1353:, a Washington-based group supporting the bill, issued a press release stating that "74 of Cuba's most prominent political dissidents have endorsed the Peterson-Moran legislation to end the travel ban and expand food exports to Cuba because in their words it is good for human rights, good for alleviating hunger, and good for spreading information and showing solidarity with the Cuban people. Their letter answers every argument the pro-embargo forces use to oppose this legislation. This, itself, answers the question 'who is speaking for the Cuban people in this debate?' - those who want to send food and Americans to visit the island and stand with ordinary Cubans, or those who don't. If Cuba's best known bloggers, dissidents, hunger strikers, and other activists for human rights want this legislation enacted, what else needs be said?" The Center also hosts English as well as the Spanish version of the letter signed by the 74 dissidents.
1186:. To the original list of 75 prisoners of conscience resulting from the wave of arrests in spring 2003, Amnesty International added four more dissidents in January 2004. They had been arrested in the same context as the other 75 but did not receive their sentences until much later. These prisoners have since been released in the face of international pressure. Tripartite talks between the Cuban government, the Catholic Church in Cuba and the Spanish government were initiated in spring 2010 in reaction to the controversial death of political prisoner Orlando Zapata Tamayo in February 2010 following a
1316:
note. Will they succeed in sparking a popular movement, or at least consciousness of the need for democracy in Cuba? Who knows. The youngest sector of Cuban society is the one least committed to the dictatorship but at the same time the most apolitical, the one most permeated with political skepticism, escapism, and other similar "isms". It would seem, however, that after 50 years of dictatorship, public rejection of that regime is taking on more original and independent forms. Finally, a breeze of fresh, hopeful air.
1414:, an imprisoned activist and dissident, died while on a hunger strike for more than 80 days. Zapata went on the strike in protest against the Cuban government for having denied him the choice of wearing white dissident clothes instead of the designated prisoner uniform, as well as denouncing the living conditions of other prisoners. As part of his claim, Zapata was asking for the prisoners conditions to be comparable to those that Fidel Castro had while incarcerated after his 1953 attack against the
960:
46:
3900:
1340:, who helped found the Damas de Blanco, or Ladies in White, a group of wives and mothers of jailed dissidents. The letter supports a bill introduced on 23 February by Rep. Collin Peterson, a Minnesota Democrat, that would bar the president from prohibiting travel to Cuba or blocking transactions required to make such trips. It also would bar the White House from stopping direct transfers between US and Cuban banks. The signers stated that:
3910:
1507:
691:
1200:
3920:
1362:
903:
Brigades, or
Brigadas de Respuesta Rápida) observe and control dissidents. The regime also "maintains academic and labor files (expedientes escolares y laborales) for each citizen, in which officials record actions or statements that may bear on the person's loyalty to the regime. Before advancing to a new school or position, the individual's record must first be deemed acceptable".
1242:(known as Antúnez) was jailed for criticizing communism and spent 17 years in jail until released in 2007. As the longest-serving jailed black dissident when he was released, he has been referred to as Cuba's Nelson Mandela. Nelson Mendela, on the other hand, was an outspoken supporter of the Cuban Revolution and Fidel Castro, crediting him with the liberation of his country.
956:, dissident groups are weak and infiltrated by Cuban state security. Media is totally state-controlled. Dissidents find it difficult to organize and "Many of their leaders have shown enormous courage in defying the regime. Yet, time and again, the security apparatus has discredited or destroyed them. They do not represent a major threat to the regime."
874:
1999 report on Cuba notes that Cuba has penalties for anyone who "threatens, libels or slanders, defames, affronts (injuria) or in any other way insults (ultraje) or offends, with the spoken word or in writing, the dignity or decorum of an authority, public functionary, or his agents or auxiliaries".
1320:
On 29 March 2009, at Tania
Bruguera's performance where a podium with an open mic was staged for people to have one minute of uncensored public speech, Sánchez was among people to publicly criticize censorship in Cuba and said that "the time has come to jump over the wall of control". The government
1335:
On
Thursday, 10 June 2010, seventy-four of Cuba's dissidents signed a letter to the United States Congress in support of a bill that would lift the US travel ban for Americans wishing to visit Cuba. The signers include blogger Yoani Sanchez and hunger striker Guillermo Farinas, as well as Elizardo
1408:(known as Antúnez) has done hunger strikes. In 2009, following the end of his 17-year imprisonment, Antúnez, his wife Iris, and Diosiris Santana Pérez started a hunger strike to support other political prisoners. Leaders from Uruguay, Costa Rica, and Argentina declared their support for Antúnez.
1315:
Amid the paralysis of the dissident movement, bloggers, with Yoani Sánchez in the lead, rebel artists such as the writer
Orlando Luís Pardo, and musicians such as Gorki Aguila are a promising sign of growing civic resistance to the Cuban dictatorship. And "el castrismo", without doubt, has taken
875:
There are even harsher penalties for those who show contempt for the
President of the Council of the State, the President of the National Assembly of Popular Power, the members of the Council of the State or the Council of Ministers, or the Deputies of the National Assembly of the Popular Power.
1190:
amid reports of massive abuse at the hands of prison staff. These negotiations resulted in a July 2010 agreement that all remaining prisoners of the 'Group of 75' would be freed. Spain offered to receive those prisoners who would agree to be released and immediately exiled together with their
902:
In 1991, two new mechanisms for internal surveillance and control emerged. Communist Party leaders organized the
Singular Systems of Vigilance and Protection (Sistema Unico de Vigilancia y Protección, SUVP). Rapid Action Brigades (Brigadas de Acción Rapida, also referred to as Rapid Response
1494:"In any nation, is illegal, That is precisely what the United States is trying to promote in Cuba today . depressing the standard of living of the population and at the same time pouring millions of US taxpayer dollars into urging people to act against the government,"
1191:
families. Of the 79 prisoners of conscience 56 were still behind bars at the time of the agreement. Of the total group, 21 are still living in Cuba today whereas the others are in exile, most of them in Spain. The final two prisoners were released on 23 March 2011.
