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1078:. However, the country had a limited capacity for widespread rescues due to insufficient helicopters. In some locations, the floodwaters were so strong that boats were unable to operate search and rescue missions. Residents left homeless by the storm were forced to stay in churches and schools, although some residents in the country's capital, Maputo, provided a spare bedroom. Citizens in the city also provided clothing to those who lost their homes in the flood. About 2,000 residents from the flooded town of Chokwe walked 40 km (25 mi) to receive shelter in Macie. Following the storm, the residual floodwaters contributed to outbreaks of malaria and cholera, with malaria infections at four times the usual rate killing at least 11 people. Areas in southern Mozambique also lost access to clean water, furthering dehydration and illnesses. In addition, the
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helicopters from South Africa, six helicopters with crews along with 100 motorboats from the United
Kingdom, ten helicopters from Germany, and two from Malawi. Many residents in flooded areas initially had to hold onto trees and roofs due to lack of helicopters, with 100,000 people needing rescue as of March 1. After the floodwaters receded, the need for rescue diminished, allowing families to return home, although helicopters were still required to airlift relief goods. Emergency road repairs allowed supplies to be delivered by road in some areas by March 5. The United States sent a crew of 700 soldiers in what became Task Force Atlas Response, a $ 37 million operation to coordinate disaster relief, rebuild roads, deliver crop seed, and drop off aid. This was ordered by U.S. President
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with very powerful winds, although there were no direct observations of the strongest winds. In Beira, the closest major city to the landfall point, winds reached storm force. However, the rainfall from Eline was the most impacting following the preexisting flooding, which were the worst since 1951. The floods were beginning to recede by the time Eline arrived, and by the end of
February 2000, the situation was considered the country's worst natural disaster in a century. Flooding continued for days after Eline moved through southern Africa due to waters flowing downstream from neighboring countries. By early March the floods were beginning to recede again, leaving behind a deep layer of mud, ponds of contaminated water, and piles of rotten corpses.
747:, forcing a boat of about 500 refugees to be escorted to port. Later, Eline brought wind gusts of 76 km/h (47 mph) to St. Brandon. On Mauritius, the cyclone produced wind gusts of 137 km/h (85 mph), along with heavy rainfall that peaked at 405 mm (15.9 in) at Sans Souci. This rainfall was about 70% of the average February precipitation total. After Eline began restrengthening and turned more to the southwest, officials on Réunion declared a red alert, but this was dropped when the cyclone passed the island. Ultimately, the storm brushed the island with gusts of 101 km/h (63 mph) along the coast, and 187 km/h (116 mph) in the mountainous peak of
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791:, a village in eastern Madagascar, Eline killed six people. Heavy rainfall in the central portion of the nation caused landslides and flooding. Flooding also occurred in the west coast near Belo. The storm blocked portions of at least four highways. Nationwide, the storm left about 10,000 people homeless, with about 1,500 people forced to stay in storm shelters. Damage to public buildings was estimated at $ 300,000 (2000 USD). Nationwide, Eline killed at least 64 people and affected about a half-million people affected.
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crossed into eastern
Zimbabwe. The heavy rains caused rivers to overflow their banks. Officials opened flood gates along several dams to maintain their integrity, which increased flooding downstream, including in Mozambique. However, eight dams that were used for irrigation purposes were destroyed. The storm destroyed over 3,800 homes in the eastern portion of the country while killing 17,000 heads of livestock. Flooding also washed away roads, bridges, and some power lines.
1059:, requested for additional aid after the storm struck, asking for $ 65 million for both reconstruction and emergency aid, and later increasing the request to $ 160 million. By the end of February 2000, various countries had pledged $ 13.5 million to Mozambique, well short of the required needs, but that rose to nearly $ 119 million by March 17. By March 4, 39.6 tons of various relief goods reached the country, to be distributed from the towns of
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600:
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727:, which lasted 36 days in the basin. The MFR noted that Eline was the strongest cyclone to strike the nation in several decades. The storm was uncommon in its landfall on mainland Africa; only 5% of storms in the basin do so, and most that cross or form in the Mozambique Channel turn to the south. Eline was unusual in maintaining its identity so far inland, aided by increased moisture and enhanced upper-level environmental conditions over southern Africa.
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Overall, the preceding floods and Eline caused about 700 deaths, half of whom in Chokwe. with damage estimated at $ 500 million (2000 USD). At least 17 people died directly due to Eline, although many bodies were washed away and unable to be counted. The cyclone and the floods disrupted much of the economic progress
Mozambique had made in the 1990s since the end of its
820:
1018:. Nearby Botswana donated 15 million litres of fuel to the country to help with their recovery. Although Botswana was affected by the floods, their government was able to provide food and relief to the storm victims. In South Africa, families were forced to keep corpses in their houses due to the ongoing flooding. The country's government authorized R7.1 million (
1022:, US$ 1.1 million) to pay for emergency assistance. Limpopo Province was declared a disaster area. The South African government issued a warning on March 1, stating that flood refugees from Mozambique would be deported if they entered illegally. The country of Australia donated $ 250,000 to assist relief work in both Zimbabwe and South Africa.
961:, maize, and other vegetables. At least 21 people died in the country, and about 80,000 people were left homeless, forcing many people into churches and schools. Damage in Limpopo Province alone was estimated at $ 300 million (USD), with crop damage estimated at $ 11 million. Flooding began receding by the end of February.
972:. Farther west, rainfall rates of 50–100 mm (2.0–3.9 in) were also reported in Botswana. In Namibia, Eline's rainfall contributed to the third wettest summer in 50 years, as well as the wettest since 1976. Several locations in the southern portion of the country reported daily rainfall rates of 60 mm (2.4 in).
612:, and the JTWC operationally downgraded it to a tropical depression. Later that day, however, a decrease in shear allowed thunderstorms to refire. On 13 February, a weakness in the ridge caused the storm to turn back to the west-southwest. Moving back beneath an anticyclone, conditions became more favorable for strengthening, allowing
657:, still maintaining good outflow. With warm waters and a favorable upper-level environment, the depression quickly re-intensified as convection increased. At 12:00 UTC on 19 February, Eline re-attained moderate tropical storm status. While in the central Mozambique Channel, Eline passed about 35 km (22 mi) north of
584:, not on satellite imagery. On the same day, the JTWC upgraded Leon to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane, estimating 1‑minute winds of 140 km/h (87 mph). A trough passing to the south increased wind shear, causing the storm to weaken. Around that time, Leon passed about 510 km (320 mi) south of the
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In addition to the floods, strong winds blew away many roofs and some entire houses made of mud, leaving thousands of people homeless. The combined effects of the preceding floods and Eline left about 463,000 people displaced or homeless, including 46,000 children five years old or younger.
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reported winds of 100 km/h (62 mph), and winds in the capital were likely stronger. Eline also dropped heavy rainfall, with a 24‑hour total of 131 mm (5.2 in) at Ivato airport. The rains also caused flooding along
Madagascar's west coast, which is usually spared from precipitation
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Only 13 days after Eline struck the country, Cyclone Gloria also hit northeastern
Madagascar, bringing additional damage and flooding. The two storms collectively killed at least 140 people, although there was initial uncertainty in the toll due to disrupted communications. Floods from the
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about 180 km (110 mi) to the northwest, with the storm's small structure sparing the island from the strongest winds. Early on 16 February, Eline attained tropical cyclone status, with 10‑minute winds of 120 km/h (75 mph), while passing about 160 km (99 mi) northwest of
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operated airlifts of food to flooded areas. The World Food
Programme approved $ 2 million to help airlifting 53,000 metric tons of food. A fleet of 29 helicopters had rescued 14,204 people by March 7 as well as operating airlifting missions. This included 12 planes and
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flew 15 tons of supplies from
Copenhagen, such as medicine, 10.5 tons of food, and equipment to help coordinate relief work. The agency also transported thousands of blankets and water purification tablets from Antananarivo. However, UNICEF faced difficulties in distributing the supplies.
