352:
210:
1985:
517:
364:
31:
233:. At the court of appeal the vice-présidents and the judges assigned to the first president are affected and can exercise their functions either at the court of appeal or in any related tribunal in that scope. The first president, the chamber presidents and the counselors of the court of appeal are the only magistrates who can preside at
334:(or president of chamber and two councillors) in the usual formation. The solemn formation consists of five magistrates and is notably used n cases sent back down from the court of cassation In rare cases, the court of appeal meets in the form of an "assembly of chambers" which comprises the magistrates of two chambers (three for the
60:, an appellate court of general jurisdiction. It reviews the judgments of a tribunal judiciaire. When one of the parties is not satisfied with the trial court’s judgment, the party can file an appeal. While decisions of a court of first instance are termed "jugements" in French, a court of appeals hands down an
467:
503:
The first president of the court of appeal and the prosecutor general, possibly assisted by other magistrates, participate in the administration and the inspection of the jurisdictions in the court's responsibility. They therefore have a
1437:
2723:
2352:
2711:
2472:
2398:
2696:
2618:
2706:
2492:
2214:
2236:
2440:
2322:
2229:
2158:
2742:
2414:
2053:
2497:
1884:
2733:
2643:
2588:
2569:
1542:
2628:
2435:
2274:
2701:
2653:
2337:
2122:
2163:
2837:
2482:
2445:
2191:
2633:
2462:
2728:
2674:
2487:
2384:
2289:
2257:
2168:
2347:
2284:
2224:
2196:
2822:
2716:
2538:
2518:
2103:
2076:
2533:
2098:
72:, that court does not re-judge the facts of the matter a third time, but may investigate and verify whether the rules of law were properly applied by the lower courts.
2559:
2219:
2178:
2564:
2528:
2467:
189:
to appeal the decisions of the first instance. Courts of appeal only recognize, in civil matters, recourse against the judgment of a civil tribunal or a commercial
2648:
2608:
64:(decision on appeal), which may either affirm or reverse the judgment of the court below. An arrĂŞt (judgment) of the court of appeals may be further appealed
2554:
2043:
2513:
221:
of the court of appeal are generally experienced jurists who began their careers in a first-degree jurisdiction. Each court of appeal is presided over by a "
1864:
2638:
2623:
1379:
2873:
2792:
2477:
1841:
2603:
1684:
1550:
461:
1613:
285:
Each court is structured into a variable number of chambers, several of which may be specialized. A court of appeal at a minimum includes:
2369:
2357:
2186:
491:
Not all matters can be appealed and thus some cannot be re-judged on appeal, for example the least important litigation. In this case the
262:
oversees the application of criminal law throughout the court of appeal's jurisdiction, within which it assures proper functioning of the
131:
of 28 floréal an XII (May 18, 1804) and took the name "imperial courts" in 1810. Their name changed afterwards according to the régime:
2091:
1824:
2786:
17:
1208:
374:
The court of appeal recognizes appeals of matters previously brought before the relevant tribunals, (du ressort), both civil and
2868:
197:
With the reform of 1958, the courts of appeals became the only appellate courts for the ordinary court system. The exceptions (
2327:
1357:
453:
is competent to hear matters of recourse against the decisions of certain independent administrative regulation authorities (
1819:
1639:
1201:
508:
and are responsible for public markets. They are assisted, in these assignments, by the regional administrative service.
1584:
1572:
1521:
1510:
1499:
1488:
1425:
2455:
1755:
1740:
1710:
1600:
229:"). The other magistrates du siège are chamber presidents and the counselors, names which recall the parlements of the
201:, National Court of incapacity and of workplace injury et National court to retain safety) were re-created afterwards.
2342:
2142:
1894:
1677:
1596:
1476:
1463:
1459:
1410:
2038:
218:
2817:
1290:
90:
or similar territories, generally two to four. The courts are often established in the same cities as the former
2574:
2033:
1874:
1790:
1056:
1935:
1814:
147:
479:
455:
198:
2858:
2684:
2523:
2081:
1670:
633:
442:
elections and some bar association decisions, as well as the decisions of other professional associations (
2070:
1295:
241:
2419:
2023:
1323:
505:
1859:
1652:
427:
181:
2780:
468:
Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse
2863:
2450:
2303:
1899:
1889:
1213:
1069:
80:
2086:
2048:
1970:
1715:
1024:
925:
809:
450:
432:
389:
335:
1655:[Code of Judicial Organization, annex table IV] (in French). LĂ©gifrance. 1 September 2023.