1376:, an imprisoned poet and dissident, declared himself on hunger strike. After 53 days on hunger strike without receiving medical assistance and receiving only liquids, he died of starvation on 25 May 1972. His last days were related by his close friend, poet
992:
and "Using the principles of democracy and human rights to unite and mobilize this vast, dispossessed majority in the face of a highly repressive regime is the key to peaceful change". Working people are a critical source of discontent. The only legal
196:
1344:
We share the opinion that the isolation of the people of Cuba benefits the most inflexible interests of its government, while any opening serves to inform and empower the Cuban people and helps to further strengthen our civil society.
408:
210:
2553:
878:
There is a three-month to one-year sentence for anyone who "publicly defames, denigrates, or scorns the
Republic's institutions, the political, mass, or social organizations of the country, or the heroes or martyrs of the
396:
307:
1125:, a former member of the Christian Liberation Movement, it has defined itself as a civic organization that advocates for a peaceful but firm fight against any repression of civil liberties in the Republic of Cuba.
367:
86:
174:
1311:
by Ivette Leyva
Martinez, speaks to the role played by Yoani Sanchez and other young people, outside the Cuban opposition and dissidence movements, in working towards a free and democratic Cuba today:
461:
437:
465:
1350:
98:
441:
2549:
303:
2569:
3297:
182:
2188:
1330:
390:
350:
330:
2524:
471:
340:
246:
202:
1487:
428:
360:
1337:
1275:
447:
345:
2743:
256:
216:
2537:
895:
Regarding institutions, the Human Rights Watch report notes that the
Interior Ministry has principal responsibility for monitoring the Cuban population for signs of
2273:
1281:
423:
2377:
355:
2462:
1863:
839:
as well as other "deviant" groups who were excluded from military conscription, were forced to conduct their compulsory military service in work camps called "
413:
227:
2844:
452:
418:
107:
3080:
2436:
1582:
1182:, the regime imprisoned 75 dissidents, including 29 journalists. Their cases were reviewed by Amnesty International who officially adopted them as
103:
2786:
2584:
1890:
3851:
125:
2595:
151:
113:
2488:
2008:
1479:
Cuban dissident groups have received millions in funding from the USA government and are considered by the Cuban government to be part of the
1021:
3364:
2408:
1128:
3407:
2679:
2661:
2566:
567:
141:
2255:
1948:
1024:. The Cuban Commission of Human Rights reported that there were 6,602 detentions of government opponents in 2012, up from 4,123 in 2011.
728:
147:
2192:
3974:
1631:
1070:
2083:
3417:
2542:
137:
2520:
1607:
1834:
864:
93:
2607:
3292:
1233:
1223:
167:
2643:
2625:
2287:
701:
3964:
3452:
2920:
2773:
2765:
2705:
2819:
1136:, a group of writers, artists, academics and journalists protesting restriction on freedom of expression, beginning in 2018.
3200:
625:
527:
3412:
3959:
3391:
3331:
1105:, an organization to promote the "study, defense, and denunciation of human rights inside Cuba". The group was formed by
1032:
There are a number of opposition parties and groups that campaign for political change in Cuba. Though amendments to the
612:
608:
317:
2305:
2163:
3944:
3040:
2961:
2385:
1768:
1258:
594:
589:
3287:
2269:
1748:
1163:
532:
515:
510:
386:
2466:
3349:
3004:
1480:
1156:
979:
936:
840:
792:
550:
17:
476:
3863:
3805:
2868:
1078:
833:, all opposition newspapers had been closed down and all radio and television stations were under state control.
669:
130:
2739:
2056:
1859:
3923:
3489:
3314:
2933:
1139:
1082:
721:
674:
272:
931:. The island had the second highest number of imprisoned journalists in the world in 2008, second only to the
3984:
3979:
3969:
1074:
1056:
932:
660:
2440:
2429:
850:
In nearly all areas of government, loyalty to the regime became the primary criterion for all appointments.
3692:
3677:
3579:
3137:
3060:
2236:
1820:
1405:
1239:
1229:
1207:
963:
952:
372:
3875:
3815:
3810:
3795:
3608:
3240:
3185:
1801:
1787:
1575:
780:
335:
299:
2892:
598:
3954:
3770:
3630:
3494:
3369:
2874:
2370:
1923:
2862:
882:
Cubans are not allowed to produce, distribute or store publications without informing the authorities.
3949:
3596:
3270:
3255:
2981:
2956:
2913:
1399:
1211:
714:
582:
3125:
2825:
236:
188:
3836:
3359:
3354:
3019:
2994:
2492:
2000:
1444:
223:
2506:
2404:
1555:
1245:
1219:
3745:
3657:
3245:
3190:
3180:
3009:
2654:
2636:
2550:"74 of Cuba's Leading Dissidents Urge Congress to End Travel Ban and Increase Food Sales to Cuba"
2422:
2111:
1757:
1118:
1115:, a small terrorist group that operated against the Cuban government from the 1960s to the 1980s.
1037:
1017:
788:
79:
3117:
2683:
2665:
1545:
290:
3858:
3846:
3482:
3326:
3321:
3195:
3170:
3165:
3121:
2567:
74 of Cuba’s
Leading Dissidents Urge Congress to End Travel Ban and Increase Food Sales to Cuba
1992:
1381:
1183:
1050:
1012:
warned that repression of Cuban dissidents was on the rise over the past two years, citing the
562:
313:
285:
3129:
1955:
988:
states that about nine-tenths of the populace forms an economically and politically oppressed
3870:
3841:
3820:
3647:
2839:
1422:
1009:
860:
3509:
1122:
1106:
3723:
3549:
3469:
3464:
3260:
3230:
3133:
3055:
3050:
2986:
2906:
2672:
1898:
1530:
1033:
984:
885:
804:
648:
59:
2351:
2329:
2251:
1391:
1040:, these parties are not permitted to engage in public political activities on the island.
