311:
161:
365:
694:
52:
725:
818:
31:
804:
252:
All representatives of the
Cypripedioideae are perennial, herbaceous plants. The fleshy roots sometimes possess a veil. The leaves are arranged spirally or in two rows, the shoot is slender or compressed. In the bud, the leaves are rolled and the leaf blade is plikat (folded) or the leaves are folded
287:
species. The middle, barren stamen is shield-shaped widened. The fruits are mostly capsule fruits, with
Selenipedium they are berry-like. They contain numerous flattened seeds, about a millimeter long and 0.1 millimeters wide. In contrast, the seeds of Selenipedium are lens-shaped and have a hard
330:
The species in the subfamily
Cypripedioideae are found in northern South America and Central America (Mexipedium, Phragmipedium, Selenipedium), circumboreal in North America, Europe, Africa (Algeria) and in northern Asia (Cypripedium) as well as in subtropical and tropical Southeast Asia
306:
The species in this subfamily form trap flowers in which insect access to the saclike lip from the front is quite easy. The inside is designed in such a way that the insects climb out of the flower past the stigma and the stamens and thereby pollinate the flower.
741:
Walid, Nemer & Rebbas, Khellaf & Krouchi, Faiza. (2019). DĂ©couverte de
Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae) au Djurdjura (Algérie), nouvelle pour l’Afrique du Nord. Flora Mediterranea. 29. 207-214. 10.7320/FlMedit29.207.
280:
is large and convex, the central lobe of the stigma is larger than the two lateral ones. The two lateral stamens are fertile, the pollen grains are glued together to form a paste or formed into connected pollinia in some
676:
469:
is quite easy to cultivate and therefore is popular among orchid enthusiasts. In fact, over-collection of this genus has been so extensive that many species are now sub-viable in their natural habitats.
361:
and DNA sampling have come to play an increasingly important role in classification. This has led to the conclusion that recognition of a distinct family
Cypripediaceae would be inappropriate.
540:
695:"Phylogenetic relationships within Orchidaceae based on a low-copy nuclear coding gene, Xdh: Congruence with organellar and nuclear ribosomal DNA results"
520:
1006:
945:
310:
751:
331:(Paphiopedilum). They do not occur in Australia and Africa. The spread could have started from a center of origin in Central America.
906:
911:
430:
260:
of the
Cypripedioideae are terminal and mostly unbranched. The flowers are spiral or in two lines on the shoot, they are
768:
790:
607:
1001:
950:
808:
932:
264:. The petals are in two threefold circles, with mostly two petals of the outer circle are completely fused. The
150:
357:), or whether they should compose a separate family altogether called Cypripediaceae. Around the year 2000,
160:
51:
624:"Découverte de Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae) au Djurdjura (Algérie), nouvelle pour l'Afrique du Nord"
268:
forms a sac-like structure. The ovary is under constant and one-chambered or three-chambered. Two fertile
898:
893:
340:
884:
822:
996:
477:, found across northern South and Central America, is also easy to cultivate as it requires lower
358:
846:
769:
Phylogenetics of the slipper orchids (Cypripedioideae: Orchidaceae): nuclear rDNA ITS sequences
314:
370:
963:
449:
genus, consisting of a single species that was found in a single locality in Oaxaca, Mexico.
434:
8:
776:
419:
364:
560:
425:
46:
516:
Hybrids between the genera in this subfamily are placed in the following nothogenera:
958:
786:
717:
662:
Rasmussen, F. N. 1985. "Orchids". In R. M. Dahlgren, H. T. Clifford, and P. F. Yeo ,
645:
603:
265:
253:
in the bud, smooth and leathery. There is no dividing tissue between leaf and shoot.
244:, thus fertilizing the flower. There are approximately 165 species in the subfamily.
229:
709:
635:
498:
446:
277:
225:
89:
713:
973:
458:
273:
76:
990:
869:
649:
502:
473:
453:
394:
299:
291:
Chromosome numbers vary within the subfamily over a wide range from 2n=20 in
283:
257:
214:
210:
102:
349:— they are "diandrous". For that reason, experts have debated whether this
721:
616:
493:
379:
261:
220:
781:
Pridgeon, A. M.; Cribb, P. J.; Chase, M. W. & F. N. Rasmussen (1999):
640:
623:
919:
878:
478:
389:
354:
318:
293:
202:
182:
112:
677:
DNA Data and
Orchidaceae Systematics: A New Phylogenetic Classification
581:
Hybrids with genera outside of the subfamily are not known as of 2017.
486:
441:
276:
are fused into a complex structure. The stylus is short and thick, the
206:
924:
414:
241:
237:
178:
840:
675:
K. W. Dixon, S. P. Kell, R. L. Barrett and P. J. Cribb (eds) 2003. "
863:
817:
937:
835:
236:– the pouch traps insects so they are forced to climb up past the
30:
767:
Cox, A. V., A. M. Pridgeon, V. A. Albert, and M. W. Chase. 1997.
