344:
116:
105:
85:
372:), and Custer together with Ludlow took three or four men to climb it. In the meantime, the rest of the expedition made camp at the mountain's base at the newly named Custer Park. While the majority of the force remained there, Custer took a small unit with him to locate a suitable site for a new fort. By August 2, 1874, this force had reached a point eight and a half miles south-east of the mountain, to a location they named Agnes Park, having had a number of peaceful encounters with Native American settlements. On August 7 Custer shot and killed a
421:"There is no doubt as to the existence of various metals throughout the hills. As this subject has received the special attention of experts who accompanied the expedition, and will be reported upon in detail, I will only mention the fact that iron and plumbago have been found and beds of gypsum of apparently inexhaustible extent. I referred in a former dispatch to the discovery of gold. Subsequent examinations at numerous points confirm and strengthen the fact of the existence of gold in the Black Hills."
575:
385:
440:
502:
399:
evening I took a pan, pick and shovel, and went out prospecting. The first panful was taken from the gravel and sand obtained in the bed of the creek; and on washing was found to contain from one and a half to two cents, which was the first gold found in the Black Hills." A significant discovery was made on August 1 when tests of the soil by the
398:
Throughout the expedition, civilian experts who accompanied the expedition located traces of gold in the rivers. The first discovery goes uncredited, however an undated diary entry by
William McKay, a miner accompanying the expedition, notes that while camping at the newly named Custer Park, "In the
403:
determined that a miner could earn as much as $ 150 per day mining in the Black Hills. Custer wrote in a letter of August 15, 1874 to the
Assistant Adjutant General of the Department of Dakota that "there is no doubt as to the existence of various metals throughout the hills. ... examinations at
363:
and Lean Bear. At the time, the Black Hills were relatively unknown, with few white expeditions ever returning from them The commander of Custer's engineering corps, Captain Hardy, assured him that he had heard of them and had them marked on his maps, but had never entered them during his earlier
435:
The force remained there at Agnes Park until August 15 whereupon it turned around to return to Fort
Lincoln. The expedition returned on August 30, with the scouts returned to their reservations on September 10. In total, Custer and his forces had traveled for 60 days over 883
1564:
295:; while Custer and the military units searched for a suitable location for a fort, civilians searched for gold, and it is disputed whether or not any substantial amount was found. Nonetheless, this prompted a mass
367:
Custer and his force entered the Black Hills from the north, travelling south at a slow pace of no more than four or five miles a day on some occasions. On July 31, 1874, the wagon train reached Harney Peak (now
354:
Custer embarked on his expedition with 1000-1200 men, in 110 wagons with numerous horses and cattle of the 7th
Cavalry, along with artillery and two months food supply. The expedition also took a number of
364:
expeditions. En route to the Black Hills, Custer's party managed to locate the track of Hardy's group when they spotted two lines of sunflowers that had grown along the ruts of his passing wagons.
330:. Ludlow, the engineer for the expedition, financed Illingworth's photography and paid him $ 30 per month to provide photographic plates for the US Army, of which he made 70 in all.
443:
Gold miners in the Black Hills. The gold rushes that resulted from Custer's discoveries antagonised the Sioux
Indians and provoked the war in which Custer was to lose his life.
1250:
1934:
287:. Its mission was to look for suitable locations for a fort, find a route to the southwest, and to investigate the possibility of gold mining. Custer and his unit, the
17:
692:
1011:
1914:
984:
764:
697:
291:, arrived in the Black Hills on July 22, 1874, with orders to return by August 30. The expedition set up a camp at the site of the future town of
181:
343:
1574:
1681:
1127:
1004:
404:
numerous points confirm and strengthen the fact of the existence of gold in the Black Hills." His messages were carried by scout
1469:
738:
356:
288:
174:
132:
968:
997:
1888:
1137:
955:
937:
923:
1929:
1924:
1909:
312:
1867:
1847:
167:
1757:
228:
218:
1487:
1112:
400:
308:
1872:
1421:
1172:
1167:
1117:
1057:
1284:
1102:
1062:
1919:
1289:
1219:
1182:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1360:
1309:
1255:
452:
The table of organisation for the 7th
Cavalry for the Black Hills Expedition of 1874 was as follows.