278:
118:
8:
3652:
3447:
3374:
3275:
3045:
3014:
2838:
Web site in Spanish and English with articles by Cubans inside of Cuba and outside. From
1973:
1525:
1520:
1179:
1133:
1096:
653:
630:
401:
323:
2214:
3750:
3635:
3625:
3591:
3304:
3265:
3235:
3106:
2829:
2088:
2030:
1915:
1611:
1535:
1464:
1395:
1377:
871:
808:
758:
746:
2288:"Three years after "black spring" the independent press refuses to remain in the dark"
3667:
3662:
3574:
3504:
3457:
3309:
3250:
3175:
3153:
3101:
2976:
2971:
2769:
2761:
2611:
1919:
1794:
1744:
1688:
1373:
1365:
1321:
condemned the event. Sánchez was then placed under surveillance by the Cuban police.
1102:
769:
754:
557:
495:
381:
268:
2262:
2137:
1398:. He ended it in autumn 2006 with severe health problems, although still conscious.
3697:
3672:
3620:
3603:
3214:
3024:
2647:
2629:
2291:
1907:
1540:
1415:
1254:
1150:
940:
822:
765:
762:
36:
2697:
2306:"Cuba: No surrender by independent journalists, five years on from "black spring""
1737:
1298:
844:
3913:
3800:
3790:
3765:
3569:
3525:
3499:
3435:
3065:
2999:
2966:
2941:
2573:
1550:
1307:
1284:, Brigadier General. Highest government official to have defected so far, in 1987
1203:
1088:
928:
1269:
1263:
1060:
3785:
3755:
3702:
3586:
3554:
3070:
1965:
1764:
1411:
1294:
1092:
1064:
1002:
776:
620:
2437:"Foreign Policy Espanol: Los 10 intelectuales mas influyentes de iberoamerica"
944:
3938:
3903:
3775:
3709:
3687:
3642:
3615:
3564:
2849:
2787:"Biden Must Reprogram US Funds Assigned for Subversion in Cuba, Analysts Say"
2312:
1886:
1187:
1013:
922:
913:
826:
2423:"Castro Speech Data Base - Latin American Network Information Center, LANIC"
2344:
2330:"Cuba: "Essential measures"? Human rights crackdown in the name of security"
2732:
2455:
1434:
1145:
959:
818:
2626:"Guillermo Fariñas ends seven-month-old hunger strike for Internet access"
1036:
of 1992 decriminalized the right to form political parties other than the
3740:
3559:
3282:
2513:
2249:
1512:
1468:
1249:
994:
695:
66:
2760:(Cambridge Studies in Contentious Politics)) Cambridge University Press
1443:
More than one million Cubans of all social classes have left the island
943:
is a central organization; it controls 60 percent of the economy and is
3682:
3474:
3085:
3075:
2380:
Fecha histórica: concluye liberación de prisioneros del Grupo de los 75
2057:"Andres Nazario Sargen, 88; a Leader of Alpha 66, an Anti-Castro Group"
1911:
998:
989:
967:
836:
45:
2835:
2225:
3544:
3780:
1361:
1266:, human rights activist, founder of the Human Rights Center of Miami
2662:"Additional Latin American Leaders Join in Solidarity with Antúnez"
2644:"Cyber-freedom prize for 2006 awarded to Guillermo Fariñas of Cuba"
1765:"10 most censored countries – The Committee to Protect Journalists"
1438:
1044:
917:
784:
2049:
1199:
3760:
2886:
2836:
Letter from Cuba (Independent Press from Inside and Outside Cuba)
2023:
2001:"Cuban group says political detentions rose dramatically in 2012"
1394:
did a seven-month hunger strike to protest against the extensive
1112:
896:
892:, can warrant "pre-criminal measures" and "therapeutic measures".
2898:
2232:
1998:
1053:, based in the United States and supported by the US government.
847:". Some of Castro's military commanders brutalized the inmates.
3735:
2250:
Carlos Lauria; Monica Campbell; María Salazar (18 March 2008).
1460:
1456:
1385:
2189:"Dueling positions on Cuba on display at Obama's State of the"
1336:
Sanchez, head of Cuba's most prominent human rights group and
1232:, a jailed nuclear engineer and journalist, received the 2008
795:
to covertly destabilize the Party's control over the country.
2680:"Young Uruguayans Support Antúnez, Cuban Political Prisoners"
2628:. Reporters Without Borders. 1 September 2006. Archived from
1448:
1324:
2929:
2311:. The Reporters Without Borders. March 2008. Archived from
1713:
1331:
Cuban Hunger Strike to Free Political Prisoners – Cuba 2010
1020:
Yasmin Conyedo Riveron, Yusmani Rafael Alvarez Esmori, and
750:
2112:"Cuba puts leading dissident on trial, his supporters say"
1679:
1704:
1632:"Cuba slams US funding to "promote democracy" as illegal"
867:, which "develops and coordinates propaganda strategies".
2560:
1698:
1059:, a movement and group of Catholics that was founded by
997:
is controlled by the government and strikes are banned.
2880:
2596:
Spanish version of the letter by Cuban dissidents (PDF)
2585:
English version of the letter by Cuban dissidents (PDF)
2272:. The Committee to Protect Journalists. 17 March 2009.
2215:"Cuban police raid HQ of dissident San Isidro Movement"
1999:
Jeff Franks; Jane Sutton; Paul Simao (3 January 2013).
1452:
2758:
Political Disaffection in Cuba's Revolution and Exodus
2270:"Black Spring of 2003: A former Cuban prisoner speaks"
1576:"The Cuban Democracy Movement: An Analytical Overview"
1222:, a poet, writer, and a journalist, received the 2003
753:
whose aim is to replace the current government with a
1610:. Human Rights Watch. 18 January 2006. Archived from
2589:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1502:
1402:
awarded its cyber-freedom prize to Fariñas in 2006.
