1005:
made. The first excavations date to 1606 when thirteen statues and two marble bas-reliefs were found; later finds included the large statue of
Jupiter from the Masseria del Gigante exhibited at the National Archaeological Museum of Naples. However, after the discovery of the Vesuvian sites the attention of the Bourbon explorers was diverted there and the Cumae area was abandoned and plundered of numerous finds which were then sold to private individuals. A first campaign of systematic excavations took place between 1852 and 1857 under Prince Leopoldo, brother of Ferdinando II of the Two Sicilies when the area of the Masseria del Gigante and some necropoles were explored. Later Emilio Stevens was given the concession and worked at Cumae between 1878 and 1893, completing the excavation of the necropolis, even though news of the various finds led to a continuous looting of the area.
716:
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75:
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110:
82:
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was built. An avalanche closed the sea entrance in the 3rd c. After 397 it was reopened. In the
Christian age it was used as a cemetery area; in the 6th c. the Byzantine general Narsete tried to use it to reach the city during the siege of Cumae, but weakened the structure and a large section of the vault collapsed.
487:
The site chosen was on the hill and later acropolis of Monte di Cuma surrounded on one side by the sea, and on the other by particularly fertile ground on the edge of the
Campanian plain. While continuing their maritime and commercial traditions, the settlers of Cumae strengthened their political and
1054:
The ancient city was divided into two zones, namely the acropolis and the lower part on the plains and the coast. The acropolis was accessible only from the south side and it was on this area that the first nucleus of the city developed crossed by a road called Via Sacra leading to the main temples.
1214:
With the displacement of the fleet from Portus Iulius to the port of Miseno in 12 BCE and the end of the Civil War between
Octavian and Mark Antony in 31 BCE the tunnel lost its strategic value. The forum entrance was made monumental with 4 statue niches in 95 AD at the same time as the Arco Felice
1062:
In the 6th c. BCE temples were built in tufa, wood and terracotta. Columns, cornices and capitals were made of yellow tufa, roofs and architraves of wood and to protect the overhang, terracotta tiles and elaborate antefix decorations. The city and acropolis walls were built from 505 BC, as well as
1019:
The explorations of the acropolis started in 1911, bringing to light the Temple of Apollo. Between 1924 and 1934 Amedeo Maiuri and
Vittorio Spinazzola investigated the Temple of Jupiter, the Cave of the Sibyl and the Crypta Romana, while between 1938 and 1953 the lower city was explored. A chance
1004:
Despite the abandonment of the area of Cumae due to the formation of marshes, the memory of the ancient city remained alive. The ruins, although in a state of neglect, were later visited by many artists and with the repopulation of the area due to land reclamation, short excavation campaigns were
1058:
The lower city was defended by walls and during the Greek age the acropolis had probably the same type of defences, even if the remains today dating back to the 6th century BCE are only on the southeastern part of the hill perhaps also used as retaining walls of the ridge.
757:
The city prospered in the Roman period from the 1st c. BCE along with all the cities of
Campania and especially the bay of Naples as it became a desirable area for wealthy Romans who built large villas along the coast. The "central baths" and the amphitheatre are built.
820:, in which the author tells of a vision of a woman, identified with the church, who entrusts him with a text to read to the presbyters of the community in Cuma. At the end of the 4th century, the temple of Zeus at Cumae was transformed into a Christian basilica.
1187:
while the bridge also carried a road along the ridge of the hill. It was built of brick and tiled in marble, and surmounted by two rows of arches of lighter concrete covered with brick. The piers had three niches on both sides where statues were placed.
1202:
The Crypta Romana is a tunnel dug into the tufa under the Cuma hill, crossing the acropolis in an east-west direction, giving an easier route from the city to the sea. Its construction is part of the set of military enhancement works built by
1055:
The road began with two towers, one of which collapsed with part of the hill and the other was restored in the
Byzantine era and is still visible. The lower city developed from the Samnite period and to a greater extent during the Roman age.
1100:
In the 1st c. AD the "Temple of the Giant" was built, so-called because the famous giant bust of
Jupiter (now in Naples Archaeological Museum) was discovered in its ruins; the walls of the temple are incorporated into a later farmhouse.
545:
Cumae was at that time celebrated throughout all Italy for its riches, power, and all the other advantages, as it possessed the most fertile part of the
Campanian plain and was mistress of the most convenient havens round about
1070:
When the city was allied with the Romans in 338 BCE a new temple was built with exceptional painted friezes and ornamentation which have been discovered though the temple was destroyed after a few decades by fire.
1020:
discovery occurred in 1992 when during the construction of a gas pipeline near the beach a temple of Isis was discovered. In 1994 the "Kyme" project was activated for the restoration of the site. Excavation of the
635:, and in 492 BCE when Roman envoys travelled to Cumae to purchase grain, Aristodemus seized the envoys' vessels on account of the property of Tarquinius which had been seized at the time of Tarquinius' exile.
1191:
The via
Domitiana, whose paving is still perfectly preserved and is in continuous use today, connected to the via Appia, the artery of communication with Rome, as well as with Pozzuoli and Naples.
1078:
built west of the Porta mediana. The central baths were built and major work was done on the acropolis temples. From the end of the 2nd c. BCE Cumae's architecture became increasingly romanised.
1024:
was completed, first partly explored in 1902. In the area of the forum a basilica-shaped building, the Aula Sillana, was discovered, while along the coastline three maritime villas were found.
1211:
in 37 BC, including the construction of the new Portus Iulius and its connection with the port of Cumae through the so-called Grotta di Cocceio and the Crypta Romana itself.
773:
extensive public building works and roads were begun and in or near Cumae several road tunnels were dug: one through the Monte di Cumae linking the forum with the port, the
1085:
or "Sullan Aula" south of the forum, decorated with polychrome marble. Water supply to the town was increased by an extension to the town of the great Serino aqueduct, the
5537:
5527:
1993:
604:) and having attained the people's favour he overthrew the aristocratic faction and became a tyrant himself. It was probably at this point that Cumae founded
5411:
751:
504:
1253:
5552:
1456:
placed Cumae's Greek foundation at 1050 BCE; modern archaeology has not yet found the first settlers' graves, but fragments of Greek pottery
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1986:
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425:
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4056:
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1979:
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Between the Punic Wars and the adoption of Latin as the official trading language (180 BC) the city walls were restored and a large
5532:
781:
and a third, the "Crypta Romana", 180m long between Lake Lucrino and Lake Averno. The temples of Apollo and Demeter were restored.