1731:
1726:
1691:
1641:
1569:
1329:
1177:
475:
1857:
1666:
1651:
1589:
1559:
1496:
1491:
1406:
1344:
1334:
1314:
1192:
1142:
482:
462:
264:
233:
1788:
1767:
1716:
1686:
1676:
1431:
1375:
1365:
1304:
1299:
947:
661:
643:
529:
348:
319:
973:
1852:
1826:
1721:
1711:
1656:
1646:
1554:
1380:
1370:
1339:
1147:
1072:
557:
393:
1800:
1741:
1736:
1701:
1696:
1411:
1294:
1196:
1082:
1052:
638:
468:
303:
Indians who had been promised protection of their sacred land through
Treaties made by the
292:
276:
268:
120:
989:
8:
1706:
1416:
1401:
1077:
675:
1671:
1426:
1324:
1319:
978:
758:
261:
257:
223:
208:
1536:
1385:
1087:
951:
933:
919:
681:
550:
65:
1772:
1661:
1599:
1544:
1234:
1122:
1047:
705:
686:
405:
272:
203:
109:
61:
930:
The Custer
Companion: A Comprehensive Guide to the Life of George Armstrong Custer
733:
1831:
1782:
1229:
1157:
1107:
742:
544:
426:– Custer, a letter to the Assistant Adjutant General of Dakota, August 15, 1874,
238:
1778:
1610:
1583:
1224:
1132:
1067:
609:
520:
489:
369:
327:
323:
505:
Lieutenant
Colonel George A. Custer, 7th U.S. Cavalry, March 1876 by Jose Mora
1903:
1806:
1625:
1620:
1604:
1482:
1162:
1097:
563:
304:
115:
104:
90:
568:
Company M - Captain Thomas French and First
Lieutenant Edward Gustave Mathey
1862:
1794:
1579:
1526:
1506:
1152:
1092:
1024:
538:
516:
409:
373:
360:
284:
213:
388:
The bear Custer shot and later said to be his greatest hunting achievement
1594:
1511:
1020:
579:
280:
574:
326:
photographer who accompanied Custer after selection by the then-Captain
1762:
1187:
1042:
191:
38:
1521:
1516:
1501:
413:
296:
376:, forever claiming this to be his greatest achievement as a hunter.
1615:
1477:
495:
Second Lieutenant George D. Wallace, commander of the Indian scouts
439:
1028:
384:
746:
347:
Custer's wagon train passing through Castle Creek valley, by
300:
159:
1019:
501:
578:
Wahktageli ("Galant Warrior"), a Yankton Sioux chief (by
1575:
Rapid City, Black Hills and Western Railroad (1893–1947)
528:
Company C - Captain Verling Hart and Second Lieutenant
279:, with orders to travel to the previously uncharted
556:Company K - Captain Owen Hale and First Lieutenant
1935:19th-century military history of the United States
447:
1901:
969:The 1874 Black Hills Expedition: An Introduction
534:Company E - First Lieutenant Thomas M. McDougall
525:Company B - First Lieutenant Benjamin H. Hodgson
338:
1005:
175:
1565:Cheyenne-Black Hills Stage Route (1876–1887)
735:Overview and History of the 1874 Black Hills
592:Dr. John W. Williams, chief medical officer
307:, and who were later to kill Custer at the
1758:Fossil Cycad National Monument (1922–1957)
1497:Black Hills War, or Great Sioux War (1876)
1012:
998:
916:Eyewitnesses to the Indian Wars, 1865-1890
428:Eyewitnesses to the Indian Wars, 1865-1890
318:The entire expedition was photographed by
315:between themselves and the United States.
