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226:, the authenticity of the disc is heavily questionable. It resembles no other known artefact from the Viking age, and it is impossible to precisely date gold objects; even if the alloy is accurate, it might come from a melted down Viking age artefact. According to Jensen: “I believe, however, that it is pure fraud all the way. Immediately. If there is anything genuine in it, Rosborn has done what he could to make it look like a forgery.” Several other Danish professors, including
186:"With the language use that was current at the time of Harald’s life, the inscription CIV + ALDIN should thus be linked with the previous town name . The translation would then be "Jumne in the bishopric Aldinburg". Jumne was after all, according to Adam of Bremen, the place of King Harald's death, so the object’s closing inscription should thus, from a Christian point of view, pinpoint where Jumne was located."
179:, the only historical source commenting on the death of Harald, says that Harald died in Jumne (Jomsborg) from his wounds. Yet, as Rosborn explains, Jumne probably did not have a Christian church, so Harald's body may have been buried, at least temporarily, in the nearest church located at Wiejkowo. Thus, the disc may have been placed near the burial.
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is a convex-concave gold disc that gained scholarly attention in 2014 after an 11-year-old Polish girl in Sweden showed it to her history teacher. Some scholars have tentatively dated the disc to the 10th to 12th century, although its authenticity is not universally accepted by historians or
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After its original discovery the hoard was left in the crypt until 1945, when a Polish army major, Stefan
Sielski, and his brother Michał entered and seized what was left of it. The disc did not appear to be made of gold so it was placed in a box with old buttons. In 2014, Michal Sielski's
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The
Curmsun disc is owned by an undisclosed company and deposited at a bank vault in Sweden. The disc's insured value is USD 3.5 million and the valuation has been performed by Jonny Westling, an expert appointed by Swedish Chamber of Commerce and Lloyds/Brookfield Underwriting.
147:. There are four dots around the Latin cross. Similar dot markings are common on coins, even on coins from the late 900s. The four dots could possibly symbolize the four evangelists, whose symbols in the Middle Ages had strong associations with the Christ symbolism of the cross.
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The same phenomenon could be seen in some coins from York in the tenth century where king is transliterated as CVNVNC but translated as KONUNGR (in
English: KONUNGR). Old Norse in coin inscriptions ended after the tenth century.
250:. The analysis showed a non-homogeneous alloy with a gold content ranging between 83.3-92.8%. The surface and alloy showed characteristics typical for artefacts created during the latest part of the
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Danish anthropologist Karen
Schousboe conjectures that the Curmsun Disc could be a talisman or medallion, likely created after 963, although it is unclear if the disc is authentic or a fake.
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the entrance to the crypt was accidentally discovered by a 12-year-old
Heinrich Boldt, who was playing with some younger children at a construction site near the ruined chapel.
254:. No traces of modern processes or chemicals were discovered. Surface analysis by a gemologist, Jonny Westling, appointed by the Swedish Chamber of Commerce in Stockholm and
89:'s reign, a bracelet in bronze with a dash decoration covering the surface, a fragment of another bronze bracelet, a small stamped piece of gold and the Curmsun Disc itself.
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The
Curmsun disc was reportedly found as part of a Viking Age hoard discovered in 1841 in the cellar crypt of the ruined church in the village of
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According to a theory by
Swedish archeologist Sven Rosborn, the Latin inscription on the obverse of the Curmsun Disc may have been created by a
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11-year-old great-granddaughter showed the disc to her history teacher and it was reported in the press on 5 December 2014.
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Researchers have interpreted the inscription on the obverse as: "+ARALD CVRMSVN+ REX AD TANER+SCON+JVMN+CIV ALDIN+".
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is mentioned in the inscription of the disc. The disc's characteristics are influenced by
Byzantine coins and seals.
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The disk weighs 25.23 grams (0.890 oz) and has a diameter of 4.5 centimetres (1.8 in). The Danish
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On the reverse there is an octagonal ridge, which runs around the edge of the object. In the centre of the
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A full translation of the inscription reads: "Harald
Gormson king of Danes, Scania, Jomsborg, town (or
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According to Danish archivist
Steffen Harpsøe, the disc may have been created by local priests around
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and Jens Ulriksen, are equally dubious of the authenticity of the Curmsun disc and the associated
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CVRMSVN is a transliteration from spoken Old Norse via runes into the Medieval Latin alphabet.
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439:"Har svensk arkæolog bevist, at Harald Blåtand blev begravet med kæmpeskat i Polen?"
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and near the place where the semi-legendary Viking stronghold of
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monk in connection with Harald Bluetooth's death around 986.
321:"Harold Bluetooth's Talisman - A Sensational Find? Or Fake?"
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The Curmsun Disc underwent electron microscopic analysis at
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The find consists of five objects today: a silver coin from
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67:). This location is just east of the bank of the river
418:"A unique object from Harald Bluetooth´s time. (2015)"
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Transliterated to Latin alphabet: C V R M S V N
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Written in runes (Younger Futhark): ᚴ ᚢ ᚱ ᛘ ᛋ ᚢ ᚾ
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Old Norse word in Latin alphabet: G O R M S O N
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349:"Haraldsguldet: En mystisk guldskive fra fortiden"
203:between 1050-1125, if missionaries had canonized
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156:Around 960s - Harald Bluetooth's second marriage
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215:According to Danish history professor
164:Around 986 - Harald Bluetooth's death
494:Archaeological discoveries in Europe
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78:According to Swedish archaeologist
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381:The Viking King's Golden Treasure
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75:stood between the 950s and 1043.
489:2014 archaeological discoveries
484:1945 archaeological discoveries
479:1841 archaeological discoveries
437:Hoffmann, Thomas (2022-08-25).
347:Harpsøe, Steffen (2015-11-27).
319:Schousboe, Karen (2014-11-28).
281:Christianization of Scandinavia
378:Rosborn, Sven (May 16, 2021).
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504:Artifacts in Norse mythology
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105:Reverse of the Curmsun Disc
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474:10th-century inscriptions
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211:Authenticity controversy
175:Rosborn points out that
16:Convex-concave gold disc
469:10th century in Denmark
238:Metallurgical analysis
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529:Viking Age in Denmark
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134:Oldenburg in Holstein
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499:Art discs and ovals
217:Kurt Villads Jensen
519:House of Knýtlinga
325:Medieval Histories
291:Hiddensee treasure
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252:Early Middle Ages
232:Gesta Wuleniensis
143:ridge there is a
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447:. Retrieved
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394:– via
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524:Jomsvikings
445:(in Danish)
220: [
145:Latin cross
61:Gmina Wolin
463:Categories
449:2023-07-03
423:2023-07-03
359:2023-07-03
353:Siden Saxo
330:2023-07-03
302:References
266:Exhibition
260:patination
141:octagonal
130:bishopric
57:Pomerania
509:Exonumia
275:See also
201:Wiejkowo
197:Jomsborg
170:Frankish
73:Jomsborg
53:Wiejkowo
256:Lloyd's
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248:Sweden
87:Otto I
69:Dziwna
65:Poland
47:Origin
37:Viking
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39:king
386:ISBN
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