1288:
1958:
1867:
287:
1229:
420:
The oldest archaeological finds by Emil Stevens in 1896 date to 900–850 BC and more recent excavations have revealed a
3444:
1353:
932:, destroyed the city and its walls, as the stronghold of a nest of bandits. Its territory was divided and merged into the
729:
allied to the Samnites broke down the walls and took the city, ravaging the countryside. Some survivors fled to Neapolis.
161:
5358:
2449:
1625:
1281:
859:. Misenus was excommunicated on his return but was later rehabilitated and took part as bishop of Cumae in two synods of
840:
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3756:
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3383:
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937:
550:
The growing power of the Cumaean Greeks led many indigenous tribes of the region to organise against them, notably the
74:
1008:
A disaster occurred between 1910 and 1922 when draining of Lake Licola caused part of the necropolis to be destroyed.
3454:
3429:
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5263:
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3439:
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876:
102:
565:. This coalition was defeated by the Cumaeans in 524 BCE at the first Battle of Cumae under the direction of
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3761:
3038:
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2316:
363:
in the 8th century BCE. It became a rich Roman city, the remains of which lie near the modern village of Cuma, a
488:
economic power by exploitation of the land and extended their territory at the expense of neighbouring peoples.
5351:
5290:
3931:
3345:
2442:
715:
668:
to Rome in the 5th c. BCE. Also Rome obtained its priestesses who administered the important cult of
601:
491:
The colony thrived and in the 8th century BCE it was already strong enough to send Perieres to found
1341:
1027:
Since 2001 the CNRS has been excavating a necropolis dating from 6th to 1st c. BCE outside the Porta mediana.
638:
Eventually, the dispossessed nobles and their sons were able to take over Cumae in 490 BCE, and executed
5487:
5285:
4842:
4335:
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Paolo Caputo u. a.: Cuma e il suo Parco Archeologico. Un territorio e le sue testimonianze. Bardi, Roma 1996
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in Achaea, Pausanias was told. Cuma established its dominance over almost the entire Campanian coast up to
17:
1175:
The Arco Felice was a 20 m high monumental entrance to the city built in a cut through Monte Grillo which
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134:
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In June 2018 a painted tomb dating to the 2nd century BCE and depicting a banquet scene was discovered.
894:(535–554), when it was repeatedly attacked, as the only fortified city in Campania aside from Neapolis:
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The archaeological museum of the Campi Flegrei in the Aragonese castle contains many finds from Cumae.
1116:
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940:. Some of the citizens from Cumae, including the clergy and the cathedral capitular, took shelter in
921:
A bishopric was established around 450 AD. In 700 it gained territory from the suppressed Diocese of
3843:
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2679:
1380:
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1898:
823:
The first historically documented bishop of Cumae was Adeodatus, a member of a synod convoked by
624:
584:
sent agents to Cumae to purchase grain in anticipation of a siege of Rome. Then in 505 BCE
5461:
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4273:
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1789:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of The History of Rome; Books Nine to Twenty-Six, by Titus Livius"
1708:
1668:
1648:
1584:
1260:
864:
816:
302:
1830:
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4541:
4531:
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3171:
3157:
2813:
2684:
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2250:
2149:
2124:
2066:
1846:
1815:
1688:
1086:
941:
796:
523:
31:
1788:
569:. The glorious victories of the colony increased its prestige, so much so that according to
4794:
4788:
4774:
4258:
4216:
4188:
4073:
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3116:
2912:
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2331:
2011:
1754:
1453:
639:
612:
585:
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412:
8:
5441:
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4283:
4178:
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3610:
2925:
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2525:
2373:
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2111:
795:
Another very important innovation was the construction of the great Serino aqueduct, the
450:
The Greek settlement was founded in the 8th century BCE by emigrants from cities of
5446:
5142:
5039:
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4589:
4506:
4394:
3896:
3720:
3236:
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2828:
2623:
2550:
2282:
2270:
2186:
2171:
1938:
732:
The walls on the acropolis were rebuilt from 343 BCE. Cumae came under Roman rule with
402:
2039:
5497:
5318:
5217:
4804:
4353:
4201:
4153:
3997:
3966:
3911:
3828:
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3577:
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2843:
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2051:
1966:
1863:
1387:
1194:
The arch probably replaced a smaller gate from Greek times and in a higher position.
774:
719:
669:
574:
481:
518:
The colony spread Greek culture in Italy and introduced a dialect of Greek, and the
5391:
5147:
4679:
4644:
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4318:
4196:
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1971:
1775:
1218:
It was brought to light between 1925 and 1931 by the archaeologist Amedeus Maiuri.
986:
743:
695:
570:
519:
500:
348:
240:
890:
Under Roman rule, so-called "quiet Cumae" was peaceful until the disasters of the
879:
after the destruction of Cumae in 1207. Accordingly, Cumae is today listed by the
5492:
5162:
4920:
4708:
4521:
4263:
4129:
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3388:
2986:
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2598:
2535:
2057:
1368:
1315:
1208:
1064:
906:
gained possession of Cumae, he found he had won the whole treasury of the Goths.
