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Under
British Army practice at that time, an officer who was colonel of a regiment only by virtue of having raised it, not having progressed through the lower officer ranks, had only temporary rank, was ineligible for promotion, and could not serve at that rank outside his own regiment. Waldstein's
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Wellington would not get there for some years more.) Official records indicate that
Waldstein was never an officer in the British Army at all, of any rank, nor is there evidence of military experience or achievement that would have gained him a general rank had he continued his military pursuits.
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Statements that
Waldstein held various general ranks in the British Army have been much copied and mis-copied, one even claiming that he was a field marshal. (By 1806, the UK had only three field marshals -- two of the king's sons and the elderly Marquess Townsend. Even the future Duke of
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For the next few years, Waldstein spent much of his time in London, although he returned to
Germany from time to time. On 23 July 1797, Maximilian Francis wrote, "For over a year neither the order nor his creditors have heard anything from Ferdinand von Waldstein, I wish him much money and
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He became obsessed with the idea of defeating the French, broke up with the
Elector and squandered all his money raising an army. On 3 June 1795, Ferdinand sealed a contract with Britain on creating a "Mergentheim Regiment". Recruited mainly in the principality of
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was a foreign regiment, now-disbanded. If
Waldstein had joined the British army, he would have had to join as a junior officer, and foreign officers were prohibited by statute from rising above the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
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Dear
Beethoven! You go to realise a long-desired wish: the genius of Mozart is still in mourning and weeps for the death of its disciple. (...) By incessant application, receive Mozart's spirit from Haydn's
247:, WoO 1, first performed on 6 March 1791, was attributed to Waldstein until it was discovered later that Beethoven had ghost-written it for his patron. In 1791/92 Beethoven finished a score entitled
197:. Many of the officers were offered and accepted British Army commissions. Waldstein was not among them, and it appears that his brief military career ended when his unit was dissolved.
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437:
Wallace, Nesbit
Willoughby: A regimental chronicle and list of officers of the 60th, or the King's Royal Rifle Corps, formerly the 62nd, or the Royal American Regiment of Foot (1879)
391:
360:
FrĂĽh, Martin (2023). "Der vorletzte Ritter. Graf
Ferdinand von Waldstein und seine Aufnahme in die Landstände des Erzstiftes Köln. Eine Nachlese zum Beethoven-Jahr 2020".
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From 1809, Ferdinand lived in Vienna or on his
Bohemian estates. He withdrew from the Order in 1811. On 9 May 1812, Ferdinand married the wealthy Countess Isabella
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intelligence". While in London, he took part in amateur theatricals (for select invited audiences), and is reported to have given creditable performances.
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Wallace gives the date of draft into the 60th as 30 Dec 1797, Chartrand gives it as 1.4.1798 . Commissioning of the officers began in January.
279:, to him. However, it seems that both men hardly had contact with one another at that time. Beethoven dedicated no other work to Waldstein.
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Waldstein, a fairly good pianist and composer, took an active part in the public life of Bonn. In the literary circles of professor
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in 1797. Many died of fever, and at the end of the year or early in 1798 the remaining enlisted men were drafted into the British
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93:, the son of Count Emanuel Philibert von Waldstein-Wartenberg (1731–1775) and his wife, Princess Maria Anna Theresa of
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from early 1788 onwards, Waldstein received, on 17 June that year, the knighthood of the Order by its Grand Master
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219:. After several unfortunate financial transactions, however, he became impoverished, and died in 1823 in Vienna.
165:. By early 1794, he was in the entourage of Elector Maximilian Francis, who had fled to Vienna from the invading
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512:
Beach, David; Donald Mintz; Robert Palmer (Winter 1969). "Analysis Symposium: Beethoven: Sonata, Op. 53".
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185:, England in 1796. "Waldstein's Light Infantry" was well below its target strength of 1,200 men. While
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592:
582:
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Thayer's Life of Beethoven, revised and edited by Elliot Forbes. Princeton University Press (1967).
