294:). During his absence his brother Devlet was in charge of Crimea. Crossing north of the Caucasus he became involved with his son-in-law, Ish-Terek, Bey of the Great Nogai Horde. Ish-Terek had declared himself a direct subject of the sultan. Previously the Nogais had recognized the supremacy of the Crimeans just as the Crimeans recognized the supremacy of the Turks. He also proposed a Nogai-Turkish attack of Astrakhan, which the Turks refused. When Ish-Terek claimed to be the khan's equal, Jannibeg moved against him and Ish-Terek fled for protection of the Russian governor of Astrakhan. Instead of following him, the khan attacked his Kabardian allies. When he then tried to cross the passes of Dagestan to Persia he found them blocked by the Nogais, Kabardians and Kumyks whom he had offended. Seeing no way to break through, the khan returned to Crimea in shame.
420:. For some reason there were negotiations and the Crimean army went home. This seems to be the last time the Crimeans crossed the Oka. At this time the sultan ordered Janibek to join the war against Poland but he refused because his army was in Russia. In the summer of 1633 Murad IV repeated the order and threatened to remove Janibek. The problem was solved when a Persian advance forced the sultan to cancel his campaign. As part of the settlement of the Polish-Ottoman war the sultan decided to move Khan Temir away from the Polish border. In the summer of 1634 Janibek assembled an army on the Dnieper to get this done, but the sultan changed his mind and ordered Janibek to attack Persia.
416:. A Polish war was unpopular with the Crimeans because of their recent experience there and because the Russian-backed Don Cossacks had recently made several of raids on Crimea. Jannibek thought he could ignore the Turks because there was renewed rioting in Istanbul. Salman-Shah-Mirza led an officially unauthorized raid on the upper Don and returned with much loot, which also drew Russian troops from the Polish border. In the summer of 1633 Janibek's 18-year-old son and nureddin Mubarak Giray led the entire Crimean army north. Because Russian troops were away in Poland they crossed the
655:
170:. During his first reign he fought for the Turks in Persia and Poland. He proved a poor commander and had difficulty making his men obey. He was removed by the Turks in 1623. In the following year the Turks tried to restore him and failed. During his second reign there were raids on Poland and Russia. The Turks again removed him and he died in exile.
343:
in
September 1621, aided by Janibek in person. The fighting lasted four weeks and was not decisive, but the Turks lost so many men that it discouraged further advance. The Turks were pleased with Khan Temir and displeased with Jannibek, who seemed reluctant to fight. Jannibek went back to Crimea but
297:
The following year the troops were transported by ship across the Black Sea from Kaffa to
Trabzon and then marched east across the Trans-Causasus. The result was a disaster for the Turco-Crimean side. The begs of the Shirin and Mansur clans were killed, the khan's advisor Bek-Ata was captured and the
366:
had a low opinion of
Janibek but left him on the throne. In 1622 Osman was killed by his janissaries. In February 1623 Mere Husein Pasha, a friend of Mehmed, became vizier. Mehmed was released from prison, made khan as Mehmed III and arrived in Kaffa on 19 May 1623. Janibek did not resist but went
316:
In 1617, while
Jannibek was fighting the Persians, the Sultan ordered Janibek's brother Devlet to fight the Poles. Devlet tried to hold his troops back since he feared an attack from Shahin Giray. Many of his men slipped away to Poland, hoping for loot. It is possible that Shahin could have captured
392:
Jannibek reached
Bakhchisarai on 9 July 1628 and found his country a mess. There was plague, drought and famine and for the last few months groups of Crimeans and Nogais had been killing and looting each other. Within a month he restored some degree of order. Azamat Giray returned from Akkerman and
278:
was unusually active in raiding Poland. When Shahin Giray was driven out of Crimea in 1610 he joined the Budjak raiders. He brought his followers so much loot that he became more popular than the inactive