880:
689:
665:
654:
646:
611:
Further contact between the Romans and the Cumaeans occurred during the reign of
264:
5187:
4900:
852:
814:
The early presence of Christianity in Cumae is shown by the 2nd-century AD work
5406:
5044:
4984:
4979:
4935:
4716:
4664:
4654:
4634:
4624:
4368:
4363:
4358:
3211:
3010:
3004:
2992:
2792:
2767:
2540:
2465:
2321:
2301:
2255:
2024:
1532:
1241:
1011:
929:
860:
856:
844:
832:
828:
708:
531:
254:
236:
684:
5481:
5466:
5280:
5197:
5172:
4862:
4784:
4466:
4409:
4308:
4298:
4268:
4250:
4124:
3276:
3058:
2950:
2906:
2868:
2707:
2628:
2413:
2336:
2294:
1308:
1302:
1184:
1046:
915:
872:
824:
804:
766:
620:
432:
356:
250:
176:
163:
149:
57:
2045:
5097:
5049:
4915:
4769:
4639:
4278:
4114:
3620:
3582:
3281:
2326:
1619:
993:
848:
778:
589:
581:
527:
1913:"Painted tomb discovered in Cumae (Italy) : A banquet frozen in time"
746:, in spite of temptations to revolt from Roman authority, Cumae withstood
5421:
5117:
5009:
4989:
4817:
4325:
4303:
4293:
4288:
4211:
4168:
3715:
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3492:
3256:
2633:
2608:
2381:
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1434:
1105:
1021:
975:
884:
827:
in Rome in 465. Another was Misenus, who was one of the two legates that
5343:
4822:
1942:
1930:
982:
Bishop Louis-Marie-Joseph de Courrèges d’Ustou (1970.09.02 – 1970.12.10)
5416:
5054:
5024:
5019:
5004:
4890:
4857:
4526:
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3567:
3562:
3552:
3537:
3522:
3512:
3487:
2863:
2618:
2573:
1847:
Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604)
1753:
tells the story of Xenocrite, the girl who roused the Cumaeans against
1567:
895:
467:
421:
279:
Direzione Regionale per i Beni Culturali e Paesaggistici della Campania
1516:
Cuma e il suo Parco Archeologico. Un territorio e le sue testimonianze
1167:
1089:, after 20 BCE and paid for by local benefactors, the Lucceii family,
928:
In 1207 it was suppressed when forces from Naples, acting for the boy-
867:
entrusted the administration of the diocese of Cumae to the bishop of
5029:
4955:
4940:
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3152:
3106:
3086:
2717:
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The Augustan age saw many fine new buildings in the city such as the
836:
808:
650:
562:
444:
340:
327:
1038:
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2019:
2003:
1740:
1183:, and allow easier access to Cumae along what was later called the
1176:
1082:
800:
770:
762:
747:
704:
429:
387:
379:
365:
138:
4832:
1912:
725:
The Greek period at Cumae came to an end in 421 BC, when the
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2386:
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2129:
2119:
2091:
1967:
GigaCatholic with resiedential.titular incumbenty biography links
1323:
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785:
738:
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597:
593:
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512:
508:
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436:
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1931:"McKAY, A. (1997). THE MONUMENTS OF CUMAE. Vergilius, 43, 78-88"
507:
over the 7th and 6th centuries BCE, gaining sway over
5192:
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4736:
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in the forum as well as several other monuments and buildings.
922:
903:
899:
726:
661:
605:
496:
492:
476:
471:
459:
375:
371:
360:
210:
623:, lived his life in exile with Aristodemus at Cumae after the
5396:
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44:
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During the civil wars Cumae was one of the strongholds that
5207:
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5132:
4619:
4609:
1832:
Le Chiese d'Italia dalla loro origine sino ai nostri giorni
1703:
1663:
1643:
799:
supplying many of the cities in the area from about 20 BC.
792:, the naval fleet base, also helped the region to prosper.
700:
628:
316:
359:
on the mainland of Italy and was founded by settlers from
1472:
Fox (2008) notes that whether the Euboeans were from the
871:. Later, both Misenum and Cumae ceased to be residential
974:
In 1970, the diocese was nominally restored as a Latin
1722:
1601:
1179:
made in 95 AD to avoid the long detour imposed by the
1104:
After Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD, survivors from
1527:
1525:
522:, a variant of which was adapted and modified by the
2001:
1108:
came to Cumae and it became a well prosperous town.
608:(“new city”) in the late 6th century BCE.
573:, it was usual to associate the whole region of the
5538:
Populated places disestablished in the 13th century
5528:Populated places established in the 8th century BC
1522:
1033:
736:and in 338 BCE was granted partial citizenship, a
435:peoples whom the Greeks referred to by the names
5479:
1307:Cumae is perhaps most famous as the seat of the
466:. The Greeks were already established at nearby
2670:
416:The lower city of Cumae seen from the acropolis
1326:, a crater lake near Cumae, and was the route
1131:Capitoline temple of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva
1111:
875:and the territory of Cumae became part of the
835:and who were imprisoned and forced to receive
711:can still be seen in the back of the building.
5359:
2450:
1987:
1630:Delving into History ® _ Periklis Deligiannis
1497:"William J. Slater, Lexicon to Pindar, Κύ̂μα"
1476:colony or freshly arrived is a moot question.
703:at Cumae was converted into a paleochristian
631:records that Aristodemus became the heir of
1817:Cenni storici sulla distrutta città di Cuma
1311:. Her sanctuary is now open to the public.
5366:
5352:
3336:
2457:
2443:
1994:
1980:
1835:, vol. XIX, Venezia 1864, pp. 526–535
1626:"The Battle of Cumae, Italy (524 BC)"
1537:Travelling Heroes in the Epic Age of Homer
1171:Arco Felice and via Domitiana in use today
5373:
1093:of the city, who also built an elaborate
30:For other places with the same name, see
5412:Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park
1463:have been excavated near the city wall.
1166:
1115:
1045:
1037:
1010:
851:and other Miaphysites were named in the
714:
694:
683:
679:
411:
355:) was the first ancient Greek colony of
5553:13th-century disestablishments in Italy
1850:, vol. I, Faenza 1927, pp. 206–210
588:led a Cumaean contingent to assist the
480:(founders): Megasthenes of Chalcis and
14:
5480:
4390:
1566:
1513:
5347:
5247:
4389:
3818:
3322:
2669:
2489:
2438:
1975:
1583:
909:
807:provided an important highway to the
788:, the commercial port of Rome and to
474:) and were led to Cumae by the joint
27:Ancient Roman city near Naples, Italy
5518:Buildings and structures in Campania
4858:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
2490:
1739:
1207:for Augustus and designed by Lucius
596:in defeating the Etruscan forces of
5543:8th-century establishments in Italy
1531:
1330:used to descend to the Underworld.