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The Hampshire Telegraph and Portsmouth Gazette, 31 Jan 1803, page 4: Trial of Henrik Johan Schmitt
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From 1788 to 1792, Ferdinand was sent on various diplomatic missions. In 1792, he received the
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Schmitt returned to Germany to continue recruiting, about 800 were sent to the
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330:"Maria Anna Theresia von Liechtenstein, prinzessin von und zu Liechtenstein"
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Chartrand, René: Émigré and Foreign Troops in British Service (1) 1793-1802
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on the composer's departure for Vienna in November 1792 remains famous:
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Waldstein's Light Infantry never saw action, but it did help the local
132:. He was admitted to electoral court in Bonn and one year later became
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140:. As a gift of Maximilian Francis, he received a knightly estate in
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Eight variations for piano four hands on a theme by Count Waldstein
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and Josef Karl von Waldstein (1755-1814), who was an enthusiast of
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around 1790 and he became one of his early patrons. Beethoven's
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70:
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Count Ferdinand Ernst Joseph Gabriel von Waldstein und Wartenberg
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Annual List of Officers of the Army and Marines (available from
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In 1787 he joined the Teutonic Knights and became a novice in
32:(24 March 1762 – 26 May 1823) was a German nobleman and
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and arranged a scholarship for him. His entry in Beethoven's
97:(1738-1814). One of 11 children, his older brothers included
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to put out a fire in a biscuit bakery on the Isle of Wight.
47:, his political and military roles included the office of a
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and organised numerous festivities on the sidelines of the
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54:
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136:("privy councillor") of the Order and a member of its
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Annalen des Historischen Vereins fĂĽr den Niederrhein
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It was Waldstein who recommended young Beethoven to
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231:Waldstein's entry in Beethoven's friendship book
113:(1763-1808) became a famous painter in Spain.
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161:office of the Order at Virnsberg Castle in
471:Hampshire Chronicle, 4 Feb 1797, Page 4,
449:, 20 January 1798 and subsequent editions
598:People of the War of the First Coalition
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392:"Beethoven's patrons - Count Waldstein"
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126:Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria
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501:Music for a Knights' ballet WoO 1
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275:in C major, Op. 53, known as the
144:and became, after submitting his
99:Franz de Paula Adam von Waldstein
271:In 1804 Beethoven dedicated his
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25:Count von Waldstein, about 1800
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181:, his regiment arrived in the
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77:regiment that he had raised.
36:of the arts. A member of the
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16:German nobleman (1762–1823)
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573:Habsburg Bohemian nobility
497:www.beethoven-haus-bonn.de
171:War of the First Coalition
148:, a member of the Cologne
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514:Journal of Music Theory
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43:and an early patron of
485:Twickenham Theatricals
473:Newport, Isle of Wight
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85:Waldstein was born in
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588:Musicians from Vienna
344:"Beethoven Bookshelf"
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239:he noticed the young
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195:60th Regiment of Foot
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499:, Digital Archives:
241:Ludwig van Beethoven
146:quarters of nobility
45:Ludwig van Beethoven
179:Waldeck and Pyrmont
483:The Morning Post:
447:The London Gazette
332:. 15 October 1738.
237:Eulogius Schneider
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169:forces during the
130:Elector of Cologne
41:House of Waldstein
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578:Counts in Germany
460:National Archives
111:Mariana Waldstein
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593:Waldstein family
583:Teutonic Knights
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400:. Retrieved
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120:. Living in
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568:1823 deaths
563:1762 births
368:: 177–218.
191:West Indies
557:Categories
316:References
151:Landstände
374:0341-289X
277:Waldstein
163:Franconia
154:in 1793.
142:Godesberg
134:Geheimrat
65:) of the
59:commander
50:Geheimrat
402:21 April
213:Rzewuska
187:Adjutant
118:Ellingen
103:Kabbalah
38:Bohemian
202:militia
91:Austria
71:colonel
534:842986
532:
372:
267:hands.
223:Patron
167:French
159:Komtur
128:, the
87:Vienna
63:Komtur
34:patron
530:JSTOR
283:Notes
73:of a
404:2007
370:ISSN
122:Bonn
81:Life
55:Bonn
522:doi
366:226
53:in
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518:13
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61:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