Janibek. Janibek sent two armies against him. In 1614 the Turks drove him out. The Budjaks
428:
In the spring of 1635 Janibek and his army were on the Kuban River moving toward Persia when a
Turkish ambassador arrived with a decree removing him. When word got out Janibek lost all authority and fled to Taman, then Kaffa and then Istanbul. He was exiled to Rhodes where he met his old enemy
400:
Later that year Khan Temir attacked the leaders of the Shirin clan. This caused so much hostility that he thought it best to return to Budjak. Janibek was glad to see him go. In the fall of 1629 kalga Devlet Giray and Khan Temir attacked
Galicia in revenge for Polish support of Mehmed. They were
379:
In 1624 the Turks tried to replace Mehmed with
Janibek. When their army was defeated the Turks re-confirmed Mehmed and pretended that their invasion was unauthorized. In 1627 Mehmed's brother killed Khan Temir's relatives. The Turks now had a strong ally against Mehmed. The Turks told Mehmed to
361:
to attempt an invasion of Crimea. When things settled down
Janibek retained precarious Turkish support and returned to Crimea (spring 1619). In the 1620 Cecora campaign Devlet proved himself a better fighter than his brother. In the 1621 Khotyn campaign Janibek was reluctant to fight a pitched
173:
Chronology: 1588: born, 1609: raids Muscovy, 1610: becomes khan, 1615: raids Poland, 1617: fights Persians while brother fights Poles, 1618: in Istanbul. 1621: fights Poles, 1623: deposed by Turks, 1624: Turks try to restore him, 1628: restored, 1635: deposed by Turks, 1636: dies in exile.
380:
attack Poland, planning to land Janibek in his absence. This did not work. The Turks then sent Janibek with janissaries to Kaffa. On the morning of 30 May 1628 Mehmed awoke to find that his commanders had gone over to Janibek. Mehmed fled. For details see
332:). Polish crown hetman Zolkievski entered Moldavia in September 1620. The Turks called in their Crimean and Budjak vassals. Jannibek stayed in Crimea for fear of Shahin and sent his brother Devlet. Devlet quarreled with Khan Temir. At the
209:) conspired against him and were forced to flee. Janibek and Devlet replaced them. In 1609 and 1610 Janibek led significant raids against Muscovy and twice crossed the Oka. In late May or early June 1610 the 52-year-old Selyamet died.
234:, and appealed to the Turks. The Turks sent eight galleys with janissaries and Mehmed and Shahin fled to the steppes. Hearing that the Turks were leaving the brothers invaded again and were defeated by the remaining Turks.
258:
and next year attacked Crimea twice. In 1616 they burned Kaffa and later plundered Trazon and raided the Bosphorus coast. The Turks burned their camps on the Dnieper but could not catch their ships. (?) Around 1620 king
352:
His first Persian campaign was an abject failure. After his second Persian failure, in late 1617 or early 1618 Janibek went to Istanbul to explain himself. Here he was caught up in the confusion following the death of
362:
battle and wanted to spread his men out to loot. After the battle his men were turned loose to loot while Janibek went back to Crimea. Many of his followers abandoned him and joined the looters.
336:
the Poles were at defeated and began to retreat. They were surrounded and defeated by Khan Temir. The Budjaks began a massive looting of Polish territory and were joined by the Crimeans.
282:
The Poles had little control over their Zaporozhian subjects and the Turks had little control over the Budjak Horde. Each power used their subject-raiders to put pressure on the other.
317:
Crimea at this time if he had known about the shortage of troops. The Sultan planned a joint Turkish-Crimean-Budjak attack to force the Poles to rein in the Zaporozhians.
480:
Gaivoronsky, pp. 46–48, 50, 51 does not exactly date the two campaigns or Janibek's departure. His account is vague and needs to be supplemented from another source.
429:
Shahin Geray who was also then in exile. After a year and half the 70-year-old Janibek died. Because he had no living sons, his property was given to Shahin.