406:
830:
683:. pp. 69–89. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
803:
402:
398:
346:
269:
233:
122:
752:
Alphabetical One-Table List of Genera and
Intergeneric Hybrids
462:
350:
198:
63:
345:
Unlike most other orchids, slipper orchids have two fertile
410:
988:
692:
353:should be classified within the orchid family (
224:. They are characterised by the slipper-shaped
634:. Fondazione Pro Herbario Mediterraneo. 2019.
693:GĂłrniak, M.; Paun, O.; Chase, M. W. (2010).
1007:Provincial symbols of Prince Edward Island
159:
29:
639:
597:
363:
309:
511:
240:, behind which they collect or deposit
989:
845:
844:
702:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
754:, Royal Horticultural Society, 2017.
457:, found in the tropical forests of
303:. The chromosomes are quite large.
13:
761:
664:The families of the monocotyledons
461:reaching as far north as southern
14:
1018:
796:
409:has been discovered in 2019) and
378:The subfamily Cypripedioideae is
816:
802:
429:) is the official flower of the
197:. Cypripedioideae includes the
50:
773:Plant Systematics and Evolution
325:
745:
735:
686:
669:
656:
591:
247:
1:
584:
485:, eliminating the need for a
417:is the showy lady's slipper (
382:and consists of five genera:
168:Cypripedioideae genera range
151:Taxonomy of the orchid family
423:); the pink lady's slipper (
38:Slipper orchid of the genus
7:
831:The Slipper Orchid Alliance
714:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.03.003
341:Taxonomy of the Orchidaceae
334:
297:to 26 to 44 chromosomes in
10:
1023:
666:. Springer Verlag, Berlin.
338:
853:
785:Vol. 1, Oxford U. Press.
397:, as well as in parts of
167:
158:
147:
142:
47:Scientific classification
45:
37:
28:
23:
1002:Asparagales subfamilies
393:, found across much of
368:Lady's slipper orchid (
359:molecular phylogenetics
413:. The state flower of
375:
322:
187:lady's slipper orchids
24:Lady's slipper orchid
641:10.7320/flmedit29.207
371:Cypripedium calceolus
367:
313:
813:at Wikimedia Commons
783:Genera Orchidacearum
512:Intergeneric hybrids
435:Prince Edward Island
315:Pink lady's slippers
191:lady slipper orchids
16:Subfamily of orchids
836:SlipperOrchids.info
681:Orchid Conservation
600:The Slipper Orchids
420:Cypripedium reginae
628:Flora Mediterranea
426:Cypripedium acaule
376:
323:
272:, a staminode and
185:commonly known as
984:
983:
959:Open Tree of Life
847:Taxon identifiers
807:Media related to
598:Cash, C. (1991).
431:Canadian province
172:
171:
138:
1014:
977:
976:
967:
966:
954:
953:
941:
940:
928:
927:
915:
914:
902:
901:
889:
888:
887:
874:
873:
872:
842:
841:
821:Data related to
820:
806:
755:
749:
743:
739:
733:
732:
730:
724:. Archived from
699:
690:
684:
673:
667:
660:
654:
653:
643:
620:
614:
613:
602:. Timber Press.
595:
163:
136:
55:
54:
33:
21:
20:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1011:
997:Cypripedioideae
987:
986:
985:
980:
972:
970:
962:
957:
949:
944:
936:
931:
923:
918:
910:
905:
897:
892:
885:Cypripedioideae
883:
882:
877:
868:
867:
862:
855:Cypripedioideae
849:
824:Cypripedioideae
810:Cypripedioideae
799:
764:
762:Further reading
759:
758:
750:
746:
740:
736:
728:
697:
691:
687:
674:
670:
661:
657:
622:
621:
617:
610:
596:
592:
587:
543:Cyphragmipedium
514:
401:(one species),
343:
337:
328:
250:
195:slipper orchids
175:Cypripedioideae
135:
133:Cypripedioideae
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1020:
1010:
1009:
1004:
999:
982:
981:
979:
978:
968:
955:
942:
929:
916:
903:
890:
875:
859:
857:
851:
850:
839:
838:
833:
828:
827:at Wikispecies
814:
798:
797:External links
795:
794:
793:
779:
775:208: 197–223.
763:
760:
757:
756:
744:
734:
731:on 2019-12-31.
708:(2): 784–795.
685:
668:
655:
615:
608:
589:
588:
586:
583:
579:
578:
563:Phragmipaphium
558:
538:
513:
510:
509:
508:
507:
506:
490:
489:in many areas.