182:
168:
1915:Military expeditions of the United States
1570:Sidney-Black Hills Stage Road (1876–1887)
18:Custer's 1874 Black Hills Expedition
1128:Minuteman Missile National Historic Site
752:
573:
500:
438:
383:
342:
729:
727:
725:
723:
14:
1902:
830:
828:
826:
807:
805:
777:
775:
773:
595:Dr. S. J. Allen, Jr. assistant surgeon
553:and First Lieutenant Francis M. Gibson
993:
163:
891:
882:
873:
855:
846:
720:
379:
823:
814:
802:
793:
784:
770:
598:Dr. A. C. Bergen, assistant surgeon
267:that set out on July 2, 1874, from
24:
133:7th United States Cavalry Regiment
25:
1946:
1889:Mount Rushmore in popular culture
1138:Mount Theodore Roosevelt Monument
114:
103:
83:
864:
448:Organization of the 7th Cavalry
275:, which is south of modern day
837:
615:W. H. Wood, civilian assistant
299:which in turn antagonised the
189:
52:July 2, 1874 – August 30, 1874
13:
1:
1550:Black Hills Expedition (1874)
1488:Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)
1235:Spearfish Canyon Scenic Byway
903:
562:Company L - First Lieutenant
543:Company G - First Lieutenant
471:, 4th cavalry and acting aide
339:Embarking for the Black Hills
333:
309:Battle of the Little Big Horn
144:~1,200 Soldiers and Civilians
32:Black Hills Expedition (1874)
1555:Black Hills gold rush (1874)
1545:Dakota Territory (1861–1889)
1251:Black Hills Centennial Trail
1173:Sitting Bull Crystal Caverns
1118:Jewel Cave National Monument
1058:Black Hills Central Railroad
313:Great Sioux War of 1876–1877
7:
1063:Black Hills National Forest
10:
1951:
1560:Newton–Jenney Party (1875)
944:Phil Sheridan and His Army
430:, Peter Cozzens, page 166.
391:
260:expedition in 1874 led by
1881:
1840:
1819:
1750:
1634:
1535:
1468:
1459:
1394:
1353:
1277:
1268:
1256:George S. Mickelson Trail
1243:
1212:
1205:
1035:
199:
153:
148:
143:
138:
131:
126:
101:
96:
81:
76:
44:
36:
31:
1768:Black Hills flood (1972)
1178:Sturgis Motorcycle Rally
1103:Flintstones Bedrock City
932:(Stackpole Books, 2002)
918:(Stackpole Books, 2004)
714:
416:to the press eastwards.
412:, and from there it was
1930:History of North Dakota
1925:History of South Dakota
1910:Great Sioux War of 1876
1590:George Armstrong Custer
1492:Great Sioux Reservation
1193:Wind Cave National Park
1143:Mystic Miner Ski Resort
767:retrieved March 4, 2008
749:retrieved March 4, 2008
478:, 9th cavalry commander
463:George Armstrong Custer
265:George Armstrong Custer
219:Powder River Expedition
1763:Stratobowl (1934–1959)
948:University of Oklahoma
662:William H. Illingworth
644:Newton Horace Winchell
583:
519:and Second Lieutenant
506:
444:
423:
389:
351:
349:William H. Illingworth
320:William H. Illingworth
254:Black Hills Expedition
229:Yellowstone Expedition
97:Commanders and leaders
1827:Rapid City Rapid Ride
1073:Black Hills Playhouse
980:Black Hills of Dakota
760:Black Hills of Dakota
741:May 13, 2008, at the
577:
504:
442:
419:
394:Black Hills Gold Rush
387:
346:
149:Casualties and losses
1801:Charles Badger Clark
1220:Norbeck Scenic Byway
1083:Crazy Horse Memorial
1053:Black Elk Wilderness
843:Cozzens, p. 159-161.