1765:
1728:
561:
1188:
2827:
1809:
1760:
383:
246:
1331:- deals with common-law jurisdictions, which differ considerably from French appeal procedures
1225:
2008:
1964:
1799:
1775:
1770:
1285:
1105:
725:
673:
422:
351:
885:
75:
French territories currently contain 36 courts of appeals, six of which are overseas, and a
2391:
2279:
1735:
1244:
1061:
901:
417:
309:
190:
164:
140:
8:
2108:
2028:
2000:
1780:
1693:
1275:
1093:
1065:
945:
356:
136:
1925:
1125:
629:
569:
2379:
1869:
1750:
1328:
1113:
941:
937:
889:
881:
593:
304:
Other chambers generally include at least one commercial chamber and one civil chamber.
209:
2137:
2013:
1952:
1723:
1353:
1280:
1233:
1081:
1045:
985:
705:
669:
475:
234:
193:. In penal matters, courts of appeal accept correctional and police tribunal appeals.
126:
797:
2613:
2364:
2268:
1137:
1017:
573:
545:
230:
98:
2252:
1958:
1920:
1915:
1745:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1237:
1133:
565:
556:
439:
789:
1829:
1253:
1181:
1037:
997:
820:
605:
549:
1165:
1085:
665:
484:
30:
2852:
2832:
2262:
1320:
appeal jurisdictions, which differ considerably from French appeal procedures
1257:
1229:
981:
932:
813:
745:
151:
516:
1249:
1049:
1001:
865:
841:
761:
645:
375:
1129:
157:"court of appeal" during periods of republic, and as they are still known.
2332:
1930:
1161:
908:
793:
649:
620:
752:
656:
2799:
2689:
1879:
1317:
1299:
825:
625:
1662:
1193:
992:
957:
921:
857:
2669:
773:
363:
92:
1089:
976:
965:
713:
2679:
1261:
1220:
1141:
1076:
969:
832:
777:
689:
685:
680:
952:
845:
837:
1197:
1029:
1012:
917:
852:
740:
700:
693:
609:
482:
is not a second degree court but a different assize, in another
2774:
1157:
1153:
1120:
1005:
861:
768:
757:
729:
640:
613:
600:
580:
43:
1172:
1100:
1041:
1033:
804:
784:
709:
661:
585:
511:
125:
The "appeal tribunals" became "courts of appeal" through the
1177:
1148:
1109:
961:
913:
896:
872:
733:
720:
589:
541:
536:
1298:- has some but not all characteristics of a prosecutor in
877:
478:, since the 2000 law on the presumption of innocence, an
308:
Courts of appeal include a clerk's office staffed with
1653:"Code de l'organisation judiciaire, annexe tableau IV"
320:
Collegial judgments are composed by three magistrates
367:
Procedure (simplified) of an appeal and of an appeal
1522:
Article L123-1 du code de l’organisation judiciaire
1401:
Articles 244 et suivants du code de procédure pénale
1865:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
Citizen
1585:
Article D311-9 du code de l’organisation judiciaire
1511:
Article R311-7 du code de l’organisation judiciaire
1500:
Article R311-6 du code de l’organisation judiciaire
1426:
Article L122-3 du code de l’organisation judiciaire
161:
Until 1958, appeals of judgments of a 'juge de paix
118:(law of March 18, 1800), which put an end to the "
2850:
1642:et suivants du code de l’organisation judiciaire
1575:et suivants du code de l’organisation judiciaire
531:Departments or territories in its jurisdiction
346:
282:(Assize Court) sitting at the court of appeal
1678:
498:
86:In France itself, each court governs several
110:These courts were created under the name of
1489:Article L712-13 du code de procédure pénale
520:Jurisdictions of courts of appeal of France
58:juridiction de droit commun du second degré
1685:
1671:
512:List and jurisdictions of courts of appeal
438:It is also the venue for recourse against
2767:
1825:Fundamental laws of the Kingdom of France
2874:Courts and tribunals established in 1800
515:
362:
350:
208:
29:
2787:National School for the Judiciary (ENM)
1692:
1603:et suivants du code de procédure pénale
1479:et suivants du code de procédure pénale
1352:, 13th ed., Paris, Montchestien, 2008 (
122:" which had been put in place in 1790.