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and later hurricane warnings were issued on 21 February. Flooding had affected the nation since
January, with some areas receiving a year's worth of rainfall in two weeks. Widespread areas were inundated, with about 220,000 people displaced, and about 150 people killed. Eline moved ashore
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epidemic that had killed over 1,000 people. When the storm moved ashore in eastern
Madagascar, Eline produced strong winds along its path, with gusts estimated at 250 km/h (160 mph) by MFR at landfall. However, the storm blew away weather stations near the coast, which made the true
714:
Throughout its duration, Leon-Eline lasted 29 days, a record longevity for a storm in the southern Indian Ocean. The track was over 11,000 km (6,800 mi), or about 25% of the Earth's circumference. However, Eline was in the south-west Indian Ocean for 21 days, which is the third
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Before Eline's final landfall, Mozambique's worst floods since 1951 had killed about 150 people. The additional rainfall and flooding from Eline created the country's worst natural disaster in a century, and disrupted ongoing relief efforts. The combined effects destroyed over 250,000 ha
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isolated the town of Xai-Xai after all connecting roads and the airport were inundated, and the bridge connecting the rest of the region to the south was damaged. Water levels along the river reached as high as 11 m (36 ft) above normal in some areas, as well as 15 km (9.3 mi)
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warehouse in the city. Also in Beira, the combination of strong winds and waves sank five ships in the harbor, including one at the entrance; this halted port traffic for about two weeks. Floods submerged the primary highway connecting the north and south of the country, and damaged several other
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of 992 mbar (29.3 inHg). Shortly thereafter, the storm turned more to the west-northwest due to a strengthening ridge to the south. A brief increase in wind shear delayed the strengthening trend, but Eline resumed intensifying on 21 February while slowly approaching southeastern Africa.
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Immediately after Eline struck Madagascar, the government began distributing relief items, such as rice, tents, and sheets. On 21 February, survey flights helped indicate the extent of damage across the nation. Supplies were distributed by road from Antananarivo to the worst affected areas, with
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The MFR issued a gale warning for Zimbabwe in anticipation of strong winds well inland. However, the Zimbabwe government did not issue any storm warnings until the storm moved over the country. Due to Eline maintaining a well-defined structure, it brought strong winds and heavy rainfall when it
637:
Upon becoming a tropical cyclone, Eline was still encountering wind shear and dry air. Despite these factors, the eye became better defined and the storm intensified as upper-level conditions improved. The cyclone turned more to the west toward Madagascar, despite a weakness in the ridge to the
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Early on 5 February, the BoM upgraded Leon to a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone on the Australian scale, estimating 10‑minute winds of 120 km/h (75 mph). At 22:00 UTC that day, the agency estimated an initial peak of 140 km/h (87 mph). On 6 February, the cyclone
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over three days, causing the Limpopo River to reach its highest level in 15 years. Officials opened dams along the river to prevent structural damage, which caused higher levels along the river to the east. At least 21 people died in the country, and about 80,000 people were left
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later the same day. At 00:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC upgraded Eline to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane with 1‑minute winds of 120 km/h (75 mph). The MFR held off upgrading the storm, due to a passing trough increasing wind shear again. On 14 February, Eline passed about
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Province, a station recorded 284 mm (11.2 in) of rainfall in just 24 hours. Officials opened dams along the Limpopo River to prevent structural damage, which caused higher levels along the river to the east. However, 16 dams failed in the country, causing further damage to
849:, and about 40,000 cattle died nationwide, with many chickens and goats also killed. Many schools were closed after the storm, including 308 due to damage and others that housed storm victims. The storm knocked over telegraph power lines and caused widespread power and water outages from
1102:
flew seeds and tools to help 26,260 farmers regrow their damaged crops. The United Kingdom assisted by canceling the country's $ 150 million debt earlier than scheduled, and urged other nations to follow suit; Italy canceled its $ 500 million debt in March. On 24 February, the
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sent about 35 tons of supplies, such as medicine, water purifying devices, and food. The World Food Programme flew about 400 tons of food to affected residents across the country, including 25 tons to Mahanoro. Due to the combined impacts of Eline and Gloria, the government of
607:
Over the subsequent few days, wind shear caused the convection to wax and wane over Eline's center, limiting the thunderstorms to the southern periphery. The track shifted more to the west-northwest. On 11 February, Eline had weakened into a minimal tropical storm according to the MFR, about
351:
after rescue helicopters arrived too late to save them. Around 20,000 people in the capital city of Maputo lost their homes. In addition to the floods, strong winds blew away many roofs and some entire houses made of mud. The combined effects of the preceding floods and Eline left about
1248:
affected the same region just two weeks later. The death toll for both storms is 205, with 66 confirmed fatalities related to Gloria, resulting in 139 deaths potentially related to Eline. There were only 17 confirmed fatalities in Mozambique, although the death toll from the cyclone and
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swept away several houses. Along the river, 50,000 people were unaccounted for as of March 1, many of whom were washed away. In nearby Nova Mambone, thousands of people became homeless due to storm flooding, killing at least ten people. About 55 people drowned in
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in the middle of the night and trapping several unprepared residents. Flooding there surpassed the previous water depth record by 2 m (6.6 ft), set in 1977, thus inundating the town up to ceiling of one story buildings. In the city of Inhambane, the flooded
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provided $ 2.5 million to rebuild roads, and later provided an additional $ 15 million. The same agency delayed debt payments for one year. Portugal and Spain canceled $ 150 million and $ 20 million worth of debt, respectively. Through the
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329,000 people displaced or homeless, killed around 700 people, and caused an estimated $ 500 million (USD) in damage. The flooding disrupted much of the economic progress Mozambique had made in the 1990s since the end of its
670:. During that time, the convection organized into an intense eyewall around a well-defined 60 km (37 mi) eye. Eline had re-attained tropical cyclone status at 12:00 UTC of the same day, and 18 hours later reached
253:, traveling over 11,000 km (6,800 mi) during its 29-day track through the Indian Ocean, throughout the month of February. The cyclone formed on 1 February 2000, in the Australian basin as Tropical Cyclone Leon, and was
811:. About 12,000 people in 114 villages were isolated. Rice fields were flooded for over a week, and coffee and banana crops had severe losses. Collectively, 12,230 people were left without access to clean water.
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status. The MFR estimated peak 10‑minute winds of 185 km/h (115 mph); in contrast, the JTWC estimated peak 1‑minute winds of 215 km/h (134 mph), the equivalent of a Category 4 tropical cyclone on the
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363:. Rivers overflowed their banks in the country, damaging crops and houses while leaving 15,000 people homeless. The storm killed 12 people in the country. Flooding from the storm extended southward into
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In Mahanoro, the biggest city near the cyclone's landfall in Madagascar, Eline disrupted power and water supplies while also leaving the town isolated. About 80% of buildings were damaged or destroyed there. In
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1253:
was around 700, with 150 deaths before Eline's arrival. Therefore, there are up to 550 deaths related to the storm in that country. Elsewhere, Eline killed 12 people in Zimbabwe and 21 in South Africa.
588:, while turning more to the west after the ridge strengthened to the south. By 8 February, the circulation was exposed from the rapidly dwindling thunderstorms. At 18:00 UTC that day, Leon crossed
845:
While Eline moved ashore, high winds knocked over coconut trees, destroying over 250,000 ha (620,000 acres) of crop fields in conjunction with the floods. The floods killed 30% of the cows in
638:
south. While approaching the country, Eline quickly intensified, reaching 10‑minute winds of 165 km/h (103 mph) by 18:00 UTC on 17 February. Around that time, the cyclone made
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The Mozambique government worked to evacuate residents in newly flooded areas using boats, and set up 121 camps for evacuees. By early March, there were 35,000 people at camps in
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expressed concern that the floods shifted the locations of landmines left over from the nation's civil war. Later, the remnants of Cyclone Gloria halted relief work due to heavy rainfall.
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By the time Eline struck Mozambique, there was already incoming assistance from the international community, responding to the earlier flooding. Mozambique's president at the time,
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After the storm knocked over 90 power poles, about two-thirds of Beira was without power and water, and two people were killed due to downed power lines. Flooding damaged the
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646:. Eline rapidly weakened over land while moving to the west-southwest, and the JTWC downgraded the storm to tropical depression status within 18 hours of moving ashore.
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struck Madagascar 13 days later, compounding the damage and making it difficult to discern the individual effects. Damage from Eline was estimated at $ 9 million (
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1038:"You know, it may sound ungrateful, but I think (the aid) came too late. We could have saved some more lives if we had this kind of support from the beginning."
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2273:
2344:"FAO GIEWS Special Alert No. 301: Crops wiped out by floods in southern Mozambique and affected population likely to depend on food assistance through 2000"
568:(JTWC) began issuing advisories on the storm as Tropical Cyclone 11S. Around that time, Leon was located about 215 km (134 mi) south-southeast of
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236:
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in the middle of the night and trapping several unprepared residents; this accounted for nearly half of the death toll. About 55 people drowned in
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was covered, and most border crossings were closed. The floods covered roads and caused several houses to collapse, hospitalizing 12 people in
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1209:(2004) – the most intense tropical cyclone recorded in the South-West Indian Ocean which also devastated the same countries affected by Leon–Eline
1672:
C. J. C. Reason; A. Keibel (October 2004). "Tropical Cyclone Eline and Its Unusual Penetration and Impacts over the Southern African Mainland".