639:George Bird Grinnell
551:Frederick W. Benteen
549:Company H - Captain
537:Company F - Captain
515:Company A - Captain
277:Mandan, North Dakota
269:Fort Abraham Lincoln
1873:Mule Creek Junction
1188:Terry Peak ski area
1078:Chapel in the Hills
703:Nathan H. Knappen,
676:Chicago Inter-Ocean
673:William E. Curtis,
625:Horatio Nelson Ross
530:Henry M. Harrington
1225:Iron Mountain Road
584:
507:
469:Frederick D. Grant
445:
390:
352:
262:Lieutenant Colonel
258:United States Army
209:Dakota War of 1862
121:Frederick D. Grant
1920:American frontier
1897:
1896:
1868:Maverick Junction
1848:Cheyenne Crossing
1815:
1814:
1455:
1454:
1264:
1263:
1088:Custer State Park
693:Sygurd Wiśniowski
682:Samuel J. Barrows
621:Mining detachment
558:Edward S. Godfrey
511:Cavalry companies
490:Algernon E. Smith
488:First Lieutenant
481:First Lieutenant
476:George A. Forsyth
380:Discovery of gold
247:
246:
158:
157:
72:
71:
66:Montana Territory
16:(Redirected from
1942:
1773:2000 Jasper Fire
1600:Wild Bill Hickok
1490:established the
1466:
1465:
1275:
1274:
1210:
1209:
1123:The Mammoth Site
1048:Bear Country USA
1014:
1007:
1000:
991:
990:
985:Spartacus Online
909:Printed sources:
898:
895:
889:
886:
880:
879:Cozzens, p. 167.
877:
871:
868:
862:
861:Cozzens, p. 166.
859:
853:
850:
844:
841:
835:
832:
821:
820:Cozzens, p. 159.
818:
812:
811:Cozzens, p. 164.
809:
800:
799:Cozzens, p. 177.
797:
791:
788:
782:
781:Cozzens, p. 176.
779:
768:
765:Spartacus Online
756:
750:
731:
706:Bismarck Tribune
687:New York Tribune
612:, chief engineer
564:Thomas W. Custer
431:
406:Charley Reynolds
273:Dakota Territory
194:
184:
177:
170:
161:
160:
119:
118:
110:George A. Custer
108:
107:
89:
87:
86:
62:Dakota Territory
46:
45:
29:
28:
21:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1877:
1836:
1832:Jefferson Lines
1811:
1783:Lincoln Borglum
1746:
1630:
1531:
1470:Native American
1461:
1451:
1390:
1349:
1270:
1260:
1239:
1230:Needles Highway
1201:
1158:Reptile Gardens
1108:Gordon Stockade
1031:
1018:
906:
901:
896:
892:
887:
883:
878:
874:
870:Hutton, p. 168.
869:
865:
860:
856:
851:
847:
842:
838:
833:
824:
819:
815:
810:
803:
798:
794:
790:Cozzen, p. 179.
789:
785:
780:
771:
757:
753:
743:Wayback Machine
732:
721:
717:
648:A. B. Donaldson
545:Donald McIntosh
539:George W. Yates
492:, quartermaster
457:Field and staff
450:
433:
425:
396:
382:
357:Native American
341:
336:
250:
249:
248:
243:
239:Ghost Dance War
234:Great Sioux War
224:Red Cloud's War
204:First Sioux War
195:
190:
188:
113:
112:
102:
84:
82:
68:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1948:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1841:Road junctions
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:Gutzon Borglum
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1611:Doane Robinson
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:Martha Bullock
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1422:Johnson Siding
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1395:Unincorporated
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1279:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1133:Mount Rushmore
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1113:Homestake Mine
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1068:Black Elk Peak
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1002:
994:
988:
987:
976:
959:
958:
942:Hutton, P. A.
940:
926:
905:
902:
900:
899:
897:Hatch, p. 149.
890:
888:Hatch, p. 148.
881:
872:
863:
854:
852:Hatch, p. 146.
845:
836:
834:Hatch, p. 147.
