124:
296:(1981). In his judgement, the Eastern Daju languages separated from the others perhaps as much as 2,000 years ago, while the Western Daju languages were spread more recently, perhaps by the
502:
466:
R. C. Stevenson. "A survey of the phonetics and grammatical structure of the Nuba
Mountains languages, with particular reference to Otoro, Katcha and Nyimang."
536:
435:
293:
197:
1572:
193:
1875:
101:
225:
308:. The principal phonetic difference between the two branches is the reflex of proto-Daju *ÉŁ, reflected as Western *r and Eastern *x.
529:
1565:
781:
568:
522:
79:
492:. Boston, Spa: British Library Document Supply Centre. Doctoral dissertation, Coleraine: New University of Ulster.
1558:
1424:
1153:
1744:
1722:
423:
483:
Nilo-Saharan: Proceedings of the First Nilo-Saharan
Linguistics Colloquium, Leiden, September 8–10, 1980
1870:
1383:
1102:
304:
from about 1200 AD until scattered after the death of Kasi Furogé, the Daju king, and replaced by the
1767:
1705:
1219:
1065:
545:
508:
161:
73:
478:
473:
Thelwall, Robin. 1981. "Lexicostatistical
Subgrouping and Reconstruction of the Daju Group" in ed.
332:. The verb takes person suffixes, exemplified in Shatt (for the verb "drink" in the imperfective):
1865:
1784:
1749:
1369:
1340:
893:
1581:
1007:
677:
555:
247:
165:
67:
1310:
682:
637:
1274:
1012:
934:
655:
273:
234:
1203:
8:
1816:
1110:
997:
624:
474:
455:
415:
221:
1739:
1409:
1392:
1148:
1130:
748:
603:
1611:
1489:
114:
1830:
1797:
1734:
1694:
1687:
1437:
1052:
1026:
833:
157:
1840:
1825:
1804:
1636:
1631:
1509:
1442:
1289:
1198:
1125:
969:
926:
864:
797:
743:
725:
660:
650:
584:
1284:
1835:
1755:
1728:
1681:
1642:
1616:
1514:
1447:
1414:
1401:
1356:
1186:
1158:
1120:
1090:
1002:
939:
916:
879:
874:
812:
753:
735:
720:
712:
672:
666:
618:
597:
203:
62:
1714:
1676:
1650:
1605:
1541:
1473:
1457:
1452:
1432:
1364:
1320:
1315:
1294:
1269:
1234:
1192:
1168:
1163:
991:
974:
869:
859:
838:
828:
613:
608:
426:
in most Daju languages, with exceptions such as Sila, and possessed–possessor.
189:
200:. (The name "Shatt" is also applied to other unrelated languages of the area.)
176:
The Daju languages are sub-classified as follows, following
Stevenson (1956).
1859:
1790:
1671:
1622:
1335:
1325:
1254:
1244:
1239:
1178:
1115:
1080:
944:
911:
906:
901:
843:
758:
702:
645:
514:
456:
Ethnologue report for Nilo-Saharan, Eastern
Sudanic, Western, Daju languages
1279:
1085:
325:
251:
316:
The typical verb root in Daju is a monosyllable of the form (C)VC(C). The
407:
297:
277:
137:
55:
35:
1550:
317:
281:
207:
108:
1590:
238:
149:
1330:
419:
305:
301:
268:
255:
153:
1662:
1594:
264:
259:
211:
141:
47:
242:
229:
145:
123:
51:
148:. In Sudan, they are spoken in parts of the regions of
1857:
292:Proto-Daju has been partially reconstructed by
1566:
544:
530:
1573:
1559:
537:
523:
1580:
780:
567:
1858:
136:are spoken in isolated pockets by the
1554:
1050:
1049:
779:
566:
518:
160:. The Daju languages belong to the
13:
1876:Southern Eastern Sudanic languages
436:List of Proto-Daju reconstructions
16:Group of Eastern Sudanic languages
14:
1887:
496:
422:forms. The typical word order is
406:Suffixes on nouns serve to mark
122:
449:
206:(also known as Subori) in the
1:
442:
156:, in Chad they are spoken in
556:Nilo-Saharan language family
171:
7:
429:
10:
1892:
503:Nuba Languages and History
311:
1814:
1775:
1766:
1704:
1661:
1589:
1535:
1502:
1482:
1466:
1423:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1355:
1303:
1262:
1253:
1227:
1218:
1177:
1141:
1101:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1045:
1025:
983:
962:
953:
925:
892:
852:
821:
805:
796:
792:
775:
734:
711:
695:
636:
592:
583:
579:
562:
552:
546:Eastern Sudanic languages
121:
107:
97:
63:Linguistic classification
61:
41:
31:
26:
21:
1032:Large group listed below
490:The Daju Language Group
488:Thelwall, Robin. 1981.