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5158:
1291:
980:
232:
572:, moving west-southwestward. With decreasing wind shear, the convection organized into rainbands, signaling that the storm was strengthening.
1197:(1998) – A long-lived tropical cyclone in the South Pacific that eventually regenerated into another long-lasting cyclone in the Indian Ocean
683:, where a central pressure of 989 mbar (29.2 inHg) was recorded. Gusts at landfall were estimated at 260 km/h (160 mph).
380:
Province alone was estimated at $ 300 million (USD). To the north, Eline dropped about 90 mm (3.5 in) of rainfall in southern
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roads and rail lines, halting the region's economy by preventing movement of goods. About 4 km (2.5 mi) of the rail line between
315:, Eline brought high waves, gusty winds, and rainfall to several islands. When Eline struck Madagascar, the country was in the midst of a
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2020:
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Although the winds rapidly decreased after landfall, the storm maintained a well-defined structure as it crossed from Mozambique into
1227:(2023) – The longest-lasting tropical cyclone on record; affected similar areas and caused catastrophic damage and hundreds of deaths
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after rescue helicopters arrived too late to save them. Around 20,000 people in the capital city of Maputo lost their homes.
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and turned to the south, finally dissipating on 29 February. After the circulation dissipated, the residual system merged with a
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929:, the country's third largest city, lost power during Eline's passage. Overall the storm killed 12 people in the country.
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late on 22 February. Weakening to tropical depression status, Eline crossed Zimbabwe and maintained its circulation, entering
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wide, which broke the record for highest crest by 3 m (9.8 ft). A dam broke along the river, flooding the town of
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2849:"CARE helps deliver food to stranded communities in Mozambique assessment is being conducted to determine extent of needs"
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in the region. Over the next few days, the low tracked west-southwestward without much development, moving around a large
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where Eline made landfall, 65% of houses were damaged, 90% of crops were lost, and 75% of health facilities were wrecked.
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into the south-west Indian Ocean, and as result was renamed Eline by the Mauritius Meteorological Service. By that time,
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1067:. The supplies nearly overwhelmed the small airport at Maputo, as lack of distribution caused food to decay in the sun.
1003:. In response, the government of the United Kingdom donated £1.3 million (US$ 1.9 million) to Madagascar. The
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reached 15 km (9.3 mi) wide and 11 m (36 ft) above normal in some areas, which isolated the town of
288:, with 10‑minute winds of 165 km/h (103 mph). The storm rapidly weakened over land, but restrengthened in the
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1215:(2019) – Caused catastrophic damage in southern Africa and became the deadliest tropical cyclone recorded in the region
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1203:(2000) – Another long-lived cyclone that also affected Madagascar and Mozambique, from the same season as Leon–Eline
553:
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1994:
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The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data
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327:), and collectively the two storms killed 205 people and left another 10,000 homeless. In the region around
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donated $ 200,000 to Madagascar on March 10. In addition to Cyclone Gloria striking the country in March,
629:, and shortly thereafter resumed its strengthening after the shear dropped. Later that day, the storm bypassed
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helicopters dropping off aid to isolated communities. After receiving request from the Malagasy government,
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epidemic that killed over 1,000 people. Eline directly killed at least 64 people in the country.
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Elsewhere in Southern Africa, Eline brought strong winds and heavy rainfall when it crossed into eastern
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Early in its duration while it was still in the Australian basin, the cyclone produced high waves near
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2274:"One woman ready to name her baby after the floods; 600 Mozambican families ready to build new lives"
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Madagascar requested for international assistance on March 7, which was coordinated through the
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International Appeal of the Government of Mozambique for Emergency Relief and Initial Rehabilitation
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Kenneth R. Knapp; Michael C. Kruk; David H. Levinson; Howard J. Diamond; Charles J. Neumann (2010).
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751:. Rainfall was heaviest in the mountainous peaks, reaching 1,500 mm (59 in) at Bébourg.
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and South Africa. In the latter country, Eline dropped 503 mm (19.8 in) of rainfall in
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1969:"FAO/GIEWS Special Alert No. 302: Cyclone damage to crops threatens food security in Madagascar"
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1185:(1994) – A strong tropical cyclone that severely impacted Madagascar six years before Leon–Eline
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679:(SSHWS). While at peak intensity, Eline made landfall about 80 km (50 mi) south of
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over three days, causing the Limpopo River to reach its highest level in 15 years. In
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Over a 24‑hour period, the pressure dropped by 45 mbar (1.3 inHg), indicative of
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Réunion. This was nine days after it had weakened to tropical storm status the first time.
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194:
968:. The storm's gusty winds wrecked houses and knocked over trees, causing power outages in
8:
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in 1968, the latter of which lasted 24 days in the basin, later surpassed by 2023's
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on March 2 after criticism that the international assistance was insufficient. The
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on 1 February in the eastern Indian Ocean, about 250 km (160 mi) south of the
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The government of France sent two helicopters with teams of doctors to Madagascar, and
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1221:(2019) – Another Category 4 tropical cyclone that made landfall in northern Mozambique
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2772:"Mozambique: Ross Mountain praised media's role and international solidarity floods"
388:. Farther west, rainfall rates of 50–100 mm (2.0–3.9 in) were reported in
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To the north, Eline dropped about 90 mm (3.5 in) of rainfall in southern
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404:
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
2612:"Dam breaks, flooding Mozambican town; World Relief staff mounts rescue operation"
2027:. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 9 March 2000
795:
two storm inundated 70% of homes and wrecked 70% of the crops in the districts of
276:(MFR) tracked the storm's movement and intensity. Late on 17 February, Eline made
5140:
5135:
1530:
1218:
1182:
946:
889:
796:
716:
667:
620:
to form, with the beginnings of an eye feature. Eline quickly intensified into a
371:. In the latter country, Eline dropped 503 mm (19.8 in) of rainfall in
348:
301:
138:
1044:
735:
5125:
5115:
5079:
5014:
4938:
4837:
4156:
3938:"World Relief begins massive seeds and tool distribution program in Mozambique"
1224:
1206:
958:
724:
505:
250:
1112:, most wealthy nations postponed debt payments for one year on March 16.
853:
to Beira, while also disrupting ongoing relief efforts. The cities of Chokwe,
552:(BoM) upgraded the tropical low to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the
5183:
5069:
5029:
4999:
4953:
4918:
4893:
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4515:
4252:
1200:
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hit eastern Madagascar in early April, causing additional deaths and damage.
1008:
874:
846:
824:
658:
577:
336:
296:. On 22 February, Eline made landfall about 80 km (50 mi) south of
130:
292:
to reach peak 10‑minute winds of 185 km/h (115 mph), making it an
5089:
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4686:
1212:
1109:
1099:
1098:
organization helped reunited separated children from their families, while
1091:
779:
654:
609:
368:
312:
300:, near peak intensity. Eline quickly weakened over land as it moved across
3643:"UN steps up relief efforts in response to further flooding in Mozambique"
1363:
5034:
4350:
4335:
1244:
In Madagascar, Eline killed at least 64 people, although subsequent
1071:
954:
913:
699:
626:
537:
504:
The origins of Cyclone Leon–Eline were from a surge of energy within the
599:
564:
the storm Tropical Cyclone Leon. On the same day at 03:00 UTC, the
544:, allowing convection to increase despite the wind shear. At 22:00
400:
1702:
1104:
703:
560:
of 65 km/h (40 mph). At 04:00 UTC the next day, the BoM
529:
328:
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209:
205:
134:
1329:
273:
933:
850:
788:
630:
517:
364:
3916:"Pentagon mobilizes helicopters, aircraft for Mozambique deployment"
2401:"Southern African ministers call for meeting on disaster management"
908:
649:
After crossing Madagascar for 26 hours, Eline emerged into the
51:
Eline at peak intensity during landfall in Mozambique on 22 February
3119:"Madagascar - Cyclone Eline and Gloria OCHA Situation Report No. 2"
2021:"Madagascar - Cyclone Eline and Gloria OCHA Situation Report No. 4"
1531:
Darwin Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (February 2000).