822:
813:
801:
792:
783:
769:
751:
747:Custer's Trail
718:
716:
713:
712:
711:
710:
709:
701:
698:New Ulm Herald
690:
679:
669:Correspondents
666:
665:
664:
654:
653:
652:
649:
646:
641:
631:
630:
629:
626:
618:
617:
616:
613:
610:William Ludlow
601:
600:
599:
596:
593:
572:
571:
570:
569:
566:
560:
554:
547:
541:
535:
532:
526:
523:
521:Charles Varnum
499:
498:
497:
496:
493:
486:
479:
472:
465:
449:
446:
418:
381:
378:
370:Black Elk Peak
359:scouts led by
340:
337:
335:
332:
328:William Ludlow
245:
244:
242:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
200:
197:
196:
187:
186:
179:
172:
164:
156:
155:
151:
150:
146:
145:
141:
140:
136:
135:
129:
128:
127:Units involved
124:
123:
99:
98:
94:
93:
79:
78:
74:
73:
70:
69:
60:
58:
54:
53:
50:
42:
41:
34:
33:
27:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1947:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1807:Watson Parker
1804:
1802:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1789:Joseph Bottum
1786:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1626:Charlie Utter
1624:
1622:
1621:Al Swearengen
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1606:
1605:Calamity Jane
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
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1483:Lakota people
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1163:Rushmore Cave
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91:United States
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1863:Keystone Wye
1853:Four Corners
1795:Francis Case
1580:Seth Bullock
1549:
1527:Spotted Tail
1507:Sitting Bull
1290:Central City
1153:Pactola Lake
1093:Devils Tower
1025:South Dakota
979:
974:Custer Trail
967:
961:
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914:Cozzens, P.
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657:Photographer
656:
651:Luther North
633:
620:
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587:
517:Myles Moylan
510:
467:Lt. Colonel
461:Lt. Colonel
456:
451:
434:
427:
424:
420:
410:Fort Laramie
401:French Creek
397:
374:grizzly bear
366:
361:Bloody Knife
353:
317:
285:South Dakota
253:
251:
214:Colorado War
77:Belligerents
37:Part of the
1793:Politician
1635:Ghost towns
1595:Dora DuFran
1512:Crazy Horse
1447:Three Forks
1442:Silver City
1437:Rockerville
1361:Buffalo Gap
1310:Hot Springs
1183:Sylvan Lake
1036:Attractions
1021:Black Hills
604:Engineering
580:Karl Bodmer
414:telegraphed
289:7th Cavalry
281:Black Hills
1904:Categories
1805:Historian
1777:Sculptors
1732:Tigerville
1727:Terraville
1692:Myers City
1642:Addie Camp
1609:Historian
1462:and people
1330:Rapid City
1197:bison herd
1043:Bear Butte
928:Hatch, T.
904:References
485:, adjutant
392:See also:
334:Expedition
192:Sioux Wars
39:Sioux Wars
1858:Four Mile
1682:Greenwood
1667:Carbonate
1652:Blacktail
1522:Red Cloud
1517:Lone Horn
1502:Black Elk
1407:Four Mile
1345:Whitewood
1335:Spearfish
1325:Newcastle
1315:Hill City
1269:Populated
962:Websites:
634:Scientist
297:gold rush
1717:Sheridan
1687:Maitland
1677:Flatiron
1616:Sol Star
1588:General
1537:Old West
1478:Cheyenne
1432:Rochford
1386:Sundance
1376:Keystone
1366:Fairburn
1305:Edgemont
1300:Deadwood
950:, 1999)
739:Archived
608:Captain
154:1 killed
139:Strength
57:Location
1882:Related
1820:Transit
1787:Author
1722:Spokane
1712:Pactola
1662:Cambria
1657:Burdock
1647:Bismuth
1460:History
1381:Pringle
1371:Hermosa
1340:Sturgis
1148:Needles
1029:Wyoming
324:English
311:in the
1751:Modern
1742:Trojan
1737:Tinton
1702:Nahant
1697:Mystic
1412:Galena
1295:Custer
1278:Cities
1271:places
1244:Trails
954:
936:
922:
474:Major
436:miles.
293:Custer
256:was a
88:
1799:Poet
1707:Novak
1417:Hanna
1402:Dewey
1354:Towns
1213:Roads
1195:with
715:Notes
322:, an
301:Sioux
1781:and
1672:Etta
1582:and
1427:Nemo
1320:Lead
1027:and
952:ISBN
934:ISBN
920:ISBN
252:The
64:and
49:Date
1023:of
983:at
972:at
763:at
745:at
408:to
283:of
1906::
825:^
804:^
772:^
722:^
695:,
684:,
271:,
1013:e
1006:t
999:v
946:(
582:)
183:e
176:t
169:v
20:)
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