1042:Athena terracotta antefix 6th c. BC
947:
841:Patriarch Acacius of Constantinople
62:The terrace of the Temple of Apollo
24:
3819:
2464:
1682:
1549:
992:Bishop Julio María Elías Montoya,
938:Roman Catholic Diocese of Pozzuoli
750:'s siege, under the leadership of
25:
5574:
5503:Euboean colonies of Magna Graecia
1952:
1862:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013
645:The combined fleets of Cumae and
428:’ people, and later dwellings of
5548:1207 disestablishments in Europe
5523:Former populated places in Italy
5508:Archaeological sites in Campania
5327:
5317:
5308:
5307:
2392:Heraion at the mouth of the Sele
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
1702:
1662:
1642:
1406:
1394:
1379:
1367:
1352:
1340:
1280:
1268:
1252:
1240:
1228:
1197:
1050:Doric frieze from temple ~340 BC
934:Roman Catholic Diocese of Aversa
627:and died there in 495 BCE.
108:
101:
80:
73:
56:
5533:Tourist attractions in Campania
5328:
2317:Flavian Amphitheater (Pozzuoli)
1923:
1905:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1853:
1838:
1823:
1808:
1799:
1781:
1769:
1760:
1733:
1716:
1696:
1676:
1656:
1636:
1613:
1124:The visible monuments include:
1034:Development of the ancient city
953:Saint Massenzio (300? – ?)
811:and thence to Rome from 95 AD.
1595:
1577:
1560:
1543:
1507:
1489:
1466:
1447:
1318:, there is an entrance to the
1235:Psyche and Eros, forum 1-2c AD
1162:
999:
978:. The title has been held by:
969:
602:War between Clusium and Aricia
534:, still used worldwide today.
13:
1:
2929:
2916:
2897:
2880:
1820:, Napoli 1846, pp. 37–38
1483:
1457:
499:, and another group to found
109:
81:
4057:Funeral and burial practices
3242:Military of Mycenaean Greece
1899:"Cumes - Centre Jean Bérard"
1425:List of ancient Greek cities
1296:
1221:
619:, the last of the legendary
341:
328:
317:
7:
1418:
1112:Surviving ancient monuments
855:, an event that led to the
558:with the leadership of the
526:and then re‑adapted by the
384:Metropolitan City of Naples
135:Metropolitan City of Naples
10:
5579:
3981:Greek Revival architecture
3323:
1724:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
1603:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
1347:The walls of the acropolis
1333:
1300:
913:
539:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
400:
396:
336:
323:
306:
45:
29:
5558:National museums of Italy
5382:
5303:
5254:
5248:
5243:
5088:
4965:
4954:
4881:
4803:
4760:
4707:
4565:
4417:
4408:
4404:
4385:
4334:
4249:
4187:
4149:
4142:
4092:
4052:
4043:
3965:
3842:
3838:
3814:
3780:
3749:
3591:
3478:
3422:
3389:Attalid kings of Pergamon
3344:
3335:
3331:
3318:
3197:Antigonid Macedonian army
3170:
3143:
3115:
3072:
3029:
3020:
2862:
2801:
2698:
2694:
2665:
2564:
2513:
2509:
2485:
2472:
2372:
2261:Catacombs of San Gaudioso
2185:
2110:
2065:
2036:
2010:
1287:Colossal Jupiter statue (
989:(1971.12.28 – 1986.08.09)
962:Gregorio (1187? – ?)
649:(on Sicily) defeated the
288:Sito Archeologico di Cuma
283:
275:
270:
260:
246:
232:
224:
216:
205:
200:
192:
155:
145:
129:
67:
55:
42:
5397:Ancient remains of Capua
2266:Catacombs of San Gennaro
2140:Santa Maria Capua Vetere
2002:Archaeological sites in
1860:Annuario Pontificio 2013
1814:Camillo Minieri Riccio,
1749:Regarding virtuous women
1440:
1401:Acropolis seen from west
1120:The Thermae of the Forum
959:Giovanni (1134? – 1141?)
956:Rainaldo (1073? – 1078?)
914:Not to be confused with
843:in a celebration of the
752:Tib. Sempronius Gracchus
577:with Cumaean territory.
407:
5513:Roman sites of Campania
2145:Arch of Hadrian (Capua)
1461: 750-740 BCE
1259:Votive relief 400 BCE (
765:used to defend against
625:Battle of Lake Regillus
443:(whose land was called
5462:Vesuvius National Park
5437:Santa Sofia, Benevento
3423:Artists & scholars
3338:List of ancient Greeks
2975:Second Athenian League
2824:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
2649:Ancient Greek colonies
2424:Villa Romana of Minori
1829:Giuseppe Cappelletti,
1745:De mulierum virturibus
1620:Periklis Deligiannis (
1514:Caputo, Paolo (1996).
1261:Antikensammlung Berlin
1172:
1121:
1051:
1043:
1016:
965:Leone (1207? – ?)
865:Pope Gregory the Great
817:The Shepherd of Hermas
739:civitas sine suffragio
722:
712:
692:
417:
352:
4542:Sybaris on the Traeis
3267:Sacred Band of Thebes
3007:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)
2521:Cycladic civilization
2402:Second Temple of Hera
2162:Sant'Angelo in Formis
2150:Amphitheatre of Capua
2067:Province of Benevento
1689:Tusculan Disputations
1589:Description of Greece
1501:www.perseus.tufts.edu
1170:
1119:
1049:
1041:
1014:
718:
698:
687:
680:Oscan and Roman Cumae
415:
177:40.84861°N 14.05361°E
5488:Cumae (ancient city)
4067:mythological figures
3788:Ancient Greek tribes
2913:Peloponnesian League
2332:Macellum of Pozzuoli
2012:Province of Avellino
1919:. 25 September 2018.