969:
917:
804:
691:
687:
643:
389:
385:
360:
281:
3841:"100,000 await rescue in Mozambique - on church roofs and bridges"
3699:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
3421:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
3351:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
3123:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
2776:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
2513:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
2461:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
1814:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
1014:
The government of Zimbabwe declared a state of emergency in three
1001:
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
748:
694:
on 24 February. Three days later, the center drifted into eastern
335:(620,000 acres) of crop fields and killed 40,000 cattle. The
2147:
1315:
task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the region.
941:
858:
854:
770:
695:
509:
377:
340:
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305:
249:
was the second longest-lived cyclone in the Indian Ocean, behind
1918:
International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies
984:
Image of United States helicopter flying over flooded Mozambique
3617:"Mozambique: WFP to take food to families marooned on rooftops"
3517:"Mozambique Floods: Concern expands emergency relief operation"
3321:"The Netherlands gives 7 million guilders in aid to Mozambique"
1060:
990:
965:
937:
926:
870:
596:(MFR) estimated 10‑minute winds of 65 km/h (40 mph).
381:
372:
3868:"Immediate risks now facing Mozambique are disease and hunger"
3769:"Germany boosts Mozambique aid, Italian MPS want intervention"
1914:"Madagascar: Cyclones and Floods Information Bulletin No. 01"
1279:
1075:
3721:"More South African aircraft sent to aid flooded Mozambique"
1777:"UNICEF heightens its flood response in stricken Madagascar"
769:
Cyclone Eline struck while Madagascar was in the midst of a
3373:"Donors pledge 13.5m dollars to UN agencies for Mozambique"
2989:"South Africa braces for influx of flood-affected refugees"
1752:"Madagascar faces Mozambique-style floods crisis, UN warns"
1694:
10.1175/1520-0434(2004)019<0789:TCEAIU>2.0.CO;2
521:
428:
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
423:
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
3543:"100 000 still trapped by waters and one million homeless"
2875:"Latest update on floods in Southern Africa 08 March 2000"
2096:"Cyclone reaches Mozambique's southern Inhambane province"
819:
496:, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression
448:
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
443:
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
3990:"Italy plans to cancel 500 mln dlrs of Mozambique's debt"
1644:(Report). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
1048:
945:
irrigation systems. The floodwaters isolated the town of
580:
in the center of the convection that was only visible on
438:
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
3964:"Mozambique: Britain cancels debt in response to floods"
2741:"Mozambique Government launches an international appeal"
2586:"Mozambique: Chokwe flood victims face dam-burst threat"
1810:"Madagascar - Cyclone Eline OCHA Situation Report No. 1"
1724:
1671:
433:
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
2820:"Trocaire launches appeal for Mozambique flood victims"
2638:"Mozambique: Fate of flood victims hangs on meagre aid"
2243:"Mozambique to appeal for aid in wake of Cyclone Eline"
2211:"Mozambique: Amid the filth, the first sign of disease"
1601:"Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary February 2000"
1191:– The second longest-lasting tropical cyclone worldwide
3891:"U.S. Military Relief Effort in Mozambique Winds Down"
3495:"Heroic helicopter pilots pluck Mozambicans to safety"
3195:. ReliefWeb. Pan African News Agency. 29 February 2000
3193:"Botswana Comes To The Rescue Of Zimbabwe, Mozambique"
2964:. ReliefWeb. Pan African News Agency. 28 February 2000
1892:"Cyclones killed 130 in Madagascar: official estimate"
1727:"Sujet E6) Which tropical cyclone lasted the longest?"
4337:
Category 3 Australian region severe tropical cyclones
3244:"South Africa-Mozambique: Refugees will be sent back"
2962:"Pretoria Ready For Rescue Operations In Mozambique"
2483:
MSF: Mozambique, hit by the worst floods in 30 years
1392:. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2011. Archived from
1119:
453:
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
343:. A dam broke along the river, flooding the town of
3723:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 29 February 2000
3497:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 28 February 2000
3375:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 29 February 2000
3299:"Too much, Too late: Aid now pours into Mozambique"
2991:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 28 February 2000
2798:"Mozambique's flood death toll rises to nearly 700"
2179:"People fleeing Chokwe in case of renewed flooding"
2098:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 21 February 2000
2047:"Tropical storm threatens flood-ravaged Mozambique"
1889:
739:
Cyclone Eline approaching Madagascar on February 16
30:"Cyclone Leon" redirects here. For other uses, see
3695:"Mozambique - Floods OCHA Situation Report No. 13"
3397:. ReliefWeb. Pan African News Agency. 4 March 2000
3347:"Mozambique - Floods OCHA Situation Report No. 20"
3173:. ReliefWeb. Pan Africa News Agency. 10 March 2000
3041:"France: Assistance aux populations du Mozambique"
2665:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 4 February 2000
1975:. Food and Agriculture Organization. 10 March 2000
1840:United States Agency for International Development
957:. Eline also damaged crops in the country, namely
3743:"Mozambique: Demand for more disaster assistance"
3469:"Mozambique churches launch emergency aid effort"
2423:"Mozambique Floods: Returning to ruined homes..."
2309:"Latest update on flood alert in southern Africa"
5195:1999–2000 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
5181:
4096:1999–2000 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
3571:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 28 March 2000
3443:"Southern Africa: IRIN News Briefs, 29 February"
3417:Mozambique - Floods OCHA Situation Report No. 10
3012:
2403:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 23 March 2000
2118:"Mozambique floods situation report 29 Feb 2000"
1937:
1935:
1836:"Southern Africa Floods Fact Sheet #9 (FY 2000)"
1390:"Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement"
932:Flooding from the storm extended southward into
528:, or thunderstorms, was initially sparse due to
27:Australian and South-West Indian cyclone in 2000
3992:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 2 March 2000
3918:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 2 March 2000
3819:"Mozambique Airlift Resumes; President Appeals"
3771:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 2 March 2000
3647:United Nations Department of Public Information
3621:United Nations Department of Public Information
3274:Australian Agency for International Development
2800:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 3 April 2000
2457:Mozambique - Floods OCHA Situation Report No. 9
2001:. United Nations Children's Fund. 10 March 2000
1754:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse. 7 March 2000
903:
603:Satellite image of Leon in the Australian basin
4012:"World Bank steps up assistance to Mozambique"
3816:
2375:"Mozambique Emergency Bulletin 3: 07 Mar 2000"
2074:"Mozambique's Chissano urges post-cyclone aid"
2071:
1177:Other tropical cyclones similar to Leon–Eline:
4321:
4079:
3569:"Malaria kills 11 Mozambican flood survivors"
3270:"Australian Assistance for Mozambique Floods"
3145:"Britain sends help as floods hit Madagascar"
2928:
2709:
2208:
1995:"Crops destroyed in Madagascar, UNICEF finds"
1932:
384:, while gusty winds caused a power outage in
3888:
3865:
3789:
2685:"Floodwaters continue to rise in Mozambique"
2640:. ReliefWeb. Mail and Guardian. 1 March 2000
2240:
1859:
1857:
774:landfall intensity unknown. Farther inland,
3171:"OAU Donates 200,000 Dollars To Madagascar"
3067:"Madagascar's disaster stricken population"
1638:2000 Eline:Leon:Leone_Eline (2000032S11115)
5190:1999–2000 Australian region cyclone season
4328:
4314:
4086:
4072:
3395:"Mozambique Shudders Over Another Cyclone"
2956:
2954:
2952:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2560:"Mozambique: IRIN Focus on reconstruction"
2451:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2148:Frances Christie and Joseph Halon (2001).
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1512:(Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology
1334:Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
1288:Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
873:and Zimbabwe was under water. The swollen
730:
220:
45:
4239:
4234:
4227:
4222:
4179:
4174:
4143:
4138:
3293:
3291:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2657:
2655:
2554:
2552:
2426:Action by Churches Together International
2154:. Indianan University Press. p. 16.
1854:
1729:. Records relatifs aux cyclones tropicaux
1701:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1282:, Australia is a branch of the country's
709:
395:
4275:
4270:
3212:
3210:
3149:Department for International Development
2898:
2896:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2173:
2171:
2151:Mozambique & the Great Flood of 2000
2143:
2141:
2139:
1598:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1171:Other tropical cyclones of the same name
979:
907:
818:
734:
598:
399:
4263:
4258:
4167:
4162:
3185:
3093:"Mozambique floods: Update 08 Mar 2000"
2949:
2904:"Another cyclone heads for reeling Moz"
2843:
2841:
2759:
2663:"Cyclone Kills 17 People in Mozambique"
2535:"Cyclone Eline Hits Central Mozambique"
2501:
2440:
2204:
2202:
2200:
1795:
1746:
1744:
861:all had damage to their water systems.