2578:
1802:"II. CUBA'S INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS OBLIGATIONS"
1673:
Health, politics, and revolution in Cuba since 1898
1664:
2507:"Participants in art show branded as 'dissidents'"
2164:"Cuba Dissidents Win Award but Not Obama Audience"
2084:"SUSPECTED HEAD OF OMEGA 7 TERRORIST GROUP SEIZED"
1736:
1734:
1687:
1303:10 Most Influential Intellectuals of Latin America
1974:"Amnesty denounces detentions of Cuba opposition"
1885:
1808:
1775:
843:" in the 1960s, and were subjected to political "
3936:
2538:Cuban dissidents cheer bill to end US travel ban
2092:. Miami (Fla); Cuba; New Jersey; Washington (Dc)
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1670:
939:(CPJ), an international press organization. The
912:In 2017, Cuba was described as one of only two "
2290:. The Reporters Without Borders. Archived from
2243:
2031:"Cuba Jails 3 Men as Suspects in Sabotage Plot"
1788:"III. IMPEDIMENTS TO HUMAN RIGHTS IN CUBAN LAW"
1016:hunger strike death, as well as the arrests of
2729:, by Ann Louisse Bardach and Luis Conte Aguero
2191:. Local10.com. 21 January 2015. Archived from
1954:. Harvard International Review. Archived from
1860:"CPJ's 2008 prison census: Online and in jail"
779:received both funding and assistance from the
2949:
2914:
2740:"Jailed Cuba dissident dies in hunger strike"
2463:"El Nuevo Herald: The wall of the dissidence"
2405:"Castro opponent free after 17 years in jail"
1870:
1852:
1573:
1129:Rosa Parks Feminist Movement for Civil Rights
722:
3408:Committees for the Defense of the Revolution
2820:International Freedom of Expression Exchange
2750:
2354:Cuba: Newly Declared Prisoners of Conscience
1835:"Democracy continues its disturbing retreat"
1380:. He was buried in an unmarked grave in the
1305:, the only woman on the list. An article in
791:to allege that all dissidents are part of a
568:Committees for the Defense of the Revolution
2646:. Reporters Without Borders. Archived from
2521:"Yoani sends a thank you note to her spies"
2499:
2322:
1685:
1022:Antonio Michel and Marcos Máiquel Lima Cruz
2921:
2907:
2822:– Monitoring freedom of expression in Cuba
1971:
1728:
1325:June 2010 letter to United States Congress
825:of 1959. By the end of 1960, according to
729:
715:
2881:Cuban American National Foundation (CANF)
2776:p. 2 and many other sections of this book
1941:
1655:
3418:Military Counterintelligence Directorate
2481:
2254:. The Committee To Protect Journalists.
2233:"Yo No Coopero Con La Dictadura website"
2081:
2075:
1629:
1360:
1198:
1047:, a paramilitary founded by Cuban exiles
970:as a capitulation to the Castro's regime
958:
813:
2720:
2690:
2491:. Reuters. 1 April 2009. Archived from
2489:"Cuba accuses blogger of "provocation""
2397:
1719:
1288:
865:Department of Revolutionary Orientation
853:
14:
3937:
3537:
2556:from the original on 12 December 2013.
2531:
2367:Amnesty International, 29 January 2004
1771:from the original on 22 December 2010.
1658:Authoritarian regimes in Latin America
1600:
1001:dissidents have also risen, fueled by
950:According to a paper published in the
831:Authoritarian Regimes in Latin America
2902:
2600:
2239:from the original on 26 October 2013.
1906:(Can Cuba change?, number 1): 36–54.
1889:; Gutierrez, Orlando (January 2009).
1234:CPJ International Press Freedom Award
1224:CPJ International Press Freedom Award
1093:Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought
2856:
2332:. Amnesty International. 3 June 2003
2298:
2276:from the original on 30 August 2011.
2258:from the original on 30 August 2011.
2082:Treaster, Joseph B. (23 July 1983).
1862:. Committee to Protect Journalists.
1649:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1588:from the original on 21 January 2022
1581:. Florida International University.
1425:died after a 50+ day hunger strike.
1351:Center for Democracy in the Americas
1063:. They are notable for starting the
3392:National Revolutionary Police Force
3350:Revolutionary Armed Forces (MINFAR)
3293:National Assembly of People's Power
2708:from the original on 16 August 2011
2618:
2280:
1866:from the original on 29 March 2014.
1630:Sherwood, Dave (2 September 2022).
1027:
24:
3041:United States embargo against Cuba
2779:
2746:from the original on 26 June 2013.
2727:The Prison Letters of Fidel Castro
2527:from the original on 21 July 2011.
2411:from the original on 15 June 2009.
1949:"Challenges to a Post-Castro Cuba"
1567:
1368:, a poet who died on hunger strike
1259:Cuban American National Foundation
907:
25:
3996:
3413:Dirección General de Inteligencia
2928:
2808:
2011:from the original on 26 June 2013
1705:Dilip K. Das; Michael Palmiotto.
1618:
1356:
1194:
1164:List of political parties in Cuba
462:Office of the Comptroller General
3918:
3908:
3899:
3898:
2845:Fidel Castro: Fervent Opposition
2813:
2142:Patriotic Union of Cuba | UNPACU
1505:
1157:Assembly of the Cuban Resistance
980:National Endowment for Democracy
937:Committee to Protect Journalists
859:The media is operated under the
841:Military Units to Aid Production
689:
44:
3909:
2791:Resumen LatinoAmericano English
2415:
2207:
2181:
2156:
2130:
2104:
1827:
1481:United States strategy for Cuba
1428:
1278:, bureaucrat, defected in 1981.
1173:
1079:Centrist Democrat International
2523:. France24. 17 February 2009.
1574:Utset, Xavier (16 June 2008).
1140:Yo No Coopero Con La Dictadura
1083:International Democratic Union
768:represses nearly all forms of
438:Office of the Attorney General
13:
1:
2509:. Miami Herald. 1 April 2009.
1561:
1168:
1075:non-governmental organization
1057:Christian Liberation Movement
798:
775:Some dissident groups in the
477:Gladys María Bejerano Portela
3975:Cuba–United States relations
3965:Political repression in Cuba
3061:Cuban intervention in Angola
2893:Movimiento Libertario Cubano
2742:. Reuters. 20 January 2012.
1972:Paul Haven (21 March 2012).
1483:to destabilize the country.
1257:(1939–1997), founder of the
1144:I Do Not Cooperate with the
1071:Cuban Democratic Directorate
953:Harvard International Review
7:
2608:"Foreword to 'Boitel Vive'"
1823:. Human Rights Watch. 1999.
1790:. Human Rights Watch. 1999.
1735:Clifford L. Staten (2003).