1622:Περικλής Δεληγιάννης
1454:Eusebius of Caesarea
1158:Masseria del Gigante
247:Associated with
120:Show map of Campania
4179:Tunnel of Eupalinos
4174:Theatre of Dionysus
3798:Ancient Macedonians
3414:Tyrants of Syracuse
2926:Amphictyonic League
2526:Minoan civilization
2374:Province of Salerno
2354:Castello Barbarossa
2222:Villa of the Papyri
2112:Province of Caserta
1879:Juvenal, Satire III
1844:Francesco Lanzoni,
1632:(personal website).
672:from the temple of
424:settlement of the ‘
173: /
46:Κύμη / Κύμαι / Κύμα
39:
5457:Trinità della Cava
5447:Sorrento Peninsula
4853:Menestheus's Limin
4507:Pandosia (Lucania)
4395:Greek colonisation
3757:Athenian statesmen
3518:Diogenes of Sinope
3379:Kings of Macedonia
3369:Kings of Commagene
3237:Macedonian phalanx
3217:Hellenistic armies
2965:(c. 424–c. 395 BC)
2829:Indo-Greek Kingdom
2551:Hellenistic Greece
2283:Macellum of Naples
2271:Crypta Neapolitana
2187:Province of Naples
2172:Trebula Balliensis
1805:Livy, xxiii.35-37.
1518:. Roma, IT: Bardi.
1173:
1122:
1052:
1044:
1017:
910:Diocese of Cuma(e)
902:held it, and when
777:1 km long to
723:
713:
693:
464:Opician settlement
418:
403:Greek colonisation
182:40.84861; 14.05361
89:Shown within Italy
37:
5563:Greek city-states
5475:
5474:
5341:
5340:
5299:
5298:
5239:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5231:
5230:
4805:Iberian Peninsula
4737:Lipara/Meligounis
4703:
4702:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4354:Cypriot syllabary
4245:
4244:
4154:Athenian Treasury
4138:
4137:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3399:Ptolemaic dynasty
3359:Archons of Athens
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3185:Athenian military
3166:
3165:
2999:League of Corinth
2981:Thessalian League
2957:Chalcidian League
2939:Acarnanian League
2849:Ptolemaic Kingdom
2661:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2432:
2431:
2407:Tomb of the Diver
2239:Piscina Mirabilis
2210:Grotta di Cocceio
1868:978-88-209-9070-1
1793:www.gutenberg.org
1624:) (4 June 2014).
1607:Roman Antiquities
1152:Grotta di Cocceio
1137:Temple of Demeter
877:diocese of Aversa
784:The proximity to
775:Grotta di Cocceio
720:Grotta di Cocceio
690:Cave of the Sibyl
664:sent the revered
657:in 474 BCE.
580:At this time the
575:Phlegraean Fields
482:Hippocles of Cyme
315:
296:
295:
92:Show map of Italy
16:(Redirected from
5570:
5392:Amalfi Cathedral
5368:
5361:
5354:
5345:
5344:
5331:
5330:
5321:
5311:
5310:
5245:
5244:
4963:
4962:
4462:Heraclea Lucania
4415:
4414:
4406:
4405:
4387:
4386:
4147:
4146:
4079:Twelve Olympians
4050:
4049:
3840:
3839:
3816:
3815:
3404:Seleucid dynasty
3384:Kings of Paionia
3333:
3332:
3320:
3319:
3190:Scythian archers
3097:Graphe paranomon
3027:
3026:
2934:
2931:
2921:
2918:
2902:
2899:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2696:
2695:
2667:
2666:
2546:Classical Greece
2531:Mycenaean Greece
2511:
2510:
2487:
2486:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2436:
2435:
2397:Temple of Athena
2364:Villa Boscoreale
2097:Ligures Baebiani
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
1996:
1989:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1963:
1959:Official website
1947:
1946:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1871:
1857:
1851:
1842:
1836:
1827:
1821:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1785:
1779:
1776:Diodorus Siculus
1773:
1767:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1599:
1593:
1592:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1493:
1477:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1451:
1410:
1398:
1383:
1371:
1356:
1344:
1284:
1272:
1256:
1244:
1232:
1140:Temple of Apollo
987:Edoardo Pecoraio
948:Resident bishops
898:took it in 536,
744:Second Punic War
688:Entrance to the
571:Diodorus Siculus
520:Euboean alphabet
505:Punta Campanella
346:
339:
338:
333:
326:
325:
320:
310:
308:
292:
188:
187:
185:
184:
183:
178:
174:
171:
170:
169:
166:
121:
117:Cumae (Campania)
112:
111:
105:
93:
84:
83:
77:
60:
48:
47:
40:
36:
21:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5569:
5568:
5567:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5471:
5378:
5372:
5342:
5337:
5295:
5250:
5227:
5090:
5084:
4967:
4958:
4950:
4921:Melaina Korkyra
4877:
4799:
4756:
4709:Aeolian Islands
4699:
4561:
4419:
4400:
4399:
4373:
4330:
4241:
4183:
4134:
4088:
4039:
3961:
3952:Wedding customs
3834:
3833:
3802:
3793:Thracian Greeks
3776:
3767:Olympic victors
3745:
3587:
3474:
3418:
3409:Kings of Sparta
3394:Kings of Pontus
3364:Kings of Athens
3340:
3327:
3306:
3202:Army of Macedon
3162:
3139:
3111:
3068:
3016:
2989:(370–c. 230 BC)
2987:Arcadian League
2971:(c. 400–188 BC)
2969:Aetolian League
2963:Boeotian League
2945:Hellenic League
2932:
2919:
2909:(c. 650–404 BC)
2900:
2894:Italiote League
2887:
2883:
2877:Doric Hexapolis
2867:
2858:
2854:Seleucid Empire
2797:
2690:
2689:
2653:
2560:
2536:Greek Dark Ages
2505:
2504:
2481:
2468:
2463:
2433:
2428:
2368:
2181:
2106:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2034:
2006:
2000:
1961:
1955:
1950:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1874:
1858:
1854:
1843:
1839:
1828:
1824:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1738:
1734:
1721:
1717:
1709:Ab urbe condita
1701:
1697:
1681:
1677:
1669:Ab urbe condita
1661:
1657:
1649:Ab urbe condita
1641:
1637:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1600:
1596:
1582:
1578:
1565:
1561:
1548:
1544:
1530:
1523:
1512:
1508:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1471:
1467:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1421:
1414:
1411:
1402:
1399:
1390:
1384:
1375:
1374:Street in Cumae
1372:
1363:
1357:
1348:
1345:
1336:
1316:Roman mythology
1305:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1276:
1273:
1264:
1257:
1248:
1245:
1236:
1233:
1224:
1209:Cocceius Auctus
1200:
1165:
1128:Temple of Diana
1114:
1036:
1002:
972:
950:
919:
912:
881:Catholic Church
682:
666:Sibylline Books
655:Battle of Cumae
530:and became the
410:
405:
399:
290:
265:Battle of Cumae
220:8th century BCE
209:Colonists from
181:
179:
175:
172:
167:
164:
162:
160:
159:
125:
124:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
114:
113:
96:
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
86:
85:
63:
51:
49:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5576:
5566:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5407:Caserta Palace
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5371:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5348:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5325:
5315:
5304:
5301:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5094:
5092:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4971:
4969:
4960:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4887:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4809:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4766:
4764:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4713:
4711:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4655:Megara Hyblaea
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4635:Hybla Gereatis
4632:
4627:
4625:Heraclea Minoa
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4571:
4569:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4412:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4391:
4383:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4369:Attic numerals
4366:
4364:Greek numerals
4361:
4359:Greek alphabet
4356:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4247:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4193:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4150:
4144:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4059:
4053:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4013:Musical system
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3972:
3970:
3963:
3962:
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3445:Mathematicians
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3212:Cretan archers
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3011:Achaean League
3008:
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3002:
2996:
2993:Epirote League
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2966:
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2942:
2941:(c. 500–31 BC)
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2873:
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2869:Confederations
2860:
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2541:Archaic Greece
2538:
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2497:
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2466:Ancient Greece
2462:
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2322:Lucrinus Lacus
2319:
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2302:Palazzo a Mare
2299:
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2256:Bourbon Tunnel
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2089:
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2087:
2082:
2080:Arch of Trajan
2071:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2025:Aequum Tuticum
2022:
2016:
2014:
2008:
2007:
1999:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1954:
1953:External links
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1359:The Temple of
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930:King of Sicily
918:in Asia Minor.
911:
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861:Pope Symmachus
857:Acacian Schism
845:Divine Liturgy
833:Constantinople
829:Pope Felix III
709:baptismal font
699:The Temple of
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660:The temple of
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5467:Villa Poppaea
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5374:Landmarks of
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4833:Hemeroscopion
4831:
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4410:Magna Graecia
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4285:
4284:Arcadocypriot
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4270:
4267:
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4237:Zeus, Olympia
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4222:Hera, Olympia
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4125:Mount Olympus
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4093:Sacred places
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3917:Olympic Games
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3907:Homosexuality
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3277:Seleucid army
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2414:Pertosa Caves
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1304:
1303:Cumaean Sibyl
1290:
1289:Naples museum
1283:
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1195:
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1189:
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1185:via Domitiana
1182:
1178:
1169:
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1155:Crypta Romana
1154:
1151:
1148:
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1143:The Acropolis
1142:
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916:Cuma (Aeolis)
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821:
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805:via Domitiana
802:
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583:
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537:According to
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357:Magna Graecia
354:
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332:
331:
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304:
303:Ancient Greek
300:
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266:
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259:
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251:Cumaean Sibyl
249:
245:
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241:High Medieval
238:
237:Archaic Greek
235:
231:
227:
223:
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215:
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186:
158:
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150:Magna Graecia
148:
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140:
136:
132:
128:
104:
76:
66:
59:
54:
41:
33:
19:
5401:
5128:Dionysopolis
5098:Abonoteichos
5050:Pantikapaion
4640:Hybla Heraea
4451:
3976:Architecture
3932:Prostitution
3621:Aristophanes
3480:Philosophers
3450:Philosophers
3282:Spartan army
3013:(280–146 BC)
3001:(338–322 BC)
2995:(370–168 BC)
2983:(374–196 BC)
2977:(378–355 BC)
2959:(430–348 BC)
2953:(478–404 BC)
2947:(499–449 BC)
2634:Peloponnesus
2556:Roman Greece
2327:Lake Avernus
2251:Aqua Augusta
2204:
1962:(in Italian)
1934:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1893:
1884:
1875:
1859:
1855:
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1840:
1831:
1825:
1816:
1810:
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1658:
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1588:
1579:
1571:
1562:
1554:
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1536:
1515:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1468:
1449:
1413:Amphitheater
1313:
1306:
1217:
1213:
1201:
1193:
1190:
1174:
1123:
1103:
1099:
1087:Aqua Augusta
1080:
1073:
1069:
1065:Sibyl's cave
1061:
1057:
1053:
1029:
1026:
1018:
1007:
1003:
973:
927:
920:
889:
849:Peter Mongus
822:
815:
813:
797:Aqua Augusta
794:
783:
779:Lake Avernus
760:
756:
737:
731:
724:
659:
644:
637:
610:
582:Roman senate
579:
549:
536:
517:
490:
486:
475:
449:
419:
392:
370:
364:
342:
329:
298:
297:
291:(in Italian)
18:Cuma (Italy)
5422:Herculaneum
5276:Place names
5188:Salmydessus
5010:Kalos Limen
4990:Chersonesus
4980:Borysthenes
4685:Tauromenion
4497:Metapontion
4259:Proto-Greek
4212:Erechtheion
4207:Athena Nike
4169:Philippeion
3998:Mathematics
3969:and science
3852:Agriculture
3716:Stesichorus
3626:Bacchylides
3616:Archilochus
3503:Antisthenes
3493:Anaximander
3465:Seven Sages
3455:Playwrights
3435:Geographers
3430:Astronomers
3257:Pezhetairos
2884: 1100
2864:Federations
2763:Megalopolis
2700:City states
2675:City states
2382:Monte Pruno
2359:Villa Jovis
2217:Herculaneum
1766:Livy, iv.44
1755:Aristodemus
1591:. vii.22.6.
