140:(PACs); PACs generally have strict limits on their ability to advocate on behalf of specific parties or candidates, or even to coordinate their activities with political campaigns. PACs are subject to disclosure requirements at the federal and state levels. The ability of corporations to engage in such independent expenditures has been subject to intense debate after the US Supreme Court struck down, on free-speech grounds, limits in
179:
During the 2013 election cycle in
Germany, corporations and other organizations made direct contributions to German political parties in the amount of at least 24.2 million Euros. Due to public subsidies of political parties and membership dues, such donations in Germany generally represent about 15%
166:
issue and subject to intense political debate in the US. Proponents of tighter regulations of political donations by corporations argue that corporate donations corrupt democracy. Other research suggests that post-election lobbying and access to politicians, rather than campaign contributions, shapes
35:
According to a 2020 study of large United States-based corporations, "6.3 percent of corporate charitable giving may be politically motivated, an amount 2.5 times larger than annual PAC contributions and 35 percent of federal lobbying. Absent of disclosure requirements, charitable giving may be a
175:
In
Germany, both individuals and corporations may make unlimited contributions to political parties. These contributions are partially tax exempt and partially matched by government funds; contributions of more than 10000 Euros are reportable.
57:
Corporate charitable giving can be divided into direct cash and non-cash contributions. Direct cash giving comes from corporate headquarters, regional offices, or company sponsored foundations. Examples of direct cash contributions include:
31:
refers to any financial contribution made by a corporation to another organization that furthers the contributor's own objectives. Two major kinds of such donations deserve specific consideration, charitable as well as political donations.
192:
Australia, the Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey have no limits on either contributions for parliamentary elections or on spending on such elections.
104:
Total corporate cash donations in 2010 are estimated to be $ 15.29 billion in the United States. Of that, ~80%-85% came from corporate grants and sponsorship of fundraising events while ~15%-20% or $ 2–$ 3 billion came from corporate
44:
Corporations give to charitable causes, either because of the personal convictions of influential leaders within the corporation, or more commonly to help establish the public perception that the corporation is a good
159:. Such organizations often group donations under specific corporations, but such donations refer to contributions from individuals and PACs associated with the corporation, not "corporate donations".
133:
In the US, corporations are prohibited from making expenditures to influence federal elections. Similar restrictions exist in many state elections and have been upheld by the US Supreme Court.
82:
Donation of new or used equipment or supplies, such as computers and other electronic equipment, office supplies, and targeted supplies such as clothing, canned goods, or paper products.
85:
Use of organizational services/facilities, such as financial and administrative support, computer services, printing, mailing or copying, or targeted professional services and support.
62:
Community grants to support local community efforts or nonprofits - 100% of
Fortune 500 companies provide some form of community grant or sponsor at least one fundraising event.
88:
Application of professional services, such as tax and financial advice, strategic planning and organizational development, graphic arts and copy writing, and legal assistance.
196:
In
Belgium, Canada, Chile, France, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Poland, and Slovenia, there are limits on both contributions and spending
353:
565:
Unternehmenspenden in der
Parteien- und Wahlkampffinanzierung. Die USA, Kanada, die Bundesrepublik Deutschland und Großbritannien im internationalen Vergleich
459:
78:
Non-cash contributions are contributions of equipment, supplies or time, and do not include cash contributions. Examples of non-cash contributions include:
304:
74:- Giving to nonprofits in recognition of employee-volunteer service to that organization. Approximately 40% of Fortune 500 companies offer these programs.
163:
471:
216:
614:
485:
384:
199:
Austria, Hungary, Italy, New
Zealand, Slovakia, the United Kingdom have no limits on contributions but do have limits on spending.
68:- Corporate donations to nonprofits as a match to employee giving. Approximately 65% of Fortune 500 companies offer these programs.
742:
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in democracies; political donations by individuals and organizations are one of many sources of funding.
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Non-cash contributions can also be interpreted through an organization's policy to allow employees
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141:
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form of corporate political influence undetected by voters and subsidized by taxpayers."
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If Money Talks, What Does It Say? Corruption and
Business Financing of Political Parties
335:
623:
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Bertrand, Marianne; Bombardini, Matilde; Fisman, Raymond; Trebbi, Francesco (2020).
648:
637:
416:
273:
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226:
110:
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The literature given here refers to political donations by corporate donors only:
472:
Contributions, Lobbying, and
Committee Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives
774:
669:
145:
71:
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Finland and the United States have limits on contributions but not on spending.