1722:Machos, Maricones, and Gays
1690:Machos, Maricones, and Gays
1498:
1396:Internet censorship in Cuba
888:, defined as violations of
781:U.S. Intelligence Community
590:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
341:Jorge Luis Perdomo Di-Lella
10:
4001:
3960:Opposition to Fidel Castro
3370:Territorial Troops Militia
2407:. Reuters. 23 April 2007.
2252:"Cuba's Long Black Spring"
1891:"Ferment in civil society"
1821:"VIII. ROUTINE REPRESSION"
1488:Carlos Fernandez de Cossio
1474:
1432:
1328:
1161:
933:People's Republic of China
802:
429:Filiberto Caballero Tamayo
131:José Ramón Machado Ventura
27:Political movement in Cuba
3945:Cuban democracy movements
3894:
3829:
3731:
3722:
3533:
3524:
3443:
3434:
3400:
3384:
3342:
3226:
3222:
3213:
3161:
3152:
3094:
3081:Fidel's transfer of power
3033:
2982:Cuban War of Independence
2940:
1707:World Police Encyclopedia
1400:Reporters Without Borders
1276:Jose Luis Llovio-Menendez
1212:Orlando Gutierrez-Boronat
1143:
373:José Amado Ricardo Guerra
743:Cuban dissident movement
599:Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla
551:Administrative divisions
351:Inés María Chapman Waugh
346:Jorge Luis Tapia Fonseca
1471:, and other countries.
1406:Jorge Luis García Pérez
1240:Jorge Luis García Pérez
1230:Héctor Maseda Gutiérrez
1208:Jorge Luis García Pérez
1184:prisoners of conscience
1119:Patriotic Union of Cuba
1038:Communist Party of Cuba
1018:prisoners of conscience
964:Jorge Luis García Pérez
821:came to power with the
789:Communist Party of Cuba
787:, which has caused the
361:Alejandro Gil Fernández
3490:International rankings
3327:Prime Minister of Cuba
3322:Vice President of Cuba
2572:13 August 2010 at the
1671:Katherine Hirschfeld.
1496:
1486:Vice Foreign Minister
1369:
1347:
1318:
1215:
1180:"Black Spring" in 2003
1051:Center for a Free Cuba
971:
793:United States strategy
609:Diplomatic missions of
424:Yamir Rodriguez Tamayo
387:People's Supreme Court
336:Ramiro Valdés Menendéz
247:Ana María Marí Machado
237:Esteban Lazo Hernández
203:Ana María Marí Machado
189:Esteban Lazo Hernández
2875:US-Cuba Democracy Pac
2869:Cuban Liberty Council
2840:San Juan, Puerto Rico
2756:Pedraza, Silvia 2007
1804:. Human Rights Watch.
1556:Canek Sánchez Guevara
1492:
1490:told Reuters in 2022:
1423:Wilmar Villar Mendoza
1412:Orlando Zapata Tamayo
1364:
1342:
1313:
1246:Canek Sánchez Guevara
1220:Manuel Vázquez Portal
1202:
1010:Amnesty International
962:
861:Cuban Communist Party
814:1959 Cuban Revolution
661:Foreign interventions
356:Ricardo Cabrisas Ruiz
331:Deputy Prime Minister
257:Homero Acosta Álvarez
217:Homero Acosta Álvarez
3985:21st century in Cuba
3980:20th century in Cuba
3970:Resistance movements
3693:Association Football
3678:Scouting and Guiding
3470:Dual economy of Cuba
3241:Council of Ministers
3201:World Heritage Sites
3056:Cuban Missile Crisis
3051:Bay of Pigs Invasion
2995:Spanish–American War
2863:Free Cuba Foundation
2704:. 24 February 2010.
2698:"BBS News: Americas"
2632:on 22 February 2008.
2614:on 14 November 2013.
1929:on 18 September 2009
1899:Journal of Democracy
1686:Ian Lumsden (1996).
1614:on 14 November 2008.
1546:Darsi Ferrer Ramírez
1531:Human rights in Cuba
1445:to the United States
1289:Independent bloggers
1282:Rafael del Pino Díaz
985:Journal of Democracy
886:Social dangerousness
854:Government authority
805:Human rights in Cuba
414:Maricela Sosa Ravelo
300:Council of Ministers
291:Salvador Valdés Mesa
3046:Escambray rebellion
2686:on 27 October 2012.
2668:on 27 October 2012.
2469:on 28 February 2009
2221:. 27 November 2020.
1743:. Greenwood Press.
1739:The history of Cuba
1526:2024 Cuban protests
1521:2021 Cuban protests
1134:San Isidro Movement
1097:European Parliament
935:, according to the
472:Comptroller General
419:Farah Saucedo Perez
402:Ruben Remigio Ferro
324:Manuel Marrero Cruz
3495:Telecommunications
3360:Revolutionary Navy
3355:Revolutionary Army
3236:Corruption in Cuba
2962:Colonial governors
2895:– official website
2889:– official website
2883:– official website
2877:- official website
2871:– official website
2865:– official website
2830:Human Rights Watch
2826:Human Rights Watch
2168:Washingtonpost.com
2118:. 26 February 2020
2089:The New York Times
2037:. AP. 22 June 2001
2035:The New York Times
1980:. Associated Press
1912:10.1353/jod.0.0051
1536:Censorship in Cuba
1465:Dominican Republic
1378:Armando Valladares
1370:
1216:
1123:José Daniel Ferrer
1107:Oscar Elías Biscet
1034:Cuban Constitution
972:
890:socialist morality
872:Human Rights Watch
809:Censorship in Cuba
759:Human Rights Watch
747:political movement
668:Internationalism:
3955:Cuban nationalism
3932:
3931:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3718:
3717:
3520:
3519:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3310:President of Cuba
3288:Political parties
3271:Human trafficking
3256:Foreign relations
3209:
3208:
3148:
3147:
3102:History of Havana
2857:Opposition groups
2847:– a slideshow by
2774:978-0-521-68729-4
2766:978-0-521-68729-4
2552:(Press release).
2294:on 21 March 2009.