458:retrieved May 21, 2011
300:state which dominated
267:(extinct) in southern
140:across a wide area of
554:Part of the proposed
509:Language Map of Sudan
1154:Lango (South Sudan)
485:. Foris: Dordrecht.
475:Thilo C. Schadeberg
424:subject–verb–object
468:Afrika und Ăśbersee
1871:Language families
1853:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1548:
1547:
1542:extinct languages
1531:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1498:
1497:
1378:
1377:
1351:
1350:
1214:
1213:
1053:Nilotic languages
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1021:
1020:
888:
887:
771:
770:
767:
766:
691:
690:
404:
403:
320:takes a prefixed
130:
129:
1883:
1773:
1772:
1575:
1568:
1561:
1552:
1551:
1398:
1397:
1389:
1388:
1260:
1259:
1225:
1224:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1047:
1046:
960:
959:
803:
802:
794:
793:
777:
776:
590:
589:
581:
580:
564:
563:
539:
532:
525:
516:
515:
505:, Robin Thelwall
459:
453:
381:you (pl.) drink
335:
334:
126:
117:
80:Southern Eastern
19:
18:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1845:
1810:
1768:Eastern Sudanic
1762:
1706:Central Sudanic
1700:
1657:
1597:
1585:
1579:
1549:
1544:
1519:
1494:
1478:
1462:
1419:
1374:
1347:
1299:
1249:
1210:
1173:
1137:
1097:
1056:
1051:
1033:
1017:
979:
949:
921:
884:
848:
817:
788:
763:
730:
707:
687:
632:
575:
558:
548:
543:
499:
463:
462:
454:
450:
445:
432:
399:
392:
380:
373:
361:
359:(w)a-wux-u-d-ök
354:
314:
290:
174:
162:Eastern Sudanic
113:
74:Eastern Sudanic
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1866:Daju languages
1851:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1822:
1820:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1726:
1719:
1710:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1691:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1666:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1647:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1614:
1609:
1601:
1599:
1587:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1555:
1546:
1545:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1504:
1503:Omotik–Datooga
1500:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1425:Nandi–Markweta
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1370:Southern Burun
1367:
1365:Northern Burun
1361:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1341:Lango (Uganda)
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1189:
1183:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1077:
1075:
1068:
1058:
1057:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
987:
985:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
966:
964:
957:
951:
950:
948:
947:
942:
937:
931:
929:
923:
922:
920:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
896:
890:
889:
886:
885:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
856:
854:
850:
849:
847:
846:
841:
836:
831:
825:
823:
819:
818:
816:
815:
809:
807:
800:
790:
789:
773:
772:
769:
768:
765:
764:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
740:
738:
732:
731:
729:
728:
723:
717:
715:
709:
708:
706:
705:
699:
697:
693:
692:
689:
688:
686:
685:
680:
675:
670:
663:
658:
653:
648:
642:
640:
634:
633:
631:
630:
629:
628:
616:
611:
606:
601:
593:
587:
577:
576:
560:
559:
553:
550:
549:
542:
541:
534:
527:
519:
513:
512:
511:Huffman, Steve
506:
498:
497:External links
495:
494:
493:
486:
471:
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460:
447:
446:
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428:
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401:
394:
387:
383:
382:
375:
368:
364:
363:
356:
349:
345:
344:
341:
338:
313:
310:
294:Robin Thelwall
289:
288:
287:
286:
285:
284:
271:
262:
245:
232:
216:
215:
214:
201:
178:
173:
170:
134:Daju languages
128:
127:
119:
118:
111:
105:
104:
99:
98:Proto-language
95:
94:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
88:
65:
59:
58:
45:
39:
38:
33:
29:
28:
24:
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3:
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1888:
1877:
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1872:
1869:
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1861:
1842:
1839:
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1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1785:Eastern Jebel
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1745:Mangbutu–Lese
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1723:Bongo–Bagirmi
1720:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:border region
1596:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1576:
1571:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1048:
1044:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
993:
989:
988:
986:
982:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
965:
961:
958:
956:
952:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
930:
928:
924:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
897:
895:
894:Eastern Jebel
891:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
857:
855:
851:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
824:
820:
814:
811:
810:
808:
804:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
785:
778:
774:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
739:
737:
733:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
716:
714:
710:
704:
701:
700:
698:
694:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
668:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
641:
639:
635:
627:
626:
622:
621:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
599:
595:
594:
591:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
572:
565:
561:
557:
551:
547:
540:
535:
533:
528:
526:
521:
520:
517:
510:
507:
504:
501:
500:
491:
487:
484:
480:
479:Lionel Bender
476:
472:
469:
465:
464:
457:
452:
448:
437:
434:
433:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
398:
395:
391:
388:
385:
384:
379:
376:
372:
369:
366:
365:
360:
357:
353:
350:
347:
346:
342:
339:
337:
336:
333:
331:
328:, a prefixed
327:
323:
319:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
283:
279:
275:
272:
270:
266:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
246:
244:
240:
236:
233:
231:
227:
223:
220:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
202:
199:
196:southwest of
195:
191:
188:
187:
185:
184:
183:
180:
179:
177:
169:
167:
164:subfamily of
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
125:
120:
116:
112:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
87:
84:
83:
81:
78:
77:
75:
72:
71:
69:
66:
64:
60:
57:
53:
49:
46:
40:
37:
34:
30:
25:
20:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1779:
1754:
1721:
1713:
1693:
1686:
1649:
1641:
1621:
1604:
1582:Nilo-Saharan
1537:
1467:Okiek–Mosiro
1311:Southern Luo
1191:
1103:Teso–Turkana
990:
954:
783:
665:
623:
596:
570:
489:
482:
467:
451:
438:(Wiktionary)
411:
405:
396:
393:s/he drinks
389:
377:
370:
358:
351:
329:
326:imperfective
321:
315:
291:
181:
175:
166:Nilo-Saharan
133:
131:
85:
68:Nilo-Saharan
44:distribution
1275:Belanda Bor
935:Keiga Jirru
656:El Hugeirat
638:Hill Nubian
470:40, 1956-7.
408:singulative
400:they drink
386:3rd person
367:2nd person
348:1st person
278:South Sudan
274:Njalgulgule
194:Shatt Hills
138:Daju people
56:South Sudan
36:Daju people
1860:Categories
1228:Dinka–Nuer
1179:Ongamo–Maa
1111:Karamojong
998:Daju Mongo
625:Old Nubian
443:References
412:-tic, -təs
378:wux-a-d-aŋ
374:you drink
318:perfective
282:Sopo River
222:Daju Mongo
208:Nuba Hills
102:Proto-Daju
42:Geographic
1817:Astaboran
1750:Moru–Madi
1540:indicate
1410:Kupsabiny
1149:Dongotono
1131:Nyangatom
853:Southwest
822:Southeast
786:languages
782:Southern
749:Miisiirii
604:Dongolawi
573:languages
569:Northern
362:we drink
340:singular
172:Languages
109:Glottolog
32:Ethnicity
1740:Mangbetu
1591:Ethiopia
1584:branches
1438:Kipsigis
1393:Kalenjin
1384:Southern
1304:Southern
1263:Northern
430:See also
397:sö-wux-u
390:mö-wux-u
355:I drink
239:Dar Sila
226:Dar Daju
218:Western
186:Eastern
150:Kordofan
115:daju1249
1831:Nyimang
1798:Nilotic
1759: ?