252:"Tax-Exempt Lobbying: Corporate Philanthropy as a Tool for Political Influence"
106:
768:
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93:
65:
568:
553:
268:
251:
156:
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592:
545:. 4th ed., Washington, DC: CQ Press, 1992, pp. 10–20, 54-70.
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Donations are closely tracked by several organizations including
580:
The Costs of
Democracy. Party Funding in Modern British Politics
442:"Supreme Court declines to hear Iowa campaign finance challenge"
486:"Parteispenden – Welche Unternehmen wem wie viel zahlen - WELT"
249:
505:"How Our Campaign Finance System Compares to Other Countries"
543:
Financing Politics. Money, Elections & Political Reform
144:, a case involving the creation of a film critical of
180:
of the total revenue of major political parties; see
99:
582:. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2007, pp. 87–142.
162:Corporate donations to PACs and Super PACs are a
766:
474:, American Political Science Review 84(2), 1990.
167:and reinforces policy decision by politicians.
608:
538:. Umea: CWK Gleerup: 1983, pp. 149–164.
589:, Oxford UK: Oxford University Press, 2013.
615:
601:
217:Corporate political donations in Australia
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502:
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14:
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383:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
336:"Double the Donation Customer Support"
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460:Political donations corrupt democracy
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525:British Political Finance, 1830-1980
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136:Corporations may make donations to
121:There is a wide range of models of
24:
531:: 1983, pp. 137–140, 228-238.
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187:
25:
791:
232:Party funding in the Netherlands
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100:Annual charitable giving figures
96:when performing volunteer work.
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477:
503:Waldman, Paul (4 April 2014).
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409:
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13:
1:
529:American Enterprise Institute
514:
484:Merz, Frederik (April 2015).
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550:Die Republik der Amtsinhaber
212:Corporate political spending
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523:Pinto-Duschinsky, Michael,
421:Legal Information Institute
205:
138:Political Action Committees
10:
796:
170:
678:
630:
340:www.doublethedonation.com
312:www.givingusareports.org
256:American Economic Review
182:Party finance in Germany
52:
560:, 1993, pp. 56–65.
541:Alexander, Herbert E.,
655:Grassroots fundraising
417:"52 U.S. Code § 30118"
305:"givingusareports.org"
142:Citizens United v. FEC
150:nonprofit corporation
534:Gidlund, Gullan M.,
269:10.1257/aer.20180615
40:Charitable donations
643:Corporate donations
117:Political donations
527:. Washington, DC:
29:corporate donation
780:Political funding
762:
761:
624:Political finance
585:McMenamin, Iain,
578:Ewing, Keith D.,
563:Römmele, Andrea,
222:Political finance
123:political finance
47:corporate citizen
16:(Redirected from
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706:Party foundation
649:Follow the money
638:Campaign finance
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399:"Home - FEC.gov"
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359:. Archived from
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314:. Archived from
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262:(7): 2065–2102.
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227:Campaign finance
111:volunteer grants
72:Volunteer grants
21:
18:Corporate donors
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670:Party subsidies
660:Party broadcast
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507:. prospect.org.
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458:Warwick Smith,
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448:. 7 April 2014.
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354:"Archived copy"
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188:Other countries
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164:First Amendment
146:Hillary Clinton
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42:
23:
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12:
11:
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321:on 2011-08-12.
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107:matching gifts
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66:Matching gifts
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748:United States
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548:Ruß, Sabine,
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366:on 2011-11-11
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424:. Retrieved
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368:. Retrieved
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733:New Zealand
728:Netherlands
569:Baden-Baden
554:Baden-Baden
426:28 November
157:OpenSecrets
769:Categories
679:By country
515:Literature
370:2012-04-05
238:References
686:Australia
536:Partistöd
288:0002-8282
27:The term
490:DIE WELT
379:cite web
206:See also
713:Ireland
701:Germany
691:Austria
575:, 1995.
446:Reuters
403:FEC.gov
171:Germany
775:Giving
738:Sweden
718:Israel
696:Canada
286:
723:Japan
631:Terms
364:(PDF)
357:(PDF)
319:(PDF)
308:(PDF)
148:by a
53:Types
428:2018
385:link
284:ISSN
109:and
274:hdl
264:doi
260:110
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