2195:on 18 August 2016
2061:Los Angeles Times
1392:Guillermo Fariñas
1374:Pedro Luis Boitel
1372:On 3 April 1972,
1366:Pedro Luis Boitel
1103:Lawton Foundation
1077:aligned with the
770:political dissent
755:liberal democracy
739:
738:
626:Visa requirements
583:Foreign relations
503:Recent elections
453:Yamila Peña Ojeda
279:Miguel Díaz-Canel
265:Presidency (9th)
168:National Assembly
119:Miguel Díaz-Canel
104:Central Committee
16:(Redirected from
3992:
3950:Cuban dissidents
3922:
3921:
3912:
3911:
3902:
3901:
3852:Baseball players
3729:
3728:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3483:Convertible peso
3478:
3441:
3440:
3246:Council of State
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3159:
3158:
3138:Santiago de Cuba
2947:
2946:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2783:
2777:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2682:. Archived from
2676:
2670:
2669:
2664:. Archived from
2658:
2652:
2651:
2650:on 20 June 2008.
2640:
2634:
2633:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2610:. Archived from
2604:
2598:
2593:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2546:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2495:on 5 April 2009.
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2465:. Archived from
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2439:. Archived from
2433:
2427:
2426:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2388:on 25 June 2011.
2384:. Archived from
2374:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2138:"Sobre nosotros"
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2063:. 9 October 2004
2053:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2016:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1961:on 10 June 2010.
1960:
1953:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1928:
1922:. Archived from
1895:
1883:
1868:
1867:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1817:
1806:
1805:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1784:
1773:
1772:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1742:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1627:
1616:
1615:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1580:
1571:
1541:Civil resistance
1515:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1416:Moncada Barracks
1255:Jorge Mas Canosa
1151:civil resistance
1148:
1028:Dissident groups
976:Can Cuba Change?
941:military of Cuba
916:regimes" in the
823:Cuban Revolution
766:Cuban government
763:Marxist-Leninist
731:
724:
717:
694:
693:
692:
448:Attorney General
224:Council of State
213:
199:
185:
126:Second Secretary
48:
37:Politics of Cuba
32:
31:
21:
18:Cuban dissidents
4000:
3999:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3919:
3882:
3825:
3714:
3658:Public holidays
3648:Musical theater
3516:
3476:
3453:Agrarian reform
3422:
3396:
3385:Law enforcement
3380:
3338:
3205:
3144:
3090:
3066:Mariel boatlift
3034:Post-Revolution
3029:
3000:Platt Amendment
2987:Sinking of USS
2936:
2927:
2887:Proyecto Varela
2859:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2755:
2751:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2711:
2709:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2579:
2574:Wayback Machine
2565:
2561:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2536:
2532:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2472:
2470:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2446:
2444:
2443:on 16 July 2012
2435:
2434:
2430:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2394:, 22 March 2011
2376:
2375:
2371:
2360:
2358:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2318:on 2 July 2009.
2315:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2248:
2244:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2119:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2040:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
1997:
1993:
1983:
1981:
1970:
1966:
1958:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1893:
1884:
1871:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1776:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1733:
1729:
1718:
1714:
1703:
1699:
1684:
1680:
1669:
1665:
1656:Paul H. Lewis.
1654:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1628:
1619:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1551:Antonio Rodiles
1511:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1477:
1441:
1433:Main articles:
1431:
1359:
1333:
1327:
1308:El Nuevo Herald
1297:magazine named
1291:
1204:Antonio Rodiles
1197:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1089:Ladies in White
1030:
929:Democracy Index
910:
908:Situation today
856:
816:
811:
801:
757:. According to
735:
706:
702:Other countries
696:Cuba portal
690:
688:
683:
682:
679:
644:
636:
635:
617:
605:
585:
575:
574:
553:
543:
542:
537:
520:
509:Parliamentary:
499:
498:and referendums
488:
487:
243:Vice President
209:
195:
181:
170:
160:
159:
114:First Secretary
82:
80:Communist Party
72:
71:
62:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3998:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3916:
3906:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3844:
3839:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3467:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3444:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3324:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3217:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3171:Municipalities
3168:
3162:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3071:Special Period
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3015:1932 hurricane
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2972:Ten Years' War
2969:
2964:
2959:
2953:
2951:
2950:Pre-Revolution
2944:
2938:
2937:
2926:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2890:
2884:
2878:
2872:
2866:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2842:
2833:
2828:– Report from
2823:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2809:External links
2807:
2805:
2804:
2793:. 5 March 2021
2778:
2749:
2731:
2719:
2689:
2671:
2653:
2635:
2617:
2599:
2588:
2577:
2559:
2541:
2530:
2512:
2498:
2480:
2454:
2428:
2414:
2396:
2369:
2343:
2321:
2297:
2279:
2261:
2242:
2224:
2206:
2180:
2155:
2144:. 17 June 2012
2129:
2103:
2074:
2048:
2022:
1991:
1964:
1940:
1887:Gershman, Carl
1869:
1851:
1826:
1807:
1793:
1774:
1756:
1749:
1727:
1712:
1709:. p. 217.