201:(1608–10) Mubakek's widow Dur-Bike arrived in Crimea with her sons Janibek and Devlet. Selyamet married Dur-Bike and adopted her sons. In 1609 Selyamet's
836:
17:
795:
891:
841:
405:
and only 7000 of the original 10 to 15 thousand Crimeans returned alive. Janibek's son Mubarak twice raided the Dnieper and lost half of his men.
181:(1550–77), five of whom had been khans in the period 1577 to 1608. Since his father was not a khan he was not technically eligible for the throne.
901:
886:
393:
became nureddin. In November 1628 Mehmet tried to regain the throne and was stopped at Perekop. In May 1629 he tried again and was killed. See
471:) puts this in 1615, has a battle at the mouth of the Dnieper and puts the Kaffa raid later. This needs to be checked from another source.
601:
321:
brought up an army. The sides chose not to fight and made a compromise in which they agreed to limit the raids of their subjects (
512:
313:
In 1615 Janibek led a very successful raid into Podolia and Galicia. He claimed it was in retaliation for the Zaporozhian raids.
291:
193:, Mubarak (Gazi's brother and Janibek's father) fled to the north Caucasus where he died in 1593. His widow married his brother
443:
413:
329:
177:
His younger brother was one of the many people named Devlet Giray. His father was Shakai Mubarek, one of the many sons of
955:
250:
had been drawn northward, but when things settled down they turned southward in search of loot. Each year some 30 to 100
325:). These promises had little effect since they had little control over the freebooters whom they claimed to rule. (?)
305:
In late 1617 or early 1618 Jannibek went to Istanbul to explain himself. In the spring of 1619 he returned to Crimea
468:
318:
502:(Prelude section) has a somewhat different account. This paragraph needs to be checked against another source.
594:
511:
Gaivoronsky, v. 2, p. 172. Hard to check from other sources. It may be a reference to Rostam Khan during the
408:
The Russo-Polish truce was about to expire and Russia tried to make an anti-Polish alliance with Turkey. See
654:
587:
340:
333:
499:
610:
561:
534:
344:
most of his men abandoned him and stayed to loot. The Turks began to consider removing him.
77:
38:
805:
775:
247:
254:
left the mouth of the Dnieper to raid the Crimean and Turkish coasts. In 1612 they raided
8:
826:
740:
704:
438:
Oleksa Gaivoronsky «Повелители двух материков», Kiev-Bakhchisarai, second edition, 2010,
264:
911:
856:
724:
714:
684:
298:
Crimeans lost at least 8000 men. The Turks blamed the Crimeans and the Crimeans blamed
260:
765:
745:
527:
226:), being the son of a khan, had a better claim. When he died the brothers Mehmed and
198:
60:
674:
439:
402:
846:
876:
800:
755:
634:
554:
544:
394:
381:
243:
223:
99:
70:
644:
929:
896:
881:
810:
770:
709:
699:
167:
760:
624:
571:
109:
861:
851:
831:
694:
679:
669:
322:
178:
906:
498:
Gaivoronsky, p. 52. He has the sultan as Osman II, who came to power in 1618.
949:
934:
785:
719:
689:
251:
202:
194:
190:
141:
866:
628:
409:
358:
299:
271:
231:
227:
222:
Selyamet had arranged for Janibek to follow him, even though Mehmed (later
206:
871:
790:
780:
639:
275:
255:
417:
363:
579:
354:
136:
290:
Around 1616 the sultan ordered Jannibek to fight the Persians (
368:
230:
invaded and made themselves khan and kalga. Jannibek fled to
166:(1568–1636, reigned 1610–23, 1628–1635) was twice khan of the
151:
205:
and nureddin (the future khan Mehmed III and his brother
279:
later fought for the Turks at Khotin and elsewhere.
267:), but there was not enough money for this to work.
374:
347:
263:tried to control the Zaporozhians by paying them (
197:who was briefly khan in 1596. During the reign of
328:Around 1620 Moldavia revolted against the Turks (
947:
339:Encouraged by this success, the Turks began the
237:
367:to istanbul where he was granted an estate at
595:
458:"C" is the Turkish equivalent of English "J".
