236:
2190:
2160:
2097:
2046:
2021:
1815:06:00
1808:25 Nov
1803:20 Oct
1798:13 Sep
1783:27 May
1778:20 Apr
1773:15 Mar
1729:73.050
1726:36.525
1317:(Gs),
1313:(Ms),
1309:(ks),
1290:(ms),
1255:epochs
1118:8,640
1090:0.024
1067:0.864
1056:Hours
999:.beats
991:Swatch
943:, 100
771:clocks
759:tierce
754:décime
622:tierce
598:tierce
558:, the
554:, the
513:France
477:, 100
423::
421:pinyin
413::
399::
397:pinyin
389::
379::
346:decans
190:epochs
137:France
48:Format
38:update
3961:Aztec
3905:Lunar
3900:Solar
3894:Hindu
3757:Limmu
3717:Haab'
3672:Hijri
3430:Space
3262:epoch
3252:chron
3210:Today
3179:tempo
3174:Music
3036:Event
2870:watch
2754:Lunar
2749:Solar
2721:Solar
2711:Roman
2701:Hindu
2209:(PDF)
2188:JSTOR
1976:Notes
1870:50.0
1813:1 Jan
1810:17:24
1805:04:48
1800:16:12
1795:03:36
1793:8 Aug
1790:15:00
1788:1 Jul
1780:13:48
1775:01:12
1770:12:36
1768:6 Feb
1765:00:00
1763:1 Jan
1760:Time
1720:Days
1639:21 36
1636:19 12
1633:16 48
1630:14 24
1187:Excel
1107:0.24
1104:14.4
1087:1.44
1084:86.4
1047:Unit
800:Paris
765:Usage
610:earth
564:livre
560:toise
552:livre
361:China
340:Decan
334:Egypt
319:21:36
308:19:12
297:16:48
286:14:24
275:12:00
264:09:36
253:07:12
242:04:48
231:02:24
220:00:00
156:hours
91:@594
54:Zone
3956:Maya
3691:Yuga
3591:Eras
3573:Time
3149:and
3112:KÄla
2807:List
2801:Maya
2597:and
2569:Past
2555:Time
2454:ISBN
2443:ISBN
2234:ISBN
2158:ISBN
2095:ISSN
2044:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1785:2:24
1758:Date
1715:1.0
1624:9 36
1621:7 12
1618:4 48
1615:2 24
1607:1.0
1506:1.0
1405:1.0
1124:2.4
1121:144
1101:864
786:and
773:and
568:sous
483:miao
471:miao
344:The
316:9:00
305:8:00
294:7:00
283:6:00
272:5:00
261:4:00
250:3:00
239:2:00
228:1:00
217:0:00
181:base
3267:era
3257:eon
3247:age
2626:TAI
2616:UTC
2087:doi
1876:cés
1874:or
1872:kes
1836:695
1833:155
1712:0.9
1709:0.8
1706:0.7
1703:0.6
1700:0.5
1697:0.4
1694:0.3
1691:0.2
1688:0.1
1685:0.0
1658:365
1642:24
1604:0.9
1601:0.8
1598:0.7
1595:0.6
1592:0.5
1589:0.4
1586:0.3
1583:0.2
1580:0.1
1541:60
1503:0.9
1500:0.8
1497:0.7
1494:0.6
1491:0.5
1488:0.4
1485:0.3
1482:0.2
1479:0.1
1440:60
1402:0.9
1399:0.8
1396:0.7
1393:0.6
1390:0.5
1387:0.4
1384:0.3
1381:0.2
1378:0.1
1302:).
1257:of
1197:or
1195:UTC
1017:).
1005:in
937:cés
798:in
660:...
572:sou
556:sou
479:fen
467:fen
459:fen
451:fen
170:400
147:000
145:100
29:At
4359::
3892:,
3212:â
3208:â
2621:UT
2376:.
2323:.
2211:.
2184:66
2182:.
2093:.
2081:.
2077:.
1994:,
1990:,
1838:.2
1664:10
1627:12
1563:10
1557:24
1538:54
1535:48
1532:42
1529:36
1526:30
1523:24
1520:18
1517:12
1462:10
1456:60
1437:54
1434:48
1431:42
1428:36
1425:30
1422:24
1419:18
1416:12
1361:10
1355:60
1273:.
1199:TT
1038:SI
841:.
810:.
761:.
640:.
546::
499:ke
495:ke
475:ke
455:ke
447:ke
443:ke
439:ke
435:ke
431:ke
426:kĂš
419:;
407:ke
395:;
392:æ¶èŸ°
385:;
382:æ蟰
174:SI
168:86
43:)
3911:)
3907:(
3896:)
3888:(
3693:)
3689:(
3519:e
3512:t
3505:v
2547:e
2540:t
2533:v
2451:.
2424:.
2408:.
2391:.
2242:.
2215:.
2194:.
2166:.
2101:.
2089::
2083:9
2050:.
2025:.
2000:"
1996:"
1867:)
1863:(
1831:3
1723:0
1661:/
1560:/
1514:6
1459:/
1413:6
1358:/
692:)
416:ć»
409:(
166:(
120:.
23:.
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