1697:
1678:
1663:
1648:
1617:
1599:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1500:
1497:
1476:
1473:
1430:
1427:
1382:Cólon Cemetery
1358:
1357:Hunger strikes
1355:
1326:
1323:
1295:Foreign Policy
1290:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1252:
1248:, grandson of
1243:
1237:
1227:
1196:
1195:Notable people
1193:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1137:
1131:
1126:
1116:
1110:
1100:
1086:
1068:
1065:Varela Project
1054:
1048:
1029:
1026:
1003:racism in Cuba
909:
906:
905:
904:
900:
893:
883:
880:
876:
868:
855:
852:
815:
812:
800:
797:
777:Cuban diaspora
737:
736:
734:
733:
726:
719:
711:
708:
707:
705:
704:
698:
685:
684:
681:
680:
678:
677:
672:
665:
663:
658:
657:
656:
645:
643:Related topics
642:
641:
638:
637:
634:
633:
628:
623:
616:
615:
604:
603:
602:
601:
586:
581:
580:
577:
576:
573:
572:
571:
570:
563:Municipalities
560:
554:
549:
548:
545:
544:
541:
540:
539:
538:
536:
535:
530:
523:
521:
519:
518:
513:
506:
500:
494:
493:
490:
489:
486:
485:
484:
483:
482:
481:
480:
479:
459:
458:
457:
456:
455:
435:
434:
433:
432:
431:
426:
421:
416:
409:Vice President
406:
405:
404:
379:
378:
377:
376:
375:
365:
364:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
328:
327:
326:
314:Prime Minister
297:
296:
295:
294:
293:
286:Vice President
283:
282:
281:
263:
262:
261:
260:
259:
251:
250:
249:
241:
240:
239:
221:
220:
219:
207:
206:
205:
197:Vice President
193:
192:
191:
178:
177:
171:
166:
165:
162:
161:
158:
157:
156:
155:
145:
135:
134:
133:
123:
122:
121:
101:
96:
90:
89:
83:
78:
77:
74:
73:
70:
69:
63:
58:
57:
54:
53:
50:
49:
41:
40:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3997:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3925:
3917:
3915:
3907:
3905:
3897:
3896:
3893:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:By occupation
3828:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3376:
3375:National Army
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3113:Other cities
3112:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2924:
2919:
2917:
2912:
2910:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2852:
2851:
2850:Life magazine
2846:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2814:General links
2792:
2788:
2782:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2728:
2723:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2563:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2539:
2534:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2508:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2424:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2393:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2373:
2357:
2355:
2347:
2331:
2325:
2314:
2307:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2078:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1995:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1957:
1950:
1944:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1865:
1861:
1855:
1840:
1839:The Economist
1836:
1830:
1822:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1797:
1789:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1752:
1750:9780313316906
1746:
1741:
1740:
1731:
1724:. p. 70.
1723:
1720:Ian Lumsden.
1716:
1708:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1682:
1674:
1667:
1659:
1652:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1566:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1363:
1354:
1352:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1332:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1299:Yoani Sánchez
1296:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1192:
1189:
1188:hunger strike
1185:
1181:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1153:organization.
1152:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:– Founded by
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:received the
1090:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1014:Wilmar Villar
1011:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
986:
981:
977:
969:
966:assailed the
965:
961:
957:
955:
954:
948:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
924:
923:The Economist
919:
915:
914:authoritarian
901:
898:
894:
891:
887:
884:
881:
877:
873:
869:
866:
862:
858:
857:
851:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
832:
828:
827:Paul H. Lewis
824:
820:
810:
806:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
732:
727:
725:
720:
718:
713:
712:
710:
709:
703:
700:
699:
697:
687:
686:
676:
673:
671:
667:
666:
664:
662:
659:
655:
652:
651:
650:
647:
646:
640:
639:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
614:
610:
607:
606:
600:
596:
593:
592:
591:
588:
587:
584:
579:
578:
569:
566:
565:
564:
561:
559:
556:
555:
552:
547:
546:
534:
531:
529:
526:Referendums:
525:
524:
522:
517:
514:
512:
508:
507:
505:
504:
502:
501:
497:
492:
491:
478:
475:
474:
473:
470:
469:
467:
463:
460:
454:
451:
450:
449:
446:
445:
443:
439:
436:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
410:
407:
403:
400:
399:
398:
395:
394:
392:
388:
385:
384:
383:
380:
374:
371:
370:
369:
366:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
332:
329:
325:
322:
321:
319:
315:
312:
311:
309:
305:
301:
298:
292:
289:
288:
287:
284:
280:
277:
276:
274:
270:
267:
266:
264:
258:
255:
254:
252:
248:
245:
244:
242:
238:
235:
234:
232:
231:
229:
225:
222:
218:
215:
214:
212:
208:
204:
201:
200:
198:
194:
190:
187:
186:
184:
180:
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
164:
163:
153:
149:
146:
143:
139:
136:
132:
129:
128:
127:
124:
120:
117:
116:
115:
112:
111:
109:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
76:
75:
68:
65:
64:
61:
56:
55:
52:
51:
47:
43:
42:
38:
34:
33:
30:
19:
3751:Cape Verdean
3724:Demographics
3580:Universities
3550:Architecture
3465:Central bank
3458:Cooperatives
3401:Intelligence
3261:Human rights
3231:Constitution
3020:World War II
2988:
2848:
2795:. Retrieved
2790:
2781:
2757:
2752:
2734:
2726:
2722:
2710:. Retrieved
2701:
2692:
2684:the original
2674:
2666:the original
2656:
2648:the original
2638:
2630:the original
2620:
2612:the original
2602:
2591:
2580:
2562:
2544:
2533:
2515:
2501:
2493:the original
2483:
2471:. Retrieved
2467:the original
2457:
2445:. Retrieved
2441:the original
2431:
2417:
2399:
2391:
2386:the original
2379:
2372:
2359:. Retrieved
2353:
2346:
2334:. Retrieved
2324:
2313:the original
2300:
2292:the original
2282:
2264:
2245:
2227:
2218:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2193:the original
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2167:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2141:
2132:
2120:. Retrieved
2115:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2087:
2077:
2065:. Retrieved
2060:
2051:
2039:. Retrieved
2034:
2025:
2013:. Retrieved
2004:
1994:
1982:. Retrieved
1978:The Guardian
1977:
1967:
1956:the original
1943:
1931:. Retrieved
1924:the original
1903:
1897:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1838:
1829:
1796:
1759:
1738:
1730:
1721:
1715:
1706:
1700:
1689:
1681:
1672:
1666:
1657:
1651:
1639:. Retrieved
1635:
1612:the original
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1569:
1493:
1485:
1478:
1442:
1435:Cuban exiles
1429:Cuban exiles
1420:
1410:
1404:
1390:
1371:
1348:
1343:
1338:Miriam Leiva
1334:
1319:
1314:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1270:Gorki Águila
1264:Jesús Permuy
1177:
1174:Black Spring
1146:Dictatorship
1061:Oswaldo Payá
1031:
1007:
983:
975:
973:
951:
949:
921:
911:
889:
849:
835:
830:
819:Fidel Castro
817:
774:
742:
740:
649:Human rights
60:Constitution
29:
3448:Agriculture
3186:Earthquakes
3116:Timelines:
3010:World War I
2473:25 February
2447:21 February
2392:Café Fuerte
2148:11 February
2122:11 February
1844:19 November
1513:Cuba portal
1469:Puerto Rico
1301:one of the
1250:Che Guevara
1178:During the
995:trade union
945:Raúl Castro
845:reeducation
837:Homosexuals
783:during the
654:LGBT rights
631:Visa policy
148:Secretariat
3939:Categories
3837:Architects
3741:Afro-Cuban
3683:Sociolismo
3631:Newspapers
3621:Literature
3609:Censorship
3592:Healthcare
3477:(currency)
3305:Propaganda
3266:Censorship
3191:Hurricanes
3126:Guantánamo
3122:Cienfuegos
3086:Cuban thaw
3076:Maleconazo
3025:Revolution
2977:Little War
2832:about Cuba
2361:4 December
2336:4 December
1592:12 January
1562:References
1329:See also:
1272:, musician
1169:Dissidents
1162:See also:
1142:(English:
999:Afro-Cuban
990:underclass
974:The paper
968:Cuban thaw
803:See also:
799:Background
253:Secretary
233:President
3668:Rationing
3653:Festivals
3597:Hospitals
3575:Education
3505:Transport
3377:(defunct)
3365:Air Force
3298:President
3251:Elections
3176:Provinces
3154:Geography
2067:13 August
2041:13 August
2015:8 January
1933:26 August
1920:144413653
1447:, and to
1421:In 2012,
1095:from the
1008:In 2012,
947:'s base.