470:
459:southeast Asia
450:
438:
339:Main article:
336:
333:
327:
324:
249:
246:
170:
169:
165:
164:
156:
155:
145:
144:
140:
139:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
93:
92:
87:
80:
79:
74:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1019:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
992:
975:
969:
965:
960:
956:
952:
947:
943:
939:
934:
930:
926:
921:
917:
913:
908:
904:
900:
895:
891:
886:
880:
876:
871:
865:
861:
860:
858:
856:
852:
848:
843:
837:
834:
832:
829:
826:
825:
819:
815:
812:
811:
805:
801:
800:
792:
791:0-19-850513-2
788:
784:
780:
778:
774:
770:
766:
765:
753:
748:
738:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
696:
689:
682:
678:
672:
665:
659:
651:
647:
642:
637:
633:
629:
625:
619:
611:
609:0-88192-183-1
605:
601:
594:
590:
582:
577:
576:Phragmipedium
573:
572:Paphiopedilum
569:
565:
564:
559:
557:
556:Phragmipedium
553:
549:
545:
544:
539:
537:
536:Paphiopedilum
533:
529:
525:
524:
523:Cyphiopedilum
519:
518:
517:
504:
503:South America
500:
496:
495:
491:
488:
484:
483:Paphiopedilum
480:
476:
475:
474:Phragmipedium
471:
468:
467:Paphiopedilum
464:
460:
456:
455:
454:Paphiopedilum
451:
448:
444:
443:
439:
436:
432:
428:
427:
422:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:North America
392:
391:
387:
386:
385:
384:
383:
381:
373:
372:
366:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
342:
332:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
302:
301:
300:Paphiopedilum
296:
295:
289:
286:
285:
284:Phragmipedium
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:inflorescence
254:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
222:
217:
216:
215:Phragmipedium
212:
211:Paphiopedilum
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
166:
162:
157:
154:
152:
149:See text and
146:
141:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
77:Tracheophytes
75:
72:
69:
68:
65:
62:
59:
58:
53:
48:
44:
41:
40:Paphiopedilum
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
854:
823:
809:
782:
772:
747:
737:
726:the original
705:
701:
688:
680:
671:
663:
658:
631:
627:
618:
599:
593:
580:
575:
571:
567:
562:
555:
551:
547:
542:
535:
531:
527:
522:
515:
494:Selenipedium
492:
482:
479:temperatures
472:
466:
452:
440:
424:
418:
388:
380:monophyletic
377:
369:
344:
329:
326:Distribution
305:
298:
292:
290:
282:
255:
251:
221:Selenipedium
219:
201:
194:
190:
186:
174:
173:
148:
132:
96:
83:
70:
39:
18:
920:iNaturalist
879:Wikispecies
552:Cypripedium
532:Cypripedium
497:, found in
390:Cypripedium
355:Orchidaceae
319:Nova Scotia
294:Cypripedium
288:seed coat.
262:resupinated
248:Description
203:Cypripedium
129:Subfamily:
123:Orchidaceae
113:Asparagales
90:Angiosperms
991:Categories
585:References
487:greenhouse
442:Mexipedium
228:(modified
207:Mexipedium
650:1120-4052
447:monotypic
415:Minnesota
405:(only in
238:staminode
232:) of the
179:subfamily
60:Kingdom:
971:VASCAN:
938:331022-2
864:Wikidata
777:Abstract
722:20211743
335:Taxonomy
321:, Canada
266:labellum
242:pollinia
119:Family:
103:Monocots
870:Q132226
568:Phrphm.
499:Central
407:Algeria
347:anthers
270:stamens
234:flowers
230:labella
226:pouches
183:orchids
143:Genera
137:Kostel.
109:Order:
64:Plantae
964:852744
951:158330
925:211065
899:275406
789:
720:
648:
606:
403:Africa
399:Europe
278:stigma
199:genera
729:(PDF)
698:(PDF)
528:Cphd.
481:than
463:China
351:clade
274:style
177:is a
97:Clade
84:Clade
71:Clade
946:NCBI
933:IPNI
912:1813
907:GRIN
894:BOLD
787:ISBN
718:PMID
679:".
646:ISSN
604:ISBN
570:) =
550:) =
548:Cgd.
530:) =
501:and
445:, a
411:Asia
256:The
218:and
974:323
710:doi
636:doi
465:.
433:of
317:in
193:or
181:of
993::
961::
948::
935::
922::
909::
896::
881::
866::
771:.
716:.
706:56
704:.
700:.
644:.
632:29
630:.
626:.
574:Ă—
561:Ă—
554:Ă—
541:Ă—
534:Ă—
521:Ă—
213:,
209:,
205:,
189:,
153:.
99::
86::
73::
712::
652:.
638::
612:.
566:(
546:(
526:(
505:.
437:.
374:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