1731: ?
1718: ?
1695:Songhay
1688:Saharan
1654: ?
1646: ?
1626: ?
1538:Italics
1510:Datooga
1443:Markwet
1290:Shilluk
1220:Western
1199:Samburu
1126:Turkana
1091:Mandari
1066:Eastern
1027:Nilotic
984:Western
970:Logorik
963:Eastern
865:Didinga
744:Mararit
726:Nyimang
661:Ghulfan
651:Dilling
416:generic
352:a-wux-u
343:plural
312:Grammar
280:on the
250:around
198:Kadugli
192:in the
1841:Temein
1826:Nubian
1805:Surmic
1756:Sinyar
1665:region
1643:Ongota
1637:Kunama
1632:Kuliak
1515:Omotik
1490:Pökoot
1483:Pökoot
1448:Naandi
1415:Sabaot
1331:Dholuo
1321:Adhola
1316:Acholi
1187:Maasai
1159:Lokoya
1142:Lotuko
1121:Toposa
1003:Nyolge
940:Temein
927:Temein
917:Sillok
880:Tennet
875:Laarim
813:Majang
798:Surmic
754:Sungor
721:Afitti
673:Kadaru
667:Haraza
619:Nobiin
598:Birgid
585:Nubian
477:&
420:plural
418:, and
324:; the
306:Tunjur
302:Darfur
269:Darfur
256:Darfur
204:Liguri
154:Darfur
1735:Lendu
1729:Kresh
1715:Birri
1682:Maban
1672:Furan
1663:Sahel
1651:Shabo
1617:Koman
1612:BĘĽaga
1606:Berta
1595:Sudan
1474:Ogiek
1458:Tugen
1453:Terik
1433:Keiyo
1402:Elgon
1357:Burun
1336:Kumam
1295:Thuri
1270:Anuak
1235:Dinka
1204:Camus
1193:Ngasa
1169:Otuho
1164:Lopit
1008:Nyala
992:Beigo
975:Shatt
870:Murle
860:Baale
839:Mursi
834:MeĘĽen
829:Kwegu
806:North
736:Taman
713:Nyima
678:Karko
614:Midob
609:Kenzi
371:wux-u
330:a(n)-
265:Beigo
260:Sudan
252:Nyala
248:Nyala
212:Sudan
190:Shatt
158:Wadai
142:Sudan
48:Sudan
1836:Tama
1791:Nara
1780:Daju
1677:Kadu
1623:Gule
1326:Alur
1285:Päri
1245:Reel
1240:Nuer
1116:Teso
1086:Kuku
1081:Bari
1074:Bari
1013:Sila
955:Daju
945:Tese
912:Molo
907:Kelo
902:Gaam
844:Suri
759:Tama
703:Nara
696:Nara
683:Wali
646:Dair
298:Daju
243:Chad
235:Sila
230:Chad
182:Daju
152:and
146:Chad
144:and
132:The
86:Daju
52:Chad
27:Dagu
22:Daju
1280:Jur
1255:Luo
414:),
276:in
254:in
237:in
224:in
1862::
481:,
322:k-
258:,
241:,
228:,
210:,
168:.
54:,
50:,
1819:"
1815:"
1593:-
1574:e
1567:t
1560:v
784:n
571:k
538:e
531:t
524:v
410:(
82:?
76:?
70:?
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