621:Passports
558:Provinces
496:Elections
397:President
382:Judiciary
368:Secretary
269:President
211:Secretary
183:President
138:Politburo
3904:Category
3864:abstract
3859:Painters
3847:Athletes
3806:Lebanese
3791:Japanese
3766:Filipino
3746:American
3698:Baseball
3673:Religion
3616:Language
3604:Internet
3343:Military
3215:Politics
3134:Matanzas
3118:Camagüey
3107:Timeline
3005:Republic
2957:Timeline
2934:articles
2744:Archived
2706:Archived
2702:BBC News
2570:Archived
2554:Archived
2525:Archived
2409:Archived
2274:Archived
2256:Archived
2237:Archived
2219:BBC News
2009:Archived
1864:Archived
1769:Archived
1583:Archived
1499:See also
1439:Balseros
1099:in 2005.
1045:Alpha 66
918:Americas
879:nation".
785:Cold War
670:Military
595:Minister
175:9th term
94:Congress
87:8th term
3914:Outline
3871:Writers
3842:Artists
3816:Spanish
3811:Mexican
3786:Italian
3781:Isleños
3776:Haitian
3761:Ciboney
3756:Chinese
3565:Cuisine
3538:Society
3526:Culture
3510:airline
3500:Tourism
3436:Economy
3181:Islands
3130:Holguín
2967:Slavery
2942:History
2116:Reuters
2005:Reuters
1636:Reuters
1475:Funding
1214:in 2017
1113:Omega 7
978:in the
927:s 2017
897:dissent
675:Medical
613:in Cuba
3801:Korean
3796:Jewish
3771:French
3736:Cubans
3703:Boxing
3587:Health
3560:Cigars
3555:Cinema
3196:Rivers
3166:Cities
3095:Cities
2932:
2797:30 May
2772:
2764:
2712:20 May
2199:9 July
2173:9 July
2096:9 July
1984:1 July
1918:
1747:
1641:30 May
1608:"Cuba"
1461:Mexico
1457:Canada
1451:, the
1386:Havana
761:, the
3924:Index
3876:women
3821:White
3710:Women
3688:Sport
3663:Radio
3643:Music
3626:Media
3570:Dance
3475:Peso
2989:Maine
2316:(PDF)
2309:(PDF)
1959:(PDF)
1952:(PDF)
1927:(PDF)
1916:S2CID
1894:(PDF)
1586:(PDF)
1579:(PDF)
1449:Spain
1149:), a
745:is a
99:Rules
3332:list
3315:list
3276:LGBT
2930:Cuba
2799:2023
2770:ISBN
2762:ISBN
2714:2010
2475:2009
2449:2009
2390:In:
2363:2016
2338:2016
2201:2016
2175:2016
2150:2022
2124:2022
2098:2016
2069:2015
2043:2015
2017:2013
1986:2012
1935:2009
1846:2018
1745:ISBN
1643:2023
1594:2023
1437:and
1349:The
1293:The
1210:and
1081:and
1073:, a
807:and
751:Cuba
741:The
533:2022
528:2019
516:2023
511:2018
318:list
308:list
273:list
3545:Art
3283:Law
1908:doi
1384:in
982:'s
920:by
863:’s
829:in
749:in
466:9th
442:9th
391:9th
304:9th
228:9th
152:8th
142:8th
108:8th
67:Law
3941::
3636:TV
3136:,
3132:,
3128:,
3124:,
3120:,
2789:.
2768:,
2700:.
2235:.
2217:.
2166:.
2140:.
2114:.
2086:.
2059:.
2033:.
2007:.
2003:.
1976:.
1914:.
1904:20
1902:.
1896:.
1872:^
1837:.
1810:^
1777:^
1767:.
1634:.
1620:^
1467:,
1463:,
1459:,
1455:,
1453:UK
1418:.
1388:.
1206:,
1005:.
870:A
772:.
611:/
597::
468:)
444:)
393:)
320:)
310:)
275:)
230:)
110:)
2922:e
2915:t
2908:v
2801:.
2716:.
2477:.
2451:.
2425:.
2382:"
2378:"
2365:.
2356:"
2352:"
2340:.
2203:.
2177:.
2152:.
2126:.
2100:.
2071:.
2045:.
2019:.
1988:.
1937:.
1910::
1848:.
1753:.
1694:.
1675:.
1660:.
1645:.
1596:.
1236:.
1226:.
1109:.
1085:.
1067:.
925:'
899:.
730:e
723:t
716:v
464:(
440:(
389:(
316:(
306:—
302:(
271:(
226:(
154:)
150:(
144:)
140:(
106:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