755:remained below 3 m (9.8 ft).
14:
5182:
4191:
4186:
4119:
4114:
3713:
3288:
3015:"Malawi Helicopters Assist Mozambican"
3008:
3006:
2976:
2735:
2733:
2712:"250km/h wind hits flooded Mozambique"
2652:
2549:
2393:
1943:"Madagascar-Mozambique: Floods update"
1771:
1769:
1656:
1533:"Darwin Tropical Diagnostic Statement"
1032:2000 Mozambique flood § Aftermath
147:Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone
5220:Category 3 Australian region cyclones
4309:
4251:
4246:
4203:
4198:
4155:
4150:
4131:
4126:
4067:
4038:"Mozambique: Debt payments suspended"
3783:
3669:"WFP Emergency Report No. 10 of 2000"
3423:(Report). ReliefWeb. 27 February 2000
3218:"WFP Emergency Report No. 09 of 2000"
3207:
3013:Raphael Tenthani (26 February 2000).
2893:
2537:. ReliefWeb. Xinhua. 22 February 2000
2515:(Report). ReliefWeb. 23 February 2000
2489:(Report). ReliefWeb. 23 February 2000
2463:(Report). ReliefWeb. 24 February 2000
2362:
2327:
2292:
2261:
2229:
2168:
2136:
1865:"WFP Emergency Report No. 10 of 2000"
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1408:
1358:
1356:
1047:, Mozambique's former first lady via
608:1,110 km (690 mi) south of
4215:
4210:
3792:"Mozambique asks world for more aid"
3591:"Corpses in water deadly Moz hazard"
3262:
3047:(in French). ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
2838:
2197:
1890:Christian Chadefaux (7 March 2000).
1741:
512:from the northwest, which spawned a
3882:
3817:Emelia Sithole (29 February 2000).
3313:
3003:
2730:
2072:Emelia Sithole (23 February 2000).
1766:
1718:
1499:
304:, finally dissipating over eastern
247:Intense Tropical Cyclone Leon–Eline
40:Intense Tropical Cyclone Leon–Eline
24:
3301:. ReliefWeb. Reuters. 7 March 2000
2929:Chris McGreal (24 February 2000).
2710:Chris McGreal (23 February 2000).
1614:
1575:
1524:
1364:Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Centers
1353:
1080:United Nations Mine Action Service
25:
5251:
4059:
3870:. ReliefWeb. Agence France-Presse
3790:Cynthia Long (29 February 2000).
2348:Food and Agriculture Organization
2241:Cynthia Long (23 February 2000).
1894:. Agence France-Presse. ReliefWeb
1195:Cyclones Katrina and Victor–Cindy
625:85 km (53 mi) south of
554:Australian tropical cyclone scale
5163:
5154:
5153:
4290:
4289:
4104:
4030:
4004:
3982:
2931:"300 000 homeless in Mozambique"
1725:Neal Dorst; Anne-Claire Fontan.
1150:
1136:
1122:
837:Before Eline struck Mozambique,
536:over northwestern Australia. An
488:
478:
468:
311:While moving across much of the
3956:
3930:
3908:
3859:
3833:
3810:
3761:
3735:
3687:
3661:
3635:
3609:
3583:
3561:
3535:
3509:
3487:
3461:
3435:
3409:
3387:
3365:
3339:
3236:
3163:
3137:
3111:
3085:
3059:
3033:
2922:
2867:
2812:
2790:
2703:
2677:
2630:
2604:
2578:
2527:
2475:
2415:
2110:
2088:
2065:
2039:
2013:
1987:
1961:
1906:
1883:
1828:
1318:
1276:Tropical Cyclone Warning Center
1025:
582:Special sensor microwave/imager
3889:Jim Garamone (27 March 2000).
2209:Chris McGreal (7 March 2000).
1781:United Nations Children's Fund
1382:
1297:
1268:
1262:All damage totals are in 2000
1256:
1238:
715:most on record. It was behind
677:Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale
13:
1:
3970:. ReliefWeb. 29 February 2000
3895:American Forces Press Service
3866:Susan Njanji (5 March 2000).
3649:. ReliefWeb. 28 February 2000
3475:. ReliefWeb. 28 February 2000
3449:. ReliefWeb. 29 February 2000
3327:. ReliefWeb. 24 February 2000
3325:Government of the Netherlands
2910:. ReliefWeb. 24 February 2000
2855:. ReliefWeb. 24 February 2000
2826:. ReliefWeb. 24 February 2000
2747:. ReliefWeb. 24 February 2000
2618:. ReliefWeb. 27 February 2000
2315:. ReliefWeb. 28 February 2000
2124:. ReliefWeb. 29 February 2000
1816:. 22 February 2000. ReliefWeb
1542:(2). Bureau of Meteorology: 2
1347:
1085:Soon after the storm struck,
1005:Organisation of African Unity
814:
758:
193:>$ 309 million (2000
1305:Joint Typhoon Warning Center
975:
920:, destroyed by Cyclone Eline
904:Elsewhere in mainland Africa
765:Early 2000 Madagascar floods
566:Joint Typhoon Warning Center
172:215 km/h (130 mph)
119:255 km/h (160 mph)
110:185 km/h (115 mph)
7:
5230:2000 disasters in Australia
1115:
827:in Mozambique in March 2000
776:Ivato International Airport
642:on eastern Madagascar near
548:on 3 February, Australia's
233:1999–2000 Australian region
10:
5256:
4044:. ReliefWeb. 16 March 2000
3944:. ReliefWeb. 23 March 2000
3675:. ReliefWeb. 10 March 2000
3353:. ReliefWeb. 22 March 2000
2778:. ReliefWeb. 17 March 2000
1871:. 10 March 2000. ReliefWeb
1029:
830:
762:
208:, Southern Africa (mainly
29:
5235:2000 disasters in Oceania
5225:Tropical cyclones in 2000
5215:Intense Tropical Cyclones
5149:
5103:
4992:
4876:
4730:
4534:
4343:
4285:
4111:
4102:
4094:Tropical cyclones of the
4018:. ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
3847:. ReliefWeb. 1 March 2000
3749:. ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
3701:. ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
3623:. ReliefWeb. 1 March 2000
3597:. ReliefWeb. 7 March 2000
3549:. ReliefWeb. 2 March 2000
3523:. ReliefWeb. 1 March 2000
3276:. ReliefWeb. 4 March 2000
3250:. ReliefWeb. 1 March 2000
3224:. ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
3151:. ReliefWeb. 8 March 2000
3125:. ReliefWeb. 7 March 2000
3099:. ReliefWeb. 8 March 2000
3073:. ReliefWeb. 9 March 2000
2881:. ReliefWeb. 8 March 2000
2745:World Health Organization
2691:. ReliefWeb. 1 March 2000
2592:. ReliefWeb. 1 March 2000
2566:. ReliefWeb. 6 March 2000
2428:. ReliefWeb. 8 March 2000
2381:. ReliefWeb. 7 March 2000
2350:. ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
2280:. ReliefWeb. 3 March 2000
2185:. ReliefWeb. 4 March 2000
1920:. 9 March 2000. ReliefWeb
1842:. 7 March 2000. ReliefWeb
1783:. 3 March 2000. ReliefWeb
1368:National Hurricane Center
1166:Tropical cyclones in 2000
912:Mankonkoni Bridge on the
540:over the system provided
228:
216:
201:
189:
181:
176:
168:
152:
145:
124:
114:
106:
94:
87:
79:
71:
63:
56:
44:
32:List of storms named Leon
5240:2000 disasters in Africa
5169:Tropical cyclones portal
3071:Médecins Sans Frontières
2590:Médecins Sans Frontières
2487:Médecins Sans Frontières
2183:Médecins Sans Frontières
1481:Cyclone Season 1999–2000
1286:, which is the official
1231:
1130:Tropical cyclones portal
1074:, and another 10,000 in
996:Médecins Sans Frontières
753:Significant wave heights
672:intense tropical cyclone
294:intense tropical cyclone
89:Intense tropical cyclone
3019:Pan African News Agency
1674:Weather and Forecasting
1313:United States Air Force
731:Preparations and impact
556:, estimating 10‑minute
266:South-West Indian Ocean
237:South-West Indian Ocean
5205:Cyclones in Mozambique
5200:Cyclones in Madagascar
4542:Bert-Christelle (1980)
4526:Wilf-Danitza (1979–80)
1563:Cite journal requires
1487:(Report). Meteo-France
1040:
985:
921:
828:
740:
710:Records and statistics
618:central dense overcast
604:
501:
396:Meteorological history
58:Meteorological history
4949:Adeline-Juliet (2005)
4863:Damien-Birenda (1999)
4808:Daryl-Agnielle (1995)
4617:Annette-Jaminy (1984)
4607:Vivienne-Fanja (1984)
3845:Lutheran World Relief
2278:Lutheran World Relief
1949:. IRIN. 10 March 2000
1507:Tropical Cyclone Leon
1284:Bureau of Meteorology
1264:United States dollars
1246:Tropical Storm Gloria
1189:Hurricane John (1994)
1036:
983:
911:
833:2000 Mozambique flood
822:
738:
622:severe tropical storm
602:
550:Bureau of Meteorology
494:Extratropical cyclone
403:
321:Tropical Storm Gloria
4818:Hubert-Coryna (1996)
4461:Robyn-Deborah (1975)
4431:Deidre-Delida (1973)
3821:. ReliefWeb. Reuters
3673:World Food Programme
3222:World Food Programme
3097:World Food Programme
3045:Government of France
2076:. ReliefWeb. Reuters
1869:World Food Programme
415:Saffir–Simpson scale
376:homeless. Damage in
125:Lowest pressure
4848:Victor-Cindy (1998)
1686:2004WtFor..19..789R
1370:. 11 September 2011
702:and an approaching
663:barometric pressure
661:, which recorded a
484:Subtropical cyclone
96:10-minute sustained
41:
5210:2000 in Madagascar
4914:Dianne-Jery (2002)
4783:Pearl-Farah (1994)
2122:US Fund for UNICEF
2053:. 18 February 2000
1309:United States Navy
986:
922:
866:World Food Program
829:
741:
651:Mozambique Channel
605:
502:
290:Mozambique Channel
169:Highest winds
154:1-minute sustained
115:Highest gusts
107:Highest winds
39:
5177:
5176:
4889:Leon–Eline (2000)
4303:
4302:
3595:Mail and Guardian
3547:Mail and Guardian
3521:Concern Worldwide
2935:Mail and Guardian
2908:Mail and Guardian
2716:Mail and Guardian
2379:Save the Children
2215:Mail and Guardian
1144:Madagascar portal