14:
2851:
1439:Code de procédure pénale - Article 241
1666:
1380:"Comment fonctionne le Cour d'appel?"
488:and with nine jurors instead of six.
315:
68:. If the appeal is admissible at the
182:tribunaux paritaires des baux ruraux
1202:French Southern and Antarctic Lands
175:(civil tribunal), while a tribunal
24:
1885:Code of criminal procedure of 1808
406:judge of freedoms and of detention
242:magistrates of the parquet général
163:, justice of the peace, and labor
25:
2885:
1549:. 8 February 2007. Archived from
295:a chamber for penalty imposition,
96:, the court jurisdictions of the
1983:
428:joint agricultural land tribunal
1645:
1632:
1606:
1589:
1578:
1565:
1535:
1526:
1515:
1504:
1493:
1482:
1469:
1291:Tribunal correctionnel (France)
462:Autorité des marchés financiers
355:Courts of Appeal in the French
341:
204:
2575:European Court of Human Rights
2034:European Court of Human Rights
1875:Code of Offences and Penalties
1452:
1430:
1419:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1372:
1363:
1342:
446:) of the French legal system.
289:a correctional appeal chamber,
13:
1:
2869:1800 establishments in France
1936:Le Pelletier de Saint-Fargeau
1335:
301:a special chamber for minors,
292:a chamber of ''instruction'',
185:and a regional commission of
135:"imperial court" during the
7:
1466:du code de procédure pénale
1324:Court of Cassation (France)
1269:
412:judge of penalty imposition
397:tribunal de grande instance
347:Jurisdictional attributions
52:(court of appeals) of the
10:
2890:
2539:Sentence enforcement judge
2104:Sentence enforcement judge
2054:Sentence Enforcement Court
1895:Code of criminal procedure
1860:Criminal Ordinance of 1670
1706:code, law, or procedure in
1462:et suivants ainsi que les
499:Administrative assignments
456:Autorité de la concurrence
244:are a prosecutor-general (
105:
77:tribunal supérieur d'appel
2813:
2759:
2724:Civil rights restrictions
2662:
2596:
2587:
2547:
2534:Liberty and custody judge
2506:
2428:
2407:
2313:
2302:
2245:
2215:Aggravating circumstances
2205:
2177:
2151:
2130:
2121:
2099:Liberty and custody judge
2062:
1999:
1992:
1981:
1944:
1908:
1850:
1798:
1789:
1700:
1296:Ministère public (France)
1214:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
254:), attorneys-general and
213:Court of Appeal of Amiens
179:existed for appeals from
146:"royal court" during the
116:loi du 27 ventĂ´se an VIII
114:(appeal tribunal) by the
2570:Review and reexamination
2456:Prosecutorial discretion
2353:Presumption of innocence
2323:Accused person (prévenu)
2237:Mitigating circumstances
1614:"Qu'est-ce qu'un appel?"
1415:Code de procédure pénale
1350:Institutions judiciaires
451:Court of Appeal of Paris
433:Social security tribunal
171:were brought before the
81:Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
18:Court of Appeal (France)
2781:Documentation française
2743:Criminal imprisonment (
2328:Criminal responsibility
1392:R. Perrot. p. 169.
1369:R. Perrot. p. 166.
562:Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
2712:Punishment and redress
2473:Judicial investigation
2399:Statute of limitations
2230:Personal vulnerability
2039:Jurisdictional dualism
1810:Constitution of France
521:
371:
360:
336:Paris Court of Appeals
327:a president of chamber
225:" (also known as the "
214:
39:
2729:Electronic monitoring
2654:Prison administration
2187:Principle of legality
2009:Correctional tribunal
1965:Gendarmerie nationale
1599:et ainsi que article
1286:Police Court (France)
519:
506:qualité d'ordonnateur
444:ordres professionnels
409:correctional tribunal
366:
354:
212:
33:
2697:Citizenship training
2609:Peine complémentaire
2498:Preventive detention
2446:Police investigation
2392:Inquisitorial system
1835:French customary law
1815:Constitutional block
1070:Pyrénées-Atlantiques
674:Territory of Belfort
493:pourvoi en cassation
199:assizes appeal court
2859:Judiciary of France
2524:Investigating judge
2109:Judiciary of France
2082:Investigating judge
2029:EU Court of Justice
1694:French criminal law
1618:www.vie-publique.fr
1547:www.justice.gouv.fr
1276:Judiciary of France
926:Pyrénées-Orientales
480:assize appeal court
418:commercial tribunal
384:tribunal d'instance
324:the first president
256:substituts généraux
38:at Aix-en-Provence.
2685:Capital punishment
2619:Suspended sentence
2380:Adversarial system
2208:mitigating factors
2143:Criminal procedure
2024:Court of Cassation
1900:Penal code of 1994
1890:Penal Code of 1810
1870:Penal Code of 1791
1553:on 16 January 2016
1532:R. Perrot. p. 174.
1329:Court of Cassation
1316:, which deal with
938:Meurthe-et-Moselle
890:Metropolis of Lyon
522:
495:remains possible.
402:juge d'instruction
372:
361:
316:Judgment formation
215:
40:
2846:
2845:
2809:
2808:
2755:
2754:
2707:Community service
2583:
2582:
2519:Public prosecutor
2493:Court supervision
2298:
2297:
2117:
2116:
2077:Public prosecutor
1979:
1978:
1707:
1620:. August 31, 2012
1358:978-2-7076-1593-0
1267:
1266:
1082:Charente-Maritime
1046:Seine-Saint-Denis
986:Wallis and Futuna
298:a social chamber,
268:procureur général
260:procureur général
247:procureur général
223:premier président
70:cour de cassation
56:(judiciary) is a
16:(Redirected from
2881:
2864:Courts in France
2793:Journal officiel
2765:
2764:
2614:Minimum sentence
2594:
2593:
2365:Reasonable doubt
2311:
2310:
2269:Biens mal acquis
2192:Material element
2128:
2127:
2071:Ministère public
1997:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1926:Élisabeth Guigou
1836:
1796:
1795:
1705:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1649:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1610:
1604:
1593:
1587:
1582:
1576:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1508:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1473:
1467:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1346:
1138:Loire-Atlantique
1018:French Polynesia
630:Saint Barthélemy
570:Bouches-du-RhĂ´ne
527:Court of appeal
524:
523:
476:court of assizes
390:police tribunals
330:and a councillor
276:ministère public
187:sécurité sociale
177:d'arrondissement
128:sénatus-consulte
120:appel circulaire
112:tribunal d'appel
54:ordre judiciaire
34:Entrance to the
21:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2805:
2761:
2751:
2658:
2579:
2543:
2502:
2463:Criminalization
2424:
2403:
2315:
2305:
2294:
2253:Crime in France
2241:
2207:
2206:Aggravating and
2201:
2173:
2147:
2113:
2087:Judicial police
2058:
2019:Court of appeal
2014:Court of Assize
1988:
1984:
1975:
1971:National Police
1959:Presidial court
1940:
1921:Cesare Beccaria
1916:Robert Badinter
1904:
1852:
1846:
1834:
1801:
1785:
1696:
1691:
1661:
1660:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1579:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1483:
1474:
1470:
1457:
1453:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1420:
1413:et suivants du
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1314:Appellate court
1306:Court of Appeal
1272:
1238:Tarn-et-Garonne
1134:Ille-et-Vilaine
1062:Hautes-Pyrénées
566:Alpes-Maritimes
557:Aix-en-Provence
528:
514:
501:
440:bar association
349:
344:
318:
252:chef de parquet
207:
108:
36:Court of Appeal
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2887:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2784:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2762:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2740:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2644:Rehabilitation
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2488:Search warrant
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2448:
2443:
2441:Police custody
2438:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2308:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2265:
2260:
2258:List of crimes
2255:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2211:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2132:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1961:
1956:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1830:Old French law
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1718:
1713:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1658:
1644:
1631:
1605:
1588:
1577:
1564:
1543:"Cour d'appel"
1534:
1525:
1514:
1503:
1492:
1481:
1468:
1451:
1429:
1418:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1371:
1362:
1360:). p. 14.
