209:, in a practice similar to the Italian and Soviet navies, adopted a mixed-calibre secondary battery, with dedicated anti-ship guns, coupled with smaller-calibre heavy anti-aircraft batteries, instead of adopting dual-purpose secondaries like the British or Americans. Both navies were concerned by possible close-range torpedo attacks from enemy (in particular, French) destroyers and torpedo boats, and considered the more powerful, larger calibre anti-ship secondaries a must. The French Navy used a mixed-calibre system, as well, but their secondary battery was dual-purpose. This tended to complicate ammunition supplies and render certain armament useless in some situations.
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unlikely that a battleship would be simultaneously facing both rushing destroyers and aircraft, and it would take up too much space to have separate types of guns to deal with both threats. Rather, they replaced them with turret-mounted dual-purpose guns that could be used against both aircraft and ships. The space saved from combining the two types of guns added to simplification of supply, increased deck armour coverage, stowage of other equipment, a larger light anti-aircraft battery, and other needs. This arrangement was seen as more efficient, and was deemed adequate to meet anti-surface and anti-aircraft needs under most circumstances.
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220:. Usually of a mid-range caliber, the gun is heavy enough to prove useful against surface targets including ships, surfaced submarines, and land targets. However, it is compact enough to fit into a mounting capable of good traverse and high elevation, as well as being capable of a high rate of fire, allowing it to successfully engage air targets at all angles. For example, a Royal Navy battleship of the
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combined the secondary battery with the heavy anti-aircraft guns, creating a dual-purpose secondary battery. They discarded the dedicated, anti-ship secondary batteries altogether, because a battle-line fleet would be screened against cruisers and destroyers most of the time. Also, it was deemed
287:, and lies forty miles from the entrance, off which we arrived on the 24th April. The daylight passage of the convoy and escort through this waterway, speed five knots, on a steady course and with mountains rising steeply either side, presented an alluring invitation to enemy aircraft.
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attacks persisted to the end, but the fire of the destroyers, although limited to an elevation of forty degrees, was enough to keep the enemy just too high for their standard of marksmanship. Not a ship received a direct hit, though some were damaged by the splinters from near
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to complement their heavy main armaments. Later, such guns began to be added to smaller vessels as their primary gun armament, and with the progression of ship design away from heavy-caliber guns, today nearly all main gun armaments are of dual-purpose nature.
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for use against enemy destroyers of 152 mm to 203 mm (6 inch to 8 inch); heavy anti-aircraft guns of 76 mm to 127 mm (3 inch to 5 inch), which could create barrages to knock out airplanes at a distance; finally, light rapid-fire
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class guns to engage dive and high altitude bombers but they were still effective in engaging low altitude, level, and torpedo bombers and could still provide barrage fire over other ships being attacked by dive bombers. Admiral
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in four Mark 22 Single
Purpose (surface action only) twin mounts, limited to 35 degrees elevation, but with no provision for A.A. fire control and no on-mount fuze setters. The 40-degree elevation did limit the ability of the
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Second World War-era capital ships had four classes of artillery: the heavy main battery, intended to engage opposing battleships and cruisers of 305 mm to 457 mm (12 inch to 18 inch); a
1324:, p.32: Diagram of High Level Bomber Attack: A 240mph target, at 12 thousand feet altitude could expect to be under for fire about 75 seconds, from the time it enters the effective range of the
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until it flies to within the minimum range of a 5.25 gun elevated to 70 degrees. A Tribal class destroyer would be able to engage the same target for about 37 seconds.
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on display at the
National Museum of the Pacific War. The gun had a range of over 6 miles and could fire 22 rounds a minute.
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Not all dual-purpose guns have high elevation. The determining factor was whether or not the mounting was provided with an
246:, twin CP Mk. XIX and later mountings limited to 40, 50 or 55 degrees elevation, however, the guns were controlled by an
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and the mountings were provided with A.A. shell fuze setters. The USN had developed a similar class of destroyer, the
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Most modern dual-purpose guns are in the 76 mm to 127 mm (3-inch to 5-inch) medium-caliber range.
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5.25-inch (133 mm) guns that could engage either enemy ships or high level aircraft, as necessary.
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and a method for setting the time fuze in the A.A. warhead, fired by the gun. Starting with the
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describes the use of 4.7 inch Mark XII guns against aircraft during the 1940
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Class of naval artillery for engaging both air and surface targets
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of 20 mm to 40 mm (.787 inch to 1.57 inch) and
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of 12.7 mm to 14.5 mm (.50 inch to .58 inch).
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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401:FinspĂĄng 57 mm QF naval gun L/55 model 1889
157:designed to engage both surface and air targets.
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140:Mark 37 Modification 6 5-inch dual-purpose gun
424:Bofors 57 mm naval gun L/21 model 1916
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259:Mk 12 5-inch/38-caliber (127 mm) guns
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
298:Dual-purpose guns, often abbreviated to
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14:
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813:Bofors 120 mm Naval Automatic Gun L/50
475:Bofors 57 mm Naval Automatic Gun L/70
449:Bofors 57 mm Naval Automatic Gun L/60
321:for "High Angle/Low Angle" was used.