1096:Save the Children
778:near the capital
721:Cyclone Georgette
681:Beira, Mozambique
514:low pressure area
508:that crossed the
298:Beira, Mozambique
244:
243:
16:(Redirected from
5247:
5167:
5157:
5156:
5131:Gabrielle (2023)
4843:Selwyn (1997–98)
4330:
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2069:
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2062:
2060:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1910:
1904:
1903:
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1899:
1887:
1881:
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1878:
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1861:
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1761:
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1669:
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1607:
1596:
1573:
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1566:
1561:
1559:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1537:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1477:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1341:
1332:is the official
1322:
1316:
1301:
1295:
1292:Australian basin
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1251:preceding floods
1242:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1057:Joaquim Chissano
1051:
745:Christmas Island
570:Christmas Island
492:
491:
482:
481:
474:Tropical cyclone
472:
471:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
308:on 29 February.
224:
148:
141:
120:
90:
75:29 February 2000
59:
49:
42:
38:
21:
5255:
5254:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5244:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5145:
5099:
5050:Victoria (2013)
4988:
4984:Nicholas (2008)
4872:
4793:Vivienne (1994)
4726:
4722:Felicity (1989)
4702:Frederic (1988)
4672:Winifred (1986)
4667:Nicholas (1985)
4530:
4516:Peter (1978–79)
4411:Marcelle (1973)
4406:"Flores" (1973)
4339:
4334:
4304:
4299:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4262:
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4255:
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3871:
3864:
3860:
3850:
3848:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3824:
3822:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3796:Disaster Relief
3788:
3784:
3774:
3772:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3752:
3750:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3726:
3724:
3719:
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3714:
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3702:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3678:
3676:
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3662:
3652:
3650:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3626:
3624:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3600:
3598:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3574:
3572:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3552:
3550:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3526:
3524:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3500:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3478:
3476:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3452:
3450:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3378:
3376:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3356:
3354:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3330:
3328:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3304:
3302:
3297:
3296:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3227:
3225:
3216:
3215:
3208:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3102:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3011:
3004:
2994:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2977:
2967:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2950:
2940:
2938:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2858:
2856:
2847:
2846:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2803:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2770:
2769:
2760:
2750:
2748:
2739:
2738:
2731:
2721:
2719:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2653:
2643:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2569:
2567:
2558:
2557:
2550:
2540:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2518:
2516:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2455:
2454:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2373:
2372:
2363:
2353:
2351:
2342:
2341:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2307:
2306:
2293:
2283:
2281:
2272:
2271:
2262:
2252:
2250:
2247:Disaster Relief
2239:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2207:
2198:
2188:
2186:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2146:
2137:
2127:
2125:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2070:
2066:
2056:
2054:
2051:Disaster Relief
2045:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1732:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1670:
1657:
1647:
1645:
1634:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1597:
1576:
1564:
1562:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1543:
1535:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1485:RSMC La Reunion
1479:
1478:
1409:
1399:
1397:
1396:on 26 July 2007
1388:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1323:
1319:
1302:
1298:
1273:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1219:Cyclone Kenneth
1183:Cyclone Geralda
1156:
1151:
1149:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1053:
1042:
1034:
1028:
978:
947:Louis Trichardt
906:
890:Sofala Province
835:
817:
767:
761:
733:
717:Cyclone Alibera
712:
668:rapid deepening
558:sustained winds
500:
499:
498:
497:
489:
486:
479:
476:
469:
466:
460:
459:
455:
454:
450:
449:
445:
444:
440:
439:
435:
434:
430:
429:
425:
424:
420:
418:
409:
405:
398:
349:Sofala Province
302:Southern Africa
260:after crossing
239:cyclone seasons
229:
177:Overall effects
146:
128:
118:
88:
67:1 February 2000
57:
52:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5253:
5243:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5171:
5161:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5141:Kirrily (2024)
5138:
5136:Anggrek (2024)
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5111:Claudia (2020)
5107:
5105:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5075:Frances (2017)
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4909:Claudia (2002)
4906:
4901:
4899:Abigail (2001)
4896:
4891:
4886:
4884:Kirrily (2000)
4880:
4878:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4823:Celeste (1996)
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4788:Quenton (1994)
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4763:Nina (1992–93)
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4743:Vincent (1990)
4740:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4717:Kirrily (1989)
4714:
4709:
4707:Charlie (1988)
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4657:Lindsay (1985)
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4567:Abigail (1982)
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4496:Jack-Io (1977)
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4386:Adeline (1973)
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4341:
4340:
4333:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4310:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4269:
4257:
4245:
4233:
4221:
4209:
4197:
4185:
4173:
4161:
4149:
4137:
4125:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4091:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4068:
4061:
4060:External links
4058:
4056:
4055:
4029:
4003:
3981:
3955:
3929:
3907:
3881:
3858:
3832:
3809:
3782:
3760:
3734:
3712:
3686:
3660:
3634:
3608:
3582:
3560:
3534:
3508:
3486:
3460:
3434:
3408:
3386:
3364:
3338:
3312:
3287:
3261:
3235:
3206:
3184:
3162:
3136:
3110:
3084:
3058:
3032:
3002:
2975:
2948:
2921:
2892:
2866:
2837:
2811:
2789:
2758:
2729:
2702:
2676:
2651:
2629:
2603:
2577:
2548:
2526:
2500:
2474:
2439:
2414:
2392:
2361:
2326:
2291:
2260:
2228:
2196:
2167:
2160:
2135:
2109:
2087:
2064:
2038:
2012:
1986:
1960:
1931:
1905:
1882:
1853:
1827:
1794:
1765:
1740:
1717:
1680:(5): 789–805.
1655:
1613:
1599:Gary Padgett.
1574:
1565:|journal=
1523:
1498:
1407:
1381:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1317:
1296:
1267:
1255:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1225:Cyclone Freddy
1222:
1216:
1210:
1207:Cyclone Gafilo
1204:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1147:
1133:
1117:
1114:
1035:
1027:
1024:
977:
974:
905:
902:
839:storm warnings
831:Main article:
816:
813:
783:by mountains.