357:. This confusion and Janibek's absence led
602:
588:
387:
285:
432:
423:
14:
948:
583:
308:
609:
446:Volume 2 pp. 27,30,31, 33–35, 41–67
24:
25:
18:Crimean-Circassian War (1616-1640)
967:
78:Khan of the Tatar Crimean Khanate
39:Khan of the Tatar Crimean Khanate
653:
375:Exile under Mehmed III 1623–1628
513:Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–1639)
469:Cossack raid on Istanbul (1615)
348:Turkish problems and deposition
302:who was helping the Persians.
292:Ottoman–Safavid War (1603–1618)
505:
492:
483:
474:
461:
452:
212:
13:
1:
189:In 1588, on the accession of
184:
414:Polish–Ottoman War (1633–34)
330:Polish–Ottoman War (1620–21)
238:Zaporozhian and Budjak raids
217:
7:
10:
972:
956:17th-century Crimean khans
920:
819:
733:
662:
651:
617:
568:
559:
551:
541:
532:
524:
147:
135:
127:
119:
115:
105:
95:
87:
76:
66:
56:
48:
37:
32:
341:Battle of Khotyn (1621)
334:Battle of Cecora (1620)
500:Moldavian Magnate Wars
388:Second reign 1628–1635
286:Fighting the Persians
467:Gaivoronsky, p. 46.
433:Source and footnotes
424:Deposition and death
319:Stanisław Żółkiewski
248:Zaporozhian Cossacks
265:Registered Cossacks
489:Gaivoronsky, p. 52
309:Fighting the Poles
261:Sigismund III Vasa
943:
942:
578:
577:
569:Succeeded by
542:Succeeded by
444:978-966-2260-02-1
403:Stefan Chmielecki
270:At this time the
157:
156:
16:(Redirected from
963:
912:Bahadır II Giray
857:Selâmet II Giray
837:Devlet III Giray
801:Saadet III Giray
756:Mehmed III Giray
657:
604:
597:
590:
581:
580:
555:Mehmed III Giray
552:Preceded by
545:Mehmed III Giray
525:Preceded by
522:
521:
516:
509:
503:
496:
490:
487:
481:
478:
472:
465:
459:
456:
412:(1632–1634) and
395:Mehmed III Giray
382:Mehmed III Giray
244:Time of Troubles
224:Mehmed III Giray
100:Mehmed III Giray
71:Mehmed III Giray
30:
29:
21:
971:
970:
966:
965:
964:
962:
961:
960:
946:
945:
944:
939:
930:Crimean Khanate
916:
897:Qaplan II Giray
892:Devlet IV Giray
882:Selim III Giray
842:Saadet IV Giray
815:
811:Devlet II Giray
776:İslâm III Giray
771:Mehmed IV Giray
766:Bahadır I Giray
746:Selâmet I Giray
729:
710:Saadet II Giray
700:Mehmed II Giray
658:
649:
613:
611:Khans of Crimea
608:
574:
565:
557:
547:
538:
530:
528:Selâmet I Giray
520:
519:
510:
506:
497:
493:
488:
484:
479:
475:
466:
462:
457:
453:
435:
426:
390:
377:
350:
311:
288:
240:
220:
215:
199:Selâmet I Giray
187:
168:Crimean Khanate
80:
61:Selâmet I Giray
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
969:
959:
958:
941:
940:
938:
937:
932:
927:
925:
921:
918:
917:
915:
914:
909:
904:
902:Sahib II Giray
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
862:Selim II Giray
859:
854:
852:Fetih II Giray
849:
847:Meñli II Giray
844:
839:
834:
832:Qaplan I Giray
829:
827:Ğazı III Giray
823:
821:
817:
816:
814:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
741:Toqtamış Giray
737:
735:
731:
730:
728:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
705:İslâm II Giray
702:
697:
695:Devlet I Giray
692:
687:
682:
680:Saadet I Giray
677:
672:
670:Mehmed I Giray
666:
664:
660:
659:
652:
650:
648:
647:
642:
637:
632:
621:
619:
615:
614:
607:
606:
599:
592:
584:
576:
575:
570:
567:
562:Khan of Crimea
558:
553:
549:
548:
543:
540:
535:Khan of Crimea
531:
526:
518:
517:
504:
491:
482:
473:
460:
450:
449:
448:
447:
434:
431:
425:
422:
389:
386:
376:
373:
349:
346:
323:Peace of Busza
310:
307:
287:
284:
239:
236:
219:
216:
214:
211:
186:
183:
179:Devlet I Giray
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
129:
125:
124:
121:
117:
116:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
50:
46:
45:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
968:
957:
954:
953:
951:
936:
935:Giray dynasty
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
919:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
824:
822:
818:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
796:Hacı II Giray
794:
792:
789:
787:
786:Selim I Giray
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
751:Canibek Giray
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
736:
732:
726:
725:Ğazı II Giray
723:
721:
720:Fetih I Giray
718:
716:
715:Ğazı II Giray
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
690:Sahib I Giray
688:
686:
685:İslâm I Giray
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
667:
665:
661:
656:
646:
645:Meñli I Giray
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
630:
626:
623:
622:
620:
616:
612:
605:
600:
598:
593:
591:
586:
585:
582:
573:
564:
563:
556:
550:
546:
537:
536:
529:
523:
514:
508:
501:
495:
486:
477:
470:
464:
455:
451:
445:
441:
437:
436:
430:
421:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
398:
396:
385:
383:
372:
370:
365:
360:
356:
345:
342:
337:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
314:
306:
303:
301:
295:
293:
283:
280:
277:
273:
268:
266:
262:
257:
253:
252:Cossack boats
249:
245:
235:
233:
229:
225:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
195:Fetih I Giray
192:
191:Gazi II Giray
182:
180:
175:
171:
169:
165:
164:Janibek Giray
161:
153:
150:
146:
143:
142:Giray dynasty
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
111:
108:
104:
101:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
51:
47:
44:
40:
36:
33:Canibek Giray
31:
19:
887:Maqsud Giray
867:Arslan Giray
820:18th century
761:İnayet Giray
750:
734:17th century
675:Ğazı I Giray
663:16th century
629:Devlet Berdi
625:Hacı I Giray
618:15th century
572:İnayet Giray
560:
533:
507:
494:
485:
476:
463:
454:
427:
410:Smolensk War
407:
401:defeated by
399:
391:
378:
359:Shahin Giray
351:
338:
327:
315:
312:
304:
300:Shahin Giray
296:
289:
281:
272:Budjak Horde
269:
241:
228:Shahin Giray
221:
207:Shahin Giray
188:
176:
172:
163:
159:
158:
110:İnayet Giray
81:
42:
27:Crimean khan
924:Khan topics
907:Şahin Giray
877:Qırım Giray
872:Halim Giray
791:Murad Giray
242:During the
213:First Reign
96:Predecessor
82:(2nd reign)
57:Predecessor
43:(1st reign)
806:Safa Giray
781:Adil Giray
640:Nur Devlet
566:1628–1635
539:1610–1623
276:Khan Temir
185:Early life
418:Oka River
218:Accession
106:Successor
91:1628–1635
67:Successor
52:1610–1623
950:Category
364:Osman II
148:Religion
355:Ahmed I
160:Canibek
137:Dynasty
635:Hayder
442:
369:Edirne
274:under
256:Gozlev
246:many
232:Kaffa
203:kalga
152:Islam
88:Reign
49:Reign
440:ISBN
131:1636
128:Died
123:1566
120:Born
397:.
162:or
952::
384:.
371:.
631:)
627:(
603:e
596:t
589:v
515:.
20:)
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