1435:Fusaro Lake
1322:located at
1163:Arco Felice
1146:Arco Felice
1106:Herculaneum
1022:tholos tomb
1000:Archaeology
985:Archbishop
976:titular see
970:Titular see
892:Gothic Wars
885:titular see
640:Aristodemus
613:Aristodemus
586:Aristodemus
567:Aristodemus
426:pit-culture
180: /
156:Coordinates
5482:Categories
5417:Faraglioni
5178:Polemonion
5055:Phanagoria
5025:Kimmerikon
5020:Kerkinitis
5005:Hermonassa
4995:Dioscurias
4891:Aspalathos
4838:Kalathousa
4813:Akra Leuke
4742:Phoenicusa
4527:Scylletium
4512:Poseidonia
4432:Brentesion
4319:Pamphylian
4314:Macedonian
4232:Samothrace
4217:Hephaestus
4164:Long Walls
4143:Structures
4084:Underworld
4030:Technology
3993:Literature
3927:Philosophy
3892:Euergetism
3781:By culture
3726:Thucydides
3568:Pythagoras
3563:Protagoras
3553:Parmenides
3538:Heraclitus
3523:Empedocles
3513:Democritus
3498:Anaximenes
3488:Anaxagoras
3440:Historians
2933: 595
2920: 550
2901: 800
2886: – c.
2814:Cappadocia
2619:Ionian Sea
2609:Hellespont
2574:Aegean Sea
1778:, xii. 76.
1751:]. 26.
1568:Thucydides
1484:References
1320:underworld
896:Belisarius
676:in Cumae.
633:Tarquinius
617:Tarquinius
600:(see also
468:Pithecusae
422:Bronze Age
276:Management
271:Site notes
196:Settlement
165:40°50′55″N
5442:Solfatara
5264:in Epirus
5213:Trapezous
5158:Mesambria
5143:Eupatoria
5113:Apollonia
5108:Anchialos
5070:Theodosia
5040:Nymphaion
5030:Myrmekion
5000:Gorgippia
4956:Black Sea
4941:Tragurion
4926:Nymphaion
4911:Epidauros
4906:Epidamnos
4896:Apollonia
4873:Zacynthos
4795:Ptolemais
4789:Apollonia
4762:Cyrenaica
4752:Therassía
4747:Strongyle
4727:Ereikousa
4650:Leontinoi
4590:Apollonia
4467:Hipponion
4264:Mycenaean
4227:Parthenon
4159:Lion Gate
4062:Mythology
4025:Sculpture
3988:Astronomy
3922:Pederasty
3897:Festivals
3882:Education
3762:Lawgivers
3731:Timocreon
3711:Sophocles
3706:Simonides
3681:Philocles
3676:Panyassis
3671:Mimnermus
3636:Herodotus
3631:Euripides
3601:Aeschylus
3548:Leucippus
3508:Aristotle
3287:Strategos
3153:Synedrion
3107:Ostracism
3087:Areopagus
3039:Free city
2834:Macedonia
2718:Byzantion
2624:Macedonia
2589:Cyrenaica
2566:Geography
2500:Geography
2157:Casilinum
2075:Benevento
1870:), p. 877
1692:. iii.27.
1609:. VII, 2.
1585:Pausanias
1533:Fox, R.L.
1430:Graecians
1297:Mythology
1222:Sculpture
1181:via Appia
1149:The Forum
1095:nymphaeum
942:Giugliano
847:in which
837:Communion
809:via Appia
742:. In the
651:Etruscans
563:Etruscans
524:Etruscans
390:, Italy.
312:romanized
225:Abandoned
168:14°3′13″E
5498:Pozzuoli
5387:Aeclanum
5376:Campania
5313:Category
5291:Theatres
5218:Tripolis
5153:Kerasous
5148:Heraclea
5080:Tyritake
5035:Nikonion
4946:Thronion
4868:Salauris
4823:Emporion
4780:Berenice
4770:Balagrae
4722:Euonymos
4695:Tyndaris
4680:Syracuse
4675:Selinous
4645:Kamarina
4600:Casmenae
4585:Akrillai
4502:Neápolis
4437:Caulonia
4418:Mainland
4349:Linear B
4344:Linear A
4274:Dialects
4251:Language
4045:Religion
4003:Medicine
3937:Religion
3902:Folklore
3887:Emporium
3862:Clothing
3857:Calendar
3741:Xenophon
3736:Tyrtaeus
3721:Theognis
3696:Polybius
3691:Plutarch
3666:Menander
3646:Hipponax
3573:Socrates
3528:Epicurus
3374:Diadochi
3272:Sciritae
3232:Hetairoi
3207:Ballista
3172:Military
3135:Gerousia
3125:Ekklesia
3092:Ecclesia
3074:Athenian
3022:Politics
2935:–279 BC)
2922:–366 BC)
2903:–389 BC)
2839:Pergamon
2809:Bithynia
2802:Kingdoms
2743:Pergamon
2685:Military
2680:Politics
2477:Timeline
2349:Suessula
2312:Pozzuoli
2290:Oplontis
2229:Liternum
2167:Sinuessa
2102:Saticula
2020:Aeclanum
2004:Campania
1943:41587083
1741:Plutarch
1729:. vii.3.
1672:. ii.21.
1535:(2008).
1419:See also
1177:Domitian
1091:praetors
1083:basilica
853:diptychs
831:sent to
801:Domitian
771:Augustus
769:. Under
763:Octavian
748:Hannibal
705:basilica
647:Syracuse
606:Neapolis
592:city of
546:Misenum.
