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was thereby brought under experimenter control. The new cue was that the cube moved upward or downward on every trial (contingent on its direction of rotation). Test trials contained the new cue but not the trusted cue. On these trials, trainees tended to see the cube rotating in the same direction it had during training (depending on whether its motion was upward or downward).
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Perceptually bistable stimuli are often used to test for cue recruitment because they allow the experimenter to measure very small cue-contingent biases in appearance. Bistable stimuli are useful for a second reason as well: trainees can easily report appearance for these stimuli. As a result, if
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stimulus. This stimulus is perceptually bistable and may appear to rotate either left or right. To test for cue recruitment, binocular disparity cues (3D cues) were added to the Necker cube, to specify which part of the cube was in front and which was in back. The apparent direction of rotation
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learning occurs during the experiment, the experimenter can be sure that the learning caused a change in how the stimulus looked, rather than a change in the explicit strategy used by the trainee during responding.
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in which one (or at most a few) new signal(s) are put into correlation with one or a few trusted cues. Cue recruitment (a change in perceptual appearance) does not always occur during a cue recruitment experiment.
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Backus (2011). Recruitment of new visual cues for perceptual appearance. Chapter 6 (pp. 101–119) in: Sensory Cue
Integration. Edited by Trommershäuser, Körding, and Landy. Oxford University Press.
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with trusted cues, which makes the signal into an artificial cue. If the artificial cue acquires the ability to affect appearance in a manner similar to the trusted cues, it is said to have been
103:. When two or more trusted cues are available to estimate the same property of the world, human perceptual systems usually exhibit
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that can be measured by an observer's perceptual system, that is informative about the state of some property of the world. A
113:. A complex pattern of signals can be learned to act as a cue that affects appearance (Sinha & Poggio, 1996).
107:, and it is possible to change the relative weights given to different cues through training (Ernst et al., 2000).
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changes in the system's use of cues. Examples of cue learning that are not cue recruitment include:
170:. Demonstration of cue recruitment: Change in visual appearance by means of Pavlovian conditioning.
119:. The way that a particular cue is utilized can be modified by experience (Adams et al., 2001).
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Cue recruitment was demonstrated by
Haijiang et al. (2006) using a computer-generated rotating
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Adams, Banks, and van Ee (2001). Adaptation to three-dimensional distortions in human vision.
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Sinha and Poggio (1996). Role of learning in three-dimensional form perception.
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Ernst, Banks, and
Bulthoff (2000). Touch can change visual slant perception.
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53:(what one "sees") that depends on the world state. In a
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137:External links and references
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172:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
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55:cue recruitment experiment
16:Form of learning illusions
70:classical conditioning
74:associative learning
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