763:Main article:
760:
757:
732:
729:
725:Cyclone Freddy
711:
708:
506:monsoon trough
487:
477:
467:
462:
461:
419:
412:
411:
410:
407:
406:
397:
394:
251:Cyclone Freddy
242:
241:
226:
225:
214:
213:
203:
202:Areas affected
199:
198:
191:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
150:
149:
143:
142:
137:); 27.46
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
92:
91:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
54:
53:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5252:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5160:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5126:Seroja (2021)
5124:
5122:
5121:Marian (2021)
5119:
5117:
5116:Damien (2020)
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5102:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5080:Kelvin (2018)
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5045:Sandra (2013)
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5020:Alenga (2011)
5018:
5016:
5015:Carlos (2011)
5013:
5011:
5010:Dianne (2011)
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4939:Harvey (2005)
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4929:Debbie (2003)
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4904:Walter (2001)
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4853:Alison (1998)
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4838:Justin (1997)
4836:
4834:
4833:Rachel (1997)
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4813:Gertie (1995)
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4803:Warren (1995)
4801:
4799:
4798:Violet (1995)
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4729:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4692:Connie (1987)
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4677:Rhonda (1986)
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4662:Margot (1985)
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4647:Isobel (1985)
4645:
4643:
4642:Hubert (1985)
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4622:Ingrid (1984)
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
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4537:
4533:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4451:Jessie (1974)
4449:
4447:
4446:Isobel (1974)
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4426:Cecily (1973)
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:Nellie (1973)
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4391:Kristy (1973)
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4371:Hannah (1972)
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4331:
4326:
4324:
4319:
4317:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4296:
4288:
4287:
4284:
4278:
4266:
4254:
4242:
4230:
4218:
4206:
4194:
4182:
4170:
4158:
4146:
4134:
4122:
4107:
4101:
4097:
4089:
4084:
4082:
4077:
4075:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4043:
4039:
4033:
4017:
4013:
4007:
3991:
3985:
3969:
3965:
3959:
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3933:
3917:
3911:
3896:
3892:
3885:
3869:
3862:
3846:
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3836:
3820:
3813:
3797:
3793:
3786:
3770:
3764:
3748:
3744:
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3722:
3716:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3674:
3670:
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3648:
3644:
3638:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3570:
3564:
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3538:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3496:
3490:
3474:
3470:
3464:
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3438:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3396:
3390:
3374:
3368:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3326:
3322:
3316:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3275:
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3211:
3194:
3188:
3172:
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3150:
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3124:
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3114:
3098:
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3072:
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3016:
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2957:
2955:
2953:
2936:
2932:
2925:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2880:
2879:Christian Aid
2876:
2870:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2842:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2799:
2793:
2777:
2773:
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2690:
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2510:
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2370:
2368:
2366:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2314:
2313:Christian Aid
2310:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2248:
2244:
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2235:
2233:
2216:
2212:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2163:
2161:0-253-33978-2
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2097:
2091:
2075:
2068:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1893:
1886:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1858:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
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1772:
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1247:
1241:
1237:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1201:Cyclone Hudah
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1158:Africa portal
1148:
1145:
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1120:
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1062:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1009:Cyclone Hudah
1006:
1002:
997:
992:
982:
973:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
943:
939:
935:
930:
928:
919:
915:
910:
901:
899:
893:
891:
886:
881:
876:
875:Limpopo River
872:
867:
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
847:Gaza Province
843:
840:
834:
826:
825:Limpopo River
821:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
792:
790:
784:
781:
777:
772:
766:
756:
754:
750:
746:
737:
728:
726:
722:
718:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
673:
669:
664:
660:
659:Europa Island
656:
652:
647:
645:
641:
635:
632:
628:
623:
619:
615:
611:
601:
597:
595:
591:
587:
586:Cocos Islands
583:
579:
576:developed an
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
524:. Associated
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
495:
485:
475:
465:
417:
416:
402:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:Limpopo River
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:; there, the
267:
263:
259:
256:
252:
248:
240:
238:
234:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
204:
200:
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144:
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132:
127:
123:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
55:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
18:Cyclone Eline
5095:Riley (2019)
5070:Olwyn (2015)
5060:Bruce (2013)
5040:Freda (2012)
5030:Heidi (2012)
5025:Errol (2011)
5000:Magda (2010)
4969:Jacob (2007)
4954:Clare (2006)
4944:Willy (2005)
4934:Kerry (2005)
4919:Erica (2003)
4894:Tessi (2000)
4888:
4858:Billy (1998)
4828:Jacob (1996)
4778:Naomi (1993)
4768:Polly (1993)
4753:Daman (1992)
4748:Betsy (1992)
4712:Ilona (1988)
4697:Jason (1987)
4652:Jacob (1985)
4637:Frank (1984)
4612:Willy (1984)
4602:Grace (1984)
4597:Oscar (1983)
4592:Monty (1983)
4587:Naomi (1983)
4557:Paddy (1981)
4547:Freda (1981)
4506:Verna (1977)
4501:Karen (1977)
4491:Irene (1977)
4486:Colin (1976)
4481:Wally (1976)
4471:David (1976)
4456:Selma (1974)
4436:Helen (1974)
4421:Beryl (1973)
4361:Emily (1972)
4356:Daisy (1972)
4180:
4048:22 September
4046:. Retrieved
4041:
4032:
4022:12 September
4020:. Retrieved
4015:
4006:
3994:. Retrieved
3984:
3972:. Retrieved
3967:
3958:
3948:22 September
3946:. Retrieved
3942:World Relief
3941:
3932:
3922:12 September
3920:. Retrieved
3910:
3900:12 September
3898:. Retrieved
3894:
3884:
3874:19 September
3872:. Retrieved
3861:
3849:. Retrieved
3844:
3835:
3823:. Retrieved
3812:
3800:. Retrieved
3795:
3785:
3775:12 September
3773:. Retrieved
3763:
3753:12 September