470:(modern
430:Iron Age
388:Campania
380:Pozzuoli
366:frazione
139:Campania
130:Location
5452:Stabiae
5432:Pompeii
5427:Paestum
5333:Outline
5286:Temples
5223:Zaliche
5203:Thèrmae
5193:Sesamus
5163:Odessos
5138:Cytorus
5133:Cotyora
4883:Illyria
4848:Mainake
4843:Kypsela
4732:Hycesia
4690:Thermae
4670:Segesta
4660:Messana
4615:Helorus
4595:Calacte
4575:Akragas
4537:Sybaris
4522:Rhegion
4477:Krimisa
4427:Alision
4336:Writing
4309:Locrian
4299:Epirote
4269:Homeric
4202:Artemis
4189:Temples
4130:Olympia
4100:Eleusis
4035:Theatre
4020:Pottery
3947:Warfare
3942:Slavery
3877:Economy
3872:Cuisine
3867:Coinage
3844:Society
3829:Culture
3824:Society
3772:Tyrants
3611:Alcaeus
3593:Authors
3543:Hypatia
3533:Gorgias
3470:Writers
3292:Toxotai
3262:Sarissa
3252:Peltast
3247:Phalanx
3227:Hoplite
3222:Hippeis
3145:Macedon
3117:Spartan
3102:Heliaia
3049:Proxeny
2758:Larissa
2753:Kerkyra
2748:Eretria
2738:Miletus
2733:Ephesus
2728:Corinth
2723:Chalcis
2644:Taurica
2514:Periods
2495:History
2387:Paestum
2344:Stabiae
2307:Pompeii
2130:Calatia
2120:Allifae
2092:Caudium
1712:. 2:34.
1573:. 4, 4.
1474:Ischian
1334:Gallery
1324:Avernus
1205:Agrippa
1076:stadium
869:Misenum
790:Misenum
786:Puteoli
674:Demeter
653:at the
598:Clusium
556:Aurunci
513:Misenum
509:Puteoli
501:Tritaea
477:oecists
456:Chalcis
452:Eretria
437:Ausones
397:History
382:in the
369:of the
349:Italian
330:(Kumai)
314::
284:Website
233:Periods
228:1207 AD
217:Founded
206:Builder
201:History
141:, Italy
5493:Bacoli
5323:Portal
5271:People
5259:Cities
5198:Sinope
5183:Rhizos
5173:Phasis
5123:Bathus
5118:Athina
5103:Amisos
5065:Tanais
5060:Pityus
4985:Charax
4936:Pharos
4931:Orikon
4828:Helike
4818:Alonis
4785:Cyrene
4717:Didyme
4630:Himera
4605:Catana
4567:Sicily
4557:Thurii
4552:Terina
4517:Pixous
4472:Hydrus
4447:Croton
4279:Aeolic
4197:Aphaea
4120:Dodona
4105:Delphi
4074:Temple
3750:Others
3701:Sappho
3686:Pindar
3661:Lucian
3656:Ibycus
3641:Hesiod
3578:Thales
3346:Rulers
3325:People
3302:Xyston
3297:Xiphos
3158:Koinon
3064:Tyrant
3054:Stasis
3044:Koinon
2844:Pontus
2819:Epirus
2788:Sparta
2778:Rhodes
2773:Megara
2768:Thebes
2713:Athens
2639:Pontus
2604:Epirus
2594:Cyprus
2579:Aeolis
2246:Naples
2234:Miseno
2195:Atella
2177:Vescia
2125:Ausona
2030:Compsa
1941:
1866:
1684:Cicero
1652:. 2.9.
1556:. v.4.
1551:Strabo
1361:Apollo
1328:Aeneas
994:O.F.M.
923:Miseno
904:Narses
900:Totila
727:Oscans
707:. The
662:Apollo
594:Aricia
560:Capuan
528:Romans
497:Sicily
493:Zancle
472:Ischia
460:Euboea
445:Opicia
433:Italic
376:Bacoli
372:comune
361:Euboea
343:(Kuma)
318:(Kumē)
261:Events
211:Euboea
146:Region
133:Cuma,
5402:Cumae
5281:Stoae
5249:Lists
5168:Oinòe
5091:coast
5089:South
5075:Tyras
5045:Olbia
5015:Kepoi
4968:coast
4966:North
4959:basin
4901:Aulon
4863:Rhode
4775:Barca
4665:Naxos
4620:Henna
4580:Akrai
4547:Taras
4532:Siris
4492:Medma
4487:Locri
4452:Cumae
4442:Chone
4420:Italy
4326:Koine
4304:Ionic
4294:Doric
4289:Attic
4110:Delos
4008:Music
3651:Homer
3606:Aesop
3558:Plato
3460:Poets
3130:Ephor
3082:Agora
3059:Tagus
3034:Boule
2783:Samos
2708:Argos
2614:Ionia
2599:Doris
2584:Crete
2419:Velia
2205:Cumae
2200:Baiae
2135:Cales
1939:JSTOR
1747:[
1441:Notes
1388:Diana
1275:Nymph
1247:Diana
883:as a
839:with
734:Capua
670:Ceres
590:Latin
552:Dauni
441:Opici
408:Early
324:Κύμαι
299:Cumae
38:Cumae
5208:Tium
4975:Akra
4916:Issa
4610:Gela
4482:Laüs
4457:Elea
4115:Dion
3967:Arts
3957:Wine
3583:Zeno
3180:Wars
1917:CNRS
1864:ISBN
1704:Livy
1664:Livy
1644:Livy
1063:the
936:and
873:sees
701:Zeus
629:Livy
554:and
511:and
454:and
439:and
378:and
353:Cuma
337:Κύμα
307:Κύμη
193:Type
50:Cuma
32:Cuma
3912:Law
1314:In
803:'s
495:in
458:in
447:).
334:or
321:or
239:to
5484::
2930:c.
2917:c.
2898:c.
2881:c.
1937:.
1933:.
1915:.
1791:.
1743:.
1726:.
1706:.
1686:.
1666:.
1646:.
1628:.
1605:.
1587:.
1570:.
1553:.
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1499:.
1458:c.
1067:.
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754:.
642:.
615:.
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515:.
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386:,
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347:;
309:,
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