1348:Roger Perrot,
1340:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1321:
1303:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1281:Cour d'assises
1278:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1254:Hauts-de-Seine
1247:
1241:
1240:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1182:Seine-Maritime
1175:
1169:
1168:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1038:Seine-et-Marne
1027:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1008:
998:Indre-et-Loire
995:
989:
988:
979:
973:
972:
955:
949:
948:
935:
929:
928:
911:
905:
904:
899:
893:
892:
875:
869:
868:
855:
849:
848:
835:
829:
828:
823:
821:Fort-de-France
817:
816:
807:
801:
800:
798:SaĂ´ne-et-Loire
787:
781:
780:
771:
765:
764:
755:
749:
748:
743:
737:
736:
723:
717:
716:
703:
697:
696:
683:
677:
676:
659:
653:
652:
643:
637:
636:
623:
617:
616:
606:Maine-et-Loire
603:
597:
596:
583:
577:
576:
559:
553:
552:
550:Lot-et-Garonne
539:
533:
532:
529:
513:
510:
500:
497:
436:
435:
430:
425:
423:labour council
420:
415:
414:
413:
410:
407:
404:
394:
393:
392:
348:
345:
343:
340:
332:
331:
328:
325:
317:
314:
310:civil servants
306:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
274:represent the
235:assizes courts
206:
203:
173:tribunal civil
167:de prud'hommes
159:
158:
155:
144:
107:
104:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2886:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:Law of France
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2760:Education and
2758:
2748:
2746:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2649:Penalty order
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2624:Early release
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:Qualification
2466:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2420:Public action
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Jurisprudence
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2263:Assassination
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:Premeditation
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2197:Moral element
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2159:Contravention
2157:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1654:
1648:
1641:
1635:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1581:
1574:
1568:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1529:
1523:
1518:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1485:
1478:
1472:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1422:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1398:
1389:
1381:
1375:
1366:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1341:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1302:jurisdictions
1301:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1230:Haute-Garonne
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:CĂ´tes-d'Armor
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1003:
999:
996:
994:
991:
990:
987:
983:
982:New Caledonia
980:
978:
975:
974:
971:
967:
963:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
947:
943:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
927:
923:
919:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
891:
887:
883:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
867:
863:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
847:
843:
839:
836:
834:
831:
830:
827:
824:
822:
819:
818:
815:
814:Pas-de-Calais
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
799:
795:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
779:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
763:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
747:
746:French Guiana
744:
742:
739:
738:
735:
731:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
715:
711:
707:
704:
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684:
682:
679:
678:
675:
671:
667:
663:
660:
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639:
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631:
627:
624:
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618:
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598:
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591:
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489:
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337:
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326:
323:
322:
321:
313:
311:
303:
300:
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291:
288:
287:
286:
283:
281:
280:cour d'assise
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
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253:
249:
248:
243:
238:
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232:
231:Ancien RĂ©gime
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202:
200:
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194:
192:
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183:
180:
176:
172:
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156:
153:
152:July Monarchy
149:
145:
142:
141:Second Empire
138:
134:
133:
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130:
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121:
117:
113:
103:
101:
100:
99:Ancien RĂ©gime
95:
94:
89:
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82:
78:
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71:
67:
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59:
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51:
50:
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32:
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2828:Constitution
2823:Codification
2798:
2791:
2779:
2744:
2735:
2717:Imprisonment
2604:Main penalty
2415:Civil action
2267:
2069:
2049:Police court
2018:
1993:Participants
1963:
1953:Maréchaussée
1951:
1945:Institutions
1704:
1647:
1634:
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1617:
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1580:
1567:
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1551:the original
1546:
1537:
1528:
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1506:
1495:
1484:
1471:
1454:
1443:. Retrieved
1438:
1432:
1421:
1414:
1406:
1397:
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1374:
1365:
1349:
1344:
1312:redirect to
1310:Cour d'appel
1250:Eure-et-Loir
1209:Saint-Pierre
1050:Val-de-Marne
1002:Loir-et-Cher
866:Haute-Vienne
842:Hautes-Alpes
762:Haute-Savoie
646:Corse-du-Sud
634:Saint Martin
502:
492:
490:
483:
473:
466:
460:
454:
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443:
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368:
342:Attributions
333:
319:
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275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
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226:
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2451:Prosecution
2333:Culpability
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2044:Local court
1931:Montesquieu
1781:Switzerland
1189:Saint-Denis
1166:Puy-de-DĂ´me
1162:Haute-Loire
1086:Deux-Sèvres
909:Montpellier
794:Haute-Marne
666:Haute-SaĂ´ne
650:Haute-Corse
621:Basse-Terre
485:département
278:before the
219:magistrates
148:Restoration
2853:Categories
2800:Legifrance
2768:publishing
2690:Guillotine
2589:Punishment
2560:Opposition
2514:Magistrate
2478:Indictment
2358:Guigou law
2316:principles
2220:Recidivism
2179:Components
2138:Penal code
1880:Five Codes
1802:of the law
1624:16 January
1445:2016-03-25
1336:References
1318:common law
1300:common law
1258:Val-d'Oise
1245:Versailles
826:Martinique
626:Guadeloupe
93:Parlements
2745:réclusion
2670:Reprimand
2663:Penalties
2629:Acquittal
2565:Cassation
2436:Complaint
2385:in France
2376:Systems:
2370:in France
2306:procedure
2275:Accessory
2001:Judiciary
1853:documents
1851:Codes and
1720:Denmark:
1638:Articles
1571:Articles
1475:Articles
1458:Articles
1130:Finistère
790:CĂ´te-d'Or
774:Haut-Rhin
357:judiciary
272:substitut
2818:Glossary
2702:Coercion
2680:Day-fine
2338:Evidence
2304:Criminal
2246:Examples
2123:Offenses
1771:Scotland
1761:Portugal
1595:Article
1270:See also
1262:Yvelines
1221:Toulouse
1142:Morbihan
1106:Ardennes
1077:Poitiers
970:Vaucluse
833:Grenoble
778:Bas-Rhin
753:Chambéry
726:Calvados
690:Dordogne
686:Charente
681:Bordeaux
657:Besançon
264:parquets
191:tribunal
165:courts (
150:and the
2838:Sources
2548:Redress
2483:Warrant
2429:Actions
2314:Guiding
2152:Classes
1800:Sources
1791:History
1751:Ireland
1746:Germany
1736:England
1716:Finland
1711:Belgium
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1198:Mayotte
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993:Orléans
958:Ardèche
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918:Aveyron
902:Moselle
858:Corrèze
853:Limoges
741:Cayenne
701:Bourges
694:Gironde
610:Mayenne
474:In the
270:or his
106:History
2775:Dalloz
2736:sursis
2734:Stay (
2639:Prison
2634:Parole
2597:Basics
2555:Appeal
2280:Murder
1909:People
1766:Russia
1573:L311-2
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1090:Vendée
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1006:Loiret
977:Nouméa
966:Lozère
946:Vosges
862:Creuse
769:Colmar
758:Savoie
730:Manche
714:Nièvre
641:Bastia
614:Sarthe
601:Angers
581:Amiens
471:...).
44:France
2675:Fines
2507:Roles
2408:Modes
2290:Theft
2169:Crime
2164:DĂ©lit
2131:Codes
2063:Other
1776:Spain
1756:Italy
1601:380-1
1173:Rouen
1114:Marne
1101:Reims
1042:Yonne
1034:Paris
1025:Paris
953:Nîmes
942:Meuse
933:Nancy
886:RhĂ´ne
882:Loire
846:Isère
838:DrĂ´me
805:Douai
785:Dijon
710:Indre
662:Doubs
594:Somme
586:Aisne
376:penal
258:. Le
154:, and
139:and
137:First
62:arrĂŞt
2529:Jury
2343:Code
2285:Rape
1842:TFEU
1820:ECHR
1724:code
1626:2016
1559:2015
1354:ISBN
1260:and
1236:and
1234:Tarn
1200:and
1180:and
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873:Lyon
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810:Nord
796:and
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760:and
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732:and
721:Caen
712:and
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670:Jura
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592:and
590:Oise
572:and
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537:Agen
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