3751:. Retrieved
3746:
3737:
3725:. Retrieved
3715:
3705:18 September
3703:. Retrieved
3698:
3689:
3679:22 September
3677:. Retrieved
3672:
3663:
3651:. Retrieved
3646:
3637:
3625:. Retrieved
3620:
3611:
3601:19 September
3599:. Retrieved
3594:
3585:
3575:22 September
3573:. Retrieved
3563:
3553:11 September
3551:. Retrieved
3546:
3537:
3525:. Retrieved
3520:
3511:
3499:. Retrieved
3489:
3477:. Retrieved
3472:
3463:
3451:. Retrieved
3446:
3437:
3425:. Retrieved
3420:
3411:
3401:18 September
3399:. Retrieved
3389:
3377:. Retrieved
3367:
3357:22 September
3355:. Retrieved
3350:
3341:
3329:. Retrieved
3324:
3315:
3305:19 September
3303:. Retrieved
3280:18 September
3278:. Retrieved
3273:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3247:
3238:
3228:12 September
3226:. Retrieved
3221:
3197:. Retrieved
3187:
3175:. Retrieved
3165:
3153:. Retrieved
3148:
3139:
3127:. Retrieved
3122:
3113:
3101:. Retrieved
3096:
3087:
3075:. Retrieved
3070:
3061:
3049:. Retrieved
3044:
3035:
3023:. Retrieved
3018:
2993:. Retrieved
2966:. Retrieved
2939:. Retrieved
2934:
2924:
2912:. Retrieved
2907:
2885:19 September
2883:. Retrieved
2878:
2869:
2857:. Retrieved
2852:
2828:. Retrieved
2823:
2814:
2804:29 September
2802:. Retrieved
2792:
2782:22 September
2780:. Retrieved
2775:
2749:. Retrieved
2744:
2720:. Retrieved
2715:
2705:
2693:. Retrieved
2689:World Vision
2688:
2679:
2667:. Retrieved
2642:. Retrieved
2632:
2620:. Retrieved
2616:World Relief
2615:
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2589:
2580:
2570:29 September
2568:. Retrieved
2563:
2539:. Retrieved
2529:
2517:. Retrieved
2512:
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2486:
2477:
2465:. Retrieved
2460:
2432:20 September
2430:. Retrieved
2425:
2417:
2407:22 September
2405:. Retrieved
2395:
2385:19 September
2383:. Retrieved
2378:
2354:17 September
2352:. Retrieved
2347:
2317:. Retrieved
2312:
2284:12 September
2282:. Retrieved
2277:
2251:. Retrieved
2246:
2221:19 September
2219:. Retrieved
2214:
2189:19 September
2187:. Retrieved
2182:
2150:
2126:. Retrieved
2121:
2112:
2100:. Retrieved
2090:
2078:. Retrieved
2067:
2055:. Retrieved
2050:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2024:
2015:
2003:. Retrieved
1998:
1989:
1977:. Retrieved
1972:
1963:
1951:. Retrieved
1946:
1922:. Retrieved
1917:
1908:
1896:. Retrieved
1885:
1873:. Retrieved
1868:
1844:. Retrieved
1839:
1830:
1818:. Retrieved
1813:
1785:. Retrieved
1780:
1756:. Retrieved
1731:. Retrieved
1720:
1677:
1673:
1646:. Retrieved
1641:
1604:. Retrieved
1556:cite journal
1544:. Retrieved
1539:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1501:
1489:. Retrieved
1484:
1398:. Retrieved
1394:the original
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1326:Météo-France
1320:
1299:
1270:
1258:
1240:
1213:Cyclone Idai
1176:
1175:
1110:Jubilee 2000
1100:World Relief
1092:Bill Clinton
1084:
1069:
1054:
1045:Graça Machel
1041:
1037:
1013:
987:
963:
931:
923:
894:
863:
844:
836:
793:
785:
780:Antananarivo
768:
742:
719:in 1989 and
713:
685:
648:
636:
610:Diego Garcia
606:
594:Météo-France
574:
503:
463:
413:
369:South Africa
358:
333:
313:Indian Ocean
310:
270:Météo-France
257:
246:
245:
231:
230:Part of the
153:
95:
83:4 weeks
36:
5090:Owen (2018)
5085:Nora (2018)
5065:Jack (2014)
5055:Zane (2013)
5005:Paul (2010)
4979:Guba (2007)
4974:Kara (2007)
4964:Wati (2006)
4924:Jana (2003)
4868:Rona (1999)
4773:Adel (1993)
4758:Fran (1992)
4687:Namu (1986)
4682:Manu (1986)
4632:Emma (1984)
4582:Lena (1983)
4562:Alex (1981)
4521:Rosa (1979)
4511:Vern (1978)
4476:Beth (1976)
4416:Ines (1973)
4396:Leah (1973)
4381:Jean (1973)
4366:Gail (1972)
3996:8 September
3974:8 September
3851:9 September
3825:8 September
3802:6 September
3798:. ReliefWeb
3727:8 September
3653:6 September
3627:9 September
3527:9 September
3501:6 September
3479:6 September
3453:8 September
3427:6 September
3379:8 September
3331:4 September
3254:9 September
3199:8 September
3025:6 September
3021:. ReliefWeb
2995:6 September
2968:6 September
2941:6 September
2937:. ReliefWeb
2914:6 September
2859:6 September
2830:6 September
2751:6 September
2722:4 September
2718:. ReliefWeb
2695:9 September
2669:6 September
2644:9 September
2622:6 September
2596:9 September
2541:3 September
2519:4 September
2493:6 September
2467:4 September
2319:6 September
2253:6 September
2249:. ReliefWeb
2217:. ReliefWeb
2128:8 September
2102:3 September
2080:4 September
2057:1 September
1703:11427/35031
1307:is a joint
1072:Chiaquelane
955:Thohoyandou
914:Thuli River
627:St. Brandon
538:anticyclone
5184:Categories
5035:Lua (2012)
4959:Jim (2006)
4738:Sam (1990)
4627:Jim (1984)
4577:Ken (1983)
4572:Ian (1982)
4552:Max (1981)
4466:Ray (1975)
4441:Zoe (1974)
4376:Ida (1972)
4351:Ada (1970)
4181:Leon–Eline
4016:World Bank
1366:(Report).
1348:References
1328:office in
1105:World Bank
1030:See also:
1026:Mozambique
885:Save River
815:Mozambique
759:Madagascar
704:cold front
590:90° E
530:wind shear
526:convection
520:island of
518:Indonesian
464:Storm type
329:Vatomandry
286:Madagascar
272:office in
262:90° E
210:Mozambique
206:Madagascar
182:Fatalities
72:Dissipated
4277:Innocente
2025:ReliefWeb
1999:ReliefWeb
1973:ReliefWeb
1947:ReliefWeb
1733:7 October
1712:123355539
1374:27 August
1016:provinces
976:Aftermath
934:Swaziland
898:civil war
851:Inhambane
789:Marolambo
631:Mauritius
365:Swaziland
354:civil war
264:into the
5159:Category
4295:Category
4169:Damienne
3473:Tearfund
2824:Trócaire
1336:for the
1311: –
1290:for the
1116:See also
970:Blantyre
918:Zimbabwe
823:Flooded
805:Antalaha
700:heat low
692:Botswana
688:Zimbabwe
644:Mahanoro
640:landfall
458:Unknown
390:Botswana
386:Blantyre
361:Zimbabwe
282:Mahanoro
278:landfall
80:Duration
4193:Felicia
4133:Babiola
4121:Astride
3177:23 July
3155:22 July
3129:22 July
3103:22 July
3077:22 July
3051:21 July
2031:22 July
2005:23 July
1979:23 July
1953:22 July
1924:22 July
1898:21 July
1875:23 July
1846:21 July
1820:17 July
1787:20 July
1758:21 July
1682:Bibcode
1648:15 July
1606:15 July
1546:15 July
1516:15 July
1491:15 July
1400:25 July
1330:Réunion
951:N1 road
942:Limpopo
859:Xai Xai
855:Chibuto
809:Vohemar
801:Sambava
771:cholera
696:Namibia
614:outflow
542:outflow
510:equator
408:Map key
378:Limpopo
341:Xai-Xai
317:cholera
306:Namibia
274:Réunion
255:renamed
218:IBTrACS
185:114–722
4205:Gloria
4157:Connie
2158:
1710:
1061:Bilene
991:UNICEF
966:Malawi
959:pulses
949:after
938:Levubu
927:Mutare
880:Chokwe
871:Maputo
857:, and
807:, and
797:Andapa
616:and a
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
382:Malawi
373:Levubu
345:Chokwe
190:Damage
64:Formed
5104:2020s
4993:2010s
4877:2000s
4731:1990s
4535:1980s
4344:1970s
4253:Hudah
1708:S2CID
1536:(PDF)
1510:(PDF)
1338:basin
1280:Perth
1232:Notes
1076:Macia
1065:Magul
749:Maïdo
653:near
562:named
534:ridge
280:near
258:Eline
158:SSHWS
4248:VITC
4050:2014
4042:IRIN
4024:2014
3998:2014
3976:2014
3968:IRIN
3950:2014
3924:2014
3902:2014
3876:2014
3853:2014
3827:2014
3804:2014
3777:2014
3755:2014
3747:IRIN
3729:2014
3707:2014
3681:2014
3655:2014
3629:2014
3603:2014
3577:2014
3555:2014
3529:2014
3503:2014
3481:2014
3455:2014
3447:IRIN
3429:2014
3403:2014
3381:2014
3359:2014
3333:2014
3307:2014
3282:2014
3256:2014
3248:IRIN
3230:2014
3201:2014
3179:2014
3157:2014
3131:2014
3105:2014
3079:2014
3053:2014
3027:2014
2997:2014
2970:2014
2943:2014
2916:2014
2887:2014
2861:2014
2853:CARE
2832:2014
2806:2014
2784:2014
2753:2014
2724:2014
2697:2014
2671:2014
2646:2014
2624:2014
2598:2014
2572:2014
2564:IRIN
2543:2014
2521:2014
2495:2014
2469:2014
2434:2014
2409:2014
2387:2014
2356:2014
2321:2014
2286:2014
2255:2014
2223:2014
2191:2014
2156:ISBN
2130:2014
2104:2014
2082:2014
2059:2014
2033:2014
2007:2014
1981:2014
1955:2014
1926:2014
1900:2014
1877:2014
1848:2014
1822:2014
1789:2014
1760:2014
1735:2014
1650:2014
1608:2014
1569:help
1548:2014
1518:2014
1493:2014
1402:2012
1376:2012
1324:The
1303:The
1274:The
1087:CARE
1063:and
655:Belo
522:Bali
367:and
235:and
162:JTWC
139:inHg
135:mbar
129:930
4272:MTS
4200:STS
4188:STS
4176:ITC
4164:MTS
4152:ITC
4116:STS
1698:hdl
1690:doi
1278:in
1049:CNN
1020:ZAR
578:eye
546:UTC
325:USD
195:USD
131:hPa
100:MFR
5186::
4265:13
4260:SD
4241:11
4236:DI
4229:10
4224:DI
4217:09
4212:TD
4145:03
4140:DI
4128:TC
4040:.
4014:.
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