60:adding citations to reliable sources
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1316:, Almark Publishing Co. Ltd, 1971,
1151:Canon de 130 mm Modèle 1932 et 1935
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1225:138.6 millimetres (5.46 in)
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1121:130 millimetres (5.1 in)
965:127 millimetres (5.0 in)
809:120 millimetres (4.7 in)
761:QF 4.5-inch Mk I – V naval gun
653:100 millimetres (3.9 in)
627:100 millimetres (3.9 in)
601:100 millimetres (3.9 in)
575:100 millimetres (3.9 in)
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891:Otobreda 127mm/54 compact gun
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471:57 millimetres (2.2 in)
445:57 millimetres (2.2 in)
421:57 millimetres (2.2 in)
398:57 millimetres (2.2 in)
372:40 millimetres (1.6 in)
346:40 millimetres (1.6 in)
1341:, London, 1960, p.40 and 44.
1125:Type H/PJ38 130 mm naval gun
969:12.7 cm/40 Type 89 naval gun
939:127 millimetres (5 in)
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887:127 millimetres (5 in)
317:In British service the term
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943:12.7 cm/50 Type 3 naval gun
839:QF 4.7-inch Mk IX & XII
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1138:People's Republic of China
783:4.45 inches (113 mm)
757:4.45 inches (113 mm)
735:QF 4 inch Mk XIX naval gun
709:QF 4 inch Mk XVI naval gun
618:People's Republic of China
579:10 cm/65 Type 98 naval gun
283:is approached through the
1293:"5"/38 (12.7 cm) Mark 12"
1047:5"/54-caliber Mark 42 gun
861:4.7 inches (119 mm)
835:4.7 inches (119 mm)
731:4 inches (101.6 mm)
705:4 inches (101.6 mm)
679:4 inches (101.6 mm)
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325:List of dual-purpose guns
185:During World War II, the
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605:Type 79 100 mm naval gun
248:A.A. fire control system
1314:Tribal Class Destroyers
1255:6"/47-caliber Mk 16 gun
1251:6 inches (152 mm)
1099:5"/62-caliber Mk 45 gun
1095:5 inches (127 mm)
1073:5"/54-caliber Mk 45 gun
1069:5 inches (127 mm)
1043:5 inches (127 mm)
1021:5"/54-caliber Mk 16 gun
1017:5 inches (127 mm)
991:5 inches (127 mm)
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787:4.5-inch Mk 8 naval gun
172:anti-aircraft batteries
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1177:QF 5.25-inch Mk 1 gun
917:Otobreda 127mm/64 gun
350:Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun
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244:4.7 inch QF Mark XII
56:improve this article
501:76 mm/62 Allargato
338:Country of origin
273:campaign in Norway
218:anti-aircraft guns
180:heavy machine guns
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71:"Dual-purpose gun"
1355:List of artillery
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995:5"/38-caliber gun
908:Cold War–present
214:surface combatant
176:automatic cannons
167:secondary battery
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112:December 2009
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45:This article
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1296:. Retrieved
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1203:135mm/45 gun
670:Soviet Union
566:Soviet Union
335:Weapon name
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240:Tribal class
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207:Kriegsmarine
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54:Please help
49:verification
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29:
1012:1934–1990s
726:1936–1950s
700:1914–1940s
308:battleships
257:with eight
195:French Navy
161:Description
1272:1937–1992
1246:1934–1954
1220:1940–1972
1194:1940–1966
1168:1935-1942
1038:1945–1993
986:1932-1945
960:1928–1966
882:1941–1970
856:1928–1970
830:1952–1985
466:1952–1990
281:Aandalsnes
197:, and the
191:Royal Navy
82:newspapers
1298:29 August
229:QF Mark I
1364:Category
1349:See also
1312:Hodges,
332:Calibre
304:cruisers
292:misses."
155:mounting
341:Period
300:DP guns
289:Junkers
187:US Navy
96:scholar
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927:
901:
875:
849:
826:Sweden
823:
797:
771:
745:
719:
693:
667:
644:France
641:
615:
589:
563:
553:AK-176
537:
511:
488:Sweden
485:
462:Sweden
459:
436:Sweden
433:
389:Sweden
386:
363:Sweden
360:
264:Tribal
253:Porter
193:, the
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
18:DP gun
1279:Notes
1216:Italy
982:Japan
956:Japan
930:Italy
904:Italy
592:Japan
540:Italy
514:Italy
319:HA/LA
255:class
225:class
150:is a
103:JSTOR
89:books
1326:HACS
1318:ISBN
1300:2007
306:and
205:The
138:The
75:news
58:by
1366::
189:,
146:A
1302:.
275::
125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
20:)
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